The San Francisco River area includes about 950 square miles in Greenlee County in east-central Arizona. Water-resources development has been slight compared with that in many areas in Arizona. In 1978 about 500 acre-feet of water was diverted for irrigation from the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and about 550 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn from wells for municipal use at Clifton. Surface water and ground water generally contained less than 500 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids; however, in the San Francisco River the dissolved-solids concentration increased from 263 to 885 milligrams per liter as the water moved downstream. The increase in dissolved solids was caused by inflow from springs near Clifton, one of which contained 11,700 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids. Information shown on the maps includes altitude of the water level, depth to water, well depth, streamflow characteristics of the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and dissolved-solids and fluoride concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80441","usgsCitation":"Mann, L.J., 1980, Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-441, 2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80441.","productDescription":"2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410221,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11635.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":83191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Greenlee county","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco River area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.464,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -109.464,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -109.464,\n 33.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, Larry J.","contributorId":48531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012387,"text":"70012387 - 1980 - Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:35:20.182875","indexId":"70012387","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone","docAbstract":"Approximately 100 heat flow measurements in the San Andreas fault zone indicate (1) there is no evidence for local factional heating of the main fault trace at any latitude over a 1000-km length from Cape Mendocino to San Bernardino, (2) average heat flow is high (∼2 HFU, ∼80 mW m−2) throughout the 550-km segment of the Coast Ranges that encloses the San Andreas fault zone in central California; this broad anomaly falls off rapidly toward the Great Valley to the east, and over a 200-km distance toward the Mendocino Triple Junction to the northwest. As others have pointed out, a local conductive heat flow anomaly would be detectable unless the frictional resistance allocated to heat production on the main trace were ≲100 bars. Frictional work allocated to surface energy of new fractures is probably unimportant, and hydrologic convection is not likely to invalidate the conduction assumption, since the heat discharge by thermal springs near the fault is negligible. Explanations for the low dynamic friction fall into two intergradational classes: those in which the fault is weak all of the time and those in which it is weak only during earthquakes (possibly just large ones). The first class includes faults containing anomalously weak gouge materials and faults containing materials with normal frictional properties under near-lithostatic steady state fluid pressures. In the second class, weakening is caused by the event (for example, a thermally induced increase in fluid pressure, dehydration of clay minerals, or acoustic fluidization). In this class, unlike the first, the average strength and ambient tectonic shear stress may be large, ∼1 kbar, but the stress allocated to elastic radiation (the apparent stress) must be of similar magnitude, an apparent contradiction with seismic estimates. Unless seismic radiation is underestimated for large earthquakes, it is difficult to justify average tectonic stresses on the main trace of the San Andreas fault in excess of ∼200 bars. The development of the broad Coast Range heat flow anomaly southward from Cape Mendocino suggests that heat flow increases by a factor of 2 within 4 m.y. after the passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction. This passage leaves the San Andreas transform fault zone in its wake; the depth of the anomalous sources cannot be much greater than the depth of the seismogenic layer. Some of the anomalous heat may be supplied by conduction from the warmer mantle that must occur south of the Mendocino transform (where there is no subducting slab), and some might be supplied by shear heating in the fault zone. With no contribution from shear heating, extreme mantle upwelling would be required, and asthenosphere conditions should exist today at depths of only ∼20 km in the northernmost Coast Ranges. If there is an appreciable contribution from shear heating, the heat flow constraint implies that the seismogenic layer is partially decoupled at its base and that the basal traction is in the sense that resists right lateral motion on the fault(s). As a result of these basal tractions, the average shearing stress in the seismogenic layer would increase with distance from the main fault, and the seismogenic layer would offer substantial resistance to plate motion even though resistance on the main fault might be negligible. These speculative models have testable consequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB085iB11p06185","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A., and Sass, J., 1980, Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 85, no. B11, p. 6185-6223, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB11p06185.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"6185","endPage":"6223","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ff7e4b0c8380cd5d26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012217,"text":"70012217 - 1980 - Remote sensing of snow and ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T16:09:47.239752","indexId":"70012217","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1926,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of snow and ice","docAbstract":"Monitoring of snow and ice on the Earth's surface will require increasing use of satellite remote sensing techniques. These techniques are evolving rapidly. Active and passive sensors operating in the visible, near infrared, thermal infrared, and microwave wavelengths are described in regard to general applications and in regard to specific USA or USSR satellites. Meteorological satellites (frequent images of relatively crude resolution) and Earth resources satellites such as Landsat (less frequent images of higher resolution) have been used to monitor the areal extent of seasonal snow, but problems exist with cloud cover or dense forest canopies. Snow mass (water equivalent) can be measured from a low-flying aircraft using natural radioactivity, but cannot yet be measured from satellite altitudes. A combination of active and passive microwave sensors may permit this kind of measurement, but not until more is known about radiation scattering in snow. Satellite observations are very useful in glacier inventories, correcting maps of glacier extent, estimating certain mass balance parameters, and monitoring calving or surging glaciers. Ground ice is virtually impossible to monitor from satellites; ice on rivers and lakes can be monitored only with very high-resolution sensors. Microwave sensors, due to their all-weather capability (the ability to see through clouds) provide exciting data on sea ice distribution. Analysis of digital tapes of satellite data requires the archiving and scanning of huge amounts of data. Simple methods for extracting quantitative data from satellite images are described.