Oxidation during sampling procedures significantly decreases the inorganic phosphate concentrations of interstitial water rich in iron (II). All sampling and analytical procedures must be carried out in an inert atmosphere. Orthophosphate in the interstitial water of Cheaspeake Bay sediments, in equilibrium with vivianite, is a potential nutrient source for the overlying water.
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","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.182.4113.672","usgsCitation":"Muehlberger, W., Batson, R.M., Cernan, E., Freeman, V.L., Haitt, M., Holt, H.E., Howard, K.A., Jackson, K., Larson, V., Reed, J., Rennilson, J.J., and Schmitt, H., 1973, Geologic Exploration of Taurus-Littrow: Apollo 17 Landing Site: Science, v. 182, no. 4113, p. 672-680, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4113.672.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"672","endPage":"680","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"182","issue":"4113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muehlberger, W.R.","contributorId":66732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muehlberger","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batson, R. M.","contributorId":76714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cernan, E.A.","contributorId":99856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cernan","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, V. L.","contributorId":52958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haitt, M.H.","contributorId":206453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haitt","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holt, H. E.","contributorId":64694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jackson, K.B.","contributorId":206454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Larson, V.S.","contributorId":206455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"V.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Reed, J.J.","contributorId":206456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rennilson, J. J.","contributorId":107336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rennilson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schmitt, H.H.","contributorId":8559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70156684,"text":"70156684 - 1973 - Notes on the bromine pentafluoride technique of oxygen extraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T17:34:01","indexId":"70156684","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-28T19:45:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Notes on the bromine pentafluoride technique of oxygen extraction","docAbstract":"The necessity to use a dry box when loading silicate samples into reaction vessels prior to fluorination is eliminated by the use of a simple loading technique. Data presented show the reproducibility of the fluorination reaction using this technique. Sodium fluoride, when added to saline waters prior to fluorination, improves the precision of the overall technique.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., and Gleason, J.D., 1973, Notes on the bromine pentafluoride technique of oxygen extraction: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 6, p. 679-680.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"680","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307488,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91bce4b0518e354dd1a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Irving","contributorId":90664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Irving","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gleason, Jim D.","contributorId":82322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010107,"text":"70010107 - 1973 - Keweenawan volcanic sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:02:39.630903","indexId":"70010107","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Keweenawan volcanic sequence","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.182.4119.1373.b","usgsCitation":"Huber, N.K., and Cornwall, H.R., 1973, Keweenawan volcanic sequence: Science, v. 182, no. 4119, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4119.1373.b.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1373","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218700,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Keweenawan volcanic sequence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n -84.1552734375,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n -84.1552734375,\n 47.66538735632654\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 47.66538735632654\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 45.30580259943578\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","issue":"4119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4077e4b0c8380cd64daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, N. King","contributorId":51284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"King","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornwall, H. R.","contributorId":92333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207542,"text":"70207542 - 1973 - Chemical variation related to the stratigraphy of the Columbia River basalt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T15:19:39.027101","indexId":"70207542","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-23T11:10:34","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical variation related to the stratigraphy of the Columbia River basalt","docAbstract":"Study of major element chemical analyses of Columbia River basalt leads to a grouping of most of the analyses into 11 chemical types which are distinguished with little overlap on a SiO2-MgO variation diagram. Other diagnostic variation diagrams are total iron (‘FeO’)-MgO, K2O-MgO, and TiO2-MgO.
A four-unit informal stratigraphy has been adopted in order to define the relations between chemical composition and stratigraphic position. From oldest to youngest, the four stratigraphic units are (1) lower basalt of Bond (1963) and Picture Gorge basalt, (2) lower Yakima basalt, (3) middle Yakima basalt, and (4) upper Yakima basalt.
Most of the Picture Gorge and lower basalt flows are relatively rich in MgO (approximately 4.5 to 7.1 percent) and are distinguished by intermediate SiO2 relative to MgO. Furthermore, the Picture Gorge basalt generally has low K2O relative to MgO. The lower Yakima basalt consists almost entirely of flows with relatively low MgO content (approximately 3.0 to 5.5 percent) and with the highest SiO2 relative to MgO of any flows of the Columbia River basalt. The middle Yakima basalt contains flows of three distinct chemical types, which together cover the same MgO range as the lower Yakima flows but which have considerably lower SiO2 and higher ‘FeO’ and TiO2 relative to MgO. Flows in the upper Yakima basalt are of diverse composition; two of the youngest flows are distinguished by having the lowest SiO2 and highest ‘FeO’, TiO2, and P2O5 relative to MgO of any analyzed Columbia River basalt.
Flows of one or more chemical types may form the dominant lithology in a stratigraphic unit, but single flows of the same chemical types may occur in any stratigraphic unit.
Some lava sampled in the eastern part of the plateau has more TiO2 than does lava of otherwise similar composition sampled in the western part of the plateau. This is tentatively interpreted as reflecting a heterogeneous composition for the mantle beneath the Columbia Plateau.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<371:CVRTTS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., Grolier, M.J., and Swanson, D., 1973, Chemical variation related to the stratigraphy of the Columbia River basalt: GSA Bulletin, v. 84, no. 2, p. 371-386, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<371:CVRTTS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"386","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basalt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.87255859374999,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -119.4873046875,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 47.724544549099676\n ],\n [\n -121.025390625,\n 47.264320080254805\n ],\n [\n -121.33300781249999,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -121.48681640624999,\n 45.84410779560204\n ],\n [\n -121.53076171875,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -118.47656249999999,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -116.19140625,\n 47.05515408550348\n ],\n [\n -116.87255859374999,\n 47.635783590864854\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grolier, Maurice J.","contributorId":98292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grolier","given":"Maurice","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207541,"text":"70207541 - 1973 - Magma Mixing as Illustrated by the 1959 Eruption, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T15:17:01.56453","indexId":"70207541","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-23T10:47:14","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magma Mixing as Illustrated by the 1959 Eruption, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The 1959 eruption of Kilauea volcano is unique among recent Kilauea summit eruptions (1952 to 1968) in at least two respects: (1) a large collapse of Kilauea summit accompanied the eruption, and (2) the erupted lavas show a complex variation in their bulk chemical composition. Both features suggest that the 1959 eruption was fed from a source different from that which fed other summit eruptions in this period.
