Discovery of shock-metamorphosed material establishes the impact origin of Lonar Crater. Coarse breccia with shatter coning and microbreccia with moderately shocked fragments containing maskelynite were found in drill holes through the crater floor. Trenches on the rim yield strongly shocked fragments in which plagioclase has melted and vesiculated, and bombs and spherules of homogeneous rock melt. As the only known terrestrial impact crater in basalt, Lonar Crater provides unique opportunities for comparison with lunar craters. In particular, microbreccias and glass spherules from Lonar Crater have close analogs among the Apollo specimens.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.180.4088.862","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Fredriksson, K., Dube, A., Milton, D., and Balasundaram, M., 1973, Lonar Lake, India: An impact crater in basalt: Science, v. 180, no. 4088, p. 862-864, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.180.4088.862.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"862","endPage":"864","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219509,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Lonar Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 76.49381373435432,\n 19.98754757916558\n ],\n [\n 76.49381373435432,\n 19.969004842797304\n ],\n [\n 76.51625924199948,\n 19.969004842797304\n ],\n [\n 76.51625924199948,\n 19.98754757916558\n ],\n [\n 76.49381373435432,\n 19.98754757916558\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"180","issue":"4088","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a495ce4b0c8380cd68545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fredriksson, K.","contributorId":11328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredriksson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dube, A.","contributorId":8615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dube","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milton, D.J.","contributorId":44121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balasundaram, M.S.","contributorId":50655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balasundaram","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010935,"text":"70010935 - 1973 - Obsidian hydration dates glacial loading?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T21:27:50.072969","indexId":"70010935","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Obsidian hydration dates glacial loading?","docAbstract":"Three different groups of hydration rinds have been measured on thin sections of obsidian from Obsidian Cliff, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming . The average thickness of the thickest (oldest) group of hydration rinds is 16.3 micrometers and can be related to the original emplacement of the flow 176,000 years ago (potassium-argon age). In addition to these original surfaces, most thin sections show cracks and surfaces which have average hydration rind thicknesses of 14.5 and 7.9 micrometers. These later two hydration rinds compare closely in thickness with those on obsidian pebbles in the Bull Lake and Pinedale terminal moraines in the West Yellowstone Basin, which are 14 to 15 and 7 to 8 micrometers thick, respectively. The later cracks are thought to have been formed by glacial loading during the Bull Lake and Pinedale glaciations, when an estimated 800 meters of ice covered the Obsidian Cliff flow.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.180.4087.733","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., Pierce, K.L., Obradovich, J.D., and Long, W., 1973, Obsidian hydration dates glacial loading?: Science, v. 180, no. 4087, p. 733-734, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.180.4087.733.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"733","endPage":"734","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220737,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.04002719673802,\n 44.99654497165565\n ],\n [\n -111.04002719673802,\n 44.07006559240526\n ],\n [\n -109.1171570760447,\n 44.07006559240526\n ],\n [\n -109.1171570760447,\n 44.99654497165565\n ],\n [\n -111.04002719673802,\n 44.99654497165565\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"180","issue":"4087","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6afee4b0c8380cd74470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, K. 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D.","contributorId":48966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Long, W.D.","contributorId":82845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175765,"text":"70175765 - 1973 - Flooded area of Stillwater, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T11:29:39","indexId":"70175765","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-14T10:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of Stillwater, Minnesota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70175765","usgsCitation":"Saboe, C., 1973, Flooded area of Stillwater, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70175765.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82db7e4b03fd6b7da36ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saboe, C.W.","contributorId":51837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saboe","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241912,"text":"70241912 - 1973 - Isotopic and paleontologic evidence for correlating three volcanic sequences in the Maine coastal volcanic belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-30T15:34:21.007078","indexId":"70241912","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-05T10:23:09","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic and paleontologic evidence for correlating three volcanic sequences in the Maine coastal volcanic belt","docAbstract":"The correlation of the Castine Volcanics, the Thorofare Andesite–Vinalhaven Rhyolite sequence, and the Cranberry Island Series of Shaler (1889), suggested by their similar