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We show that seismic attenuation ( \"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0001\") along the San Andreas fault (SAF) at Parkfield correlates with the occurrence of moderate‐to‐large earthquakes at local and regional distances. Earthquake‐related \"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0002\" anomalies are likely caused by changes in permeability from dilatant static stress changes, damage by strong shaking from local sources, and pore unclogging/clogging from mobilization of colloids by dynamic strains. We find that, prior to the 2004 M6 Parkfield earthquake, prefailure conditions for some local events of moderate magnitude correspond to positive anomalies of \"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0003\" on the Pacific side, with local and regional earthquakes producing sharp attenuation reversals. After the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, we see higher \"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0004\" anomalies along the SAF, but low sensitivity to local and regional earthquakes, probably because the mainshock significantly altered the permeability state of the rocks adjacent to the SAF, and its sensitivity to earthquake‐induced stress perturbations.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL089201","usgsCitation":"Malagnini, L., and Parsons, T.E., 2020, Seismic attenuation monitoring of a critically stressed San Andreas fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 23, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089201.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117715","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault-Parkfield Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 35.646137228802424\n ],\n [\n -120.64361572265624,\n 35.646137228802424\n ],\n [\n -120.64361572265624,\n 36.61332303966068\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 36.61332303966068\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 35.646137228802424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malagnini, Luca 0000-0001-5809-9945","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-9945","contributorId":245308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malagnini","given":"Luca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70257085,"text":"70257085 - 2020 - Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-09T11:43:30.440477","indexId":"70257085","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-20T06:40:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests","docAbstract":"

Riparian forests play key roles in protecting biodiversity and water resources, making them priorities for conservation in human-dominated landscapes, but fragmentation associated with expanding tropical croplands threatens their ecological integrity. We compared the structure of tropical riparian forests within intact and cropland catchments in a region of intensive soybean production in the southeastern Brazilian Amazon. We studied forest plots (varying from 120 to 210 m long) that bisected riparian zone forests and headwater streams in ten catchments. Four plots were within large areas of intact primary forest and six were in bands of protected riparian forest along streams within croplands as required by the Brazilian Forest Code. We found that riparian forests in croplands harbored fewer species of trees and seedlings/saplings, and had higher proportions of opportunistic, pioneer tree species. We also found greater variation in tree species composition, and higher internal dissimilarity in croplands compared with forests. The observed patterns in tree species composition were driven mainly by differences between riparian forest-cropland edges and those bordering intact upland forests. Forests nearest to streams in cropland and forested catchments were more similar to one another. Results suggest that wider buffers are needed at the edges of croplands to maintain riparian forest structure. The minimum 30-m riparian buffers now required by the Brazilian Forest Code may thus be insufficient to prevent long-term shifts in riparian forest species composition and structure.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862","usgsCitation":"Maracahipes-Santos, L., Silverio, D.V., Macedo, M.N., Maracahipes, L., Jankowski, K.J., Paolucci, L.N., Neill, C., and Brando, P.M., 2020, Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests: Biological Conservation, v. 252, 108862, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862.","productDescription":"108862","ipdsId":"IP-111697","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"252","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maracahipes-Santos, Leonardo 0000-0002-8402-1399","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-1399","contributorId":264463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maracahipes-Santos","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52936,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silverio, Divino Vicente 0000-0003-1642-9496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1642-9496","contributorId":341976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silverio","given":"Divino","email":"","middleInitial":"Vicente","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macedo, Marcia Nunes 0000-0001-8102-5901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-5901","contributorId":341977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macedo","given":"Marcia","email":"","middleInitial":"Nunes","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maracahipes, Leandro","contributorId":328553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maracahipes","given":"Leandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12674,"text":"University of Campinas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jankowski, Kathi Jo 0000-0002-3292-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182","contributorId":207429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paolucci, Lucas Navarro 0000-0001-6403-5200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-5200","contributorId":341978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paolucci","given":"Lucas","email":"","middleInitial":"Navarro","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Neill, Christopher","contributorId":218247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neill","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brando, Paulo Monteiro 0000-0001-8952-7025","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8952-7025","contributorId":341979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brando","given":"Paulo","email":"","middleInitial":"Monteiro","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228411,"text":"70228411 - 2020 - Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T16:16:37.469632","indexId":"70228411","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T10:08:49","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders","docAbstract":"

Mixed-species colonies occur frequently, especially among seabirds, and may provide mutual benefits among associated species including antipredator advantages. The “protector” species in such associations may provide early warning signals or by aggressively defending their own nests, may expel predators from the area. We explored costs and benefits to Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) in relation to offspring production in both monospecific colonies and those mixed with Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) at Saunders Island (Falkland Islands), emphasizing differences in predation pressure. We considered behavioral responses of chicks (in crèches), as well as differences in their nutritional condition, morphometric measurements, and survival compared among different breeding colonies. Our study revealed a paradox: High-quality adult penguins, those arriving early and occupying lower-elevation sites closer to the coast, produced better-nourished chicks earlier in the season. However, they averaged half the number of chicks fledged, compared to breeders that arrived later in the season. Late breeders were forced by unavailability of optimal habitat to nest in more elevated areas, forming mixed colonies with cormorants, which, in turn, provided them with protection from nest predators. This study provides an example of the role of luck in nature, and how it may compensate for differences in individual fitness.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3272","usgsCitation":"Morandini, V., Dugger, K.M., Ainley, D., and Ferrer, M., 2020, Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 11, e03272, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3272.","productDescription":"e03272, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111249","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3272","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Falkland Islands, Saunders Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -60.03410339355468,\n -51.33833359386698\n ],\n [\n -60.077362060546875,\n -51.29498801220168\n ],\n [\n -60.18791198730469,\n -51.30271596654796\n ],\n [\n -60.26962280273437,\n -51.261055492709\n ],\n [\n -60.33416748046875,\n -51.25589899305906\n ],\n [\n -60.337600708007805,\n -51.28768819403518\n ],\n [\n -60.24284362792969,\n -51.33189872071528\n ],\n [\n -60.264129638671875,\n -51.36063416174487\n ],\n [\n -60.332107543945305,\n -51.388066116760086\n ],\n [\n -60.24696350097657,\n -51.436888577204975\n ],\n [\n -60.194091796875,\n -51.41291212935531\n ],\n [\n -60.11444091796876,\n -51.40862929698623\n ],\n [\n -60.03410339355468,\n -51.33833359386698\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morandini, Virginia","contributorId":275712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morandini","given":"Virginia","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":834239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ainley, David","contributorId":275713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":56884,"text":"htha","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrer, Miguel","contributorId":275714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrer","given":"Miguel","affiliations":[{"id":56885,"text":"aeg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216758,"text":"70216758 - 2020 - Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-04T16:12:31.95667","indexId":"70216758","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T09:57:03","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","title":"Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","docAbstract":"

