At 3:57 a.m on the morning after Christmas Day 1979, a large area of northern England and southern Scotland was shaken by an earthquake. In the mesoseismal area, a few miles north of Carlisle, chimneys toppled into the streets or fell through roofs, and people ran in panic into the open. Over a much wider area, including the densely populated industrial area of central Scotland, people were awakened, and ornaments and other small objects were disturbed. At distances over 120 miles from the epicenter, only a few people noted the tremor. Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man also expereienced the tremor but reportedly at no very great intensity. The distrubed area covered approximately 45,00 square miles.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Neilson, G., 1980, The Carlisle earthquake of December 26, 1979, in northern England: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 2, p. 71-73.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"73","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United Kingdom","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -2.26318359375,\n 56.480695390196296\n ],\n [\n -3.394775390625,\n 56.42605447604972\n ],\n [\n -5.350341796875,\n 55.696163893908825\n ],\n [\n -5.712890625,\n 55.00912637001031\n ],\n [\n -5.69091796875,\n 54.42532191246645\n ],\n [\n -3.834228515625,\n 53.09402405506325\n ],\n [\n -1.47216796875,\n 53.186287573913305\n ],\n [\n 0.384521484375,\n 54.0787285386706\n ],\n [\n 0.24169921874999997,\n 55.71473455012692\n ],\n [\n -1.8347167968750002,\n 56.47462805805594\n ],\n [\n -2.26318359375,\n 56.480695390196296\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be52e4b0f59b85e02f29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neilson, G.","contributorId":167739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neilson","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169211,"text":"70169211 - 1980 - Estimating earthquake potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-31T15:10:11","indexId":"70169211","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating earthquake potential","docAbstract":"The hazards to life and property from earthquakes can be minimized in three ways. First, structures can be designed and built to resist the effects of earthquakes. Second, the location of structures and human activities can be chosen to avoid or to limit the use of areas known to be subject to serious earthquake hazards. Third, preparations for an earthquake in response to a prediction or warning can reduce the loss of life and damage to property as well as promote a rapid recovery from the disaster. The success of the first two strategies, earthquake engineering and land use planning, depends on being able to reliably estimate the earthquake potential. The key considerations in defining the potential of a region are the location, size, and character of future earthquakes and frequency of their occurrence. Both historic seismicity of the region and the geologic record are considered in evaluating earthquake potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Page, R., 1980, Estimating earthquake potential: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 1, p. 16-24.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be41e4b0f59b85e02e7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169270,"text":"70169270 - 1980 - The Southern California uplift revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-07T16:02:39","indexId":"70169270","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Southern California uplift revisited","docAbstract":"The earthquake that struck Livermore, east of San Francisco, on January 24 was the second moderate earthquake to have occurred in the San Francisco Bay area in 5 months. It raised familiar questions. Does this mean that the \"Big One\" is coming? Is the theater of heightened concern now in northern California.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Kerr, R.A., 1980, The Southern California uplift revisited: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 3, p. 98-103.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"103","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.15771484375,\n 35.146862906756304\n ],\n [\n -117.53173828125,\n 34.35250666867596\n ],\n [\n -115.72998046875,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -114.97192382812499,\n 33.201924189778936\n ],\n [\n -115.00488281250001,\n 33.6420625047537\n ],\n [\n -118.927001953125,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 36.949891786813296\n ],\n [\n -120.838623046875,\n 36.90597988519294\n ],\n [\n -119.410400390625,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -119.15771484375,\n 35.146862906756304\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be53e4b0f59b85e02f34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kerr, R. A.","contributorId":152674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerr","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169248,"text":"70169248 - 1980 - Earthquake hazard hunt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-05T15:02:18","indexId":"70169248","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake hazard hunt","docAbstract":"The Earthquake Hazard Hunt should begin at home, with all family members participating. Foresight, imagination, and commonsense are all that are needed as you go from room to room and imagine what would happen when the Earth and house started to shake.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"MacCabe, M., 1980, Earthquake hazard hunt: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 5, p. 193-194.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"194","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be32e4b0f59b85e02dd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacCabe, M. P.","contributorId":167751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacCabe","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":94019,"text":"94019 - 1980 - Fungal diseases of fishes: Book 6","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:53","indexId":"94019","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Fungal diseases of fishes: Book 6","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diseases of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"TFH Publications, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Neptune City, NJ","collaboration":"346/FH159","usgsCitation":"Neish, G., and Hughes, G., 1980, Fungal diseases of fishes: Book 6.