Hydrothermally altered bedrock in the Silverton mining area, southwest Colorado, USA, contains sulfide minerals that weather to produce acidic and metal-rich leachate that is toxic to aquatic life. This study utilized a geographic information system (GIS) and statistical approach to identify watershed-scale geologic variables in the Silverton area that influence water quality. GIS analysis of mineral maps produced using remote sensing datasets including Landsat Thematic Mapper, advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer, and a hybrid airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer and field-based product enabled areas of alteration to be quantified. Correlations between water quality signatures determined at watershed outlets, and alteration types intersecting both total watershed areas and GIS-buffered areas along streams were tested using linear regression analysis. Despite remote sensing datasets having varying watershed area coverage due to vegetation cover and differing mineral mapping capabilities, each dataset was useful for delineating acid-generating bedrock. Areas of quartz–sericite–pyrite mapped by AVIRIS have the highest correlations with acidic surface water and elevated iron and aluminum concentrations. Alkalinity was only correlated with area of acid neutralizing, propylitically altered bedrock containing calcite and chlorite mapped by AVIRIS. Total watershed area of acid-generating bedrock is more significantly correlated with acidic and metal-rich surface water when compared with acid-generating bedrock intersected by GIS-buffered areas along streams. This methodology could be useful in assessing the possible effects that alteration type area has in either generating or neutralizing acidity in unmined watersheds and in areas where new mining is planned.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-013-2229-y","usgsCitation":"Yager, D.B., Johnson, R.H., Rockwell, B.W., Caine, J.S., and Smith, K.S., 2013, A GIS and statistical approach to identify variables that control water quality in hydrothermally altered and mineralized watersheds, Silverton, Colorado, USA: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 70, no. 3, p. 1057-1082, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2229-y.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1082","ipdsId":"IP-031298","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2229-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Silverton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.86445617675781,\n 37.621302013833\n ],\n [\n -107.47169494628906,\n 37.621302013833\n ],\n [\n -107.47169494628906,\n 37.98317483351337\n ],\n [\n -107.86445617675781,\n 37.98317483351337\n ],\n [\n -107.86445617675781,\n 37.621302013833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ef0ae4b09af898c8cd79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Douglas B. 0000-0001-5074-4022 dyager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5074-4022","contributorId":798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Douglas","email":"dyager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":718577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191693,"text":"70191693 - 2013 - Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T10:26:39","indexId":"70191693","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change","docAbstract":"We combine large observed data sets and dynamically downscaled climate data to explore historic and future (2050–2069) stream temperature changes over the topographically diverse Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (elevation range = 824–4017 m). We link future stream temperatures with fish growth models to investigate how changing thermal regimes could influence the future distribution and persistence of native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YCT) and competing invasive species. We find that stream temperatures during the recent decade (2000–2009) surpass the anomalously warm period of the 1930s. Climate simulations indicate air temperatures will warm by 1 °C to >3 °C over the Greater Yellowstone by mid-21st century, resulting in concomitant increases in 2050–2069 peak stream temperatures and protracted periods of warming from May to September (MJJAS). Projected changes in thermal regimes during the MJJAS growing season modify the trajectories of daily growth rates at all elevations with pronounced growth during early and late summer. For high-elevation populations, we find considerable increases in fish body mass attributable both to warming of cold-water temperatures and to extended growing seasons. During peak July to August warming, mid-21st century temperatures will cause periods of increased thermal stress, rendering some low-elevation streams less suitable for YCT. The majority (80%) of sites currently inhabited by YCT, however, display minimal loss (<10%) or positive changes in total body mass by midcentury; we attribute this response to the fact that many low-elevation populations of YCT have already been extirpated by historical changes in land use and invasions of non-native species. Our results further suggest that benefits to YCT populations due to warmer stream temperatures at currently cold sites could be offset by the interspecific effects of corresponding growth of sympatric, non-native species, underscoring the importance of developing climate adaptation strategies that reduce limiting factors such as non-native species and habitat degradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12262","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Alder, J.R., Hostetler, S.W., Gresswell, R.E., and Shepard, B., 2013, Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 10, p. 3069-3081, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12262.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3069","endPage":"3081","ipdsId":"IP-041433","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12262","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2aae4b0220bbd9d9fc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alder, Jay R. 0000-0003-2378-2853 jalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-2853","contributorId":5118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"Jay","email":"jalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostetler, Steven W. 0000-0003-2272-8302 swhostet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":3249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"Steven","email":"swhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":147914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shepard, Bradley","contributorId":152364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":18917,"text":"4B.B. Shepard and Associates, Livingston, MT, 59047 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70176642,"text":"70176642 - 2013 - Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-23T15:57:36","indexId":"70176642","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change","docAbstract":"An increasing need exists for regional-scale measurements of shoreline change to aid in management and planning decisions over a broad portion of the coast and to inform assessments of coastal vulnerabilities and hazards. A recent dataset of regional shoreline change, covering a large portion of the U.S. East coast (New England and Mid-Atlantic), provides rates of shoreline change over historical (~ 150 years) and recent (25–30 years) time periods making it ideal for a broad assessment of the regional variation of shoreline change, and the natural and human-induced influences on coastal behavior. The variable coastal landforms of the region provide an opportunity to investigate how specific geomorphic landforms relate to the spatial variability of shoreline change. In addition to natural influences on the rates of change, we examine the effects that development and human modifications to the coastline have on the measurements of regional shoreline change.
Regional variation in the rates of shoreline change is a function of the dominant type and distribution of coastal landform as well as the relative amount of human development. Our results indicate that geomorphology has measurable influence on shoreline change rates. Anthropogenic impacts are found to be greater along the more densely developed and modified portion of the coast where jetties at engineered inlets impound large volumes of sediment resulting in extreme but discrete progradation updrift of jetties. This produces a shift in averaged values of rates that may mask the natural long-term record. Additionally, a strong correlation is found to exist between rates of shoreline change and relative level of human development. Using a geomorphic characterization of the types of coastal landform as a guide for expected relative rates of change, we found that the shoreline appears to be changing naturally only along sparsely developed coasts. Even modest amounts of development influence the rates of change and the human imprint override the geomorphic signal. The study demonstrates that human activities associated with creating and maintaining coastal infrastructure alter the natural behavior of the coast over hundreds of kilometers and time spans greater than a century. This suggests that future assessments of vulnerability, based largely on rates of change along developed coastlines, need to take the role of human alterations into account.