lithologies, appearance, and structural histories, is supported by the results of Rb-Sr whole-rock isotopic analyses and by the faunal assemblages from old and new fossil localities in the Castine Volcanics, Ames Knob Formation, and Thorofare Andesite. The volcanic rocks are partly Late Silurian, but mostly Early Devonian in age and yield an average radiogenic age of 390 ± 5 m.y. The use of calcite-bearing volcanic samples for whole-rock Rb-Sr dating degrades the method by greatly increasing the uncertainty of the isochron and initial Sr87/Sr86. Lower to Middle Devonian granitic plutons have initial ratios of Sr87 and Sr86 similar to those in the volcanic formations. The Castine Volcanics and the Lower Devonian granite of Sedgwick may be comagmatic, but the time interval between the extrusion of the Vinalhaven Rhyolite and its intrusion by the Middle Devonian granite of Vinalhaven Island is too long to support the comagmatic hypothesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1619:IAPEFC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brookins, D.G., Berdan, J.M., and Stewart, D.B., 1973, Isotopic and paleontologic evidence for correlating three volcanic sequences in the Maine coastal volcanic belt: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 5, p. 1619-1628, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1619:IAPEFC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1619","endPage":"1628","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Frenchman's Bay, Penobscot Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.31368123919768,\n 44.64179625358878\n ],\n [\n -69.31368123919768,\n 43.879945641513245\n ],\n [\n -68.18914846420707,\n 43.879945641513245\n ],\n [\n -68.18914846420707,\n 44.64179625358878\n ],\n [\n -69.31368123919768,\n 44.64179625358878\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brookins, Douglas G.","contributorId":87144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brookins","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berdan, Jean M.","contributorId":34140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berdan","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, David B.","contributorId":79864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241804,"text":"70241804 - 1973 - Staurolite zone Caradoc (Middle-Late Ordovician) age, Old World province brachiopods from Penobscot Bay, Maine: Discussion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T00:49:05.250334","indexId":"70241804","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T19:33:56","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Staurolite zone Caradoc (Middle-Late Ordovician) age, Old World province brachiopods from Penobscot Bay, Maine: Discussion","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1829:SZCMOA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Neuman, R.B., 1973, Staurolite zone Caradoc (Middle-Late Ordovician) age, Old World province brachiopods from Penobscot Bay, Maine: Discussion: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 5, p. 1829-1830, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1829:SZCMOA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1829","endPage":"1830","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.1060381824102,\n 44.11723791131311\n ],\n [\n -69.11646244657824,\n 44.10932766668245\n ],\n [\n -69.11121701965045,\n 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Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pebble segregation and bed lenticularity in wave-worked versus alluvial gravel","docAbstract":"Two aspects of bedding may permit visual discrimination between wave-worked and alluvial gravel. Pebbles in gravel worked by waves tend to be better segregated into discrete beds than those in alluvial deposits, and bedding in wave-worked gravel tends to be more laterally regular, or less lenticular, than that in stream gravel.
Pebble segregation and lenticularity were quantitatively analysed in twenty-five different marine and fluvial deposits of Quaternary or Tertiary age in southwestern Oregon in order to evaluate their use as environmental indicators. The results indicate that these two factors combined provide a visual criterion for discriminating between many gravels of wave-worked and alluvial origin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.1973.tb02043.x","usgsCitation":"Clifton, H.E., 1973, Pebble segregation and bed lenticularity in wave-worked versus alluvial gravel: Sedimentology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 173-187, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1973.tb02043.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.65259638194547,\n 43.191877658066005\n ],\n [\n -124.65259638194547,\n 41.99658548725114\n ],\n [\n -123.672932078495,\n 41.99658548725114\n ],\n [\n -123.672932078495,\n 43.191877658066005\n ],\n [\n -124.65259638194547,\n 43.191877658066005\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clifton, H. Edward","contributorId":46503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241833,"text":"70241833 - 1973 - Petrology of the Vulcan Peak alpine-type peridotite, southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T18:11:18.553684","indexId":"70241833","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T12:52:26","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology of the Vulcan Peak alpine-type peridotite, southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"The alpine-type peridotite in the area of Vulcan Peak, Oregon, is part of the larger Josephine ultramafic complex in the Klamath Mountains geologic province. Partially serpentinized, foliated harzburgite with 15 to 30 percent orthopyroxene makes up approximately 90 percent of the body. The remaining 10 percent is dunite that occurs in the harzburgite as concordant and discordant layers and as irregular bodies. In general, the peridotite at Vulcan Peak is similar in structure, texture, mineralogy, and chemistry to