Background: Surface waters are the lowest points in the landscape, and therefore serve as excellent integrators and indicators of changes taking place in the surrounding terrestrial and atmospheric environment.
Aims: Here we synthesise the findings of limnological studies conducted during the past 15 years in streams and lakes in the Green Lakes Valley, which is part of the Niwot Ridge Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) Site.
Methods: The importance of these studies is discussed in the context of aquatic ecosystems as indicators, integrators, and regulators of environmental change. Specifically, investigations into climatic, hydrologic, and nutrient controls on present-day phytoplankton, and historical diatom, community composition in the alpine lake, Green Lake 4, are reviewed. In addition, studies of spatial and temporal patterns in dissolved organic matter (DOM) biogeochemistry and reactive transport modelling that have taken place in the Green Lakes Valley are highlighted.
Results and conclusions: The findings of these studies identify specific shifts in algal community composition and DOM biogeochemistry that are indicative of changing environmental conditions and provide a framework for detecting future environmental change in the Green Lakes Valley and in other alpine watersheds. Moreover, the studies summarised here demonstrate the importance of long-term monitoring programmes such as the LTER programme.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/17550874.2012.738255","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., and McKnight, D.M., 2015, Limnology of the Green Lakes Valley: Phytoplankton ecology and dissolved organic matter biogeochemistry at a long-term ecological research site: Plant Ecology and Diversity, v. 8, no. 5-6, p. 689-702, https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2012.738255.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"702","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031288","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Boulder","otherGeospatial":"Green Lakes Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.301758,39.964069 ], [ -105.301758,40.094551 ], [ -105.178197,40.094551 ], [ -105.178197,39.964069 ], [ -105.301758,39.964069 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c4618fe4b0e44331d07170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155824,"text":"70155824 - 2015 - Climate-induced changes in lake ecosystem structure inferred from coupled neo- and paleoecological approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-11T14:41:34","indexId":"70155824","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced changes in lake ecosystem structure inferred from coupled neo- and paleoecological approaches","docAbstract":"Over the 20th century, surface water temperatures have increased in many lake ecosystems around the world, but long-term trends in the vertical thermal structure of lakes remain unclear, despite the strong control that thermal stratification exerts on the biological response of lakes to climate change. Here we used both neo- and paleoecological approaches to develop a fossil-based inference model for lake mixing depths and thereby refine understanding of lake thermal structure change. We focused on three common planktonic diatom taxa, the distributions of which previous research suggests might be affected by mixing depth. Comparative lake surveys and growth rate experiments revealed that these species respond to lake thermal structure when nitrogen is sufficient, with species optima ranging from shallower to deeper mixing depths. The diatom-based mixing depth model was applied to sedimentary diatom profiles extending back to 1750 AD in two lakes with moderate nitrate concentrations but differing climate settings. Thermal reconstructions were consistent with expected changes, with shallower mixing depths inferred for an alpine lake where treeline has advanced, and deeper mixing depths inferred for a boreal lake where wind strength has increased. The inference model developed here provides a new tool to expand and refine understanding of climate-induced changes in lake ecosystems.
Evidence suggests that a crypto-explosive hypothesis and a meteorite impact hypothesis may be partly correct in explaining several anomalous geological features in the middle of the United States. We used a primary geographic information science (GIScience) technique of creating a digital elevation model (DEM) of two of these features that occur in Missouri. The DEMs were derived from airborne light detection and ranging, or LiDAR. Using these DEMs, we characterized the Crooked Creek structure in southern Crawford County and the Weaubleau structure in southeastern St. Clair County, Missouri. The mensuration and study of exposed and buried impact craters implies that the craters may have intrinsic dimensions which could only be produced by collision. The results show elevations varying between 276 and 348 m for Crooked Creek and between 220 and 290 m for Weaubleau structure. These new high- resolution DEMs are accurate enough to allow for precise measurements and better interpretations of geological structures, particularly jointing in the carbonate rocks, and they show greater definition of the central uplift area in the Weaubleau structure than publicly available DEMs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for Geodetic Surveying, Geographic and Land Information Society","usgsCitation":"Finn, M.P., Krizanich, G.W., Evans, K.R., Cox, M.R., and Yamamoto, K.H., 2015, Visualizing impact structures using high-resolution LiDAR-derived DEMs: A case study of two structures in Missouri: Surveying and Land Information Science, v. 72, no. 2, p. 87-97.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033594","costCenters":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsps/salis/2012/00000072/00000002/art00005?crawler=true"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Crawford County, St. Clair County","otherGeospatial":"Crooked Creek, Weableau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.6859130859375,\n 37.79676317682161\n ],\n [\n -93.6859130859375,\n 37.98425724185128\n ],\n [\n -93.4332275390625,\n 37.98425724185128\n ],\n [\n -93.4332275390625,\n 37.79676317682161\n ],\n [\n -93.6859130859375,\n 37.79676317682161\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.09819030761717,\n 37.32430451813815\n ],\n [\n -90.09819030761717,\n 37.499920931273685\n ],\n [\n -89.83932495117188,\n 37.499920931273685\n ],\n [\n -89.83932495117188,\n 37.32430451813815\n ],\n [\n -90.09819030761717,\n 37.32430451813815\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c65fe4b0e2669b30f230","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Michael P. 0000-0003-0415-2194 mfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-2194","contributorId":2657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Michael","email":"mfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krizanich, Gary W.","contributorId":98390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krizanich","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Kevin R.","contributorId":35724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, Melissa R.","contributorId":149711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16806,"text":"Missouri State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yamamoto, Kristina H. khyamamoto@usgs.gov","contributorId":4490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamamoto","given":"Kristina","email":"khyamamoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70005721,"text":"ofr20111158 - 2015 - How to build and teach with QuakeCaster: an earthquake demonstration and exploration tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:19:50","indexId":"ofr20111158","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1158","title":"How to build and teach with QuakeCaster: an earthquake demonstration and exploration tool","docAbstract":"QuakeCaster is an interactive, hands-on teaching model that simulates earthquakes and their interactions along a plate-boundary fault. QuakeCaster contains the minimum number of physical processes needed to demonstrate most observable earthquake features. A winch to steadily reel in a line simulates the steady plate tectonic motions far from the plate boundaries. A granite slider in frictional contact with a nonskid rock-like surface simulates a fault at a plate boundary. A rubber band connecting the line to the slider simulates the elastic character of the Earth’s crust. By stacking and unstacking sliders and cranking in the winch, one can see the results of changing the shear stress and the clamping stress on a fault. By placing sliders in series with rubber bands between them, one can simulate the interaction of earthquakes along a fault, such as cascading or toggling shocks. By inserting a load scale into the line, one can measure the stress acting on the fault throughout the earthquake cycle. As observed for real earthquakes, QuakeCaster events are not periodic, time-predictable, or slip-predictable. QuakeCaster produces rare but unreliable “foreshocks.” When fault gouge builds up, the friction goes to zero and fault creep is seen without large quakes. QuakeCaster events produce very small amounts of fault gouge that strongly alter its behavior, resulting in smaller, more frequent shocks as the gouge accumulates. QuakeCaster is designed so that students or audience members can operate it and record its output. With a stopwatch and ruler one can measure and plot the timing, slip distance, and force results of simulated earthquakes. People of all ages can use the QuakeCaster model to explore hypotheses about earthquake occurrence. QuakeCaster takes several days and about $500.00 in materials to build.