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b434b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505218,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Axelrod, H.R.","contributorId":113171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Axelrod","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505219,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Neish, G.A.","contributorId":19895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neish","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, G.C.","contributorId":103206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169273,"text":"70169273 - 1980 - The size of earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-07T16:15:57","indexId":"70169273","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The size of earthquakes","docAbstract":"How we should measure the size of an earthquake has been historically a very important, as well as a very difficult, seismological problem. For example, figure 1 shows the loss of life caused by earthquakes in recent times and clearly demonstrates that 1976 was the worst year for earthquake casualties in the 20th century. However, the damage caused by an earthquake is due not only to its physical size but also to other factors such as where and when it occurs; thus, figure 1 is not necessarily an accurate measure of the \"size\" of earthquakes in 1976. the point is that the physical process underlying an earthquake is highly complex; we therefore cannot express every detail of an earthquake by a simple straightforward parameter. Indeed, it would be very convenient if we could find a single number that represents the overall physical size of an earthquake. This was in fact the concept behind the Richter magnitude scale introduced in 1935.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Kanamori, H., 1980, The size of earthquakes: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 1, p. 10-15.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be55e4b0f59b85e02f46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kanamori, H.","contributorId":55438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamori","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000083,"text":"1000083 - 1980 - Development and survival of embryos of lake herring at different constant oxygen concentrations and temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:19:22","indexId":"1000083","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and survival of embryos of lake herring at different constant oxygen concentrations and temperatures","docAbstract":"Eggs of lake herring (Coregonus artedii) were incubated in a continuous-flow system at four constant water temperatures (2-8°C) and five dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (1-12 mg/L). In comparison with incubation time at 12 mg/L DO, time to median hatch was significantly longer (P<0.05) at 2 mg/L at 6°C (no hatch at 1 mg/L), at 3 mg/L or less at 4°C, and at 4 mg/L or less at 2°C. The time between hatching of the first and last eggs varied inversely with temperature. Mean total lengths of newly hatched fry were significantly shortened (P < 0.05) at 1 and 2 mg/L DO. At 6 and 8°C, percent survival through hatching was greater than at 2 and 4°C at DO of 4 mg/L or more, but fell to zero at 1 mg/L. The percentage of normal fry produced decreased noticeably below 4 mg/L DO. The optimum temperature for highest percentage survival of normal fry decreased directly with the level of dissolved oxygen. The temperatures at which the highest percentages of normal fry hatched from eggs incubated at DO concentrations of 4 or 8, 2, and 1 mg/L, were 6, 4, and 2°C, respectively-indicating a decreasing DO demand by embryos incubated at the lower temperatures. Our findings supported a previously published hypothesis that DO concentrations below 4 mg/L can be adverse to survival and development of coregonid embryos in nature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1980)42[3:DASOEO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brooke, L., and Colby, P., 1980, Development and survival of embryos of lake herring at different constant oxygen concentrations and temperatures: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 42, no. 1, p. 3-9, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1980)42[3:DASOEO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66723e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooke, L.T.","contributorId":60589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooke","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colby, P.J.","contributorId":101233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colby","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000153,"text":"1000153 - 1980 - Sterility method of pest control and its potential role in an integrated sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:07:55","indexId":"1000153","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sterility method of pest control and its potential role in an integrated sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control program","docAbstract":"The sterility method of pest control could be an effective tool in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control program in the Great Lakes. Some of the requirements for its successful application have been met. A field study demonstrated that the release of male sea lampreys, sterilized by the injection of 100 mg/kg of P,P-bis(1-aziridinyl)-N-methylphosphinothioic amide (bisazir), will reduce the number of viable larvae produced. The actual reduction in reproductive success that occurred was directly related to the ratio of sterile to normal males in the population. The technique can be used in many ways in an integrated control program and has considerable potential for the more effective control of the sea lamprey. Eradication is a distinct possibility.Key words: sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus; pest control, fish control, sterile-male technique, sterilization, chemosterilants, bisazir, Great Lakes
