{"pageNumber":"557","pageRowStart":"13900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70215018,"text":"70215018 - 2020 - Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:25:31.548543","indexId":"70215018","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T11:16:30","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7136,"text":"Open Quaternary","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA","docAbstract":"

We infer a history of three great megathrust earthquakes during the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River estuary based on the lateral extent of sharp (≤3 mm) peat-mud stratigraphic contacts in cores and outcrops, coseismic subsidence as interpreted from fossil diatom assemblages and reconstructed with foraminiferal assemblages using a Bayesian transfer function, and regional correlation of 14C-modeled ages for the times of subsidence. A subsidence contact from 1700 CE (contact A), sometimes overlain by tsunami-deposited sand, can be traced over distances of 7 km. Contacts B and D, which record subsidence during two earlier megathrust earthquakes, are much less extensive but are traced across a 700-m by 270-m tidal marsh. Although some other Cascadia studies report evidence for an earthquake between contacts B and D, our lack of extensive evidence for such an earthquake may result from the complexities of preserving identifiable evidence of it in the rapidly shifting shoreline environments of the lower river and bay. Ages (95% intervals) and subsidence for contacts are: A, 1700 CE (1.1 ± 0.5 m); B, 942–764 cal a BP (0.7 ± 0.4 m and 1.0 m ± 0.4 m); and D, 1568–1361 cal a BP (1.0 m ± 0.4 m). Comparisons of contact subsidence and the degree of overlap of their modeled ages with ages for other Cascadia sites are consistent with megathrust ruptures many hundreds of kilometers long. But these data cannot conclusively distinguish among different types or lengths of ruptures recorded by the three great earthquake contacts at the Nehalem River estuary.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ubiquity Press","doi":"10.5334/oq.70","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.R., Hawkes, A.D., Sawai, Y., Engelhart, S.E., Witter, R., Grant-Walter, W.C., Bradley, L., Dura, T., Cahill, N., and Horton, B.P., 2020, Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA: Open Quaternary, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.5334/oq.70.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-112611","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5334/oq.70","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -123.77197265625,\n 43.723474896114794\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 47.84265762816538\n ],\n [\n -122.93701171874999,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -126.7822265625,\n 51.0275763378024\n ],\n [\n -128.56201171875,\n 50.86144411058924\n ],\n [\n -127.28759765624999,\n 49.31079887964633\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 46.619261036171515\n ],\n [\n -124.67285156250001,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 40.64730356252251\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkes, Andrea D.","contributorId":192811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkes","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawai, Yuki","contributorId":127509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawai","given":"Yuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6981,"text":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grant-Walter, Wendy C.","contributorId":242632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant-Walter","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":48492,"text":"P.O. Box 800, Harwich Port, MA 02646 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann","contributorId":193406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":195530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cahill, Niamh","contributorId":150754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Niamh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horton, Benajamin P.","contributorId":192918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Benajamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70215443,"text":"70215443 - 2020 - The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-20T13:57:30.629194","indexId":"70215443","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:49:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"

New 40Ar/39Ar and whole-rock geochemical data are used to develop a detailed eruptive chronology for Akutan volcano, Akutan Island, Alaska, USA, in the eastern Aleutian island arc. Akutan Island (166°W, 54.1°N) is the site of long-lived volcanism and the entire island comprises volcanic rocks as old as 3.3 Ma. Our current study is on the 225 km2 western half of the island, where our results show that the focus of volcanism has shifted over the last ∼700 k.y., and that on occasion, multiple volcanic centers have been active over the same period, including within the Holocene. Incremental heating experiments resulted in 56 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages and span 2.3 Ma to 9.2 ka.

Eruptive products of all units are primarily tholeiitic and medium-K, and range from basalt to dacite. Rare calc-alkaline lavas show evidence suggesting their formation via mixing of mafic and evolved magmas, not via crystallization-derived differentiation through the calc-alkaline trend. Earliest lavas are broadly dispersed and are almost exclusively mafic with high and variable La/Yb ratios that are likely the result of low degrees of partial mantle melting. Holocene lavas all fall along a single tholeiitic, basalt-to-dacite evolutionary trend and have among the lowest La/Yb ratios, which favors higher degrees of mantle melting and is consistent with the increased magma flux during this time. A suite of xenoliths, spanning a wide range of compositions, are found in the deposits of the 1.6 ka caldera-forming eruption. They are interpreted to represent completely crystallized liquids or the crystal residuum from tholeiitic fractional crystallization of the active Akutan magma system.

The new geochronologic and geochemical data are used along with existing geodetic and seismic interpretations from the island to develop a conceptual model of the active Akutan magma system. Collectively, these data are consistent with hot, dry magmas that are likely stored at 5−10 km depth prior to eruption. The prolonged eruptive activity at Akutan has also allowed us to evaluate patterns in lava-ice interactions through time as our new data and observations suggest that the influence of glaciation on eruptive activity, and possible magma composition, is more pronounced at Akutan than has been observed for other well-studied Aleutian volcanoes to the west.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35667.1","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., and Brian Jicha, 2020, The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA: GSA Bulletin, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/B35667.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116599","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -152.9296875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -152.9296875,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brian Jicha","contributorId":243421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brian Jicha","affiliations":[{"id":34113,"text":"University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215791,"text":"70215791 - 2020 - A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T16:02:35.274149","indexId":"70215791","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:40:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination","docAbstract":"

A successful management plan requires clear goals and a process for evaluation. Without them, managers risk operational shifts in which continuous changes disguised as improvements may have little beneficial effect. The conception, design, and operation of an electric barrier and fishway on the Pere Marquette River of Lake Michigan serve as an illustration. The Great Lakes Fishery Commission operated an electric weir to stop migration of adult sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) and a fishway to provide upstream passage of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during 2000–2009. The weir and fishway were successful in blocking some of the annual spawning run of sea lampreys (trapped an annual average of 439 sea lampreys) and it allowed passage of rainbow trout (an annual average of 6,091). Even with success that yielded an estimated density of 0.03 adult female sea lampreys per 100 m2 of larval habitat upstream of the weir, lampricide treatments continued because the weir still allowed establishment of substantial densities of larval sea lampreys. Our evaluation suggests that an in-stream barrier must approach 100% blockage of sea lampreys to eliminate large recruitment events. The failure of the weir to reduce lampricide treatments was due to an informally defined purpose and measures for success at the onset, the complexity of electric weir systems (and the operational problems created by such intricacy), and lack of recognition of the reduction in larval sea lamprey recruitment needed to succeed. Control of sea lampreys in the Pere Marquette River could have benefited from an adaptive management approach.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004","usgsCitation":"Tews, J., Adams, J.V., Mann, K., Koon, E., and Heinrich, J., 2020, A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S297-S309, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"S297","endPage":"S309","ipdsId":"IP-111598","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Ludington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan, Pere Marquette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.94957452481934\n ],\n [\n -86.45313262939453,\n 43.94957452481934\n ],\n [\n -86.45313262939453,\n 43.955506441260546\n ],\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.955506441260546\n ],\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.94957452481934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tews, Jenna","contributorId":244195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tews","given":"Jenna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mann, Kevin","contributorId":244196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koon, Ellie","contributorId":244198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koon","given":"Ellie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heinrich, John","contributorId":244200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heinrich","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70227010,"text":"70227010 - 2020 - Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T14:14:39.344833","indexId":"70227010","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:09:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars","docAbstract":"

