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,{"id":70012320,"text":"70012320 - 1980 - A comparison of artifical and natural slope failures: the Santa Barbara earthquake of August 13, 1978.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:07","indexId":"70012320","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1154,"text":"California Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of artifical and natural slope failures: the Santa Barbara earthquake of August 13, 1978.","docAbstract":"The earthquake triggered rockfalls and rockslides from steep road cuts and coastal cliffs. The landslide reconnaissance survey which was carried out is described, with separate comments on each landslide site recorded. The general regional slope response to the earthquake is briefly considered. -R. House","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00264555","usgsCitation":"Harp, E.L., Keefer, D.K., and Wilson, R.C., 1980, A comparison of artifical and natural slope failures: the Santa Barbara earthquake of August 13, 1978.: California Geology, v. 33, no. 5, p. 102-105.","startPage":"102","endPage":"105","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e356e4b0c8380cd45f97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keefer, D. K.","contributorId":21176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, R. C.","contributorId":50889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012319,"text":"70012319 - 1980 - Late Wisconsin and Holocene tectonic stability of the United States mid-Atlantic coastal region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T22:55:38.762234","indexId":"70012319","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Wisconsin and Holocene tectonic stability of the United States mid-Atlantic coastal region","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15739272\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Deposits that formed in the intertidal zone during sea-level rise 12,000 to 9,000 yr ago have undergone very little differential vertical deformation in the area between New York City and South Carolina. The lack of north-south vertical deformation contrasts with tide-gauge and with precise leveling measurements that have been used to indicate that considerable differential vertical movement is occurring along the coast. Probably, present rates of deformation cannot be extrapolated to early Holocene. Depths of dated in-place intertidal deposits and estimates that suggest the U.S. mid-Atlantic shelf was downwarped during Holocene glacio-isostatic adjustment are used to indicate that eustatic sea levels were not substantially below 30 m depth about 12,000 yr B.P.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<534:LWAHTS>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Blackwelder, B.W., 1980, Late Wisconsin and Holocene tectonic stability of the United States mid-Atlantic coastal region: Geology, v. 8, no. 11, p. 534-537, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<534:LWAHTS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"537","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4540e4b0c8380cd67170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackwelder, B. W.","contributorId":104136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwelder","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012318,"text":"70012318 - 1980 - Debris-flow deposits of Early Miocene age, Deadman Stream, Marlborough, New Zealand.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:06","indexId":"70012318","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Debris-flow deposits of Early Miocene age, Deadman Stream, Marlborough, New Zealand.","docAbstract":"Detailed analysis is presented of a conformable succession of conglomerates and sandstones lying between massive marine mudstones. The coarse sediments reflect deposition by a spectrum of subaqueous debris-flow mechanisms during an early pulse of tectonism that ultimately resulted in Plio-Pleistocene eversion of the Kaikoura Mountains. Sparse pebbly mudstones and rare sandy conglomerates show disoriented clasts and reflect high-viscosity flows and slurry- creep flow mechanisms. Other deposits have little mud matrix, hence appear to reflect low-viscosity flow processes. Common sorted sandstones and some conglomeratic sandstones show diffuse parallel lamination. Other conglomeratic sandstones show trough cross-bedding which we attribute to entrained bedload movement during intersurge episodes of debris flow. - from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(80)90032-9","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Lewis, D., Laird, M., and Powell, R., 1980, Debris-flow deposits of Early Miocene age, Deadman Stream, Marlborough, New Zealand.: Sedimentary Geology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 83-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90032-9.","startPage":"83","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205179,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90032-9"},{"id":222006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdf7e4b0c8380cd4ea36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, D.W.","contributorId":49108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laird, M.G.","contributorId":34264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laird","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, R.D.","contributorId":74015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012228,"text":"70012228 - 1980 - Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012228","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3570,"text":"The Moon and the Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume","docAbstract":"During the Martian landings the descent engine plumes on Viking Lander 1 (VL-1) and Viking Lander 2 (VL-2) eroded the Martian surface materials. This had been anticipated and investigated both analytically and experimentally during the design phase of the Viking spacecraft. This paper presents data on erosion obtained during the tests of the Viking descent engine and the evidence for erosion by the descent engines of VL-1 and VL-2 on Mars. From these and other results, it is concluded that there are four distinct surface materials on Mars: (1) drift material, (2) crusty to cloddy material, (3) blocky material, and (4) rock. ?? 1980 D. Reidel Publishing Co.