","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Geomorphology and restoration 44th Binghampton Geomorphology Symposium","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.025","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Kratzmann, M.G., and Himmelstoss, E., 2013, Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change: Geomorphology, v. 199, p. 160-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.025.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"170","ipdsId":"IP-031534","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"199","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f1aae4b0bc0bec09feec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":649561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kratzmann, Meredith G. 0000-0002-2513-2144 mkratzmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-2144","contributorId":4950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzmann","given":"Meredith","email":"mkratzmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Himmelstoss, Emily A. ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelstoss","given":"Emily A.","email":"ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048495,"text":"ofr20131189 - 2013 - Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science research plan 2013-18","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-30T16:07:39","indexId":"ofr20131189","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-30T15:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1189","title":"Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science research plan 2013-18","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS) was created in 2006 and since that time has provided research primarily in support of The National Map. The presentations and publications of the CEGIS researchers document the research accomplishments that include advances in electronic topographic map design, generalization, data integration, map projections, sea level rise modeling, geospatial semantics, ontology, user-centered design, volunteer geographic information, and parallel and grid computing for geospatial data from The National Map. A research plan spanning 2013–18 has been developed extending the accomplishments of the CEGIS researchers and documenting new research areas that are anticipated to support The National Map of the future. In addition to extending the 2006–12 research areas, the CEGIS research plan for 2013–18 includes new research areas in data models, geospatial semantics, high-performance computing, volunteered geographic information, crowdsourcing, social media, data integration, and multiscale representations to support the Three-Dimensional Elevation Program (3DEP) and The National Map of the future of the U.S. Geological Survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131189","usgsCitation":"Usery, E.L., 2013, Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science research plan 2013-18: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1189, v, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131189.","productDescription":"v, 50 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":161,"text":"Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131189.gif"},{"id":278232,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1189/"},{"id":278233,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1189/pdf/of2013-1189.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524a8f67e4b017cb43afb104","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173 usery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.","email":"usery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175230,"text":"70175230 - 2013 - A comparison of adaptive sampling designs and binary spatial models: A simulation study using a census of Bromus inermis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T12:33:13","indexId":"70175230","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-30T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1577,"text":"Environmetrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of adaptive sampling designs and binary spatial models: A simulation study using a census of Bromus inermis","docAbstract":"Commonly in environmental and ecological studies, species distribution data are recorded as presence or absence throughout a spatial domain of interest. Field based studies typically collect observations by sampling a subset of the spatial domain. We consider the effects of six different adaptive and two non-adaptive sampling designs and choice of three binary models on both predictions to unsampled locations and parameter estimation of the regression coefficients (species–environment relationships). Our simulation study is unique compared to others to date in that we virtually sample a true known spatial distribution of a nonindigenous plant species, Bromus inermis. The census of B. inermis provides a good example of a species distribution that is both sparsely (1.9 % prevalence) and patchily distributed. We find that modeling the spatial correlation using a random effect with an intrinsic Gaussian conditionally autoregressive prior distribution was equivalent or superior to Bayesian autologistic regression in terms of predicting to un-sampled areas when strip adaptive cluster sampling was used to survey B. inermis. However, inferences about the relationships between B. inermis presence and environmental predictors differed between the two spatial binary models. The strip adaptive cluster designs we investigate provided a significant advantage in terms of Markov chain Monte Carlo chain convergence when trying to model a sparsely distributed species across a large area. In general, there was little difference in the choice of neighborhood, although the adaptive king was preferred when transects were randomly placed throughout the spatial domain.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Environmetrics Society","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1002/env.2223","usgsCitation":"Irvine, K.M., Thornton, J., Backus, V.M., Hohmann, M.G., Lehnhoff, E.A., Maxwell, B., Michels, K., and Rew, L., 2013, A comparison of adaptive sampling designs and binary spatial models: A simulation study using a census of Bromus inermis: Environmetrics, v. 24, no. 6, p. 407-417, https://doi.org/10.1002/env.2223.","startPage":"407","endPage":"417","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037370","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326035,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315b9e4b006cb45558a1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thornton, Jamie","contributorId":173411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thornton","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Backus, Vickie M.","contributorId":173380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Backus","given":"Vickie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27218,"text":"Montana State University, Earth Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hohmann, Matthew G.","contributorId":173379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hohmann","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":26926,"text":"Us Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lehnhoff, Erik A.","contributorId":173377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehnhoff","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6765,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maxwell, Bruce D.","contributorId":173376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maxwell","given":"Bruce D.","affiliations":[{"id":6765,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Michels, Kurt","contributorId":173378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michels","given":"Kurt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27217,"text":"University of Arizona, Department of Mathematical Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rew, Lisa","contributorId":167882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rew","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5120,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Bozeman, MT 59717","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70048483,"text":"70048483 - 2013 - Validating predictions from climate envelope models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:06:49","indexId":"70048483","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-30T10:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validating predictions from climate envelope models","docAbstract":"Climate envelope models are a potentially important conservation tool, but their ability to accurately forecast species’ distributional shifts using independent survey data has not been fully evaluated. We created climate envelope models for 12 species of North American breeding birds previously shown to have experienced poleward range shifts. For each species, we evaluated three different approaches to climate envelope modeling that differed in the way they treated climate-induced range expansion and contraction, using random forests and maximum entropy modeling algorithms. All models were calibrated using occurrence data from 1967–1971 (t1) and evaluated using occurrence data from 1998–2002 (t2). Model sensitivity (the ability to correctly classify species presences) was greater using the maximum entropy algorithm than the random forest algorithm. Although sensitivity did not differ significantly among approaches, for many species, sensitivity was maximized using a hybrid approach that assumed range expansion, but not contraction, in t2. Species for which the hybrid approach resulted in the greatest improvement in sensitivity have been reported from more land cover types than species for which there was little difference in sensitivity between hybrid and dynamic approaches, suggesting that habitat generalists may be buffered somewhat against climate-induced range contractions. Specificity (the ability to correctly classify species absences) was maximized using the random forest algorithm and was lowest using the hybrid approach. Overall, our results suggest cautious optimism for the use of climate envelope models to forecast range shifts, but also underscore the importance of considering non-climate drivers of species range limits. The use of alternative climate envelope models that make different assumptions about range expansion and contraction is a new and potentially useful way to help inform our understanding of climate change effects on species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLOS One","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0063600","usgsCitation":"Watling, J., Bucklin, D., Speroterra, C., Brandt, L., Cabal, C., Romañach, S., and Mazzotti, F., 2013, Validating predictions from climate envelope models: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 5, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063600.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-036644","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063600","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278218,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063600"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524a8f6ae4b017cb43afb10d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watling, J.","contributorId":13125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watling","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bucklin, D.","contributorId":107179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucklin","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Speroterra, C.","contributorId":75842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speroterra","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, L.","contributorId":24548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cabal, C.","contributorId":52479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabal","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":12358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12604,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, 3205 College Avenue, University of Florida, Davie, FL 33314, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048481,"text":"70048481 - 2013 - A comparative assessment of tools for ecosystem services quantification and valuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:07:29","indexId":"70048481","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-30T09:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1477,"text":"Ecosystem Services","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparative assessment of tools for ecosystem services quantification and valuation","docAbstract":"To enter widespread use, ecosystem service assessments need to be quantifiable, replicable, credible, flexible, and affordable. With recent growth in the field of ecosystem services, a variety of decision-support tools has emerged to support more systematic ecosystem services assessment. Despite the growing complexity of the tool landscape, thorough reviews of tools for identifying, assessing, modeling and in some cases monetarily valuing ecosystem services have generally been lacking. In this study, we describe 17 ecosystem services tools and rate their performance against eight evaluative criteria that gauge their readiness for widespread application in public- and private-sector decision making. We describe each of the tools′ intended uses, services modeled, analytical approaches, data requirements, and outputs, as well time requirements to run seven tools in a first comparative concurrent application of multiple tools to a common location – the San Pedro River watershed in southeast Arizona, USA, and northern Sonora, Mexico. Based on this work, we offer conclusions about these tools′ current ‘readiness’ for widespread application within both public- and private-sector decision making processes. Finally, we describe potential pathways forward to reduce the resource requirements for running ecosystem services models, which are essential to facilitate their more widespread use in environmental decision making.