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111158","usgsCitation":"Linton, K., and Stein, R.S., 2015, How to build and teach with QuakeCaster: an earthquake demonstration and exploration tool (Version 1.0: September 29, 2011; Version 1.1: March 3, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1158, Report: iv, 38 p.; Videos; Audio; Transcript, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111158.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 38 p.; Videos; Audio; Transcript","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20111158.gif"},{"id":298270,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/of2011-1158_transcript.pdf","text":"Transcript","size":"100 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Transcript"},{"id":298269,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/audio","text":"Audio","description":"Audio","linkHelpText":"both full and trailer for the visually impaired"},{"id":94390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":298267,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/ofr2011-1158v1.1.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298268,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/video","text":"Videos","description":"Videos","linkHelpText":"both full (~11 minutes) and trailer (~1 minutes) each in two sizes and two formats"}],"country":"United States","edition":"Version 1.0: September 29, 2011; Version 1.1: March 3, 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629fbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linton, Kelsey","contributorId":16563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linton","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, Ross S. 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":2604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154914,"text":"70154914 - 2015 - Family Bovidae (Hollow-horned Ruminants)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T14:18:32","indexId":"70154914","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Family Bovidae (Hollow-horned Ruminants)","docAbstract":"Probably the single most eye-catching aspect of the current volume is the explosion of species recognized in the family Bovidae (Hollow-horned Ruminants). In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World listed 143 species in 50 genera of Bovidae. That list, prepared by the late Peter Grubb, was somewhat traditional and provisional, as he was engaged with his long-time colleague, Colin Groves, in a substantial revision of ungulate taxonomy. Their work, which will be published later this year, is the culmination of years of study of this important and wide-ranging family by these two venerable authorities. Colin Groves is the lead author for Bovidae in this volume of HMW, and in it we recognize all 279 species in 54 genera that are documented in his and Peter Grubb’s ground-breaking work.
At the root of this expanded number of recognized species is our changing view of the modern species concept. Like a growing number of taxonomists, Groves favors a phylogenetic species concept, which he defines as the smallest population or aggregation of populations that has fixed heritable differences from other such populations or aggregations. This is in contrast to the traditional biological species concept, which requires reproductive isolation between such populations. The difficulty in determining that reproductive isolation led to an underrepresentation of the number of species in many groups. Clearly there remain problems in determining which differences between populations are heritable, and the system used here undoubtedly will continue to be tweaked as our understanding grows. For now, this greatly expanded version of Bovidae species limits seems the best answer. One of the goals of HMW is to provide an up-to-date summary of the conservation status for every species of mammal, and this expanded species concept better enables us to explore the true conservation situation of each.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of Mammals of the World, Vol. II Hoofed Mammals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lynx Edicions","isbn":"978-84-96553-77-4","usgsCitation":"Groves, C.P., Leslie, D., Huffman, B.A., Valdez, R., Habibi, K., Weinberg, P., Burton, J., Jarman, P., and Robichaud, W., 2015, Family Bovidae (Hollow-horned Ruminants), chap. of Handbook of Mammals of the World, Vol. II Hoofed Mammals, v. 2.","ipdsId":"IP-027479","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340935,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.lynxeds.com/hmw/handbook-mammals-world-volume-2"}],"volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b5e4b0e541a03c1a6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groves, Colin P.","contributorId":145759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groves","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, Brent A.","contributorId":145760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huffman","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valdez, Raul","contributorId":86607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Raul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Habibi, Khushal","contributorId":191849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Habibi","given":"Khushal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weinberg, Paul","contributorId":191850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinberg","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burton, James","contributorId":191851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burton","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jarman, Peter","contributorId":191852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarman","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Robichaud, William","contributorId":191853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robichaud","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70143961,"text":"70143961 - 2015 - Complex Topographic Feature Ontology Patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T14:42:48","indexId":"70143961","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Complex Topographic Feature Ontology Patterns","docAbstract":"Semantic ontologies are examined as effective data models for the representation of complex topographic feature types. Complex feature types are viewed as integrated relations between basic features for a basic purpose. In the context of topographic science, such component assemblages are supported by resource systems and found on the local landscape. Ontologies are organized within six thematic modules of a domain ontology called Topography that includes within its sphere basic feature types, resource systems, and landscape types. Context is constructed not only as a spatial and temporal setting, but a setting also based on environmental processes. Types of spatial relations that exist between components include location, generative processes, and description. An example is offered in a complex feature type ‘mine.’ The identification and extraction of complex feature types are an area for future research.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceeding of ASPRS/CaGIS 2010 Fall Specialty Conference","conferenceTitle":"ASPRS/CaGIS 2010 Fall Specialty Conference","conferenceDate":"November 15-19, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, Florida","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., and Jerris, T.J., 2015, Complex Topographic Feature Ontology Patterns, in Proceeding of ASPRS/CaGIS 2010 Fall Specialty Conference, Orlando, Florida, November 15-19, 2010, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024682","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a2be4b00162522207c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jerris, Thomas J.","contributorId":149398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jerris","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156062,"text":"70156062 - 2015 - Markov decision processes in natural resources management: observability and uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-14T15:19:59","indexId":"70156062","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-14T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Markov decision processes in natural resources management: observability and uncertainty","docAbstract":"The breadth and complexity of stochastic decision processes in natural resources presents a challenge to analysts who need to understand and use these approaches. The objective of this paper is to describe a class of decision processes that are germane to natural resources conservation and management, namely Markov decision processes, and to discuss applications and computing algorithms under different conditions of observability and uncertainty. A number of important similarities are developed in the framing and evaluation of different decision processes, which can be useful in their applications in natural resources management. The challenges attendant to partial observability are highlighted, and possible approaches for dealing with it are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.12.023","usgsCitation":"Williams, B., 2015, Markov decision processes in natural resources management: observability and uncertainty: Ecological Modelling, v. 220, no. 6, p. 830-840, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.12.023.