the peridotite at Burro Mountain, California. Structures, textures, and compositions of coexisting phases are consistent with high-temperature (1,000° to 1,200°C) deformation and recrystallization in the upper mantle, and tectonic emplacement into its present crustal position. Evidence to indicate whether the peridotite originated as a refractory residue during partial fusion processes that produced mafic melt or by crystallization from an ultramafic or picritic magma remains inconclusive; poikilitic clinopyroxene enclosing olivine in some dunites, and certain chromitite textures, may represent relict igneous features suggesting a magmatic stage in the history of the peridotite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1585:POTVPA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Himmelberg, G.R., and Loney, R.A., 1973, Petrology of the Vulcan Peak alpine-type peridotite, southwestern Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 5, p. 1585-1600, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1585:POTVPA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1585","endPage":"1600","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Vulcan Peak","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.98819318698429,\n 42.178160201817605\n ],\n [\n -123.98374160769364,\n 42.17229070129619\n ],\n [\n -123.97501500124557,\n 42.17518357269242\n ],\n [\n -123.9768545429647,\n 42.179922806497785\n ],\n [\n -123.98018445047614,\n 42.18423151837007\n ],\n [\n -123.9778962400447,\n 42.187855215161846\n ],\n [\n -123.97892817808244,\n 42.189716850175586\n ],\n [\n -123.9847608713383,\n 42.19101331360267\n ],\n [\n -123.9873407164321,\n 42.19054791953448\n ],\n [\n -123.9932407099941,\n 42.18849981710764\n ],\n [\n -123.99400344680444,\n 42.18529172513081\n ],\n [\n -123.99288177502424,\n 42.18085331912857\n ],\n [\n -123.98819318698429,\n 42.178160201817605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Himmelberg, Glen R.","contributorId":57921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loney, Robert Ahlberg","contributorId":72802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loney","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Ahlberg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221226,"text":"5221226 - 1973 - Territorial behavior, pesticides, and the population ecology of red-shouldered hawks in central Maryland, 1943-1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T17:53:44.711994","indexId":"5221226","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T12:17:55","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Territorial behavior, pesticides, and the population ecology of red-shouldered hawks in central Maryland, 1943-1971","docAbstract":"A breeding population of red—shouldered hawks (Buteo lineatus) along the Patuxent River in central Maryland was studied during the interval 1943—71. Numbers of breeding pairs remained unchanged or increased on the PWRC (Patuxent Wildlife Research Center) and an adjoining area where habibat was not altered. A reduction in breeding pairs occurred on the third study area where large portions of the habitat had been destroyed. Basic information on 74 nests was obtained and the annual number of breeding pairs on the PWRC ranged from a low of four to a high of nine during the study. Nesting success of this highly territorial species decreased significantly as the distance between adjacent nest sites decreased (Errington's principle of inversity). Since 1960, the recruitment rate during “high” density years was 1.34 young fledged per pair as opposed to 1.95 during “optimum” (1943 and 1947 levels) density years. The 1.95 figure compared favorably with the estimated recruitment rate necessary for maintaining a stable population and with recruitment rates observed in other locations prior to the modern pesticide era. As the observed recruitment rate during the 4 years of “optimum” density was believed adequate, it is doubtful that the relatively low pesticide levels in the eggs had a detrimental effect on the reproductive performance of the population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1935339","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Schmid, F.C., Martin, E.M., and Hood, L.L., 1973, Territorial behavior, pesticides, and the population ecology of red-shouldered hawks in central Maryland, 1943-1971: Ecology, v. 54, no. 3, p. 545-554, https://doi.org/10.2307/1935339.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"554","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193457,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6850da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":333338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, F. C.","contributorId":39885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Elwood M.","contributorId":107342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Elwood","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hood, L. L.","contributorId":31072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241915,"text":"70241915 - 1973 - Antarctic icebergs as a fresh water resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-30T16:58:27.216648","indexId":"70241915","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T11:46:18","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3095,"text":"Polar Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antarctic icebergs as a fresh water resource","docAbstract":"In a recent study (Weeks and Campbell, in press), we made a rather complete examination of the idea that icebergs could advantageously be used as a source of fresh water. The origin of the general idea of transporting icebergs is obscure; it may date from the 1850's when ice was transported from Alaska to California as a commercial venture. The current revival of the idea, in particular as applied to the water problems of southern California, can be credited to John Issacs of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography (Burt, 1956). However no critical evaluation was ever published. We initially undertook the present study because our intuition “told” us that the idea was untenable and we thought that we could easily prove that this was the case, thereby laying the idea to rest. Our intuition proved to be wrong and we now believe that the idea is, indeed, highly attractive when applied to certain locations in the Southern Hemisphere. This note briefly outlines our approach to analyzing the problem and our results.