Stratigraphic mapping and pebble-count data suggest that ice flowed in three different directions in the lower Skagit drainage of the northern Cascade Range during the Fraser Glaciation (∼ 10K to 20K BP). Glacier reconstructions suggest that till exposed at one site in the lower Skagit Valley was deposited by a Baker Valley glacier that flowed westward down the Skagit Valley during the early part of the Fraser Glaciation (Evans Creek Stade). Stratigraphic relations show that the Cordilleran Ice Sheet subsequently advanced up the Skagit Valley and into the Baker Valley during the Vashon Stade. Flow-direction indicators, as well as clast compositional variations in till and recessional deposits of Vashon age, indicate that this upvalley, eastward-advancing glacier was later overwhelmed by southeast-flowing ice of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet which entered the Baker Valley across the valley divide to the northwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","doi":"10.2307/1550716","usgsCitation":"Heller, P.L., 1980, Multiple ice flow directions during the Fraser Glaciation in the lower Skagit River drainage, northern Cascade Range, Washington: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 12, no. 3, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.2307/1550716.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Skagit River drainage","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a606be4b0c8380cd71445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heller, Paul L.","contributorId":83924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012357,"text":"70012357 - 1980 - Goat paddock cryptoexplosion crater, Western Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:07","indexId":"70012357","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Goat paddock cryptoexplosion crater, Western Australia","docAbstract":"Goat Paddock, a crater slightly over 5 km in diameter (18??20??? S, 126??40???E), lies at the north edge of the King Leopold Range/Mueller Range junction in the Kimberley district, Western Australia (Fig. 1). It was noted as a geological anomaly in 1964 during regional mapping by the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics and the Geological Survey of Western Australia. The possibility of its being a meteorite impact crater has been discussed1, although this suggestion was subsequently ignored2. Two holes were drilled by a mining corporation in 1972 to test whether kimberlite underlay the structure. Here we report the findings of five days of reconnaissance in August 1979 which established that Goat Paddock is a cryptoexplosion crater containing shocked rocks and an unusually well exposed set of structural features. ?? 1980 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/286704a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Harms, J., Milton, D., Ferguson, J., Gilbert, D., Harris, W., and Goleby, B., 1980, Goat paddock cryptoexplosion crater, Western Australia: Nature, v. 286, no. 5774, p. 704-706, https://doi.org/10.1038/286704a0.","startPage":"704","endPage":"706","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205180,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/286704a0"},{"id":222010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"286","issue":"5774","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2976e4b0c8380cd5a983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harms, J.E.","contributorId":45054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harms","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milton, D.J.","contributorId":44121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferguson, J.","contributorId":31907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilbert, D.J.","contributorId":67657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, W.K.","contributorId":25294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goleby, B.","contributorId":99293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goleby","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70012358,"text":"70012358 - 1980 - Deep-sea spherules from Pacific clay: Mass distribution and influx rate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T15:58:46.207394","indexId":"70012358","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep-sea spherules from Pacific clay: Mass distribution and influx rate","docAbstract":"From 411 kg of Pacific clay, 22 mg of stony spherules and 50 mg of iron spherules larger than 150 μm were concentrated. The extraterrestrial origin of these particles was evaluated with the aid of both optical and electron microscopy as well as atomic absorption elemental analysis. The integral number (N) of stony particles from this sediment in the mass (M) range 20–300 μg is given by N( >M(g)) = 5.13 × 10−6 × M−1.65. The world-wide influx rate of stony particles in the mass range which survive atmospheric heating and ocean sediment storage is calculated to be 90 tons/yr. The relative contributions of ablation debris vs fused interplanetary dust to the influx of stony spherules is discussed, but as yet the question remains unanswered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(80)90204-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Murrell, M., Davis, P., Nishiizumi, K., and Millard, H.T., 1980, Deep-sea spherules from Pacific clay: Mass distribution and influx rate: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 44, no. 12, p. 2067-2074, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(80)90204-5.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2067","endPage":"2074","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222011,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe30e4b0c8380cd4eba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murrell, M.T.","contributorId":104629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murrell","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, P.A. Jr.","contributorId":20903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishiizumi, K.","contributorId":55945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishiizumi","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Millard, Hugh T. Jr.","contributorId":67502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millard","given":"Hugh","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012341,"text":"70012341 - 1980 - Influence of fortnightly earth tides at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-15T01:22:39.804715","indexId":"70012341","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of fortnightly earth tides at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Analysis of 52 historic eruptions confirms the premise that fortnightly earth tides play a significant role in triggering activity at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Since January 1832, nearly twice as many eruptions have occurred nearer fortnightly tidal maximum than tidal minimum (34 vs. 18). A straightforward significance test indicates that the likelihood of a fortnightly tidal influence on Kilauea eruptions is roughly 90%. This is not the case for Mauna Loa Volcano, where 37 historic eruptions have been distributed randomly with respect to the fortnightly tide. At Kilauea, stresses induced by fortnightly earth tides presumably act in concert with volcanic and tectonic stresses to trigger shallow magma movements along preexisting zones of weakness. Differences in structure or internal plumbing may limit the effectiveness of this mechanism at Mauna Loa. Tidal effects seem to be less marked at shields than at some island-arc volcanoes, possibly because higher average volcanic stress rates in Hawaii more often override the effects of tidal stresses.