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Moon and the Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00902045","issn":"01650807","usgsCitation":"Hutton, R., Moore, H., Scott, R., Shorthill, R., and Spitzer, C., 1980, Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume: The Moon and the Planets, v. 23, no. 3, p. 293-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00902045.","startPage":"293","endPage":"305","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205263,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902045"},{"id":222584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fa8e4b08c986b31e762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutton, R.E.","contributorId":102623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, R.F.","contributorId":95161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shorthill, R.W.","contributorId":20321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shorthill","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spitzer, C.R.","contributorId":91990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitzer","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70012229,"text":"70012229 - 1980 - Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012229","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3118,"text":"Primates","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus","docAbstract":"The very large Eurasian Miocene ape Indopithecus giganteus is distinct from contemporanious Sivapithecus (non-Dryopithecus)indicus. The probabilities that length and width for the only specimen of I. giganteus could be sampled from populations similar or identical to those of S. indicus are less than six chances in 100,000 for both parameters. ?? 1980 Japan Monkey Centre.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Primates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02373847","issn":"00328332","usgsCitation":"Madden, C., and Lewis, G., 1980, Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus: Primates, v. 21, no. 4, p. 572-576, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373847.","startPage":"572","endPage":"576","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205264,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373847"},{"id":222585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3aa5e4b0c8380cd61e5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madden, C.T.","contributorId":84508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, G.E.","contributorId":107747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012227,"text":"70012227 - 1980 - Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012227","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2956,"text":"Oregon Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.","docAbstract":"A summary of the stratigraphic occurrence of the Miocene molluscan faunas exposed in marine sandstone seacliffs on the SW Oregon coast. The more common and biostratigraphically significant species are illustrated. - Philip Harris","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oregon Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01643304","usgsCitation":"Adicott, W., 1980, Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.: Oregon Geology, v. 42, no. 5, p. 87-97.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b3fe4b0c8380cd6f437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adicott, W.O.","contributorId":54346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adicott","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012291,"text":"70012291 - 1980 - Measurement of irrigated acreage in Western Kansas from LANDSAT images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012291","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of irrigated acreage in Western Kansas from LANDSAT images","docAbstract":"In the past four decades, irrigated acreage in western Kansas has increased rapidly. Optimum utilization of vital groundwater supplies requires implementation of long-term water-management programs. One important variable in such programs is up-to-date information on acreage under irrigation. Conventional ground survey methods of estimating irrigated acreage are too slow to be of maximum use in water-management programs. Visual interpretation of LANDSAT images permits more rapid measurement of irrigated acreage, but procedures are tedious and still relatively slow. For example, using a LANDSAT false-color composite image in areas of western Kansas with few landmarks, it is impossible to keep track of fields by examination under low-power microscope. Irrigated fields are more easily delineated on a photographically enlarged false-color composite and are traced on an overlay for measurement. Interpretation and measurement required 6 weeks for a four-county (3140 mi2, 8133 km2) test area. Video image-analysis equipment permits rapid measurement of irrigated acreage. Spectral response of irrigated summer crops in western Kansas on MSS band 5 (visible red, 0.6-0.7 ??m) images is low in contrast to high response from harvested and fallow fields and from common soil types. Therefore, irrigated acreage in western Kansas can be uniquely discriminated by video image analysis. The area of irrigated crops in a given area of view is measured directly. Sources of error are small in western Kansas. After preliminary preparation of the images, the time required to measure irrigated acreage was 1 h per county (average area, 876 ml2 or 2269 km2). ?? 1980 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02473477","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Keene, K., and Conley, C., 1980, Measurement of irrigated acreage in Western Kansas from LANDSAT images: Environmental Geology, v. 3, no. 2, p. 107-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473477.","startPage":"107","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205265,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02473477"},{"id":222586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a530be4b0c8380cd6c846","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keene, K.M.","contributorId":63171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keene","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conley, C.D.","contributorId":51888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conley","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012290,"text":"70012290 - 1980 - Stable isotope variations in the Quaternary epithermal calcite-fluorite deposit at Monte delle Fate near Cerveteri (Latium, central Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:03","indexId":"70012290","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope variations in the Quaternary epithermal calcite-fluorite deposit at Monte delle Fate near Cerveteri (Latium, central Italy)","docAbstract":"Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotope variations have been measured in samples from the epithermal fluorite vein deposit at Monte delle Fate, Latium. The ranges in ?? 