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0032247400063592","usgsCitation":"Weeks, W., and Campbell, W.J., 1973, Antarctic icebergs as a fresh water resource: Polar Record, v. 16, no. 104, p. 661-665, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247400063592.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"661","endPage":"665","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"104","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, W.F.","contributorId":39433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, W. J.","contributorId":8614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241827,"text":"70241827 - 1973 - Tectonic history of the central Aleutian arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T11:04:22.350874","indexId":"70241827","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T11:44:21","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic history of the central Aleutian arc","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1555:THOTCA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Marlow, M.S., Scholl, D.W., Buffington, E.C., and Alpha, T.R., 1973, Tectonic history of the central Aleutian arc: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 5, p. 1555-1574, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1555:THOTCA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1555","endPage":"1574","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 186.46181641629397,\n 53.42840240266102\n ],\n [\n 175.21469180839983,\n 53.42840240266102\n ],\n [\n 175.21469180839983,\n 50.86602607525239\n ],\n [\n 186.46181641629397,\n 50.86602607525239\n ],\n [\n 186.46181641629397,\n 53.42840240266102\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marlow, Michael S.","contributorId":72775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buffington, E. C.","contributorId":13948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffington","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alpha, Tau Rho","contributorId":63371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"Tau","email":"","middleInitial":"Rho","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70160798,"text":"70160798 - 1973 - Hydrologic changes after clear-cut logging in a small Oregon coastal watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T12:45:40","indexId":"70160798","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic changes after clear-cut logging in a small Oregon coastal watershed","docAbstract":"Preliminary graphical analysis indicates that clear-cut logging of a small Oregon watershed has significantly altered certain hydrologic characteristics. After logging, moderate increases were noted in annual runoff, but no significant changes were detected in either peak or minimum flow rates. Both the annual sediment yields and the maximum monthly water temperatures increased greatly after logging; sediment yields and temperatures in the unlogged control watershed actually decreased during the postlogging period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Harris, D., 1973, Hydrologic changes after clear-cut logging in a small Oregon coastal watershed: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 487-491.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"491","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313106,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.88964653015137,\n 44.537938196796\n ],\n [\n -123.8719654083252,\n 44.54497334861026\n ],\n [\n -123.85497093200684,\n 44.545095691555815\n ],\n [\n -123.84140968322752,\n 44.53879469550639\n ],\n [\n -123.83849143981934,\n 44.52729209003314\n ],\n [\n -123.848876953125,\n 44.51254340585983\n ],\n [\n -123.87660026550293,\n 44.50954425403351\n ],\n [\n -123.89368057250977,\n 44.520132406737744\n ],\n [\n -123.88964653015137,\n 44.537938196796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850eafe4b0a04ef493398c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, D.D.","contributorId":59002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160813,"text":"70160813 - 1973 - Solubility of cryolite at 25° C and 1 atmosphere pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T16:32:05","indexId":"70160813","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solubility of cryolite at 25° C and 1 atmosphere pressure","docAbstract":"For natural cryolite from Greenland the activity product for the reaction (in water),
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A reexamination of reported blueschist mineral localities in the basal strata of the Great Valley sequence revealed only prehnite-pumpellyite facies minerals. Franciscan graywacke thrust below the Great Valley rocks contains lawsonite-quartz blueschist assemblages. At a common pressure of about 4 kb, the Franciscan blueschists formed at lower temperatures than the overlying Great Valley prehnite-bearing rocks, lending support to tectonic models that involve rapid subduction of the Franciscan rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Bailey, E., and Jones, D.L., 1973, Metamorphic facies indicated by vein minerals in basal beds of the Great Valley sequence, northern California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 383-385.