No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1696","usgsCitation":"Lucchitta, B.K., Bowell, J., Edwards, K., Eliason, E.M., and Ferguson, H., 1987, Multispectral Landsat images of Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1696, iii, 21 p. ill. (chiefly col.), map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1696.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p. ill. (chiefly col.), map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":61425,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1696/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1696/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":211445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowell, Jo-Ann","contributorId":103722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowell","given":"Jo-Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, K.L.","contributorId":53864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eliason, E. M.","contributorId":93113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferguson, H.M.","contributorId":61083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":35693,"text":"b1785 - 1987 - Processing and analysis of commercial satellite image data of the nuclear accident near Chernobyl, U.S.S.R.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T14:51:31","indexId":"b1785","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1785","title":"Processing and analysis of commercial satellite image data of the nuclear accident near Chernobyl, U.S.S.R.","docAbstract":"Advanced digital processing techniques were applied to Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data and SPOT highresolution visible (HRV) panchromatic data to maximize the utility of images of a nuclear powerplant emergency at Chernobyl in the Soviet Ukraine. The images demonstrate the unique interpretive capabilities provided by the numerous spectral bands of the Thematic Mapper and the high spatial resolution of the SPOT HRV sensor.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1785","usgsCitation":"Sadowski, F.G., and Covington, S.J., 1987, Processing and analysis of commercial satellite image data of the nuclear accident near Chernobyl, U.S.S.R.: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1785, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1785.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1785/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":63596,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1785/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e502","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sadowski, Franklin G.","contributorId":91552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"Franklin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Covington, Steven J.","contributorId":39436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covington","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29282,"text":"wri874071 - 1987 - Comparison of estimates of evapotranspiration and consumptive use in Palo Verde Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:45","indexId":"wri874071","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4071","title":"Comparison of estimates of evapotranspiration and consumptive use in Palo Verde Valley, California","docAbstract":"Estimates of evapotranspiration and consumptive use by vegetation in Palo Verde Valley, California, were compared for calendar years 1981 to 1984. Vegetation types were classified, and the areas covered by each type were computed from Landsat satellite digital-image analysis. Evapotranspiration was calculated by multiplying the area of each vegetation type by a corresponding water use rate adjusted for year-to-year variations in climate. The vegetation classification slightly underestimates the total vegetated area when compared to crop reports, because not all multiple cropping could be identified. The accuracy of evapotranspiration calculated from vegetation classification depends primarily on the correct classification of alfalfa and cotton because alfalfa and cotton have larger acreages and use more water/acre than the other crops in the valley. Consumptive use was calculated using a water budget for each of the 4 years. Estimates of evapotranspiration and consumptive use by vegetation, respectively, were: (1) 439,400 and 483,500 acre-ft in 1981, (2) 430,700 and 452,700 acre-ft in 1982, (3) 402,000 and 364,400 acre-ft in 1983, and (4) 406,700 and 373,800 acre-ft in 1984. Evapotranspiration estimates were lower than consumptive use estimates in 1981 and 1982 and higher in 1983 and 1984. Both estimates were lower in 1983 and 1984 than in 1981 and 1982. Yearly differences in estimates correspond most closely to significant changes in stage of the lower Colorado River caused by flood control releases in 1983 and 1984 and to changes in cropping practices. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874071","usgsCitation":"Raymond, L.H., and Owen-Joyce, S.J., 1987, Comparison of estimates of evapotranspiration and consumptive use in Palo Verde Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4071, v, 27 p. :ill. (1 col.), maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874071.","productDescription":"v, 27 p. :ill. (1 col.), maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4071/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58127,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4071/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae37f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymond, Lee H.","contributorId":83501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28526,"text":"wri874032 - 1987 - Comparison of irrigation pumpage and change in water storage of the High Plains Aquifer in Castro and Parmer counties, Texas, 1975-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T11:46:22","indexId":"wri874032","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4032","title":"Comparison of irrigation pumpage and change in water storage of the High Plains Aquifer in Castro and Parmer counties, Texas, 1975-83","docAbstract":"An understanding of the relationship between irrigation pumpage and change in ground-water storage was needed to quantify the amount of water returning to the High Plains aquifer as a result of intensive irrigation in Castro and Parmer Counties, Texas. Irrigation pumpage for the 9-year period, 1975-83, was estimated by using the Blaney-Criddle consumptive-use formula adjusted by a factor to account for irrigation demand and field-measured crop applications. Total estimated pumpage for the 9-year period was 11,269,000 acre-feet and 8,914,000 acre-feet. The estimated pumpage was based upon reported crop acreage data and LANDSAT acreage data, respectively.