Extraformational sediment recycling (old sedimentary rock to new sedimentary rock) is a fundamental aspect of Earth’s geological record; tectonism exposes sedimentary rock, whereupon it is weathered and eroded to form new sediment that later becomes lithified. On Mars, tectonism has been minor, but two decades of orbiter instrument–based studies show that some sedimentary rocks previously buried to depths of kilometers have been exposed, by erosion, at the surface. Four locations in Gale crater, explored using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Curiosity rover, exhibit sedimentary lithoclasts in sedimentary rock: At Marias Pass, they are mudstone fragments in sandstone derived from strata below an erosional unconformity; at Bimbe, they are pebble-sized sandstone and, possibly, laminated, intraclast-bearing, chemical (calcium sulfate) sediment fragments in conglomerates; at Cooperstown, they are pebble-sized fragments of sandstone within coarse sandstone; at Dingo Gap, they are cobble-sized, stratified sandstone fragments in conglomerate derived from an immediately underlying sandstone. Mars orbiter images show lithified sediment fans at the termini of canyons that incise sedimentary rock in Gale crater; these, too, consist of recycled, extraformational sediment. The recycled sediments in Gale crater are compositionally immature, indicating the dominance of physical weathering processes during the second known cycle. The observations at Marias Pass indicate that sediment eroded and removed from craters such as Gale crater during the Martian Hesperian Period could have been recycled to form new rock elsewhere. Our results permit prediction that lithified deltaic sediments at the Perseverance (landing in 2021) and Rosalind Franklin (landing in 2023) rover field sites could contain extraformational recycled sediment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02244.1","usgsCitation":"Edgett, K.S., Banham, S., Bennett, K.A., Edgar, L.A., Edwards, C., Fairen, A., Fedo, C.M., Fey, D.M., Garvin, J.B., Grotzinger, J.P., Gupta, S., Henderson, M., House, C.H., Mangold, N., McLennan, S., Newsom, H.E., Rowland, S., Siebach, K.L., Thompson, L., VanBommel, S., Wiens, R.C., Williams, R., and Yingst, A., 2020, Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars: Geosphere, v. 6, no. 16, p. 1508-1537, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02244.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1508","endPage":"1537","ipdsId":"IP-119406","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02244.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"6","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgett, Kenneth S.","contributorId":203786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edgett","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36716,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banham, Steven","contributorId":270373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banham","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Kristen A. 0000-0001-8105-7129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8105-7129","contributorId":237068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edgar, Lauren A. 0000-0001-7512-7813 ledgar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7512-7813","contributorId":167501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"Lauren","email":"ledgar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Christopher S.","contributorId":206168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Christopher 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,{"id":70216401,"text":"70216401 - 2020 - Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-17T12:42:52.924016","indexId":"70216401","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:07:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7355,"text":"Plant Health Progress","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death","docAbstract":"

Rapid ʻōhiʻa death (ROD) is caused by two recently described species of Ceratocystis, C. lukuohia and C. huliohia. These fungi are decimating ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha), the keystone native tree species of Hawaiʻi. Viable Ceratocystis propagules can persist in ambrosia beetle frass (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), and movement of the frass may play a key role in the spread of the disease. In order to prevent the spread of ROD, we developed effective and practical surface (e.g., tools and shoes) decontamination methods to be used by researchers, managers, and the public alike. We first tested different household and laboratory disinfectants on the Ceratocystis fungi in culture, and then we applied the effective culture disinfectants to contaminated ambrosia beetle frass. Laboratory-grade ethanol (70, 80, and 95%), Clorox bleach (10%, 0.825% active ingredient [a.i.]), and isopropanol (70 and 91%), were all equally effective at decontaminating cultured C. lukuohia and C. huliohia. Although all concentrations of isopropanol (50, 70, and 90%) and ethanol (50, 70, and 90%) were effective disinfectants of Ceratocystis-contaminated frass, treatments of frass with up to 20% Clorox bleach (1.2% a.i.) were not completely adequate at killing the fungus. These data reveal that bleach is not a sufficient ROD disinfectant when frass is present, and isopropanol or ethanol are the more reliable options.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Phytopathological Society","doi":"10.1094/PHP-06-20-0051-RS","usgsCitation":"Roy, K., Jaenecke, K., Bjontegard, N., Mikros, D., Dunkle, E., Yanger, C., Sugiyama, L.S., Keith, L.M., and Peck, R., 2020, Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death: Plant Health Progress, v. 21, p. 301-305, https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-06-20-0051-RS.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"305","ipdsId":"IP-119927","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JOOSP8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hawai'i Rapid 'Ohi'a Death Decontamination 2019-2020"},{"id":380527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T12:56:39.896421","indexId":"70215375","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:53:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water balance as an indicator of natural resource condition: Case studies from Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve","docAbstract":"

Managing climate impacts to natural resources in protected areas can be hampered by lack of monitoring data, poor understanding of natural resource responses to climate, or lack of timely condition assessments that can inform management actions. Here we demonstrate the utility of water balance as a tool for understanding natural resource responses to climate by developing case studies focused on stream flow, vegetation production, and wildfire ignition at Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (GSDNP), U.S.A. The efficacy of water balance to predict these responses stems from the explicit integration of climate with site conditions that modify the effects of climate. This in turn results in estimates of water availability, water use, and water need that are proximal drivers of aquatic and terrestrial natural resource conditions. The water balance model successfully forecasted stream flow (r2 = 0.69, P < 0.001); determined the critical water needs for maintaining annual vegetation production in different vegetation types spanning a large environmental gradient (r2 = 0.18–0.71); and predicted proportion of historic wildfire ignitions in forest (r2 = 0.96–0.99) and non-forest (r2 = 0.96–0.97) vegetation types. Collectively, these case studies demonstrate practical approaches to translate climate data into assessments of natural resource condition that inform long-term planning and near-term strategic actions needed for conservation of protected areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300","usgsCitation":"Thoma, D.P., Tercek, M.T., Schweiger, E.W., Munson, S.M., Gross, J.E., and Olliff, S.T., 2020, Water balance as an indicator of natural resource condition: Case studies from Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 24, e01300, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300.","productDescription":"e01300, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121269","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.87249755859375,\n 37.568528265476075\n ],\n [\n -105.46051025390625,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -105.26275634765625,\n 37.63163475580643\n ],\n [\n -105.42755126953125,\n 37.88569271818349\n ],\n [\n -105.7269287109375,\n 38.05457952821193\n ],\n [\n -106.0235595703125,\n 38.035112420612975\n ],\n [\n -105.87249755859375,\n 37.568528265476075\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thoma, David P.","contributorId":197256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoma","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tercek, Michael T.","contributorId":197257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tercek","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schweiger, E. William","contributorId":243260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweiger","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":48669,"text":"National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gross, John E.","contributorId":106777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olliff, S. Tom","contributorId":243261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olliff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":48671,"text":"National Park Service Climate Change Response Program, Bozeman, Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70216497,"text":"70216497 - 2020 - Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T13:54:06.084531","indexId":"70216497","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:47:20","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise","docAbstract":"

Background

Preserving corridors for movement and gene flow among populations can assist in the recovery of threatened and endangered species. As human activity continues to fragment habitats, characterizing natural corridors is important in establishing and maintaining connectivity corridors within the anthropogenic development matrix. The Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) is a threatened species occupying a variety of habitats in the Mojave and Colorado Deserts. Desert tortoises have been referred to as corridor-dwellers, and understanding how they move within suitable habitat can be crucial to defining corridors that will sustain sufficient gene flow to maintain connections among populations amidst the increases in human development.

Methods

To elucidate how tortoises traverse available habitat and interact with potentially inhospitable terrain and human infrastructure, we used GPS dataloggers to document fine-scale movement of individuals and estimate home ranges at ten study sites along the California/Nevada border. Our sites encompass a variety of habitats, including mountain passes that serve as important natural corridors connecting neighboring valleys, and are impacted by a variety of linear anthropogenic features. We used path selection functions to quantify tortoise movements and develop resistance surfaces based on landscape characteristics including natural features, anthropogenic alterations, and estimated home ranges with autocorrelated kernel density methods. Using the best supported path selection models and estimated home ranges, we determined characteristics of known natural corridors and compared them to mitigation corridors (remnant habitat patches) that have been integrated into land management decisions in the Ivanpah Valley.

