No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01770022","issn":"00074861","usgsCitation":"Albers, P., 1979, Effects of Corexit 9527 on the hatchability of mallard eggs: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 23, no. 4/5, p. 661-668, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01770022.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"661","endPage":"668","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4/5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db62518b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221184,"text":"5221184 - 1979 - Hematological values for the Siberian ferret (Mustela eversnanni)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T19:10:34.740462","indexId":"5221184","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2513,"text":"Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hematological values for the Siberian ferret (Mustela eversnanni)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAZV","doi":"10.2307/20094441","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., and Hill, E.F., 1979, Hematological values for the Siberian ferret (Mustela eversnanni): Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine, v. 10, no. 4, p. 126-128, https://doi.org/10.2307/20094441.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635dbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223545,"text":"5223545 - 1979 - Review of buff-breasted sandpiper records in the Central Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T18:36:08","indexId":"5223545","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":601,"text":"'Elepaio","printIssn":"0013-6069","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of buff-breasted sandpiper records in the Central Pacific","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
The temporal patterns of feeding, resting, and reproductive behavior in colonial wading birds have been studied by a number of investigators (Recher and Recher 1972, King 1974, Capen 1978, Custer and Osborn 1978, Kushlan 1978) both on a short-term (daily) and long-term (annual) basis. In coastal marine environments, activities at colonies are influenced by tides (Recher and Recher 1972, Krebs 1974, Custer and Osborn 1978), time of day (Kushlan 1978) and phase of the nesting cycle (Kahl 1964).
The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to examine the effects of tide, time of day (physical factors), nesting phase, colony site, and spe cies identity (biological factors) on feeding flight rates at breeding col onies and, as a result of this, (2) to evaluate the usefulness of feeding flight counts as an index of the number of nests in the colony.
Earlier work suggests that the relationship between the number of in dividuals flying to and from the nesting colony may be quite consistent with nest numbers. Thus, by monitoring flights from remote locations, ob servers might obtain relatively accurate census data while minimizing time and disturbance at colonies. Recent concern for the deleterious impact of humans at waterbird colonies (Buckley and Buckley 1976, Ellison and Cleary 1978) underscores the need to investigate alternative census methods.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1979 conference of the colonial waterbird group","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1979 conference of the colonial waterbird group","conferenceDate":"October 25-28, 1979","conferenceLocation":"Lafayette, LA","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R.M., and Ogden, J.C., 1979, Multiple-factor influences upon feeding flight rates at wading bird colonies (Alias: Are flight-line counts useful?), in Proceedings of the 1979 conference of the colonial waterbird group, v. 3, Lafayette, LA, October 25-28, 1979, p. 225-234.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"234","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352101,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4626717"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48c3","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Southern, William E.","contributorId":68919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Southern","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729781,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R. Michael 0000-0003-2108-9502","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-9502","contributorId":57125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogden, John C.","contributorId":67895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogden","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222055,"text":"5222055 - 1979 - Disseminated granulomas caused by an unidentified protozoan in sandhill cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5222055","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2528,"text":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disseminated granulomas caused by an unidentified protozoan in sandhill cranes","docAbstract":"Oral granulomas were observed in 31 (33%) of 95 captive sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Necropsy of six of the afflicted cranes revealed granulomatous nodules throughout many of their organ systems. Intracellular protozoan organisms morphologically resembling schizogonic stages were observed within the granulomas by light and electron microscopy. Sexual and asexual stages of coccidia were seen in sections of the intestines of 4 of 5 cranes examined microscopically, and Eimerian oocysts were seen in fecal flotation specimens from 3 of 4 birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., Spraker, T., Gardiner, C., and Novilla, M., 1979, Disseminated granulomas caused by an unidentified protozoan in sandhill cranes: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 175, no. 11, p. 948-951.","productDescription":"948-951","startPage":"948","endPage":"951","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"175","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a29b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spraker, T.R.","contributorId":19907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spraker","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardiner, C.H.","contributorId":13719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardiner","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Novilla, M.N.","contributorId":18716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novilla","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221484,"text":"5221484 - 1979 - Organochlorine residues in six species of estuarine birds, South Carolina, 1971-75","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T13:22:45","indexId":"5221484","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in six species of estuarine birds, South Carolina, 1971-75","docAbstract":"In South Carolina between 1971 and 1975, authors evaluated the occurrence of organochlorine residues in the laughing gull (Larus atricilla), white ibis (Eudocimus albus), glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), American oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus), willet (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus), and ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres). Tissues of birds found dead and eggs were analyzed, eggshell thicknesses were measured, and incidental observations were made of reproductive success and population status. Eggshell thickness of the white bis, American oystercatcher, and laughing gull were not significantly different (P less than 0.05) from the pre-1947 norms. DDE and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found most frequently and at the highest concentration in eggs. DDE residues declined significantly in oystercatcher eggs, and declined slightly in laughing gull eggs; no change was noted in white ibis eggs. No consistent trends were found for dieldrin and PCBs. Authors found no obvious problems with reproductive success of any species. Populations of the five species breeding in South Carolina appear stable. The white ibis and laughing gull in South Carolina have experienced population explosions over the past 50 years; the glossy ibis has increased substantially since the first documented breeding records in 1947.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., and Lamont, T.G., 1979, Organochlorine residues in six species of estuarine birds, South Carolina, 1971-75: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 13, no. 2, p. 56-60.","productDescription":"56-60","startPage":"56","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269769,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26112022"},{"id":194104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6354fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamont, T. G.","contributorId":51252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221483,"text":"5221483 - 1979 - Effects of organochlorine residues on eggshell thickness, reproduction, and population status of brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in South Carolina and Florida, 1969-76","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T13:19:56","indexId":"5221483","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of organochlorine residues on eggshell thickness, reproduction, and population status of brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in South Carolina and Florida, 1969-76","docAbstract":"Shells of brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) eggs collected in South Carolina from 1969 through 1975 and in Florida during 1969, 1970, and 1974 were significantly thinner (P greater than 0.05) than eggshells collected before 1947. Thickness of South Carolina eggshells increased in 1975, and mean thickness of eggshells collected in Florida during 1974 was greater than that of eggshells collected during 1969 and 1970, primarily in Gulf Coast colonies. Residues of 13 organochlorines were found in eggs and tissues of pelicans found dead during 1974 and 1975, although residues in brains of these specimens were not high enough to cause death. Residues of organochlorines, except PCBs, declined through 1975. PCBs increased in eggs from Atlantic Coast colonies. Reproductive success and population status of brown pelicans in South Carolina have improved markedly since authors began their studies in 1969. Good reproductive success was reported in 3 of 5 years from 1973 through 1977.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Lamont, T.G., and Neely, B., 1979, Effects of organochlorine residues on eggshell thickness, reproduction, and population status of brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in South Carolina and Florida, 1969-76: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 12, no. 4, p. 172-184.","productDescription":"172-184","startPage":"172","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269767,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096730"},{"id":194103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamont, T. G.","contributorId":51252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neely, B.S. Jr.","contributorId":45019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"B.S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221482,"text":"5221482 - 1979 - Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T15:33:52.37117","indexId":"5221482","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina","docAbstract":"Least Tern nesting colonies on the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge and surrounding areas in South Carolina were studied from 1971 through 1975. We located 10 colonies including 6 on the Refuge and 4 on nearby coastal islands. The number of nests in each colony ranged from several up to 220. Least Terns began reproductive activity in April, and the egg-laying period ranged from May to July. The earliest hatching record was 6 June. Reproductive success in most colonies seemed poor. Tidal flooding of eggs, predation of eggs and young, and disturbance by domestic animals and man were responsible for most failures. Residues of DDE, PCB's, and other organochlorine pollutants in the eggs were low and posed no identifiable threat to the Least Terns. DDE residues in eggs declined from 0.63 μg/g in 1972 to 0.33 μg/g in 1975. In contrast, PCB residue trends were erratic; mean residue values were 0.40 μg/g in 1972, 1.08 μg/g in 1974, and 0.62 μg/g in 1975. Eggshell thickness means for 1972, 1974, and 1975 were 2 to 7% lower than the pre-1947 mean; but the differences between means were not statistically significant. There is no evidence of a decline in Least Tern populations in South Carolina over the past 30 years such as observed in many other parts of the range of the species. A number of the current nesting islands seem secure from adverse environmental perturbations, although several colonies are on islands that are in danger of extensive development.