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"385","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313870,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Great Valley Sequence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 40.63896734381723\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 39.80009595634841\n ],\n [\n -122.56347656249999,\n 39.29179704377487\n ],\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 38.84826438869913\n ],\n [\n -121.9921875,\n 38.53097889440026\n ],\n [\n -122.01416015625,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -121.67358398437499,\n 37.80544394934274\n ],\n [\n -121.343994140625,\n 37.58811876638322\n ],\n [\n -121.08032226562499,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -120.38818359375,\n 36.39475669987383\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 35.380092992092145\n ],\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 35.092945313732635\n ],\n [\n -119.3115234375,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -118.85009765625,\n 35.05698043137265\n ],\n [\n -118.66333007812499,\n 35.25459097465025\n ],\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -118.87207031250001,\n 36.30627216957992\n ],\n [\n -119.72900390625001,\n 37.09900294387622\n ],\n [\n -120.157470703125,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n -120.50903320312501,\n 37.666429212090605\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -120.948486328125,\n 38.12591462924157\n ],\n [\n -120.948486328125,\n 38.35027253825765\n ],\n [\n -121.014404296875,\n 38.66835610151509\n ],\n [\n -121.22314453124999,\n 39.08743603215884\n ],\n [\n -121.47583007812501,\n 39.63953756436671\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 40.136890695345905\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 40.463666324587685\n ],\n [\n -122.04711914062499,\n 40.72228267283148\n ],\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 40.63896734381723\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf747e4b0e7a44bc0f178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, Edgar H.","contributorId":55835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Edgar H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, David L.","contributorId":61925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70161637,"text":"70161637 - 1973 - Current slope-stability studies in the San Francisco Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T15:36:18","indexId":"70161637","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current slope-stability studies in the San Francisco Bay region","docAbstract":"An extensive program of slope-stability studies is presently underway in the San Francisco Bay region, California. Work to date has resulted in the publication of estimates of landslide damage, an estimated-landslide-abundance map of the region, new slope maps prepared by photomechanical processes, photointerpretive maps of landslide, colluvial, and other surficial deposits, and maps of relative slope stability. These studies indicate that landsliding is a major slope-erosion process in the region, that the damage resulting from landsliding is very great, and that additional development in the upland parts of the region should not be undertaken without careful evaluation of slope stability.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Study done cooperatively with Department of Housing and Urban Development and San Mateo County","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, T., and Brabb, E.E., 1973, Current slope-stability studies in the San Francisco Bay region: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 431-437.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"437","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -122.838134765625,\n 38.81831117374662\n ],\n [\n -122.68981933593749,\n 38.68122173079789\n ],\n [\n -122.464599609375,\n 38.69408504756833\n ],\n [\n -122.4041748046875,\n 38.84826438869913\n ],\n [\n -121.70654296874999,\n 38.878204997061474\n ],\n [\n -121.46484375,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n -121.61865234375,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -121.39343261718749,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -121.37695312499999,\n 37.522797055259616\n ],\n [\n -121.0748291015625,\n 37.12966595484084\n ],\n [\n -121.45935058593749,\n 36.97622678464096\n ],\n [\n -121.83288574218749,\n 37.07271048132946\n ],\n [\n -122.06359863281249,\n 37.13842453422676\n ],\n [\n -122.288818359375,\n 37.06394430056685\n ],\n [\n -122.36572265625,\n 37.04202441635081\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 38.75408327579141\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf73fe4b0e7a44bc0f144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Tor H.","contributorId":100016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Tor H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brabb, Earl E.","contributorId":48939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70161655,"text":"70161655 - 1973 - Identification of a lithium-bearing smectite from Spor Mountain, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T13:42:02","indexId":"70161655","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of a lithium-bearing smectite from Spor Mountain, Utah","docAbstract":"Chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction data, and cation exchange determinations are given for a lithium-bearing smectite. The X-ray data and Greene-Kelly's lithium test indicate the presence of both dioctahedral and trioctahedral phases. The exchange determinations indicate that the lithium is in the structure of the clay, and the chemical data are intermediate between those for hectorite and montmorillonite. All data indicate that the clay is a mixture of hectorite and montmorillonite.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Starkey, H., and Mountjoy, W., 1973, Identification of a lithium-bearing smectite from Spor Mountain, Utah: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 415-419.