226Ra is used to document the growth histories of six manganese nodules from Oneida Lake, New York. Detailed sectioning and analysis reveal that there are discontinuous gradients in226Ra content in these samples. These gradients result from periods of rapid growth (>1 mm/100 years) separated by periods of no growth of erosion. Although the226Ra “age” of the nodules approximates the age of Oneida Lake, the nodules are not sediment-covered because they occur only in areas of the lake where fine-grained sediments are not accumulating.
The U.S. Geological Survey contracted a high-sensitivity, digital aeromagnetic survey that was flown over the U.S. Atlantic continental margin over a period of 15 months between 1974 and 1976. The 185,000 km of profile data have a relative accuracy approaching a few tenths of a nanotesla, which allowed compilation into maps at a scale of 1:250,000, with a contour interval of 2 nT. Automatic data processing using the Werner method allowed calculations of apparent depth to sources of the magnetic anomalies on all of the profiles, assuming a dike or interface as a source. Comparison of the computed depths to magnetic basement with multichannel seismic profiles across the survey area helped to reduce ambiguities in magnetic depth estimates and enabled interpolation of basement structures between seismic profiles. The resulting map showing depth to basement of the Atlantic continental margin is compatible with available multichannel seismic data, and we consider it a reasonable representation of the base of the sedimentary column.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1441068","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., and Klitgord, K.D., 1980, High-sensitivity aeromagnetic survey of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin: Geophysics, v. 45, no. 12, p. 1813-1846, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441068.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"1813","endPage":"1846","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a313de4b0c8380cd5dd61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klitgord, Kim D.","contributorId":82307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klitgord","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010385,"text":"70010385 - 1980 - The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T11:33:04","indexId":"70010385","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation","docAbstract":"Three hundred new samples of marine evaporite sulfate, of world-wide distribution, were analyzed for δ34S, and 60 of these also for δ18O in the sulfate ion. Detailed δ34S age curves for Tertiary—Cretaceous, Permian—Pennsylvanian, Devonian, Cambrian and Proterozoic times document large variations in δ34S. A summary curve forδ18O also shows definite variations, some at different times than δ34S, and always smaller. The measured δ34S and δ18O correspond to variations in these isotopes in sulfate of the world ocean surface. The variations of δ18O are controlled by input and output fluxes of sulfur in the ocean, three of which are the same that control δ34S: deposition and erosion of sulfate, and deposition of sulfide. Erosion of sulfide differs in its effect on the S and O systems. δ18O in the sulfate does not seem to be measurably affected by equilibration with either seawater or with subsurface waters after crystallization. In principle, the simultaneous application of both δ34S and δ18O age curves should help reduce the number of assumptions in calculations of the cycles of sulfur and oxygen through geological time, and a new model involving symmetrical fluxes is introduced here to take advantage of the oxygen data. However, all previously published models as well as this one lead to anomalies, such as unreasonable calcium or oxygen depletions in the ocean—atmosphere system. In addition, most models are incapable of reproducing the sharp rises of the δ34S curve in the late Proterozoic, the Devonian and the Triassic which would be the result of unreasonably fast net sulfide deposition. This fast depletion could result from an ocean that has not always been mixed (as previously assumed in all model calculations).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Claypool, G.E., Holser, W.T., Kaplan, I.R., Sakai, H., and Zak, I., 1980, The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation: Chemical Geology, v. 28, no. C, p. 199-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9.","productDescription":"62 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266126,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9"}],"volume":"28","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9ade4b08c986b32241d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claypool, George E.","contributorId":76312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claypool","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holser, William T.","contributorId":12131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holser","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplan, Isaac R.","contributorId":8218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"Isaac","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sakai, Hitoshi","contributorId":30639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakai","given":"Hitoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zak, Israel","contributorId":48697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"Israel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012296,"text":"70012296 - 1980 - Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T12:35:56","indexId":"70012296","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks","docAbstract":"U and Th concentrations have been determined in a series of selected whole-rock samples, using three different techniques: neutron activation analysis (INAA), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID). The INAA technique yields U and Th data that are comparable with those obtained by ID over the entire concentration range studied. XRF only provides data with comparable precision at relatively high concentrations (> 10 ppm) but has the advantage of being able to determine other useful elements such as Rb, Sr, Pb and K. The choice between INAA and XRF therefore depends on the concentration levels anticipated, together with the overall requirements for the particular study. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.J., Reid, D., Stuckless, J., and Welke, H., 1980, Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks: Chemical Geology, v. 29, no. 1-4, p. 345-350, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3.","startPage":"345","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266130,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b4e4b0c8380cd4d240","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, D.L.","contributorId":39524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welke, H.J.","contributorId":29572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welke","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012214,"text":"70012214 - 1980 - Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T15:54:21","indexId":"70012214","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions","docAbstract":"DISCRIM is an interactive computer graphics program that dissects mixtures of normal or lognormal distributions. The program was written in an effort to obtain a more satisfactory solution to the dissection problem than that offered by a graphical or numerical approach alone. It combines graphic and analytic techniques using a Tektronix1 terminal in a time-share computing environment. The main program and subroutines were written in the FORTRAN language. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Bridges, N., and McCammon, R., 1980, Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions: Computers & Geosciences, v. 6, no. 4, p. 361-396, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X.","startPage":"361","endPage":"396","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266196,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X"},{"id":222400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01f6e4b0c8380cd4fdfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, N.J.","contributorId":20320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCammon, R.B.","contributorId":17218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCammon","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012232,"text":"70012232 - 1980 - Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012232","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.","docAbstract":"To test erosion and development of bed sculpture in unstable, pulsating shallow flow, 3 series of experiments were performed in a 10-m flume with flows of Reynolds Number up to 103, Froude Number up to 3.0, and slope up to 2%. In the first, the bed was rigid, in the second and third series planar beds were made from well-sorted and poorly sorted sand, respectively. Development of flow surface instability above the rigid bed showed the following stages: smooth surface; small wavelets; well-developed waves; and rough flow. The second series showed the following sequence: smooth bed; flow-aligned ridge and trough pattern; combined ridge and rhomboid pattern; and rhomboid configuration. The third series demonstrated transverse segregation of the bed material across the ridges.- from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Karcz, I., and Kersey, D., 1980, Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.: Sedimentary Geology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 263-300, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0.","startPage":"263","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205279,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0"},{"id":222647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0de5e4b0c8380cd5323f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karcz, I.","contributorId":58779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karcz","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kersey, D.","contributorId":49112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kersey","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012199,"text":"70012199 - 1980 - Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T20:02:51.822504","indexId":"70012199","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2245,"text":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase","docAbstract":"Emission spectra of the cations of 2,5- and 3,5-difluorophenol, of 2,3,4- and 2,4,5-trifluorophenol, of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenol and of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol have been obtained in the gas phase using low-energy electron beam excitation. The band systems are assigned to the B̃(π−1) → X̃(π−1) electronic transitions of these cations by reference to photoelectron spectroscopic data. The He(Iα) photoelectron spectra and the ionisation energies of ten fluoro-substituted phenols are reported. The symmetries of the four lowest electronic states of these cations are inferred from the radiative decay studies. The lifetimes of the lowest vibrational levels of the B̃(π−1) state of the six fluoro-substituted phenol cations above have also been measured.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0368-2048(80)80031-4","issn":"03682048","usgsCitation":"Maier, J.P., Marthaler, O., Mohraz, M., and Shiley, R., 1980, Emission spectra of the cations of some fluoro-substituted phenols in the gaseous phase: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, v. 19, no. 1, p. 11-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(80)80031-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08fce4b0c8380cd51d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, John Paul","contributorId":61166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marthaler, O.","contributorId":89663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marthaler","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohraz, Manijeh","contributorId":26444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohraz","given":"Manijeh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shiley, R.H.","contributorId":44282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiley","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012306,"text":"70012306 - 1980 - Recovery of datable charcoal beneath young lavas: Lessons from Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-31T15:09:08.726104","indexId":"70012306","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1093,"text":"Bulletin Volcanologique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of datable charcoal beneath young lavas: Lessons from Hawaii","docAbstract":"Field studies in Hawaii aimed at providing a radiocarbon-based chronology of prehistoric eruptive activity have led to a good understanding of the processes that govern the formation and preservation of charcoal beneath basaltic lava flows. Charcoal formation is a rate-dependent process controlled primarily by temperature and duration of heating, as well as by moisture content, density, and size of original woody material. Charcoal will form wherever wood buried by lava is raised to sufficiently high temperatures, but owing to the availability of oxygen it is commonly burned to ash soon after formation. Wherever oxygen circulation is sufficiently restricted, however, charcoal will be preserved, but where atmospheric oxygen circulates freely, charcoal will only be preserved at lower temperature, below that required for charcoal ignition or catalytic oxidation. These factors cause carbonized wood, especially that derived from living roots, to be commonly preserved beneath all parts of pahoehoe flows (where oxygen circulation is restricted), but only under margins of aa. Practical guidelines are given for the recovery of datable charcoal beneath pahoehoe and aa. Although based on Hawaiian basaltic flows, the guidelines should be applicable to other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02597697","usgsCitation":"Lockwood, J.P., and Lipman, P.W., 1980, Recovery of datable charcoal beneath young lavas: Lessons from Hawaii: Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 43, no. 3, p. 609-615, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597697.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"615","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.1159884915015,\n 20.194925681715915\n ],\n [\n -156.1159884915015,\n 18.919476807629593\n ],\n [\n -154.75002633363587,\n 18.919476807629593\n ],\n [\n -154.75002633363587,\n 20.194925681715915\n ],\n [\n -156.1159884915015,\n 20.194925681715915\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a333e4b0e8fec6cdb7b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockwood, J. P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012211,"text":"70012211 - 1980 - Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T21:38:39","indexId":"70012211","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2869,"text":"New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.","docAbstract":"White evaporite encrustations collected from 66 sites scattered over 30 000km2 of S.Antarctic Peninsula are dominantly gypsum and calcite, and subordinate aragonite and thenardite. Natrojarosite occurs as locally developed yellow surface stains on c30% of the white encrustations examined. Water, which forms by the melting of snow blown into cracks in highly fractured rocks by ground blizzards, dissolves soluble ions from minerals in these rocks as it percolates into them. The white encrustations appear to be deposited when this water later rises to the surface by capillary action and evaporates.-from Author Antarctica chemical weathering evaporites sulphide oxidation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121","usgsCitation":"Vennum, W., 1980, Evaporite encrustations and sulphide oxidation products from the southern Antarctic peninsula.: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, v. 23, no. 4, p. 499-505, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121.","startPage":"499","endPage":"505","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268055,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1980.10424121"},{"id":222397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d14e4b0c8380cd52dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vennum, W.R.","contributorId":48623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vennum","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012316,"text":"70012316 - 1980 - He(Iα) and He(IIα) photoelectron spectra of fluorinated chloro- and bromo-benzenes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T16:24:32","indexId":"70012316","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2245,"text":"Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"He(Iα) and He(IIα) photoelectron spectra of fluorinated chloro- and bromo-benzenes","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0368-2048(80)80063-6","issn":"03682048","usgsCitation":"Mohraz, M., Maier, J.P., and Heilbronner, E., 1980, He(Iα) and He(IIα) photoelectron spectra of fluorinated chloro- and bromo-benzenes: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, v. 19, no. 3, p. 429-446, https://doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(80)80063-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"446","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fcde4b0c8380cd5d0c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mohraz, Manijeh","contributorId":26444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohraz","given":"Manijeh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maier, John Paul","contributorId":61166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heilbronner, Edgar","contributorId":7419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilbronner","given":"Edgar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012271,"text":"70012271 - 1980 - Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012271","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","docAbstract":"Carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were made of representative samples of calcite and quartz from the carbonate deposits in the Tolfa Mountains mining district. Measurements were also made of hydrogen isotope compositions, filling temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in these minerals. There are three stages of mineralization at Tolfa. In stage I, characterized by calc-silicate hornfels, the carbonates have relatively high ?? 