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668009491937","issn":"03036936","usgsCitation":"Meier, M.F., 1980, Remote sensing of snow and ice: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, v. 25, no. 3, p. 307-330, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa704e4b0c8380cd8519b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, M. F.","contributorId":98713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045306,"text":"70045306 - 1980 - Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:21:12","indexId":"70045306","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1979","docAbstract":"This report is a digest of information furnished by Federal Agencies on sedimentation investigations, both ongoing and planned. Included in the report are a review of important findings, new methodologies, new publications, laboratory and other research activities, and other pertinent information. The material is organized on the basis of the 21 water resources regions delineated by the U.S. Water Resources Council (WRC) for use in the national assessment (see figure 1). A listing by WRC region of stations at which sediment data have been obtained is given in table 3 of the appendix. Within each region, the stations are arranged according to their 8-digit hydrologic unit code. Stations for which the hydrologic unit code was not available are given at the end of the listing under \"Miscellaneous.\" Also given in the appendix is an explanation of the column headings in the station listings, the code number and abbreviations used for State, county, and other areas (table 1), and the code for each organization reporting activities in this volume (table 2).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Office of Water Data Coordination","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculure Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Highway Administration, and the Tennessee Valley Authority","usgsCitation":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation, 1980, Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1979, viii, 543 p.","productDescription":"viii, 543 p.","numberOfPages":"554","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":270683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045306/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272706,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045306/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5165386ee4b077fa94dadfd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation","contributorId":127893,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation","id":535466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012570,"text":"70012570 - 1980 - Satellite remote sensing of water turbidity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:05:38","indexId":"70012570","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1926,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite remote sensing of water turbidity","docAbstract":"Remote sensing instruments obtain an optical measure of water colour and turbidity. Colour increases the absorption of light in water and decreases the remotely sensed signal; turbidity increases the backscatter of light. For low concentrations of suspended materials, spectral reflectance is determined mostly by the absorptance characteristics of water; for higher concentrations, the absorptance characteristics of suspended particles are the most important factors. -from Authorwater colour suspended materials
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668009491950","issn":"03036936","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.K., 1980, Satellite remote sensing of water turbidity: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, v. 25, no. 4, p. 407-421, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491950.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"421","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491950","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86e5e4b08c986b3161b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Gerald K.","contributorId":14377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012356,"text":"70012356 - 1980 - Geochemical exploration for uranium in playas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T14:08:10.947951","indexId":"70012356","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical exploration for uranium in playas","docAbstract":"Southwestern Kansas is one of the principal areas of ground-water development for irrigation in the State, and many reports are available concerning ground-water conditions in the area. The purposes of this investigation were to consolidate and update data, to determine the extent and effects of irrigation development on the ground-water resource, to determine the chemical quality of the ground water in relation to irrigation use, to describe the general operation of the hydrologic system, and to identify problem areas where intensive quantitative studies will be needed by State and local agencies for planning and management of the resource. This study began in 1972 as part of a cooperative program of ground-water investigations between the Kansas Geological Survey and the U.S. Geological Survey. Support in this study was provided by the Division of Water Resources of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture and the Division of Environment of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80218","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Gutentag, E.D., Lobmeyer, D.H., and Slagle, S.E., 1980, Geohydrology of southwestern Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-218, Report: 97 p.; 11 Plates: 31.40 x 27.20 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80218.","productDescription":"Report: 97 p.; 11 Plates: 31.40 x 27.20 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402936,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402933,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402930,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402928,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402927,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402926,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402932,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402935,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402931,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402929,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402934,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402925,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0218/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.04376220703125,\n 