{"pageNumber":"567","pageRowStart":"14150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46856,"records":[{"id":70048381,"text":"sir20135132 - 2013 - Chemistry and age of groundwater in bedrock aquifers of the Piceance and Yellow Creek watersheds, Rio Blanco County, Colorado, 2010-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:21:01","indexId":"sir20135132","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-24T12:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5132","title":"Chemistry and age of groundwater in bedrock aquifers of the Piceance and Yellow Creek watersheds, Rio Blanco County, Colorado, 2010-12","docAbstract":"Fourteen monitoring wells completed in the Uinta and Green River Formations in the Piceance Creek and Yellow Creek watersheds in Rio Blanco County, Colorado, were sampled for chemical, isotopic, and groundwater-age tracers to provide information on the overall groundwater quality, the occurrence and distribution of chemicals that could be related to the development of underlying natural-gas reservoirs, and to better understand groundwater residence times in the flow system. Methane concentrations in groundwater ranged from less than 0.0005 to 387 milligrams per liter. The methane was predominantly biogenic in origin, although the biogenic methane was mixed with thermogenic methane in water from seven wells. Three BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene) were detected in water from six of the wells, but none of the concentrations exceeded Federal drinking-water standards. The presence of thermogenic methane in the aquifers indicates a connection and vulnerability to chemicals in deeper geologic units. Helium-4 data indicate that groundwater had ages ranging from less than 1,000 years to greater than 50,000 years. The presence of old groundwater in parts of the aquifers indicates that these aquifers may not be useful for large-scale water supply because of low recharge rates.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, White River Field Office","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P., Thomas, J., and Hunt, A., 2013, Chemistry and age of groundwater in bedrock aquifers of the Piceance and Yellow Creek watersheds, Rio Blanco County, Colorado, 2010-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5132, viii, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135132.","productDescription":"viii, 86 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70048381.gif"},{"id":278035,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5132/"},{"id":278034,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5132/pdf/sir2013-5132.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 13 North","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Rio Blanco County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.882751,39.627375 ], [ -108.882751,40.110113 ], [ -107.998352,40.110113 ], [ -107.998352,39.627375 ], [ -108.882751,39.627375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f241e4b0bc0bec0a028c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, J.C.","contributorId":95435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, A.G.","contributorId":68691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048362,"text":"sir20135075 - 2013 - Ranking contributing areas of salt and selenium in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, using multiple linear regression models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-23T16:01:07","indexId":"sir20135075","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T15:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5075","title":"Ranking contributing areas of salt and selenium in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, using multiple linear regression models","docAbstract":"Mitigating the effects of salt and selenium on water quality in the Grand Valley and lower Gunnison River Basin in western Colorado is a major concern for land managers. Previous modeling indicated means to improve the models by including more detailed geospatial data and a more rigorous method for developing the models. After evaluating all possible combinations of geospatial variables, four multiple linear regression models resulted that could estimate irrigation-season salt yield, nonirrigation-season salt yield, irrigation-season selenium yield, and nonirrigation-season selenium yield. The adjusted r-squared and the residual standard error (in units of log-transformed yield) of the models were, respectively, 0.87 and 2.03 for the irrigation-season salt model, 0.90 and 1.25 for the nonirrigation-season salt model, 0.85 and 2.94 for the irrigation-season selenium model, and 0.93 and 1.75 for the nonirrigation-season selenium model. The four models were used to estimate yields and loads from contributing areas corresponding to 12-digit hydrologic unit codes in the lower Gunnison River Basin study area. Each of the 175 contributing areas was ranked according to its estimated mean seasonal yield of salt and selenium.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and the Colorado River Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Linard, J.I., 2013, Ranking contributing areas of salt and selenium in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, using multiple linear regression models: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5075, v, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135075.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135075.gif"},{"id":278016,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5075/pdf/SIR13-5075.pdf"},{"id":278017,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5075/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0009,37.762 ], [ -109.0009,39.5273 ], [ -107.037,39.5273 ], [ -107.037,37.762 ], [ -109.0009,37.762 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154fae4b0ec672f073ab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047159,"text":"70047159 - 2013 - Updating the planetary time scale: focus on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:22:11","indexId":"70047159","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T13:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1238,"text":"Ciencias Da Terra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updating the planetary time scale: focus on Mars","docAbstract":"Formal stratigraphic systems have been developed for the surface materials of the Moon, Mars, Mercury, and the Galilean satellite Ganymede. These systems are based on geologic mapping, which establishes relative ages of surfaces delineated by superposition, morphology, impact crater densities, and other relations and features. Referent units selected from the mapping determine time-stratigraphic bases and/or representative materials characteristic of events and periods for definition of chronologic units. Absolute ages of these units in some cases can be estimated using crater size-frequency data. For the Moon, the chronologic units and cratering record are calibrated by radiometric ages measured from samples collected from the lunar surface. Model ages for other cratered planetary surfaces are constructed primarily by estimating cratering rates relative to that of the Moon. Other cratered bodies with estimated surface ages include Venus and the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. New global geologic mapping and crater dating studies of Mars are resulting in more accurate and detailed reconstructions of its geologic history.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ciencias Da Terra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Department of Earth Sciences Lisbon University","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., and Quantin-Nataf, C., 2013, Updating the planetary time scale: focus on Mars: Ciencias Da Terra.","ipdsId":"IP-044682","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":278011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278012,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.cienciasdaterra.com/index.php/vol/article/view/278"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154fce4b0ec672f073ac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quantin-Nataf, Cathy","contributorId":26615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quantin-Nataf","given":"Cathy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048358,"text":"70048358 - 2013 - SSR_pipeline: a bioinformatic infrastructure for identifying microsatellites from paired-end Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T14:54:22","indexId":"70048358","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T12:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SSR_pipeline: a bioinformatic infrastructure for identifying microsatellites from paired-end Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing data","docAbstract":"SSR_pipeline is a flexible set of programs designed to efficiently identify simple sequence repeats (e.g., microsatellites) from paired-end high-throughput Illumina DNA sequencing data. The program suite contains 3 analysis modules along with a fourth control module that can automate analyses of large volumes of data. The modules are used to 1) identify the subset of paired-end sequences that pass Illumina quality standards, 2) align paired-end reads into a single composite DNA sequence, and 3) identify sequences that possess microsatellites (both simple and compound) conforming to user-specified parameters. The microsatellite search algorithm is extremely efficient, and we have used it to identify repeats with motifs from 2 to 25bp in length. Each of the 3 analysis modules can also be used independently to provide greater flexibility or to work with FASTQ or FASTA files generated from other sequencing platforms (Roche 454, Ion Torrent, etc.). We demonstrate use of the program with data from the brine fly Ephydra packardi (Diptera: Ephydridae) and provide empirical timing benchmarks to illustrate program performance on a common desktop computer environment. We further show that the Illumina platform is capable of identifying large numbers of microsatellites, even when using unenriched sample libraries and a very small percentage of the sequencing capacity from a single DNA sequencing run. All modules from SSR_pipeline are implemented in the Python programming language and can therefore be used from nearly any computer operating system (Linux, Macintosh, and Windows).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Heredity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jhered/est056","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Knaus, B.J., Mullins, T., and Haig, S.M., 2013, SSR_pipeline: a bioinformatic infrastructure for identifying microsatellites from paired-end Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing data: Journal of Heredity, v. 104, no. 6, p. 881-885, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est056.