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem Services","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.004","usgsCitation":"Bagstad, K.J., Semmens, D., Waage, S., and Winthrop, R., 2013, A comparative assessment of tools for ecosystem services quantification and valuation: Ecosystem Services, v. 5, p. 27-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-036066","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278216,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.004"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524a8f52e4b017cb43afb0fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":64201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waage, Sissel","contributorId":81786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waage","given":"Sissel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winthrop, Robert","contributorId":76216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winthrop","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048473,"text":"70048473 - 2013 - Changes in the structure and function of northern Alaskan ecosystems when considering variable leaf-out times across groupings of species in a dynamic vegetation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T10:52:02","indexId":"70048473","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-30T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in the structure and function of northern Alaskan ecosystems when considering variable leaf-out times across groupings of species in a dynamic vegetation model","docAbstract":"The phenology of arctic ecosystems is driven primarily by abiotic forces, with temperature acting as the main determinant of growing season onset and leaf budburst in the spring. However, while the plant species in arctic ecosystems require differing amounts of accumulated heat for leaf-out, dynamic vegetation models simulated over regional to global scales typically assume some average leaf-out for all of the species within an ecosystem. Here, we make use of air temperature records and observations of spring leaf phenology collected across dominant groupings of species (dwarf birch shrubs, willow shrubs, other deciduous shrubs, grasses, sedges, and forbs) in arctic and boreal ecosystems in Alaska. We then parameterize a dynamic vegetation model based on these data for four types of tundra ecosystems (heath tundra, shrub tundra, wet sedge tundra, and tussock tundra), as well as ecotonal boreal white spruce forest, and perform model simulations for the years 1970 -2100. Over the course of the model simulations, we found changes in ecosystem composition under this new phenology algorithm compared to simulations with the previous phenology algorithm. These changes were the result of the differential timing of leaf-out, as well as the ability for the groupings of species to compete for nitrogen and light availability. Regionally, there were differences in the trends of the carbon pools and fluxes between the new phenology algorithm and the previous phenology algorithm, although these differences depended on the future climate scenario. These findings indicate the importance of leaf phenology data collection by species and across the various ecosystem types within the highly heterogeneous Arctic landscape, and that dynamic vegetation models should consider variation in leaf-out by groupings of species within these ecosystems to make more accurate projections of future plant distributions and carbon cycling in Arctic regions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12392","usgsCitation":"Euskirchen, E., Carman, T., and McGuire, A.D., 2013, Changes in the structure and function of northern Alaskan ecosystems when considering variable leaf-out times across groupings of species in a dynamic vegetation model: Global Change Biology, v. 20, no. 3, p. 963-978, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12392.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"978","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-049058","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12392","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278214,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12392"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524a8f68e4b017cb43afb107","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euskirchen, E.S.","contributorId":44737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"E.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carman, T.B.","contributorId":33210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carman","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony D. 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":2493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048471,"text":"ofr20131243 - 2013 - Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T09:02:21","indexId":"ofr20131243","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-27T15:07:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1243","title":"Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2012","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey anchored a sediment trap in the northern Gulf of Mexico beginning in 2008 to collect seasonal time-series data on the flux and assemblage composition of live planktic foraminifers. This report provides an update of the previous time-series data to include results from 2012. Ten species, or varieties, constituted ~92 percent of the 2012 assemblage: Globigerinoides ruber (pink and white varieties), Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globigerina calida, Globigerinella aequilateralis, Globorotalia menardii group [The Gt. menardii group includes Gt. menardii, Gt. tumida, and Gt. ungulata], Orbulina universa, Globorotalia truncatulinoides, Pulleniatina spp., and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei. The mean daily flux was 158 tests per square meter per day (m–2 day–1), with maximum fluxes of >450tests m–2 day–1 during the beginning of July and mid–August and minimum fluxes of <10 tests m–2 day–1 during the beginning of February and mid–July. Globorotalia truncatulinoides showed a clear preference for the winter, consistent with data from 2008 to 2011. Globigerinoides ruber (white) flux data for 2012 (average 23 tests m–2 day–1) were consistent with data from 2011 (average 30 tests m–2 day–1) and 2010 (average 29 tests m–2 day–1) and showed a steady threefold increase since 2009 (average 11 tests m–2 day–1) and a tenfold increase from the 2008 flux (3 tests m–2 day–1).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131243","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, C.E., Richey, J.N., and Poore, R.Z., 2013, Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1243, Report: v, 13 p.; 1 Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131243.","productDescription":"Report: v, 13 p.; 1 Table","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278207,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1243/table/ofr2013-1243_table.xls"},{"id":278208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131243.gif"},{"id":278205,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1243/"},{"id":278206,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1243/pdf/ofr2013-1243.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.0415,19.994 ], [ -100.0415,32.981 ], [ -79.9805,32.981 ], [ -79.9805,19.994 ], [ -100.0415,19.994 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52469aefe4b035b7f35add8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Caitlin E. 0000-0002-1724-3055 creynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-3055","contributorId":4049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Caitlin","email":"creynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richey, Julie N. 0000-0002-2319-7980 jrichey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-7980","contributorId":5182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"Julie","email":"jrichey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048469,"text":"ofr20131234 - 2013 - Partnering for science: proceedings of the USGS Workshop on Citizen Science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:39:58","indexId":"ofr20131234","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-27T14:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1234","title":"Partnering for science: proceedings of the USGS Workshop on Citizen Science","docAbstract":"What U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) programs use citizen science? How can projects be best designed while meeting policy requirements? What are the most effective volunteer recruitment methods? What data should be collected to ensure validation and how should data be stored? What standard protocols are most easily used by volunteers? Can data from multiple projects be integrated to support new research or existing science questions? To help answer these and other questions, the USGS Community of Data Integration (CDI) supported the development of the Citizen Science Working Group (CSWG) in August 2011 and funded the working group’s proposal to hold a USGS Citizen Science Workshop in fiscal year 2012. The stated goals for our workshop were: raise awareness of programs and projects in the USGS that incorporate citizen science, create a community of practice for the sharing of knowledge and experiences, provide a forum to discuss the challenges of—and opportunities for—incorporating citizen science into USGS projects, and educate and support scientists and managers whose projects may benefit from public participation in science.To meet these goals, the workshop brought together 50 attendees (see appendix A for participant details) representing the USGS, partners, and external citizen science practitioners from diverse backgrounds (including scientists, managers, project coordinators, and technical developers, for example) to discuss these topics at the Denver Federal Center in Colorado on September 11–12, 2012. Over two and a half days, attendees participated in four major plenary sessions (Citizen Science Policy and Challenges, Engaging the Public in Scientific Research, Data Collection and Management, and Technology and Tools) comprised of 25 invited presentations and followed by structured discussions for each session designed to address both prepared and ad hoc \"big questions.\" A number of important community support and infrastructure needs were identified from the sessions and discussions, and a subteam was formed to draft a strategic vision statement to guide and prioritize future USGS efforts to support the citizen science community. Attendees also brainstormed proposal ideas for the fiscal year 2013 CDI request for proposals: one possible venue to support the execution of the vision.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131234","collaboration":"Community for Data Integration","usgsCitation":"Hines, M., Benson, A., Govoni, D., Masaki, D., Poore, B., Simpson, A., and Tessler, S., 2013, Partnering for science: proceedings of the USGS Workshop on Citizen Science (Version 1.0: September 27, 2013; Version 1.1: March 25, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1234, vi, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131234.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"61","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131234.jpg"},{"id":278203,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1234/pdf/ofr2013-1234.pdf"},{"id":278202,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1234/"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: September 27, 2013; Version 1.1: March 25, 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52469aefe4b035b7f35add8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hines, Megan","contributorId":34033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, Abigail 0000-0002-4391-107X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-107X","contributorId":45620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Abigail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Govoni, David","contributorId":13523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Govoni","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masaki, Derek dmasaki@usgs.gov","contributorId":4826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masaki","given":"Derek","email":"dmasaki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poore, Barbara","contributorId":49039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Barbara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simpson, Annie 0000-0001-8338-5134 asimpson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-5134","contributorId":127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Annie","email":"asimpson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tessler, Steven stessler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tessler","given":"Steven","email":"stessler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048466,"text":"sir20135164 - 2013 - Anatomical and genetic variation of western Oxyloma (Pulmonata: Succineidae) concerning the endangered Kanab ambersnail (Oxyloma haydeni kanabense) in Arizona and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-27T14:05:35","indexId":"sir20135164","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-27T13:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5164","title":"Anatomical and genetic variation of western Oxyloma (Pulmonata: Succineidae) concerning the endangered Kanab ambersnail (Oxyloma haydeni kanabense) in Arizona and Utah","docAbstract":"The land snail genus Oxyloma (Pulmonata: Succineidae) includes the Federally endangered Kanab ambersnail (Oxyloma haydeni kanabense Pilsbry), which is known at the time of this study from only two locations in the United States: Three Lakes, Utah, and Vaseys Paradise, Arizona, on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park. Since 1994, the Kanab ambersnail has received much attention because its presence at Vaseys Paradise has implications for the ecosystem-wide management of the Colorado River. This attention is primarily because an experimental high-flow release of water from Glen Canyon Dam in 1996 destroyed or degraded Kanab ambersnail habitat at Vaseys Paradise. This experimental high flow was designed to replicate natural flow regimes throughout the Grand Canyon river corridor. However, as a result of the habitat destruction at Vaseys Paradise, in 1996, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ruled that no further experimental high-discharge floods could be carried out until additional Kanab ambersnail populations were discovered or established. This mandate created a situation where the management of a single endangered species conflicted directly with the management of an entire ecosystem. Although since 1996, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has permitted the use of flows as high as stage heights equivalent to 44,000 cubic feet per second, higher flows were requested by various Grand Canyon stakeholders and scientists but were not possible owing to low storage of Lake Powell.