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"419","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313758,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Spor Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.2147979736328,\n 39.77582494105872\n ],\n [\n -113.22784423828125,\n 39.75761606081634\n ],\n [\n -113.2412338256836,\n 39.74679401056388\n ],\n [\n -113.2027816772461,\n 39.73676229957947\n ],\n [\n -113.22269439697264,\n 39.73227395608596\n ],\n [\n -113.2254409790039,\n 39.714317659615716\n ],\n [\n -113.19282531738281,\n 39.69107315898447\n ],\n [\n -113.16707611083983,\n 39.69556418405592\n ],\n [\n -113.16844940185547,\n 39.70877138781409\n ],\n [\n -113.1643295288086,\n 39.72778532033429\n ],\n [\n -113.15814971923828,\n 39.752073271862386\n ],\n [\n -113.18252563476561,\n 39.76817252009203\n ],\n [\n -113.2147979736328,\n 39.77582494105872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf744e4b0e7a44bc0f169","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starkey, Harry C.","contributorId":102074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starkey","given":"Harry C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mountjoy, Wayne","contributorId":21973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mountjoy","given":"Wayne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70161767,"text":"70161767 - 1973 - Boron-bearing potassium feldspar of authigenic origin in closed-basin deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T16:40:32","indexId":"70161767","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boron-bearing potassium feldspar of authigenic origin in closed-basin deposits","docAbstract":"Silicic vitric tuffs in saline, alkaline lacustrine deposits are commonly altered to a variety of zeolites and potassium feldspar. The tuffs generally show a lateral gradation, in a basinward direction, of fresh glass to zeolites and then to potassium feldspar. Zeolites were formed early in diagenesis by reaction of the glass with the interstitial water. The feldspar, however, was formed later by reaction of the zeolites with interstitial water, and its formation can be correlated with water of relatively high salinity and alkalinity. Semiquantitative spectrographic analyses for boron in the zeolites and potassium feldspar show that most of the boron resides in the relatively late feldspar. The boron content of the zeolites is commonly less than 100 ppm, whereas the boron content of the potassium feldspar is commonly greater than 1,000 ppm. Boron apparently substitutes for aluminum in the feldspar structure and causes distortion of the monoclinic unit cell such that the b and c dimensions are shortened. These boron-bearing potassium feldspars having anomalous cell parameters seem unique to saline,
alkaline lacustrine deposits and could serve as a prospecting aid for locating buried saline minerals.
Late Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico was most intense near the Rio Grande rift depression but extended onto stable platforms to the west (Colorado Plateau) and to the east (High Plains). Tholeiitic rocks are largely confined to the Rio Grande depression, and the basalts become increasingly alkalic with distance from the depression. The K, Th, and U contents and the Th/K and U/K ratios consistently increase away from the depression, and Th/U ratios also tend to increase slightly. Geographically distinct suites of petrographicaUy related basalts that are very similar in major-oxide compositions are readily distinguishable by K, Th, and U contents. Sialic crustal contamination did not contribute significantly to development of these compositional variations, and the lateral change from tholeiitic to alkalic basaltic volcanism may be related to different depths of or degrees of partial melting in the mantle. The compositions and compositional ranges of basalts in the southern Rocky Mountain region are similar to those of many Pacific islands, despite the contrasting geologic settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., Bunker, C., and Bush, C.A., 1973, Potassium, thorium, and uranium contents of upper Cenozoic basalts of the southern Rocky Mountain region, and their relation to the Rio Grande depression: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 387-401.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"401","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Southern Rocky Mountain Region, Rio Grande Depression","geographicExtents":"{\n 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M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, Charles A","contributorId":118320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70161756,"text":"70161756 - 1973 - A Precambrian diamictite below the base of the Stillwater Complex, southwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T16:10:27","indexId":"70161756","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Precambrian diamictite below the base of the Stillwater Complex, southwestern Montana","docAbstract":"The metasedimentary rocks of Precambrian age below the base of the Stillwater Complex, southwestern Montana, contain a metamorphosed diamictite similar to diamictite in strata of late Precambrian and Early Cambrian age in Canada and the Western United States. The diamictite consists of a quartz-cordierite matrix containing an average 10-15 percent of rock fragments diverse in shape, size, angularity, lithologic types, and textures. The diamictite unit is poorly sorted, crops out discontinuously for 14 miles, and locally has a crude layering containing dropstones. Its origin is debatable, but the rock is suggestive of glacial marine deposition. The minimum age of the diamictite of the complex is 2,750 m.y. from U-Pb determination on zircon of intrusive quartz monzonite, the maximum 3,140 m.y. as determined on zircon from metasedimentary rocks interbedded with the diamictite.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Koski, R., and Page, N.J., 1973, A Precambrian diamictite below the base of the Stillwater Complex, southwestern Montana: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 403-414.