Results

Tortoises avoided areas of high slope and low perennial vegetation cover, avoided moving near low-density roads, and traveled along linear barriers (fences and flood control berms).

Conclusions

We found that mitigation corridors designated between solar facilities should be wide enough to retain home ranges and maintain function. Differences in home range size and movement resistance between our two natural mountain pass corridors align with differences in genetic connectivity, suggesting that not all natural corridors provide the same functionality. Furthermore, creation of mitigation corridors with fences may have unintended consequences and may function differently than natural corridors. Understanding characteristics of corridors with different functionality will help future managers ensure that connectivity is maintained among Mojave desert tortoise populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8","usgsCitation":"Hromada, S.J., Esque, T., Vandergast, A.G., Dutcher, K.E., Mitchell, C.I., Gray, M.E., Chang, T., Dickson, B.G., and Nussear, K.E., 2020, Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise: Movement Ecology, v. 8, 38, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8.","productDescription":"38, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122372","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 35.41591492345623\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 35.41591492345623\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 35.41591492345623\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hromada, Steven J.","contributorId":245147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hromada","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutcher, Kirsten E.","contributorId":221063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutcher","given":"Kirsten","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Corey I","contributorId":245149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"I","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Miranda E","contributorId":221848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Miranda","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40441,"text":"Conservation Science Partners, Truckee, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chang, Tony","contributorId":191992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dickson, Brett G.","contributorId":221849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickson","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":40442,"text":"Conservation Science Partners, Truckee, CA; Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E.","contributorId":117361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70215190,"text":"70215190 - 2020 - Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-10T12:58:01.214192","indexId":"70215190","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:44:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling","docAbstract":"

Megafires are large wildfires that occur under extreme weather conditions and produce mixed burn severities across diverse environmental gradients. Assessing megafire effects requires data covering large spatiotemporal extents, which are difficult to collect from field inventories. Remote sensing provides an alternative but is limited in revealing post-fire recovery trajectories and the underlying processes that drive the recovery. We developed a novel framework to spatially reconstruct the post-fire time-series of forest conditions after the 1987 Black Dragon fire of China by integrating a forest landscape model (LANDIS) with remote sensing and inventory data. We derived pre-fire (1985) forest composition and the megafire perimeter and severity using remote sensing and inventory data. We simulated the megafire and the post-megafire forest recovery from 1985 to 2015 using the LANDIS model. We demonstrated that the framework was effective in reconstructing the post-fire stand dynamics and that it is applicable to other types of disturbances.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884","usgsCitation":"Xu, W., He, H., Fraser, J.S., Hawbaker, T., Henne, P., Duan, S., and Zhu, Z., 2020, Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 134, 104884, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884.","productDescription":"104884, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119940","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HRHBXZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for: Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling"},{"id":379290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n 133.59375,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n 133.59375,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 46.558860303117164\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"134","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Wenru","contributorId":222616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Wenru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, Hong","contributorId":242923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Hong","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraser, Jacob S.","contributorId":206005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraser","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37214,"text":"University of Missouri – Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henne, Paul D. 0000-0003-1211-5545 phenne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1211-5545","contributorId":169166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henne","given":"Paul D.","email":"phenne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duan, Shengwu","contributorId":242925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duan","given":"Shengwu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36845,"text":"School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70220292,"text":"70220292 - 2020 - Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-04T11:44:37.350624","indexId":"70220292","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:10:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions","docAbstract":"The ubiquity of Vibrio spp. throughout the coastal marine waters of the Pacific Northwest of North America raises questions about the susceptibility of native marine fishes, including Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii). Early reports of Vibriolike disease (Rucker et al., 1954; Walford, 1958) and Vibrio sp. isolations (Pacha & Kiehn, 1969) in Pacific herring remain questionable because both occurred while the classification of vibrios was still developing and prior to the availability of techniques capable of discerning viral aetiologies. This study was performed to address these uncertainties by determining the susceptibility of Pacific herring to vibriosis caused by strains of V. anguillarum and V. ordalii.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.13274","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Stinson, M., Hall, B.L., MacKenzie, A., Gregg, J.L., Richards, W.A., and Winton, J., 2020, Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 43, no. 12, p. 1607-1609, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13274.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1607","endPage":"1609","ipdsId":"IP-114241","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q6GQVK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Laboratory challenge of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii to Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordallii"},{"id":385405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stinson, M.E.T","contributorId":257786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stinson","given":"M.E.T","affiliations":[{"id":52118,"text":"Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, 6730 Martin Way E., Olympia, WA 98516","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Brenda L","contributorId":127581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacKenzie, Ashley 0000-0002-7402-7877 amackenzie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-7877","contributorId":150817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Ashley","email":"amackenzie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. 0000-0001-5328-5482 jgregg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-5482","contributorId":203912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richards, William August 0000-0002-5233-2299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-2299","contributorId":257787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"August","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winton, James 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":179330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70214667,"text":"pp1842AA - 2020 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70214667,"text":"pp1842AA - 2020 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","indexId":"pp1842AA","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"chapter":"AA","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T20:53:08.882926","indexId":"pp1842AA","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T06:39:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1842","chapter":"AA","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","docAbstract":"

Keys to Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri) management include maintaining extensive, unfragmented patches of suitable breeding habitat; reducing conifer cover and height; preventing the invasion of conifers and nonnative plants, especially cheatgrass (downy brome [Bromus tectorum]); minimizing disturbance to soil; and restricting the use of pesticides and herbicides during the breeding season (April–July). Brewer’s Sparrows have been reported to use breeding habitats with 12–170 centimeter (cm) vegetation height, 2–34 cm visual obstruction reading, 1–74 percent grass cover, less than (<) 19 percent forb cover, 1–65 percent shrub cover, 1–75 percent bare ground, 2–61 percent litter cover, and <1 cm litter depth. During post-fledging dispersal in July, Brewer’s Sparrow adults and young may shift habitat use to nearby aspen (Populus species [spp.]), riparian shrub, or deciduous mountain shrub habitats, so these habitats also may be important for management.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842AA","usgsCitation":"Walker, B.L., Igl, L.D., and Shaffer, J.A., 2020, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri), chap. AA of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842AA.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-096452","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378957,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/aa/pp1842aa.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–AA"},{"id":378956,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/aa/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"

Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Brett L.","contributorId":87475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":220514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":223126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70220903,"text":"70220903 - 2020 - Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T14:28:55.771655","indexId":"70220903","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T13:43:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?","docAbstract":"

