{"pageNumber":"5629","pageRowStart":"140700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":5220936,"text":"5220936 - 1979 - Agnonistic behavior in short-billed dowitchers feeding on a patchy resource","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T16:38:56","indexId":"5220936","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agnonistic behavior in short-billed dowitchers feeding on a patchy resource","docAbstract":"<p>In this paper we describe an instance of unusual, agonistic behavior in a flock of migrant Short-billed Dowitchers (<i>Limnodromus griseus</i>) . We compare this behavior to that of other flocks feeding at the same time at other locations in the same estuary and then present evidence suggesting that this behavior resulted from the patchy distribution of the probable foraging resource of this flock, eggs of the horseshoe crab (<i>Limulus polyphemus</i>). We propose that an extremely patchy resource has increased the agonistic behavior within the flock by increasing the variation in foraging success among individuals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Mallory, E.P., and Schneider, D.C., 1979, Agnonistic behavior in short-billed dowitchers feeding on a patchy resource: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 91, no. 2, p. 271-278.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"278","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mallory, Elizabeth P.","contributorId":177126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mallory","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schneider, Davod C.","contributorId":7800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schneider","given":"Davod","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221135,"text":"5221135 - 1979 - Possible breeding colonies of Manx shearwater on the Island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T18:34:40","indexId":"5221135","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":601,"text":"'Elepaio","printIssn":"0013-6069","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible breeding colonies of Manx shearwater on the Island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Hawai'i Audobon Society","publisherLocation":"Honolulu, HI","usgsCitation":"Kepler, C.B., Jeffrey, J., and Scott, J.M., 1979, Possible breeding colonies of Manx shearwater on the Island of Hawaii: 'Elepaio, v. 39, no. 10, p. 115-116.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"116","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"39","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kepler, C. B.","contributorId":62548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kepler","given":"C.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jeffrey, J.","contributorId":66373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffrey","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, J. M.","contributorId":55766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221130,"text":"5221130 - 1979 - Recent changes in California condor eggshells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T12:20:40.415921","indexId":"5221130","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent changes in California condor eggshells","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1367284","usgsCitation":"Kiff, L., Peakall, D.B., and Wilbur, S., 1979, Recent changes in California condor eggshells: Condor, v. 81, no. 2, p. 166-172, https://doi.org/10.2307/1367284.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503137,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol81/iss2/8","text":"External Repository"},{"id":197376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -126.46574321950874,\n              42.89600118197984\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.46574321950874,\n              31.826130574975352\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.28214946950894,\n              31.826130574975352\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.28214946950894,\n              42.89600118197984\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.46574321950874,\n              42.89600118197984\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683eb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiff, L.F.","contributorId":29527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiff","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peakall, David B.","contributorId":48263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peakall","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilbur, S.R.","contributorId":53908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221459,"text":"5221459 - 1979 - Organochlorine residues in young herons from the upper Mississippi River-1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T13:23:24","indexId":"5221459","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in young herons from the upper Mississippi River-1976","docAbstract":"Chicks of great blue herons (Ardea herodias) from four heronaries located near South St. Paul, Royalton, and Wabasha, Minnesota, and La Crosse, Wisconsin, were analyzed for organochlorines, Highest mean wet-weight concentrations, 6.43 ppm PCBs. 1.31 ppm DDE, and 1.90 ppm sigma DDT, were found in the South St. Paul chicks. Among chicks from the other three heronries, most levels were similar, but were significantly lower than levels in South St. Paul chicks. Lowest mean organochlorine levels, 0.37 ppm DDE, 0.38 ppm sigma DDT, and 0.22 ppm PCBs, were found in chicks from Royalton. All birds from South St. Paul and La Crosse contained residues of DDT and TDE whereas only one of the 10 birds from Royalton contained DDT and one contained TDE residues. Five of the 12 birds from Wabasha contained DDT; eight contained TDE. Except for PCB residues in La Crosse heron chicks, the rate of organochlorine residue accumulation in the birds was generally less than the rate of dilution caused by growth.