\nAquifer storage for the same period was estimated as the product of specific yield, net water-level change, and area. Change in storage was 5,168,000 acre-feet. Many of the areas of the largest change in storage also were the areas of the largest saturated thickness. The only locations that did not experience substantial water-level declines were the northwest and northeast parts of the study area.
\nA comparison was made of water returning to the aquifer by calculating the difference between irrigation pumpage and the change in aquifer storage. Two estimates of this comparison, expressed as a percentage of irrigation pumpage, were obtained on the basis of two different sources of acreage data. This comparison was 54 percent of pumpage based on reported crop acreage data and 42 percent of pumpage based on LANDSAT interpreted acreage data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874032","usgsCitation":"Mackey, G.W., 1987, Comparison of irrigation pumpage and change in water storage of the High Plains Aquifer in Castro and Parmer counties, Texas, 1975-83: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4032, v, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874032.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1975-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4032/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57324,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4032/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Castro County, Parmer County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.0352783203125,\n 34.203852139669834\n ],\n [\n -103.0352783203125,\n 34.75289647745205\n ],\n [\n -101.73751831054686,\n 34.75289647745205\n ],\n [\n -101.73751831054686,\n 34.203852139669834\n ],\n [\n -103.0352783203125,\n 34.203852139669834\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeaa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mackey, Gary W.","contributorId":173582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mackey","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4234,"text":"cir986 - 1987 - The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany folio of geologic and mineral resource maps of the Circle quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-22T13:53:20.564963","indexId":"cir986","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"986","title":"The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany folio of geologic and mineral resource maps of the Circle quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"The geology, geochemistry, geophysics, and Landsat imagery of the Circle quadrangle were investigated by an interdisciplinary research team for the purpose of assessing the mineral potential of the area. The quadrangle covers approximately 15,765 km2 in east-central Alaska; most of it is included in the mountainous Yukon-Tanana Upland physiographic division, but the northernmost part is in the low-lying Yukon Flats section. The Circle mining district, in the east-central part of the quadrangle, has been a major producing area of placer gold since its discovery in 1893.
For descriptive purposes, the Circle quadrangle is divided into three areas: the northwest Circle quadrangle, the area north of the Tintina fault zone, and the area south of the Tintina fault zone. The Tintina fault zone extends northwesterly through the northern part of the quadrangle. The northwest Circle quadrangle contains mostly folded and faulted, slightly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks that are intruded by Tertiary granitic plutons. In the northern part of the area north of the Tintina fault zone (Little Crazy Mountains and northern east Crazy Mountains), the rocks consist primarily of the gabbro and basalt of the Circle Volcanics and minor associated chert, graywacke, and limestone. Elsewhere in this area (south of the Circle Volcanics and in the western Crazy Mountains), the rocks are mostly slightly metamorphosed Paleozoic sedimentary rocks that have been folded and faulted. Rocks in the largest part of the quadrangle, the area south of the Tintina fault zone, consist largely of pelitic rocks that are regionally metamorphosed to greenschist and amphibolite facies. Felsic plutons, mostly Tertiary in age, occur throughout the area. The metamorphic rocks are separated from sedimentary rocks on the northwest by thrust faulting.
The aeromagnetic and gravity data show clear differences between the areas north and south of the Tintina fault zone. The metamorphic terrane to the south has low overall gravity and local gravity lows over exposed granitic plutons. It is hypothesized that magnetic chlorite schist infolded with nonmagnetic quartzite and schist account for east-northeast-trending magnetic highs that approximately parallel the regional strike of the most prominent foliation in the metamorphic rocks. North of the Tintina fault zone, the Circle Volcanics are characterized by high gravity and east-west-trending magnetic highs. The Tintina fault zone has an intense magnetic high near the western margin of the Circle quadrangle overlying the magnetic granodiorite of the Victoria Mountain pluton. A magnetic high near Circle Hot Springs is less intense, but broader, and could reflect a buried magnetic pluton similar to that of the Victoria Mountain pluton.