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., and Prouty, R.M., 1979, Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 91, no. 1, p. 62-71.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18069,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4161167","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":194052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.36214447021484,\n 33.004632712706915\n ],\n [\n -79.33433532714844,\n 33.06852769197118\n ],\n [\n -79.35218811035156,\n 33.112248870481594\n ],\n [\n -79.3710708618164,\n 33.13093878928894\n ],\n [\n -79.46273803710938,\n 33.08722690920878\n ],\n [\n -79.54479217529297,\n 33.03917629355546\n ],\n [\n -79.49260711669922,\n 33.00376894977095\n ],\n [\n -79.41673278808594,\n 33.0121183038527\n ],\n [\n -79.39441680908203,\n 33.00376894977095\n ],\n [\n -79.36214447021484,\n 33.004632712706915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68aa1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, R. M.","contributorId":31349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221480,"text":"5221480 - 1979 - Lead concentrations: Bats vs. terrestrial small mammals collected near a major highway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-24T11:32:54.013374","indexId":"5221480","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead concentrations: Bats vs. terrestrial small mammals collected near a major highway","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es60151a004","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., 1979, Lead concentrations: Bats vs. terrestrial small mammals collected near a major highway: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 338-341, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60151a004.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"341","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Baltimore-Washington Parkway, Maryland Highway 197, Montpelier Barn","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.84294698207482,\n 39.070157101535756\n ],\n [\n -76.84444836078926,\n 39.068807408790036\n ],\n [\n -76.84563365977392,\n 39.068285929679945\n ],\n [\n -76.84776719794735,\n 39.067641744284344\n ],\n [\n -76.84883396703405,\n 39.06699755300903\n ],\n [\n -76.84974269625589,\n 39.066721469234125\n ],\n [\n -76.8519552543615,\n 39.06650673666249\n ],\n [\n -76.85420732243286,\n 39.065739829289214\n ],\n [\n -76.85511605165466,\n 39.06555577027973\n ],\n [\n -76.85606429084287,\n 39.06521832751599\n ],\n [\n -76.85835586888062,\n 39.06377650844544\n ],\n [\n -76.86076597681688,\n 39.06337770222652\n ],\n [\n -76.86380824421215,\n 39.061107531607576\n ],\n [\n -76.86613933221629,\n 39.0563215273624\n ],\n [\n -76.86680710156853,\n 39.05644861905938\n ],\n [\n -76.86945426930184,\n 39.056325896956736\n ],\n [\n -76.86953328923458,\n 39.05537479343093\n ],\n [\n -76.86988887892957,\n 39.0550066208848\n ],\n [\n -76.87135074767822,\n 39.05433163289831\n ],\n [\n -76.87261506659563,\n 39.0527361811001\n ],\n [\n -76.87301016625699,\n 39.051508885959095\n ],\n [\n -76.87297065629122,\n 39.05003610363707\n ],\n [\n -76.87304967622335,\n 39.04819508254519\n ],\n [\n -76.87348428585108,\n 39.04675291583922\n ],\n [\n -76.87273359649416,\n 39.04589373869939\n ],\n [\n -76.87198290713663,\n 39.04463563903275\n ],\n [\n -76.87221996693367,\n 39.044236724703524\n ],\n [\n -76.87214094700154,\n 39.043684378067525\n ],\n [\n -76.87237800679857,\n 39.04322408590562\n ],\n [\n -76.87221996693367,\n 39.042886536413505\n ],\n [\n -76.87166682740744,\n 39.042671731352016\n ],\n [\n -76.87150878754254,\n 39.04230349258373\n ],\n [\n -76.87099515798265,\n 39.04205799900538\n ],\n [\n -76.87071858821922,\n 39.04147494833728\n ],\n [\n -76.8710346931632,\n 39.04003450422928\n ],\n [\n -76.87241754197913,\n 39.039942441280715\n ],\n [\n -76.87249656191129,\n 39.03935937315421\n ],\n [\n -76.87289166157262,\n 39.03902180519748\n ],\n [\n -76.87210146224933,\n 39.0384694177892\n ],\n [\n -76.87127175295967,\n 39.0382852876935\n ],\n [\n -76.87044204367058,\n 39.03782496035478\n ],\n [\n -76.87036302373782,\n 39.037456696324654\n ],\n [\n -76.871706362588,\n 39.03699636358789\n ],\n [\n -76.87182489248652,\n 39.03236218032657\n ],\n [\n -76.87107420312898,\n 39.03236218032657\n ],\n [\n -76.86984939417796,\n 39.032147343268235\n ],\n [\n -76.86898017492193,\n 39.03227010738158\n ],\n [\n -76.86696516664759,\n 39.03325221261014\n ],\n [\n -76.86498966833905,\n 39.03460258501465\n ],\n [\n -76.8634882896246,\n 39.035062933345756\n ],\n [\n -76.86182887104525,\n 39.034725344863006\n ],\n [\n -76.85937925314323,\n 39.03316014082472\n ],\n [\n -76.85732473490192,\n 39.03279185248354\n ],\n [\n -76.85195137950316,\n 39.033405665319094\n ],\n [\n -76.84780283305294,\n 39.0409050063389\n ],\n [\n -76.84242947764997,\n 39.04955566087614\n ],\n [\n -76.83918966042465,\n 39.05599890062305\n ],\n [\n -76.83978230991714,\n 39.05677824527447\n ],\n [\n -76.83942672022216,\n 39.06110404292028\n ],\n [\n -76.83946623018792,\n 39.06506145541667\n ],\n [\n -76.84100711886876,\n 39.068098388968366\n ],\n [\n -76.84294698207482,\n 