Echinoderms such as sea urchins are important in marine ecosystems, particularly as grazers, and unhealthy sea urchins can have important ecological implications. For instance, unexplained mortalities of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean were followed by algal overgrowth and subsequent collapse of coral reef ecosystems. Unfortunately, few tools exist to evaluate echinoderm health, making management of mortalities or other health issues problematic. Hematology is often used to assess health in many animal groups, including invertebrates, but is seldom applied to echinoderms. We used a standard gravitometric technique to concentrate fixed coelomocytes from the collector sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla onto microscope slides, permitting staining and enumeration. Using Romanowsky stain and electron microscopy to visualize cell details, we found that urchin cells could be partitioned into different morphotypes. Specifically, we enumerated phagocytes, phagocytes with perinuclear cytoplasmic dots, vibratile cells, colorless spherule cells, red spherule cells, and red spherule cells with pink granules. We also saw cell-in-cell interactions characterized by phagocytes apparently phagocytizing mainly the motile cells including red spherule cells, colorless spherule cells, and vibratile cells disproportionate to underlying populations of circulating cells. Cell-in-cell interactions were seen in 71% of sea urchins, but comprised <1% of circulating cells. Finally, about 40% of sea urchins had circulating phagocytes that were apparently phagocytizing spicules. The coelomic fluid collection and slide preparation methods described here are simple, field portable, and might be a useful complementary tool for assessing health of other marine invertebrates, revealing heretofore unknown physiological phenomena in this animal group.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/dao03533","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., Millard, E., Mariani, D.B., Weatherby, T.M., Rameyer, R., Dagenais, J., Breeden, R., and Beale, A., 2020, Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 142, p. 63-73, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03533.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-120179","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03533","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VUQH51","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on blood cells of the collector urchin, Tripneustes gratilla"},{"id":380985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"South Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.20233749272323\n ],\n [\n -157.65243530273438,\n 21.20233749272323\n ],\n [\n -157.65243530273438,\n 21.30600789859976\n ],\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.30600789859976\n ],\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.20233749272323\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"142","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millard, Elena","contributorId":245382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millard","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49176,"text":"Sumner Veterinary Hospital, 16024 60th St E, Sumner, WA, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mariani, Daniela B.","contributorId":245383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mariani","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":49177,"text":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weatherby, Tina M.","contributorId":245384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weatherby","given":"Tina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rameyer, Robert 0000-0002-2145-1746 bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1746","contributorId":150128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rameyer","given":"Robert","email":"bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dagenais, Julie","contributorId":245385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dagenais","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":13108,"text":"IAP World Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Breeden, Renee 0000-0001-5910-3627 rbreeden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-3627","contributorId":149679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeden","given":"Renee","email":"rbreeden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beale, Allison","contributorId":245386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beale","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49178,"text":"Leeward Community College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70216445,"text":"sir20205095 - 2020 - Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T19:39:33.551007","indexId":"sir20205095","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T07:20:28","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5095","displayTitle":"Landscape and Climatic Influences on Actual Evapotranspiration and Available Water Using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","title":"Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bernalillo County Public Works Division, conducted a 1-year study in 2015 to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of evapotranspiration (ET) and available water within the East Mountain area in Bernalillo County, New Mexico. ET and available water vary spatiotemporally because of complex interactions among environmental factors, including vegetation characteristics, soil characteristics, topography, and climate.

Precipitation data from the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) (P) were used in conjunction with actual ET (ETa) data from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model to estimate available water (P – ETa) at 100-meter (m) resolution in the study area. Maps, descriptive statistics, boxplots, regression analyses (continuous data), and multiple comparison tests (categorical data) were used to characterize P, ETa, and available water and their relations to topographic, soil, and vegetation datasets in the East Mountain area. Five categories of the natural land-cover type (evergreen forest, shrub, herbaceous, deciduous forest, and mixed forest) and four categories of developed land-cover type specific to residential intensity (developed open, developed low, developed medium, and developed high) were analyzed individually and in interaction with multiple elevation, tree canopy, and soil texture classes.

Annual mean P in 2015 in the East Mountain area was 608 millimeters (mm), and annual mean ETa was 543 mm (89 percent of annual P in 2015), indicating that in 2015, a spatial mean of about 65 mm of water was available for runoff, soil moisture replenishment, or groundwater recharge. Monthly ETa was greatest in July and smallest in January. The intervening months did not show smooth temporal or consistent spatial changes from month to month. Months with lower ETa (January to March, October to December) also tended to have greater available water, indicating that soil moisture (water supply) and potential ET (water demand) may have been out of phase.

Regression analyses showed that monthly ETa data had the highest correlation with annual ETa among the atmospheric, topographic, soil, or vegetation datasets, particularly during the early and late growing season (March, April, May, and September). In contrast, monthly P was highly variable and not as highly correlated with annual ETa. Among landscape variables, correlations with annual ETa were highest for tree canopy cover (coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.46). Correlations between ETa and other landscape variables were lower (R2 = 0.06–0.19): available soil water in the top 100 centimeters, soil bulk density of layer 1, slope, sand content of soil layer 1, soil depth, available soil water in the top 25 centimeters, leaf area index, aspect eastness, and elevation. Evergreen forest areas had the highest annual median ETa, followed by mixed forest, open residential areas, and deciduous forest. Available water typically was higher in landcover types with lower ETa: herbaceous cover, followed by deciduous forest, high-intensity developed areas, and shrub. Deciduous forest had the second highest median available water, despite having the fourth highest ETa, because deciduous forest had greater P than most other areas. Annual median ETa typically was greatest in the second highest elevation band (2,401–2,800 m above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD 88]), and lower in the highest elevation band (2,801–3,254 m above NAVD 88), despite having greater P, likely because of decreased tree canopy cover or a shift from evergreen to deciduous trees at the highest elevations.

Annual median ETa increased with tree canopy cover, regardless of landcover type. ETa correlation was higher with tree canopy than with leaf area index or normalized difference vegetation index. This result indicates that it is important to include the thermal band (from satellite multispectral data) in vegetation indices used to describe ETa, perhaps to account for the influence of energy limitation or water limitation on ET. Of all natural landcover types, finer soils had the most available water, whereas coarser soils had the least available water. Relations of soil type with P – ETa were different than with ETa, indicating ET and available water have a complex response to differences in soil type. Further modeling would be useful in determining soils’ infiltration, storage, conductivity, and plant-water availability relations to individual storms for each position in the landscape, as well as the corresponding effects of these processes on ET and available water.

The best multivariate linear model for annual ETa had an R2 value of 0.62. Monthly ETa models had R2 values between 0.16 and 0.65. Models usually, but not always, performed best during the growing season. These results indicate that even the best multivariate linear models cannot explain a notable amount of the variability in ET. The monthly ETa models with the highest correlations (August and September) followed a July having almost twice the mean precipitation for July (1981–2010), which indicates that a soil-moisture variable is needed to more accurately model monthly ETa. Further study is needed to better characterize this system, the variables that affect ET and available water, and the partitioning of available water into runoff, soil moisture storage, and groundwater recharge.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205095","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bernalillo County Public Works Division","usgsCitation":"Douglas-Mankin, K.R., McCutcheon, R.J., Mitchell, A.C., and Senay, G.B., 2020, Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5095, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205095.","productDescription":"x, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101269","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5095/sir20205095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.90 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020–5095"},{"id":380593,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5095/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 34.879171662167664\n ],\n [\n -105.88623046874999,\n 34.879171662167664\n ],\n [\n -105.88623046874999,\n 35.35545618392078\n ],\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 35.35545618392078\n ],\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 34.879171662167664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas-Mankin, Kyle R. 0000-0002-3155-3666","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3155-3666","contributorId":203927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas-Mankin","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCutcheon, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3775-006X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-006X","contributorId":245006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCutcheon","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Aurelia C. 0000-0003-3302-4546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3302-4546","contributorId":222580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Aurelia C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217013,"text":"70217013 - 2020 - Effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-28T12:27:46.986888","indexId":"70217013","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T06:27:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs","docAbstract":"

The effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs varied over a 10-year monitoring period in a tributary to Lake Superior, United States. Submerged vanes are a river training device used to divert river flows away from eroding banks along meander bends and ultimately hold constant or reverse the direction of lateral migration. At the study site, the relatively steep slope, large substrate size, and flashy flow regime pushed the upper end of the design limitations of submerged vanes. Changes in channel location and morphology due to the vanes were monitored using repeat channel cross-section surveys along a 110-m reach. The vanes experienced 15 floods over the monitoring period. The two most damaging floods happened in the summer and fall of 2005 with annual exceedance probabilities of 7% and 6% respectively. A new data analysis method for rivers, using centroids of cross sections, was useful to track channel migration rapidly and objectively and, along with calculations of changes in bankfull channel size, provide metrics to describe channel change.