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"830","endPage":"840","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-007547","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306763,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"220","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112ae4b01487cbfc77bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Byron K.","contributorId":146540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Byron K.","affiliations":[{"id":205,"text":"Cooperative Research Units","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70150452,"text":"70150452 - 2015 - The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T11:06:49","indexId":"70150452","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"Recent extreme floods on the Lower Missouri River have reinvigorated public policy debate about the potential role of floodplain restoration in decreasing costs of floods and possibly increasing other ecosystem service benefits. The first step to addressing the benefits of floodplain restoration is to understand the interactions of flow, floodplain morphology, and land cover that together determine the biophysical capacity of the floodplain. In this article we address interactions between ecological restoration of floodplains and flood-risk reduction at 3 scales. At the scale of the Lower Missouri River corridor (1300 km) floodplain elevation datasets and flow models provide first-order calculations of the potential for Missouri River floodplains to store floods of varying magnitude and duration. At this same scale assessment of floodplain sand deposition from the 2011 Missouri River flood indicates the magnitude of flood damage that could potentially be limited by floodplain restoration. At the segment scale (85 km), 1-dimensional hydraulic modeling predicts substantial stage reductions with increasing area of floodplain restoration; mean stage reductions range from 0.12 to 0.66 m. This analysis also indicates that channel widening may contribute substantially to stage reductions as part of a comprehensive strategy to restore floodplain and channel habitats. Unsteady 1-dimensional flow modeling of restoration scenarios at this scale indicates that attenuation of peak discharges of an observed hydrograph from May 2007, of similar magnitude to a 10 % annual exceedance probability flood, would be minimal, ranging from 0.04 % (with 16 % floodplain restoration) to 0.13 % (with 100 % restoration). At the reach scale (15–20 km) 2-dimensional hydraulic models of alternative levee setbacks and floodplain roughness indicate complex processes and patterns of flooding including substantial variation in stage reductions across floodplains depending on topographic complexity and hydraulic roughness. Detailed flow patterns captured in the 2-dimensional model indicate that most floodplain storage occurs on the rising limb of the flood as water flows into floodplain bottoms from downstream; at a later time during the rising limb this pattern is reversed and the entire bottom conveys discharge down the valley. These results indicate that flood-risk reduction by attenuation is likely to be small on a large river like the Missouri and design strategies to optimize attenuation and ecological restoration should focus on frequent floods (20–50 % annual exceedance probability). Local stage reductions are a more certain benefit of floodplain restoration but local effects are highly dependent on magnitude of flood discharge and how floodplain vegetation communities contribute to hydraulic roughness. The most certain flood risk reduction benefit of floodplain restoration is avoidance of flood damages to crops and infrastructure.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphic approaches to integrated floodplain management of lowland fluvial systems in North America and Europe","language":"English","publisher":"Springer New York","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4939-2380-9_9","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Lindner, G., and Bitner, C., 2015, The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA, chap. of Geomorphic approaches to integrated floodplain management of lowland fluvial systems in North America and Europe, p. 203-243, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2380-9_9.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"243","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038740","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.61687046392973\n ],\n [\n -96.70166015624999,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -100.634765625,\n 44.43377984606822\n ],\n [\n -100.546875,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -91.38427734374999,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.61687046392973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb8e4b07657d1a90d93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hudson, Paul F.","contributorId":138603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12461,"text":"Leiden University College The Hague","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654809,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Middelkoop, Hans","contributorId":177152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middelkoop","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18101,"text":"Utrecht University, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654810,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindner, Garth A.","contributorId":143717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindner","given":"Garth A.","affiliations":[{"id":15309,"text":"University of Maryland Baltimore County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bitner, Chance","contributorId":143716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bitner","given":"Chance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15308,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70147052,"text":"70147052 - 2015 - Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T10:37:13","indexId":"70147052","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process","docAbstract":"Coupled groundwater and surface-water components of the hydrologic cycle can be simulated by the Farm Process for MODFLOW (MF-FMP) in both irrigated and non-irrigated areas and aquifer-storage and recovery systems. MF-FMP is being applied to three productive agricultural regions of different scale in the State of California, USA, to assess the availability of water and the impacts of alternative management decisions. Hindcast simulations are conducted for similar periods from the 1960s to near recent times. Historical groundwater pumpage is mostly unknown in one region (Central Valley) and is estimated by MF-FMP. In another region (Pajaro Valley), recorded pumpage is used to calibrate model-estimated pumpage. Multiple types of observations are used to estimate uncertain parameters, such as hydraulic, land-use, and farm properties. MF-FMP simulates how climate variability and water-import availability affect water demand and supply. MF-FMP can be used to predict water availability based on anticipated changes in anthropogenic or natural water demands.\r\nKeywords groundwater; surface-water; irrigation; water availability; response to climate variability/change","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Predictions for hydrology, ecology, and water resources management: Using data and models to benefit society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"HydroPredict 2008","conferenceDate":"September 15–18, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":" Czech Association of Hydrogeologists","usgsCitation":"Schmid, W., Hanson, R.T., Faunt, C., and Phillips, S.P., 2015, Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process, in Predictions for hydrology, ecology, and water resources management: Using data and models to benefit society, Prague, Czech Republic, September 15–18, 2008, p. 311-314.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"314","ipdsId":"IP-006401","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299883,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://web.natur.cuni.cz/hydropredict2008/"},{"id":342369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593fa839e4b0764e6c62799d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":140408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156076,"text":"70156076 - 2015 - Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-14T15:57:21","indexId":"70156076","displayToPublicDate":"2008-11-05T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","docAbstract":"Streams collect runoff, heat, and sediment from their watersheds, making them highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances such as urbanization and climate change. Forecasting the effects of these disturbances using process-based models is critical to identifying the form and magnitude of likely impacts. Here, we integrate a new biotic model with four previously developed physical models (downscaled climate projections, stream hydrology, geomorphology, and water temperature) to predict how stream fish growth and reproduction will most probably respond to shifts in climate and urbanization over the next several decades.