Computer-enhanced Landsat images of the Circle quadrangle show trends and patterns of concentrations of linear features. Features trending northeast-southwest predominate throughout the quadrangle; northwest-southeast-trending linear features are found mostly south of the Tintina fault zone. High concentrations of linear features were not found to correspond to areas of known mineralization in any consistent or significant way that could presently be used in locating areas of mineralization. Geochemical and mineralogical studies of stream sediment and heavy-mineral concentrates from the Circle quadrangle identify areas of anomalous concentrations of metallic elements, including gold, silver, tin, tungsten, lead, antimony, zinc, thorium, uranium, and beryllium. The data delineate areas of known mineral occurrences and areas that may contain undiscovered mineral resources.
To date, placer gold has been the only significant metallic mineral resource from the Circle quadrangle, but the general geologic setting, especially the presence of post-orogenic plutons, is similar to that of regions that contain tin greisen deposits, tungsten skarn deposits, lode gold deposits in metasedimentary rocks, and uranium vein deposits. Six areas or tracts were identified in which such deposits might occur, and two more tracts were delineated as possible for the occurrence of shale-hosted Lead-zinc deposits. The discovery of two diamonds in the gravels of Cooked Creek point to the slight possibility of finding placer or lode diamond deposits.
Although most of the past and present gold mining has taken place in four areas in the quadrangle, a sedimentary basin near the town of Central was identified as possibly containing buried placer gold deposits or sedimentary uranium deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir986","usgsCitation":"Foster, H.L., Menzie, W., Cady, J.W., Simpson, S.L., Aleinikoff, J.N., Wilson, F.H., and Tripp, R.B., 1987, The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program: Background information to accompany folio of geologic and mineral resource maps of the Circle quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 986, iii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir986.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31348,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1987/0986/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1987/0986/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":391760,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24147.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Circle quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 65\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6834b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Helen Laura","contributorId":21936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menzie, W. D.","contributorId":52916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cady, J. W.","contributorId":81892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cady","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simpson, S. L.","contributorId":46508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":148510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":38478,"text":"pp1400C - 1987 - Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"pp1400C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1400","chapter":"C","title":"Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1400C","usgsCitation":"Thelin, G., and Heimes, F., 1987, Mapping irrigated cropland from Landsat data for determination of water use from the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1400, p. C1-C38; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1400C.","productDescription":"p. C1-C38; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104619,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4829.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4829"},{"id":119332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65117,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1400c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0be4b07f02db69de64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thelin, G.P.","contributorId":84421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelin","given":"G.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heimes, F.J.","contributorId":60654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimes","given":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236978,"text":"70236978 - 1987 - Landsat-assisted vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T17:53:01.528118","indexId":"70236978","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-31T12:45:34","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat-assisted vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 5th Scandinavian conference on image analysis, Stockholm, June 2-5, 1987","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"5th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis","conferenceDate":"June 2-5, 1987","conferenceLocation":"Stockholm, Sweden","language":"English","publisher":"SSAB-Svenska Sallskapet for Automatiserand Bildanalys","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., and Markon, C., 1987, Landsat-assisted vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, in Proceedings of the 5th Scandinavian conference on image analysis, Stockholm, June 2-5, 1987, Stockholm, Sweden, June 2-5, 1987, p. 269-277.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"277","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Innoko National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.25,\n 62.6\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 62.6\n ],\n [\n -156,\n 64.00005168835195\n ],\n [\n -160.25,\n 64.00005168835195\n ],\n [\n -160.25,\n 62.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markon, Carl markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":140882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70158918,"text":"70158918 - 1987 - Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T14:09:24.461969","indexId":"70158918","displayToPublicDate":"1987-12-02T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","docAbstract":"Title III of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA, 1980) established the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge (YFNWR). Section 304 of the Act requires the Secretary of Interior to \"prepare, and from time to time revise, a comprehensive conservation plan\" for the refuge. Before developing a plan for the refuge, the Secretary shall \"identify and describe--a) the populations and habitats of the fish and wildlife resources of the refuge; b) the special values of the refuge as well as any other archeological, cultural, ecological, geological , historical, palentological, scenic, or wilderness value of the refuge; c) areas within the refuge that are suitable for use as administrative sites or visitor facilities...; d) present the potential requirements for access with respect to the refuge...; and e) significant problems which may adversely affect the populations and habitats of fish and wildlife identified and described...\" (ANILCA, 1980). Vegetation, water, and terrain (elevation, slope, and aspect) are the components of habitat and can be used in the determination of the above requirements.