13C and ??18O of calcite are -1.3 to 3.4 and 9.5 to 17.3, respectively. ??D values of water extracted from fluid inclusions are -49 to -39 for calcite and -41 to -34 for fluorite. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures (225??-240??C) and salinites (3.75) are nearly the same for both fluorite and sparry calcite. An elongated form of calcite, of minor abundance, precipitated at lower temperatures. The data indicate that (1) the CO2 involved in the mineralization was provided by the local marine limestones, (2) the waters were meteoric in origin and underwent an 18O shift of ??? 10 permil by exchange with marine country rocks, and (3) all geochemical features can be explained by the action of two hydrothermal fluids. Hot brines recently discovered in the Cesano geothermal area, 30 km to the east, have temperatures and some chemical characteristics similar to the hydrothermal fluids at Monte delle Fate. ?? 1980 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00202843","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Masi, U., and O’Neil, J.R., 1980, Stable isotope variations in the Quaternary epithermal calcite-fluorite deposit at Monte delle Fate near Cerveteri (Latium, central Italy): Mineralium Deposita, v. 15, no. 1, p. 41-45, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202843.","startPage":"41","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205255,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202843"},{"id":222531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9680e4b08c986b31b550","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masi, U.","contributorId":34654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012145,"text":"70012145 - 1980 - Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T22:33:02.671425","indexId":"70012145","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence","docAbstract":"<p>Climatic affinities of modern genera represented by late Eocene sporomorphs suggest that the climate of that time in southeastern United States was winter-dry tropical close to the Gulf of Mexico and marginal humid subtropical on the upper Coastal Plain. Lack of change of the sporomorph assemblages suggests that the climate of southeastern United States did not change appreciably from late in the middle Eocene until nearly the end of the Eocene. Then the climate rapidly became cooler and perhaps drier, a regime that persisted into the early Oligocene.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Paleontology Society","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., 1980, Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence: Journal of Paleontology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 728-739.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"728","endPage":"739","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/jpaleontol/article/54/4/728/81445/Mid-Tertiary-climate-of-southeastern-United-States"},{"id":222464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56b1e4b0c8380cd6d769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012218,"text":"70012218 - 1980 - Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T10:33:28","indexId":"70012218","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors","docAbstract":"<p>Nearly all Hawaiian basaltic lava erupts as pahoehoe, and some changes to aa during flowage and cooling; factors governing the transition involve certain critical relations between viscosity and rate of shear strain. If the lava slows, cools, and stops in direct response to concomitant increase in viscosity before these critical relations are reached, it remains pahoehoe. But, if flow mechanics (flow rate, flow dimensions, slope, momentum, etc.) impel the lava to continue to move and deform even after it has become highly viscous, the critical relations may be reached and the lava changes to aa.</p><p>Typical modes of transition from pahoehoe to aa include: (1) spontaneous formation of relatively stiff clots in parts of the flowing lava where shear rate is highest; these clots grow into discrete, rough, sticky masses to which the remaining fluid lava incrementally adheres; (2) fragmentation and immersion of solid or semi-solid surface crusts of pahoehoe by roiling movements of the flow, forming cores of discrete, tacky masses; (3) sudden renewed movement of lava stored and cooled within surface reservoirs to form clots. The masses, fragments, and clots in these transition modes are characterized by spinose, granulated surfaces; as flow movement continues, the masses and fragments aggregate, fracture, and grind together, completing the transition to aa.</p><p>Observations show that the critical relation between viscosity and rate of shear strain is inverse: if viscosity is low, a high rate of shear is required to begin the transition to aa; conversely, if viscosity is high, a much lower rate of shear will induce the transition. These relations can be demonstrated qualitatively with simple graphs, which can be used to examine the flow history of any selected finite lava element by tracing the path represented by its changing viscosity and shear rate. A broad, diffuse “transition threshold zone” in these graphs portrays the inverse critical relation between viscosity and shear rate; the transition to aa is represented by the path of the lava element crossing this zone.</p><p>Moving lava flows can be regarded as natural viscometers, by which shear stress and rate of shear strain at selected points can be determined and viscosity can be computed. By making such determinations under a wide range of conditions on pahoehoe, aa, and transitional flow types, the critical relations that control the pahoehoe-aa transition can be quantified.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-0273(80)90033-5","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.W., and Tilling, R.I., 1980, Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 271-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(80)90033-5.