","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001834","usgsCitation":"Lee, B.O., Fitzpatrick, F., and Hoopes, J.A., 2020, Effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 147, no. 2, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001834.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114880","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Benjamin O. 0000-0001-9620-6617","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-6617","contributorId":245887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":49362,"text":"Fish Creek Restoration LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoopes, John A.","contributorId":16516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoopes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216686,"text":"70216686 - 2020 - Reproduction and denning by San Clemente Island Foxes: Age, sex, and polygamy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T15:18:26.853242","indexId":"70216686","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T09:14:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5991,"text":"The Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction and denning by San Clemente Island Foxes: Age, sex, and polygamy","docAbstract":"

Channel Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) live on six of the eight California Channel Islands, and each island is inhabited by a distinct subspecies. Until recently, four of these subspecies were listed under the Endangered Species Act as endangered. Although three of the four subspecies have been delisted, and one subspecies was downlisted to threatened, all subspecies are still vulnerable because of small population sizes and potential threats from predation and disease. Consequently, information on reproductive behavior for each subspecies, including the San Clemente Island fox (Urocyon littoralis clementae), is important for understanding fox population dynamics. We determined reproductive status of 28 island foxes through observations of radio collared yearlings and adults with or without juveniles between 25 February and 8 October 2009. We found a greater number of adult foxes than yearling foxes and a greater number of female foxes than male foxes observed with juveniles. Also, there was a significantly greater probability of observing adult female foxes with juveniles than yearling males with juveniles. Only 1 of 28 radio collared foxes exhibited either polygamous or “helper” behaviors. Parturition started approximately 2 months earlier than historically recorded for other Channel Island fox subspecies. Our results suggest that in future studies of reproductive success more effort should be placed on monitoring adult females than yearling males. If emergence from dens continues to occur earlier than previously recorded, the current recommended time period for trapping (20 June–31 January) might need revision to exclude January to reduce stress to pregnant females. If all foxes have similar probabilities of transmitting disease on a given contact with juveniles, our data suggest that it may be appropriate to focus more vaccination efforts on females than males and adults than yearlings because they contact juveniles more frequently.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-64.3-4.164","usgsCitation":"Hamblen, E.E., Andelt, W.F., and Stanley, T.R., 2020, Reproduction and denning by San Clemente Island Foxes: Age, sex, and polygamy: The Southwestern Naturalist, v. 64, no. 3-4, p. 164-172, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-64.3-4.164.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-095894","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.33099365234375,\n 32.78958351251041\n ],\n [\n -118.25958251953124,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -118.63586425781249,\n 33.53452667616054\n ],\n [\n -119.40216064453126,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -119.94049072265625,\n 34.109530506665884\n ],\n [\n -120.46234130859376,\n 34.0822371521209\n ],\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 33.99119576995599\n ],\n [\n -120.06683349609374,\n 33.84076406581977\n ],\n [\n -119.55322265624999,\n 33.169743600216165\n ],\n [\n -118.36944580078124,\n 32.759562025650126\n ],\n [\n -118.33099365234375,\n 32.78958351251041\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamblen, Emily E.","contributorId":245310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamblen","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andelt, William F.","contributorId":49296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andelt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Thomas R. 0000-0002-8393-0005 stanleyt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0005","contributorId":209928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Thomas","email":"stanleyt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216741,"text":"70216741 - 2020 - Impacts of environmental conditions on fleas in black-tailed prairie dog burrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T14:15:29.931166","indexId":"70216741","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T08:10:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2489,"text":"Journal of Vector Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of environmental conditions on fleas in black-tailed prairie dog burrows","docAbstract":"

Sylvatic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted by fleas, occurs in prairie dogs of the western United States. Outbreaks can devastate prairie dog communities, often causing nearly 100% mortality. Three competent flea vectors, prairie dog specialists Oropsylla hirsuta and O. tuberculata, and generalist Pulex simulans, are found on prairie dogs and in their burrows. Fleas are affected by climate, which varies across the range of black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), but these effects may be ameliorated somewhat due to the burrowing habits of prairie dogs. Our goal was to assess how temperature and precipitation affect off‐host flea abundance and whether relative flea abundance varied across the range of black‐tailed prairie dogs. Flea abundance was measured by swabbing 300 prairie dog burrows at six widely distributed sites in early and late summer of 2016 and 2017. Relative abundance of flea species varied among sites and sampling sessions. Flea abundance and prevalence increased with monthly mean high temperature and declined with higher winter precipitation. Predicted climate change in North America will likely influence flea abundance and distribution, thereby impacting plague dynamics in prairie dog colonies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jvec.12405","usgsCitation":"Poje, J.E., Rocke, T.E., and Samuel, M., 2020, Impacts of environmental conditions on fleas in black-tailed prairie dog burrows: Journal of Vector Ecology, v. 45, no. 2, p. 356-365, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12405.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"365","ipdsId":"IP-122241","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12405","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-96.443408,42.489495],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.089714,41.531778],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.885349,40.721093],[-95.41932,40.048442],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-94.615834,39.160003],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.431822,35.397652],[-94.485528,33.663388],[-94.386086,33.544923],[-94.070395,33.574561],[-94.0427,32.056012],[-93.523248,31.037842],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.922744,29.818808],[-93.852868,29.675885],[-94.731047,29.369141],[-94.532348,29.5178],[-94.767246,29.525523],[-94.724616,29.774766],[-94.965963,29.70033],[-94.894234,29.338],[-95.16525,29.113566],[-94.73132,29.338066],[-94.803695,29.279237],[-96.341617,28.417334],[-95.983106,28.641942],[-96.221784,28.580364],[-96.287942,28.683164],[-96.473694,28.57324],[-96.664534,28.696904],[-96.481836,28.407844],[-96.790235,28.383926],[-96.898123,28.152881],[-97.21535,28.076575],[-97.040618,28.028708],[-97.183455,27.833231],[-97.354614,27.849572],[-97.296598,27.613947],[-97.399398,27.344735],[-97.640111,27.270943],[-97.485149,27.250841],[-97.552325,26.867633],[-97.145567,25.971132],[-97.445113,25.850026],[-97.711145,26.033043],[-98.20496,26.066419],[-99.110855,26.426278],[-99.452316,27.062669],[-99.556812,27.614336],[-99.841708,27.766464],[-100.280518,28.267969],[-100.785521,29.228137],[-101.441059,29.753451],[-102.341033,29.869305],[-102.698347,29.695591],[-103.107811,29.013812],[-103.427754,29.042334],[-104.46652,29.609296],[-104.924796,30.604832],[-106.158218,31.438885],[-106.381039,31.73211],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.145243,48.174046],[-96.854812,47.606328],[-96.774763,46.607461],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.82616,45.654164],[-96.452315,45.208986],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.591213,43.500514],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.630311,42.770885],[-96.443408,42.489495]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-97.240849,26.411504],[-97.383531,26.875521],[-97.366771,27.333276],[-96.946988,28.026522],[-96.403206,28.371475],[-96.929053,27.99044],[-97.276091,27.472145],[-97.370731,26.909706],[-97.161471,26.088705],[-97.240849,26.411504]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poje, Julia E.","contributorId":206595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poje","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37348,"text":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, 53705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D.","contributorId":206351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216980,"text":"70216980 - 2020 - Ensemble ShakeMaps for magnitude 9 earthquakes on the Cascadia Subduction Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T14:51:07.249943","indexId":"70216980","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T07:40:12","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ensemble ShakeMaps for magnitude 9 earthquakes on the Cascadia Subduction Zone","docAbstract":"

We develop ensemble ShakeMaps for various magnitude 9 (⁠M\">MM 9) earthquakes on the Cascadia megathrust. Ground‐shaking estimates are based on 30 M\">MM 9 Cascadia earthquake scenarios, which were selected using a logic‐tree approach that varied the hypocenter location, down‐dip rupture limit, slip distribution, and location of strong‐motion‐generating subevents. In a previous work, Frankel et al. (2018) used a hybrid approach (i.e., 3D deterministic simulations for frequencies &lt;1&#x2009;&#x2009;Hz\"><1  Hz<1  Hz and stochastic synthetics for frequencies &gt;1&#x2009;&#x2009;Hz\">>1  Hz>1  Hz⁠) and uniform site amplification factors to create broadband seismograms from this set of 30 earthquake scenarios. Here, we expand on this work by computing site‐specific amplification factors for the Pacific Northwest and applying these factors to the ground‐motion estimates derived from Frankel et al. (2018). In addition, we use empirical ground‐motion models (GMMs) to expand the ground‐shaking estimates beyond the original model extent of Frankel et al. (2018) to cover all of Washington State, Oregon, northern California, and southern British Columbia to facilitate the use of these ensemble ShakeMaps in region‐wide risk assessments and scenario planning exercises. Using this updated set of 30 M\">MM 9 Cascadia earthquake scenarios, we present ensemble ShakeMaps for the median, 2nd, 16th, 84th, and 98th percentile ground‐motion intensity measures. Whereas traditional scenario ShakeMaps are based on a single hypothetical earthquake rupture, our ensemble ShakeMaps take advantage of a logic‐tree approach to estimating ground motions from multiple earthquake rupture scenarios. In addition, 3D earthquake simulations capture important features such as strong ground‐motion amplification in the Pacific Northwest’s sedimentary basins, which are not well represented in the empirical GMMs that compose traditional scenario ShakeMaps. Overall, our results highlight the importance of strong‐motion‐generating subevents for coastal sites, as well as the amplification of long‐period ground shaking in deep sedimentary basins, compared with previous scenario ShakeMaps for Cascadia.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220200240","usgsCitation":"Wirth, E.A., Grant, A.R., Marafi, N.A., and Frankel, A.D., 2020, Ensemble ShakeMaps for magnitude 9 earthquakes on the Cascadia Subduction Zone: Seismological Research Letters, v. 92, no. 1, p. 199-211, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200240.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"211","ipdsId":"IP-120218","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia Subduction Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -118.95996093749999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -118.95996093749999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, Alex R. 0000-0002-5096-4305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-4305","contributorId":219066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Alex","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marafi, Nasser A.","contributorId":197874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marafi","given":"Nasser","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70220562,"text":"70220562 - 2020 - Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T12:09:38.327609","indexId":"70220562","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T07:35:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho","docAbstract":"