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., Elder, J., Stendell, R., Hensler, G.L., and Johnson, R., 1979, Organochlorine residues in young herons from the upper Mississippi River-1976: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 13, no. 3, p. 115-119.","productDescription":"115-119","startPage":"115","endPage":"119","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269770,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26112087"},{"id":198456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elder, J. B.","contributorId":39488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stendell, Rey C.","contributorId":82263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stendell","given":"Rey C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hensler, Gary L.","contributorId":23111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensler","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, R.W.","contributorId":83194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5221107,"text":"5221107 - 1979 - Why some deer are safe from wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221107","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2825,"text":"Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why some deer are safe from wolves","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural History","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., 1979, Why some deer are safe from wolves: Natural History, v. 88, no. 1, p. 70-77.","productDescription":"70-77","startPage":"70","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db545297","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221127,"text":"5221127 - 1979 - Noteworthy ornithological records from Abaco, Bahamas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5221127","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Noteworthy ornithological records from Abaco, Bahamas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"King, W., Snyder, N., Segnestam, M., and Grantham, J., 1979, Noteworthy ornithological records from Abaco, Bahamas: American Birds, v. 33, no. 5, p. 746-748.","productDescription":"746-748","startPage":"746","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696933","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, W.B.","contributorId":46898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, N.F.R.","contributorId":59383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"N.F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segnestam, M.","contributorId":6159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segnestam","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grantham, J.","contributorId":24885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantham","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5220915,"text":"5220915 - 1979 - Nesting waterfowl in the central Atlantic states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:51","indexId":"5220915","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:17","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":939,"text":"Audubon Naturalist News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting waterfowl in the central Atlantic states","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Audubon Naturalist News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., 1979, Nesting waterfowl in the central Atlantic states: Audubon Naturalist News, v. 5, no. 6.","productDescription":"8","startPage":"8","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697bdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221466,"text":"5221466 - 1979 - Teratogenic effects of external egg applications of methyl mercury in the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-23T15:49:52.068385","indexId":"5221466","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:15","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3529,"text":"Teratology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Teratogenic effects of external egg applications of methyl mercury in the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos","docAbstract":"The embryotoxic potential of external applications of methyl mercury on mallard eggs was investigated to assess the possible impact of mercury transferred from the plumage of effluent-contaminated aquatic birds to their eggs. Eggs were treated on day 3 of development with microliter applications of methyl mercury that was dissolved with ethyl acetate into an aliphatic hydrocarbon vehicle. Mercury analysis by atomic absorption indicated that almost half of the mercury applied entered the eggs past the shell membranes within several days of treatment. Most mortality occurred within this period at doses of 9 microgram of mercury per egg or higher. Decreased embryonic growth resulted with similar doses. A significant incidence of malformations occurred at a dose of 1 microgram per egg. These malformations were mainly minor skeletal aberrations and incomplete ossification. With higher doses of mercury, defects included gross external ones such as micromella, gastroschisis, and eye and brain defects. Application of the aliphatic hydrocarbon vehicle did not result in any of these defects.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tera.1420200315","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., and Moore, J.N., 1979, Teratogenic effects of external egg applications of methyl mercury in the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos: Teratology, v. 20, no. 3, p. 453-461, https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420200315.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"461","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199394,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":13668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221468,"text":"5221468 - 1979 - Embryotoxic effects of crude oil containing nickel and vanadium in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T12:19:41.303796","indexId":"5221468","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:15","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryotoxic effects of crude oil containing nickel and vanadium in mallards","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01769942","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., 1979, Embryotoxic effects of crude oil containing nickel and vanadium in mallards: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 23, no. 1/2, p. 203-206, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01769942.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197150,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1/2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60595c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222146,"text":"5222146 - 1979 - Annual weight cycle in wild screech owls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:09:04","indexId":"5222146","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual weight cycle in wild screech owls","docAbstract":"<p>The annual weight cycle of wild birds of prey has received little attention in the past, primarily because of the difficulty in capturing and recapturing them. Screech Owls (<i>Otus asio</i>) are resident in our northern Ohio study area and readily occupy nest boxes established for Wood Ducks (<i>Aix sponsa</i>) (see VanCamp and Henny 1975). In addition to nesting in the boxes, the owls use them as roosting and feeding stations during the winter and are easily captured in the boxes during the day. Therefore, the owls presented an unusual opportunity to obtain information on their annual weight cycle.