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"293","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":" Kilauea Volcano","volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb710e4b08c986b327039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Donald W.","contributorId":11209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":363011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012277,"text":"70012277 - 1980 - Geophysical investigations in deep horizontal holes drilled ahead of tunnelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T13:26:29","indexId":"70012277","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical investigations in deep horizontal holes drilled ahead of tunnelling","docAbstract":"Deep horizontal drill holes have been used since 1967 by the Defense Nuclear Agency as a primary exploration tool for siting nuclear events in tunnels at the Nevada Test Site. The U.S. Geological Survey had developed geophysical logging techniques for obtaining resistivity and velocity in these holes, and to date 33 horizontal drill holes in excess of 300 m in depth have been successfully logged. The deepest hole was drilled to a horizontal depth of 1125 m. The purposes of the logging measurements are to define clay zones, because of the unstable ground conditions such zones can present to tunnelling, and to define zones of partially saturated rock, because of the attenuating effects such zones have on the shock wave generated by the nuclear detonation. Excessive attenuation is undesirable because the shock wave is used as a tunnel closure mechanism to contain debris and other undesirable explosion products. Measurements are made by pumping resistivity, sonic and geophone probes down the drill string and out of the bit into the open hole. Clay zones are defined by the electrical resistivity technique based on empirical data relating the magnitude of the resistivity measurement to qualitative clay content. Rock exhibiting resistivity of less than 20 ??-m is considered potentially unstable, and resistivities less than 10 ??-m indicate appreciable amounts of clay are present in the rock. Partially saturated rock zones are defined by the measurement of the rock sound speed. Zones in the rock which exhibit velocities less than 2450 m/sec are considered of potential concern. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0148-9062(80)90261-2","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Carroll, R.D., and Cunningham, M., 1980, Geophysical investigations in deep horizontal holes drilled ahead of tunnelling: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 17, no. 2, p. 89-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(80)90261-2.","productDescription":"p.89-107","startPage":"89","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":265948,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(80)90261-2"},{"id":222345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a282ee4b0c8380cd59edc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carroll, R. D.","contributorId":53373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carroll","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, M.J.","contributorId":106261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012435,"text":"70012435 - 1980 - The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012435","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Kilauea volcano began to erupt on September 13, 1977, after a 21.5-month period of quiescence. Harmonic tremor in the upper and central east rift zone and rapid deflation of the summit area occurred for 22 hours before the outbreak of surface activity. On the first night, spatter ramparts formed along a discontinuous, en-echelon, 5.5-km-long fissure system that trends N70??E between two prehistoric cones, Kalalua and Puu Kauka. Activity soon became concentrated at a central vent that erupted sporadically until September 23 and extruded flows that moved a maximum distance of 2.5 km to the east. On September 18, new spatter ramparts began forming west of Kalalua, extending to 7 km the length of the new vent system. A vent near the center of this latest fissure became the locus of sustained fountaining and continued to extrude spatter and short flows intermittently until September 20. The most voluminous phase of the eruption began late on September 25. A discontinuous spatter rampart formed along a 700-m segment near the center of the new, 7-km-long fissure system; within 24 hours activity became concentrated at the east end of this segment. One flow from the 35-m-high cone that formed at this site moved rapidly southeast and eventually reached an area 10 km from the vent and 700 m from the nearest house in the evacuated village of Kalapana. We estimate the total volume of material produced during this 18-day eruption to be 35 ?? 106 m3. Samples from active vents and flows are differentiated quartz-normative tholeiitic basalt, similar in composition to lavas erupted from Kilauea in 1955 and 1962. Plagioclase is the only significant phenocryst; augite, minor olivine, and rare orthopyroxene and opaque oxides accompany it as microphenocrysts. Sulfide globules occur in fresh glass and as inclusions in phenocrysts in early 1977 lavas; their absence in chemically-similar basalt from the later phases of the eruption suggests that more extensive intratelluric degassing occurred as the eruption proceeded. Bulk composition of lavas varied somewhat during the eruption, but the last basalt produced also is differentiated, suggesting that the magma withdrawn from the summit reservoir during the rapid deflation has not yet been erupted. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Helz, R., Dzurisin, D., Eaton, G.P., Koyanagi, R.Y., Lipman, P.W., Lockwood, J.P., and Puniwai, G.S., 1980, The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 189-210.","startPage":"189","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba626e4b08c986b320f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helz, Rosalind Tuthill 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":16806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind Tuthill","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dzurisin, D.","contributorId":76067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eaton, G. P.","contributorId":86334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koyanagi, R. Y.","contributorId":35719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koyanagi","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lockwood, J. P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Puniwai, G. S.","contributorId":48588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puniwai","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70012219,"text":"70012219 - 1980 - Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:48:37.840047","indexId":"70012219","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene)","docAbstract":"<p><span>During the Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation, about 15,000–13,000 yr B.P., a lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet occupied the Puget lowland of western Washington. At its maximum extent about 14,000 yr ago, the ice sheet extended across the Puget lowland between the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains and terminated about 80 km south of Seattle. Meltwater streams drained southwest to the