\nThe biotic submodel couples dynamics in fish populations and habitat suitability to predict fish assemblage composition, based on readily available biotic information (preferences for habitat, temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions.
\nWe illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present-day climate); one Urbanization scenario (higher impervious surface, lower forest cover, significant construction activity); four future climate change scenarios [Hadley CM3 and Parallel Climate Models under medium-high (A2) and medium-low (B2) emissions scenarios]; and the same four climate change scenarios plus Urbanization.
\nUrbanization alone depressed growth or reproduction of 8 of 39 species, while climate change alone depressed 22 to 29 species. Almost every recreationally important species (i.e. trouts, basses, sunfishes) and six of the ten currently most common species were predicted to be significantly stressed. The combined effect of climate change and urbanization on adult growth was sometimes large compared to the effect of either stressor alone. Thus, the model predicts considerable change in fish assemblage composition, including loss of diversity.Synthesis and applications. The interaction of climate change and urban growth may entail significant reconfiguring of headwater streams, including a loss of ecosystem structure and services, which will be more costly than climate change alone. On local scales, stakeholders cannot control climate drivers but they can mitigate stream impacts via careful land use. Therefore, to conserve stream ecosystems, we recommend that proactive measures be taken to insure against species loss or severe population declines. Delays will inevitably exacerbate the impacts of both climate change and urbanization on headwater systems.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K.C., Palmer, M., Pizzuto, J.E., Moglen, G.E., Angermeier, P.L., Hilderbrand, R.H., Dettinger, M., and Hayhoe, K., 2015, Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008736","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112ae4b01487cbfc77b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Karen C.","contributorId":32864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Margaret A.","contributorId":102429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Margaret A.","affiliations":[{"id":13383,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 6 Solomons, Maryland 20688","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moglen, Glenn E.","contributorId":106585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moglen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Robert H.","contributorId":140410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70246272,"text":"70246272 - 2014 - Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-29T14:03:32.445483","indexId":"70246272","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-29T08:45:21","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","title":"Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","docAbstract":"
Migrations between different habitats are key events in the lives of many organisms. Such movements involve annually recurring travel over long distances usually triggered by seasonal changes in the environment. Often, the migration is associated with travel to or from reproduction areas to regions of growth. Young anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) emigrate from freshwater nursery areas during spring and early summer to feed and grow in the North Atlantic Ocean. The transition from the freshwater (‘parr’) stage to the migratory stage where they descend streams and enter salt water (‘smolt’) is characterized by morphological, physiological and behavioural changes where the timing of this parr-smolt transition is cued by photoperiod and water temperature. Environmental conditions in the freshwater habitat control the downstream migration and contribute to within- and among-river variation in migratory timing. Moreover, the timing of the freshwater emigration has likely evolved to meet environmental conditions in the ocean as these affect growth and survival of the post-smolts. Using generalized additive mixed-effects modelling, we analysed spatio-temporal variations in the dates of downstream smolt migration in 67 rivers throughout the North Atlantic during the last five decades and found that migrations were earlier in populations in the east than the west. After accounting for this spatial effect, the initiation of the downstream migration among rivers was positively associated with freshwater temperatures, up to about 10 °C and levelling off at higher values, and with sea-surface temperatures. Earlier migration occurred when river discharge levels were low but increasing. On average, the initiation of the smolt seaward migration has occurred 2.5 days earlier per decade throughout the basin of the North Atlantic. This shift in phenology matches changes in air, river, and ocean temperatures, suggesting that Atlantic salmon emigration is responding to the current global climate changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12363","usgsCitation":"Otero, J., L’Abee-Lund, J.H., Castro-Santos, T., Leonardsson, K., Storvik, G.O., Jonsson, B., Dempson, J., Russell, I.C., Jensen, A.J., Bagliniere, J., Dionne, M., Armstrong, J.D., Romakkaniemi, A., Letcher, B., Kocik, J.F., Erkinaro, J., Poole, R., Rogan, G., Lundqvist, H., MacLean, J.C., Jokikokko, E., Arnekleiv, J.V., Kennedy, R.J., Niemela, E., Caballero, P., Music, P.A., Antonsson, T., Gudjonsson, S., Veselov, A.E., Lamberg, A., Groom, S., Taylor, B.H., Taberner, M., Dillane, M., Arnason, F., Horton, G.E., Hvidsten, N.A., Jonsson, I.R., Jonsson, N., McKelvey, S., Naesje, T.F., Skaala, O., Smith, G.W., Saegrov, H., Stenseth, N.C., and Vøllestad, L., 2014, Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Global Change Biology, v. 20, p. 61-75, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12363.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-049127","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12363","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otero, Jaime","contributorId":315431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otero","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68317,"text":"1Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. 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2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":8},{"subject":{"id":70201189,"text":"ofr20131024D - 2018 - Lithostratigraphic framework in boreholes from Goldstone Lake and Nelson Lake Basins, Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024D","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Lithostratigraphic framework in boreholes from Goldstone Lake and Nelson Lake Basins, Fort Irwin, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":9}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T12:41:18","indexId":"ofr20131024","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-13T14:29:18","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1024","displayTitle":"Geology and Geophysics Applied to Groundwater Hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","docAbstract":"Geologic and geophysical investigations in the vicinity of Fort Irwin National Training Center, California, have been completed in support of groundwater investigations, and are presented in eight chapters of this report. A generalized surficial geologic map along with field and borehole investigations conducted during 2010–11 provide a lithostratigraphic and structural framework for the area during the Cenozoic. Electromagnetic properties of resistivity were measured in the laboratory on hand and core samples, and compared to borehole geophysical resistivity data. These data were used in conjunction with ground-based time-domain and airborne data and interpretations to provide a framework for the shallow lithologic units and structure. Gravity and aeromagnetic maps cover areas ~4 to 5 times that of Fort Irwin. Each chapter includes hydrogeologic applications of the data or model results.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 2013–1024, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024.","productDescription":"9 Chapters","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359949,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/ofr2013-1024_cover.pdf","text":"Cover image","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":359948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