\n\nAdding to the controversy about Oxyloma and the Kanab ambersnail were previous anatomical and genetic analyses of the genus, which showed that genetic characteristics of specimens did not correspond with their identifications based on traditional taxonomic criteria, raising questions about the validity of the taxonomy of Oxyloma and the protected status of Kanab ambersnails. Specifically, a previous study suggested that the endangered Kanab ambersnail population at Three Lakes was more closely related to other, non-endangered ambersnail populations across the Southwest. In contrast, the Kanab ambersnail population at Vaseys Paradise appeared to be genetically distinct from all other ambersnail populations studied.\n\nManagement options for the ambersnail population at Vaseys Paradise, at the time of this study, conflict with ecosystem-wide measures proposed to benefit other natural resources in the Grand Canyon. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will not revise the 1995 Kanab Ambersnail Recovery Plan until further genetic and anatomical analyses provide more fine-scale taxonomic resolution of the identity of Oxyloma populations on the Colorado Plateau and elsewhere in the American Southwest. Likewise, interagency cooperators cannot revise down-listing criteria for the Kanab ambersnail until substantial evidence is provided identifying distinct Oxyloma taxa or a larger group of conspecifics that reasonably could be managed as one species. Therefore, given the current controversy about the taxonomy of Oxyloma and the endangered Kanab ambersnail, new detailed analyses were completed of morphological and genetic variation from many Oxyloma specimens collected at 12 western North American locations. These new data have allowed us to evaluate many issues related to Kanab ambersnail taxonomy. Using this dataset, the study of shells and anatomy indicates that the holotype of Oxyloma haydeni kanabense plausibly can be regarded as a member of the same species as the populations of Oxyloma analyzed in this study. Additionally, the presence of gene flow among all populations is evidence that they are members of the same species. Almost all the observed genetic diversity can be accounted for by short-distance or long-distance dispersal events between populations in this study. Our major taxonomic conclusion is that all samples collected for this study were drawn from populations of the same species.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135164","usgsCitation":"Culver, M., Herrmann, H., Miller, M., Roth, B., and Sorenson, J., 2013, Anatomical and genetic variation of western Oxyloma (Pulmonata: Succineidae) concerning the endangered Kanab ambersnail (Oxyloma haydeni kanabense) in Arizona and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5164, Report: vii, 65 p.; 3 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135164.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 65 p.; 3 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[{"id":127,"text":"Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135164.jpg"},{"id":278197,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5164/pdf/sir2013-5164_appendixA.pdf"},{"id":278198,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5164/pdf/sir2013-5164_appendixB.pdf"},{"id":278199,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5164/pdf/sir2013-5164_appendixC.pdf"},{"id":278195,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5164/"},{"id":278196,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5164/pdf/sir2013-5164.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic","country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0,34.0 ], [ -114.0,39.0 ], [ -117.0,39.0 ], [ -117.0,34.0 ], [ -114.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52469ad2e4b035b7f35add85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culver, Melanie 0000-0001-5380-3059 mculver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-3059","contributorId":4327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"Melanie","email":"mculver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":127,"text":"Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrmann, Hans-Werner","contributorId":40885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Hans-Werner","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Mark","contributorId":93457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roth, Barry","contributorId":63298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sorenson, Jeff","contributorId":54103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048458,"text":"sim3258 - 2013 - Geologic map of Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-26T16:29:48","indexId":"sim3258","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3258","title":"Geologic map of Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This 1:24,000-scale geologic map is a compilation of previous geologic maps and new geologic mapping of areas in and around Chickasaw National Recreation Area. The geologic map includes revisions of numerous unit contacts and faults and a number of previously “undifferentiated” rock units were subdivided in some areas. Numerous circular-shaped hills in and around Chickasaw National Recreation Area are probably the result of karst-related collapse and may represent the erosional remnants of large, exhumed sinkholes.\n\nGeospatial registration of existing, smaller scale (1:72,000- and 1:100,000-scale) geologic maps of the area and construction of an accurate Geographic Information System (GIS) database preceded 2 years of fieldwork wherein previously mapped geology (unit contacts and faults) was verified and new geologic mapping was carried out. The geologic map of Chickasaw National Recreation Area and this pamphlet include information pertaining to how the geologic units and structural features in the map area relate to the formation of the northern Arbuckle Mountains and its Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer. The development of an accurate geospatial GIS database and the use of a handheld computer in the field greatly increased both the accuracy and efficiency in producing the 1:24,000-scale geologic map.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Blome, C.D., Lidke, D.J., Wahl, R., and Golab, J., 2013, Geologic map of Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3258, Report: iv, 28 p.; 1 Plate: 42.0 x 40.0 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3258.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 28 p.; 1 Plate: 42.0 x 40.0 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278163,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3258/pdf/SIM3258_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":278164,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3258/pdf/SIM3258_map.pdf"},{"id":278165,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3258/downloads/"},{"id":278162,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3258/"},{"id":278166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3258.gif"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 14","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Murray County","otherGeospatial":"Chicksaw National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.083333,34.383333 ], [ -97.083333,34.533333 ], [ -96.9,34.533333 ], [ -96.9,34.383333 ], [ -97.083333,34.383333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52454a25e4b0b3d37307e150","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidke, David J. 0000-0003-4668-1617 dlidke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-1617","contributorId":1211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidke","given":"David","email":"dlidke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahl, Ronald R.","contributorId":7332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Golab, James A.","contributorId":95374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golab","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048440,"text":"ofr20131222 - 2013 - Design tradeoffs for trend assessment in aquatic biological monitoring programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-26T12:57:25","indexId":"ofr20131222","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1222","title":"Design tradeoffs for trend assessment in aquatic biological monitoring programs","docAbstract":"Assessments of long-term (multiyear) temporal trends in biological monitoring programs are generally undertaken without an adequate understanding of the temporal variability of biological communities. When the sources and levels of variability are unknown, managers cannot make informed choices in sampling design to achieve monitoring goals in a cost-effective manner. We evaluated different trend sampling designs by estimating components of both short- and long-term variability in biological indicators of water quality in streams. Invertebrate samples were collected from 32 sites—9 urban, 6 agricultural, and 17 relatively undisturbed (reference) streams—distributed throughout the United States. Between 5 and 12 yearly samples were collected at each site during the period 1993–2008, plus 2 samples within a 10-week index period during either 2007 or 2008. These data allowed calculation of four sources of variance for invertebrate indicators: among sites, among years within sites, interaction among sites and years (site-specific annual variation), and among samples collected within an index period at a site (residual). When estimates of these variance components are known, changes to sampling design can be made to improve trend detection. Design modifications that result in the ability to detect the smallest trend with the fewest samples are, from most to least effective: (1) increasing the number of years in the sampling period (duration of the monitoring program), (2) decreasing the interval between samples, and (3) increasing the number of repeat-visit samples per year (within an index period). This order of improvement in trend detection, which achieves the greatest gain for the fewest samples, is the same whether trends are assessed at an individual site or an average trend of multiple sites. In multiple-site surveys, increasing the number of sites has an effect similar to that of decreasing the sampling interval; the benefit of adding sites is greater when a new set of different sites is selected for each sampling effort than when the same sites are sampled each time. Understanding variance components of the ecological attributes of interest can lead to more cost-effective monitoring designs to detect trends.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131222","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program; Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Gurtz, M.E., Van Sickle, J., Carlisle, D.M., and Paulsen, S., 2013, Design tradeoffs for trend assessment in aquatic biological monitoring programs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1222, v, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131222.","productDescription":"v, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131222.gif"},{"id":278140,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1222/"},{"id":278141,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1222/pdf/ofr2013-1222.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Arizona;Arkansas;California;Colorado;Georgia;Idaho;Indiana;Massachusetts;Michigan;New Jersey;North Carolina;Pennsylvania;Ohio;Oregon;Texas;Utah;Virginia;Washington;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52454a24e4b0b3d37307e14d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gurtz, Martin E. megurtz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtz","given":"Martin","email":"megurtz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Sickle, John","contributorId":72698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Sickle","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paulsen, Steven G.","contributorId":23837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulsen","given":"Steven G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048439,"text":"sir20135053 - 2013 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal study unit, 2008: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:15:23","indexId":"sir20135053","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T11:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5053","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal study unit, 2008: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality in the South Coast Range–Coastal (SCRC) study unit was investigated from May through November 2008 as part of the Priority Basin Project of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The study unit is located in the Southern Coast Range hydrologic province and includes parts of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
\nThe GAMA Priority Basin Project was designed to provide a statistically unbiased, spatially distributed assessment of untreated groundwater quality within the primary aquifer system. The primary aquifer system is defined as that part of the aquifer corresponding to the perforation interval of wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database for the SCRC study unit.
\nThe assessments for the SCRC study unit were based on water-quality and ancillary data collected in 2008 by the USGS from 55 wells on a spatially distributed grid, and water-quality data from the CDPH database. Two types of assessments were made: (1) status, assessment of the current quality of the groundwater resource, and (2) understanding, identification of the natural and human factors affecting groundwater quality. Water-quality and ancillary data were collected from an additional 15 wells for the understanding assessment. The assessments characterize untreated groundwater quality, not the quality of treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water purveyors.