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-252","usgsCitation":"Hanson, L.H., and Manion, P.J., 1980, Sterility method of pest control and its potential role in an integrated sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control program: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 2108-2117, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-252.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2108","endPage":"2117","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Lee H.","contributorId":67833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manion, Patrick J.","contributorId":99080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manion","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000461,"text":"1000461 - 1980 - Age and growth of rock bass in eastern Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:14","indexId":"1000461","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2866,"text":"New York Fish and Game Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of rock bass in eastern Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"To test the reliability of current techniques, five biologists appraised the ages of 200 quail from a random sample of wings collected during the 1952-53 hunting season in Alabama. Attempt was made to distinguish adults from juveniles, to ascertain the stage of post-nuptial and post-juvenile molts, and to estimate the age of juveniles according to days or weeks. Three 'problem' wings in this sample had molt characteristics somewhat eauallv divided between adult and juvenile classes; two wings called 'questionable' had all molt characteristics except one of either age group. A 3.5 per cent disparity occurred between investigators in their classification of adult and juvenile age groups. This included not only 'problem' and 'questionable' wings, but also 'obvious errors.' Individual differences were greater than 3.5 per cent but cancelled out. This study emphasizes the need of working with large samples of birds of a known age in order to know more concerning molt variations. Until aging techniques can be refined, it is believed that investigators should be fully familiar with existing methods and their weaknesses. Also, it appears important that reports on aging should indicate clearly the techniques used. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"New York Fish and Game Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Wolfert, D.R., 1980, Age and growth of rock bass in eastern Lake Ontario: New York Fish and Game Journal, v. 27, no. 1, p. 88-90.","productDescription":"p. 88-90","startPage":"88","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6897d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfert, David R.","contributorId":49305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfert","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168568,"text":"70168568 - 1980 - Charles F. Richter; an interview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-22T12:37:49","indexId":"70168568","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Charles F. Richter; an interview","docAbstract":"Charles F. Richter, renowned seismologist, is a professor emeritus at the California Institue of techonology (Caltech). He is best known to the public for the Richter magnitude scale; but he is equally recognized in the scientific community for many other contributions to seismology including his books Elementary Seismology (1958) and Seismicity of the Earth (coauthored in 1954 with Beno Gutenberg).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Spall, H., 1980, Charles F. Richter; an interview: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 1, p. 4-8.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c84ac4e4b0b3c9ae38100b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spall, H.","contributorId":99290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000469,"text":"1000469 - 1980 - Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in Lake Michigan, 1971-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:03:44","indexId":"1000469","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in Lake Michigan, 1971-78","docAbstract":"Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) was exterminated in Lake Michigan by the mid-1950s as a result of the combined effects of an intensive fishery and predation by the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). The widespread application of lampricide in tributary streams had greatly reduced the abundance of lampreys by the early 1960s, and a program to restore self-sustaining populations of lake trout through stocking of yearlings and fingerlings was initiated in 1965. Although the hatchery-reared fish spawned widely in Lake Michigan each year after 1970, no progeny were observed except in an isolated area in Grand Traverse Bay. During 1971–78, sea lamprey abundance was generally greater in Wisconsin than in other parts of the lake. However, the rate of occurrence of sea lamprey wounds on lake trout dropped dramatically there in 1978 after the Peshtigo River, a tributary to Green Bay, was treated with lampricide. Application of Lake Michigan wounding rates to a regression model relating mortality to lamprey wounding developed from Lake Superior data, yielded lamprey-induced mortality estimates in 1977 of 5% in Michigan plus Indiana (combined) and 31% in Wisconsin; corresponding estimates for 1978 were 5 and 15%.Key words: lake trout, sea lamprey predation, abundance, Lake Michigan