Between 2010 and 2012, a total of 79 time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) soundings were collected in 12 groundwater basins in the U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC) study area to help improve the understanding of the hydrogeology of the NTC. The TEM data are discussed in this chapter in the context of geologic observations of the study area, the details of which are provided in the other chapters of this volume. Selection of locations for TEM soundings in unexplored basins was guided by gravity data that estimated depth to pre-Tertiary basement complex of crystalline rock and alluvial thickness. Some TEM data were collected near boreholes with geophysical logs. The TEM response at locations near boreholes was used to evaluate sounding data for areas without boreholes. TEM models also were used to guide site selection of subsequent boreholes drilled as part of this study. Following borehole completion, geophysical logs were used to ground-truth and reinterpret previously collected TEM data. This iterative process was used to site subsequent TEM soundings and borehole locations as the study progressed. Although each groundwater subbasin within the NTC boundaries was explored using the TEM method, collection of TEM data was focused in those basins identified as best suited for development of water resources. At the NTC, TEM estimates of some lithologic thicknesses and electrical properties in the unsaturated zone are in good accordance with borehole data; however, water-table elevations were not easily identifiable from TEM data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024F","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Burgess, M.K., and Bedrosian, P.A., 2014, Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12, chap. F of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024F.","productDescription":"Report: v, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044319","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":296367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/downloads/ofr2013-1024_f.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
We used the volcanic ash transport and dispersion model Ash3d to estimate the distribution of ashfall that would result from a modern-day Plinian supereruption at Yellowstone volcano. The simulations required modifying Ash3d to consider growth of a continent-scale umbrella cloud and its interaction with ambient wind fields. We simulated eruptions lasting 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month, each producing 330 km3 of volcanic ash, dense-rock equivalent (DRE). Results demonstrate that radial expansion of the umbrella cloud is capable of driving ash upwind (westward) and crosswind (N-S) in excess of 1500 km, producing more-or-less radially symmetric isopachs that are only secondarily modified by ambient wind. Deposit thicknesses are decimeters to meters in the northern Rocky Mountains, centimeters to decimeters in the northern Midwest, and millimeters to centimeters on the East, West, and Gulf Coasts. Umbrella cloud growth may explain the extremely widespread dispersal of the ∼640 ka and 2.1 Ma Yellowstone tephra deposits in the eastern Pacific, northeastern California, southern California, and South Texas.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014GC005469","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., Van Eaton, A., and Lowenstern, J.B., 2014, Modeling ash fall distribution from a Yellowstone supereruption: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 15, no. 8, p. 3459-3475, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005469.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3459","endPage":"3475","ipdsId":"IP-051368","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gc005469","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"15","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea9e4b0531197b27f9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":140076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa R.","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189609,"text":"70189609 - 2014 - Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:14:46","indexId":"70189609","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence","docAbstract":"In this study, rock friction ‘stick-slip’ experiments are used to develop constraints on models of earthquake recurrence. Constant-rate loading of bare rock surfaces in high quality experiments produces stick-slip recurrence that is periodic at least to second order. When the loading rate is varied, recurrence is approximately inversely proportional to loading rate. These laboratory events initiate due to a slip rate-dependent process that also determines the size of the stress drop [Dieterich, 1979; Ruina, 1983] and as a consequence, stress drop varies weakly but systematically with loading rate [e.g., Gu and Wong, 1991; Karner and Marone, 2000; McLaskey et al., 2012]. This is especially evident in experiments where the loading rate is changed by orders of magnitude, as is thought to be the loading condition of naturally occurring, small repeating earthquakes driven by afterslip, or low-frequency earthquakes loaded by episodic slip. As follows from the previous studies referred to above, experimentally observed stress drops are well described by a logarithmic dependence on recurrence interval that can be cast as a non-linear slip-predictable model. The fault’s rate dependence of strength is the key physical parameter. Additionally, even at constant loading rate the most reproducible laboratory recurrence is not exactly periodic, unlike existing friction recurrence models. We present example laboratory catalogs that document the variance and show that in large catalogs, even at constant loading rate, stress drop and recurrence co-vary systematically. The origin of this covariance is largely consistent with variability of the dependence of fault strength on slip rate. Laboratory catalogs show aspects of both slip and time predictability and successive stress drops are strongly correlated indicating a ‘memory’ of prior slip history that extends over at least one recurrence cycle.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011184","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N.M., Tullis, T., Junger, J., Kilgore, B.D., and Goldsby, D.L., 2014, Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 119, no. 12, p. 8770-8791, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011184.