\nThe U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) has the responsibility for collecting the resource information to address the research, management, development and planning requirements identified in Section 304. Because of the brief period provided by the Act for data collection, habitat mapping, and habitat assessment, the USFWS in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Field Office, used digital Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and digital terrain data to produce land cover and terrain maps. A computer assisted digital analysis of Landsat MSS data was used because coverage by aerial photographs was incomplete for much of the refuge and because the level of detail obtained from Landsat data was adequate to meet most USFWS research, management and planning needs. Relative cost and time requirements were also factors in the decision to use the digital analysis approach.
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-149.578857421875,\n 65.82528186767406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5614f0e2e4b0ba4884c611f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113309,"text":"70113309 - 1987 - Status of worldwide Landsat archive","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T16:46:55.216102","indexId":"70113309","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T13:04:46","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Status of worldwide Landsat archive","docAbstract":"In cooperation with the International Landsat community, and through the Landsat Technical Working Group (LTWG), NOAA is assembling information about the status of the Worldwide Landsat Archive. During LTWG 9, member nations agreed to participate in a survey of International Landsat data holding and of their archive experiences with Landsat data. The goal of the effort was two-fold; one, to document the Landsat archive to date, and, two, to ensure that specific nations' experience with long-term Landsat archival problems were available to others. The survey requested details such as amount of data held, the format of the archive holdings by Spacecraft/Sensor, and acquisition years; the estimated costs to accumulated process, and replace the data (if necessary); the storage space required, and any member nation's plans that would establish the insurance of continuing quality.
\nAs a group, the LTWG nations are concerned about the characteristics and reliability of long-term magnetic media storage. Each nation's experience with older data retrieval is solicited in the survey. This information will allow nations to anticipate and plan for required changes to their archival holdings.
\nAlso solicited were reports of any upgrades to a nation's archival system that are currently planned and all results of attempts to reduce archive holdings including methodology, current status, and the planned access rates and product support that are anticipated for responding to future archival usage.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Warriner, H.W., 1987, Status of worldwide Landsat archive, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 457-471.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"471","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7837e4b0abf75cf2ce4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warriner, Howard W.","contributorId":46422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warriner","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113303,"text":"70113303 - 1987 - Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T13:02:56","indexId":"70113303","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T12:57:35","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data","docAbstract":"Two factors are primarily responsible for the loss of image sharpness in processing digital Landsat images. The first factor is inherent in the data because the sensor's optics and electronics, along with other sensor elements, blur and smear the data. Digital image restoration can be used to reduce this degradation. The second factor, which further degrades by blurring or aliasing, is the resampling performed during geometric correction.
\nAn image restoration procedure, when used in place of typical resampled techniques, reduces sensor degradation without introducing the artifacts associated with resampling.
\nThe EROS Data Center (EDC) has implemented the restoration proceed for Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) and thematic mapper (TM) data. This capability, developed at the University of Arizona by Dr. Robert Schowengerdt and Lynette Wood, combines restoration and resampling in a single step to produce geometrically corrected MSS and TM imagery. As with resampling, restoration demands a tradeoff be made between aliasing, which occurs when attempting to extract maximum sharpness from an image, and blurring, which reduces the aliasing problem but sacrifices image sharpness. The restoration procedure used at EDC minimizes these artifacts by being adaptive, tailoring the tradeoff to be optimal for individual images.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D., 1987, Image restoration techniques as applied to Landsat MSS and TM data: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 427-427.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"427","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7747e4b0abf75cf2c0da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, David dmeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"David","email":"dmeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113270,"text":"70113270 - 1987 - Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:50:53.638501","indexId":"70113270","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:47:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data","docAbstract":"In 1985, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a research program to produce 1:250,000-scale land cover maps of Alaska using digital Landsat multispectral scanner data and ancillary data and to evaluate the potential of establishing a statewide land cover mapping program using this approach. The geometrically corrected and resampled Landsat pixel data are registered to a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection, along with arc-second digital elevation model data used as an aid in the final computer classification. Areas summaries of the land cover classes are extracted by merging the Landsat digital classification files with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management's Public Land Survey digital file. Registration of the digital land cover data is verified and control points are identified so that a laser plotter can products screened film separate for printing the classification data at map scale directly from the digital file.