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"881","endPage":"885","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-046152","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278006,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est056"},{"id":278007,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jhered.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/est056?"}],"volume":"104","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154fce4b0ec672f073ac3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knaus, Brian J.","contributorId":107167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knaus","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D.","contributorId":12819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048350,"text":"70048350 - 2013 - A fluid-driven earthquake swarm on the margin of the Yellowstone caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:36:52","indexId":"70048350","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T11:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fluid-driven earthquake swarm on the margin of the Yellowstone caldera","docAbstract":"Over the past several decades, the Yellowstone caldera has experienced frequent earthquake swarms and repeated cycles of uplift and subsidence, reflecting dynamic volcanic and tectonic processes. Here, we examine the detailed spatial-temporal evolution of the 2010 Madison Plateau swarm, which occurred near the northwest boundary of the Yellowstone caldera. To fully explore the evolution of the swarm, we integrated procedures for seismic waveform-based earthquake detection with precise double-difference relative relocation. Using cross-correlation of continuous seismic data and waveform templates constructed from cataloged events, we detected and precisely located 8710 earthquakes during the three-week swarm, nearly four times the number of events included in the standard catalog. This high-resolution analysis reveals distinct migration of earthquake activity over the course of the swarm. The swarm initiated abruptly on January 17, 2010 at about 10 km depth and expanded dramatically outward (both shallower and deeper) over time, primarily along a NNW-striking, ~55º ENE-dipping structure. To explain these characteristics, we hypothesize that the swarm was triggered by the rupture of a zone of confined high-pressure aqueous fluids into a pre-existing crustal fault system, prompting release of accumulated stress. The high-pressure fluid injection may have been accommodated by hybrid shear and dilatational failure, as is commonly observed in exhumed hydrothermally affected fault zones. This process has likely occurred repeatedly in Yellowstone as aqueous fluids exsolved from magma migrate into the brittle crust, and it may be a key element in the observed cycles of caldera uplift and subsidence.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/jgrb.50362","usgsCitation":"Shelly, D.R., Hill, D.P., Massin, F., Farrell, J., Smith, R.B., and Taira, T., 2013, A fluid-driven earthquake swarm on the margin of the Yellowstone caldera: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 118, no. 9, p. 4872-4886, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50362.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"4872","endPage":"4886","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-049594","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277990,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50362"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.196747,44.199436 ], [ -111.196747,44.999767 ], [ -110.199051,44.999767 ], [ -110.199051,44.199436 ], [ -111.196747,44.199436 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154cfe4b0ec672f073aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Massin, Frederick","contributorId":27351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massin","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farrell, Jamie","contributorId":100280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Robert B.","contributorId":90824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taira, Taka'aki","contributorId":63302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taira","given":"Taka'aki","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70048355,"text":"70048355 - 2013 - Baseline monitoring of the western Arctic Ocean estimates 20% of the Canadian Basin surface waters are undersaturated with respect to aragonite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T12:36:32","indexId":"70048355","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T11:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baseline monitoring of the western Arctic Ocean estimates 20% of the Canadian Basin surface waters are undersaturated with respect to aragonite","docAbstract":"Marine surface waters are being acidified due to uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, resulting in surface ocean areas of undersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals, including aragonite. In the Arctic Ocean, acidification is expected to occur at an accelerated rate with respect to the global oceans, but a paucity of baseline data has limited our understanding of the extent of Arctic undersaturation and of regional variations in rates and causes. The lack of data has also hindered refinement of models aimed at projecting future trends of ocean acidification. Here, based on more than 34,000 data records collected in 2010 and 2011, we establish a baseline of inorganic carbon data (pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and aragonite saturation index) for the western Arctic Ocean. This data set documents aragonite undersaturation in ~20% of the surface waters of the combined Canada and Makarov basins, an area characterized by recent acceleration of sea ice loss. Conservative tracer studies using stable oxygen isotopic data from 307 sites show that while the entire surface of this area receives abundant freshwater from meteoric sources, freshwater from sea ice melt is most closely linked to the areas of carbonate mineral undersaturation. These data link the Arctic Ocean’s largest area of aragonite undersaturation to sea ice melt and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> absorption in areas of low buffering capacity. Some relatively supersaturated areas can be linked to localized biological activity. Collectively, these observations can be used to project trends of ocean acidification in higher latitude marine surface waters where inorganic carbon chemistry is largely influenced by sea ice meltwater.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLOS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0073796","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Wynn, J.G., Lisle, J.T., Yates, K.K., Knorr, P.O., Byrne, R., Liu, X., Patsavas, M.C., Azetsu-Scott, K., and Takahashi, T., 2013, Baseline monitoring of the western Arctic Ocean estimates 20% of the Canadian Basin surface waters are undersaturated with respect to aragonite: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 9, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073796.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-036765","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073796","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277996,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073796"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.9,66.5 ], [ -166.9,77.3 ], [ -105.2,77.3 ], [ -105.2,66.5 ], [ -166.9,66.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154f9e4b0ec672f073aaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wynn, Jonathan G.","contributorId":92960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly K. 0000-0001-8764-0358 kyates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","email":"kyates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knorr, Paul O. pknorr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"Paul","email":"pknorr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Byrne, Robert H.","contributorId":83260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Robert H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, Xuewu","contributorId":87676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Xuewu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Patsavas, Mark C.","contributorId":99881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patsavas","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko","contributorId":78636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Azetsu-Scott","given":"Kumiko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Takahashi, Taro","contributorId":55319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"Taro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048351,"text":"70048351 - 2013 - Regional signatures of plant response to drought and elevated temperature across a desert ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:33:16","indexId":"70048351","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T10:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional signatures of plant response to drought and elevated temperature across a desert ecosystem","docAbstract":"The performance of many desert plant species in North America may decline with the warmer and drier conditions predicted by climate change models, thereby accelerating land degradation and reducing ecosystem productivity. We paired repeat measurements of plant canopy cover with climate at multiple sites across the Chihuahuan Desert over the last century to determine which plant species and functional types may be the most sensitive to climate change. We found that the dominant perennial grass, Bouteloua eriopoda, and species richness had nonlinear responses to summer precipitation, decreasing more in dry summers than increasing with wet summers. Dominant shrub species responded differently to the seasonality of precipitation and drought, but winter precipitation best explained changes in the cover of woody vegetation in upland grasslands and may contribute to woody-plant encroachment that is widespread throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Temperature explained additional variability of changes in cover of dominant and subdominant plant species. Using a novel empirically based approach we identified ‘‘climate pivot points’’ that were indicative of shifts from increasing to decreasing plant cover over a range of climatic conditions. Reductions in cover of annual and several perennial plant species, in addition to declines in species richness below the long-term summer precipitation mean across plant communities, indicate a decrease in the productivity for all but the most drought-tolerant perennial grasses and shrubs in the Chihuahuan Desert. Overall, our regional synthesis of long-term data provides a robust foundation for forecasting future shifts in the composition and structure of plant assemblages in the largest North American warm desert.