The variations in chemical composition can be interpreted in terms of mixing chromite-bearing olivine with variable proportions of two “end-member” magmas represented by the composition of samples of pumice erupted during the first phase of the eruption. Mixing calculations show that the MgO content of olivine varies with the MgO content of the lava and thus with olivine percentage in the same manner as previously determined by Richter and Murata (1966) from petrographic study of hand samples. The calculations also show that the proportion of the two end-member magma types varies throughout the eruption. These results suggest that the eruption was fed from two separate magma batches, each of which was held in a reservoir with an olivine-poor top and olivine accumulation toward the bottom. There is also evidence that the two end-member magmas may be related by redistribution of clinopyroxene in a third hypothetical magma. The complex pre-eruption history implied by the chemical data is at present not satisfactorily explained by any physical model of fractionation, storage, and mixing that can be inferred from data on other well-studied Kilauea eruptions.
The average MgO content (15.5 percent) of the 1959 eruption is estimated to be in minimum MgO content of magma produced by partial melting in the mantle beneath Kilauea.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<849:MMAIBT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., 1973, Magma Mixing as Illustrated by the 1959 Eruption, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: GSA Bulletin, v. 84, no. 3, p. 849-858, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<849:MMAIBT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"849","endPage":"858","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Summit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.379638671875,\n 19.31114335506464\n ],\n [\n -155.1324462890625,\n 19.31114335506464\n ],\n [\n -155.1324462890625,\n 19.4303341116379\n ],\n [\n -155.379638671875,\n 19.4303341116379\n ],\n [\n -155.379638671875,\n 19.31114335506464\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010112,"text":"70010112 - 1973 - Point Mugu, California, earthquake of 21 February 1973 and its aftershocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:10:58.937027","indexId":"70010112","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Point Mugu, California, earthquake of 21 February 1973 and its aftershocks","docAbstract":"Seismological investigations show that the Point Mugu earthquake involved north-south crustal shortening deep within the complex fault zone that marks the southern front of the Transverse Ranges province. This earthquake sequence results from the same stress system responsible for the deformation in this province in the Pliocene through Holocene and draws attention to the significant earthquake hazard that the southern frontal fault system poses to the Los Angeles metropolitan area.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.182.4117.1127","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Ellsworth, W., Campbell, R.H., Hill, D., Page, R., Alewine, R., Hanks, T.C., Heaton, T.H., Hileman, J., Kanamori, H., Minster, B., and Whitcomb, J., 1973, Point Mugu, California, earthquake of 21 February 1973 and its aftershocks: Science, v. 182, no. 4117, p. 1127-1129, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4117.1127.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1127","endPage":"1129","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.05358292489626,\n 34.177729881416724\n ],\n [\n -119.05358292489626,\n 34.04960462477975\n ],\n [\n -118.94327667232102,\n 34.04960462477975\n ],\n [\n -118.94327667232102,\n 34.177729881416724\n ],\n [\n -119.05358292489626,\n 34.177729881416724\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","issue":"4117","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7cade4b0c8380cd79b01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alewine, R. W. III","contributorId":13109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alewine","given":"R. W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanks, Thomas C.","contributorId":35763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Heaton, T. H.","contributorId":64671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heaton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hileman, J.A.","contributorId":48037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hileman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kanamori, H.","contributorId":55438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamori","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Minster, B.","contributorId":64514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minster","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whitcomb, J.H.","contributorId":69142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitcomb","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70121282,"text":"70121282 - 1973 - Gravity measurements in the vicinity of Georges Bank","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:23:32","indexId":"70121282","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T14:45:13","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravity measurements in the vicinity of Georges Bank","docAbstract":"A total of 97 new bottom gravity measurements on the continental shelf in the vicinity of Georges Bank was reduced to the simple Bouguer anomaly, using a density of 2.80 gm per cm3 for the correction. Results help substantiate the presence of mafic and felsic intrusive bodies along the northern edge of the bank. A gravity low near the center of the bank, trending northeast, corresponds to the Georges Bank trough. An abrupt change in the gravity gradient near the southeast edge of the bank probably represents the thinning of the crust from continental to oceanic thicknesses. Differences in gravity gradient support the suggestion of a fault along the northern edge of the bank.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3911:GMITVO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, J.D., and Robb, J.D., 1973, Gravity measurements in the vicinity of Georges Bank: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 12, p. 3911-3916, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3911:GMITVO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"3911","endPage":"3916","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292695,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.25,39.9 ], [ -71.25,43.0 ], [ -65.5,43.0 ], [ -65.5,39.9 ], [ -71.25,39.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"84","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b653e4b09d12e0e8e6d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, John D.","contributorId":60550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robb, James D.","contributorId":79809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robb","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241586,"text":"70241586 - 1973 - Reinterpretation of the boundary between the Cosumnes and Logtown Ridge Formations, Amador County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T19:32:10.535908","indexId":"70241586","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T14:20:03","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reinterpretation of the boundary between the Cosumnes and Logtown Ridge Formations, Amador County, California","docAbstract":"Recent detailed geologic mapping in the Sierran foothills reveals that rocks previously included in the Jurassic Amador Group must be redefined. The term “Amador Group” was applied by Taliaferro and Clark to a section of epiclastic metasedimentary rocks (the Cosumnes Formation) and the seemingly conformable overlying metavolcanic rocks (the Logtown Ridge Formation).
New structural and stratigraphic evidence indicates that at their type localities on the banks of the Cosumnes River the boundary between the two formations should be relocated about 610 m downsection from the position shown by Clark. This change removes all known paleontological control on the age of the Cosumnes Formation.
Structural relations show that the type Cosumnes and Logtown Ridge Formations are in fault contact at the Cosumnes River. Rocks of the Cosumnes Formation are now grouped with a complex unit of megabreccia that includes other strata previously termed the “western belt” of the Calaveras Formation. The megabreccia formed, at least partly, sometime between late Paleozoic and Late Jurassic times, but rocks in the megabreccia, including the Cosumnes Formation, could be older than late Paleozoic.