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"8770","endPage":"8791","ipdsId":"IP-059672","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbbe4b0d1f9f065a8df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tullis, Terry","contributorId":194801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullis","given":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Junger, Jenni","contributorId":194802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Junger","given":"Jenni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldsby, David L.","contributorId":194803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldsby","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188574,"text":"70188574 - 2014 - Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T15:58:43","indexId":"70188574","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California","docAbstract":"Debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the Transverse Ranges of southern California pose severe hazards to nearby communities and infrastructure. Frequent wildfires denude hillslopes and increase the likelihood of these hazardous events. Debris-retention basins protect communities and infrastructure from the impacts of debris flows and sediment-laden floods and also provide critical data for volumes of sediment deposited at watershed outlets. In this study, we supplement existing data for the volumes of sediment deposited at watershed outlets with newly acquired data to develop new empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment produced by watersheds located in the Transverse Ranges of southern California. The sediment volume data represent a broad sample of conditions found in Ventura, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, California.\n\nThe measured volumes of sediment, watershed morphology, distributions of burn severity within each watershed, the time since the most recent fire, triggering storm rainfall conditions, and engineering soil properties were analyzed using multiple linear regressions to develop two models. A “long-term model” was developed for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by both debris flows and floods at various times since the most recent fire from a database of volumes of sediment deposited by a combination of debris flows and sediment-laden floods with no time limit since the most recent fire (n = 344). A subset of this database was used to develop an “emergency assessment model” for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows within two years of a fire (n = 92). Prior to developing the models, 32 volumes of sediment, and related parameters for watershed morphology, burn severity and rainfall conditions were retained to independently validate the long-term model. Ten of these volumes of sediment were deposited by debris flows within two years of a fire and were used to validate the emergency assessment model. The models were validated by comparing predicted and measured volumes of sediment. These validations were also performed for previously developed models and identify that the models developed here best predict volumes of sediment for burned watersheds in comparison to previously developed models.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.04.008","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.E., Cannon, S.H., and Santi, P.M., 2014, Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California: Engineering Geology, v. 176, no. 24, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.04.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-055505","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County, San Bernadino 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cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santi, Paul M","contributorId":192990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santi","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70133137,"text":"70133137 - 2014 - U.S. Geological Survey external quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2011-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T17:15:07","indexId":"70133137","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"NADP QA Report 2014-01","title":"U.S. Geological Survey external quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2011-2012","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey operated six distinct programs to provide external quality-assurance monitoring for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) / National Trends Network (NTN) and Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) during 2011–2012. The field-audit program assessed the effects of onsite exposure, sample handling, and shipping on the chemistry of NTN samples; a system-blank program assessed the same effects for MDN. Two interlaboratory-comparison programs assessed the bias and variability of the chemical analysis data from the Central Analytical Laboratory and Mercury Analytical Laboratory (HAL). A blind-audit program was implemented for the MDN during 2011 to evaluate analytical bias in HAL total mercury concentration data. The co-located–sampler program was used to identify and quantify potential shifts in NADP data resulting from the replacement of original network instrumentation with new electronic recording rain gages and precipitation collectors that use optical precipitation sensors.
The results indicate that NADP data continue to be of sufficient quality for the analysis of spatial distributions and time trends of chemical constituents in wet deposition across the United States. Co-located rain gage results indicate -3.7 to +6.5 percent bias in NADP precipitation-depth measurements. Co-located collector results suggest that the retrofit of the NADP networks with the new precipitation collectors could cause +10 to +36 percent shifts in NADP annual deposition values for ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate; -7.5 to +41 percent shifts for hydrogen-ion deposition; and larger shifts (-51 to +52 percent) for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride. The prototype N-CON Systems bucket collector typically catches more precipitation than the NADP-approved Aerochem Metrics Model 301 collector.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Illinois, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois State Water Survey","publisherLocation":"Champaign, IL","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G.A., and Martin, R., 2014, U.S. Geological Survey external quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program / National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2011-2012, viii, 52 p.","productDescription":"viii, 52 p.","ipdsId":"IP-050735","costCenters":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b4e4b0764e6c63eacd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, RoseAnn ramartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"RoseAnn","email":"ramartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175170,"text":"70175170 - 2014 - Influences of glacial melt and permafrost thaw on the age of dissolved organic carbon in the Yukon River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T11:59:33","indexId":"70175170","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-25T06:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of glacial melt and permafrost thaw on the age of dissolved organic carbon in the Yukon River basin","docAbstract":"Responses of near-surface permafrost and glacial ice to climate change are of particular significance for understanding long-term effects on global carbon cycling and carbon export by high-latitude northern rivers. Here we report Δ14C-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values and dissolved organic matter optical data for the Yukon River, 15 tributaries of the Yukon River, glacial meltwater, and groundwater and soil water end-member sources draining to the Yukon River, with the goal of assessing mobilization of aged DOC within the watershed. Ancient DOC was associated with glacial meltwater and groundwater sources. In contrast, DOC from watersheds dominated by peat soils and underlain by permafrost was typically enriched in Δ14C indicating that degradation of ancient carbon stores is currently not occurring at large enough scales to quantitatively influence bulk DOC exports from those landscapes. On an annual basis, DOC exported was predominantly modern during the spring period throughout the Yukon River basin and became older through summer-fall and winter periods, suggesting that contributions of older DOC from soils, glacial meltwaters, and groundwater are significant during these months. Our data indicate that rapidly receding glaciers and increasing groundwater inputs will likely result in greater contributions of older DOC in the Yukon River and its tributaries in coming decades.