\nThe first component of this study, the status assessment of groundwater quality, used data from samples analyzed for anthropogenic constituents such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and pesticides, as well as naturally occurring inorganic constituents such as major ions and trace elements. Although the status assessment applies to untreated groundwater, Federal and California regulatory and non-regulatory water-quality benchmarks that apply to drinking water are used to provide context for the results. Relative-concentrations (sample concentration divided by benchmark concentration) were used for evaluating groundwater. A relative-concentration greater than (>) 1.0 indicates a concentration greater than the benchmark and is classified as high. Inorganic constituents are classified as moderate if relative-concentrations are >0.5 and less than or equal to (≤) 1.0, or low if relative-concentrations are ≤0.5. For organic constituents, the boundary between moderate and low relative-concentrations was set at 0.1.
\nAquifer-scale proportion was used in the status assessment as the primary metric for evaluating regional-scale groundwater quality. High aquifer-scale proportion is defined as the areal percentage of the primary aquifer system with a high relative-concentration for a particular constituent or class of constituents. Moderate and low aquifer-scale proportions were defined as the areal percentage of the primary aquifer system with moderate and low relative-concentrations, respectively. Two statistical approaches—grid-based and spatially weighted—were used to evaluate aquifer-scale proportions for individual constituents and classes of constituents. Grid-based and spatially weighted estimates were comparable for the study (within 90 percent confidence intervals).
\nFor inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks, relative-concentrations were high for at least one constituent for 33 percent of the primary aquifer system in the SCRC study unit. Arsenic, molybdenum, and nitrate were the primary inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks that were detected at high relative-concentrations. Inorganic constituents with aesthetic benchmarks, referred to as secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCLs), had high relative-concentrations for 35 percent of the primary aquifer system. Iron, manganese, total dissolved solids (TDS), and sulfate were the inorganic constituents with SMCLs detected at high relative-concentrations.
\nIn contrast to inorganic constituents, organic constituents with human-health benchmarks were not detected at high relative-concentrations in the primary aquifer system in the SCRC study unit. Of the 205 organic constituents analyzed, 21 were detected—13 with human-health benchmarks. Perchloroethene (PCE) was the only VOC detected at moderate relative-concentrations. PCE, dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), and chloroform were detected in more than 10 percent of the primary aquifer system. Of the two special-interest constituents, one was detected; perchlorate, which has a human-health benchmark, was detected at moderate relative-concentrations in 29 percent of the primary aquifer system and had a detection frequency of 60 percent in the SCRC study unit.
\nThe second component of this study, the understanding assessment, identified the natural and human factors that may have affected groundwater quality in the SCRC study unit by evaluating statistical correlations between water-quality constituents and potential explanatory factors. The potential explanatory factors evaluated were land use, septic tank density, well depth and depth to top-of-perforations, groundwater age, density and distance to the nearest formerly leaking underground fuel tank (LUFT), pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Results of the statistical evaluations were used to explain the occurrence and distribution of constituents in the study unit.
\nDO was the primary explanatory factor influencing the concentrations of many inorganic constituents. Arsenic, iron, and manganese concentrations increased as DO concentrations decreased, consistent with patterns expected as a result of reductive dissolution of iron and (or) manganese oxides in aquifer sediments. Molybdenum concentrations increased in anoxic conditions and in oxic conditions with high pH, reflecting two mechanisms for the mobilization of molybdenum—reductive dissolution and pH-dependent desorption under oxic conditions from aquifer sediments. Nitrate concentrations decreased as DO concentrations decreased which would be consistent with degradation of nitrate under anoxic conditions (denitrification). It also is possible that nitrate concentrations decreased in relation to increasing depth and groundwater age and not as a result of denitrification.
\nGroundwater age was another explanatory factor frequently correlated to several inorganic constituents. Iron and manganese concentrations were higher in pre-modern (water recharged before 1952) or mixed-age groundwater. This correlation is one indication that iron and manganese are from natural sources. Nitrate, TDS, and sulfate concentrations were higher in modern groundwater (water recharged since 1952) and may indicate that human activities increase concentrations of nitrate, TDS, and sulfate.
\nLand use was a third explanatory factor frequently correlated with inorganic constituents. Nitrate, TDS, and sulfate concentrations were higher in agricultural land-use areas than in natural land-use areas, indicating that increased concentrations may be a result of agricultural practices.
\nOrganic constituents usually were detected at low relative-concentrations; therefore, statistical analyses of relations to explanatory factors usually were done for classes of constituents (for example, pesticides or solvents) as well as for selected constituents. The number of VOCs detected in a well was not correlated to any of the explanatory factors evaluated. The number of pesticide and solvent detections and PCE and CFC-12 concentrations were higher in modern groundwater than in pre-modern groundwater. PCE and CFC-12 also were positively correlated to the density of LUFTs. PCE was negatively correlated to natural land use. Chloroform concentrations were positively correlated to the density of septic systems.
\nPerchlorate concentrations were greater in agricultural areas than in urban or natural areas. Correlation of perchlorate with DO may indicate that perchlorate biodegradation under anoxic conditions may occur. Anthropogenic sources have contributed perchlorate to groundwater in the SCRC study unit, although low levels of perchlorate may occur naturally.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135053","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program, Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Burton, C., Land, M., and Belitz, K., 2013, Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal study unit, 2008: California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5053, ix, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135053.","productDescription":"ix, 86 p.","numberOfPages":"100","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135053.jpg"},{"id":278135,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5053/"},{"id":278136,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5053/pdf/sir2013-5053.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52454a27e4b0b3d37307e15f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, Carmen A. 0000-0002-6381-8833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-8833","contributorId":41793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Carmen A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Land, Michael 0000-0001-5141-0307 mtland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-0307","contributorId":1479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Michael","email":"mtland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048438,"text":"fs20133061 - 2013 - Water resources of Assumption Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-10T21:16:59.887738","indexId":"fs20133061","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T11:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3061","title":"Water resources of Assumption Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Assumption Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for management of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here. In 2010, about 21.4 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of water were withdrawn in Assumption Parish, including about 12.4 Mgal/d from surface-water sources and 9.03 Mgal/d from groundwater sources. Withdrawals for industrial use accounted for about 16.4 Mgal/d or 76 percent of the total water withdrawn. Other categories of use included public supply, rural domestic, livestock, general irrigation, and aquaculture.Water-use data collected at 5-year intervals from 1960 to 2010 indicated that water withdrawals peaked in 2000 at about 29.7 Mgal/d.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133061","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"Prakken, L., and Lovelace, J.K., 2013, Water resources of Assumption Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3061, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133061.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505362,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99059.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":278133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3061/pdf/FS13-3061.pdf"},{"id":278132,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3061/"},{"id":278134,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133061.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Assumption Parish","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.260338,29.626211 ], [ -91.260338,30.081902 ], [ -90.885307,30.081902 ], [ -90.885307,29.626211 ], [ -91.260338,29.626211 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52454a27e4b0b3d37307e165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B.","contributorId":73978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovelace, John K. 0000-0002-8532-2599 jlovelac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8532-2599","contributorId":999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelace","given":"John","email":"jlovelac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048418,"text":"ofr20131238 - 2013 - The U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory: an integrated scientific program supporting research and conservation of North American birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T19:06:46.502308","indexId":"ofr20131238","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1238","title":"The U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory: an integrated scientific program supporting research and conservation of North American birds","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) was established in 1920 after ratification of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act with the United Kingdom in 1918. During World War II, the BBL was moved from Washington, D.C., to what is now the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (PWRC). The BBL issues permits and bands to permittees to band birds, records bird band recoveries or encounters primarily through telephone and Internet reporting, and manages more than 72 million banding records and more than 4.5 million records of encounters using state-of-the-art technologies. Moreover, the BBL also issues bands and manages banding and encounter data for the Canadian Bird Banding Office (BBO). Each year approximately 1 million bands are shipped from the BBL to banders in the United States and Canada, and nearly 100,000 encounter reports are entered into the BBL systems. Banding data are essential for regulatory programs, especially migratory waterfowl harvest regulations.\n\nThe USGS BBL works closely with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to develop regulations for the capture, handling, banding, and marking of birds. These regulations are published in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). In 2006, the BBL and the USFWS Division of Migratory Bird Management (DMBM) began a comprehensive revision of the banding regulations.