18O values of 14.5 to 21.6 suggesting a rather low water/rock ratio. ??13C values of -0.3 to 2.1 indicate that appreciable decarbonation or introduction of deep-seated carbon did not occur. Stage II is marked by phanerocrystalline carbonates; ?? 18O values of 13.1 to 20.0 and ??13C values of 0.7 to 5.0 identify them as hydrothermal veins rather than marbles. ?? D values of -56 to -50 for inclusion fluids suggest a possible magmatic component to the hydrothermal fluid. Filling temperatures of coarse-grained samples of Calcite II are 309?? to 362?? C with a salinity range of 5.3 to 7.1 weight percent NaCl. Calculated ??18O values of 11-12 for these fluids are again indicative of low water/rock ratios. The sparry calcites of stage III have ??18O and ??13C values of 8.1 to 12.9 and -1.7 to 3.2, respectively. ?? D values of inclusion fluids are -40 to -33, clearly heavier than in earlier stages and similar to values of modern local ground waters. A salinity measurement of <0.1 weight percent NaCl in a sample of Calcite III is compatible with a relatively unaltered ground water origin for this fluid. Precipitation of the sparry calcite took place at much lower temperatures, around 160?? C. For quartz, ??18O values of 9.3 to 12.4 and ?? D values for inclusions of -53 to -28 are consistent with its late occurrence and paragenetic link with associated carbonates. ?? 1980 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00202800","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Masi, U., Ferrini, V., O’Neil, J.R., and Batchelder, J.N., 1980, Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy): Mineralium Deposita, v. 15, no. 3, p. 351-359, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800.","startPage":"351","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800"},{"id":222298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b966ae4b08c986b31b4c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masi, U.","contributorId":34654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrini, V.","contributorId":51459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrini","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batchelder, J. N.","contributorId":89870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batchelder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012158,"text":"70012158 - 1980 - Tertiary δ18O record and glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T23:15:31.859678","indexId":"70012158","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tertiary δ18O record and glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations","docAbstract":"Previous interpretation of the Tertiary δ18O record of plaiiktic and benthic foraminifers has emphasized comparison to the modern ocean, assumed an ice-free world prior to middle Miocene time, and thereby calculated surprisingly cool temperatures for the tropical sea surface. We propose an alternative interpretation, which compares Tertiary data to average late Pleistocene, assumes constant tropical sea-surface temperature, and thereby estimates global ice volume. This approach suggests that Earth has had a significant ice budget (and therefore glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations) at least since Eocene and perhaps even throughout much of Cretaceous time.
At the invitation of the Society of Hydraulic Engineers of the People's Republic of China (PRC), a delegation of U.S. hydrologists and hydraulic engineers visited the PRC in the fall of 1978.* From discussions with officials of both the Society and the Ministry of Water Conservancy and Power (MWCP), and from visits to research and academic institutions and water projects, the delegation gained a general understanding of the country's surface water resources. The reported statistics, supplemented with others from published sources, provide a quantitative description of the PRC's water resources in relation to those of the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO061i046p00891","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Matalas, N., and Nordin, C., 1980, Water resources of the People's Republic of China: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 61, no. 46, p. 891-901, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO061i046p00891.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"901","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[110.33919,18.6784],[109.47521,18.1977],[108.65521,18.50768],[108.62622,19.36789],[109.11906,19.82104],[110.2116,20.10125],[110.78655,20.07753],[111.01005,19.69593],[110.57065,19.25588],[110.33919,18.6784]]],[[[127.65741,49.76027],[129.39782,49.4406],[130.58229,48.72969],[130.98728,47.79013],[132.50667,47.78897],[133.3736,48.18344],[135.02631,48.47823],[134.50081,47.57844],[134.11236,47.21247],[133.76964,46.11693],[133.09713,45.14407],[131.88345,45.32116],[131.02521,44.96795],[131.28856,44.11152],[131.14469,42.92999],[130.63387,42.90301],[130.64002,42.39501],[129.99427,42.98539],[129.59667,42.42498],[128.05222,41.99428],[128.20843,41.46677],[127.34378,41.50315],[126.86908,41.81657],[126.18205,41.10734],[125.07994,40.56982],[124.26562,39.92849],[122.86757,39.63779],[122.13139,39.17045],[121.05455,38.89747],[121.58599,39.36085],[121.37676,39.75026],[122.1686,40.42244],[121.64036,40.94639],[120.76863,40.59339],[119.6396,39.89806],[119.02346,39.25233],[118.04275,39.20427],[117.5327,38.73764],[118.0597,38.06148],[118.87815,37.89733],[118.91164,37.44846],[119.7028,37.15639],[120.82346,37.87043],[121.71126,37.48112],[122.35794,37.45448],[122.51999,36.93061],[121.10416,36.65133],[120.63701,36.11144],[119.66456,35.60979],[119.15121,34.90986],[120.22752,34.36033],[120.62037,33.37672],[121.22901,32.46032],[121.90815,31.69217],[121.89192,30.94935],[121.26426,30.67627],[121.50352,30.14291],[122.09211,29.83252],[121.93843,29.01802],[121.68444,28.22551],[121.12566,28.13567],[120.39547,27.05321],[119.5855,25.74078],[118.65687,24.54