Near-term extirpations of macroinvertebrates are predicted for mountain streams worldwide as a warming climate drives the recession of high-elevation ice and snow. However, hydrological sources likely vary in their resistance to climate change, and thus streams fed by more resistant sources could persist as climate refugia for imperiled biota. In 2015–2016, we measured habitat characteristics and quantified macroinvertebrate community structure along 6 alpine streams in the Teton Range, Wyoming, USA. Strong differences in habitat characteristics (e.g., temperature, bed stability, conductivity) confirmed 3 major stream sources: surface glaciers, perennial snowfields, and subterranean ice. Subterranean ice-fed streams—termed “icy seeps”—appear common in the Teton Range and elsewhere, yet are globally understudied. Midges in the family Chironomidae dominated our study sites, representing 78.6% of all specimens sampled, with nematodes, caddisflies (Neothremma), and mayflies (Epeorus) also common. At the community scale, glacier- and snowmelt-fed streams differed significantly in multivariate space, with icy-seep communities intermediate between them, incorporating components of both assemblages. Because the thermal environment of subterranean ice, including rock glaciers, is decoupled from large-scale climatic conditions, we predict that icy seeps will remain intact longer than streams fed by surface ice and snow. Furthermore, our results suggest that icy seeps are suitable habitat for many macroinvertebrates occupying streams fed by vulnerable hydrological sources. Thus, icy seeps may act as key climate refugia for mountain stream biodiversity, an idea in need of further investigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0311","usgsCitation":"Tronstad, L., Hotaling, S., Giersch, J.J., Wilmot, O.J., and Finn, D.S., 2020, Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?: Western North American Naturalist, v. 3, no. 80, p. 395-407, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0311.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"407","ipdsId":"IP-110169","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/788273","text":"External Repository"},{"id":386021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, Jedediah Smith Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 43.4947753137023\n ],\n [\n -110.42633056640625,\n 43.4947753137023\n ],\n [\n -110.42633056640625,\n 44.12801374373221\n ],\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 44.12801374373221\n ],\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 43.4947753137023\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"80","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tronstad, Lusha M.","contributorId":224819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tronstad","given":"Lusha M.","affiliations":[{"id":40947,"text":"Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hotaling, Scott 0000-0002-5965-0986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-0986","contributorId":176860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hotaling","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giersch, J. Joseph 0000-0001-7818-3941 jgiersch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3941","contributorId":198074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giersch","given":"J.","email":"jgiersch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilmot, Oliver J.","contributorId":258868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilmot","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52320,"text":"Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, Debra S.","contributorId":198312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215014,"text":"70215014 - 2020 - Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:36:03.416549","indexId":"70215014","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T11:28:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","docAbstract":"

Most seabird species nest colonially on cliffs or islands with limited terrestrial predation, so that oceanic effects on the quality or quantity of prey fed to chicks more often determine nest success. However, when predator access increases, impacts can be dramatic, especially when exposure to predators is extended due to slow growth from inadequate food. Kittlitz’s Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris), a rare seabird having experienced serious declines, nests solitarily on the ground in barren, often alpine areas where exposure to predators is generally low. Nestling growth rates are exceptionally high and nestling periods very short relative to other Alcidae. This strategy reduces duration of exposure to predators, but demands adequate deliveries of high‐energy prey. In an area where foxes can access nests, we investigated whether varying energy content of prey fed to chicks could alter growth rates and resulting duration of predator exposure, and whether prolonged exposure appreciably reduced nest success. From 2009 to 2016, we monitored 139 nests; 49% were depredated (almost all by foxes) and 25% fledged. Prey fed to nestlings were 80% Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) and 19% capelin (Mallotus villosus), with capelin having 2.3× higher energy content per fish. In a year of slow chick growth, increased sand lance energy density of 31% (4.29–5.64 kJ/g, within published values), or increased proportion of capelin in the diet from 5.6% to 27.2%, would have allowed maximum chick growth. Maximum growth rates were attainable by delivering only 1.9 capelin/d versus 5.5 sand lance/d. Slow growth increased time to fledging by up to 5 d, decreasing survival by 7.7% (0.142–0.131). Breeding propensity of Kittlitz’s Murrelet averages only 20%, so even small changes in nest success could affect populations. Although nest success was limited mainly by predation, oceanic effects on prey quantity and quality had overriding impacts in one year (2015 heat wave), and small but substantive effects in other years by mediating exposure to predation. Climate warming that decreases availability of high‐energy forage fish, or increases expansion of predators into nesting habitats, may disproportionately affect this sensitive species and others with predator‐accessible nests and demands for energy‐rich prey.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3229","usgsCitation":"Knudson, T., Lovvorn, J.R., Lawonn, M.J., Corcoran, R., Roby, D., Piatt, J.F., and Pyle, W., 2020, Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e03229, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229.","productDescription":"e03229, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104627","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.072265625,\n 57.844750992891\n ],\n [\n -154.9951171875,\n 57.326521225217064\n ],\n [\n -154.20410156249997,\n 56.46249048388979\n ],\n [\n -151.4794921875,\n 57.58655886615978\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -154.072265625,\n 57.844750992891\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudson, Timothy","contributorId":242627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudson","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48489,"text":"Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovvorn, James R.","contributorId":167714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovvorn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawonn, M. James","contributorId":242628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawonn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corcoran, Robin","contributorId":242629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roby, Dan","contributorId":242630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roby","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pyle, William","contributorId":242631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyle","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70217187,"text":"70217187 - 2020 - High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T16:38:49.270248","indexId":"70217187","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T10:12:49","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America","docAbstract":"

Delineation of population structure provides valuable information for conservation and management of species, as levels of demographic and genetic connectivity not only affect population dynamics but also have important implications for adaptability and resiliency of populations and species. Here, we measure population genetic structure and connectivity across the ranges of two sister species of sea ducks: Barrow's goldeneye Bucephala islandica and common goldeneye B. clangula. We use two different marker types: 7–8 nuclear microsatellite loci assayed across 229 samples and 3678 double digest restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD‐seq) loci assayed across 61 samples. First, both datasets found no evidence of genetic structure within common or Barrow's goldeneye, including between North American and European samples of common goldeneye. These results are in contrast with previous mitochondrial DNA, band recovery and telemetry data which suggest that goldeneyes are structured across their range. We posit that the discordance between autosomal genetic markers and other data types suggests that males, possibly subadult males, may be maintaining genetic connectivity across each species' respective ranges. Next, although mate choice consequences resulting from inter‐specific brood parasitism was hypothesized to cause some level of gene flow between goldeneye species, we only identified a single F1 hybrid with no further evidence of contemporary or historical gene flow. Despite ddRAD‐seq demographic analyses which recovered an optimum evolutionary model of split‐with‐migration (i.e. secondary contact), estimates of gene flow were <<1 migrant per generation in both directions. Together, we conclude that either strong ecological barriers or assortative mating are likely playing a role in preventing further backcrossing. Finally, demographic analyses estimated a relatively deep divergence time between Barrow's goldeneye and common goldeneye of ~1.6 million years before present and suggests that the genomes of both species have been under similar evolutionary constraints.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.02600","usgsCitation":"Brown, J.I., Lavretsky, P., Wilson, R.E., Haughey, C., Boyd, W., Esler, D., Talbot, S.L., and Sonsthagen, S.A., 2020, High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 51, no. 12, e02600, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02600.","productDescription":"e02600, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118941","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D8CN8M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Genetic Data from Barrow's Goldeneye and Common Goldeneye"},{"id":382061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Denmark, Mexico, United States","volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Joshua I.","contributorId":247561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lavretsky, Philip","contributorId":60542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavretsky","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Robert E. 0000-0003-1800-0183 rewilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0183","contributorId":5718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"rewilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haughey, Christy 0000-0002-4846-6008","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4846-6008","contributorId":220547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haughey","given":"Christy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyd, W. Sean","contributorId":241002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"W. Sean","affiliations":[{"id":48188,"text":"Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70229066,"text":"70229066 - 2020 - Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-28T16:06:00.747933","indexId":"70229066","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T09:57:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10137,"text":"Landscape Online","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology","docAbstract":"

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are distance learning tools for individualized learning. They allow students to learn at their own pace in a virtual classroom. We describe success and pitfalls of the MOOC Landscape Ecology, designed as an undergraduate University course taught by an international consortium of Professors covering theory and application of the field. The paper describes course performance with summary metrics, illustrates contents and didactic tools, and provides a list of suggestions for instructors who engage in distant learning. We identify the following five key success factors for this and related MOOCs: (1) commitment and passion of an international consortium of lecturers; (2) a sound mixture of theory and practice; (3) numerous field-videos; (4) content and skill-oriented practicums (here using R, GIS, remote sensing); and (5) interactive formats where students discuss and share their opinions. In all runs of our MOOC we experienced some difficulties with peer-assessed writing tasks due to widely differing “review cultures”. The instructor-paced MOOC attracted over 3500 students in 2018 and 2019, and had comparably high completion rates (14% and 11%, respectively), compared to typical MOOC completion rates ranging from 5% to 15%. Completion rates in our self-paced run in 2020 were 8-9% only.