We describe a case of brood parasitism of a Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) nest by California Quail (Callipepla californica; hereafter, quail) in southwestern Idaho during 2019. We observed one quail egg in the parasitized nest; the egg partially hatched, but the chick was dead upon the final nest check. Of the 6 sage-grouse eggs in the nest, only 2 hatched, although the eggs contained chicks that appeared nearly completely developed. Identification of the quail chick was confirmed using mitochondrial DNA. Additional monitoring and documentation of this behavioral interaction is warranted to better understand its prevalence and any reproductive consequences for sage-grouse.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0418","usgsCitation":"Rabon, J.C., McIntire, S.E., Coates, P.S., Ricca, M.A., and Johnson, T.N., 2020, Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho: Western North American Naturalist, v. 80, no. 4, p. 569-572, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0418.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"569","endPage":"572","ipdsId":"IP-113760","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -112.763671875,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -115.97167968750001,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rabon, Jordan C.","contributorId":223734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabon","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, Sarah E","contributorId":223733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A. 0000-0003-1576-513X mark_ricca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-513X","contributorId":139103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark","email":"mark_ricca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Tracey N. 0000-0003-3480-8596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-8596","contributorId":223735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70219111,"text":"70219111 - 2020 - Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T11:56:41.937759","indexId":"70219111","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T07:04:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin","docAbstract":"

Deeper flows through bedrock in mountain watersheds could be important, but lack of data to characterize bedrock properties limits understanding. To address data scarcity, we combine a previously published integrated hydrologic model of a snow‐dominated, headwater basin of the Colorado River with a new method for dating baseflow age using dissolved gas tracers SF6, CFC‐113, N2, and Ar. The original flow model predicts the majority of groundwater flow through shallow alluvium (<8 m) sitting on top of less permeable bedrock. The water moves too quickly and is unable to reproduce observed SF6 concentrations. To match gas data, bedrock permeability is increased to allow a larger fraction of deeper and older groundwater flow (median 112 m). The updated hydrologic model indicates interannual variability in baseflow age (3–12 years) is controlled by the volume of seasonal interflow and tightly coupled to snow accumulation and monsoon rain. Deeper groundwater flow remains stable (11.7 ± 0.7 years) as a function mean historical recharge to bedrock hydraulic conductivity (R/K). A sensitivity analysis suggests that increasing bedrock K effectively moves this alpine basin away from its original conceptualization of hyperlocalized groundwater flow (high R/K) with groundwater age insensitive to changes in water inputs. Instead, this basin is situated close to the precipitation threshold defining recharge controlled groundwater flow conditions (low R/K) in which groundwater age increases with small reductions in precipitation. Work stresses the need to explore alternative methods characterizing bedrock properties in mountain basins to better quantify deeper groundwater flow and predict their hydrologic response to change.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020WR028161","usgsCitation":"Carroll, R.W., Manning, A.H., Niswonger, R.G., Marchetti, D.W., and Williams, K.H., 2020, Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin: Water Resources Research, v. 56, no. 12, e2020WR028161, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028161.","productDescription":"e2020WR028161, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115011","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.138916015625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.138916015625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carroll, Rosemary W.H. 0000-0002-9302-8074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-8074","contributorId":178784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Rosemary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":197892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marchetti, David W 0000-0002-1246-0798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-0798","contributorId":255716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marchetti","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":38118,"text":"Western Colorado University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70220896,"text":"70220896 - 2020 - Seabird synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T19:35:28.963466","indexId":"70220896","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T14:27:37","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Seabird synthesis","docAbstract":"

Overall, the status of seabirds was fair to good in the WGOA in 2020, with limited data available from Middleton Island, Cook Inlet, and the Kodiak Archipelago (Figure 63). Colony attendance remains low in some populations compared to historic levels, and some colonies were newly abandoned. However, when birds did arrive to breed, reproductive success generally appeared fair to good for fish-eating, surface-feeding birds and fish-eating, diving birds. There was spatial variability in colony  attendance and reproductive success, with Middleton Island birds performing more strongly than Kodiak Island or Cook Inlet. Middleton Island populations from both these groups experienced their strongest breeding seasons since the marine heatwave began in 2014, suggesting an increase in the availability of small schooling fish in that region of WGOA. No large-scale mortality event was recorded based on monthly beach surveys in the WGOA. This year’s integrated approach to reporting seabird status is less comparable to previous Ecosystem Status Reports, as the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge’s seabird reproductive success time series were not updated, due to COVID-19 related survey cancellations.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem status report 2020 Gulf of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"NOAA","usgsCitation":"Arimitsu, M.L., Burgess, H.K., Corcoran, R., Hatch, S., Jones, T., Lindsey, J., Marsteller, C.E., Piatt, J., and Schoen, S.K., 2020, Seabird synthesis, chap. of Ecosystem status report 2020 Gulf of Alaska, p. 121-128.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"128","ipdsId":"IP-123184","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":386016,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archive.fisheries.noaa.gov/afsc/refm/stocks/plan_team/2020/GOAecosys.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet, Gulf of Alaska. Kodiak Archipelago, Middleton Island,","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 56.255557451930585\n ],\n [\n -147.63427734375,\n 56.255557451930585\n ],\n [\n -147.63427734375,\n 61.845782829572485\n ],\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 61.845782829572485\n ],\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 56.255557451930585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Hillary K.","contributorId":220053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgess","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corcoran, Robin","contributorId":242629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, Scott","contributorId":258853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":52319,"text":"ISRC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Tim","contributorId":149501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":17757,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlantic Coast Joint Venture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lindsey, Jackie","contributorId":203501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Jackie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36637,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marsteller, Caitlin Elizabeth 0000-0002-2430-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-0708","contributorId":251784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsteller","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":244053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schoen, Sarah K. 0000-0002-5685-5185 sschoen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-5185","contributorId":5136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoen","given":"Sarah","email":"sschoen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70216405,"text":"ofr20201123 - 2020 - Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-19T15:03:44.391711","indexId":"ofr20201123","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T10:45:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1123","displayTitle":"Field Comparison of Five In Situ Turbidity Sensors","title":"Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors","docAbstract":"

Five commercially available turbidity sensors were field tested by the U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility for accuracy and data comparability. The tested sensors were the Xylem EXO (EXO), the Hach Solitax sc (Solitax), the In Situ Aqua TROLL sensor installed onto a TROLL 600 sonde (TROLL 600), the Campbell Scientific OBS501 (OBS501), and the Observator ANALITE NEP–5000 (NEP–5000). The sensors were deployed at Pearl River at National Space Technology Laboratories Station, Mississippi (U.S. Geological Survey site 02492620), and were serviced weekly. In addition to the five in situ turbidity sensors, corresponding discrete samples were collected and analyzed during the evaluation on a calibrated Hach 2100N benchtop turbidimeter. The OBS501 malfunctioned early in the evaluation and eventually failed, resulting in few data from the sensor.