739],[117.28161,23.6245],[115.89074,22.78287],[114.76383,22.66807],[114.15255,22.22376],[113.80678,22.54834],[113.24108,22.05137],[111.84359,21.55049],[110.78547,21.39714],[110.44404,20.34103],[109.88986,20.28246],[109.62766,21.00823],[109.86449,21.39505],[108.52281,21.71521],[108.05018,21.55238],[107.04342,21.8119],[106.56727,22.2182],[106.7254,22.79427],[105.81125,22.97689],[105.32921,23.35206],[104.47686,22.81915],[103.50451,22.70376],[102.70699,22.7088],[102.17044,22.46475],[101.65202,22.3182],[101.80312,21.17437],[101.27003,21.20165],[101.18001,21.43657],[101.15003,21.84998],[100.41654,21.55884],[99.98349,21.74294],[99.2409,22.11831],[99.53199,22.94904],[98.89875,23.14272],[98.66026,24.06329],[97.60472,23.8974],[97.72461,25.08364],[98.67184,25.9187],[98.71209,26.74354],[98.68269,27.50881],[98.24623,27.74722],[97.91199,28.33595],[97.32711,28.26158],[96.24883,28.41103],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.11768,29.4528],[95.4048,29.03172],[94.56599,29.27744],[93.41335,28.64063],[92.50312,27.89688],[91.69666,27.77174],[91.25885,28.04061],[90.73051,28.06495],[90.01583,28.29644],[89.47581,28.04276],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.12044,27.87654],[86.95452,27.97426],[85.82332,28.20358],[85.01164,28.64277],[84.23458,28.83989],[83.89899,29.32023],[83.33712,29.46373],[82.32751,30.11527],[81.5258,30.42272],[81.11126,30.18348],[79.72137,30.88271],[78.73889,31.51591],[78.45845,32.61816],[79.17613,32.48378],[79.20889,32.99439],[78.81109,33.5062],[78.91227,34.32194],[77.83745,35.49401],[76.19285,35.8984],[75.8969,36.66681],[75.15803,37.13303],[74.98,37.41999],[74.82999,37.99001],[74.86482,38.37885],[74.25751,38.60651],[73.92885,38.50582],[73.67538,39.43124],[73.96001,39.66001],[73.82224,39.89397],[74.77686,40.36643],[75.46783,40.56207],[76.52637,40.42795],[76.90448,41.06649],[78.1872,41.18532],[78.54366,41.58224],[80.11943,42.12394],[80.25999,42.35],[80.18015,42.92007],[80.86621,43.18036],[79.96611,44.91752],[81.94707,45.31703],[82.45893,45.53965],[83.18048,47.33003],[85.16429,47.00096],[85.72048,47.45297],[85.76823,48.45575],[86.59878,48.54918],[87.35997,49.21498],[87.75126,49.2972],[88.01383,48.59946],[88.8543,48.06908],[90.28083,47.69355],[90.97081,46.88815],[90.58577,45.71972],[90.94554,45.28607],[92.13389,45.11508],[93.48073,44.97547],[94.68893,44.35233],[95.30688,44.24133],[95.76245,43.31945],[96.3494,42.72564],[97.45176,42.74889],[99.51582,42.52469],[100.84587,42.6638],[101.83304,42.51487],[103.31228,41.90747],[104.52228,41.90835],[104.96499,41.59741],[106.12932,42.13433],[107.74477,42.48152],[109.2436,42.51945],[110.4121,42.87123],[111.12968,43.40683],[111.82959,43.74312],[111.66774,44.07318],[111.34838,44.45744],[111.87331,45.10208],[112.43606,45.01165],[113.46391,44.80889],[114.46033,45.33982],[115.9851,45.72724],[116.71787,46.3882],[117.4217,46.67273],[118.87433,46.80541],[119.66327,46.69268],[119.77282,47.04806],[118.86657,47.74706],[118.06414,48.06673],[117.29551,47.69771],[116.30895,47.85341],[115.74284,47.72654],[115.48528,48.13538],[116.1918,49.1346],[116.6788,49.88853],[117.87924,49.51098],[119.28846,50.14288],[119.27937,50.58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N.C.","contributorId":25173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matalas","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordin, C.F. Jr.","contributorId":100852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordin","given":"C.F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012230,"text":"70012230 - 1980 - Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012230","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3570,"text":"The Moon and the Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation","docAbstract":"Apparently, there are two types of size-frequency distributions of small lunar craters (???1-100 m across): (1) crater production distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is an inverse function of diameter to power near 2.8, and (2) steady-state distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is inversely proportional to the square of their diameters. According to theory, cumulative frequencies of craters in each morphologic category within the steady-state should also be an inverse function of the square of their diameters. Some data on frequency distribution of craters by morphologic types are approximately consistent with theory, whereas other data are inconsistent with theory. A flux of crater producing objects can be inferred from size-frequency distributions of small craters on the flanks and ejecta of craters of known age. Crater frequency distributions and data on the craters Tycho, North Ray, Cone, and South Ray, when compared with the flux of objects measured by the Apollo Passive Seismometer, suggest that the flux of objects has been relatively constant over the last 100 m.y. (within 1/3 to 3 times of the flux estimated for Tycho). Steady-state frequency distributions for craters in several morphologic categories formed the basis for estimating the relative ages of craters and surfaces in a system used during the Apollo landing site mapping program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The relative ages in this system are converted to model absolute ages that have a rather broad range of values. The range of values of the absolute ages are between about 1/3 to 3 times the assigned model absolute age. ?? 1980 D. Reidel Publishing Co.