The term “Amador Group” is herein abandoned.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3969:ROTBBT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sharp, R.V., and Duffield, W.A., 1973, Reinterpretation of the boundary between the Cosumnes and Logtown Ridge Formations, Amador County, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 12, p. 3969-3976, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3969:ROTBBT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3969","endPage":"3976","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Amador County","otherGeospatial":"Cosumnes Formation, Logtown Ridge Formation","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":187,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Amador\",\"state\":\"CA\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-120.0727,38.5117],[-120.0885,38.5067],[-120.0938,38.5076],[-120.0985,38.5053],[-120.1079,38.5048],[-120.1137,38.4975],[-120.1178,38.4966],[-120.1284,38.4956],[-120.1413,38.4969],[-120.1496,38.4946],[-120.1572,38.4946],[-120.1684,38.4954],[-120.1813,38.4962],[-120.1902,38.4989],[-120.2072,38.502],[-120.2195,38.4938],[-120.2324,38.4901],[-120.2424,38.4859],[-120.2465,38.4859],[-120.2553,38.4877],[-120.2629,38.4799],[-120.2787,38.4762],[-120.2846,38.4743],[-120.2946,38.4747],[-120.2981,38.4729],[-120.3098,38.4714],[-120.3151,38.4705],[-120.3291,38.465],[-120.3345,38.4667],[-120.3397,38.4663],[-120.3438,38.4653],[-120.3491,38.4644],[-120.3603,38.4666],[-120.3673,38.4642],[-120.3738,38.4624],[-120.3796,38.4605],[-120.3838,38.4619],[-120.3879,38.4636],[-120.3938,38.4659],[-120.4091,38.4671],[-120.4139,38.4712],[-120.4203,38.472],[-120.425,38.4697],[-120.4308,38.4674],[-120.4344,38.4651],[-120.4355,38.4637],[-120.4367,38.4633],[-120.4454,38.4582],[-120.4472,38.4569],[-120.4501,38.455],[-120.453,38.4532],[-120.4548,38.4518],[-120.4635,38.4486],[-120.4711,38.4458],[-120.4788,38.4471],[-120.4841,38.4462],[-120.4864,38.4461],[-120.4893,38.4452],[-120.4923,38.4447],[-120.4964,38.4447],[-120.5005,38.4437],[-120.504,38.4401],[-120.508,38.4333],[-120.515,38.4282],[-120.5196,38.4223],[-120.5313,38.419],[-120.5342,38.4181],[-120.5407,38.4217],[-120.5542,38.4175],[-120.5623,38.4151],[-120.5694,38.4123],[-120.5687,38.4074],[-120.5722,38.4028],[-120.5774,38.401],[-120.5827,38.4],[-120.5991,38.3989],[-120.6073,38.3957],[-120.6119,38.3893],[-120.6125,38.388],[-120.6152,38.3761],[-120.611,38.3716],[-120.6145,38.3662],[-120.6202,38.3571],[-120.626,38.3538],[-120.626,38.3516],[-120.6265,38.3498],[-120.6276,38.3434],[-120.6305,38.3397],[-120.6393,38.3383],[-120.6422,38.3356],[-120.655,38.3318],[-120.6586,38.3322],[-120.665,38.3322],[-120.6802,38.3248],[-120.6854,38.3206],[-120.6883,38.3188],[-120.6918,38.3179],[-120.7005,38.3169],[-120.7117,38.3145],[-120.7262,38.3089],[-120.7297,38.308],[-120.7397,38.3065],[-120.7483,38.2987],[-120.7552,38.2878],[-120.7634,38.289],[-120.7757,38.2867],[-120.7786,38.2871],[-120.7904,38.2888],[-120.805,38.2886],[-120.8079,38.2831],[-120.809,38.279],[-120.8184,38.2808],[-120.8247,38.273],[-120.8392,38.2656],[-120.8439,38.2646],[-120.8508,38.2587],[-120.8536,38.2518],[-120.8559,38.2459],[-120.8629,38.2449],[-120.878,38.2389],[-120.8796,38.2316],[-120.8837,38.2279],[-120.8895,38.2251],[-120.8899,38.2197],[-120.9,38.2218],[-120.9047,38.225],[-120.9083,38.229],[-120.9235,38.227],[-120.9316,38.2206],[-120.9475,38.2249],[-120.9533,38.2244],[-120.9678,38.2188],[-120.9708,38.2183],[-120.9796,38.2209],[-120.9926,38.2244],[-121.0228,38.2983],[-121.0216,38.379],[-121.0213,38.4262],[-121.0242,38.5068],[-121.0172,38.5078],[-121.0125,38.5102],[-121.0044,38.5189],[-120.9979,38.5144],[-120.9914,38.5145],[-120.9826,38.515],[-120.9756,38.5165],[-120.9668,38.5202],[-120.9539,38.5208],[-120.9405,38.5264],[-120.9368,38.5188],[-120.9315,38.5179],[-120.9273,38.5148],[-120.9209,38.5176],[-120.9133,38.5199],[-120.9092,38.5223],[-120.9023,38.5309],[-120.8929,38.5279],[-120.8881,38.5238],[-120.8799,38.5289],[-120.8848,38.5357],[-120.8761,38.5426],[-120.8724,38.5376],[-120.8659,38.5336],[-120.8584,38.5396],[-120.8567,38.5478],[-120.8527,38.5501],[-120.8434,38.5561],[-120.8374,38.5516],[-120.8351,38.553],[-120.8304,38.5562],[-120.8269,38.5572],[-120.824,38.5581],[-120.8193,38.5618],[-120.817,38.5613],[-120.8128,38.5605],[-120.8128,38.5582],[-120.8104,38.5573],[-120.804,38.5583],[-120.8016,38.5574],[-120.801,38.5561],[-120.7951,38.5561],[-120.7891,38.5526],[-120.7862,38.5508],[-120.7762,38.5532],[-120.7591,38.5529],[-120.7514,38.5498],[-120.7479,38.548],[-120.742,38.5476],[-120.7367,38.5463],[-120.7285,38.5477],[-120.722,38.5465],[-120.716,38.5397],[-120.7118,38.5375],[-120.7059,38.5344],[-120.6999,38.5299],[-120.687,38.5282],[-120.6768,38.5165],[-120.665,38.5153],[-120.6549,38.5108],[-120.6336,38.5047],[-120.6248,38.5048],[-120.6048,38.5036],[-120.5895,38.5042],[-120.5778,38.5052],[-120.5678,38.5066],[-120.5526,38.5122],[-120.5485,38.5113],[-120.5426,38.5096],[-120.5384,38.5096],[-120.5308,38.5097],[-120.5226,38.5097],[-120.5149,38.5107],[-120.5056,38.514],[-120.4974,38.5154],[-120.4909,38.5191],[-120.4833,38.5228],[-120.478,38.5223],[-120.4692,38.5238],[-120.4551,38.5271],[-120.4476,38.5312],[-120.4123,38.5342],[-120.4053,38.5397],[-120.4,38.5397],[-120.3901,38.5439],[-120.3836,38.5421],[-120.3795,38.5462],[-120.3707,38.5476],[-120.3618,38.5459],[-120.3548,38.55],[-120.3336,38.5488],[-120.323,38.5466],[-120.3083,38.549],[-120.2995,38.5522],[-120.2972,38.5572],[-120.2737,38.5619],[-120.2679,38.5692],[-120.268,38.576],[-120.2622,38.5819],[-120.2452,38.5879],[-120.2422,38.587],[-120.2375,38.5897],[-120.2328,38.592],[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Robert V.","contributorId":89857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duffield, Wendell A.","contributorId":14363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121273,"text":"70121273 - 1973 - Interstitial water studies on small core samples, Leg 15","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-16T14:46:47","indexId":"70121273","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T14:16:24","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1997,"text":"Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interstitial water studies on small core samples, Leg 15","docAbstract":"Analyses of pore fluids from reducing environments demonstrate that reduction of SO4 is accompanied by large increases in alkalinity and strong depletion of Ca and Mg. The data are compatible with a model of replacement of Fe3+ in clay lattices by Mg from the interstitial solutions and the precipitation of pyrite. Depletions of Na in the interstitial solutions are related to Mg losses by a ratio of approximately 1:3. Pore fluids from oxidizing pelagic sediments exhibit little SO4 depletion. Losses of Mg are accompanied by the addition of Ca to the pore solutions on a nearly 1:1 basis. Strong Sr enrichment is also found in these solutions. The magnitude of the Sr increase suggests that considerable carbonate recrystallization has occurred.