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-1586.1","usgsCitation":"Munson, S.M., Muldavin, E.H., Belnap, J., Peters, D.P., Anderson, J.P., Reiser, M.H., Gallo, K., Melgoza-Castillo, A., Herrick, J.E., and Christiansen, T.A., 2013, Regional signatures of plant response to drought and elevated temperature across a desert ecosystem: Ecology, v. 94, no. 9, p. 2030-2041, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1586.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2030","endPage":"2041","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-040978","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277991,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1586.1"}],"volume":"94","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154fbe4b0ec672f073abb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muldavin, Esteban H.","contributorId":88260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muldavin","given":"Esteban","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, Debra P.C.","contributorId":81007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, John P.","contributorId":23060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reiser, M. Hildegard","contributorId":38465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiser","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hildegard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gallo, Kirsten","contributorId":82414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Melgoza-Castillo, Alicia","contributorId":76639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melgoza-Castillo","given":"Alicia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Herrick, Jeffrey E.","contributorId":26054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrick","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12627,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Christiansen, Tim A.","contributorId":64550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048352,"text":"70048352 - 2013 - Characterizing regional soil mineral composition using spectroscopyand geostatistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-23T09:12:42","indexId":"70048352","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-23T09:07:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing regional soil mineral composition using spectroscopyand geostatistics","docAbstract":"This work aims at improving the mapping of major mineral variability at regional scale using scale-dependent spatial variability observed in remote sensing data. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and statistical methods were combined with laboratory-based mineral characterization of field samples to create maps of the distributions of clay, mica and carbonate minerals and their abundances. The Material Identification and Characterization Algorithm (MICA) was used to identify the spectrally-dominant minerals in field samples; these results were combined with ASTER data using multinomial logistic regression to map mineral distributions. X-ray diffraction (XRD)was used to quantify mineral composition in field samples.  XRD results were combined with ASTER data using multiple linear regression to map mineral abundances. We testedwhether smoothing of the ASTER data to match the scale of variability of the target sample would improve model correlations. Smoothing was donewith Fixed Rank Kriging (FRK) to represent the mediumand long-range spatial variability in the ASTER data. Stronger correlations resulted using the smoothed data compared to results obtained with the original data. Highest model accuracies came from using both medium and long-range scaled ASTER data as input to the statistical models. High correlation coefficients were obtained for the abundances of calcite and mica (R2 = 0.71 and 0.70, respectively). Moderately-high correlation coefficients were found for smectite and kaolinite (R2 = 0.57 and 0.45, respectively). Maps of mineral distributions, obtained by relating ASTER data to MICA analysis of field samples, were found to characterize major soil mineral variability (overall accuracies for mica, smectite and kaolinite were 76%, 89% and 86% respectively). The results of this study suggest that the distributions of minerals and their abundances derived using FRK-smoothed ASTER data more closely match the spatial variability of soil and environmental properties at regional scale.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.018","usgsCitation":"Mulder, V., de Bruin, S., Weyermann, J., Kokaly, R., and Schaepman, M., 2013, Characterizing regional soil mineral composition using spectroscopyand geostatistics: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 139, no. December 2013, p. 415-429, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"429","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-049662","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3422237","text":"External Repository"},{"id":277994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277992,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.018"}],"volume":"139","issue":"December 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524154fae4b0ec672f073ab3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulder, V.L.","contributorId":12764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulder","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Bruin, S.","contributorId":49693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Bruin","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weyermann, J.","contributorId":9564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyermann","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":81442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schaepman, M.E.","contributorId":66466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaepman","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048337,"text":"sir20135168 - 2013 - Recent (circa 1998 to 2011) channel-migration rates of selected streams in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-20T14:31:03","indexId":"sir20135168","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-20T14:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5168","title":"Recent (circa 1998 to 2011) channel-migration rates of selected streams in Indiana","docAbstract":"An investigation was completed to document recent (circa 1998 to 2011) channel-migration rates at 970 meander bends along 38 of the largest streams in Indiana. Data collection was completed by using the Google Earth™ platform and, for each selected site, identifying two images with capture dates separated by multiple years. Within each image, the position of the meander-bend cutbank was measured relative to a fixed local landscape feature visible in both images, and an average channel-migration rate was calculated at the point of maximum cutbank displacement. From these data it was determined that 65 percent of the measured sites have recently been migrating at a rate less than 1 ft/yr, 75 percent of the sites have been migrating at a rate less than 10 ft/yr, and while some sites are migrating in excess of 20 ft/yr, these occurrences are rare. In addition, it is shown that recent channel-migration activity is not evenly distributed across Indiana. For the stream reaches studied, far northern and much of far southern Indiana are drained by streams that recently have been relatively stationary. At the same time, this study shows that most of the largest streams in west-central Indiana and many of the largest streams in east-central Indiana have shown significant channel-migration activity during the recent past. It is anticipated that these results will support several fluvial-erosion-hazard mitigation activities currently being undertaken in Indiana.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Robinson, B.A., 2013, Recent (circa 1998 to 2011) channel-migration rates of selected streams in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5168, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135168.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135168.gif"},{"id":277980,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5168/"},{"id":277981,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5168/pdf/sir2013-5168.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"1983 Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0997,37.7717 ], [ -88.0997,41.7614 ], [ -84.7846,41.7614 ], [ -84.7846,37.7717 ], [ -88.0997,37.7717 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6bade4b097188d6c769e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048320,"text":"sir20135163 - 2013 - Quality of groundwater and surface water, Wood River Valley, south-central Idaho, July and August 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-20T11:36:50","indexId":"sir20135163","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-20T11:18:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5163","title":"Quality of groundwater and surface water, Wood River Valley, south-central Idaho, July and August 2012","docAbstract":"<p>Residents and resource managers of the Wood River Valley of south-central Idaho are concerned about the effects that population growth might have on the quality of groundwater and surface water. As part of a multi-phase assessment of the groundwater resources in the study area, the U.S. Geological Survey evaluated the quality of water at 45 groundwater and 5 surface-water sites throughout the Wood River Valley during July and August 2012. Water samples were analyzed for field parameters (temperature, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and alkalinity), major ions, boron, iron, manganese, nutrients, and <i>Escherichia coli (E.coli)</i> and total coliform bacteria.</p>\n</br>\n<p>This study was conducted to determine baseline water quality throughout the Wood River Valley, with special emphasis on nutrient concentrations. Water quality in most samples collected did not exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standards for drinking water. E. coli bacteria, used as indicators of water quality, were detected in all five surface-water samples and in two groundwater samples collected. Some analytes have aesthetic-based recommended drinking water standards; one groundwater sample exceeded recommended iron concentrations. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations varied, but tended to be higher near population centers and in agricultural areas than in tributaries and less populated areas. These higher nitrate plus nitrite concentrations were not correlated with boron concentrations or the presence of bacteria, common indicators of sources of nutrients to water. None of the samples collected exceeded drinking-water standards for nitrate or nitrite.</p>\n</br>\n<p>The concentration of total dissolved solids varied considerably in the waters sampled; however a calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate water type was dominant (43 out of 50 samples) in both the groundwater and surface water. Three constituents that may be influenced by anthropogenic activity (chloride, boron, and nitrate plus nitrite) deviate from this pattern and show a wide distribution of concentrations in the unconfined aquifer, indicating possible anthropogenic influence.</p>\n</br>\n<p>Time-series plots of historical water-quality data indicated that nitrate does not seem to be increasing or decreasing in groundwater over time; however, time-series plots of chloride concentrations indicate that chloride may be increasing in some wells. The small amount of temporal variability in nitrate concentrations indicates a lack of major temporal changes to groundwater inputs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135163","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Blaine County, City of Hailey, City of Ketchum, The Nature Conservancy, City of Sun Valley, Sun Valley Water and Sewer District, Blaine Soil Conservation District, and the City of Bellevue","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, C.B., and Bartolino, J.R., 2013, Quality of groundwater and surface water, Wood River Valley, south-central Idaho, July and August 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5163, Report: vi, 32 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135163.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 32 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"42","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-07-01","temporalEnd":"2012-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR20135163.jpg"},{"id":277963,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5163/pdf/sir2013-5163.pdf"},{"id":277964,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5163/sir2013-5163_appendixA.xlsx"},{"id":277962,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5163/"},{"id":277965,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5163/sir2013-5163_appendixB.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Wood River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.6993,43.2487 ], [ -114.6993,43.9498 ], [ -114.0151,43.9498 ], [ -114.0151,43.2487 ], [ -114.6993,43.2487 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6bade4b097188d6c769a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Candice B. 0000-0003-3207-7267 chopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-7267","contributorId":1379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Candice","email":"chopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartolino, James R. 0000-0002-2166-7803 jrbartol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-7803","contributorId":2548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolino","given":"James","email":"jrbartol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048310,"text":"sir20135101 - 2013 - Geohydrology, geochemistry, and groundwater simulation (1992-2011) and analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, of the Langford Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:35:55","indexId":"sir20135101","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-20T08:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5101","title":"Geohydrology, geochemistry, and groundwater simulation (1992-2011) and analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, of the Langford Basin, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater withdrawals began in 1992 from the Langford Basin within the Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC), California. From April 1992 to December 2010, approximately 12,300 acre-feet of water (averaging about 650 acre-feet per year) has been withdrawn from the basin and transported to the adjacent Irwin Basin. Since withdrawals began, water levels in the basin have declined by as much as 40 feet, and the quality of the groundwater withdrawn from the basin has deteriorated. The U.S. Geological Survey collected geohydrologic data from Langford Basin during 1992–2011 to determine the quantity and quality of groundwater available in the basin. Geophysical surveys, including gravity, seismic refraction, and time-domain electromagnetic induction surveys, were conducted to determine the depth and shape of the basin, to delineate depths to the Quaternary-Tertiary interface, and to map the depth to the water table and changes in water quality. Data were collected from existing wells and test holes, as well as 11 monitor wells that were installed at 5 sites as part of this study. Water-quality samples collected from wells in the basin were used to determine the groundwater chemistry within the basin and to delineate potential sources of poor-quality groundwater. Analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in groundwater indicates that present-day precipitation is not a major source of recharge to the basin. Tritium and carbon-14 data indicate that most of the basin was recharged prior to 1952, and the groundwater in the basin has an apparent age of 12,500 to 30,000 years. Recharge to the basin, estimated to be less than 50 acre-feet per year, has not been sufficient to replenish the water that is being withdrawn from the basin. A numerical groundwater-flow model was developed for the Langford Basin to better understand the aquifer system used by the Fort Irwin NTC as part of its water supply, and to provide a tool to help manage groundwater resources at the NTC. Measured groundwater-level declines since the initiation of withdrawals (1992–2011) were used to calibrate the groundwater-flow model. The simulated recharge was about 46 acre-feet per year, including approximately 6 acre-feet per year of natural recharge derived from precipitation runoff and as much as 40 acre-feet per year of underflow from the Irwin Basin. Between April 1992 and December 2010, an average of about 650 acre-feet per year of water was withdrawn from the Langford Basin. Groundwater withdrawals in excess of natural recharge resulted in a net loss of 11,670 acre-feet of groundwater storage within the basin for the simulation period. The Fort Irwin NTC is considering various groundwater-management options to address the limited water resources in the Langford Basin. The calibrated Langford Basin groundwater-flow model was used to evaluate the hydrologic effects of four groundwater-withdrawal scenarios being considered by the Fort Irwin NTC over the next 50 years (January 2011 through December 2060). Continuation of the 2010 withdrawal rate in the three existing production wells will result in 70 feet of additional drawdown in the central part of the basin. Redistributing the 2010 withdrawal rate equally to the three existing wells and two proposed new wells in the northern and southern parts of the basin would result in about 10 feet less drawdown in the central part of the basin but about 100 feet of additional drawdown in the new well in the northern part of the basin and about 50 feet of additional drawdown in the new well in the southern part of the basin. Reducing the withdrawals from the three existing production wells in the central part of the basin from about 45,000 acre-feet to about 32,720 acre-feet would result in about 40 feet of additional drawdown in the central basin near the pumping wells, about 25 feet less than if withdrawals were not reduced. The combination of reducing and redistributing the cumulative withdrawals to the three existing and two proposed new wells results in about 40 feet of additional drawdown in the central and southern parts of the basin and about 70 feet in the northern part of the basin. These results show that reducing and redistributing the groundwater withdrawals would maintain the upper aquifer at greater than 50 percent of its predevelopment saturated thickness throughout the groundwater basin. The scenarios simulated for this study demonstrate how the calibrated model can be utilized to evaluate the hydrologic effects of different water-management strategies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135101","usgsCitation":"Voronin, L.M., Densmore, J., Martin, P., Brush, C.F., Carlson, C.S., and Miller, D., 2013, Geohydrology, geochemistry, and groundwater simulation (1992-2011) and analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, of the Langford Basin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5101, x, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135101.","productDescription":"x, 86 p.","numberOfPages":"100","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135101.jpg"},{"id":277946,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5101/"},{"id":277947,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5101/pdf/sir2013-5101.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Fort Irwin National Training Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -11.118611111111111,34.5 ], [ -11.118611111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,34.5 ], [ -11.118611111111111,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6b91e4b097188d6c7692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voronin, Lois M. 0000-0002-1064-1675 lvoronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-1675","contributorId":1475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronin","given":"Lois","email":"lvoronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":89179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brush, Charles F.","contributorId":93140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brush","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, Carl S. 0000-0001-7142-3519 cscarlso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3519","contributorId":1694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Carl","email":"cscarlso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70048292,"text":"sir20135153 - 2013 - Suspended-sediment loads and reservoir sediment trap efficiency for Clinton Lake, Kansas, 2010-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:35:14","indexId":"sir20135153","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-19T14:11:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5153","title":"Suspended-sediment loads and reservoir sediment trap efficiency for Clinton Lake, Kansas, 2010-12","docAbstract":"Continuous streamflow and turbidity data collected from October 1, 2010, to September 30, 2012, at a site upstream and downstream from Clinton Lake, Kansas, were used to compute the total suspended-sediment load delivered to and released from the reservoir as well as the sediment trap efficiency for the reservoir. Ongoing sedimentation is inhibiting the ability of Clinton Lake to serve several purposes including flood control, water supply, and recreation. The inflow suspended-sediment load was substantially larger than the outflow load and most of the suspended-sediment load was delivered during short-term, high-discharge periods. Respectively, the total 2-year inflow and outflow suspended-sediment loads were computed to be 44.4 and 1.49 million pounds. Sediment trap efficiency for the reservoir was estimated to be 97 percent. The mean annual suspended-sediment yield from the upstream basin was estimated to be 60,500 pounds per square mile. Because this study was completed during a drought, the estimated inflow suspended-sediment load and suspended-sediment yield likely are substantially less than what would occur during a period of average or above average precipitation and runoff.