During this study, the four remaining sensors (minus the OBS501) changed similarly throughout the field test; however, sensor data from the EXO consistently demonstrated lower results than the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000, possibly because of the variation in raw signal processing among manufacturers. Results from a single factor analysis of variance test and a Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test verified the low bias observed in the EXO data and indicated there was a significant difference between the EXO data and data from the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000 but an insignificant difference among the data when the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000 were compared to each other.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201123","usgsCitation":"Snazelle, T.T., 2020, Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1123, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201123.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 15 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-103944","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380549,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1123/ofr20201123.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020–1123"},{"id":380548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1123/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":380550,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KDERG6","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Turbidity data collected by five in situ sensors at USGS site 02492620 Pearl River at NSTL station, Mississippi, from November 2017 to January 2018"},{"id":380551,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS Dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"National Space Technology Laboratories Station","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.211608223816906\n ],\n [\n -89.28314208984375,\n 30.211608223816906\n ],\n [\n -89.28314208984375,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.211608223816906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

U.S. Geological Survey
Water Mission Area
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snazelle, Teri T. 0000-0001-9205-3107 tsnazelle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-3107","contributorId":147328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snazelle","given":"Teri","email":"tsnazelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70218670,"text":"70218670 - 2020 - Divergent movement patterns of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe, an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T14:14:27.276256","indexId":"70218670","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T08:07:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergent movement patterns of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe, an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper","docAbstract":"

The movement patterns of birds across a landscape are often highly variable and influenced by complex interactions between individuals and environments. Because periods of movement can be marked by high mortality, especially among juvenile birds, understanding these patterns may be vital for the conservation of many bird species. However, these patterns can be challenging to quantify. We used radio‐telemetry to document the movement patterns of ‘Akohekohe (Palmeria dolei), an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper endemic to Maui Island, Hawai'i. This species is believed to be highly susceptible to mosquito‐transmitted avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) and only breeds in high‐elevation wet forests on the windward side of east Maui (> 1715 m) that serve as mosquito‐free refugia. Over a 2‐yr period (2013–2014), we used radio‐telemetry and resightings of color‐banded birds to track the movements of juveniles (N = 11) and adults (N = 24) and quantified home ranges with minimum convex polygons (MCP) and 95% fixed kernels (KHR). Movement patterns and home range sizes of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe were significantly different, with adults having relatively small home ranges (0.57 ha, MCP; 1.09 ha, KHR) and juveniles moving greater distances and having larger home ranges (25.02 ha, MCP; 90.56 ha, KHR). Only juveniles moved into lower‐elevation forests that can support mosquito populations, at least seasonally. The absence of adults in this transitional malaria zone suggests that adult ‘Akohekohe cannot maintain long‐term home ranges in areas with an increased risk of malaria infection. In addition, the long‐distance movements of juveniles during the post‐fledging, pre‐breeding period likely increases their risk of contracting avian malaria and could be a key factor limiting the population of this species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12348","usgsCitation":"Wang, A.X., Paxton, E., Mounce, H., and Gorresen, P., 2020, Divergent movement patterns of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe, an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 91, p. 346-353, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12348.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"346","endPage":"353","ipdsId":"IP-080038","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12348","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.81884765625,\n 20.447602397594167\n ],\n [\n -155.797119140625,\n 20.447602397594167\n ],\n [\n -155.797119140625,\n 21.151115354148047\n ],\n [\n -156.81884765625,\n 21.151115354148047\n ],\n [\n -156.81884765625,\n 20.447602397594167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Alex X","contributorId":253153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"X","affiliations":[{"id":37485,"text":"University of Hawai‘i - Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":811312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mounce, Hanna L.","contributorId":253154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mounce","given":"Hanna L.","affiliations":[{"id":13352,"text":"Maui Forest Bird Recovery Project","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorresen, P. Marcos 0000-0002-0707-9212","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9212","contributorId":196628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P. Marcos","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216349,"text":"ofr20201094 - 2020 - Measured and calculated nitrate and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and loads at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam, S-79, south Florida, 2014-17","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-17T23:20:23.252871","indexId":"ofr20201094","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T08:05:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1094","displayTitle":"Measured and Calculated Nitrate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations and Loads at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam, S-79, South Florida, 2014–17","title":"Measured and calculated nitrate and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and loads at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam, S-79, south Florida, 2014-17","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey monitored dissolved nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen (N) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and calculated loads of these constituents at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam (S-79) from April 2014 to December 2017. Flows from Lake Okeechobee controlled by S-77, S-78 and S-79 affect water quality in the downstream Caloosahatchee River Estuary, where increased nutrients and dissolved organic matter are of concern. Numerous algal blooms have occurred in the Caloosahatchee River and downstream estuaries in recent years (2005–18) and are often attributed to eutrophication. Dissolved nitrate plus nitrite as N (hereafter, referred to as nitrate) data were collected at 15-minute intervals using a submersible ultraviolet optical nitrate sensor. The instrument data were corrected for interferences, as determined by the relation between instrument measurements and 20 concurrent laboratory values. A surrogate model, based on 36 concurrent measurements of DOC, fluorescence of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, and specific conductance, was developed to calculate DOC at 15-minute intervals.

Mean and median calculated nitrate concentrations for the study period (2014–17) were both 0.21 milligram per liter (mg/L). Monthly mean nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.04 mg/L in April 2017 to 0.48 mg/L in November 2015. Monthly mean nitrate concentrations and the proportion of water that was attributed to Lake Okeechobee discharge, released through S-79, were weakly correlated and indicate that the nitrate concentrations typically decreased as the percentage of water released from the lake increased. Annual nitrate loads were 278 metric tons in 2015, 782 metric tons in 2016, and 525 metric tons in 2017. Monthly mean nitrate loads ranged from 1.2 metric tons in April 2017 to 171.3 metric tons in February 2016. Nitrate loads increased linearly with an increase in flow and typically increased during the wet season, May to October. Monthly loads of nitrate were strongly correlated with flow at S-77 and S-79.

Mean and median calculated DOC concentrations for the study period were 18.3 mg/L and 18.9 mg/L, respectively. Monthly mean DOC concentrations ranged from 12.6 mg/L in May 2017 to 21.5 mg/L in September 2015. Generally, DOC concentrations were lower during the dry season months (November to April) and higher during the wet season months. Monthly mean DOC concentrations were moderately correlated with monthly mean flow volumes at S-79. There was a strong correlation between monthly mean DOC concentrations and the proportion of water released at S-79 that can be attributed directly to Lake Okeechobee, indicating that contributions between Moore Haven Lock and Dam (S-77) and S-79 have a higher DOC concentration than water released from Lake Okeechobee. Monthly mean nitrate concentrations and monthly mean DOC concentrations were strongly correlated. Annual loads of DOC were 23,960 metric tons in 2015 and 65,610 metric tons in 2016 (2014 and 2017 data were incomplete). Monthly loads of DOC ranged from 284 metric tons in May 2017 to 15,122 metric tons in September 2017, the latter corresponding to the effects from Hurricane Irma. Monthly loads of DOC were strongly correlated with flow at S-77 and S-79.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201094","collaboration":"USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program","usgsCitation":"Booth, A., 2020, Measured and calculated nitrate and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and loads at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam, S-79, south Florida, 2014-17: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020-1094, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201094.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 37 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091619","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1094/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":380479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1094/ofr20201094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.50 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1094"},{"id":380480,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9V4ZGWU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Calculated carbon concentrations, Franklin Lock and Dam (S-79) southern Florida, 2014-2017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.701452590314368\n ],\n [\n -81.47735595703125,\n 26.701452590314368\n ],\n [\n -81.47735595703125,\n 26.74683674289727\n ],\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.74683674289727\n ],\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.701452590314368\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booth, Amanda 0000-0002-2666-2366 acbooth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-2366","contributorId":5432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"Amanda","email":"acbooth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70216807,"text":"70216807 - 2020 - Water temperature controls for regulated canyon-bound rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T14:49:31.055876","indexId":"70216807","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-16T09:20:18","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water temperature controls for regulated canyon-bound rivers","docAbstract":"