","language":"English","publisher":"Landscape Online","doi":"10.3097/LO.202083","usgsCitation":"Kienast Felix, Selina, G., Edwards, T.C., and Gregor, M., 2020, Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology: Landscape Online, v. 83, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.202083.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-121434","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.202083","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396559,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kienast Felix","contributorId":286980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kienast Felix","affiliations":[{"id":61440,"text":"swi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selina, Gosteli","contributorId":286981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selina","given":"Gosteli","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61442,"text":"intosens","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregor, Martius","contributorId":286982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregor","given":"Martius","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61443,"text":"gem...","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215614,"text":"70215614 - 2020 - High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T20:35:44.909819","indexId":"70215614","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T09:34:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","title":"High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","docAbstract":"

Amphipods are often key species in aquatic food webs due to their functional roles in the ecosystem and as intermediate hosts for trophically transmitted parasites. Amphipods can also host many parasite species, yet few studies address the entire parasite community of a gammarid population, precluding a more dynamic understanding of the food web. We set out to identify and quantify the parasite community of Gammarus lacustris to understand the contributions of the amphipod and its parasites to the Takvatn food web. We identified seven parasite taxa: a direct life cycle gregarine, Rotundula sp., and larval stages of two digenean trematode genera, two cestodes, one nematode, and one acanthocephalan. The larval parasites use either birds or fishes as final hosts. Bird parasites predominated, with trematode Plagiorchis sp. having the highest prevalence (69%) and mean abundance (2.7). Fish parasites were also common, including trematodes Crepidostomum spp., nematode Cystidicola farionis, and cestode Cyathocephalus truncatus (prevalences 13, 6, and 3%, respectively). Five parasites depend entirely on G. lacustris to complete their life cycle. At least 11.4% of the overall parasite diversity in the lake was dependent on G. lacustris, and 16% of the helminth diversity required or used the amphipod in their life cycles. These dependencies reveal that in addition to being a key prey item in subarctic lakes, G. lacustris is also an important host for maintaining parasite diversity in such ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.6869","usgsCitation":"Shaw, J.C., Henriksen, E.H., Knudsen, R., Kuhn, J.A., Kuris, A.M., Lafferty, K.D., Siwertsson, A., Soldanova, M., and Amundsen, P., 2020, High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 21, p. 12385-12394, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6869.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12385","endPage":"12394","ipdsId":"IP-122382","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6869","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","otherGeospatial":"Takvatn","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.08364421998343\n ],\n [\n 19.180755615234375,\n 69.08364421998343\n ],\n [\n 19.180755615234375,\n 69.14044189412401\n ],\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.14044189412401\n ],\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.08364421998343\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, Jenny C.","contributorId":189858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henriksen, Eirik H.","contributorId":189857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henriksen","given":"Eirik","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knudsen, Rune","contributorId":189855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"Rune","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuhn, Jesper A.","contributorId":189856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Jesper","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":189859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Siwertsson, Anna","contributorId":150856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siwertsson","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18120,"text":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soldanova, Miroslava","contributorId":189852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soldanova","given":"Miroslava","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Amundsen, Per‐Arne","contributorId":243998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amundsen","given":"Per‐Arne","affiliations":[{"id":48791,"text":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70215059,"text":"70215059 - 2020 - Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T15:10:52.865686","indexId":"70215059","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T08:24:54","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy","docAbstract":"

The nanoscale molecular composition of sedimentary organic matter is challenging to characterize in situ given the limited tools available that can adequately interrogate its complex chemical structure. This is a particularly relevant issue in source rocks, as kerogen composition will strongly impact its reactivity and so is critical to understanding petroleum generation processes during catagenesis. The recent advent of tip-enhanced analytical methods, such as atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), has allowed for the major compositional features of kerogen and other types of in situ organic matter to be elucidated at spatial resolutions at or below 50 nm. Here AFM-IR was applied to examine inertinite, an important organic matter type, present in a thermally immature Eagle Ford calcareous mudstone. The data show that the nanoscale molecular composition of the examined inertinite is (i) less heterogeneous than solid bitumen in more thermally mature Eagle Ford samples and (ii) more hydrogen- and oxygen-rich than inertinite examined in the New Albany Shale.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608","usgsCitation":"Jubb, A., Hackley, P.C., Birdwell, J.E., Hatcherian, J.J., and Qu, J., 2020, Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 231, 103608, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608.","productDescription":"103608, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120851","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Ford Shale, Bechtel Well","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 28.810986808864513\n ],\n [\n -97.88955688476562,\n 28.810986808864513\n ],\n [\n -97.88955688476562,\n 29.012944302424863\n ],\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 29.012944302424863\n ],\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 28.810986808864513\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jubb, Aaron M. 0000-0001-6875-1079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-1079","contributorId":201978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jubb","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatcherian, Javin J. 0000-0001-9151-6798 jhatcherian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9151-6798","contributorId":195770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcherian","given":"Javin","email":"jhatcherian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qu, Jing","contributorId":242671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Jing","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216985,"text":"70216985 - 2020 - Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-22T13:34:43.020255","indexId":"70216985","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T07:32:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7473,"text":"Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments","docAbstract":"
The Discrete Element Method has been widely used to simulate geo-materials due to time and scale limitations met in the field and laboratories. While cohesionless geo-materials were the focus of many previous studies, the deformation of cohesive geo-materials in 3D remained poorly characterized. Here, we aimed to generate a range of numerical ‘sediments’, assess their mechanical response to stress and compare their response with laboratory tests, focusing on differences between the micro- and macro-material properties. We simulated two endmembers—clay (cohesive) and sand (cohesionless). The materials were tested in a 3D triaxial numerical setup, under different simulated burial stresses and consolidation states. Variations in particle contact or individual bond strengths generate first order influence on the stress–strain response, i.e., a different deformation style of the numerical sand or clay. Increased burial depth generates a second order influence, elevating peak shear strength. Loose and dense consolidation states generate a third order influence of the endmember level. The results replicate a range of sediment compositions, empirical behaviors and conditions. We propose a procedure to characterize sediments numerically. The numerical ‘sediments’ can be applied to simulate processes in sediments exhibiting variations in strength due to post-seismic consolidation, bioturbation or variations in sedimentation rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/pr8101252","usgsCitation":"Elyashiv, H., Bookman, R., Siemann, L., ten Brink, U., and Huhn, K., 2020, Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments: Processes, v. 8, no. 10, 1252, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8101252.","productDescription":"1252, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122652","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8101252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elyashiv, Hadar","contributorId":245846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elyashiv","given":"Hadar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49341,"text":"Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences (CSMS), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookman, Revital","contributorId":245847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bookman","given":"Revital","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49341,"text":"Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences (CSMS), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siemann, Lennart","contributorId":245848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siemann","given":"Lennart","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49342,"text":"Institute for Geotechnical Engineering, Leibniz University of Hannover, Welfengarten","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":807173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huhn, Katrin","contributorId":245849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huhn","given":"Katrin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49344,"text":"MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, Universität of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215254,"text":"70215254 - 2020 - Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-14T12:30:56.62952","indexId":"70215254","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-04T07:23:39","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6454,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)","docAbstract":"