\nAs part of an extensive interlaboratory and analytical calibration, the effect of squeezing sediment at different temperatures has been studied in depth. Samples of a variety of lithologies have been included. Enrichment of K by as much as 24 percent and depletion of Mg and Ca by up to 7 percent occurs during warming. However, no significant effect upon Cl and SO4 could be detected. The strongest effects are seen in the minor constituents studied. On warming, Sr, Si, and B are enriched as much as 19, 40, and 60 percent, respectively. The size of the observed concentration changes varies with the mineralogy of the sediment, but is significant in all types studied, particularly with regards to Mg and K.
","language":"English","publisher":"Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International","publisherLocation":"College Station, TX","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.20.207.1973","usgsCitation":"Sayles, F.L., Manheim, F., and Waterman, L.S., 1973, Interstitial water studies on small core samples, Leg 15: Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, v. 15, p. 783-804, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.20.207.1973.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"783","endPage":"804","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.20.207.1973","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Caribbean Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.0,8.0 ], [ -82.0,20.0 ], [ -61.0,20.0 ], [ -61.0,8.0 ], [ -82.0,8.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b655e4b09d12e0e8e6e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sayles, Fred L.","contributorId":88279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayles","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":45294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waterman, Lee S.","contributorId":30151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waterman","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241488,"text":"70241488 - 1973 - Resistivity, self‐potential, and induced‐polarization surveys of a vapor‐dominated geothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T19:16:07.390216","indexId":"70241488","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T14:07:13","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resistivity, self‐potential, and induced‐polarization surveys of a vapor‐dominated geothermal system","docAbstract":"The Mud Volcano area in Yellowstone National Park provides an example of a vapor‐dominated geothermal system. A test well drilled to a depth of about 347 ft penetrated the vapor‐dominated reservoir at a depth of less than 300 ft. Subsequently, 16 vertical electrical soundings (VES) of the Schlumberger type were made along a 3.7‐mile traverse to evaluate the electrical resistivity distribution within this geothermal field. Interpretation of the VES curves by computer modeling indicates that the vapor‐dominated layer has a resistivity of about 75–130 ohm‐m and that its lateral extent is about 1 mile. It is characteristically overlain by a low‐resistivity layer of about 2–6.5 ohm‐m, and it is laterally confined by a layer of about 30 ohm‐m. This 30‐ohm‐m layer, which probably represents hot water circulating in low‐porosity rocks, also underlies most of the survey at an average depth of about 1000 ft. Horizontal resistivity profiles, measured with two electrode spacings of an AMN array, qualitatively corroborate the sounding interpretation. The profiling data delineate the southeast boundary of the geothermal field as a distinct transition from low to high apparent resistivities. The northwest boundary is less distinctly defined because of the presence of thick lake deposits of low resistivities. A broad positive self‐potential anomaly is observed over the geothermal field, and it is interpretable in terms of the circulation of the thermal waters. Induced‐polarization anomalies were obtained at the northwest boundary and near the southeast boundary of the vapor‐dominated field. These anomalies probably are caused by relatively high concentrations of pyrite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.1190/1.1440400","usgsCitation":"Zohdy, A., Anderson, L.A., and Muffler, L.P., 1973, Resistivity, self‐potential, and induced‐polarization surveys of a vapor‐dominated geothermal system: Geophysics, v. 38, no. 6, p. 1130-1144, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440400.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1130","endPage":"1144","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Mud Volcano, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.60905607728807,\n 44.706407927367536\n ],\n [\n -110.60905607728807,\n 44.57802847588391\n ],\n [\n -110.29948543173212,\n 44.57802847588391\n ],\n [\n -110.29948543173212,\n 44.706407927367536\n ],\n [\n -110.60905607728807,\n 44.706407927367536\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zohdy, A.A.R.","contributorId":43503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohdy","given":"A.A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, L. A.","contributorId":22763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick 0000-0001-6638-7218 pmuffler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-7218","contributorId":3322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"pmuffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241537,"text":"70241537 - 1973 - Zircon fission-track ages of Pearlette family ash beds in Meade County, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T16:31:21.448656","indexId":"70241537","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T11:19:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zircon fission-track ages of Pearlette family ash beds in Meade County, Kansas","docAbstract":"Pearlette family volcanic ash beds at two faunally important late Cenozoic localities near Meade, Meade County, Kansas, are very similar in chemical and mineralogic composition, yet their zircon microphenocrysts have markedly different fission-track ages. Zircon microphenocrysts from type B Pearlette volcanic ash underlying sediments that contain the Borchers local fauna of Hibbard are various shades of pink and have a fission-track age of 1.9 ± 0.1 m.y. In contrast, zircon microphenocrysts from type O Pearlette volcanic ash overlying sediments that contain the Cudahy local fauna of Hibbard are colorless and have a fission-track age of 0.6 ± 0.1 m.y. These fission-track ages are in good agreement with K-Ar ages on the probable source material in Yellowstone