Many canyon‐bound rivers have been dammed and downstream flow and water temperatures modified. Climate change is expected to cause lower storage in reservoirs and warmer release temperatures, which may further alter downstream flow and thermal regimes. To anticipate potential future changes, we first need to understand the dominant heat transfer mechanisms in canyon‐bound river systems. Towards this end, we adapt a dynamic process‐based river routing and temperature model to account for complex shading and radiation characteristics found in canyon‐bound rivers. We apply the model to a 362 km segment of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, USA to simulate temperature over an 18‐year period. Extensive temperature and flow datasets from within the canyon were used to assess model performance. At the most downstream gaging location, root mean square errors of hourly flow routing and temperature predictions were 11.5 m3/s and 0.93 °C, respectively. We found that heat fluxes controlling temperatures were highly variable over space and time, primarily due to shortwave radiation dynamics and hydropeaking flow conditions. Additionally, the large differences between air and water temperature during summer periods resulted in high sensible and latent heat fluxes. Sensitivity analyses indicate that reservoir release temperatures are most influential above the RM88 gage (141 kilometers below Glen Canyon Dam), while a combination of discharge, shortwave radiation, and air temperature become more important farther downstream. This study illustrates the importance of understanding the spatial and temporal variability of topographic shading when predicting water temperatures in canyon‐bound rivers.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020WR027566","usgsCitation":"Mihalevich, B.A., Neilson, B., Buahin, C.A., Yackulic, C., and Schmidt, J.C., 2020, Water temperature controls for regulated canyon-bound rivers: Water Resources Research, v. 56, e2020WR027566, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027566.","productDescription":"e2020WR027566, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117871","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.961181640625,\n 35.639441068973944\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 35.639441068973944\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -113.961181640625,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -113.961181640625,\n 35.639441068973944\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mihalevich, Bryce A.","contributorId":245512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mihalevich","given":"Bryce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neilson, Bethany","contributorId":178798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neilson","given":"Bethany","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buahin, Caleb A.","contributorId":245514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buahin","given":"Caleb","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, John C.","contributorId":207751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37627,"text":"Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228678,"text":"70228678 - 2020 - Increased typhoon activity in the Pacific deep tropics driven by Little Ice Age circulation changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T15:34:39.786634","indexId":"70228678","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-16T08:57:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased typhoon activity in the Pacific deep tropics driven by Little Ice Age circulation changes","docAbstract":"

The instrumental record reveals that tropical cyclone activity is sensitive to oceanic and atmospheric variability on inter-annual and decadal scales. However, our understanding of the influence of climate on tropical cyclone behaviour is restricted by the short historical record and the sparseness of prehistorical reconstructions, particularly in the western North Pacific, where coastal communities suffer loss of life and livelihood from typhoons annually. Here, to explore past regional typhoon dynamics, we reconstruct three millennia of deep tropical North Pacific cyclogenesis. Combined with existing records, our reconstruction demonstrates that low-baseline typhoon activity prior to 1350 CE was followed by an interval of frequent storms during the Little Ice Age. This pattern, concurrent with hydroclimate proxy variability, suggests a centennial-scale link between Pacific hydroclimate and tropical cyclone climatology. An ensemble of global climate models demonstrates a migration of the Pacific Walker circulation and variability in two Pacific climate modes during the Little Ice Age, which probably contributed to enhanced tropical cyclone activity in the tropical western North Pacific. In the next century, projected changes to the Pacific Walker circulation and expansion of the tropics will invert these Little Ice Age hydroclimate trends, potentially reducing typhoon activity in the deep tropical Pacific.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publications","doi":"10.1038/s41561-020-00656-2","usgsCitation":"Bramante, J.F., Ford, M., Kench, P., Ashton, A., Toomey, M., Sullivan, R., Karnauskas, K., Ummenhofer, C.C., and Donnelly, J.P., 2020, Increased typhoon activity in the Pacific deep tropics driven by Little Ice Age circulation changes: Nature Geoscience, v. 13, p. 806-811, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-00656-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"806","endPage":"811","ipdsId":"IP-120405","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26505","text":"External Repository"},{"id":396015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South Pacific Ocean","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bramante, James F","contributorId":245127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bramante","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, Murray","contributorId":224308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Murray","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kench, Paul","contributorId":248315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kench","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49849,"text":"Simon Frazier U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ashton, Andrew","contributorId":184098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullivan, Richard","contributorId":211625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karnauskas, Kristopher","contributorId":279498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karnauskas","given":"Kristopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ummenhofer, Caroline C. 0000-0002-9163-3967","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-3967","contributorId":223139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ummenhofer","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40678,"text":"University of New South Wales; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Donnelly, Jeffrey P.","contributorId":192783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70216704,"text":"70216704 - 2020 - Along-margin variations in breakup volcanism at the Eastern North American Margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T13:29:05.858719","indexId":"70216704","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-16T07:22:10","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Along-margin variations in breakup volcanism at the Eastern North American Margin","docAbstract":"We model the magnetic signature of rift-related volcanism to understand the distribution and volumeofmagmatic activity that occurred during the breakup of Pangaea and early Atlantic opening at the Eastern North American Margin (ENAM).Along-strike variations in the amplitude and character of the prominent East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA) suggest that the emplacement of the volcanic layers producing this anomaly similarly varied along the margin. We use three-dimensional magnetic forward modeling constrained by seismic interpretationsto identify along-margin variations in volcanic thickness and width that can explain the observed amplitude and character of the ECMA. Our model results suggest that the ECMA is produced by a combination of both first-order (~600-1000 km)and second-order (~50-31100 km) magmatic segmentation. The first-order magmatic segmentation could have resulted from preexisting variations in crustal thickness and rheology developed during the tectonic amalgamation of Pangaea. The second-order magmatic segmentation developed during continental breakup and likely influenced the segmentation and transform fault spacing of the initial, and modern, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These variations in magmatism showhow extension and thermal weakening was distributed at the ENAM during continental breakup and how this breakup magmatism was related to both previous and subsequent Wilson Cycle stages.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JB020040","usgsCitation":"Greene, J., Tominaga, M., and Miller, N.C., 2020, Along-margin variations in breakup volcanism at the Eastern North American Margin: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 125, no. 12, e2020JB020040, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB020040.","productDescription":"e2020JB020040","ipdsId":"IP-123067","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jb020040","text":"External Repository"},{"id":380905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"East Coast of United States, Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -67.8515625,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -67.8515625,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 32.24997445586331\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, John A. 0000-0002-4310-602X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-602X","contributorId":200999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tominaga, Masako 0000-0002-1169-4146","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-4146","contributorId":200937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tominaga","given":"Masako","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Nathaniel C. 0000-0003-3271-2929 ncmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3271-2929","contributorId":174592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Nathaniel","email":"ncmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216429,"text":"70216429 - 2020 - Cortisol is an osmoregulatory and glucose-regulating hormone in Atlantic sturgeon, a basal ray-finned fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-18T13:08:33.014524","indexId":"70216429","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-16T07:06:05","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cortisol is an osmoregulatory and glucose-regulating hormone in Atlantic sturgeon, a basal ray-finned fish","docAbstract":"

Our current understanding of the hormonal control of ion regulation in aquatic vertebrates comes primarily from studies on teleost fishes, with relatively little information on more basal fishes. We investigated the role of cortisol in regulating seawater tolerance and its underlying mechanisms in an anadromous chondrostean, the Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus). Exposure of freshwater-reared Atlantic sturgeon to seawater (25 ppt) resulted in transient (1–3 day) increases in plasma chloride, cortisol and glucose levels and long-term (6–14 day) increases in the abundance of gill Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC), which plays a critical role in salt secretion in teleosts. The abundance of gill V-type H+-ATPase, which is thought to play a role in ion uptake in fishes, decreased after exposure to seawater. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity did not increase in 25 ppt seawater, but did increase in fish gradually acclimated to 30 ppt. Treatment of Atlantic sturgeon in freshwater with exogenous cortisol resulted in dose-dependent increases in cortisol, glucose and gill NKCC and H+-ATPase abundance. Our results indicate that cortisol has an important role in regulating mechanisms for ion secretion and uptake in sturgeon and provide support for the hypothesis that control of osmoregulation and glucose by corticosteroids is a basal trait of jawed vertebrates.