37.004746084814784\n ],\n [\n -100.04974365234375,\n 37.004746084814784\n ],\n [\n -100.04974365234375,\n 38.47079371120379\n ],\n [\n -102.04376220703125,\n 38.47079371120379\n ],\n [\n -102.04376220703125,\n 37.004746084814784\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutentag, Edwin D.","contributorId":76287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutentag","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lobmeyer, David H.","contributorId":85156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lobmeyer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slagle, Steven E.","contributorId":35284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slagle","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012317,"text":"70012317 - 1980 - Water resources of the People's Republic of China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-19T00:37:28.23101","indexId":"70012317","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water resources of the People's Republic of China","docAbstract":"At the invitation of the Society of Hydraulic Engineers of the People's Republic of China (PRC), a delegation of U.S. hydrologists and hydraulic engineers visited the PRC in the fall of 1978.* From discussions with officials of both the Society and the Ministry of Water Conservancy and Power (MWCP), and from visits to research and academic institutions and water projects, the delegation gained a general understanding of the country's surface water resources. The reported statistics, supplemented with others from published sources, provide a quantitative description of the PRC's water resources in relation to those of the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO061i046p00891","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Matalas, N., and Nordin, C., 1980, Water resources of the People's Republic of China: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 61, no. 46, p. 891-901, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO061i046p00891.","productDescription":"11 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One study evaluates reactions in a lagoon on the east coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
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Classifying Federal lands and supervising lessee mineral extraction operations on those lands were also major Survey concerns during the year. In addition, substantial progress was made in the exploration and assessment of the petroleum potential of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska, a recently assigned mission. These basic missions found expression in a wide range of program activities and interests as diverse as the sands of Mars and the volcanoes of Hawaii. Programs included assessment of numerous potential energy and mineral resources, study of earthquakes and other geologic hazards, appraisal of the magnitude and quality of the Nation's water resources, and supervision of lease operations on Federal lands. The Survey also was involved in developing data on land use and producing topographic, geologic, and hydrologic maps for public and private use. In cooperation with other Federal agencies, the Survey participated in studies under the U.S. Climate Program and continued its analysis of data received from the two Viking landers on the surface of Mars. On April 3, 1978, Dr. H. William Menard became the 10th Director of the U.S. Geological Survey. Dr. Menard, who, until his appointment, was Professor of Geology at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, Calif., brings to the Director's post the experience gained in a long and successful career as a marine geologist and oceanographer. He succeeds Dr. Vincent E. McKelvey, who continues with the Survey as a senior research scientist.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039032","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1979, United States Geological Survey Yearbook, fiscal year 1978: Yearbook, vi, 208 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039032.","productDescription":"vi, 208 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261269,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039032/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"73.02 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039032/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc90e4b08c986b328ce9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70040787,"text":"70040787 - 1979 - Hydrologic and water-quality appraisal of southeast Nassau County, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-16T11:52:20","indexId":"70040787","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":263,"text":"Long Island Water Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"LIWR-13","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality appraisal of southeast Nassau County, Long Island, New York","language":"English","publisher":"Nassau County Department of Public Works","publisherLocation":"Mineola, NY","usgsCitation":"Ku, H., and Sulam, D., 1979, Hydrologic and water-quality appraisal of southeast Nassau County, Long Island, New York: Long Island Water Resources Bulletin LIWR-13, 129 p.","productDescription":"129 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.76,40.48 ], [ -79.76,45.02 ], [ -71.86,45.02 ], [ -71.86,40.48 ], [ -79.76,40.48 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50a76ec7e4b0e93eb366ee99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ku, H.F.H.","contributorId":53012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ku","given":"H.F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sulam, D.J.","contributorId":99610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulam","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9557,"text":"ofr791163 - 1979 - Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9557,"text":"ofr791163 - 1979 - Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone","indexId":"ofr791163","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043754,"text":"70043754 - 1981 - Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone","indexId":"70043754","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043754,"text":"70043754 - 1981 - Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone","indexId":"70043754","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-29T15:46:44.414142","indexId":"ofr791163","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1163","title":"Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone","docAbstract":"The lower Dirty Devil River basin area in southeastern Utah has an area of about 4,300 square miles (11,1140 square kilometers) and ranges in altitude from about 3,700 to more than 11,000 feet (1,130 to 3,350 meters) above mean sea level. Precipitation, the main source of water in the area, ranges from slightly less than 6 inches (152 millimeters) per year in the lowlands to more than 30 inches per year (762 millimeters) in the Henry Mountains and along the western boundary.