</p><p>Between January 1975 and December 1978, Screech Owls were captured, weighed, and banded. Several were subsequently recaptured and weighed again to form the basis of this report. It is difficult to sex live Screech Owls in the field because they are not sexually dimorphic; however, Sherman (1911) noted that females did all of the incubating. We sexed adult owls with young at nest sites by the presence (female) or absence (male) of a brood patch. Owls captured away from nests during the nesting season without brood patches, or at other times of the year, were classified as sex unknown, unless they were previously captured at a nest with young. Screech Owls in northern Ohio have young in the nests from mid-April through early June.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., and VanCamp, L.F., 1979, Annual weight cycle in wild screech owls: The Auk, v. 96, no. 4, p. 795-796.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"795","endPage":"796","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18132,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085668"}],"volume":"96","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b755","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"VanCamp, Laurel F.","contributorId":20402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanCamp","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5220958,"text":"5220958 - 1979 - Preliminary evaluation of a national wildlife and fish data base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:53","indexId":"5220958","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3638,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary evaluation of a national wildlife and fish data base","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hoekstra, T., Schweitzer, D., Cushwa, C., Anderson, S., and Barnes, R., 1979, Preliminary evaluation of a national wildlife and fish data base: Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, v. 44, p. 380-391.","productDescription":"380-391","startPage":"380","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c43d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoekstra, T.W.","contributorId":74482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoekstra","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schweitzer, D.L.","contributorId":100976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweitzer","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cushwa, C.T.","contributorId":92317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushwa","given":"C.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnes, R.B.","contributorId":53393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5220791,"text":"5220791 - 1979 - Some observations on the behavior of captive bald eagles before and during incubation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:38","indexId":"5220791","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3234,"text":"Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some observations on the behavior of captive bald eagles before and during incubation","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gerrard, P., Wiemeyer, S.N., and Gerrard, J., 1979, Some observations on the behavior of captive bald eagles before and during incubation: Raptor Research, v. 13, no. 2, p. 57-64.","productDescription":"57-64","startPage":"57","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a203","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerrard, P.N.","contributorId":12944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerrard","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerrard, J.M.","contributorId":79185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerrard","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5220977,"text":"5220977 - 1979 - Hawk count research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:47","indexId":"5220977","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2874,"text":"Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hawk count research","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M., 1979, Hawk count research: Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America, v. 4, no. 2, p. 1-2.","productDescription":"1-2","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221470,"text":"5221470 - 1979 - Cholinesterase activity in Japanese quail dusted with carbaryl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:46","indexId":"5221470","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2591,"text":"Laboratory Animal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cholinesterase activity in Japanese quail dusted with carbaryl","docAbstract":"Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were dusted with 5% carbaryl to determine if this topical treatment would alter plasma and brain cholinesterase activities. Within 6 hours after dusting, plasma cholinesterase activity was depressed compared with controls, the depression averaging 20% for females and 27% for males. By 24 hours the cholinesterase activity of females had returned to normal, but the cholinesterase activity of males remained depressed. Brain cholinesterase activity was not affected by the treatment, and there were no overt toxic signs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Laboratory Animal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., 1979, Cholinesterase activity in Japanese quail dusted with carbaryl: Laboratory Animal Science, v. 29, no. 3, p. 349-352.","productDescription":"349-352","startPage":"349","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499fe4b07f02db5bd045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221473,"text":"5221473 - 1979 - Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-14T16:28:18.623781","indexId":"5221473","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks","docAbstract":"<p>Three generations of mallard ducks (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) were fed either a control diet or a diet containing 0.5 ppm mercury in the form of methylmercury. The levels of mercury in adult tissues and eggs remained about the same over 3 generations. The methylmercury diet had no effect on adult weights or weight changes during the reproductive season. Females fed a diet containing 0.5 ppm mercury laid a greater percentage of their eggs outside their nestboxes than did controls, and also laid fewer eggs and produced fewer ducklings. Methylmercury in the diet appeared to result in a small amount of eggshell thinning. Ducklings from parents fed methylmercury were less responsive than controls to tape-recorded maternal calls, but were hyper-responsive to a frightening stimulus in avoidance tests; there were no significant differences in locomotor activity in an open-field test.