\n\nThe bird banding community has three major constituencies: Federal and State agency personnel involved in the management and conservation of bird populations that include the Flyway Councils, ornithological research scientists, and avocational banders.\n\nWith increased demand for banding activities and relatively constant funding, a Federal Advisory Committee (Committee) was chartered and reviewed the BBL program in 2005. The final report of the Committee included six major goals and 58 specific recommendations, 47 of which have been addressed by the BBL. Specifically, the Committee recommended the BBL continue to support science, conservation, and management of birds through the use of banding and banding data and that the BBL be managed by the USGS and located at the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (PWRC) in Laurel, Maryland. Recommendations that have not been implemented include those already addressed by other organizations, as well as lower priority, such as developing a BBL business plan.\n\nThe comprehensive review and recommendations of the Committee, the response of the BBL to address the Committee’s recommendations, and other improvements to its operations have positioned the BBL to provide a high level of service to the banding community. As new technologies are developed and incorporated into BBL operations, further efficiencies are expected to enable the BBL to continue to meet emerging scientific needs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Surey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131238","usgsCitation":"Smith, G.J., 2013, The U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory: an integrated scientific program supporting research and conservation of North American birds: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1238, iv, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131238.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p.","numberOfPages":"96","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278107,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1238/"},{"id":278109,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131238.jpg"},{"id":278108,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1238/pdf/ofr2013-1238.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52454a27e4b0b3d37307e162","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Gregory J. gsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gregory","email":"gsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70127139,"text":"70127139 - 2013 - Effects of stock use and backpackers on water quality in wilderness in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-26T09:29:08","indexId":"70127139","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-26T09:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of stock use and backpackers on water quality in wilderness in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, USA","docAbstract":"During 2010-2011, a study was conducted in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) to evaluate the influence of pack animals (stock) and backpackers on water quality in wilderness lakes and streams. The study had three main components: (1) a synoptic survey of water quality in wilderness areas of the parks, (2) paired water-quality sampling above and below several areas with differing types and amounts of visitor use, and (3) intensive monitoring at six sites to document temporal variations in water quality. Data from the synoptic water-quality survey indicated that wilderness lakes and streams are dilute and have low nutrient and Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations. The synoptic survey sites were categorized as minimal use, backpacker use, or mixed use (stock and backpackers), depending on the most prevalent type of use upstream from the sampling locations. Sites with mixed use tended to have higher concentrations of most constituents (including E.coli) than those categorized as minimal-use (p≤0.05); concentrations at backpacker-use sites were intermediate. Data from paired-site sampling indicated that E.coli, total coliform, and particulate phosphorus concentrations were greater in streams downstream from mixed-use areas than upstream from those areas (p≤0.05). Paired-site data also indicated few statistically significant differences in nutrient, E. coli, or total coliform concentrations in streams upstream and downstream from backpacker-use areas. The intensive-monitoring data indicated that nutrient and E. coli concentrations normally were low, except during storms, when notable increases in concentrations of E.coli, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, and turbidity occurred. In summary, results from this study indicate that water quality in SEKI wilderness generally is good, except during storms; and visitor use appears to have a small, but statistically significant influence on stream water quality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-013-0166-x","usgsCitation":"Clow, D.W., Forrester, H., Miller, B., Roop, H., Sickman, J.O., Ryu, H., and Santo Domingo, J., 2013, Effects of stock use and backpackers on water quality in wilderness in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, USA: Environmental Management, v. 52, no. 6, p. 1400-1414, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0166-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1400","endPage":"1414","ipdsId":"IP-049303","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6c1258vp","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294564,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0166-x"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park;Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.98,36.29 ], [ -118.98,37.24 ], [ -118.23,37.24 ], [ -118.23,36.29 ], [ -118.98,36.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54268017e4b0bb3382a47652","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forrester, Harrison","contributorId":21084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forrester","given":"Harrison","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Benjamin","contributorId":79818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roop, Heidi","contributorId":64581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roop","given":"Heidi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sickman, James O.","contributorId":30741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ryu, Hodon","contributorId":56145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryu","given":"Hodon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Santo Domingo, Jorge","contributorId":20264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santo Domingo","given":"Jorge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048409,"text":"ofr20131173 - 2013 - Laboratory evaluation of the Level TROLL 100 manufactured by In-Situ Inc.: results of pressure and temperature tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-25T14:19:26","indexId":"ofr20131173","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-25T14:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1173","title":"Laboratory evaluation of the Level TROLL 100 manufactured by In-Situ Inc.: results of pressure and temperature tests","docAbstract":"The Level TROLL 100 manufactured by In-Situ Inc. was evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility (HIF) for conformance to the manufacturer’s accuracy specifications for measuring pressure throughout the device’s operating temperature range. The Level TROLL 100 is a submersible, sealed, water-level sensing device with an operating pressure range equivalent to 0 to 30 feet of water over a temperature range of −20 to 50 degrees Celsius (°C). The device met the manufacturer’s stated accuracy specifications for pressure within its temperature-compensated operating range of 0 to 50 °C. The device’s accuracy specifications did not meet established USGS requirements for primary water-stage sensors used in the operation of streamgages, but the Level TROLL 100 may be suitable for other hydrologic data-collection applications. As a note, the Level TROLL 100 is not designed to meet USGS accuracy requirements. Manufacturer accuracy specifications were evaluated, and the procedures followed and the results obtained are described in this report. USGS accuracy requirements are routinely examined and reported when instruments are evaluated at the HIF.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131173","usgsCitation":"Carnley, M.V., Fulford, J.M., and Brooks, M.H., 2013, Laboratory evaluation of the Level TROLL 100 manufactured by In-Situ Inc.: results of pressure and temperature tests: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1173, v, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131173.","productDescription":"v, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":339,"text":"Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131173.gif"},{"id":278097,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1173/"},{"id":278098,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1173/pdf/ofr2013-1173.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5243f811e4b05b217bad9ff1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carnley, Mark V. mcarnley@usgs.gov","contributorId":2723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carnley","given":"Mark","email":"mcarnley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Myron H. mhbrooks@usgs.gov","contributorId":4386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Myron","email":"mhbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048405,"text":"sir20135161 - 2013 - Enhancements to the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS) groundwater-flow model and simulations of sustainable water-level scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T13:10:14","indexId":"sir20135161","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-25T11:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5161","title":"Enhancements to the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS) groundwater-flow model and simulations of sustainable water-level scenarios","docAbstract":"Arkansas continues to be one of the largest users of groundwater in the Nation. As such, long-term planning and management are essential to ensure continued availability of groundwater and surface water for years to come. The Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS) model was developed previously as a tool to evaluate groundwater availability within the Mississippi embayment, which encompasses much of eastern Arkansas where the majority of groundwater is used. The Arkansas Water Plan is being updated for the first time since 1990 and serves as the State’s primary, comprehensive water-resources planning and guidance document. The MERAS model was selected as the best available tool for evaluation of specific water-use pumping scenarios that are currently being considered by the State of Arkansas. The model, developed as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Resources Program’s assessment of the Nation’s groundwater availability, is proving to be invaluable to the State as it works toward development of a sustained yield pumping strategy. One aspect of this investigation was to evaluate multiple methods to improve the match of observed to simulated groundwater levels within the Mississippi River Valley alluvial and middle Claiborne (Sparta) aquifers in the MERAS model. Five primary methods were evaluated: (1) explicit simulation of evapotranspiration (ET), (2) upgrade of the Multi-Node Well (MNW2) Package, (3) geometry improvement within the Streamflow Routing (SFR) Package, (4) parameter estimation of select aquifer properties with pilot points, and (5) modification of water-use estimates. For the planning purposes of the Arkansas Water Plan, three scenarios were developed to evaluate potential future conditions: (1) simulation of previously optimized pumping values within the Mississippi River Valley alluvial and the middle Claiborne aquifers, (2) simulated prolonged effects of pumping at average recent (2000–5) rates, and (3) simulation of drawdown constraints on most pumping wells.