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135153","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 2013, Suspended-sediment loads and reservoir sediment trap efficiency for Clinton Lake, Kansas, 2010-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5153, v, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135153.","productDescription":"v, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044091","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135153.gif"},{"id":277932,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5153/pdf/sir13-5153.pdf"},{"id":277931,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5153/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Clinton Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.63,38.86 ], [ -95.63,39.04 ], [ -95.26,39.04 ], [ -95.26,38.86 ], [ -95.63,38.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c0efee4b024b60d40726a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048277,"text":"ofr20131166 - 2013 - Report of geomagnetic pulsation indices for space weather applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-19T12:01:23","indexId":"ofr20131166","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-19T11:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1166","title":"Report of geomagnetic pulsation indices for space weather applications","docAbstract":"The phenomenon of ultra-low frequency geomagnetic pulsations was first observed in the ground-based measurements of the 1859 Carrington Event and has been studied for over 100 years. Pulsation frequency is considered to be “ultra” low when it is lower than the natural frequencies of the plasma, such as the ion gyrofrequency. Ultra-low frequency pulsations are considered a source of noise in some geophysical analysis techniques, such as aeromagnetic surveys and transient electromagnetics, so it is critical to develop near real-time space weather products to monitor these geomagnetic pulsations. The proper spectral analysis of magnetometer data, such as using wavelet analysis techniques, can also be important to Geomagnetically Induced Current risk assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131166","usgsCitation":"Xu, Z., Gannon, J.L., and Rigler, E., 2013, Report of geomagnetic pulsation indices for space weather applications: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1166, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131166.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131166.jpg"},{"id":277864,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1166/pdf/OF13-1166.pdf"},{"id":277863,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1166/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c0efde4b024b60d407262","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Z.","contributorId":99760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannon, Jennifer L.","contributorId":40882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rigler, Erin J.","contributorId":75054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"Erin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048262,"text":"ofr20131224 - 2013 - Bedrock geology and outcrop fracture trends in the vicinity of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-19T09:17:51","indexId":"ofr20131224","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-19T09:04:27","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1224","title":"Bedrock geology and outcrop fracture trends in the vicinity of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The Savage Municipal Well Superfund site consists of an eastward-directed plume of volatile organic compounds, principally tetrachloroethylene (PCE), in alluvium and glacial sand and gravel in the Souhegan River valley, just south of the river and about 4 kilometers west of the town of Milford, New Hampshire. Sampling of monitoring wells at the site has helped delineate the extent of the plume and has determined that some contaminant has migrated into the underlying crystalline bedrock, including bedrock north of the river within 200 meters of a nearby residential development that was constructed in 1999. Borehole geophysical logging has identified a northeast preferential trend for bedrock fractures, which may provide a pathway for the migration of contaminant under and north of the Souhegan River. The current study investigates the bedrock geologic setting for the site, including its position relative to known regional geologic structures, and compiles new strike and dip measurements of joints in exposed bedrock to determine if there are dominant trends in orientation similar to what was found in the boreholes. The site is located on the northwestern limb of a northeast-trending regional anticlinorium that is southeast of the Campbell Hill fault zone. The Campbell Hill fault zone defines the contact between granite and gneiss of the anticlinorium and granite and schist to the northwest and is locally marked by lenses of massive vein quartz, minor faults, and fracture zones that could potentially affect plume migration. The fault zone was apparently not intercepted by any of the boreholes that were drilled to delineate the contaminant plume and therefore passes to the north of the northernmost borehole in the vicinity of the new residential area. Joints measured in surface exposures indicate a strong preferred direction of strike to the north-northeast corroborating the borehole data and previous outcrop and geophysical studies. The north-northeast preferred direction matches the direction of elongation of the cone of depression formed during a pump test of the bedrock wells and could explain a potential pathway for the migration of contaminant north of the river.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1 and the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Burton, W.C., and Harte, P.T., 2013, Bedrock geology and outcrop fracture trends in the vicinity of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1224, iii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131224.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131224.gif"},{"id":277839,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1224/"},{"id":277840,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1224/pdf/ofr2013-1224.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","city":"Milford","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.75,42.8 ], [ -71.75,42.875 ], [ -71.625,42.875 ], [ -71.625,42.8 ], [ -71.75,42.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c0ed2e4b024b60d407256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, William C. 0000-0001-7519-5787 bburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-5787","contributorId":1293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"William","email":"bburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048261,"text":"ofr20131240 - 2013 - Biological and geochemical data of gravity cores from Mobile Bay, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T18:12:26.338503","indexId":"ofr20131240","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-19T08:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1240","title":"Biological and geochemical data of gravity cores from Mobile Bay, Alabama","docAbstract":"A study was conducted to understand the marine-influenced environments of Mobile Bay, Alabama, by collecting a series of box cores and gravity cores. One gravity core in particular demonstrates a long reference for changing paleoenvironmental parameters in Mobile Bay. Due to lack of abundance of foraminifers and (or) lack of diversity, the benthic foraminiferal data for two of the three gravity cores are not included in the results. The benthic foraminiferal data collected and geochemical analyses in this study provide a baseline for recent changes in the bay.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131240","usgsCitation":"Richwine, K.A., Marot, M., Smith, C.G., Osterman, L.E., and Adams, C., 2013, Biological and geochemical data of gravity cores from Mobile Bay, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1240, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131240.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1240/"},{"id":277836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1240/pdf/ofr2013-1240.pdf"},{"id":277838,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131240.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.109396,30.26461 ], [ -88.109396,30.673552 ], [ -87.91553,30.673552 ], [ -87.91553,30.26461 ], [ -88.109396,30.26461 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c0efbe4b024b60d40725a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richwine, Kathryn A. krichwine@usgs.gov","contributorId":5004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richwine","given":"Kathryn","email":"krichwine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marot, Marci","contributorId":91150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marot","given":"Marci","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cgsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":3410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osterman, Lisa E. osterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterman","given":"Lisa","email":"osterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, C. Scott","contributorId":55326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"C. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048247,"text":"fs20133051 - 2013 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:04:57","indexId":"fs20133051","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T14:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3051","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Minnesota","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Minnesota, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, coastal zone management, and other business uses. Today, high-quality light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the sources for creating elevation models and other elevation datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data, on a national basis, that are (on average) 30 years old and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data. 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,{"id":70048245,"text":"ofr20131160 - 2013 - Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-07T17:05:29","indexId":"ofr20131160","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T13:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1160","subseriesTitle":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","title":"Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management","docAbstract":"This report presents a science strategy for the third decade of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, which since 1991, has been responsible for providing nationally consistent information on the quality of the Nation's streams and groundwater; how water quality is changing over time; and the major natural and human factors that affect current water quality conditions and trends. The strategy is based on an extensive evaluation of the accomplishments of NAWQA over its first two decades, the current status of water-quality monitoring activities by USGS and its partners, and an updated analysis of stakeholder priorities. The plan is designed to address priority issues and national needs identified by NAWQA stakeholders and the National Research Council (2012) irrespective of budget constraints. This plan describes four major goals for the third decade (Cycle 3), the approaches for monitoring, modeling, and scientific studies, key partnerships required to achieve these goals, and products and outcomes that will result from planned assessment activities. The science plan for 2013–2023 is a comprehensive approach to meet stakeholder priorities for: (1) rebuilding NAWQA monitoring networks for streams, rivers, and groundwater, and (2) upgrading models used to extrapolate and forecast changes in water-quality and stream ecosystem condition in response to changing climate and land use. The Cycle 3 plan continues approaches that have been central to the Program’s long-term success, but adjusts monitoring intensities and study designs to address critical information needs and identified data gaps. Restoration of diminished monitoring networks and new directions in modeling and interpretative studies address growing and evolving public and stakeholder needs for water-quality information and improved management, particularly in the face of increasing challenges related to population growth, increasing demands for water, and changing land use and climate. However, a combination of funding growth and extensive collaboration with other USGS programs and other Federal, State, and local agencies, public interest groups, professional and trade associations, academia, and private industry will be needed to fully realize the monitoring and modeling goals laid out in this plan (USGS Fact Sheet 2013-3008).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131160","usgsCitation":"Rowe, G.L., Belitz, K., Demas, C.R., Essaid, H.I., Gilliom, R.J., Hamilton, P.A., Hoos, A.B., Lee, C., Munn, M.D., and Wolock, D.W., 2013, Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1160, xiv, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131160.","productDescription":"xiv, 110 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131160.gif"},{"id":277820,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1160/"},{"id":277821,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1160/pdf/OF13-1160.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd72e4b08cabd166cae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Gary L. glrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Gary","email":"glrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demas, Charlie R.","contributorId":11929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"Charlie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hamilton, Pixie A. pahamilt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Pixie","email":"pahamilt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. abhoos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"abhoos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, Casey J. 0000-0002-5753-2038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5753-2038","contributorId":31062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Casey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Munn, Mark D. 0000-0002-7154-7252 mdmunn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7252","contributorId":976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"Mark","email":"mdmunn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wolock, David W.","contributorId":64357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048233,"text":"70048233 - 2013 - Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T14:48:52","indexId":"70048233","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T10:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change","docAbstract":"Forecasts of species distributions under future climates are inherently uncertain, but there have been few attempts to describe this uncertainty comprehensively in a probabilistic manner. We developed a Monte Carlo approach that accounts for uncertainty within generalized linear regression models (parameter uncertainty and residual error), uncertainty among competing models (model uncertainty), and uncertainty in future climate conditions (climate uncertainty) to produce site-specific frequency distributions of occurrence probabilities across a species’ range. We illustrated the method by forecasting suitable habitat for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Interior Columbia River Basin, USA, under recent and projected 2040s and 2080s climate conditions. The 95% interval of total suitable habitat under recent conditions was estimated at 30.1–42.5 thousand km; this was predicted to decline to 0.5–7.9 thousand km by the 2080s. Projections for the 2080s showed that the great majority of stream segments would be unsuitable with high certainty, regardless of the climate data set or bull trout model employed. The largest contributor to uncertainty in total suitable habitat was climate uncertainty, followed by parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty. Our approach makes it possible to calculate a full distribution of possible outcomes for a species, and permits ready graphical display of uncertainty for individual locations and of total habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons Ltd","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12294","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S.J., Som, N.A., Dauwalter, D.C., Isaak, D.J., Neville, H.M., Luce, C.H., Dunham, J., Young, M.K., Fausch, K., and Rieman, B.E., 2013, Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 11, p. 3343-3354, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12294.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3343","endPage":"3354","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-048847","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277801,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12294"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana","otherGeospatial":"Interior Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.53,41.86 ], [ -117.53,49.0 ], [ -110.19,49.0 ], [ -110.19,41.86 ], [ -117.53,41.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd77e4b08cabd166cb04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, Seth J.","contributorId":64786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Som, Nicholas A.","contributorId":36039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Som","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dauwalter, Daniel C.","contributorId":69879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dauwalter","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isaak, Daniel J.","contributorId":57202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaak","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":21273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luce, Charles H.","contributorId":65980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, Michael K.","contributorId":34253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fausch, Kurt D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":29370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"Kurt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rieman, Bruce E.","contributorId":107420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048192,"text":"70048192 - 2013 - LANDFIRE 2010 - updated data to support wildfire and ecological management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-18T10:32:17","indexId":"70048192","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T10:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1440,"text":"Earthzine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"LANDFIRE 2010 - updated data to support wildfire and ecological management","docAbstract":"<p>Wildfire is a global phenomenon that affects human populations and ecosystems. Wildfire effects occur at local to global scales impacting many people in different ways (Figure 1). Ecological concerns due to land use, fragmentation, and climate change impact natural resource use, allocation, and conservation. Access to consistent and current environmental data is a constant challenge, yet necessary for understanding the complexities of wildfire and ecological management. Data products and tools from the LANDFIRE Program help decision-makers to clarify problems and identify possible solutions when managing fires and natural resources. LANDFIRE supports the reduction of risk from wildfire to human lives and property, monitoring of fire danger, prediction of fire behavior on active incidents, and assessment of fire severity and impacts on natural systems [1] [2] [3]. LANDFIRE products are unique in that they are nationally consistent and provide the only complete geospatial dataset describing vegetation and wildland fuel information for the entire U.S. As such, LANDFIRE data are useful for many ecological applications [3]. For example, LANDFIRE data were recently integrated into a decision-support system for resource management and conservation decision-making along the Appalachian Trail.