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800348","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., 1979, Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 43, no. 2, p. 394-401, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800348.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"394","endPage":"401","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62da37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221469,"text":"5221469 - 1979 - Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of crude oil on mallard embryos on day one of development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T12:04:24.717021","indexId":"5221469","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of crude oil on mallard embryos on day one of development","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02026999","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., 1979, Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of crude oil on mallard embryos on day one of development: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 22, no. 4/5, p. 632-637, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02026999.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"632","endPage":"637","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4/5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221471,"text":"5221471 - 1979 - Organochlorine and mercury residues in Swainson's hawk eggs from the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T16:01:40.044589","indexId":"5221471","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2793,"text":"Murrelet","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine and mercury residues in Swainson's hawk eggs from the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"<p> Many raptorial species in the Pacific Northwest have not been studied from the viewpoint of pollutant contamination. The Swainson's Hawk (<i>Buteo swainsoni</i>) is particularly interesting because of its highly migratory characteristic; it apparently winters primarily in Argentina (Brown and Amadon 1968, Houston 1968). White and Cade (1977) and others have suggested Central America and South America as possible sources of pesticide contamination for wintering raptors from North America. The spraying of DDT in the Northwest in 1974 provided the opportunity to study several forest-dwelling raptors (Henny 1977); and in 1976, we made a special effort to collect a series of eggs of Swainson's Hawks from northeastern Oregon (some adjacent to the area sprayed with DDT in 1974) and southeastern Washington. This study was undertaken to determine organochlorine pesticide and other pollutant burdens in the Swainson's Hawk. </p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology","doi":"10.2307/3534457","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., and Kaiser, T., 1979, Organochlorine and mercury residues in Swainson's hawk eggs from the Pacific Northwest: Murrelet, v. 60, no. 1, p. 2-5, https://doi.org/10.2307/3534457.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.937255859375,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.488037109375,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.488037109375,\n              47.092565552235705\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.937255859375,\n              47.092565552235705\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.937255859375,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68ab26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, T. E.","contributorId":75486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221472,"text":"5221472 - 1979 - Elimination of endrin by mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:56","indexId":"5221472","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3610,"text":"Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elimination of endrin by mallard ducks","docAbstract":"Endrin is very toxic to birds and has been implicated in the deaths of birds in nature. However, it is not known how rapidly birds eliminate endrin, a factor important in determining how much is accumulated in tissues. In this study, the loss rate of endrin was followed for 64 days in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) drakes that had been fed 20 ppm endrin for 13 days. The loss from carcass and blood was described by the equation Y = a e b square root of x where Y = the concentration of endrin in ppm, a = the concentration at day 0, e = the base of natural logarithms, b = the first order rate constant for the elimination process, and x = the number of days after cessation of endrin treatment. Endrin was lost rapidly at first; concentrations in carcasses on a wet-weight basis decreased by 50% in the first 3 days. Thereafter, endrin was eliminated more slowly; elimination of 50% of the remainder required 8.9 days, and it took 32.9 days to lose 90% of the original amount.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0300-483X(79)90065-9","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., and Johnson, R., 1979, Elimination of endrin by mallard ducks: Toxicology, v. 12, no. 3, p. 189-196, https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(79)90065-9.","productDescription":"189-196","startPage":"189","endPage":"196","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18130,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(79)90065-9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, R.W.","contributorId":83194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222562,"text":"5222562 - 1979 - Comparison of game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks in accumulation of methylmercury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-12T10:57:56","indexId":"5222562","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2260,"text":"Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks in accumulation of methylmercury","docAbstract":"The accumulation of mercury was compared in game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks fed a diet containing 0.5 ppm mercury in the form of methylmercury dicyandiamide. There were no significant differences between the two strains in levels of mercury that accumulated in blood, kidney, liver, breast muscle, brain, eggs, or ducklings. Mercury levels in blood were significantly correlated with levels in other tissues and eggs, as were levels in down feathers of ducklings with levels in carcasses of ducklings. The results indicate that game-farm mallards are probably suitable substitutes for wild mallards in toxicological work, that blood samples can be used to estimate levels of mercury in other tissues of adults, and that down feathers are predictive of mercury levels in duckling carcasses.","language":"English","publisher":"Pathotox Publishers","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., 1979, Comparison of game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks in accumulation of methylmercury: Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology, v. 3, no. 1/2, p. 379-386.