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-244","usgsCitation":"Wells, L., 1980, Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in Lake Michigan, 1971-78: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 2047-2051, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-244.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2047","endPage":"2051","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b14b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, LaRue","contributorId":75476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"LaRue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000290,"text":"1000290 - 1980 - Changes in mortality of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Michigan waters of Lake Superior in relation to sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) predation, 1968-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:01:41","indexId":"1000290","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in mortality of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Michigan waters of Lake Superior in relation to sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) predation, 1968-78","docAbstract":"Total mortality rates of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of age VII and older from eastern Lake Superior were estimated from catch curves of age distributions each year in 1968–78. The instantaneous rate of total mortality Z varied from 0.62 to 2.31 in close synchrony with sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) wounding rates on lake trout. The regression of transformed Z on the index of lamprey wounding, accounted for over 89% of the variation in lake trout mortality (r2 = 0.893). An iterative method of estimating rates of exploitation u, instantaneous rates of fishing mortality F, K (a constant relating sample catch per unit effort to population size), instantaneous normal natural mortality rate M, and instantaneous rate of mortality due to sea lamprey predationL from the sample catch per unit effort and total catch by the fishery is presented. A second method using the results of a 1970–71 tagging study to estimate the mean F in 1970–77 yielded closely similar results to the above and is presented as corroboration. The estimates of u, F, andM appear to be reasonable. F ranged from 0.17 in 1974 to 0.42 in 1969 and M was estimated at 0.26. L varied from 0.21 in 1974 to 1.70 in 1968. Management implications of various policies concerning sea lamprey control, exploitation, and stocking are discussed.Key words: lake trout, sea lamprey, lamprey control, mortality, predation, Lake Superior, fishery, management
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-247","usgsCitation":"Pycha, R.L., 1980, Changes in mortality of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Michigan waters of Lake Superior in relation to sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) predation, 1968-78: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 2063-2073, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-247.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2063","endPage":"2073","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5519","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pycha, Richard L.","contributorId":17175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pycha","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000392,"text":"1000392 - 1980 - Differentiation in Coregonus zenithicus in Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T08:59:40","indexId":"1000392","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differentiation in Coregonus zenithicus in Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Morphological variation in Coregonus zenithicus has long plagued biologists working on Lake Superior ciscoes. Some of this variation is due to allometric growth; earlier workers incorrectly recognized large C. zenithicus as a distinct species, C. nigripinnis cyanopterus. Coregonus reighardi dymondi is a variant of C. zenithicus in northern bays of Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. The morphological differences between members of spring and fall spawning populations of C. zenithicus in Lake Superior are no greater than those between geographically separate populations. We conclude that spawning time and geographic isolation act similarly in effecting differentiation of coregonine populations, and that populations with different spawning times do not necessarily represent different species.Key words: Coregonus zenithicus, cisco, Great Lakes, multivariate morphometrics, endangered species, taxonomy
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-267","usgsCitation":"Todd, T.N., and Smith, G.R., 1980, Differentiation in Coregonus zenithicus in Lake Superior: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 2228-2235, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-267.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2228","endPage":"2235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d6e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Thomas N.","contributorId":42547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Gerald R.","contributorId":36496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000232,"text":"1000232 - 1980 - Classification of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attack marks on Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:15:08","indexId":"1000232","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classification of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attack marks on Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)","docAbstract":"Criteria for the classification of marks inflicted by sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) into nine categories were developed from laboratory studies in an attempt to refine the classification system used in field assessment work. These criteria were based on characteristics of the attachment site that could be identified under field conditions by unaided visual means and by touching the attachment site. Healing of these marks was somewhat variable and was influenced by the size of lamprey, duration of attachment, severity of the wound at lamprey detachment, season and water temperature, and by other less obvious factors. Even under laboratory conditions staging of some wounds was difficult, especially at low water temperatures. If these criteria are to be used effectively and with precision in the field, close examination of individual fish may be required. If the feeding and density of specific year-classes of sea lampreys are to be accurately assessed on an annual basis, close attention to the wound size (as it reflects the size of the lamprey's oral disc) and character of wounds on fish will be required as well as consideration of the season of the year in which they are observed.Key words: sea lamprey, attack marks, lake trout, Great Lakes