Pacific Ocean and built broad outwash trains south of the ice margin. Reconstructed longitudinal profiles for the Puget lobe at its maximum extent are similar to the modern profile of Malaspina Glacier, Alaska, suggesting that the ice sheet may have been in a near-equilibrium state at the glacial maximum. Progressive northward retreat from the terminal zone was accompanied by the development of ice-marginal streams and proglacial lakes that drained southward during initial retreat, but northward during late Vashon time. Relatively rapid retreat of the Juan de Fuca lobe may have contributed to partial stagnation of the northwestern part of the Puget lobe. Final destruction of the Puget lobe occurred when the ice retreated north of Admiralty Inlet. The sea entered the Puget lowland at this time, allowing the deposition of glacial-marine sediments which now occur as high as 50 m altitude. These deposits, together with ice-marginal meltwater channels presumed to have formed above sea level during deglaciation, suggest that a significant amount of postglacial isostatic and(or) tectonic deformation has occurred in the Puget lowland since deglaciation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90059-9","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Thorson, R., 1980, Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene): Quaternary Research, v. 13, no. 3, p. 303-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90059-9.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"321","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget lowland, western Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.12087070552147,\n              48.27218726718516\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.12087070552147,\n              47.13545914239012\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.71374171000068,\n              47.13545914239012\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.71374171000068,\n              48.27218726718516\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.12087070552147,\n              48.27218726718516\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37f5e4b0c8380cd61300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorson, R.M.","contributorId":74132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012217,"text":"70012217 - 1980 - Remote sensing of snow and ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T16:09:47.239752","indexId":"70012217","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1926,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of snow and ice","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monitoring of snow and ice on the Earth's surface will require increasing use of satellite remote sensing techniques. These techniques are evolving rapidly. Active and passive sensors operating in the visible, near infrared, thermal infrared, and microwave wavelengths are described in regard to general applications and in regard to specific USA or USSR satellites. Meteorological satellites (frequent images of relatively crude resolution) and Earth resources satellites such as Landsat (less frequent images of higher resolution) have been used to monitor the areal extent of seasonal snow, but problems exist with cloud cover or dense forest canopies. Snow mass (water equivalent) can be measured from a low-flying aircraft using natural radioactivity, but cannot yet be measured from satellite altitudes. A combination of active and passive microwave sensors may permit this kind of measurement, but not until more is known about radiation scattering in snow. Satellite observations are very useful in glacier inventories, correcting maps of glacier extent, estimating certain mass balance parameters, and monitoring calving or surging glaciers. Ground ice is virtually impossible to monitor from satellites; ice on rivers and lakes can be monitored only with very high-resolution sensors. Microwave sensors, due to their all-weather capability (the ability to see through clouds) provide exciting data on sea ice distribution. Analysis of digital tapes of satellite data requires the archiving and scanning of huge amounts of data. Simple methods for extracting quantitative data from satellite images are described.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668009491937","issn":"03036936","usgsCitation":"Meier, M.F., 1980, Remote sensing of snow and ice: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, v. 25, no. 3, p. 307-330, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa704e4b0c8380cd8519b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, M. F.","contributorId":98713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012212,"text":"70012212 - 1980 - Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T00:47:22.727315","indexId":"70012212","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12457976\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The distribution of lithofacies in the New Albany Shale Group of Illinois was determined by wave energy, bottom oxygenation, and bottom topography in a deep water stratified anoxic basin. A transect from the margin to the center of the Illinois Basin reveals a complete transition from high energy, aerobic, shallow-water environments to quiet, anaerobic, deep-water environments. Shallow areas at the margin of the basin are characterized by rapid facies transitions over short distances. High energy, very shallow conditions are recorded by oolitic-skeletal grainstones and packstones with abundant brachiopods, crinoids, trilobites, and other calcified marine invertebrates. Bioturbation did not destroy primary sedimentary structures in these facies. Offshore, less agitated areas are represented by highly bioturbated carbonate wackestones, argillaceous quartz siltstones, and greenish-gray mudstones. Calcified invertebrates are generally rare in these facies, indicating deposition in dysaerobic conditions. Basinward, slope areas are characterized by olive-gray to black, weakly bioturbated shales commonly interbedded with thickly laminated black shales. Trace fossils, including Zoophycos, Chondrites , and Planolites , are abundant along the bases of the olive-gray beds. In areas where the anaerobic/dysaerobic boundary intersected the bottom slope, slight fluctuations of the position of the boundary resulted in thin interbedding of olive-gray and black shales and laterally persistent interfingering of the two lithologies. Anaerobic conditions prevailed during most of New Albany time in the deepest areas of the basin, and finely laminated, undisturbed, pelagic black shales were deposited.