National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<187:ZFAOPF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Naeser, C.W., Izett, G.A., and Wilcox, R.E., 1973, Zircon fission-track ages of Pearlette family ash beds in Meade County, Kansas: Geology, v. 1, no. 4, p. 187-189, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<187:ZFAOPF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"189","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Meade County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":945,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Meade\",\"state\":\"KS\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-100.217,37.4758],[-100.1068,37.4751],[-100.106,37.3862],[-100.0898,37.3855],[-100.0902,36.9983],[-100.1079,36.9983],[-100.6337,36.9986],[-100.635,37.3881],[-100.6518,37.3878],[-100.652,37.4757],[-100.217,37.4758]]]}}]}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izett, Glen A.","contributorId":83790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izett","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcox, Ray E.","contributorId":63074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241231,"text":"70241231 - 1973 - Annealing history limits for inhomogeneous, native gold grains as determined from Au-Ag diffusion rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T15:35:15.34565","indexId":"70241231","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T10:13:23","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annealing history limits for inhomogeneous, native gold grains as determined from Au-Ag diffusion rates","docAbstract":"Quantitative study of intrinsic inhomogeneities in native gold grains from three deposits in the western United States has revealed concentration profiles that represent the integrated sum of natural diffusion plus original chemical heterogeneity. By assuming that measured natural concentration gradients result solely from diffusion, upper limits may be placed on the temperature-time annealing history of the gold nuggets. This assumption focuses on the end member case in which an initial step-discontinuity is assumed between measured extremes of concentration.Concentration changes of up to 30 weight percent Ag indicate probable deposition temperatures of less than 300 degrees C for electrum from Copper Basin, Arizona, and Alder Gulch, Montana. The gold in the Homestake, South Dakota, deposit probably was formed at temperatures well under 400 degrees C.In support of this study, new data for interdiffusion in the Au-Ag system were obtained from a series of annealing experiments followed by electron microprobe analysis. The interdiffusion coefficient, D, in the range 10 (super -10) to 10 (super -17) cm 2 sec (super -1) was determined from measured profiles across synthetic alloy pairs held at eight fixed temperatures from 297 degrees to 799 degrees C, for periods ranging from 32 hours to 730 days.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.68.8.1275","usgsCitation":"Czamanske, G., Desborough, G.A., and Goff, F.E., 1973, Annealing history limits for inhomogeneous, native gold grains as determined from Au-Ag diffusion rates: Economic Geology, v. 68, no. 8, p. 1275-1288, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.68.8.1275.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1275","endPage":"1288","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414232,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Montana, South Dakota","city":"Alder Gulch, Copper Basin","otherGeospatial":"Homestake Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.72586770554216,\n 33.206035977650416\n ],\n [\n -111.72586770554216,\n 33.045697592858005\n ],\n [\n -111.38402130894042,\n 33.045697592858005\n ],\n [\n -111.38402130894042,\n 33.206035977650416\n ],\n [\n -111.72586770554216,\n 33.206035977650416\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.11506665453493,\n 45.340242514030905\n ],\n [\n -112.11506665453493,\n 45.32027780464435\n ],\n [\n -112.06373845875919,\n 45.32027780464435\n ],\n [\n -112.06373845875919,\n 45.340242514030905\n ],\n [\n -112.11506665453493,\n 45.340242514030905\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.80998220821769,\n 44.380471467417095\n ],\n [\n -103.80998220821769,\n 44.337712239048955\n ],\n [\n -103.706963280987,\n 44.337712239048955\n ],\n [\n -103.706963280987,\n 44.380471467417095\n ],\n [\n -103.80998220821769,\n 44.380471467417095\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czamanske, Gerald K.","contributorId":104907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"Gerald K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desborough, George A.","contributorId":101661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desborough","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goff, Fraser E.","contributorId":291490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goff","given":"Fraser","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12545,"text":"USGS retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":866604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241868,"text":"70241868 - 1973 - Geologic factors affecting compaction of deposits in a land-subsidence area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T13:52:19.535178","indexId":"70241868","displayToPublicDate":"1973-12-01T08:47:29","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic factors affecting compaction of deposits in a land-subsidence area","docAbstract":"In the west-central San Joaquin Valley, California, pumping of ground water has changed water levels, thereby increasing the stresses that tend to compact alluvium by as much as 50 percent and creating a large area of intense land subsidence.
The estimated 1943–1960 specific unit compaction (compaction during a time period, per unit thickness, per unit applied-stress increase) of the deposits in a northern subarea is four times that of a southern subarea, which suggests marked differences in the compressibility of the deposits. A third of the compressibility difference is real and is due to less prior total applied stress in the northern than in the southern subarea.
The other two-thirds of the compressibility difference is only apparent and is attributed to different water-expulsion rates in the clayey beds of different depositional environments. In the northern subarea, the deposits are mainly flood-plain sediments that contain extensive sand beds and thin clayey beds that are dewatered relatively quickly under increasing effective stress. In the southern subarea, the sediments are mainly alluvial-fan deposits that contain thick clayey sequences adjacent to lensing sandy beds. These deposits are de-watered more slowly than those in the northern subarea.