39.070157101535756\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221479,"text":"5221479 - 1979 - No. 2 fuel oil decreases embryonic survival of great black-backed gulls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-06T11:02:58","indexId":"5221479","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No. 2 fuel oil decreases embryonic survival of great black-backed gulls","docAbstract":"The great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) is widespread in the northern hemisphere, breeding south to Britain and Ireland on the European side of the Atlantic and to Long Island in the United States where populations have increased markedly during the last 50 years (DRURY 1979). With growing exploitation of oil resources, seabird populations are being increasingly threatened by accidental oiling of individuals and the subsequent contamination of their eggs and young. It is generally agreed that gulls and terns, which spend much of their time airborne, are less vulnerable to oil pollution than alcids and seaducks (BOURNE 1968, VERMEER AND ANWEILER 1975). Nevertheless, oiled great black-backed gulls were sighted after the Argo Merchant spill off Nantucket Island in December 1976, demonstrating that this species of gull can be affected by surface oil (GROSE AND MATTSON 1977). In this paper we wish to report results of two concurrent studies in which eggs of the great black-backed gull were externally contaminated with No. 2 fuel oil.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01685403","usgsCitation":"Coon, N.C., Albers, P.H., and Szaro, R.C., 1979, No. 2 fuel oil decreases embryonic survival of great black-backed gulls: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 21, no. 1, p. 152-156, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01685403.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"156","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a3e4b07f02db49677d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, Nancy C.","contributorId":176389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coon","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albers, Peter H.","contributorId":112805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Szaro, Robert C.","contributorId":21240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szaro","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221478,"text":"5221478 - 1979 - Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme activity in blood, brain, and liver of lead-dosed ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:42","indexId":"5221478","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:12","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1561,"text":"Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme activity in blood, brain, and liver of lead-dosed ducks","docAbstract":"Mallard ducks were dosed with a single shotgun pellet (ca. 200 mg lead). After 1 month there was about 1 ppm lead in blood, 2.5 in liver, and 0.5 in brain. Lead-induced inhibition of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme in blood and cerebellum was much greater than in cerebral hemisphere or liver and was strongly correlated with the lead concentration in these tissues. The cerebellar portion of the brain was more sensitive to delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme inhibition by lead than were the other tissues examined. There was also a greater increase in the glial cell marker enzyme, butyrylcholinesterase, in cerebellum than in cerebral hemisphere, suggesting that nonregenerating neuronal cells were destroyed by lead and replaced by glial cells in that portion of the brain. Even partial loss of cerebellar tissue is severely debilitating in waterfowl, because functions critical to survival such as visual, auditory, motor, and reflex responses are integrated at this brain center.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0013-9351(79)90041-0","collaboration":"2198_Dieter.pdf","usgsCitation":"Dieter, M.P., and Finley, M.T., 1979, Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme activity in blood, brain, and liver of lead-dosed ducks: Environmental Research, v. 19, no. 1, p. 127-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(79)90041-0.","productDescription":"127-135","startPage":"127","endPage":"135","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18073,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(79)90041-0","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66f269","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieter, M. P.","contributorId":89626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221460,"text":"5221460 - 1979 - Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T17:39:52","indexId":"5221460","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans","docAbstract":"Breeding populations of the brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) declined during the 1960's on both east and west coasts of the United States. In 1969, colonies in South Carolina fledged an average of 0.78 young per nest (Blus et al. 1974b), and those in California only 0.004 (Anderson et al. 1975). The minimum production for population stability has been estimated to be 1.0 to 1.2 fledglings per nest (Henny 1972, Anderson et al. 1977). The South Carolina population may have decreased by as much as 80% during the previous decade (Blus 1970).