Rocks that crop out in or underlie the area range from the Precambrian to the Holocene in age. The thickness of the composite section of sedimentary rocks ranges from about 7,300 feet (2,200 meters) to about 23,000 feet (7,000 meters). The Entrada, Navajo, Wingate, and Coconino Sandstones and rocks of Mississippian age are considered major aquifers because of their large areal extent or thickness or their known locally large yields to wells. The chemical quality of the water in these aquifers ranges from fresh to briny.
The permeability of the aquifers in the area is affected by folding, faulting, and igneous intrusion. These geologic processes have locally enhanced ground-water circulation by fracturing or impeded circulation by offsetting permeable beds or sealing some zones with rocks of lower permeability.
The total hydrologic system in the lower Dirty Devil River basin has estimated long-term average annual inflow and outflow of about 1.6 million acre-feet (1,970 cubic hectometers), of which about 1.55 million acre-feet (1,910 cubic hectometers) is derived from precipitation. An estimated 96 percent of the water available to the area is consumed by evapotranspiration.
The estimated gross annual average ground-water recharge is 34,000 acre-feet (42 cubic hectometers), of which 5,000 acre-feet (6.2 cubic hectometers) recharges the Navajo Sandstone. Recoverable fresh to moderately saline water stored in the Navajo, Wingate, and Coconino Sandstones is estimated to be 210 million acre-feet (259,000 cubic hectometers), of which 89 million acre-feet (110,000 cubic hectometers) is stored in the Navajo alone.
Long-term large withdrawals from the Navajo Sandstone are feasible. Withdrawal of 12,000 gallons per minute (757 liters per second) over a period of about 36 years probably would diminish the amount of water in storage by less than 1 percent. The withdrawals, would eventually diminish the average annual discharge of the Dirty Devil River by possibly as much as 13 cubic feet per second (0.37 cubic meter per second). A change of this magnitude on the flow of the Colorado River would be too small to measure.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791163","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Hood, J.W., and Danielson, T.W., 1979, Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1163, Report: 175 p.; 14 Figures: 25.47 x 33.30 inches or smaller; 26 Tables: 17.15 x 22.36 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791163.","productDescription":"Report: 175 p.; 14 Figures: 25.47 x 33.30 inches or smaller; 26 Tables: 17.15 x 22.36 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498132,"rank":32,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1163/table-7-1.pdf","text":"Table 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J. W.","contributorId":87908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danielson, T. W.","contributorId":48590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"T.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38700,"text":"pp813N - 1979 - Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Lower Mississippi region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T21:51:09.30903","indexId":"pp813N","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"813","chapter":"N","title":"Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Lower Mississippi region","docAbstract":"The Lower Mississippi Region comprises an area of 102,400 square miles (265,200 square kilometers). Almost all this area is in the physiographic province known as the Gulf Coastal Plain. Three small areas on the northwest boundary of the region are in the Interior Highlands.
\nThe Lower Mississippi Region has an abundance of ground water. The geologic structure in that part of the region within the Coastal Plain is an elongated trough which has been filled with permeable materials, resulting in vast subsurface reservoirs. Except in local areas where continued large withdrawals have caused significant water-level declines, these reservoirs are full.
\nRecharge to the region's aquifers is primarily from rainfall. Annual rainfall in most of the region is well distributed throughout the year and is sufficient to satisfy evapotranspiration requirements and still provide recharge to the aquifers.
\nAn estimated 844 billion cubic feet (24 billion cubic meters) of fresh ground water is available for withdrawal annually in the region. Only about one-third of this quantity is being utilized. Therefore, on this basis alone, the region still has much potential for ground-water development.