Landscapes evolve in response to prolonged and/or intense precipitation resulting from atmospheric processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Whereas synoptic (large‐scale) features (e.g., atmospheric rivers and hurricanes) govern regional‐scale hydrologic hazards such as widespread flooding, mesoscale features such as thunderstorms or squall lines are more likely to trigger localized geomorphic hazards such as landslides. Thus, to better understand relations between hydrometeorological drivers and landscape response, a knowledge of mesoscale meteorology and its impacts is needed. Here we investigate the extreme geomorphic response associated with one type of mesoscale meteorological feature, the narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR). Resulting from low‐level convergence and shallow convection along a cold front, NCFRs are narrow bands of high‐intensity rainfall that occur in midlatitude areas of the world. Our study examines an NCFR impacting the Sierra Nevada foothills (California, USA) that initiated over 500 landslides, mobilized ~360,000 metric tons of sediment to the fluvial system (as much as 16 times the local annual sediment yield), and severely damaged local infrastructure and regional water transport facilities. Coupling geomorphological field investigations with meteorological analyses, we demonstrate that precipitation associated with the NCFR was both intense (maximum 15 min intensity of 70 mm/hr) and localized, resulting in a highly concentrated band of shallow landsliding. This meteorological phenomenon likely plays an important role in landscape evolution and hazard initiation. Other types of mesoscale meteorological features also occur globally and offer new avenues for understanding the effects of storms on landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JF005675","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.D., Oakley, N.S., Perkins, J.P., East, A.E., Corbett, S.C., and Hatchett, B.J., 2020, Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR): Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface, v. 125, no. 10, e2020JF005675, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005675.","productDescription":"e2020JF005675, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118118","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jf005675","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BU8FAQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field, geotechnical, and meteorological data of the 22 March 2018 narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR) and its effects, Tuolumne River canyon, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California"},{"id":379345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Groveland vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.56121826171875,\n 37.66208079655377\n ],\n [\n -119.93225097656251,\n 37.66208079655377\n ],\n [\n -119.93225097656251,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -120.56121826171875,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -120.56121826171875,\n 37.66208079655377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oakley, N. S. 0000-0001-5680-9296","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-9296","contributorId":236978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakley","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":47583,"text":"Desert Research Institute and Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Jonathan P. 0000-0002-6113-338X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6113-338X","contributorId":237053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corbett, Skye C. 0000-0003-3277-1021 scorbett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-1021","contributorId":200617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"Skye","email":"scorbett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatchett, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1066-3601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-3601","contributorId":214405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatchett","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39033,"text":"Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70214678,"text":"70214678 - 2020 - Whitebark pine cone production - 2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T18:49:32.456195","indexId":"70214678","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-02T12:42:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7569,"text":"Project Summary","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Whitebark pine cone production - 2020","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Haroldson, M.A., and van Manen, F.T., 2020, Whitebark pine cone production - 2020: Project Summary, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123075","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378978,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/media/files/2020-whitebark-pine-report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.20361328125,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -110.291748046875,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -109.83032226562499,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -109.10522460937499,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -108.555908203125,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -108.61083984375,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -109.22607421875,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -109.21508789062499,\n 43.667871610117494\n ],\n [\n -108.797607421875,\n 43.77902662160831\n ],\n [\n -109.171142578125,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -109.21508789062499,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -110.511474609375,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n -112.071533203125,\n 45.805828539928356\n ],\n [\n -112.335205078125,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -112.203369140625,\n 44.59829048984011\n ],\n [\n -111.20361328125,\n 44.06390660801779\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215008,"text":"70215008 - 2020 - Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T20:03:55.160651","indexId":"70215008","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-02T11:37:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)","docAbstract":"

Endocrine disrupting contaminants are of continuing concern for potentially contributing to reproductive dysfunction in largemouth and smallmouth bass in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW) and elsewhere. Exposures to atrazine (ATR) have been hypothesized to have estrogenic effects on vertebrate endocrine systems. The incidence of intersex in male smallmouth bass from some regions of CBW has been correlated with ATR concentrations in water. Fish early life stages may be particularly vulnerable to ATR exposure in agricultural areas, as a spring influx of pesticides coincides with spawning and early development. Our objectives were to investigate the effects of early life stage exposure to ATR or the model estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on sexual differentiation and gene expression in gonad tissue. We exposed newly hatched largemouth bass (LMB, Micropterus salmoides) from 7 to 80 days post-spawn to nominal concentrations of 1, 10, or 100 µg ATR/L or 1 or 10 ng EE2/L and monitored histological development and transcriptomic changes in gonad tissue. We observed a nearly 100% female sex ratio in LMB exposed to EE2 at 10 ng/L, presumably due to sex reversal of males. Many gonad genes were differentially expressed between sexes. Multidimensional scaling revealed clustering by gene expression of the 1 ng EE2/L and 100 µg ATR/L-treated male fish. Some pathways responsive to EE2 exposure were not sex-specific. We observed differential expression in male gonad in LMB exposed to EE2 at 1 ng/L of several genes involved in reproductive development and function, including star, cyp11a2, ddx4 (previously vasa), wnt5b, cyp1a and samhd1. Expression of star, cyp11a2 and cyp1a in males was also responsive to ATR exposure. Overall, our results confirm that early development is a sensitive window for estrogenic endocrine disruption in LMB and are consistent with the hypothesis that ATR exposure induces some estrogenic responses in the developing gonad. However, ATR-specific and EE2-specific responses were also observed.

","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.9614","usgsCitation":"Leet, J.K., Richter, C.A., Cornman, R.S., Berninger, J., Bhandari, R., Nicks, D., Zajicek, J., Blazer, V., and Tillitt, D.E., 2020, Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol): PeerJ, v. 8, e9614, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9614.","productDescription":"e9614, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113098","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455149,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ZE9D6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17a-ethinylestradiol)"},{"id":379091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.00341796875,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -78.42041015625,\n 40.43022363450862\n ],\n [\n -79.82666015625,\n 39.2832938689385\n ],\n [\n -80.79345703125,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -79.69482421875,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -76.48681640625,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -75.38818359375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -75.65185546874999,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -74.72900390625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -76.00341796875,\n 42.84375132629021\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leet, Jessica Kristin 0000-0001-8142-6043","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-6043","contributorId":225505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leet","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Kristin","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":138994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berninger, Jason P.","contributorId":173602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berninger","given":"Jason P.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bhandari, Ramji K.","contributorId":215751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhandari","given":"Ramji K.","affiliations":[{"id":39315,"text":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nicks, Diane K.","contributorId":242624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicks","given":"Diane K.","affiliations":[{"id":27990,"text":"Deceased","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zajicek, James L.","contributorId":211483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zajicek","given":"James L.","affiliations":[{"id":38257,"text":"USGS-Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO (Retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70216810,"text":"70216810 - 2020 - Carbon storage and sediment trapping by Egeria densa Planch., a globally invasive, freshwater macrophyte","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T13:41:37.126308","indexId":"70216810","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-02T07:40:37","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon storage and sediment trapping by Egeria densa Planch., a globally invasive, freshwater macrophyte","docAbstract":"