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"414","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Stillwater Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.929443359375,\n 46.151297121751725\n ],\n [\n -109.4183349609375,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -109.4293212890625,\n 46.07323062540838\n ],\n [\n -109.51446533203125,\n 46.07323062540838\n ],\n [\n -109.53094482421875,\n 45.975969187141885\n ],\n [\n -109.64080810546875,\n 45.979786584921676\n ],\n [\n -109.66278076171875,\n 45.74836030216746\n ],\n [\n -109.73693847656249,\n 45.75027686430362\n ],\n [\n -109.75616455078125,\n 45.523668225289775\n ],\n [\n -109.93194580078124,\n 45.519819502877084\n ],\n [\n -109.9456787109375,\n 45.415804475175044\n ],\n [\n -110.20111083984375,\n 45.41773242370463\n ],\n [\n -110.4949951171875,\n 45.42351587434774\n ],\n [\n -110.49774169921875,\n 45.079339209738094\n ],\n [\n -109.896240234375,\n 45.09485258791474\n ],\n [\n -109.89898681640625,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -109.69024658203124,\n 45.238151606298864\n ],\n [\n -109.69024658203124,\n 45.40037851725538\n ],\n [\n -109.44305419921875,\n 45.404235401683344\n ],\n [\n -109.4512939453125,\n 45.481317798141255\n ],\n [\n -109.14642333984375,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -109.16839599609374,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -108.92669677734374,\n 45.696588248373764\n ],\n [\n -108.929443359375,\n 46.151297121751725\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf73ae4b0e7a44bc0f125","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, Randolph","contributorId":88049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Page, Norman J.","contributorId":46492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160822,"text":"70160822 - 1973 - The Late Cretaceous ammonite Baculites undatus Stephenson in Colorado and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T17:22:50","indexId":"70160822","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Late Cretaceous ammonite Baculites undatus Stephenson in Colorado and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Baculites undatus Stephenson, originally described from the Nacatoch Sand of northeastern Texas, has been found in the Pierre Shale at 25 localities in Colorado and two in New Mexico. An early form of the species occurs in the zone of Didymoceras cheyennense (Meek and Hayden), and the typical form occurs in the overlying zones of Baculites compressus Say, B. cuneatus Cobban, and B. reesidei Elias. The species is characterized by its stout cross section, broad venter, conspicuous lateral and ventral ribs, and suture of about average complexity for the genus.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Cobban, W.A., 1973, The Late Cretaceous ammonite Baculites undatus Stephenson in Colorado and New Mexico: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 459-465.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"465","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313121,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313120,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.7646484375,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -104.21630859375,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -103.65600585937499,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -108.21533203125,\n 35.98689628443789\n ],\n [\n -108.7646484375,\n 41.15384235711447\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850efee4b0a04ef4933b3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cobban, W. A.","contributorId":21577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70161653,"text":"70161653 - 1973 - Stream-profile analysis and stream-gradient index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T13:32:16","indexId":"70161653","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream-profile analysis and stream-gradient index","docAbstract":"The generally regular three-dimensional geometry of drainage networks is the basis for a simple method of terrain analysis providing clues to bedrock conditions and other factors that determine topographic forms. On a reach of any stream, a gradient-index value can be obtained which allows meaningful comparisons of channel slope on streams of different sizes. The index is believed to reflect stream power or competence and is simply the product of the channel slope at a point and channel length measured along the longest stream above the point
where the calculation is made. In an adjusted topography, changes in gradient-index values along a stream generally correspond to differences in bedrock or introduced load. In any landscape the gradient index of a stream is related to total relief and stream regimen. Thus, climate, tectonic events, and geomorphic history must be considered in using the gradient index. Gradient-index values can be obtained quickly by simple measurements on topographic maps, or they can be obtained by more sophisticated photogrammetric measurements that involve simple computer calculations from x, y, z coordinates.
The Butano Sandstone is an Eocene continental borderland deep-sea fan deposit located in the Santa Cruz Mountains, Calif. Paleoslope measurements from contorted strata within it yield a regional northward paleoslope for the fan. Detailed paleocurrent measurements from conglomerate clast orientations, flute casts, groove casts, current-ripple markings, small-scale cross-strata, convolute laminations, and flame structures yield a sediment-dispersal pattern characterized by northward transport of coarser grained sediments downfan along major channels and transport of finer grained sediments outward and away from channels by overspilling. The overall paleocurrent pattern is oriented radially outward from the fan apex and indicates that the growth, development, and dispersal of sediments on this
ancient deep-sea fan resembled that on modern deep-sea fans.