Variations of mean lithology in the chief compacting zone could not be correlated with variations in the specific unit compaction of the deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3783:GFACOD>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bull, W.B., 1973, Geologic factors affecting compaction of deposits in a land-subsidence area: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 12, p. 3783-3802, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3783:GFACOD>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3783","endPage":"3802","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.35746288036006,\n 38.13312825895784\n ],\n [\n -120.53105995747384,\n 38.256520706440995\n ],\n [\n -121.70181326512369,\n 37.802004789813125\n ],\n [\n -121.50865485274531,\n 37.556878251392675\n ],\n [\n -120.58094260405235,\n 36.354060008522765\n ],\n [\n -120.24252200430453,\n 35.65038148239793\n ],\n [\n -119.51694986254691,\n 34.94145470111849\n ],\n [\n -118.77718624215447,\n 34.88440116587513\n ],\n [\n -118.47954946198888,\n 35.513980851524835\n ],\n [\n -118.78601558017306,\n 36.40932502176584\n ],\n [\n -119.48617719748387,\n 37.205195140576066\n ],\n [\n -120.35746288036006,\n 38.13312825895784\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bull, William B.","contributorId":8919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70161850,"text":"70161850 - 1973 - Stress of formalin treatment in juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-04T16:37:05.7601","indexId":"70161850","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Stress of formalin treatment in juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri)","title":"Stress of formalin treatment in juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri>)","docAbstract":"The physiological stress of 200 ppm formalin treatments at 10 C is more severe in the juvenile steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) than in the spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). In the steelhead, a marked hypochloremia follows a 1-hr treatment and recovery requires about 24 hr. During longer treatments, hypercholesterolemia together with reduced regulatory precision, hypercortisolemia, alkaline reserve depletion, and hypocapnia unaccompanied by a fall in blood pH occur — suggestive of compensated respiratory alkalosis. In the spring chinook, hypochloremia and reduced plasma cholesterol regulatory precision are the significant treatment side effects but recovery requires only a few hours. Formalin treatments also cause epithelial separation, hypertrophy, and necrosis in the gills of both fishes but again, consistent with the physiological dysfunctions, these are more severe in the steelhead.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f74-029","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., and Yasutake, W.T., 1973, Stress of formalin treatment in juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri>): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 31, no. 2, p. 179-184, https://doi.org/10.1139/f74-029.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"184","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568e4931e4b0e7a44bc41a9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":5504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","email":"gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":587923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yasutake, W. T.","contributorId":103222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yasutake","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011039,"text":"70011039 - 1973 - Radiometric ages of Kodiak Seamount and Giacomini Guyot, Gulf of Alaska: Implications for Circum-Pacific tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:29:44.72819","indexId":"70011039","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiometric ages of Kodiak Seamount and Giacomini Guyot, Gulf of Alaska: Implications for Circum-Pacific tectonics","docAbstract":"Kodiak Seamount and Giacomini Guyot have been dated at 22.6 ± 1.1 and 19.9 ± 1.0 [2σ (standard deviation)] × 106 years, respectively. Concordant whole-rock and plagioclase potassium-argon dates and fission-track apatite ages demonstrate that significant quantities of excess radiogenic 40Ar are not present in the dated samples. These seamounts are the northwesternmost edifices of the Pratt-Welker chain, which cuts obliquely across magnetic anomaly patterns in an older northeastern Pacific sea floor. The older of the two dated seamounts is in the Aleutian Trench, apparently about to be subducted. If one assumes that seamounts are generated by plate motion over a fixed hot spot in the mantle, a Pacific-plate motion of 6.6 centimeters per year during early Miocene time may be calculated.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.182.4112.579","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Turner, D.L., Forbes, R.B., and Naeser, C.W., 1973, Radiometric ages of Kodiak Seamount and Giacomini Guyot, Gulf of Alaska: Implications for Circum-Pacific tectonics: Science, v. 182, no. 4112, p. 579-581, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4112.579.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"581","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.71874999999997,\n 55.60317816902704\n ],\n [\n -138.3837890625,\n 55.60317816902704\n ],\n [\n -138.3837890625,\n 61.543641475549954\n ],\n [\n -161.71874999999997,\n 61.543641475549954\n ],\n [\n -161.71874999999997,\n 55.60317816902704\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","issue":"4112","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9404e4b0c8380cd8115b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, D. L.","contributorId":53776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forbes, R. B.","contributorId":12848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forbes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naeser, Charles W.","contributorId":76281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241803,"text":"70241803 - 1973 - Westward tidal lag as the driving force of plate tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T00:21:25.685069","indexId":"70241803","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T19:15:52","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Westward tidal lag as the driving force of plate tectonics","docAbstract":"As spreading at known interarc basins occurs to the west of westward-dipping subduction zones, and movement of the lower plates is also to the west, it is suggested that all plates move chiefly westward. Rates of motion are equal to a net difference between eastward and westward transport on semidiurnal tidal bulges. Eastward-dipping subduction zones at the leading edges of plates that are primarily continental are overridden by less dense material and are forced to step westward. Yet lines of downbending of westward-dipping subduction zones are fixed with respect to the lower mantle, and interarc basins result from westward movement of their adjacent plates. These fixed subduction zones can be used to calibrate previously measured movement between plates; they suggest that the westward transport imparted during each tidal cycle is as much as 0.3 mm.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<99:WTLATD>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.W., 1973, Westward tidal lag as the driving force of plate tectonics: Geology, v. 1, no. 3, p. 99-100, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<99:WTLATD>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"100","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, George W.","contributorId":21625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241589,"text":"70241589 - 1973 - Age and correlation of the Windermere Group in northeastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T20:14:28.527693","indexId":"70241589","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T15:08:44","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and correlation of the Windermere Group in northeastern Washington","docAbstract":"Greenstone of basaltic composition forms the middle part of the Windermere System in southern British Columbia and the correlative Windermere Group in northeastern Washington. The greenstone, together with the rest of the Windermere in this region, is highly sheared, altered, and metamorphosed, except for a small exposed mass of relatively unaffected rocks near the community of Chewelah, Washington. K-Ar ages on whole rocks and mineral separates from the Chewelah area indicate the greenstone was probably extruded between 827 and 918 m.y. ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3723:AACOTW>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Miller, F.K., McKee, E., and Yates, R.G., 1973, Age and correlation of the Windermere Group in northeastern Washington: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 11, p. 3723-3729, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3723:AACOTW>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3723","endPage":"3729","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Windermere Group","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.48744751570439,\n 49.00490514286989\n ],\n [\n -119.48744751570439,\n 47.68659053507656\n ],\n [\n -117.03624084430669,\n 47.68659053507656\n ],\n [\n -117.03624084430669,\n 49.00490514286989\n ],\n [\n -119.48744751570439,\n 49.00490514286989\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, F. K.","contributorId":10803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yates, R. G.","contributorId":88708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241797,"text":"70241797 - 1973 - What about ground water?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T19:05:53.425851","indexId":"70241797","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T13:58:25","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What about ground water?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1973.tb02992.x","usgsCitation":"Heath, R., 1973, What about ground water?: Groundwater, v. 11, no. 6, p. 50-51, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1973.tb02992.x.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heath, Ralph C.","contributorId":53359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heath","given":"Ralph C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241487,"text":"70241487 - 1973 - Variations in Sr, Rb, K, Na, and Initial Sr87/Sr86 in Mesozoic Granitic Rocks and Intruded Wall Rocks in Central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T19:00:05.843808","indexId":"70241487","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T13:50:16","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Variations in Sr, Rb, K, Na, and Initial Sr87/Sr86 in Mesozoic Granitic Rocks and Intruded Wall Rocks in Central California","title":"Variations in Sr, Rb, K, Na, and Initial Sr87/Sr86 in Mesozoic Granitic Rocks and Intruded Wall Rocks in Central California","docAbstract":"Initial Sr87/Sr86 of granitic rocks which are exposed north of the Garlock fault in California, and which represent the entire 130-m.y. time span of emplacement during the Mesozoic, ranges mainly from 0.7031 to 0.7082, with one value of 0.7094. A systematic areal variation, independent of age, exists for initial Sr87/Sr86 in these granitic rocks and is the same as the areal variation in initial Sr87/Sr86 of superjacent upper Cenozoic basalts and andesites.
Two values of initial Sr87/Sr86, 0.7040 and 0.7060, mark natural separations of granitic rock data on K-Rb, K-Sr, and Rb/Sr-Rb variation diagrams, and also, when contoured, seem to represent geographic markers of paleo-geographic, geochemical, and physiographic significance. Upper Precambrian sedimentary and metamorphic rocks in California crop out only in the region where initial Sr87/Sr86 of granitic rocks is greater than 0.7060. A line of initial Sr87/Sr86 = 0.7060 is approximately coincident with the boundary between Paleozoic eugeosynclinal and miogeosynclinal rocks. Granitic rocks intruded into Paleozoic miogeosynclinal rocks have initial Sr87/Sr86 greater than 0.7060, whereas those intruded into eugeosynclinal Paleozoic rocks have initial Sr87/Sr86 less than 0.7060. The line of initial Sr87/Sr86 = 0.7040 is the eastern limit of principal exposures of ultramafic rocks, the western limit of Cretaceous granitic rocks, and is coincident with an abrupt change in “topographic expression” on the Bouguer gravity map of California. Correlation of the isotopic variations with these major crustal features suggests that there has been a sharp lateral contrast in crust-mantle chemistry across the region of study that has been fixed in position from the Precambrian to the present time.
The chemical and isotopic variations observed are best explained if the parent magmas of the majority of granitic rocks investigated were derived in a region that was laterally variable in composition and in a zone of melting that intersected both upper mantle and lower crust. However, some igneous rocks, such as Jurassic volcanic rocks in wall rocks and roof pendants and some granitic rocks with high strontium concentrations and low Rb-Sr ratios, suggest that deeper sources are also involved in the total spectrum of igneous rocks in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3489:VISRKN>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kistler, R.W., and Peterman, Z.E., 1973, Variations in Sr, Rb, K, Na, and Initial Sr87/Sr86 in Mesozoic Granitic Rocks and Intruded Wall Rocks in Central California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 11, p. 3489-3512, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3489:VISRKN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"3489","endPage":"3512","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.20533281313979,\n 40.42429466387006\n ],\n [\n -121.13423967713446,\n 38.76444227129281\n ],\n [\n -120.76097994792032,\n 38.02674663755306\n ],\n [\n -120.2822337734942,\n 37.267563216163396\n ],\n [\n -119.21925497942821,\n 36.443003503084654\n ],\n [\n -118.98393906318458,\n 35.37174364660258\n ],\n [\n -118.58633630815233,\n 34.780728225669776\n ],\n [\n -117.89661724330026,\n 35.27243450243415\n ],\n [\n -117.59638659154092,\n 35.39820547854103\n ],\n [\n -116.50906477165633,\n 35.550192445638686\n ],\n [\n -116.33054924898866,\n 36.35156375846992\n ],\n [\n -119.99823180561347,\n 39.02642088257426\n ],\n [\n -119.99823180561347,\n 40.769325113633926\n ],\n [\n -120.85835205119372,\n 41.11868651760588\n ],\n [\n -121.51561374828796,\n 41.13091124098662\n ],\n [\n -122.05116031629072,\n 40.78775861945306\n ],\n [\n -122.20533281313979,\n 40.42429466387006\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kistler, Ronald Wayne","contributorId":27857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kistler","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterman, Zell E. 0000-0002-5694-8082 peterman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-8082","contributorId":167699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Zell","email":"peterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241580,"text":"70241580 - 1973 - Critically refracted waves in a spherically symmetric radially heterogeneous Earth model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T18:08:46.234935","indexId":"70241580","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T13:01:06","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1804,"text":"Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Critically refracted waves in a spherically symmetric radially heterogeneous Earth model","docAbstract":"A theoretical analysis of acoustic waves refracted by a spherical boundary across which velocity and density increase abruptly and below which velocity and density may either increase or decrease continuously with depth is formulated in terms of waves generated at a harmonic point source and scattered by a radially heterogeneous spherical body. Through the application of an Earth-flattening transformation on the radial solution and the Watson transform on the sum over eigenfunctions, the solution to the spherical problem for high frequencies is expressed as an integral for the corresponding half-space problem in which the effect of boundary curvature maps into an effective positive velocity gradient with depth. The results of both analytical and numerical evaluation of this integral can be summarized as follows for body waves in the crust and upper mantle:
(1) In the special case of a critical velocity gradient (a gradient equal and opposite to the effective curvature gradient), waves interacting with the boundary at the critical angle of incidence have the same form as the classical head wave for flat, homogeneous layers.