A terminal lake basin in west-central Nevada, Walker Lake, has undergone drastic change over the past 90 yrs due to upstream water use for agriculture. Decreased inflows to the lake have resulted in 100 km2 decrease in lake surface area and a total loss of fisheries due to salinization. The ecologic health of Walker Lake is of great concern as the lake is a stopover point on the Pacific route for migratory birds from within and outside the United States. Stakeholders, water institutions, and scientists have engaged in collaborative modeling and the development of a decision support system that is being used to develop and analyze management change options to restore the lake. Here we use an integrated management and hydrologic model that relies on state-of-the-art simulation capabilities to evaluate the benefits of using integrated hydrologic models as components of a decision support system. Nonlinear feedbacks among climate, surface-water and groundwater exchanges, and water use present challenges for simulating realistic outcomes associated with management change. Integrated management and hydrologic modeling provides a means of simulating benefits associated with management change in the Walker River basin where drastic changes in the hydrologic landscape have taken place over the last century. Through the collaborative modeling process, stakeholder support is increasing and possibly leading to management change options that result in reductions in Walker Lake salt concentrations, as simulated by the decision support system.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.043","collaboration":"Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Niswonger, R.G., Allander, K.K., and Jeton, A.E., 2014, Collaborative modelling and integrated decision support system analysis of a developed terminal lake basin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 517, p. 521-537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.043.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"537","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052113","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Walker Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.2403564453125,\n 38.30071455572194\n ],\n [\n -118.2403564453125,\n 38.30071455572194\n ],\n [\n -118.2403564453125,\n 38.30071455572194\n ],\n [\n -118.2403564453125,\n 38.30071455572194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.5806884765625,\n 38.27053224010455\n ],\n [\n -119.5806884765625,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -118.28979492187499,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -118.28979492187499,\n 38.27053224010455\n ],\n [\n -119.5806884765625,\n 38.27053224010455\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"517","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fe3c22e4b075ab2b2aa095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":152462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allander, Kip K. 0000-0002-3317-298X kalland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3317-298X","contributorId":2290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allander","given":"Kip","email":"kalland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeton, Anne E.","contributorId":45351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeton","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168981,"text":"70168981 - 2014 - Eruptive and tectonic history of the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, based on AUV mapping data and lava flow ages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-04T09:24:19","indexId":"70168981","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-10T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eruptive and tectonic history of the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, based on AUV mapping data and lava flow ages","docAbstract":"High-resolution bathymetric surveys from autonomous underwater vehicles ABE and D. Allan B. were merged to create a coregistered map of 71.7 km2 of the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Radiocarbon dating of foraminifera in cores from three dives of remotely operated vehicle Doc Ricketts provide minimum eruption ages for 40 lava flows that are combined with the bathymetric data to outline the eruptive and tectonic history. The ages range from Modern to 10,700 marine-calibrated years before present (yr BP). During a robust magmatic phase from >10,700 yr BP to ~4300 yr BP, flows erupted from an axial high and many flowed >5 km down the flanks; some partly buried adjacent valleys. Axial magma chambers (AMCs) may have been wider than today to supply dike intrusions over a 2 km wide axial zone. Summit Seamount formed by ~4770 yr BP and was subsequently dismembered during a period of extension with little volcanism starting ~4300 yr BP. This tectonic phase with only rare volcanic eruptions lasted until ~2300 yr BP and may have resulted in near-solidification of the AMCs. The axial graben formed by crustal extension during this period of low magmatic activity. Infrequent eruptions occurred on the flanks between 2620–1760 yr BP and within the axial graben since ~1750 yr BP. This most recent phase of limited volcanic and intense hydrothermal activity that began ~2300 yr BP defines a hydrothermal phase of ridge development that coincides with the present-day 1 km wide AMCs and overlying hydrothermal vent fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014GC005415","usgsCitation":"Clague, D.A., Dreyer, B.M., Paduan, J.B., Martin, J.F., Caress, D., Gillespie, J.B., Kelley, D.S., Thomas, H., Portner, R.A., Delaney, J., Guilderson, T.P., and McGann, M., 2014, Eruptive and tectonic history of the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, based on AUV mapping data and lava flow ages: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 15, no. 8, p. 3364-3391, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005415.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"3364","endPage":"3391","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062673","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472499,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gc005415","text":"Publisher Index 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rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:31:32","indexId":"70173945","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-24T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest","docAbstract":"Ventifacts, rocks abraded by wind-borne particles, are found in Gale Crater, Mars. In the eastward drive from “Bradbury Landing” to “Rocknest,” they account for about half of the float and outcrop seen by Curiosity's cameras. Many are faceted and exhibit abrasion textures found at a range of scales, from submillimeter lineations to centimeter-scale facets, scallops, flutes, and grooves. The drive path geometry in the first 100 sols of the mission emphasized the identification of abrasion facets and textures formed by westerly flow. This upwind direction is inconsistent with predictions based on models and the orientation of regional dunes, suggesting that these ventifact features formed from very rare high-speed winds. The absence of active sand and evidence for deflation in the area indicates that most of the ventifacts are fossil features experiencing little abrasion today.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013JE004579","usgsCitation":"Bridges, N., Calef, F., Hallett, B., Herkenhoff, K.E., Lanza, N., Le Mouélic, S., Newman, C., Blaney, D., Pablo, D., Kocurek, G., Langevin, Y., Lewis, K., Mangold, N., Maurice, S., Meslin, P., Pinet, P., Renno, N., Rice, C., Richardson, M., Sautter, V., Sletten, R., Wiens, R.C., and Yingst, R., 2014, The rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 119, p. 1374-1389, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JE004579.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1374","endPage":"1389","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052431","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013je004579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bradbury Landing, Gale Crater, Mars, Rocknest","volume":"119","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913ece4b07657d19ff2a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, N.T.","contributorId":23673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calef, F.J. 