Invasive plants have long been recognized for altering ecosystem properties, but their long-term impacts on ecosystem processes remain largely unknown. In this study, we determined the impact of Egeria densa Planch, a globally invasive freshwater macrophyte, on sedimentation processes in a large tidal freshwater region. We measured carbon accumulation (CARs) and inorganic sedimentation rates in submerged aquatic vegetation SAV dominated by E. densa and compared these rates to those of adjacent tidal freshwater marshes. Study sites were chosen along a range of hydrodynamic conditions in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, USA, where E. densa has been widespread since 1990. Cores were analyzed for bulk density, % inorganic matter, % organic carbon, 210Pb, and 137Cs. Our results show that E. densa patches constitute sinks for both “blue carbon” and inorganic sediment. Compared to marshes, E. densa patches have greater inorganic sedimentation rates (E. densa: 1103–5989 g m−2 yr−1, marsh: 393–1001 g m−2 yr−1, p < 0.01) and vertical accretion rates (E. densa: 0.4–1.3 cm yr−1, marsh: 0.3–0.5 cm yr−1, p < 0.05), but similar CARs (E. densa: 59–242 g C m−2 yr−1, marsh: 109–169 g C m−2 yr−1, p > 0.05). Sediment stored by E. densa likely reduces the resilience of adjacent marshes by depleting the sediment available for marsh-building. Because of its harmful traits, E. densa is not a suitable candidate for mitigating carbon pollution; however, currently invaded habitats may already contain a meaningful component of regional carbon budgets. Our results strongly suggest that E. densa patches are sinks for carbon and inorganic sediment throughout its global range, raising questions about how invasive SAV is altering biogeochemical cycling and sediment dynamics across freshwater ecosystems.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142602","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J.Z., Khanna, S., and Lacy, J.R., 2020, Carbon storage and sediment trapping by Egeria densa Planch., a globally invasive, freshwater macrophyte: Science of the Total Environment, 142602, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142602.","productDescription":"142602, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115850","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142602","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94F5578","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Radioisotopes, percent organic carbon, percent inorganic sediment, and bulk density for peat and sediment cores collected in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California"},{"id":381101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 37.792422407988575\n ],\n [\n -121.2286376953125,\n 37.792422407988575\n ],\n [\n -121.2286376953125,\n 38.45789034424927\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 38.45789034424927\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 37.792422407988575\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khanna, Shruti","contributorId":205167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khanna","given":"Shruti","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37041,"text":"Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217793,"text":"70217793 - 2020 - The biggest bang for the buck: Cost‐effective vegetation treatment outcomes across drylands of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T21:15:39.75663","indexId":"70217793","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T15:15:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The biggest bang for the buck: Cost‐effective vegetation treatment outcomes across drylands of the western United States","docAbstract":"

Restoration and rehabilitation are globally implemented to improve ecosystem condition but often without tracking treatment expenditures relative to ecological outcomes. We evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of widely conducted woody plant and herbaceous invasive plant removals and seeding treatments in drylands of the western United States from 2004 to 2018 to determine how land managers can optimize efforts. Woody plant cover decreased at a similar rate per dollar spent regardless of vegetation removal type, and the dominant invasive species was reduced by herbicide application. Relatively inexpensive herbicide application also had a large positive effect on seeded perennial grass cover that was enhanced by additional cost; while expensive woody mastication treatments had little effect regardless of additional cost. High seed cost was driven by including a large proportion of native species in seed mixes, and combined with high seeding cost, promoted a short‐term (2–3 yr) gain in perennial forb cover and species richness. In contrast, seeding and seed mix cost had no bearing on seeded perennial grass cover, in part, because relatively cheap nonnative seeded species rapidly increased in cover. Our results suggest the differential benefits of commonly implemented treatments aimed at reducing wildfire risk, improving wildlife habitat and forage, and reducing erosion. Given the growing need and cost of restoration and rehabilitation, we raise the importance of specifying treatment budgets and objectives, coupled with effectiveness monitoring, to improve future outcomes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2151","usgsCitation":"Munson, S.M., Yackulic, E.O., Bair, L.S., Copeland, S.M., and Gunnell, K.L., 2020, The biggest bang for the buck: Cost‐effective vegetation treatment outcomes across drylands of the western United States: Ecological Applications, v. 30, no. 7, e02151, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2151.","productDescription":"e02151, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110179","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Ethan O. eyackulic@contractor.usgs.gov","contributorId":248716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Ethan","email":"eyackulic@contractor.usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":809733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bair, Lucas S. 0000-0002-9911-3624 lbair@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-3624","contributorId":5270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bair","given":"Lucas","email":"lbair@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Copeland, Stella M. 0000-0001-6707-4803 scopeland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-4803","contributorId":169538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Stella","email":"scopeland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gunnell, Kevin L. 0000-0003-4157-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-7140","contributorId":214119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gunnell","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":38982,"text":"Great Basin Research Center, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Ephraim, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209315,"text":"sir20205023 - 2020 - Distribution of selected hydrogeologic characteristics of the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-01T19:44:37.604527","indexId":"sir20205023","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T14:05:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5023","displayTitle":"Distribution of Selected Hydrogeologic Characteristics of the Upper Glacial and Magothy Aquifers, Long Island, New York","title":"Distribution of selected hydrogeologic characteristics of the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"

The Pleistocene- and Cretaceous-age sediments underlying Long Island, New York, compose an important sole-source aquifer system that is nearly 2,000 feet thick in some areas. Sediment characteristics of importance for water supply include water-transmitting properties—horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity—and the distribution of lignite, which provides an important control on oxygen-reduction (redox) conditions and water quality, in Cretaceous-age aquifers. Several decades of urbanization and the associated need to meet water demand have generated abundant data on the lithology of the aquifer sediments and the potential for an improved regional-scale understanding of this aquifer system. There is a range in the source and quality of the information, but large amounts of data, even of lesser quality, can yield insight into important aquifer characteristics.

The distribution of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and the probability of occurrence of lignite and clay in the aquifer were developed for this study from a database of drilling records and geophysical logs. Lithologic descriptions were categorized into a set of standardized codes, which in turn, were aggregated into a set of general codes for the Pleistocene-age upper glacial and Cretaceous-age Magothy aquifers. General values of hydraulic conductivity were assigned to each code from published estimates on Long Island and analogous hydrogeologic environments on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. A binary value of 1 or 0 was assigned to each coded interval to indicate the presence or absence of lignite or based on keywords in the lithologic descriptions. This information was assembled into a geographic information system database that was queried sequentially and used to develop gridded values of each aquifer characteristic by use of ordinary kriging for a set of grids, each representing 10-foot-thick planar slices for the entire vertical thickness of each aquifer. These sets of grids, taken as a whole, represent a quasi-three-dimensional representation of each aquifer characteristic in both the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers.

The analysis of hydraulic conductivity shows patterns that generally reflect known depositional features of each unit and are consistent with the current understanding of the geology of the aquifers. Spatial patterns in the upper glacial aquifer show contrasts in estimated hydraulic conductivity: lower values occur in inland areas and likely are associated with glacial moraines; higher values generally occur to the south in association with glacial outwash. Higher values of hydraulic conductivity in the Magothy aquifer, which resulted from deltaic deposition, generally occur in the basal parts of the unit, are associated with channel-lag deposits and are found in parts of the aquifer known for large well yields. Lower values of hydraulic conductivity generally occur in middle parts of the aquifer associated with deposition in overbank and wetland environments. The probability of lignite occurrence is highest in this same vertical zone of the Magothy aquifer, consistent with deposition in wetland environments. The probability of lignite occurrence generally is highest along the southern shore of the island. Lignite occurrence generally is consistent with water-quality patterns; water quality in these same areas indicate chemically reducing conditions and redox-related iron biofouling commonly occurs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Walter, D.A., and Finkelstein, J.S., 2020, Distribution of selected hydrogeologic characteristics of the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5023, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205023.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 21 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-111547","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377889,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P954DLLC","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Aquifer texture data describing the Long Island aquifer system"},{"id":377890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5023/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":377891,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5023/sir20205023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5023"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.11926269531249,\n 40.49291502689579\n ],\n [\n -71.85058593749999,\n 40.49291502689579\n ],\n [\n -71.7681884765625,\n 41.269549502842565\n ],\n [\n -74.11926269531249,\n 41.10832999732831\n ],\n [\n -74.11926269531249,\n 40.49291502689579\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelstein, Jason S. 0000-0002-7496-7236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7496-7236","contributorId":202452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"Jason S.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214554,"text":"70214554 - 2020 - Selecting three components of ground motions from Conditional Spectra for multiple stripe analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T14:18:19.76869","indexId":"70214554","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T12:03:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Selecting three components of ground motions from Conditional Spectra for multiple stripe analyses","docAbstract":"