\n\nThe explicit simulation of ET indicated little, if any, improvement of model fit at the expense of much longer simulation time and was not included in further simulations. Numerous attempts to fully utilize the MNW2 Package were unsuccessful in achieving model stability, though modifications made to the water-use dataset remained intact. Final improvements in the residual statistics may be attributed to a single method, or a cumulative effect of all other methods (geometry improvement with the SFR Package, parameter estimation with pilot points, and modification of water-use estimates) attempted. The root mean squared error (RMSE) for all observations in the model is 22.65 feet (ft) over a range in observed hydraulic head of 741.66 ft. The RMSE for water-level observations in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer is 14.14 ft (an improvement of almost 3 ft) over a range in observed hydraulic head of 297.25 ft. The RMSE for the Sparta aquifer is 32.02 ft (an improvement of approximately 3 ft) over a range in observed hydraulic head of 634.94 ft.
\n\nThree scenarios were developed to utilize a steady-state version of the MERAS model. Scenario 1 was developed to use pumping values resulting from the optimization of baseline rates (typically 1997 pumping rates) from previous optimization modeling of the alluvial aquifer and the Sparta aquifer. Scenario 2 was developed to evaluate the prolonged effects of pumping from the alluvial aquifer at recent pumping rates. Scenario 3A was designed to evaluate withdrawal limits from the alluvial aquifer by utilizing drawdown constraints equal to an altitude of approximately 50 percent of the predevelopment saturated thickness of the alluvial aquifer or 30 ft above the bottom of the alluvial aquifer, whichever was greater. The results of scenario 1 indicate large water-level declines throughout the area of the alluvial aquifer, regardless of the substitution of the optimized pumping values from earlier model simulations. The results of scenario 2 also indicate large areas of water-level decline, as compared to half of the saturated thickness, throughout the alluvial aquifer. The results of scenario 3A reveal some effects from the inclusion of multiple aquifers in a single simulation. The initial configuration of scenario 3A resulted in water levels well below the defined drawdown constraint, and some areas of depleted aquifer (water levels that are near or below the bottom of the aquifer) in east-central Arkansas. A fourth simulation (scenario 3B) was configured to apply the same drawdown constraints from the alluvial aquifer wells to the Sparta aquifer wells in the depleted area. These drawdown constraints reduce leakage from the alluvial aquifer to the underlying Sparta aquifer. This configuration did not produce depleted areas within the alluvial aquifer. Scenarios 3A and 3B indicate that even when pumping is limited in the alluvial aquifer, water levels in the alluvial aquifer may continue to decline in some areas because of pumping in the underlying Sparta aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135161","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Clark, B.R., Westerman, D.A., and Fugitt, D.T., 2013, Enhancements to the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS) groundwater-flow model and simulations of sustainable water-level scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5161, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135161.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135161.gif"},{"id":278148,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5161/pdf/sir2013-5161.pdf"},{"id":278089,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5161/"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.054,30.4913 ], [ -94.054,38.5052 ], [ -86.5118,38.5052 ], [ -86.5118,30.4913 ], [ -94.054,30.4913 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5243f810e4b05b217bad9fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Brian R. 0000-0001-6611-3807 brclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-3807","contributorId":1502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Brian","email":"brclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Westerman, Drew A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fugitt, D. Todd","contributorId":7835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fugitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048404,"text":"tm6A47 - 2013 - Use of multi-node wells in the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-25T10:07:43","indexId":"tm6A47","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-25T10:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A47","title":"Use of multi-node wells in the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005)","docAbstract":"Many groundwater wells are open to multiple aquifers or to multiple intervals within a single aquifer. These types of wells can be represented in numerical simulations of groundwater flow by use of the Multi-Node Well (MNW) Packages developed for the U.S. Geological Survey’s MODFLOW model. However, previous versions of the Groundwater-Management (GWM) Process for MODFLOW did not allow the use of multi-node wells in groundwater-management formulations. This report describes modifications to the MODFLOW–2005 version of the GWM Process (GWM–2005) to provide for such use with the MNW2 Package. Multi-node wells can be incorporated into a management formulation as flow-rate decision variables for which optimal withdrawal or injection rates will be determined as part of the GWM–2005 solution process. In addition, the heads within multi-node wells can be used as head-type state variables, and, in that capacity, be included in the objective function or constraint set of a management formulation. Simple head bounds also can be defined to constrain water levels at multi-node wells. The report provides instructions for including multi-node wells in the GWM–2005 data-input files and a sample problem that demonstrates use of multi-node wells in a typical groundwater-management problem.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A47","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Ahlfeld, D.P., and Barlow, P.M., 2013, Use of multi-node wells in the Groundwater-Management Process of MODFLOW-2005 (GWM-2005): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A47, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A47.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm6a47.gif"},{"id":278078,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a47/"},{"id":278079,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a47/pdf/tm6-a47.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5243f813e4b05b217bada001","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlfeld, David P.","contributorId":49464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlfeld","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048400,"text":"sir20135117 - 2013 - Characterization of water quality and biological communities, Fish Creek, Teton County, Wyoming, 2007-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-25T09:01:14","indexId":"sir20135117","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-25T08:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5117","title":"Characterization of water quality and biological communities, Fish Creek, Teton County, Wyoming, 2007-2011","docAbstract":"Fish Creek, an approximately 25-kilometer-long tributary to Snake River, is located in Teton County in western Wyoming near the town of Wilson. Fish Creek is an important water body because it is used for irrigation, fishing, and recreation and adds scenic value to the Jackson Hole properties it runs through. Public concern about nuisance growths of aquatic plants in Fish Creek has been increasing since the early 2000s. To address these concerns, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study in cooperation with the Teton Conservation District to characterize the hydrology, water quality, and biologic communities of Fish Creek during 2007–11.
\n\nThe hydrology of Fish Creek is strongly affected by groundwater contributions from the area known as the Snake River west bank, which lies east of Fish Creek and west of Snake River. Because of this continuous groundwater discharge to the creek, land-use activities in the west bank area can affect the groundwater quality. Evaluation of nitrate isotopes and dissolved-nitrate concentrations in groundwater during the study indicated that nitrate was entering Fish Creek from groundwater, and that the source of nitrate was commonly a septic/sewage effluent or manure source, or multiple sources, potentially including artificial nitrogen fertilizers, natural soil organic matter, and mixtures of sources.
\n\nConcentrations of dissolved nitrate and orthophosphate, which are key nutrients for growth of aquatic plants, generally were low in Fish Creek and occasionally were less than reporting levels (not detected). One potential reason for the low nutrient concentrations is that nutrients were being consumed by aquatic plant life that increases during the summer growing season, as a result of the seasonal increase in temperature and larger number of daylight hours.
\n\nSeveral aspects of Fish Creek’s hydrology contribute to higher productivity and biovolume of aquatic plants in Fish Creek than typically observed in streams of its size in Wyoming. Especially in the winter, the proportionately large, continuous gain of groundwater into Fish Creek in the perennial section keeps most of the creek free of ice. Because sunlight can still reach the streambed in Fish Creek and the water is still flowing, aquatic plants continue to photosynthesize in the winter, albeit at a lower level of productivity. Additionally, the cobble and large gravel substrate in Fish Creek provides excellent attachment points for aquatic plants, and when combined with Fish Creek’s channel stability allows rapid growth of aquatic plants once conditions allow during the spring.
\n\nThe aquatic plant community of Fish Creek was different than most streams in Wyoming in that it contains many different macrophytes—including macroalgae such as long streamers of Cladophora, aquatic vascular plants, and moss; most other streams in the state contain predominantly algae. From the banks of Fish Creek, the bottom of the stream sometimes appeared to be a solid green carpet. A shift was observed from higher amounts of microalgae in April/May to higher amounts macrophytes in August and October, and differences in the relative abundance of microalgae and macrophytes were statistically significant between seasons.
\n\nDifferences in dissolved-nitrate concentrations and in the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio were significantly different between seasons, as concentrations of dissolved nitrate decreased from April/May to August and October. It is likely that dissolved-nitrate concentrations in Fish Creek were lower in August and October because macrophytes were quickly utilizing the nutrient, and a negative correlation between macro-phytes and nitrate was found.
\n\nMacroinvertebrates also were sampled because of their role as indicators of water quality and their documented responses to perturbation such as degradation of water quality and habitat. Statistically significant seasonal differences were noted in the macroinvertebrate community. Taxa richness and relative abundance of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera, which tend to be intolerant of water-quality degradation, decreased from April/May to August; the same time period saw a corresponding increase in Diptera and noninsects, particularly Oligochaeta (worms) that are more tolerant.