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.76022338867186,\n              46.85197387272273\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.62323760986328,\n              46.85197387272273\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.62323760986328,\n              46.94323087731894\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.76022338867186,\n              46.94323087731894\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.76022338867186,\n              46.85197387272273\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"1/2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae323","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221153,"text":"5221153 - 1979 - Return of the swift fox to northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221153","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3176,"text":"Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Return of the swift fox to northern Great Plains","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hillman, C.N., and Sharps, J., 1979, Return of the swift fox to northern Great Plains: Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, v. 57, p. 154-162.","productDescription":"154-162","startPage":"154","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6043c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hillman, C. N.","contributorId":87650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharps, J.C.","contributorId":93592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharps","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221155,"text":"5221155 - 1979 - Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:36","indexId":"5221155","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":986,"text":"Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance","docAbstract":"An experimental study of the role of howling in wolf territory maintenance was conducted in the Superior National Forest, Minnesota. Vocal replies and behaviour of radio-collared wolves in response to human howls were analyzed for eight packs and 10 lone wolves during a 2-year period. Reply rate varied significantly throughout the year. A mid-winter increase was correlated with the breeding season, especially for groups containing breeding animals (alpha male or alpha female). A second, longer increase in reply rate started in midsummer, peaked about August, and declined to a low in early winter. The decline in autumn howling response occurred sooner in a pack whose pups developed faster. Through the year, the howling reply rate was significantly higher among all packs and lone wolves attending prey kills. The more food remaining at a kill, the higher the reply rate was. For wolves separated from their pack, the howling reply rate was dependent on their age and social role. Among adults, only alpha males ever replied alone, and their reply rate, and number of howls per session, exceeded those of other animals. Alpha males sometimes approached during howling sessions, whereas other adults usually retreated. Younger animals replied more often as pups than as yearlings, and then only during their first 7 months, after which they replied little more than most adults. Finally, larger packs replied more often than smaller packs. Specific behaviours noted during howling sessions, including movements away from the howler, indicated that howling was related to interpack agonism. In addition, three of the major factors influencing reply rate also significantly affect the level of agonism toward pack strangers : pack size, social role, and breeding season. The other two factors, kills and pups, are both important pack resources necessitating exclusive occupancy of a site. The high reply rates at sites containing kills or pups constitute strong circumstantial evidence that howling is important in territory maintenance. During howling sessions, wolves usually remained near their original site after replying, or retreated if they remained silent. This difference apparently was related to the problem of avoiding both accidental and deliberate encounters, and to cost/benefit considerations at the wolves' location. Howling was considered most effective in mediating avoidance in two situations : when two packs approached a common area of overlap, and when a pack returned to an area little used for weeks, in which scent posts would have lost effectiveness in deterring strangers. Both scent-marking and howling apparently are important in spacing. However, they differ in their roles and are complementary, with scent-marking being long-term and site-specific, and howling being immediate and long-range. Finally, lone wolves which do not possess territories, rarely replied, sharing the 'low-profile' behaviour expected of surplus animals in a territorial population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1163/156853979X00322","collaboration":"2217_Harrington.pdf","usgsCitation":"Harrington, F., and Mech, L., 1979, Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance: Behaviour, v. 68, no. 3-4, p. 207-249, https://doi.org/10.1163/156853979X00322.","productDescription":"207-249","startPage":"207","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18128,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853979X00322","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"68","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48f3e4b07f02db55aa8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrington, F.H.","contributorId":14524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5220976,"text":"5220976 - 1979 - Report forms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5220976","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2874,"text":"Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report forms","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M., and Robbins, C., 