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Moon and the Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00899820","issn":"01650807","usgsCitation":"Moore, H., Boyce, J.M., and Hahn, D., 1980, Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation: The Moon and the Planets, v. 23, no. 2, p. 231-252, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00899820.","startPage":"231","endPage":"252","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899820"},{"id":222645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9182e4b08c986b319949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyce, J. M.","contributorId":85952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hahn, D.A.","contributorId":61103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012161,"text":"70012161 - 1980 - Hydraulic piston coring of late Neogene and Quaternary sections in the Caribbean and equatorial Pacific: Preliminary results of Deep Sea Drilling Project leg 68","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-04T12:23:07.044757","indexId":"70012161","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydraulic piston coring of late Neogene and Quaternary sections in the Caribbean and equatorial Pacific: Preliminary results of Deep Sea Drilling Project leg 68","docAbstract":"Leg 68 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project used the newly developed Hydraulic Piston Corer (HPC) to recover two virtually continuous, undisturbed sections of late Neogene and Quaternary sediment. The sites are located in the western Caribbean (Site 502, 4 holes) and in the eastern equatorial Pacific (Site 503, 2 holes). The sediment of Site 502 is primarily foram-bearing nanno marl which accumulated at about 3 to 4 cm/thousand yr. The bottom of Site 502 (228.7 m) is ∼ 8 m.y. old. The sediment of Site 503 is primarily siliceous calcareous ooze which accumulated at about 2 to 3 cm/thousand yr. The bottom of Site 503 (235.0 m) is ∼ 8 m.y. old.
The magnetostratigraphy of both sites was determined on the R.V. Glomar Challenger with a long-core spinner magnetometer. All paleomagnetic boundaries through the Gilbert were identified in Site 502; most of them were identified in Site 503. The sediment at both sites shows a distinct cyclicity of calcium carbonate content. These relatively high accumulation rate, continuous, undisturbed HPC cores will enable a wide variety of high-resolution biostratigraphic, paleoclimatic, and paleoceanographic studies heretofore not feasible.
Approximately 230 mm of aseismic vertical offset of the land surface across the Pond-Poso Creek fault in the San Joaquin Valley, California, probably is related to groundwater withdrawal for crop irrigation. The scarp is approximately 3.4 km long and occurs in an area where the land subsided more than 1.5 m from 1926 to 1970. Modern faulting postdates the beginning of water level declines and associated subsidence. Movement detected by precise leveling surveys from February 1977 to March 1979 was seasonal, occurring during periods of water level decline. Fault offset was greater in the year with the lower seasonal low water level. The modern movement probably is caused by localized differential compaction induced by differential water level declines across the preexisting fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR016i006p01065","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T.L., 1980, Faulting caused by groundwater level declines, San Joaquin Valley, California: Water Resources Research, v. 16, no. 6, p. 1065-1070, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR016i006p01065.","productDescription":"6p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1070","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pond-Poso Creek fault, San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -120.32226562500001,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -119.13574218749999,\n 34.57895241036948\n ],\n [\n -118.5205078125,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -118.54248046874999,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -121.53076171875,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -122.4755859375,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 40.91351257612758\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f24e4b0c8380cd537c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, Thomas L. tholzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"Thomas","email":"tholzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":362905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012228,"text":"70012228 - 1980 - Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012228","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3570,"text":"The Moon and the Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume","docAbstract":"During the Martian landings the descent engine plumes on Viking Lander 1 (VL-1) and Viking Lander 2 (VL-2) eroded the Martian surface materials. This had been anticipated and investigated both analytically and experimentally during the design phase of the Viking spacecraft. This paper presents data on erosion obtained during the tests of the Viking descent engine and the evidence for erosion by the descent engines of VL-1 and VL-2 on Mars. From these and other results, it is concluded that there are four distinct surface materials on Mars: (1) drift material, (2) crusty to cloddy material, (3) blocky material, and (4) rock. ?? 1980 D. Reidel Publishing Co.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Moon and the Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00902045","issn":"01650807","usgsCitation":"Hutton, R., Moore, H., Scott, R., Shorthill, R., and Spitzer, C., 1980, Surface erosion caused on Mars from Viking descent engine plume: The Moon and the Planets, v. 23, no. 3, p. 293-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00902045.","startPage":"293","endPage":"305","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205263,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902045"},{"id":222584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fa8e4b08c986b31e762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutton, R.E.","contributorId":102623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, R.F.","contributorId":95161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shorthill, R.W.","contributorId":20321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shorthill","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spitzer, C.R.","contributorId":91990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitzer","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012229,"text":"70012229 - 1980 - Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012229","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3118,"text":"Primates","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus","docAbstract":"The very large Eurasian Miocene ape Indopithecus giganteus is distinct from contemporanious Sivapithecus (non-Dryopithecus)indicus. The probabilities that length and width for the only specimen of I. giganteus could be sampled from populations similar or identical to those of S. indicus are less than six chances in 100,000 for both parameters. ?? 