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-240","usgsCitation":"King, E.L., 1980, Classification of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attack marks on Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 1989-2006, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-240.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1989","endPage":"2006","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Everett Louis Jr.","contributorId":16371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Everett","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Louis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142594,"text":"70142594 - 1980 - Landsat wildland mapping accuracy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:04:13","indexId":"70142594","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat wildland mapping accuracy","docAbstract":"A Landsat-aided classification of ten wildland resource classes was developed for the Shivwits Plateau region of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area. Single stage cluster sampling (without replacement) was used to verify the accuracy of each class.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Todd, W.J., Gehring, D.G., and Haman, J.F., 1980, Landsat wildland mapping accuracy: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 4, p. 509-520.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"520","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 35.15360009635797\n ],\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 36.51405119943165\n ],\n [\n -113.1976318359375,\n 36.51405119943165\n ],\n [\n -113.1976318359375,\n 35.15360009635797\n ],\n [\n -114.97467041015625,\n 35.15360009635797\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec434e4b02419550debcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, William J.","contributorId":51595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gehring, Dale G.","contributorId":51750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehring","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haman, J. F.","contributorId":139596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70158694,"text":"70158694 - 1980 - A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications in wildlife management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-05T13:45:30.093975","indexId":"70158694","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications in wildlife management","docAbstract":"Citations of 165 selected technical reports, journal articles, and other publications on remote sensing applications for wildlife management are presented in a bibliography. These materials summarize developments in the use of remotely sensed data for wildlife habitat mapping, habitat inventory, habitat evaluation, and wildlife census. The bibliography contains selected citations published between 1947 and 1979.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Fall, SD","doi":"10.3133/70158694","usgsCitation":"Carneggie, D.M., Ohlen, D.O., and Pettinger, L.R., 1980, A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications in wildlife management, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70158694.","productDescription":"30 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70158694.JPG"},{"id":310258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70158694/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56139f2fe4b0ba4884c60f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carneggie, David M.","contributorId":62758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ohlen, Donald O. ohlen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"Donald","email":"ohlen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":576560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pettinger, Lawrence R.","contributorId":18274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettinger","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70142195,"text":"70142195 - 1980 - Resolving the percentage of component terrains within single resolution elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:04:36","indexId":"70142195","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving the percentage of component terrains within single resolution elements","docAbstract":"An approximate maximum likelihood technique employing a widely available (BMD) discriminant analysis program has been developed for resolving the percentage of component terrains within single resolution elements. The method employs all four channels of Landsat data simultaneously and does not require prior knowledge of the percentage of components in mixed pixels. For five test cases, the method proved to be superior to single band weighted average and linear regression techniques and permitted an estimate of the total area occupied by component terrains to within 6 percent of the true area covered. It is believed this accuracy should be sufficient for many geologic applications of Landsat multispectral data.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Marsh, S., Switzer, P., and Kowalik, W.S., 1980, Resolving the percentage of component terrains within single resolution elements: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 8, p. 1079-1086.