</p>\n</br>\n<p>LANDFIRE is a joint effort between the U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Wildland Fire, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Fire & Aviation Management, and The Nature Conservancy. To date, seven versions of LANDFIRE data have been released, with each successive version improving the quality of the data, adding additional features, and/or updating the time period represented by the data. The latest version, LANDFIRE 2010 (LF 2010), released mid-2013, represents circa 2010 landscape conditions and succeeds LANDFIRE 2008 (LF 2008), which represented circa 2008 landscape conditions. LF 2010 used many of the same processes developed for the LF 2008 effort [3].</p>\n</br>\n<p>Ongoing refinement of the LANDFIRE vegetation and fuel data is necessary to improve the quality and usability of the data and to capture landscape disturbance. LANDFIRE relies on Landsat multi-spectral imagery to produce and update vegetation and fuel data. The deep Landsat archive provides data needed for vegetation classification, change analysis, and historical disturbance characterization, for which LANDFIRE has used more than 24,000 image scenes since the program’s inception. In addition, LF 2010 used airborne and spaceborne lidar, and spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to map vegetation structure in areas where ground-based field information was lacking, including Alaska and U.S.-affiliated islands in the Caribbean and the Pacific. The mapping of insular areas is new for the 2010 data release; previous versions of LANDFIRE were limited to the conterminous U.S., Alaska, and Hawaii.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthzine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K., Connot, J.A., Peterson, B.E., and Picotte, J.J., 2013, LANDFIRE 2010 - updated data to support wildfire and ecological management: Earthzine, no. September 2013.","ipdsId":"IP-050235","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277580,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.earthzine.org/2013/09/15/landfire-2010-updated-data-to-support-wildfire-and-ecological-management/"},{"id":277800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","issue":"September 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd74e4b08cabd166caf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis J. 0000-0003-4911-4511","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":105629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connot, Joel A. 0000-0002-2556-3374 jconnot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-3374","contributorId":4436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connot","given":"Joel","email":"jconnot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Birgit E. 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":3599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Picotte, Joshua J. 0000-0002-4021-4623 jpicotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-4623","contributorId":4626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picotte","given":"Joshua","email":"jpicotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048154,"text":"ofr20131227 - 2013 - Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Lackawanna and Wayne Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T17:42:19","indexId":"ofr20131227","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1227","title":"Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Lackawanna and Wayne Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","docAbstract":"<p>Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing unconventional hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, have led to an intense effort to find and extract natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is currently undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in this area of Pennsylvania. Conventional natural gas wells, which sometimes use the same technique, are commonly located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and are frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Lackawanna County and Wayne County in Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is also used to quantify these changes and is included in this publication.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131227","usgsCitation":"Milheim, L., Slonecker, E., Roig-Silva, C., and Malizia, A., 2013, Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Lackawanna and Wayne Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1227, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131227.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131227.PNG"},{"id":277686,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70048153,"text":"ofr20131226 - 2013 - Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Beaver and Butler Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T17:44:44","indexId":"ofr20131226","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1226","title":"Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Beaver and Butler Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","docAbstract":"<p>Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing unconventional hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, have led to an intense effort to find and extract natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is currently undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in this area of Pennsylvania. Conventional natural gas wells, which sometimes use the same technique, are commonly located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and are frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Beaver County and Butler County in Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is also used to quantify these changes and is included in this publication.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131226","usgsCitation":"Roig-Silva, C., Slonecker, E.T., Milheim, L., and Malizia, A.R., 2013, Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Beaver and Butler Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1226, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131226.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131226.gif"},{"id":277528,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Terry","contributorId":30901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milheim, Lesley E.","contributorId":100951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milheim","given":"Lesley E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malizia, Alexander R.","contributorId":83018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malizia","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048227,"text":"70048227 - 2013 - Estimating the extent of impervious surfaces and turf grass across large regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T15:41:00","indexId":"70048227","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:46:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the extent of impervious surfaces and turf grass across large regions","docAbstract":"The ability of researchers to accurately assess the extent of impervious and pervious developed surfaces, e.g., turf grass, using land-cover data derived from Landsat satellite imagery in the Chesapeake Bay watershed is limited due to the resolution of the data and systematic discrepancies between developed land-cover classes, surface mines, forests, and farmlands. Estimates of impervious surface and turf grass area in the Mid-Atlantic, United States that were based on 2006 Landsat-derived land-cover data were substantially lower than estimates based on more authoritative and independent sources. New estimates of impervious surfaces and turf grass area derived using land-cover data combined with ancillary information on roads, housing units, surface mines, and sampled estimates of road width and residential impervious area were up to 57 and 45% higher than estimates based strictly on land-cover data. These new estimates closely approximate estimates derived from authoritative and independent sources in developed counties.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12110","usgsCitation":"Claggett, P.R., Irani, F., and Thompson, R., 2013, Estimating the extent of impervious surfaces and turf grass across large regions: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 49, no. 5, p. 1057-1077, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12110.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1077","numberOfPages":"21","ipdsId":"IP-036883","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277633,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12110"},{"id":277634,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jawr.12110/full"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware;Maryl;New York;Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.7717,37.3178 ], [ -79.7717,42.6582 ], [ -75.1904,42.6582 ], [ -75.1904,37.3178 ], [ -79.7717,37.3178 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bd2e4b04b9308ae4e1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claggett, Peter R. 0000-0002-5335-2857 pclaggett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2857","contributorId":176287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claggett","given":"Peter","email":"pclaggett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irani, Frederick M. firani@usgs.gov","contributorId":2932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irani","given":"Frederick M.","email":"firani@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Renee L. rthompson1@usgs.gov","contributorId":2933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Renee L.","email":"rthompson1@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125481,"text":"70125481 - 2013 - Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T14:38:58","indexId":"70125481","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2979,"text":"PLoS Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity","docAbstract":"Comparative research on food web structure has revealed generalities in trophic organization, produced simple models, and allowed assessment of robustness to species loss. These studies have mostly focused on free-living species. Recent research has suggested that inclusion of parasites alters structure. We assess whether such changes in network structure result from unique roles and traits of parasites or from changes to diversity and complexity. We analyzed seven highly resolved food webs that include metazoan parasite data. Our analyses show