","language":"English","publisher":"The Company of Biologists","doi":"10.1242/jeb.220251","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S.D., Taylor, M.L., and Regish, A.M., 2020, Cortisol is an osmoregulatory and glucose-regulating hormone in Atlantic sturgeon, a basal ray-finned fish: Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 223, no. 18, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.220251.","ipdsId":"IP-114300","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454813,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.220251","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KIPOF8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Physiological changes in response to salinity and cortisol treatment in Atlantic sturgeon"},{"id":380584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"223","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Meghan L.","contributorId":245005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Meghan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265 aregish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":5415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"aregish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70230646,"text":"70230646 - 2020 - Estimating and forecasting spatial population dynamics of apex predators using transnational genetic monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-20T11:49:11.923065","indexId":"70230646","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-16T06:42:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10567,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating and forecasting spatial population dynamics of apex predators using transnational genetic monitoring","docAbstract":"
The ongoing recovery of terrestrial large carnivores in North America and Europe is accompanied by intense controversy. On the one hand, reestablishment of large carnivores entails a recovery of their most important ecological role, predation. On the other hand, societies are struggling to relearn how to live with apex predators that kill livestock, compete for game species, and occasionally injure or kill people. Those responsible for managing these species and mitigating conflict often lack fundamental information due to a long-standing challenge in ecology: How do we draw robust population-level inferences for elusive animals spread over immense areas? Here we showcase the application of an effective tool for spatially explicit tracking and forecasting of wildlife population dynamics at scales that are relevant to management and conservation. We analyzed the world’s largest dataset on carnivores comprising more than 35,000 noninvasively obtained DNA samples from over 6,000 individual brown bears (Ursus arctos), gray wolves (Canis lupus), and wolverines (Gulo gulo). Our analyses took into account that not all individuals are detected and, even if detected, their fates are not always known. We show unequivocal quantitative evidence of large carnivore recovery in northern Europe, juxtaposed with the finding that humans are the single-most important factor driving the dynamics of these apex predators. We present maps and forecasts of the spatiotemporal dynamics of large carnivore populations, transcending national boundaries and management regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Science","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2011383117","usgsCitation":"Bischof, R., Milleret, C., Dupont, P., Chipperfield, J., Tourani, M., Ordiz, A., de Valpine, P., Turek, D., Royle, A., Gemenez, O., Flagstad, O., Akesson, M., Svensson, L., Broseth, H., and Kindberg, J., 2020, Estimating and forecasting spatial population dynamics of apex predators using transnational genetic monitoring: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, v. 11, no. 48, p. 30531-30538, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011383117.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"30531","endPage":"30538","ipdsId":"IP-120860","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011383117","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":399158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischof, Richard","contributorId":237793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bischof","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milleret, Cyril","contributorId":206841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milleret","given":"Cyril","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37411,"text":"Norwegian Univ Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dupont, Pierre","contributorId":237794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dupont","given":"Pierre","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chipperfield, Joseph","contributorId":237796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chipperfield","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tourani, Mahdieh","contributorId":290430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tourani","given":"Mahdieh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ordiz, Andres","contributorId":290431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ordiz","given":"Andres","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"de Valpine, Perry","contributorId":177739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Valpine","given":"Perry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Turek, Daniel","contributorId":290437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turek","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62426,"text":"Dept of Math and Statistics, Williams College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":146229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gemenez, Olivier","contributorId":290439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gemenez","given":"Olivier","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62428,"text":"CNRS Univ Montpellier, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Flagstad, Oystein","contributorId":290440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flagstad","given":"Oystein","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Akesson, Mikael","contributorId":290441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Akesson","given":"Mikael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62429,"text":"3Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Svensson, Linn","contributorId":290442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Svensson","given":"Linn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62430,"text":"Wildlife Damage Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Broseth, Henrik","contributorId":290443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Broseth","given":"Henrik","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kindberg, Jonas","contributorId":290444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kindberg","given":"Jonas","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70217194,"text":"70217194 - 2020 - Using tracer variance decay to quantify variability of salinity mixing in the Hudson River Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-12T13:27:48.796607","indexId":"70217194","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-15T07:21:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7505,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using tracer variance decay to quantify variability of salinity mixing in the Hudson River Estuary","docAbstract":"

The salinity structure in an estuary is controlled by time‐dependent mixing processes. However, the locations and temporal variability of where significant mixing occurs is not well‐understood. Here we utilize a tracer variance approach to demonstrate the spatial and temporal structure of salinity mixing in the Hudson River Estuary. We run a 4‐month hydrodynamic simulation of the tides, currents, and salinity that captures the spring‐neap tidal variability as well as wind‐driven and freshwater flow events. On a spring‐neap time scale, salinity variance dissipation (mixing) occurs predominantly during the transition from neap to spring tides. On a tidal time scale, 60% of the salinity variance dissipation occurs during ebb tides and 40% during flood tides. Spatially, mixing during ebbs occurs primarily where lateral bottom salinity fronts intersect the bed at the transition from the main channel to adjacent shoals. During ebbs, these lateral fronts form seaward of constrictions located at multiple locations along the estuary. During floods, mixing is generated by a shear layer elevated in the water column at the top of the mixed bottom boundary layer, where variations in the along channel density gradients locally enhance the baroclinic pressure gradient leading to stronger vertical shear and more mixing. For both ebb and flood, the mixing occurs at the location of overlap of strong vertical stratification and eddy diffusivity, not at the maximum of either of those quantities. This understanding lends a new insight to the spatial and time dependence of the estuarine salinity structure.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JC016096","usgsCitation":"Warner, J., Geyer, W.R., Ralston, D.K., and Kalra, T., 2020, Using tracer variance decay to quantify variability of salinity mixing in the Hudson River Estuary: Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans, v. 125, no. 12, e2020JC016096, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016096.","productDescription":"e2020JC016096, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117991","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016096","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Hudson River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.03137207031247,\n 40.551374198715166\n ],\n [\n -73.74023437499999,\n 40.551374198715166\n ],\n [\n -73.74023437499999,\n 42.90413649491736\n ],\n [\n -74.03137207031247,\n 42.90413649491736\n ],\n [\n -74.03137207031247,\n 40.551374198715166\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geyer, W Rockwill 0000-0001-9030-1744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-1744","contributorId":247570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geyer","given":"W","email":"","middleInitial":"Rockwill","affiliations":[{"id":49582,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department, MS #11, Woods Hole, MA,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ralston, David K. 0000-0002-0774-3101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0774-3101","contributorId":195909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralston","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kalra, Tarandeep S. 0000-0001-5468-248X tkalra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-248X","contributorId":178820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalra","given":"Tarandeep S.","email":"tkalra@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":807932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216487,"text":"70216487 - 2020 - Stable isotope dynamics of herbivorous reef fishes and their ectoparasites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T14:24:50.172104","indexId":"70216487","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-14T08:18:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1398,"text":"Diversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope dynamics of herbivorous reef fishes and their ectoparasites","docAbstract":"

Acanthurids (surgeonfishes) are an abundant and diverse group of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. While their contribution to trophic linkages and dynamics in coral reef systems has received considerable attention, the role of linkages involving their parasites has not. As both consumers of fish tissue and prey to microcarnivores, external parasites may play a significant role in trophic transfer between primary consumers (and hence their predominantly algae-based diet) and the broader coral reef community. Stable isotope analysis is a common tool for studying trophic linkages which can be used for studies involving parasites. We examined the stable isotope ecology (13C and 15N) of copepod (Caligus atromaculatus) and monogenean (Neobenedenia sp.) ectoparasites collected from two species of Caribbean acanthurids (Acanthurus coeruleus and Acanthurus bahianus). There were significant intraspecific differences in isotope discrimination factors between parasites collected from the two different host species as well as interspecific differences between parasites collected from the same host species. Discrimination factors for 15N were consistently positive but varied in magnitude depending on host and parasite species and were slightly lower than what would be expected for consumers. The 13C discrimination factors for both monogeneans and copepods collected from A. coeruleus were consistently positive but were negative for copepods collected from A. bahianus. These findings emphasize the complexity of the stable isotope trophic interactions occurring between parasites and their hosts, highlighting the value of these types of host-parasite isotopic studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/d12110429","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, W., Demopoulos, A., Nicholson, M.C., and Sikkel, P.C., 2020, Stable isotope dynamics of herbivorous reef fishes and their ectoparasites: Diversity, v. 12, no. 11, 429, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/d12110429.","productDescription":"429, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121817","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454824,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d12110429","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QE4FW6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stable isotope dynamics of herbivorous reef fishes and their ectoparasites: 2012, 2013, 2018"},{"id":380682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"British Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.06858825683594,\n 18.281518235308905\n ],\n [\n -64.63050842285156,\n 18.281518235308905\n ],\n [\n -64.63050842285156,\n 18.405351676442407\n ],\n [\n -65.06858825683594,\n 18.405351676442407\n ],\n [\n -65.06858825683594,\n 18.281518235308905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, William 0000-0001-5133-2628 wjenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5133-2628","contributorId":206535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"William","email":"wjenkins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":219234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nicholson, Matthew C.","contributorId":169813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sikkel, Paul C.","contributorId":140403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sikkel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13476,"text":"Arkansas State University, State University, AR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216172,"text":"sir20205109 - 2020 - Reducing leaf litter contributions of phosphorus and nitrogen to urban stormwater through municipal leaf collection and street cleaning practices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T21:31:12.15837","indexId":"sir20205109","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-13T14:32:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5109","displayTitle":"Reducing Leaf Litter Contributions of Phosphorus and Nitrogen to Urban Stormwater through Municipal Leaf Collection and Street Cleaning Practices","title":"Reducing leaf litter contributions of phosphorus and nitrogen to urban stormwater through municipal leaf collection and street cleaning practices","docAbstract":"