An attempt to demonstrate the source-area concept of storm runoff by analysis of the rainfall-runoff relation for the watershed of Queen Creek tributary in south-central Arizona was moderately successful. The demonstration was somewhat marred by the necessity to make several simplifying assumptions to eliminate some of the many basin variables of unknown magnitude. The percentage of watershed contributing storm runoff was related to total rainfall received that is, antecedent and storm rainfall on the assumption that the availability of rainfall excess from any subarea was dependent on the saturation, or near saturation, of a permeable upper layer of soil. An average unit hydrograph was used for all computed sizes of the runoff-contributing area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Arteaga, F., and Rantz, S., 1973, Application of the source-area concept of storm runoff to a small Arizona watershed: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 493-498.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"498","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313090,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Queen Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.69319152832031,\n 33.32479103589785\n ],\n [\n -111.78039550781249,\n 33.173192085918075\n ],\n [\n -111.64512634277344,\n 33.06104689218276\n ],\n [\n -111.4398193359375,\n 33.06910311177054\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 33.1329513125159\n ],\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 33.36207616755027\n ],\n [\n -111.69319152832031,\n 33.32479103589785\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850e54e4b0a04ef49337df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arteaga, F.E.","contributorId":50918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arteaga","given":"F.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rantz, S. E.","contributorId":34106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rantz","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160815,"text":"70160815 - 1973 - Potential shale-oil resources of a stratigraphic sequence above the Mahogany Zone, Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T15:37:58","indexId":"70160815","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential shale-oil resources of a stratigraphic sequence above the Mahogany Zone, Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"In the southern part of the Piceance Creek basin the upper part of the Green River Formation above the Mahogany zone contains beds of rich oil shale which may be economically recoverable by a surface-mining operation. Four units within this sequence were evaluated for thickness, distribution, oil yield, and potential shale-oil resources. In the area appraised, total estimated resources of 128.5 billion bbl of oil are contained within the sequence. It is thickest in T. 3 S., R. 96 W., where 354 feet of oil shale yields an average of 14 gal of oil per ton, with a total resource of 9.0 billion bbl. It is richest in T. 5 S., R. 96 W., where 250 feet of oil shale yields an average of 19 gal of oil per ton, with a total resource of 6.5 billion bbl. Resources are tabulated for four units of the sequence.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Donnell, J., and Pitman, J.K., 1973, Potential shale-oil resources of a stratigraphic sequence above the Mahogany Zone, Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 467-473.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"473","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Eocene Green River Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.357666015625,\n 41.35619553438905\n ],\n [\n -109.49523925781249,\n 42.05745022024682\n ],\n [\n -107.083740234375,\n 42.094146370922736\n ],\n [\n -106.5509033203125,\n 41.545589036668105\n ],\n [\n -106.8475341796875,\n 38.843986129756615\n ],\n [\n -110.654296875,\n 38.796908303484294\n ],\n [\n -110.357666015625,\n 41.35619553438905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850ee2e4b0a04ef4933aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donnell, John R.","contributorId":84330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnell","given":"John R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160814,"text":"70160814 - 1973 - Spectrochemical computer analysis - instrumentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T16:36:23","indexId":"70160814","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectrochemical computer analysis - instrumentation","docAbstract":"A microphotometer is described for making magnetic tape recordings of spectra 480 mm long from 102- by 508-mm photographic plates. Transmission readings are recorded at a rate exceeding 1,300 per second for every 5.08 um of length of the spectrum, A two-line
cadmium fiducial line system and a developing tank for 102- by 508-mm plates also are described as equipment ancillary to a system of
computer spectral analysis applied to the spectrochemical analysis of geologic materials.
A Lower Jurassic ammonite has been found in metasiltstone of the Boyden Cave roof pendant, south-central Sierra Nevada, Calif. Although too poorly preserved to permit positive generic and specific identification, its general shape, coiling, and ornamentation are characteristic of Early Jurassic forms. Strata associated with the fossiliferous rocks in the pendant include quartzite, andalusite hornfels, and marble. This assemblage differs strikingly from nearby volcanic rocks to the east, some of which in the Ritter Range pendant also contain Lower Jurassic fossils. The presence of nonvolcanic Lower Jurassic rocks of the Boyden Cave pendant lying west of coeval volcanic rocks of the Ritter Range pendant is anomalous and may be the result of large-scale tectonic dislocations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Jones, D.L., and Moore, J.G., 1973, Lower Jurassic ammonite from the south-central Sierra Nevada, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 453-458.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"458","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.89339923858643,\n 36.84621224961691\n ],\n [\n -118.86284351348878,\n 36.848375822767856\n ],\n [\n -118.86168479919434,\n 36.839995928990916\n ],\n [\n -118.87164115905762,\n 36.82773352807189\n ],\n [\n -118.89030933380126,\n 36.828042688382304\n ],\n [\n -118.89339923858643,\n 36.84621224961691\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850ec7e4b0a04ef4933a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, David L.","contributorId":61925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}