\nThe final land cover classification is retained both as a color map at 1:250,000 scale registered to the U.S. Geological Survey base map, with area summaries by township and range on the reverse, and as a digital file where it may be used as a category in a geographic information system.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, K., Doughty, E.F., Shasby, M., Loveland, T., and Benjamin, S., 1987, Producing Alaska interim land cover maps from Landsat digital and ancillary data, in Pecora XI Symposium, p. 339-348.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"348","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77f6e4b0abf75cf2c60e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, Katherine","contributorId":75906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick-Lins","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doughty, Eileen Flanagan","contributorId":83443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughty","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"Flanagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shasby, Mark shasbym@usgs.gov","contributorId":69158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shasby","given":"Mark","email":"shasbym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benjamin, Susan","contributorId":77938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70113258,"text":"70113258 - 1987 - Data integration using color space transforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T11:41:55","indexId":"70113258","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T11:32:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data integration using color space transforms","docAbstract":"The demand for increased spatial resolution without sacrificing spectral discrimination can be fulfilled by integration of data from different sensor systems and satellite programs. Data of high spatial resolution are frequently available in panchromatic (black-and-white) form rather than multispectral. Techniques gave been developed to combine the higher resolution panchromatic data with a multispectral data set of lower spatial resolution.
\nThe standard method of integration modulates the intensity of the mutispectral with the panchromatic data. A less subjective approach uses an algorithm that describes color in terms of intensity (I), hue (H), and saturation (S).
\nCombinations of high resolution panchromatic data (SPOT panchromatic) and lower resolution multispectral data [Landsat thematic mapper (TM), SPOT XS] have been developed. The SPOT data were acquired on April 3, 1986, and the Landsat TM data were acquired on April 5, 1986. The data sets were registered to each other and the multi-spectral data sets were contrast enhanced. The enhanced multispectral data sets were then transformed from red/green/blue (RGB) color space into IHS space. In each case (TM/SPOT panchromatic and SPOT XS/SPOT panchromatic), the SPOT panchromatic data were remapped on a cumulative histogram percentage basis to match the multispectral \"I\" data. These remapped SPOT panchromatic data were substituted for the original multispectral \"I\" and the hybrid IHS data transformed back into RGB space for display.
\nWhile this technique is experimental and still being refined, the results, to date, indicate that the IHS method will be valuable for generating improved images that effectively present both high resolution spatial digital data and multispectral data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Feuquay, J.W., 1987, Data integration using color space transforms: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 326-326.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7665e4b0abf75cf2bf61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feuquay, Jay W.","contributorId":108031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feuquay","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113239,"text":"70113239 - 1987 - New techniques for the quantification and modeling of remotely sensed alteration and linear features in mineral resource assessment studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T10:28:28","indexId":"70113239","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T10:24:35","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New techniques for the quantification and modeling of remotely sensed alteration and linear features in mineral resource assessment studies","docAbstract":"Linear structural features and hydrothermally altered rocks that were interpreted from Landsat data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in regional mineral resource appraisals for more than a decade. In the past, linear features and alterations have been incorporated into models for assessing mineral resources potential by manually overlaying these and other data sets. Recently, USGS research into computer-based geographic information systems (GIS) for mineral resources assessment programs has produced several new techniques for data analysis, quantification, and integration to meet assessment objectives.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Trautwein, C., and Rowan, L.C., 1987, New techniques for the quantification and modeling of remotely sensed alteration and linear features in mineral resource assessment studies: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 86-87.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7786e4b0abf75cf2c16e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trautwein, C. M.","contributorId":86748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trautwein","given":"C. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70113234,"text":"70113234 - 1987 - Application of combined Landsat thematic mapper and airborne thermal infrared multispectral scanner data to lithologic mapping in Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T10:09:21","indexId":"70113234","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T10:02:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of combined Landsat thematic mapper and airborne thermal infrared multispectral scanner data to lithologic mapping in Nevada","docAbstract":"Future Landsat satellites are to include the Thematic Mapper (TM) and also may incorporate additional multispectral scanners. One such scanner being considered for geologic and other applications is a four-channel thermal-infrared multispectral scanner having 60-m spatial resolution. This paper discusses the results of studies using combined Landsat TM and airborne Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) digital data for lithologic discrimination, identification, and geologic mapping in two areas within the Basin and Range province of Nevada. Field and laboratory reflectance spectra in the visible and reflective-infrared and laboratory spectra in the thermal-infrared parts of the spectrum were used to verify distinctions made between rock types in the image data sets.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Podwysocki, M.H., Ehmann, W., and Brickey, D., 1987, Application of combined Landsat thematic mapper and airborne thermal infrared multispectral scanner data to lithologic mapping in Nevada: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 79-82.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.2,34.97 ], [ -116.2,37.52 ], [ -114.73,37.52 ], [ -114.73,34.97 ], [ -116.2,34.97 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae762ce4b0abf75cf2beb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Podwysocki, M. H.","contributorId":70391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehmann, W. J.","contributorId":41836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehmann","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brickey, D.W.","contributorId":34156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brickey","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70113228,"text":"70113228 - 1987 - Mapping contact metamorphic aureoles in Extremadura, Spain, using Landsat thematic mapper images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T09:54:01","indexId":"70113228","displayToPublicDate":"1987-08-01T09:36:53","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3023,"text":"Pecora XI Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping contact metamorphic aureoles in Extremadura, Spain, using Landsat thematic mapper images","docAbstract":"In the Extremadura region of western Spain, Ag, Pb, Zn, and Sn deposits occur in the pieces of late Hercynian granitic plutons and near the pluton contacts in late Proterozoic slate and metagraywacke that have been regionally metamorphosed to the green schist facies. The plutons generally are well exposed and have distinctive geomorphological expression and vegetation; poor exposures of the metasedimentary host rocks and extensive cultivation, however, make delineation of the contact aureoles difficult.
\nLandsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images have been used to distinguish soil developed on the contact metamorphic rocks from soil formed on the stratigraphically equivalent slate-metagraywacke sequence. The mineral constituents of these soils are similar, except that muscovite is more common in the contact metamorphic soil; carbonaceous material is common in both soils. Contact metamorphic soil have lower reflectance, especially in the 1.6-micrometers wavelength region (TM 5), and weaker Al-OH, Mg-OH, and Fe3+ absorption features than do spectra of the slate-metagraywacke soil. The low-reflectance and subdued absorption features exhibited by the contact metamorphic soil spectra are attributed to the high absorption coefficient f the carbonaceous material caused by heating during emplacement of the granitic plutons.
\nThese spectral differences are evident in a TM 4/3, 4/5, 3/1 color-composite image. Initially, this image was used to outline the contact aureoles, but digital classification of the TM data was necessary for generating internally consistent maps of the distribution of the exposed contact metamorphic soil. In an August 1984, TM scene of the Caceras area, the plowed, vegetation-free fields were identified by their low TM 4/3 values. Then, ranges of TM 4/5 and 3/1 values were determine for selected plower fields within and outside the contact aureoles; TM 5 produced results similar to TM 4/5. Field evaluation, supported by X-ray diffraction and petrographic studies, confirmed the presence of more extensive aureoles than shown in published geologic maps; few misclassified areas were noted. Additional plowed fields consisting of exposed contact metamorphic soil were mapped digitally in an August 1985 TM scene.
\nSubsequently, this approach was used to map two 1-km-wide linear zones of contact metamorphosed rock and oil in the San Nicolas-Sn-W Mine area, which is located approximated 125 km southeast of the Caceras study area. Exposures of granite in the San Nicolas area are limited to a few unaltered granitic dikes in the mine and a small exposure of unaltered pegmatite-bearing granite in a quarry about 1.5 km west of the mine. The present of coarsely crystalline biotite and beryl in the granite in the quarry and of contact metamorphosed slate up to 2.5 km from the nearest granite exposure suggest that only the apical part of a pluton is exposed in the quarry and that a larger, shallowly buried body is probably present.