Organochlorine pesticides were implicated as a cause of population decline. Eggs from South Carolina contained an average of 5.4 parts per million (ppm) of DDE (wet weight basis) in 1969, and those from California about 70 ppm wet weight (Blus et al. 1974a, Anderson et al. 1975). Shells of South Carolina brown pelican eggs were,17% thinner than normal, and those from California were 30% thinner, compared with shells of eggs laid before DDE was introduced in 1947 (Blus et al. 1974a, Anderson et al. 1975); crushed eggs were common in the colonies. DDE was the primary cause of shell thinning (Blus et al. 1971), but dieldrin was also associated with breeding failure, and both may be embryotoxic (Porter and Wiemeyer 1969, Longcore et al. 1971, Blus et al. 1974b).
Brown pelicans also declined in Louisiana and Texas during this period, in association with shell thinning and relatively high organochlorine levels (Anderson and Hickey 1970, Blus et al. 1975, King et al. 1977). Eggs of pelicans in Florida, however, contained lower residues, and numbers have remained stable (Williams and Martin 1970). In 1969, the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge initiated an intensive study of the South Carolina population. Size of the breeding colonies, production, eggshell thickness, and organochlorine residues were monitored each year. Between 1969 and 1976 organochlorines in the eggs declined gradually, reproductive success improved, and the breeding population doubled (Blus et al. 1979).
We have continued to monitor the South Carolina brown pelican population. Results for 1977 and 1978 are presented here, with an evaluation of the significance and possible causes of current breeding success.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group","conferenceDate":"October 20-23, 1978","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1520936","usgsCitation":"Mendenhall, V.M., and Prouty, R.M., 1979, Recovery of breeding success in a population of brown pelicans, in Proceedings of the 1978 conference of the colonial waterbird group, v. 2, New York, NY, October 20-23, 1978, p. 65-70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1520936.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a37e4b07f02db61c399","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Southern, William E.","contributorId":68919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Southern","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729783,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mendenhall, Vivian M.","contributorId":98405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendenhall","given":"Vivian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":333901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, Richard M.","contributorId":79121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prouty","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221464,"text":"5221464 - 1979 - Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pesticides to mallards: Correlations with mammalian toxicity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T14:40:53.627551","indexId":"5221464","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:37","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3612,"text":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pesticides to mallards: Correlations with mammalian toxicity data","docAbstract":"Acute oral (po) and 24-hr percutaneous (perc) LD50 values for 21 common pesticides (19 anticholinesterases, of which 18 were organophosphates, and one was a carbamate; one was an organochlorine central nervous system stimulant; and one was an organonitrogen pneumotoxicant) were determined in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Three of the pesticides tested were more toxic percutaneously than orally. An index to the percutaneous hazard of a pesticide, the dermal toxicity index (DTI = po LD50/perc LD50 × 100), was also calculated for each pesticide. These toxicity values in mallards were compared with toxicity data for rats from the literature. Significant positive correlations were found between log po and log percutaneous LD50 values in mallards (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), between log po LD50 values in mallards and in rats (r = 0.71, p < 0.01), and between log DTI values in mallards and in rats (r = 0.52, p < 0.05). Percutaneous toxicity values were not significantly correlated between mallards and rats (r = 0.36, p > 0.10). Variations in percutaneous methodologies are discussed with reference to interspecies variation in toxicity values. It is recommended that a mammalian DTI value approaching 30 be used as a guideline for the initiation of percutaneous toxicity studies in birds, when the po LD50 and/or projected percutaneous LD50 are less than expected field exposure levels.