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Under the CR regulations, angling was permitted on a year-round basis, no Brook Trout could be harvested at any time, and there were no tackle restrictions. A before-after–control-impact design was used to evaluate the experimental regulations. Brook Trout populations were monitored in 16 treatment (CR regulations) and 7 control streams (statewide regulations) using backpack electrofishing gear periodically for up to 15 years (from 1990 to 2003 or 2004) before the implementation of the CR regulations and over a 7–8-year period (from 2004 or 2005 to 2011) after implementation. We used Poisson mixed models to evaluate whether electrofishing catch per effort (CPE; catch/100 m2) of adult (≥100 mm) or large (≥175 mm) Brook Trout increased in treatment streams as a result of implementing CR regulations. Brook Trout CPE varied among sites and among years, and there was no significant effect (increase or decrease) of CR regulations on the CPE of adult or large Brook Trout. Results of our evaluation suggest that CR regulations were not effective at improving the CPE of adult or large Brook Trout in Pennsylvania streams. Low angler use, high voluntary catch and release, and slow growth rates in infertile headwater streams are likely the primary reasons for the lack of response.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.848251","usgsCitation":"Detar, J., Kristine, D., Wagner, T., and Greene, T., 2014, Evaluation of catch-and-release regulations on Brook Trout in Pennsylvania streams: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 34, no. 1, p. 49-56, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.848251.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050734","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.848251","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T10:22:54","indexId":"70173949","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-19T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of pure versus mixed snow cover pixels across spatial resolutions in alpine environments: implications for binary and fractional remote sensing approaches","docAbstract":"Remote sensing of snow-covered area (SCA) can be binary (indicating the presence/absence of snow cover at each pixel) or fractional (indicating the fraction of each pixel covered by snow). Fractional SCA mapping provides more information than binary SCA, but is more difficult to implement and may not be feasible with all types of remote sensing data. The utility of fractional SCA mapping relative to binary SCA mapping varies with the intended application as well as by spatial resolution, temporal resolution and period of interest, and climate. We quantified the frequency of occurrence of partially snow-covered (mixed) pixels at spatial resolutions between 1 m and 500 m over five dates at two study areas in the western U.S., using 0.5 m binary SCA maps derived from high spatial resolution imagery aggregated to fractional SCA at coarser spatial resolutions. In addition, we used in situ monitoring to estimate the frequency of partially snow-covered conditions for the period September 2013–August 2014 at 10 60-m grid cell footprints at two study areas with continental snow climates. Results from the image analysis indicate that at 40 m, slightly above the nominal spatial resolution of Landsat, mixed pixels accounted for 25%–93% of total pixels, while at 500 m, the nominal spatial resolution of MODIS bands used for snow cover mapping, mixed pixels accounted for 67%–100% of total pixels. Mixed pixels occurred more commonly at the continental snow climate site than at the maritime snow climate site. The in situ data indicate that some snow cover was present between 186 and 303 days, and partial snow cover conditions occurred on 10%–98% of days with snow cover. Four sites remained partially snow-free throughout most of the winter and spring, while six sites were entirely snow covered throughout most or all of the winter and spring. Within 60 m grid cells, the late spring/summer transition from snow-covered to snow-free conditions lasted 17–56 days and averaged 37 days. Our results suggest that mixed snow-covered snow-free pixels are common at the spatial resolutions imaged by both the Landsat and MODIS sensors. This highlights the additional information available from fractional SCA products and suggests fractional SCA can provide a major advantage for hydrological and climatological monitoring and modeling, particularly when accurate representation of the spatial distribution of snow cover is critical.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs61212478","usgsCitation":"Selkowitz, D.J., Forster, R., and Caldwell, M.K., 2014, Prevalence of pure versus mixed snow cover pixels across spatial resolutions in alpine environments: implications for binary and fractional remote sensing approaches: Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 12, p. 12478-12508, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61212478.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"12478","endPage":"12508","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060122","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61212478","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e4e4b07657d19ff238","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selkowitz, David J. 0000-0003-0824-7051 dselkowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-7051","contributorId":3259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"David","email":"dselkowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":639740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forster, Richard","contributorId":172149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forster","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":26993,"text":"University of Utah, Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Megan K. mcaldwell@usgs.gov","contributorId":4243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Megan","email":"mcaldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":639742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173668,"text":"70173668 - 2014 - When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T09:57:47","indexId":"70173668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement","docAbstract":"Animal movement is essential to our understanding of population dynamics, animal behavior, and the impacts of global change. Coupled with high-resolution biotelemetry data, exciting new inferences about animal movement have been facilitated by various specifications of contemporary models. These approaches differ, but most share common themes. One key distinction is whether the underlying movement process is conceptualized in discrete or continuous time. This is perhaps the greatest source of confusion among practitioners, both in terms of implementation and biological interpretation. In general, animal movement occurs in continuous time but we observe it at fixed discrete-time intervals. Thus, continuous time is conceptually and theoretically appealing, but in practice it is perhaps more intuitive to interpret movement in discrete intervals. With an emphasis on state-space models, we explore the differences and similarities between continuous and discrete versions of mechanistic movement models, establish some common terminology, and indicate under which circumstances one form might be preferred over another. Counter to the overly simplistic view that discrete- and continuous-time conceptualizations are merely different means to the same end, we present novel mathematical results revealing hitherto unappreciated consequences of model formulation on inferences about animal movement. Notably, the speed and direction of movement are intrinsically linked in current continuous-time random walk formulations, and this can have important implications when interpreting animal behavior. We illustrate these concepts in the context of state-space models with multiple movement behavior states using northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) biotelemetry data.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B.T., Johnson, D., Hooten, M., Ver Hoef, J.M., and Morales, J.M., 2014, When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement: Movement Ecology, v. 2, no. 21, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054164","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"21","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5759423ae4b04f417c256a1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, Brett T. 0000-0001-6154-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-4376","contributorId":83785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":637821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":637476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ver Hoef, Jay M.","contributorId":42504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ver Hoef","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morales, Juan M.","contributorId":171521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morales","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}