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1079","endPage":"1086","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597cce4b02419550d2f4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marsh, S.E.","contributorId":70922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Switzer, P.","contributorId":66432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Switzer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kowalik, William S.","contributorId":11609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalik","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32553,"text":"pp1089 - 1980 - Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T21:37:20.681613","indexId":"pp1089","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1089","title":"Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1089","usgsCitation":"Fullerton, D.S., 1980, Preliminary correlation of post-Erie interstadial events (16,000-10,000 radiocarbon years before present), central and eastern Great Lakes region, and Hudson, Champlain, and St. Lawrence Lowlands, United States and Canada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1089, Report: iv, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 49.50 x 39.50 inches and 44.50 x 39.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1089.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 49.50 x 39.50 inches and 44.50 x 39.50 inches","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416829,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93009.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":60386,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164372,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60385,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1089/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 47.6469\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 39.5933\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 39.5933\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 47.6469\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 47.6469\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fullerton, David S. fullerton@usgs.gov","contributorId":448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"David","email":"fullerton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70030385,"text":"70030385 - 1980 - The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030385","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho","docAbstract":"Silver and copper are the principal ores mined from the quartzite at the Crescent mine. Both the main ore-bearing veins and foliation in the quartzite are parallel to the nearly vertical formational contacts. Anisotropy of the quartzite is indicated by both dynamic and static tests. Disking and breakage of core from holes perpendicular to the foliation are about twice what they are in core from holes parallel to foliation. Natural cleavage as well as slabbing and blasting fractures around the tunnels are also controlled by the foliation. Extensive overcore deformation measurements indicate that most of the influence of the tunnels on the \"free\" stress field is between the rib and a depth of 2.7 m (1 tunnel diameter). The maximum principal stress axis in the free field is nearly horizontal; its magnitude is not much greater than the vertical component and calculations indicate a nearly hydrostatic free stress field. Stress considerably greater than the free field was measured between about 0.3-2.7 m behind the rib and is caused by a transfer of load from above the tunnel opening. Peak stress is in the vertical direction and about 1.7 m behind the rib. An air-injection survey shows that high permeabilities are confined to the highly fractured annulus around a tunnel to a depth of at least 0.6 m. Air-injection measurements could be taken in the interval of about 0.6-1.8 m, but more fractures with high permeabilities may also be present in the annulus from about 0.6-1.2 m. Permeabilities measured deeper than about 1.8 m by the air-injection technique are either very low or nonexistent. The absence of open and noncontinuous fractures beyond about 1.8 m is also indicated by very low porosities and permeabilities of core, very high stresses (which presumably would close fractures), the lack of stains or secondary fillings in disking fractures, a conspicuous lack of ground water in the tunnels, and the fact that fractures encountered in an experimental 0.9-m tunnel did not extend into the 1.8-m tunnel that was mined over it. Air-injection techniques exceed the accuracy of any field deformation measurement now in use, and they are sensitive to permeabilities as small as one microdarcy and to fracture widths as small as 250 nanometers. This technique was applied for future reference in mining design and, perhaps, to be used later to detect microfracturing prior to rockbursts. ?? 1980 Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6","issn":"00137","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., and Skinner, E., 1980, The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho: Engineering Geology, v. 16, no. 3-4, p. 321-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6.","startPage":"321","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae04e4b08c986b323eb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, C.H.","contributorId":19148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, E.H.","contributorId":31978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171194,"text":"70171194 - 1980 - Food of alewives, yellow perch, spottail shiners, trout-perch, and slimy and fourhorn sculpins in southeastern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T13:21:32","indexId":"70171194","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"98","subseriesTitle":"Technical papers of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","title":"Food of alewives, yellow perch, spottail shiners, trout-perch, and slimy and fourhorn sculpins in southeastern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Stomachs of 1, 064 alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus), 1, 103 yellow perch (Perca flavescens), 246 spottail shiners (Notropis hudsonius), 288 trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), 454 slimy sculpins (Cottus cognatus), and 562 fourhorn sculpins (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) from Lake Michigan were examined for food contents. Fish were sampled primarily from March to November and nearly all were caught at the bottom in the southeastern part of the lake near Saugatuck, Michigan. Depths of capture (m) were: alewives, 5 to 110; yellow perch, 5 to 26; spottail shiners, 5 to 31; trout-perch, 9 to 46; slimy sculpins, 31 to 91; and fourhorn sculpins, 73 to 110. Alewives, particularly those less than 140 mm long, fed chiefly on zooplankton; Pontoporeia usually constituted most of the rest of the food, although Mysis and immature midges were occasionally eaten in considerable quantity. Yellow perch ate primarily Pontoporeia, fish eggs, Mysis, and crayfish; Pontoporeiawas consumed most heavily by perch less than 250 mm long and those in relatively deep water, fish (mainly slimy sculpins) by those 200 mm long or longer, Mysis by those in deep water, and crayfish by those on rocky bottom. Spottail shiners fed most commonly on immature midges, Pontoporeia, zooplankton, fingernail clams, and (in July only) fish eggs; immature midges were eaten mainly by shiners in shallow water; and Pontoporeia by those in deeper areas. The diet of trout-perch was strongly dominated by Pontoporeia and immature midges. Slimy sculpins ate Pontoporeia almost exclusively. Fourhorn sculpins fed almost entirely on Mysis and Pontoporeia Pontoporeia was particularly important in the diet of the larger fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Wells, L., 1980, Food of alewives, yellow perch, spottail shiners, trout-perch, and slimy and fourhorn sculpins in southeastern Lake Michigan, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccb9e4b07e28b662dcb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, LaRue","contributorId":75476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"LaRue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70186202,"text":"70186202 - 1980 - Myvatn volcanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T13:26:11","indexId":"70186202","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5359,"text":"Volcano News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Myvatn volcanism","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Volcano News","usgsCitation":"Allen, C., Bryan, B., Greeley, R., Murray, J., Sigurdsson, H., Thorarinsson, S., Whitford-Stark, J.L., Williams, R., and Wood, C., 1980, Myvatn volcanism: Volcano News, v. 3, p. 1-8.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6acfe4b02ff32c6aeaad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, C.","contributorId":28552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bryan, B.","contributorId":190230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greeley, R.","contributorId":6538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, J.","contributorId":94837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sigurdsson, H.","contributorId":167404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sigurdsson","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thorarinsson, S.","contributorId":190231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorarinsson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitford-Stark, J. L.","contributorId":53478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitford-Stark","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, R.","contributorId":7686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wood, C.","contributorId":27674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70181763,"text":"70181763 - 1980 - Air supersaturation in surface water: a continuing engineering and biological problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:18:17","indexId":"70181763","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":" Air supersaturation in surface water: a continuing engineering and biological problem","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the symposium on surface water impoundments ASCE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on surface water impoundments ASCE","conferenceDate":" June 2-5, 1980","conferenceLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bouck, G., 1980, Air supersaturation in surface water: a continuing engineering and biological problem, in Proceedings of the symposium on surface water impoundments ASCE, Minneapolis, MN, June 2-5, 1980.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a2d3c3e4b0c82512869a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouck, G.R.","contributorId":152274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouck","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171195,"text":"70171195 - 1980 - Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a limiting factor in the reproduction of lake trout in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T13:25:23","indexId":"70171195","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a limiting factor in the reproduction of lake trout in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the third USA-USSR Symposium on the Effects of Pollutants Upon Aquatic Ecosystems : theoretical aspects of aquatic toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Third USA-USSR Symposium on the Effects of Pollutants Upon Aquatic Ecosystems","conferenceDate":"July 2-6, 1979","conferenceLocation":"Borok, Jaroslav Oblast, USSR","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Willford, W.A., 1980, Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a limiting factor in the reproduction of lake trout in Lake Michigan, in Proceedings of the third USA-USSR Symposium on the Effects of Pollutants Upon Aquatic Ecosystems : theoretical aspects of aquatic toxicology, Borok, Jaroslav Oblast, USSR, July 2-6, 1979, p. 75-83.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"83","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccb2e4b07e28b662dc50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willford, Wayne A.","contributorId":67446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willford","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}