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0041-008X(79)90515-5","usgsCitation":"Hudson, R.H., Haegele, M.A., and Tucker, R.K., 1979, Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pesticides to mallards: Correlations with mammalian toxicity data: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 451-460, https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(79)90515-5.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, R. H.","contributorId":29534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haegele, M. A.","contributorId":107010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haegele","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, R. K.","contributorId":96383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222119,"text":"5222119 - 1979 - Endocrine correlates of reproduction in the wolf. I. Serum progesterone, estradiol and LH during the estrous cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T15:14:44.659066","indexId":"5222119","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:37","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1033,"text":"Biology of Reproduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endocrine correlates of reproduction in the wolf. I. Serum progesterone, estradiol and LH during the estrous cycle","docAbstract":"The estrous cycle of 10 intact female wolves, aged 8 months-8 years at the initiation of the study, was characterized in terms of vaginal smears, behavioral observations and serum concentrations of estradiol-17β, progesterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) from January through June. No estrous cycles occurred in these animals between June and December. All were housed with male wolves. Two pups and 1 adult remained anestrous during this interval. One pup and 2 adults produced litters between May 4-6. Four adults exhibited endocrine changes similar to those of the pregnant animals but no litters or signs of abortion were observed. The duration of proestrus was 15.7 ± 1.6 days (X ± SEM, n = 6), of estrus 9.0 ± 1.2 days (n = 4) and of the luteal phase 63 ± 2 days (n = 6). The duration of pregnancy was between 60-65 days. The anestrous females (86 blood samples) had 6 progesterone values between 1-2 ng/ml and the remainder below 1 ng/ml. Their estradiol-17β concentrations varied between 5-20 pg/ml. Values for LH varied between 0.1-2 ng/ml, except for 1 value above 15 ng/ml for each of the 2 anestrous pups on 12 January.
The 7 estrous animals (260 samples) included 1 pup and 2 adults that delivered litters. Estradiol-17β varied between 10-20 pg/ml during proestrus, peaked at 30-70 pg/ml late in proestrus and fluctuated between 10-30 pg/ml during pregnancy or the duration of luteal activity in the nonpregnant animals. The preovulatory LH rise, 5-15 ng/ml, extended over 3 days during and immediately following the peak estradiol-17β values. An earlier elevation in LH was observed in 3 of the estrous animals. Progesterone began increasing during the LH surge and peaked 11-14 days later at 22-40 ng/ml. Progesterone concentrations greater than 3 ng/ml were maintained for 56-68 days in 6 of the 7 animals exhibiting estrus. Progesterone concentrations declined at parturition but continued to fluctuate between 0.2-3 ng/ml for 3-6 weeks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Reproduction","doi":"10.1095/biolreprod21.5.1057","usgsCitation":"Seal, U., Plotka, E., Packard, J., and Mech, L., 1979, Endocrine correlates of reproduction in the wolf. I. Serum progesterone, estradiol and LH during the estrous cycle: Biology of Reproduction, v. 21, no. 5, p. 1057-1066, https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod21.5.1057.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1066","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod21.5.1057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":198291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60506f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plotka, E.D.","contributorId":89248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plotka","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Packard, J.M.","contributorId":59752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packard","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221461,"text":"5221461 - 1979 - Bone development in black ducks as affected by dietary toxaphene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-10T14:49:07","indexId":"5221461","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3036,"text":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bone development in black ducks as affected by dietary toxaphene","docAbstract":"Black ducks, Anas rubripes, were exposed to dietary toxaphene concentrations of 0, 10, or 50 μg/g of food for 90 days prior to laying and through the reproductive season. Toxaphene did not affect reproduction or survival, but reduced growth and impaired backbone development in ducklings. Collagen, the organic matrix of bone, was decreased significantly in cervical vertebrae of ducklings fed 50 μg/g, and calcium conentrations increased in vertebrae of ducklings fed 10 or 50 μg/g. The effects of toxaphene were observed only in female ducklings. In contrast to effects on vertebrae, toxaphene exposure did not alter tibia development. Toxaphene residues in carcasses of these ducklings averaged slightly less than the dietary levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0048-3575(79)90018-X","usgsCitation":"Mehrle, P., Finley, M.T., Ludke, J., Mayer, F., and Kaiser, T., 1979, Bone development in black ducks as affected by dietary toxaphene: Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 10, no. 2, p. 168-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(79)90018-X.","productDescription":"168-173","startPage":"168","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":193,"text":"Columbia River Fisheries Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269828,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(79)90018-X"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60730f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mehrle, P. M.","contributorId":91767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehrle","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludke, J. Larry","contributorId":29033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludke","given":"J. Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, F.L.","contributorId":79418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"F.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaiser, T. E.","contributorId":75486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5221467,"text":"5221467 - 1979 - Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:38:02","indexId":"5221467","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)","docAbstract":"Egg surface applications of microliter quantities of crude and refined oils of high aromatic content are embryotoxic to mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and other avian species; applications of aliphatic hydrocarbons have virtually no effect. Mallard eggs at 72 h of development were exposed to a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons or to aromatic compounds representative to those present in crude oil to assess their toxicity. The class composition of the mixture was similar to that of South Louisiana crude oil, an American Petroleum Institute reference oil. Application of 20 microliter of the mixture reduced embryonic survival by nearly 70%. The temporal pattern of embryonic death was similar to that after exposure to South Louisiana crude oil. Embryonic growth was stunted, as reflected by weight, crown-rump length, and bill length, and there was a significant increase in the incidence of abnormal survivors. When individual classes of aromatic hydrocarbons were tested, tetracyclics caused some embryonic death at the concentrations in the mixture. When classes were tested in all possible combinations of two, no combination appeared to be as toxic as the entire mixture. Addition of the tetracyclic compound chrysene to the aromatic mixture considerably enhanced embryotoxicity, but could not completely account for the toxicity of the crude oil. The presence of additional unidentified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as well as methylated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic compounds such as chrysene may further account for the embryotoxicity of the crude oil.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287397909529793","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., 1979, Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos): Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 5, no. 5, p. 835-844, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287397909529793.","productDescription":"835-844","startPage":"835","endPage":"844","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269466,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287397909529793"},{"id":199396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6059b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159190,"text":"70159190 - 1979 - A selected bibliography: Remote sensing techniques for evaluating the effects of surface mining","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-05T13:16:24.661507","indexId":"70159190","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"A selected bibliography: Remote sensing techniques for evaluating the effects of surface mining","docAbstract":"This bibliography contains 39 citations of technical papers and other publications dealing with the applications of remote sensing techniques for analyzing and monitoring surface mining. These references summarize recent developments in methods used to identify, map, analyze, and monitor surface mining, particularly coal surface mining.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Technical Service, U.S. Department of Commerce","publisherLocation":"Springfield, VA","usgsCitation":"Carneggie, D.M., and Ohlen, D.O., 1979, A selected bibliography: Remote sensing techniques for evaluating the effects of surface mining, iii, 11 p.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311249,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159190/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":310013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159190.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56237128e4b06217fc47de9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carneggie, David M.","contributorId":62758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ohlen, Donald O. ohlen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"Donald","email":"ohlen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":577797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230111,"text":"5230111 - 1979 - Migration of birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230111","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":14,"text":"Circular","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"16, revised","title":"Migration of birds","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Peterson, S., 1979, Migration of birds: Circular 16, revised, 119.","productDescription":"119","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635478","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, S.R.","contributorId":47378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}