\nThe Coastal Plain aquifers within the Lower Mississippi Region contain large reserves of saltwater in the downdip limits of the aquifers. The quantity of saltwater in the region is several times that of freshwater. As desalinization techniques are developed and as more uses are found for saltwater, this reserve could become an important source of water for the region.
\nAt present (1976), the most productive and potentially productive aquifers or aquifer systems in the region are the Mississippi River valley alluvial aquifer of Quaternary age and the Sparta Sand and the Memphis aquifer (Memphis Sand in Tennessee) of Tertiary age. The Sparta Sand and the Memphis aquifer are heavily utilized and have shown significant water-level declines. However, selected well hydrographs indicate that water levels may be stabilizing under present pumping conditions. The Mississippi River valley alluvial aquifer is the most extensive high-yielding aquifer in the region; yields of several thousand gallons per minute may be obtained at depths of less than 200 feet (61 meters).
\nTo obtain maximum benefit from the vast quantities of ground water in the region, adequate attention must be given to the effects of proposed development upon the ground-water regime. Knowledge of the geologic structure and hydraulic properties of the aquifer systems is essential to an evaluation of the effects of such development. Some studies have been made in sufficient detail to provide this knowledge, but additional studies are needed.
\nActivities that could cause significant changes in the groundwater regime should be undertaken only after all available information has been considered. Failure to seek out and use such information may result in inefficient development of the groundwater resource and, in some instances, degradation of the quality of the resource.
\nSome changes always result from ground-water development. The possible changes can be grouped into three categories: hydraulic, water quality, and those affecting the physical framework of the aquifers. Generally, they are small in magnitude and areal extent. Because these changes occur below the ground surface, they are unknown to the ground-water user unless they noticeably affect the quantity or quality of water produced or cause obvious physical effects, such as land subsidence.
\nGreat advances have been made in hydrologic technology in recent years. Predictive models have been developed that make it possible for the hydroiogist to simulate aquifer responses to proposed development or other stresses. These models would be invaluable tools in progressive water-resources planning and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp813N","usgsCitation":"Terry, J.E., Hosman, R., and Bryant, C.T., 1979, Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Lower Mississippi region: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 813, v., 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp813N.","productDescription":"v., 41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392894,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5069.htm"},{"id":119918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813n/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65554,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813n/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 29.611670115197406\n ],\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -89.56054687499999,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -90.9228515625,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -91.669921875,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -92.28515625,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -92.8564453125,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -93.3837890625,\n 29.34387539941801\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -93.1640625,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -93.2080078125,\n 32.287132632616384\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 34.452218472826566\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 35.96022296929667\n ],\n [\n -92.98828125,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -92.10937499999999,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -90.867919921875,\n 38.7712163724427\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 38.444984668894705\n ],\n [\n -90.274658203125,\n 38.108627664321276\n ],\n [\n -89.47265625,\n 37.59682400108367\n ],\n [\n -89.483642578125,\n 37.24782120155428\n ],\n [\n -89.3408203125,\n 37.046408899699564\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 37.142803443716836\n ],\n [\n -88.8134765625,\n 37.22158045838649\n ],\n [\n -88.516845703125,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 37.43125050179356\n ],\n [\n -88.187255859375,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n -88.04443359375,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -87.5830078125,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -87.176513671875,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -87.198486328125,\n 36.958671131530316\n ],\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 36.74768773190056\n ],\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 36.615527631349224\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -87.593994140625,\n 35.51434313431818\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 35.08395557927643\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 34.76869145755273\n ],\n [\n -88.319091796875,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -88.52783203125,\n 31.512995857454676\n ],\n [\n -88.4619140625,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -88.450927734375,\n 30.50548389892728\n ],\n [\n -88.714599609375,\n 30.315987718557867\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.99300228455108\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69967c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terry, J. E.","contributorId":87930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hosman, R. L.","contributorId":42978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosman","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bryant, C. T.","contributorId":7263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9938,"text":"ofr79203 - 1979 - Hydrologic data, 1974-77, Stovepipe Wells Hotel area, Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-29T15:10:38.975673","indexId":"ofr79203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-203","title":"Hydrologic data, 1974-77, Stovepipe Wells Hotel area, Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"Ground-water levels in most wells did not change significantly from 1974 to 1977 in the Stovepipe Wells Hotel area. The average water-level decline was less than 0.10 foot between August 1974 and August 1977 in 10 observation wells. Water-level contours show a depression centered on the two pumping wells, but this depression existed before the National Park Service started pumping its well.