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM","doi":"10.1306/212F7AE0-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Cluff, R., 1980, Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 50, no. 3, p. 767-780, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F7AE0-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222398,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73dee4b0c8380cd772c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cluff, R.M.","contributorId":53948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cluff","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012211,"text":"70012211 - 1980 - Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T21:38:39","indexId":"70012211","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2869,"text":"New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.","docAbstract":"White evaporite encrustations collected from 66 sites scattered over 30 000km2 of S.Antarctic Peninsula are dominantly gypsum and calcite, and subordinate aragonite and thenardite. Natrojarosite occurs as locally developed yellow surface stains on c30% of the white encrustations examined. Water, which forms by the melting of snow blown into cracks in highly fractured rocks by ground blizzards, dissolves soluble ions from minerals in these rocks as it percolates into them. The white encrustations appear to be deposited when this water later rises to the surface by capillary action and evaporates.-from Author Antarctica chemical weathering evaporites sulphide oxidation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121","usgsCitation":"Vennum, W., 1980, Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, v. 23, no. 4, p. 499-505, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121.","startPage":"499","endPage":"505","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268055,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121"},{"id":222397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d14e4b0c8380cd52dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vennum, W.R.","contributorId":48623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vennum","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012202,"text":"70012202 - 1980 - Volcanic rocks cored on hess rise, Western Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:08","indexId":"70012202","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic rocks cored on hess rise, Western Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Large aseismic rises and plateaus in the western Pacific include the Ontong-Java Plateau, Magellan Rise, Shatsky Rise, Mid-Pacific Mountains, and Hess Rise. These are relatively old features that rise above surrounding sea floors as bathymetric highs. Thick sequences of carbonate sediments overlie, what are believed to be, Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous volcanic pedestals. We discuss here petrological and tectonic implications of data from volcanic rocks cored on Hess Rise. The data suggest that Hess Rise originated at a spreading centre in the late early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian stages). Subsequent off-ridge volcanism in the late Albian-early Cenomanian stages built a large archipelago of oceanic islands and seamounts composed, at least in part, of alkalic rocks. The volcanic platform subsided during its northward passage through the mid-Cretaceousequatorial zone. Faulting and uplift, and possibly volcanism, occurred in the latest Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian stages). Since then, Hess Rise continued its northward movement and subsidence. Volcanic rocks from holes drilled on Hess Rise during IPOD Leg 62 (Fig. 1) are briefly described here and we relate the petrological data to the origin and evolution of that rise. These are the first volcanic rocks reported from Hess Rise. ?? 1980 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/286048a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Vallier, T., Windom, K., Seifert, K., and Thiede, J., 1980, Volcanic rocks cored on hess rise, Western Pacific Ocean: Nature, v. 286, no. 5768, p. 48-50, https://doi.org/10.1038/286048a0.","startPage":"48","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205221,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/286048a0"},{"id":222293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"286","issue":"5768","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc305e4b08c986b32aef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallier, T.L.","contributorId":69526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Windom, K.E.","contributorId":22496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windom","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seifert, K.E.","contributorId":88084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seifert","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thiede, Jorn","contributorId":88085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiede","given":"Jorn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70012201,"text":"70012201 - 1980 - Regional tilt patterns of Late Cenozoic basin-range fault blocks, western United States.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T11:46:49","indexId":"70012201","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional tilt patterns of Late Cenozoic basin-range fault blocks, western United States.","docAbstract":"The pattern of tilt domains is characterized by transverse zones or boundaries, parallel to the extension direction, and by antiformal (tilts away from) and synformal (tilts toward) boundaries at right angles to the extension direction. Tilting of ranges averages about 15o to 20o in Nevada and Utah and indicates extension of about 20% to 30% for the entire Great Basin region. -from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1980)91<460:RTPOLC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J., 1980, Regional tilt patterns of Late Cenozoic basin-range fault blocks, western United States.: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 91, no. 8 pt 1, p. 460-464, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1980)91<460:RTPOLC>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"460","endPage":"464","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268125,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1980)91<460:RTPOLC>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":222246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"8 pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a590e4b0e8fec6cdbe6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":14383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012199,"text":"70012199 - 1980 - Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T20:02:51.822504","indexId":"70012199","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2245,"text":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase","docAbstract":"<p><span>Emission spectra of the cations of 2,5- and 3,5-difluorophenol, of 2,3,4- and 2,4,5-trifluorophenol, of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol and of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol have been obtained in the gas phase using low-energy electron beam excitation. The band systems are assigned to the&nbsp;</span><i>B̃</i><span>(π</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) →&nbsp;</span><i>X̃</i><span>(π</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) electronic transitions of these cations by reference to photoelectron spectroscopic data. The He(Iα) photoelectron spectra and the ionisation energies of ten fluoro-substituted phenols are reported. The symmetries of the four lowest electronic states of these cations are inferred from the radiative decay studies. The lifetimes of the lowest vibrational levels of the&nbsp;</span><i>B̃</i><span>(π</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) state of the six fluoro-substituted phenol cations above have also been measured.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0368-2048(80)80031-4","issn":"03682048","usgsCitation":"Maier, J.P., Marthaler, O., Mohraz, M., and Shiley, R., 1980, Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, v. 19, no. 1, p. 11-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(80)80031-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08fce4b0c8380cd51d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, John Paul","contributorId":61166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marthaler, O.","contributorId":89663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marthaler","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohraz, Manijeh","contributorId":26444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohraz","given":"Manijeh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shiley, R.H.","contributorId":44282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiley","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70012198,"text":"70012198 - 1980 - Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T12:33:50","indexId":"70012198","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule","docAbstract":"Previous studies of crude oil degradation by water washing and bacterial attack have documented the operation of these processes in many different petroleum basins of the world. Crude oil degradation substantially alters the chemical and physical makeup of a crude oil, changing a light paraffinic low-S \"mature\" crude to a heavy naphthenic or asphalt base, \"immature appearing\" high-S crude. Rough calculations carried out in the present study using experimentally determined solubility data of petroleum in water give insight into the possible magnitude of water washing and suggest that the process may be able to remove large amounts of petroleum in small divisions of geologic time. Plots of crude oil gravity vs. depth fail to show the expected correlation of increasing API gravity (decreasing specific gravity) with depth below 2.44 km (8000 ft.). Previous studies which have been carried out to document in-reservoir maturation have used crude oil gravity data shallower than 2.44 km (8000 ft.). The changes in crude oil composition as a function of depth which have been attributed to in-reservoir maturation over these shallower depths, are better explained by crude oil degradation. This study concludes that changes in crude oil composition that result from in-reservoir maturation are not evident from existing crude oil gravity data over the depth and temperature range previously supposed, and that the significant changes in crude oil gravity which are present over the shallow depth range are due to crude oil degradation. Thus the existence of significant quantities of petroleum should not necessarily be ruled out below an arbitrarily determined depth or temperature limit when the primary evidence for this is the change in crude oil gravity at shallow depths. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Price, L., 1980, Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule: Chemical Geology, v. 28, no. C, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266128,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7"}],"volume":"28","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcc9e4b0c8380cd4e432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, L.C.","contributorId":48575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012339,"text":"70012339 - 1980 - A high-temperature hydrothermal deposit on the seabed at a Gulf of California spreading center ( Guaymas Basin).","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T15:47:41","indexId":"70012339","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A high-temperature hydrothermal deposit on the seabed at a Gulf of California spreading center ( Guaymas Basin).","docAbstract":"A submersible dive on a turbidite-covered spreading axis in Guaymas Basin photographed and sampled extensive terraces and ledges of talc. The rock contains siliceous microfossils, smectite, and euhedral pyrrhotite as well as rather pure iron-rich talc. S and O isotopes indicate precipitation around a hydrothermal vent, at about 2800C. - Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(80)90144-2","usgsCitation":"Lonsdale, P.F., Bischoff, J.L., Burns, V., Kastner, M., and Sweeney, R.E., 1980, A high-temperature hydrothermal deposit on the seabed at a Gulf of California spreading center ( Guaymas Basin).: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 49, no. 1, p. 8-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(80)90144-2.","startPage":"8","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269261,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(80)90144-2"},{"id":222654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e420e4b0c8380cd4641b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lonsdale, P. F.","contributorId":101258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsdale","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, V.M.","contributorId":60382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"V.