1980 Japan Monkey Centre.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Primates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02373847","issn":"00328332","usgsCitation":"Madden, C., and Lewis, G., 1980, Indopithecus giganteus distinct from Sivapithecus indicus: Primates, v. 21, no. 4, p. 572-576, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373847.","startPage":"572","endPage":"576","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205264,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373847"},{"id":222585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3aa5e4b0c8380cd61e5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madden, C.T.","contributorId":84508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, G.E.","contributorId":107747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012372,"text":"70012372 - 1980 - Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012372","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.","docAbstract":"Two transects were drilled across the major ecologic zones of the c. 750 by 200 m reef, whose accumulation was controlled by a local Pleistocene topographic feature. The Reef is composed of 5 major ecologic zones: 1) a deep seaward rubble zone, 6-8 m depth; 2) a poorly developed spur and groove zone composed of massive head corals and Millepora (4-6 m water depth); 3) a characteristic high-energy oriented Acropora palmata zone extending from the surface down to 4 m; 4) a distinct broad reef flat composed of in situ A. palmata and coral rubble, followed by 5) a narrow low- energy back-reef zone of unoriented A. palmata, thickets of A. cervicornis, and various massive head corals in water 0-3 m deep. An extensive grass-covered carbonate sand flat 3-4 m deep extends in a landward direction from zone 5. - from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., 1980, Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 30, no. 3, p. 646-656.","startPage":"646","endPage":"656","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a197be4b0c8380cd559dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012227,"text":"70012227 - 1980 - Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012227","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2956,"text":"Oregon Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.","docAbstract":"A summary of the stratigraphic occurrence of the Miocene molluscan faunas exposed in marine sandstone seacliffs on the SW Oregon coast. The more common and biostratigraphically significant species are illustrated. - Philip Harris","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oregon Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01643304","usgsCitation":"Adicott, W., 1980, Miocene stratigraphy and fossils, Cape Blanco, Oregon.: Oregon Geology, v. 42, no. 5, p. 87-97.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b3fe4b0c8380cd6f437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adicott, W.O.","contributorId":54346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adicott","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012194,"text":"70012194 - 1980 - Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-14T13:59:14","indexId":"70012194","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California","docAbstract":"Variations in the concentration of total suspended particulate matter (TSM) collected 1 m above bottom, changes in vertical profiles of light transmission, and substrate textural patterns reveal a corridor for preferential sediment transport on San Pedro continental shelf, California. During the winter, this corridor, designated the preferential transport corridor (PTC), is defined by higher concentrations of TSM relative to the rest of the shelf and extends for 10-15 km from the inner shelf to the head of San Gabriel Submarine Canyon. Vertical profiles of light transmission within the PTC suggest density stratification throughout the water column and apparent mixing in the upper 15-20 m of water column on either side of the PTC. The PTC is not as fully developed during the summer. Excursions in isopleths of substrate textural variables perpendicular to isobaths in the PTC suggest that although the PTC is seasonally episodic, it recurs regularly over a longer period.
\n\n
A conceptual model attributes the PTC to modification of shelf circulation patterns by San Gabriel Canyon. Surface waves diverge over the canyon head resulting in differential wave set up at the shore face. This forces back turbid nearshore water for a distance of a few kilometers toward the canyon. At some point on the shelf, seaward nearshore flow overlaps offshore currents generated or modified by internal waves focused onto the shelf by the canyon and/or turbulent eddies produced by flow separation in currents moving across the canyon axis. At times, these subtle processes overprint tidal and wind-driven currents and thereby create the PTC. The model suggests that canyons heading several kilometers from shore can have a regulatory effect on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90141-3","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Karl, H.A., 1980, Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California: Marine Geology, v. 34, no. 1-2, p. 61-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90141-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Gabriel Submarine Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.535671379525546\n ],\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.79854997801964\n ],\n [\n -117.91831970214842,\n 33.79854997801964\n ],\n [\n -117.91831970214842,\n 33.535671379525546\n ],\n [\n -118.31520080566406,\n 33.535671379525546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b05e4b0c8380cd62179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}