As the boundaries of urban land use continue to expand, environmental managers are looking for innovative ways to reduce export of nutrients from urban sources. Municipal services such as leaf collection and street cleaning have the potential to reduce nutrient pollution at its source while continuing to offer services valued by residents. This study characterized reductions of total and dissolved forms of phosphorus and nitrogen in stormwater runoff from paired catchments, testing the method and frequency of municipal leaf collection and street cleaning programs.

Overall, the performance of municipal programs was related to the frequency and not the form of treatment. Catchments receiving a weekly street cleaning by a regenerative-air street cleaner had the highest reduction in phosphorus load, ranging from 65 to 71 percent (probability value [p] is less than 0.05) for total phosphorus and 57 to 70 percent (p is less than 0.05) for dissolved phosphorus, regardless of leaf collection method or frequency. Reduction in nitrogen load was generally mixed, with many of the catchments showing no statistically significant changes after treatment. In general, nutrient concentrations, and subsequent percent reduction of nutrient loads, were positively correlated with street tree canopy. Collection of only leaf piles, leaving streets unswept, showed no significant reduction in loads of total or dissolved phosphorus and an 83 percent increase in load of total nitrogen. The majority of nutrient concentrations were in the dissolved fraction making source control through leaf collection and street cleaning more effective at reducing the amount of dissolved nutrients in stormwater runoff than structural practices such as wet detention ponds. Based on the results of this study, municipal leaf management programs would be most effective with weekly street cleaning in areas of high street tree canopy, whereas the method and frequency of leaf pile collection is of less importance to the mitigation of nutrients in stormwater runoff.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205109","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the City of Madison, Fund for Lake Michigan, Yahara Watershed Improvement Network, Dane County Land and Water Resources, Clean Lakes Alliance, League of Wisconsin Municipalities, and DuPage River Salt Creek Workgroup","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., Buer, N.H., Bannerman, R.T., and Gaebler, P., 2020, Reducing leaf litter contributions of phosphorus and nitrogen to urban stormwater through municipal leaf collection and street cleaning practices: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 5109, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205109.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; Appendix; Data Release","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-116819","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380292,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93L2WM1","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Stormwater-quality data in the control and test catchments during the calibration and treatment phase of a leaf collection study in Madison, Fond du Lac, and Oshkosh, Wisconsin, from September 2016 through November 2019"},{"id":380291,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5109/sir20205109_appendix_1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"1.67 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020–5109 Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"— Paired-Basin Nutrient Loads in the Control and Test Catchments During Calibration and Treatment Phases"},{"id":380289,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5109/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":380290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5109/sir20205109.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020–5109"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Fond du Lac, Madison, Oshkosh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 42.98154421882687\n ],\n [\n -89.27490234375,\n 42.98154421882687\n ],\n [\n -89.27490234375,\n 43.1405770781429\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 43.1405770781429\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 42.98154421882687\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.505859375,\n 43.71354951931429\n ],\n [\n -88.37814331054688,\n 43.71354951931429\n ],\n [\n -88.37814331054688,\n 43.804800966308385\n ],\n [\n -88.505859375,\n 43.804800966308385\n ],\n [\n -88.505859375,\n 43.71354951931429\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.61160278320312,\n 43.95822503841972\n ],\n [\n -88.50723266601562,\n 43.95822503841972\n ],\n [\n -88.50723266601562,\n 44.050089820756796\n ],\n [\n -88.61160278320312,\n 44.050089820756796\n ],\n [\n -88.61160278320312,\n 43.95822503841972\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selbig, William R. 0000-0003-1403-8280 wrselbig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-8280","contributorId":877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","email":"wrselbig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buer, Nicolas H. 0000-0002-4369-8715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-8715","contributorId":244667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buer","given":"Nicolas H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":804345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bannerman, Roger T. 0000-0001-9221-2905 rbannerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9221-2905","contributorId":5560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"Roger","email":"rbannerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaebler, Phillip 0000-0002-3652-3626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3652-3626","contributorId":244668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaebler","given":"Phillip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215385,"text":"ofr20201111 - 2020 - Arsenic and uranium occurrence in private wells in Connecticut, 2013–18—A spatially weighted and bedrock geology assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T21:35:07.113539","indexId":"ofr20201111","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-13T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1111","displayTitle":"Arsenic and Uranium Occurrence in Private Wells in Connecticut, 2013–18—A Spatially Weighted and Bedrock Geology Assessment","title":"Arsenic and uranium occurrence in private wells in Connecticut, 2013–18—A spatially weighted and bedrock geology assessment","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Public Health, conducted a study to determine the presence of arsenic and uranium in private drinking water wells in Connecticut. Samples were collected during 2013–18 from wells completed in 115 geologic units, with 2,433 samples analyzed for arsenic and 2,191 samples analyzed for uranium. The study concluded four major findings.

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Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-19","revisedDate":"2020-11-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, Eliza L. 0000-0002-8835-3382 egross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8835-3382","contributorId":430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Eliza","email":"egross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Craig J. 0000-0002-3858-3964 cjbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-3964","contributorId":198350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Craig","email":"cjbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227719,"text":"70227719 - 2020 - Effect of stream permanence on predation risk of lotic crayfish by riparian predators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T13:35:18.953519","indexId":"70227719","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-13T07:32:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of stream permanence on predation risk of lotic crayfish by riparian predators","docAbstract":"

Given the importance of crayfish in stream ecosystems, gaining insight into the role of stream permanence in maintaining predator–prey interactions is critical. Our objectives were to determine the influence of stream permanence and season on crayfish predation and assess the role of stream permanence and crayfish density on the presence of predators, while accounting for imperfect detection. We conducted surveys of crayfish density, mammalian scat, and environmental variables within 10 intermittent and 10 permanent streams in the Ozark Highlands. We used occupancy modeling to assess the relationship between predator presence, crayfish density, and environmental variables. Stream permanence did not play a role in determining relative frequency of occurrence or percent volume of crayfish prey in mammalian diets. However, percent volume and relative frequency of crayfish prey found in scats differed by season, with both highest in spring and summer. The relative frequency and percent volume of fish prey showed a significant interaction of season by stream permanence, which may be the first instance of this observation. Procyon lotor (Raccoon) had the highest detection probability (p = 0.39), whereas Neovison vison (American Mink; p = 0.15) and Lontra canadensis (River Otter; p = 0.03) had low detection probabilities. Further study into predator–prey interactions in the context of hydrology, particularly when related to imperiled groups like freshwater crayfishes, is needed since climate change is expected to alter hydrologic patterns.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1656/058.019.0407","usgsCitation":"Yarra, A., and Magoulick, D.D., 2020, Effect of stream permanence on predation risk of lotic crayfish by riparian predators: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 19, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.019.0407.","productDescription":"19 p.","endPage":"673","numberOfPages":"691","ipdsId":"IP-086933","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 34.63320791137959\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yarra, A.N.","contributorId":272283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarra","given":"A.N.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}