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kastner, M.","contributorId":21276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kastner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sweeney, R. E.","contributorId":72010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweeney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70012197,"text":"70012197 - 1980 - Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T23:05:09.464321","indexId":"70012197","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15739339\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The St. Elias, Alaska, earthquake (magnitude 7.1<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>s</sub>) on February 28, 1979, occurred along the complex Pacific–North American plate boundary between Yakutat Bay and Prince William Sound, rupturing only a fraction of the seismic gap identified in that region. To aid in evaluating the potential for, and likely site of, a future earthquake occurring in the remainder of the gap, we have formulated a kinematic model of neotectonic deformation in southern Alaska from available geologic and seismic data. In this model the part of the North American plate bordering on the Gulf of Alaska is divided into three subblocks, which are partially coupled to the Pacific plate. On the basis of the model, the gap-filling rupture or ruptures would most likely be along the north-dipping thrust faults of the Pamplona zone between Icy Bay and the eastern end of the Aleutian Trench. If the accumulated strain of 3.8 m postulated for this region were released suddenly in one event involving the remainder of the gap, the result would be an earthquake as large as magnitude 8.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<483:HPAPII>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Lahr, J., and Plafker, G., 1980, Holocene Pacific–North American plate interaction in southern Alaska: Implications for the Yakataga seismic gap: Geology, v. 8, no. 10, p. 483-486, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<483:HPAPII>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"486","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31d0e4b0c8380cd5e248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahr, J.C.","contributorId":34892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012143,"text":"70012143 - 1980 - Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:03","indexId":"70012143","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2554,"text":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics","docAbstract":"Classifying very fine-grained rocks through fabric elements provides information about depositional environments, but is subject to the biases of visual taxonomy. To evaluate the statistical significance of an empirical classification of very fine-grained rocks, samples from Devonian shales in four cored wells in West Virginia and Virginia were measured for 15 variables: quartz, illite, pyrite and expandable clays determined by X-ray diffraction; total sulfur, organic content, inorganic carbon, matrix density, bulk density, porosity, silt, as well as density, sonic travel time, resistivity, and ??-ray response measured from well logs. The four lithologic types comprised: (1) sharply banded shale, (2) thinly laminated shale, (3) lenticularly laminated shale, and (4) nonbanded shale. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance showed that the lithologic classification reflects significant differences for the variables measured, difference that can be detected independently of stratigraphic effects. Little-known statistical methods found useful in this work included: the multivariate analysis of variance with more than one effect, simultaneous plotting of samples and variables on canonical variates, and the use of parametric ANOVA and MANOVA on ranked data. ?? 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01034746","issn":"00205958","usgsCitation":"Hohn, M., Nuhfer, E., Vinopal, R., and Klanderman, D., 1980, Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics: Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 589-606, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01034746.","startPage":"589","endPage":"606","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205242,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01034746"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc291e4b08c986b32ac11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hohn, M.","contributorId":92427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hohn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nuhfer, E.B.","contributorId":89281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuhfer","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vinopal, R.J.","contributorId":13376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vinopal","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klanderman, D.S.","contributorId":58397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klanderman","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70012195,"text":"70012195 - 1980 - Time of Pinedale deglaciation in north-central Colorado: Further considerations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T23:11:13.028493","indexId":"70012195","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time of Pinedale deglaciation in north-central Colorado: Further considerations","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15739259\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The stratigraphy and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup>C ages obtained at three sites near Buffalo Pass, in the Park Range, and at two sites on La Poudre Pass., in the Front Range, Colorado, suggest that (1) termination of Pinedale Glaciation in most of the Park Range and Front Range occurred at least 10,000 yr ago, and possibly as early as 11,000 B.P.; (2) in the southern part of the Park Range, where the Continental Divide is relatively low and broad and glaciers descended from an ice cap rather than from cirques, Pinedale deglaciation was completed before 11,000 B.P.; (3) the deposits of the Long Draw Stade or Wisconsin IV of previous publications are at least 10,000<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup>C yr old; and (4) the recession of Pinedale glacier margins from the terminal moraines into the cirques appears to have occurred in less than 4,000 yr in north-central Colorado.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<118:TOPDIN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Madole, R., 1980, Time of Pinedale deglaciation in north-central Colorado: Further considerations: Geology, v. 8, no. 3, p. 118-122, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<118:TOPDIN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb39ee4b08c986b325ed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madole, R.F. 0000-0002-9081-570X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-570X","contributorId":34086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madole","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}