1979, Report forms: Newsletter of the Hawk Migration Association of North America, v. 4, no. 2, p. 1-3.","productDescription":"1-3","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633e11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222342,"text":"5222342 - 1979 - Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America:  III. The Baja California and Gulf of California population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T15:55:46.360546","indexId":"5222342","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:14","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1136,"text":"Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America:  III. The Baja California and Gulf of California population","docAbstract":"<p><span>An estimated 810 ± 55 pairs (minimum estimate) of ospreys (<i>Pandion haliaetus</i>) were nesting in the study area during our survey (24 March-1 April 1977). Approximately 174 pairs nested along the Pacific side of Baja California, 255 pairs along the gulf side, 187 pairs on the Midriff Islands, and 194 pairs in coastal Sonora and Sinaloa. Most nested on cliffs adjacent to the sea (59%); some nested on cactus in flat terrain (26%). Seven per cent nested on the ground, three percent nested in mangroves and other trees in the southern portion of the study area, and four percent nested on man-made structures. The extreme northwestern Baja California population that was extirpated early in this century has not recovered. However, several populations immediately to the south along the Pacific Coast now appear stationary. Pesticide residues in osprey eggs from Mexico were among the lowest reported for the species in North America.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"The Southern California Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., and Anderson, D.W., 1979, Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America:  III. The Baja California and Gulf of California population: Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, v. 78, no. 2, p. 89-106.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":374769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scholar.oxy.edu/scas/vol78/iss2/1/"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.06103515625,\n              22.695120184965695\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.41357421875,\n              23.805449612314625\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.47802734375,\n              31.090574094954192\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9609375,\n              32.58384932565662\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.09228515624999,\n              32.39851580247402\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.97167968750001,\n              29.707139348134145\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.27978515625,\n              28.246327971048842\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.11474609375001,\n              28.536274512989916\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.68603515624999,\n              27.9361805667694\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.203125,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.65380859375,\n              25.58208527870072\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.43408203124999,\n              24.78673454198888\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.93994140625,\n              23.443088931121785\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.06103515625,\n              22.695120184965695\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, D. W.","contributorId":48519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221189,"text":"5221189 - 1979 - White-crowned pigeon: Status rangewide and in the Dominican Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:48","indexId":"5221189","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"White-crowned pigeon: Status rangewide and in the Dominican Republic","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Arendt, W., Vargas Mora, T., and Wiley, J.W., 1979, White-crowned pigeon: Status rangewide and in the Dominican Republic: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 33, p. 111-122.","productDescription":"111-122","startPage":"111","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arendt, W.J.","contributorId":72479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arendt","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vargas Mora, T.A.","contributorId":43071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vargas Mora","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiley, J. W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221180,"text":"5221180 - 1979 - Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in blood plasma of quail, pheasants, and cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:47","indexId":"5221180","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":734,"text":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in blood plasma of quail, pheasants, and cranes","docAbstract":"Rate of appearance, peak concentration, and the biological half-life of gentamicin in the plasma of quail (Coturnix coturnix), pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), and cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) were studied. Gentamicin was given IM in doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of body weight. Peak plasma concentrations occurred earliest in the quail, latest in the cranes. The peak concentrations varied directly with the administered doses in all species. The biological half-life of gentamicin was 42 +/- 12 minutes in the quail, 75 +/- 15 minutes in the pheasants, and 165 +/- 37 minutes in the cranes. On the basis of the present data, dosage regimens for gentaminic of 5 mg/kg every 8 hours in pheasants and cranes, and 10 mg/kg every 6 hours in quail, would be expected to give constant plasma concentrations greater than 4.0 micrograms/ml.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Custer, R., Bush, M., and Carpenter, J.W., 1979, Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in blood plasma of quail, pheasants, and cranes: American Journal of Veterinary Research, v. 40, no. 6, p. 892-895.","productDescription":"892-895","startPage":"892","endPage":"895","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db68787d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, R.S.","contributorId":27579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bush, M.","contributorId":20433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bush","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}