that adding parasites usually increases link density and connectance (simple measures of complexity), particularly when including concomitant links (links from predators to parasites of their prey). However, we clarify prior claims that parasites ‘‘dominate’’ food web links. Although parasites can be involved in a majority of links, in most cases classic predation links outnumber classic parasitism links. Regarding network structure, observed changes in degree distributions, 14 commonly studied metrics, and link probabilities are consistent with scale-dependent changes in structure associated with changes in diversity and complexity. Parasite and free-living species thus have similar effects on these aspects of structure. However, two changes point to unique roles of parasites. First, adding parasites and concomitant links strongly alters the frequency of most motifs of interactions among three taxa, reflecting parasites’ roles as resources for predators of their hosts, driven by trophic intimacy with their hosts. Second, compared to free-living consumers, many parasites’ feeding niches appear broader and less contiguous, which may reflect complex life cycles and small body sizes. This study provides new insights about generic versus unique impacts of parasites on food web structure, extends the generality of food web theory, gives a more rigorous framework for assessing the impact of any species on trophic organization, identifies limitations of current food web models, and provides direction for future structural and dynamical models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLoS Biology","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579","usgsCitation":"Dunne, J.A., Lafferty, K.D., Dobson, A.P., Hechinger, R., Kuris, A.M., Martinez, N.D., McLaughlin, J.P., Mouritsen, K.N., Poulin, R., Reise, K., Stouffer, D.B., Thieltges, D.W., Williams, R.J., and Zander, C.D., 2013, Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity: PLoS Biology, v. 11, no. 6, e1001579; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579.","productDescription":"e1001579; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-043169","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294016,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a2e4b01571b3d51cf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunne, Jennifer A.","contributorId":28538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hechinger, Ryan F.","contributorId":73730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hechinger","given":"Ryan F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martinez, Neo D.","contributorId":86270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Neo","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McLaughlin, John P.","contributorId":17153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mouritsen, Kim N.","contributorId":59360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mouritsen","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Poulin, Robert","contributorId":106813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulin","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Reise, Karsten","contributorId":62527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reise","given":"Karsten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stouffer, Daniel B.","contributorId":67423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stouffer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Thieltges, David W.","contributorId":56163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieltges","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, Richard J.","contributorId":34443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Zander, Claus Dieter","contributorId":45638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zander","given":"Claus","email":"","middleInitial":"Dieter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70048230,"text":"sir20135122 - 2013 - Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:43:50","indexId":"sir20135122","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5122","title":"Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona","docAbstract":"Preliminary numerical models were developed to simulate groundwater flow in the basin-fill alluvium in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys in northwestern Arizona. The purpose of this exercise was to gather and evaluate available information and data, to test natural‑recharge concepts, and to indicate directions for improving future regional groundwater models of the study area. Both steady-state and transient models were developed with a single layer incorporating vertically averaged hydraulic properties over the model layer. Boundary conditions for the models were constant-head cells along the northern and western edges of the study area, corresponding to the location of the Colorado River, and no-flow boundaries along the bedrock ridges that bound the rest of the study area, except for specified flow where Truxton Wash enters the southern end of Hualapai Valley. Steady-state conditions were simulated for the pre-1935 period, before the construction of Hoover Dam in the northwestern part of the model area. Two recharge scenarios were investigated using the steady-state model—one in which natural aquifer recharge occurs directly in places where water is available from precipitation, and another in which natural aquifer recharge from precipitation occurs in the basin-fill alluvium that drains areas of available water. A transient model with 31 stress periods was constructed to simulate groundwater flow for the period 1935–2010. The transient model incorporates changing Colorado River, Lake Mead, and Lake Mohave water levels and includes time-varying groundwater withdrawals and aquifer recharge. Both the steady-state and transient models were calibrated to available water-level observations in basin-fill alluvium, and simulations approximate observed water-level trends throughout most of the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources and Mohave County, Arizona","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F., Garner, B.D., and Truini, M., 2013, Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5122, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135122.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135122.PNG"},{"id":277659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5122/"},{"id":277660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5122/pdf/sir2013-5122.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Mohave County","otherGeospatial":"Detrital Valley;Hualapai Valley;Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.7556,34.3097 ], [ -114.7556,36.2247 ], [ -112.7119,36.2247 ], [ -112.7119,34.3097 ], [ -114.7556,34.3097 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bf9e4b04b9308ae4e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Bradley D. 0000-0002-6912-5093 bdgarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-5093","contributorId":2133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"Bradley","email":"bdgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125372,"text":"70125372 - 2013 - Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T14:16:00","indexId":"70125372","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals","docAbstract":"A primary objective of road ecology is to understand and predict how roads affect connectivity of wildlife populations. Road avoidance behavior can fragment populations, whereas lack of road avoidance can result in high mortality due to wildlife-vehicle collisions. Many small animal species focus their activities to particular microhabitats within their larger habitat. We sought to assess how different types of roads affect the movement of small vertebrates and to explore whether responses to roads may be predictable on the basis of animal life history or microhabitat preferences preferences. We tracked the movements of fluorescently marked animals at 24 sites distributed among 3 road types: low-use dirt, low-use secondary paved, and rural 2-lane highway. Most data we collected were on the San Diego pocket mouse (<i>Chaetodipus fallax</i>), cactus mouse (<i>Peromyscus eremicus</i>), western fence lizard (<i>Sceloporus occidentalis</i>), orange-throated whiptail (<i>Aspidoscelis hyperythra</i>), Dulzura kangaroo rat (<i>Dipodomys simulans</i>) (dirt, secondary paved), and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) (highway only). San Diego pocket mice and cactus mice moved onto dirt roads but not onto a low-use paved road of similar width or onto the highway, indicating they avoidpaved road substrate. Both lizard species moved onto the dirt and secondary paved roads but avoided the rural 2-lane rural highway, indicating they may avoid noise, vibration, or visual disturbance from a steady flow of traffic. Kangaroo rats did not avoid the dirt or secondary paved roads. Overall, dirt and secondary roads were more permeable to species that prefer to forage or bask in open areas of their habitat, rather than under the cover of rocks or shrubs. However, all study species avoided the rural 2-lane highway. Our results suggest that microhabitat use preferences and road substrate help predict species responses to low-use roads,but roads with heavy traffic may deter movement of a much wider range of small animal species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12081","usgsCitation":"Brehme, C.S., Tracey, J.A., McClenaghan, L., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 710-720, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12081.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"710","endPage":"720","ipdsId":"IP-042056","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293964,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12081"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5959,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a4e4b01571b3d51d0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brehme, Cheryl S. 0000-0001-8904-3354 cbrehme@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-3354","contributorId":3419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"Cheryl","email":"cbrehme@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tracey, Jeff A. 0000-0002-1619-1054 jatracey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-1054","contributorId":5780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracey","given":"Jeff","email":"jatracey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClenaghan, Leroy R.","contributorId":49281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClenaghan","given":"Leroy R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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