\n\nSeasonal changes in macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups were significantly different. The relative abundance of gatherer-collector and scraper feeding groups decreased from April/May to August, accompanied by an increase in filterer-collector and shredders feeding groups. Seasonal changes in feeding groups might be due to the seasonal shift in aquatic plant communities, as indicated by comparison with other streams in the area that had fewer aquatic macrophytes than Fish Creek. Statistical tests of macroinvertebrate metrics indicated few differences between years or biological sampling sites on Fish Creek, although the site farthest upstream sometimes was different not only in terms of macroinvertebrates but also in streamflow, water quality, and aquatic plants.
\n\nPotential effects of contributions of additional nutrients to the Fish Creek ecosystem beyond the conditions sampled during the study period are not known. However, because virtually all of the detectable dissolved nitrate commonly was consumed by aquatic plants in August (leaving dissolved nitrate less than the reporting level in water samples), it is possible that increased nutrient contributions could cause increased growth of aquatic plants. Additional long-term monitoring of the stream, with concurrent data analysis and interpretation would be needed to determine the effects of additional nutrients on the aquatic plant community and on higher levels of the food chain.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135117","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Teton Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Eddy-Miller, C., Peterson, D.A., Wheeler, J.D., Edmiston, C.S., Taylor, M.L., and Leemon, D.J., 2013, Characterization of water quality and biological communities, Fish Creek, Teton County, Wyoming, 2007-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5117, Report: x, 76 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135117.","productDescription":"Report: x, 76 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-042351","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135117.gif"},{"id":278055,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5117/"},{"id":278056,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5117/pdf/sir2013-5117.pdf"},{"id":278057,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5117/downloads/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Teton County","otherGeospatial":"Fish Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.045942,43.409662 ], [ -111.045942,43.899253 ], [ -110.359812,43.899253 ], [ -110.359812,43.409662 ], [ -111.045942,43.409662 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5243f7cfe4b05b217bad9fe9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eddy-Miller, Cheryl A.","contributorId":86755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddy-Miller","given":"Cheryl A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, David A. davep@usgs.gov","contributorId":1742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"davep@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wheeler, Jerrod D. 0000-0002-0533-8700 jwheele@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0533-8700","contributorId":1893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Jerrod","email":"jwheele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edmiston, C. Scott","contributorId":30595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmiston","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Michelle L.","contributorId":35206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leemon, Daniel J.","contributorId":70090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leemon","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70048392,"text":"sir20135152 - 2013 - Estimation of sediment inflows to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 2009-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:20:10","indexId":"sir20135152","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-24T15:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5152","title":"Estimation of sediment inflows to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 2009-11","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Tuscaloosa, evaluated the concentrations, loads, and yields of suspended sediment in the tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa in west-central Alabama, from October 1, 2008, to January 31, 2012. The collection and analysis of these data will facilitate the comparison with historical data, serve as a baseline for future sediment-collection efforts, and help to identify areas of concern. Lake Tuscaloosa, at the reservoir dam, receives runoff from a drainage area of 423 square miles (mi2). Basinwide in 2006, forested land was the primary land cover (68 percent). Comparison of historical imagery with the National Land Cover Database (2001 and 2006) indicated that the greatest temporal land-use change was timber harvest. The land cover in 2006 was indicative of this change, with shrub/scrub land (12 percent) being the secondary land use in the basin. Agricultural land use (10 percent) was represented predominantly by hay and pasture or grasslands. Urban land use was minimal, accounting for 4 percent of the entire basin. The remaining 6 percent of the basin has a land use of open water or wetlands. Storm and monthly suspended-sediment samples were collected from seven tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa: North River, Turkey Creek, Binion Creek, Pole Bridge Creek, Tierce Creek, Carroll Creek, and Brush Creek. Suspended-sediment concentrations and streamflow measurements were statistically analyzed to estimate annual suspended-sediment loads and yields from each of these contributing watersheds. Estimated annual suspended-sediment yields in 2009 were 360, 540, and 840 tons per square mile (tons/mi2) at the North River, Turkey Creek, and Carroll Creek streamflow-gaging stations, respectively. Estimated annual suspended-sediment yields in 2010 were 120 and 86 tons/mi2 at the Binion Creek and Pole Bridge Creek streamflow-gaging stations, respectively. Estimated annual suspended-sediment yields in 2011 were 190 and 300 tons/mi2 at the Tierce Creek and Brush Creek streamflow-gaging stations, respectively. The North River watershed at the streamflow-gaging station contributes 53 percent of the drainage area for Lake Tuscaloosa. A previous study in the 1970s analyzed streamflow and historical suspended-sediment samples to estimate a long-term average suspended-sediment yield of 300 tons per year per square mile in the North River watershed. Analysis of data collected in the North River watershed during the 2009 water year (October 2008 to September 2009) estimated a sediment yield of 360 tons/mi2. The North River watershed, a major portion of the Lake Tuscaloosa drainage basin, has not experienced a substantial increase in sedimentation rates. During the 2009 water year, the Turkey Creek watershed (6.16 mi2) and the Carroll Creek watershed (20.9 mi2) produced greater suspended-sediment yields than the North River watershed but contribute a much smaller drainage area to Lake Tuscaloosa. Aerial photography and bathymetric surveys indicate that Carroll Creek has experienced increased sediment deposition in the upstream portions of the channel. Carroll Creek is also the only watershed in the current study that has a substantial percentage (11 percent) of urban","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135152","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with City of Tuscaloosa","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., 2013, Estimation of sediment inflows to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 2009-11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5152, viii, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135152.","productDescription":"viii, 65 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135152.gif"},{"id":278049,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5152/"},{"id":278050,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5152/pdf/sir2013-5152.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Alabama","county":"Fayette County;Tuscaloosa County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tuscaloosa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.952094,32.636200 ], [ -87.952094,33.919871 ], [ -86.427100,33.919871 ], [ -86.427100,32.636200 ], [ -87.952094,32.636200 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5242a695e4b096ee624641c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, K.G.","contributorId":28319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048388,"text":"ds793 - 2013 - Geospatial compilation of historical water-level altitudes in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers 1977-2013 and Jasper aquifer 2000-13 in the Gulf Coast aquifer system, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-20T19:16:55.166228","indexId":"ds793","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-24T14:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"793","title":"Geospatial compilation of historical water-level altitudes in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers 1977-2013 and Jasper aquifer 2000-13 in the Gulf Coast aquifer system, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District has produced a series of annual reports depicting groundwater-level altitudes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers of the Gulf Coast aquifer system in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas. To produce these annual reports, contours of equal water-level altitudes are created from water levels measured between December and March of each year from groundwater wells screened completely within one of these three aquifers. Information obtained from maps published in the annual series of USGS reports and geospatial datasets of water-level altitude contours used to create the annual series of USGS reports were compiled into a comprehensive geodatabase. The geospatial compilation contains 88 datasets from previously published contour maps showing water-level altitudes for each primary aquifer of the Gulf Coast aquifer system, 37 for the Chicot (1977–2013), 37 for the Evangeline aquifer (1977–2013), and 14 for the Jasper aquifer (2000–13).
\nMaps were georeferenced and digitized where existing geographic information system (GIS) data were unavailable (1977–89, 1991, 1995–99). Existing GIS data available for 1990, 1992–94, and 2000–13 were included in the geodatabase. The feature classes were organized into three feature datasets by principal aquifer: Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers.
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Changes to rule curves are often contemplated and requested by various user groups and management agencies with no information available about the actual flood risk of such requests. Methods of estimating flood risk in reservoirs are not easily available to those unfamiliar with hydrological models that track water movement through a river basin. We developed a quantile regression model that uses readily available daily water-level data to estimate risk of spilling. Our model provided a relatively simple process for estimating the maximum applicable water level under a specific flood risk for any day of the year. This water level represents an upper-limit umbrella under which water levels can be operated in a variety of ways. Our model allows the visualization of water-level management under a user-specified flood risk and provides a framework for incorporating the effect of a changing environment on water-level management in reservoirs, but is not designed to replace existing hydrological models. The model can improve communication and collaboration among agencies responsible for managing natural resources dependent on reservoir water levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research","publisherLocation":"Madrid, Spain","doi":"10.1080/15715124.2013.823979","usgsCitation":"Mower, E., and Miranda, L.E., 2013, Evaluating changes to reservoir rule curves using historical water-level data: International Journal of River Basin Management, v. 11, no. 3, p. 323-328, https://doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2013.823979.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048954","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a0ecb1e4b0183d66e43039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mower, Ethan","contributorId":143702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mower","given":"Ethan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}