(2) For gradients more negative than critical, the amplitude of waves incident at the critical angle decay more rapidly with distance than the classical head wave.
(3) For gradients that are positive, null, and less negative than critical, the amplitude of waves near the critical angle decays less rapidly with distance than the classical head wave, and at sufficiently large distances, the refracted wave field can be adequately described in terms of ray-theoretical diving waves. At intermediate distances from the critical point, the spectral amplitude of the refracted wave is scalloped due to multiple diving wave interference.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1973.tb02390.x","usgsCitation":"Hill, D.P., 1973, Critically refracted waves in a spherically symmetric radially heterogeneous Earth model: Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 34, no. 2, p. 149-177, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1973.tb02390.x.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1973.tb02390.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":414636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, David P. 0000-0002-1619-2006 dhill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-2006","contributorId":206752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"dhill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241232,"text":"70241232 - 1973 - Precambrian iron-formations of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T16:02:59.40784","indexId":"70241232","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T10:53:46","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian iron-formations of the United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.934","usgsCitation":"Bayley, R.W., and James, H.L., 1973, Precambrian iron-formations of the United States: Economic Geology, v. 68, no. 7, p. 934-959, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.68.7.934.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"934","endPage":"959","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"68","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayley, R. W.","contributorId":74438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, H. L.","contributorId":96732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241534,"text":"70241534 - 1973 - Variations in lead-isotopic compositions in Mesozoic granitic rocks of California: A preliminary investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T15:35:40.845284","indexId":"70241534","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T10:28:01","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in lead-isotopic compositions in Mesozoic granitic rocks of California: A preliminary investigation","docAbstract":"Six alkali feldspar and two whole-rock samples of granitic rocks from the Sierra Nevada batholith and adjacent Klamath Mountains were analyzed for their lead-isotope compositions. The samples represented each of three 87Sr/86Sr groupings (< 0.704, 0.704 to 0.706, and > 0.706) for granitic rocks north of the Garlock fault in California. The isotopic compositions of lead in the samples from the Sierra Nevada batholith range from 18.73 to 19.37 for 206Pb/204Pb, 15.61 to 15.71 for 207Pb/204Pb, and 38.44 to 39.10 for 208Pb/204Pb. A crude parallel correspondence was found between lead and strontium isotopes, in that the specimens with the most radiogenic strontium also tend to have the most radiogenic lead similar to the previously studied Boulder batholith of Montana. A parallel correspondence is thought to imply characteristics of the source rocks for the plutons rather than consequences of partial melting or natural contamination. Lead-isotopic compositions for the Sierra Nevada batholith and the Boulder batholith differ, average values of 206Pb/204Pb being at least 18.8 for the Sierra Nevada batholith and about 18 for the Boulder batholith.
In the Late Cretaceous part of the Sierra Nevada batholith, the secondary isochron “age” for the lead data in these rocks is about 2,900 m.y., far older than known Precambrian in California. Sources are proposed for these plutons from the lower continental crust and upper continental mantle or dominantly recycled continental materials, probably of intermediate composition and possibly carried down to the zone of melting by subduction. This source material may have been formed in Pre-cambrian times but did not undergo a Precambrian metamorphism greater than upper amphibolite facies which would have reduced the values of 238U/204Pb in the source rocks and resulted in Mesozoic leads like those found in the Boulder batholith and elsewhere in the Rocky Mountain region.
A trondhjemite from the Klamath Mountains has a lead-isotope composition (206Pb/204Pb, 18.57; 207Pb/204Pb, 15.50; 208Pb/204Pb, 38.08) similar to that of oceanic volcanic rocks, particularly like those of island volcanics on oceanic ridges. Derivation of this trondhjemite from an oceanic mantle or recycled mantle material is indicated by this observation and supports the conclusion of Kistler and Peterman (1973) based on its alkali abundances and 87Sr/86Sr value.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3513:VILCIM>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Doe, B.R., and Delevaux, M., 1973, Variations in lead-isotopic compositions in Mesozoic granitic rocks of California: A preliminary investigation: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 11, p. 3513-3526, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3513:VILCIM>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3513","endPage":"3526","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"84","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doe, Bruce R.","contributorId":87554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doe","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delevaux, Maryse","contributorId":104577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delevaux","given":"Maryse","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241824,"text":"70241824 - 1973 - Nodal tidal cycle of 18.6 yr.: Its importance in sea-level curves of the east coast of the United States and its value in explaining long-term sea-level changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T15:35:45.931617","indexId":"70241824","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T10:18:44","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nodal tidal cycle of 18.6 yr.: Its importance in sea-level curves of the east coast of the United States and its value in explaining long-term sea-level changes","docAbstract":"The 18.6-yr cycle of the Moon's nodes dominates the annual means of high water, low water, and range at Boston and at other East Coast harbors. The maxima and minima of the high-water and range curves agree closely with the 180° and 0° long. yr, respectively, of the Moon's ascending node, and are fairly well accounted for by tide-prediction equations. The curve of annual mean sea level also reflects the cycle, but more weakly. Recognition of the cyclical nature of tidal data both simplifies and clarifies assessments of longer term sea-level trends and points to the need to include only multiples of entire cycles in the computations of these trends. When the curves of mean high water and range are used, it is possible to recognize long-term sea-level trends rapidly and to determine whether these are attributable to tidal or nontidal causes. The data suggest that the secular sea-level rise during the 20th century is tidal in origin and may be caused by vertical movement of the oceanic floor. This has the effect of reducing the volume of ocean basins, and, by changing basin geometry, alters the characteristics of terrestrial tidal constituents (standing waves).
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