The chemical quality of the ground water is poor. Dissolved-solids concentrations in water samples ranged from 2,730 to 6,490 milligrams per liter. Analyses of water samples from two wells showed large changes in some constituents from 1976 to 1977. Water-quality monitoring will continue at these sites to verify the changes.
Streamflow in Salt Creek has been monitored since February 1974. Base flow is seasonal, being 0.10 to 0.20 cubic foot per second during the summer and as much as three times that amount during the winter. Two chemical analyses of water from Salt Creek, representing summer and winter flow conditions, show large differences for many constituents.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79203","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Lamb, C.E., and Downing, D., 1979, Hydrologic data, 1974-77, Stovepipe Wells Hotel area, Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-203, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79203.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498096,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143191,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0203/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley National Monument, Stovepipe Wells Hotel 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Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T10:24:52","indexId":"ha609","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"609","title":"Backwater at bridges and densely wooded flood plains, Poley Creek near Sanford, Alabama","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha609","usgsCitation":"Ming, C.O., Colson, B., and Arcement, G.J., 1979, Backwater at bridges and densely wooded flood plains, Poley Creek near Sanford, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 609, Plate 1: 28.63 inches x 36.04 inches; Plate 2: 46.16 inches x 36.25 inches; Plate 3: 46.53 inches x 35.91 inches; Plate 4: 46.81 inches x 36.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha609.","productDescription":"Plate 1: 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This report contains discharge records for 50 gaging stations; tidal volume for 1 gaging station; stage only records for 3 tidal-gaging stations; contents for 36 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 56 gaging stations, 3 lakes, 28 wells, 4 springs, 4 seepage sites, and 1 chemical precipitation station; and water levels for 21 observation wells. Also included are 44 crest-stage partial-record stations and 38 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not involved in the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. Locations of hydrologic stations are shown on figures 2, 3, and 4. A few pertinent stations (not included above) in bordering States are also enclosed in this report. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Connecticut.
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1978 in Southeast Minnesota and Southwest Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Intense storms of July 1978 caused floods of historical significance in southeast Minnesota and southwest Wisconsin. Local, State, and Federal officials need data and information to evaluate, coordinate, and manage programs concerned with floods and flood losses. Because of a need to document stream discharges, elevations, and sediment concentrations, current-meter and indirect measurements were made at 34 gaging stations during or immediately after the floods. This report summarizes some of the hydrologic data collected. Peak discharges of record occurred at 20 gaging stations. Frequency of peak discharge equaled or exceeded the 100-year recurrence interval at 11 stations. The Federal Benchmark gaging station on the North Fork Whitewater River was destroyed. Five people died as a result of the floods, and property damages were estimated to exceed $114 million. Thirty-three counties were officially declared disaster areas.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Latkovich, V.J.","contributorId":52576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latkovich","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47644,"text":"wri7937 - 1979 - Instrumentation of urban hydrology monitoring sites in southeast Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T16:01:27","indexId":"wri7937","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-37","title":"Instrumentation of urban hydrology monitoring sites in southeast Florida","docAbstract":"An instrumentation system developed and built in laboratories of the U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., has been used since 1974 to collect synchronized rainfall, runoff, and water-quality data from urban basins. A number of field modifications were made to adapt the system to local hydrologic conditions and for collection of data on about 350 rainstorms at four sites in south Florida. The instrumentation system measures rainfall at three sites, records two pressure or water-level readings for flow computations, and collects and refrigerates up to 24 water samples and rainfall-quality samples. Rainfall and runoff data are recorded every 36 seconds on a six-channel analog recorder so that all variables are time-synchronous. Flow in the storm sewer is computed from pressure measurements in a U-shaped venturi-type constriction or, when the constriction is not used, from water levels. 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The structure was completed in 1978 and filling of the reservoir commenced March 20, 1978 resulting in changes in stream stage and discharge, ground-water levels, and chemical quality of the water.
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405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
No abstract available.
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