For complex structures where the seismic response depends appreciably on the vertical (V) component of ground motion (GM) (e.g., base-isolated buildings, long-span bridges, dams, nuclear power plants), incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is commonly utilized to estimate seismic risk, where the V components of GM are selected and scaled based on the corresponding horizontal (H) components. The resulting seismic risk (e.g., fragility estimates, annual rates of failure) will likely be significantly biased when the scale factors in IDA are very large. As an alternative to IDA, multiple stripe analyses (MSA) with GMs for each stripe selected from the Conditional Spectrum (CS) can be used to estimate the seismic risk; however, the V components are still commonly selected and scaled based on the corresponding H components. Consequently, these V components may still be inconsistent relative to the corresponding target hazard, again yielding biased estimates of seismic risk. To improve the accuracy of seismic risk estimates, we extend the CS to include the V component of GM and present an approach to select multicomponent GMs that are hazard consistent with respect to all three components of GM. Using the target and the GM selection approach developed in this study, we then evaluate typical current practice for selecting and scaling V components of GM. We observe that the latter approach can yield hazard-inconsistent multicomponent GMs, but hazard consistency can be improved by including the V component in the selection process, constraining the scale factors, or widening the period range for selecting GMs.

","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 17th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","language":"English","publisher":"Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering","usgsCitation":"Kwong, N.S., Jaiswal, K.S., Luco, N., and Baker, J.W., 2020, Selecting three components of ground motions from Conditional Spectra for multiple stripe analyses, in Proceedings of the 17th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115998","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.17wcee.jp/program.php#a_proceedings"},{"id":378961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kwong, N. Simon 0000-0003-3017-9585","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3017-9585","contributorId":241863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwong","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Simon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor S. 0000-0002-5803-8007 kjaiswal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-8007","contributorId":149796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, J. W. 0000-0003-2744-9599","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2744-9599","contributorId":198187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228502,"text":"70228502 - 2020 - Fort Peck paddlefish population survival and abundance in the Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T17:08:46.71916","indexId":"70228502","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T11:01:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fort Peck paddlefish population survival and abundance in the Missouri River","docAbstract":"

Excessive fishing pressure can induce population declines or complete collapse of fisheries. Unless commercial and recreational fisheries for K-selected fishes, or those with slow growth and late maturation, are carefully managed, declines in abundance or fishery collapse is probable. Paddlefish Polyodon spathula,are a K-selected species that experienced historical declines in abundance as a result of habitat degradation and overfishing. Mark-recapture studies are well-suited for long-lived fishes by providing information on population density and vital rates. For sustainable commercial or recreational fisheries targeting species such as the paddlefish, managers require accurate estimates of population vital rates including survival, abundance, and exploitation. We used a Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (MFWP) mark-recapture dataset and modified Jolly-Seber (POPAN) models to estimate survival, recapture, probability of entry, and abundance of 8,518 tagged paddlefish over a 25-year period. With many supporting estimates including stable survival (0.92 for females, mean of 0.82 for males), low exploitation rates (means of 2.6% for females and 2.9% for males), and stable abundance estimates (25-year mean of 12,309 individuals for both sexes), the Fort Peck paddlefish population appears to be stable and well-managed over the past 25 years. Presently, this is the only study focused on paddlefish in North America that has estimated survival and abundance for both male and female paddlefish using contemporary analyses. This research provided a unique opportunity to highlight that the effort exerted by management agencies to collect long-term field data is extremely useful to our understanding of fish populations and management.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jai.14067","usgsCitation":"Glassic, H., Guy, C.S., Rotella, J.J., Nagel, C.J., Schmetterling, D.A., and Dalbey, S.R., 2020, Fort Peck paddlefish population survival and abundance in the Missouri River: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 36, no. 5, p. 559-567, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.14067.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"567","ipdsId":"IP-117176","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.14067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Fort Peck Reservoir, Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.39984130859374,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -106.51519775390625,\n 48.026672195436014\n ],\n [\n -106.66900634765625,\n 47.964180715412276\n ],\n [\n -106.67449951171875,\n 47.868459093342956\n ],\n [\n -106.78985595703124,\n 47.80577611936809\n ],\n [\n -107.00958251953125,\n 47.75779097897638\n ],\n [\n -107.0123291015625,\n 47.70976154266637\n ],\n [\n -107.26226806640625,\n 47.69867153529717\n ],\n [\n -107.3583984375,\n 47.74486433470359\n ],\n [\n -107.4627685546875,\n 47.700520033704954\n ],\n [\n -107.46551513671875,\n 47.645036570200226\n ],\n [\n -107.51220703125,\n 47.66723703450518\n ],\n [\n -107.74841308593749,\n 47.68573021131587\n ],\n [\n -107.8912353515625,\n 47.5394554474239\n ],\n [\n -107.91046142578125,\n 47.58023129789275\n ],\n [\n -108.05877685546875,\n 47.622826666563675\n ],\n [\n -108.424072265625,\n 47.633932798340716\n ],\n [\n -108.687744140625,\n 47.64133557512159\n ],\n [\n -108.7042236328125,\n 47.61727271567975\n ],\n [\n -108.39385986328125,\n 47.56355410390806\n ],\n [\n -108.1988525390625,\n 47.56911375866714\n ],\n [\n -108.050537109375,\n 47.56540738772852\n ],\n [\n -107.9571533203125,\n 47.53389264528655\n ],\n [\n -108.0010986328125,\n 47.454094290400015\n ],\n [\n -107.90771484375,\n 47.37417465983494\n ],\n [\n -107.81982421874999,\n 47.46337939935778\n ],\n [\n -107.8363037109375,\n 47.51349065484327\n ],\n [\n -107.74841308593749,\n 47.52461999690651\n ],\n [\n -107.68524169921875,\n 47.59690318115471\n ],\n [\n -107.56439208984375,\n 47.62467785241324\n ],\n [\n -107.41333007812499,\n 47.570966845786124\n ],\n [\n -107.38311767578124,\n 47.646886969413\n ],\n [\n -107.2869873046875,\n 47.633932798340716\n ],\n [\n -107.0892333984375,\n 47.59875528481801\n ],\n [\n -106.9244384765625,\n 47.56540738772852\n ],\n [\n -106.7266845703125,\n 47.645036570200226\n ],\n [\n -106.55914306640625,\n 47.700520033704954\n ],\n [\n -106.47125244140625,\n 47.85740289465826\n ],\n [\n -106.3751220703125,\n 47.73747623919626\n ],\n [\n -106.32843017578125,\n 47.62467785241324\n ],\n [\n -106.3201904296875,\n 47.5264746577327\n ],\n [\n -106.270751953125,\n 47.50050343862717\n ],\n [\n -106.19384765625,\n 47.54501765940571\n ],\n [\n -106.16912841796875,\n 47.60245929546312\n ],\n [\n -106.1993408203125,\n 47.80393135603966\n ],\n [\n -106.2652587890625,\n 47.938426929481054\n ],\n [\n -106.31469726562499,\n 48.011975126709956\n ],\n [\n -106.34765625,\n 48.03769224746972\n ],\n [\n -106.39984130859374,\n 48.03401915864286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glassic, Hayley C.","contributorId":243051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glassic","given":"Hayley C.","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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