\nThese results indicate that potential application of TM image analysis to mineral exploration in lithologically similar areas that are cultivated in spite of poor rock exposures.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora XI Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., Anton-Pacheco, C., Brickey, D., Kingston, M., and Payas, A., 1987, Mapping contact metamorphic aureoles in Extremadura, Spain, using Landsat thematic mapper images: Pecora XI Symposium, p. 77-78.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","city":"Extremadura","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -7.545,37.941 ], [ -7.545,40.4867 ], [ -4.6476,40.4867 ], [ -4.6476,37.941 ], [ -7.545,37.941 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7772e4b0abf75cf2c130","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anton-Pacheco, C.","contributorId":20485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anton-Pacheco","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brickey, D.W.","contributorId":34156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brickey","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kingston, M.J.","contributorId":88768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingston","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Payas, A.","contributorId":11953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payas","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231787,"text":"70231787 - 1987 - Comparison of the gridded finite element and the polynomial interpolations for geometric rectification and mosaicking of Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:52:18.589032","indexId":"70231787","displayToPublicDate":"1987-03-01T09:40:59","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of the gridded finite element and the polynomial interpolations for geometric rectification and mosaicking of Landsat data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology for the future, applications for today: ASPRS-ACSM Annual Convention","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"ASPRS-ACSM Annual Convention","conferenceDate":"March 29-April 3, 1987","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, Maryland, United States","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Thormodsgard, J.M., and Lillesand, T.M., 1987, Comparison of the gridded finite element and the polynomial interpolations for geometric rectification and mosaicking of Landsat data, in Technology for the future, applications for today: ASPRS-ACSM Annual Convention, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, March 29-April 3, 1987, p. 139-151.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401149,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thormodsgard, June M. thor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thormodsgard","given":"June","email":"thor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":843830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lillesand, T. M.","contributorId":24126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillesand","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200784,"text":"70200784 - 1987 - Snow and ice studies by thematic mapper and multispectral scanner Landsat images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T15:47:08","indexId":"70200784","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T15:46:25","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Snow and ice studies by thematic mapper and multispectral scanner Landsat images","docAbstract":"Digitally enhanced Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images of Antarctica reveal snow and ice features to a detail never seen before in satellite images. The six TM reflective spectral bands have a nominal spatial resolution of 30 m, compared to 80 m for the Multispectral Scanner (MSS). TM bands 2–4 are similar to the MSS bands. TM infra-red bands 5 and 7 discriminate better between clouds and snow than MSS or the lower TM bands. They also reveal snow features related to grain-size and possibly other snow properties. These features are not observed in the visible wavelengths. Large features such as flow lines show best in the MSS and lower TM bands. Their visibility is due to photometric effects on slopes. TM thermal band 6 has a resolution of 120 m. It shows ground radiation temperatures and may serve to detect liquid water and to discriminate between features having similar reflectivities in the other bands, such as blue ice.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.3189/S0260305500000483","usgsCitation":"Orheim, O., and Lucchitta, B.K., 1987, Snow and ice studies by thematic mapper and multispectral scanner Landsat images: Annals of Glaciology, v. 9, p. 109-118, https://doi.org/10.3189/S0260305500000483.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500000483","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c113517e4b034bf6a8278a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orheim, Olav","contributorId":210340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orheim","given":"Olav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":750503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231708,"text":"70231708 - 1987 - An approach for emulating the color balance of Landsat Multispectral Scanner images with AVHRR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T15:51:17.025905","indexId":"70231708","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T10:43:16","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An approach for emulating the color balance of Landsat Multispectral Scanner images with AVHRR data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and ACSM Fall Convention","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and ACSM Fall Convention","conferenceDate":"October 4-9, 1987","conferenceLocation":"Reno, Nevada, United States","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Clark, B.P., Sadowski, F.G., and Johnson, A.J., 1987, An approach for emulating the color balance of Landsat Multispectral Scanner images with AVHRR data, in American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing and ACSM Fall Convention, Reno, Nevada, United States, October 4-9, 1987, p. 331-341.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"341","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, B. P.","contributorId":291955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadowski, F. G.","contributorId":91634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, A. J.","contributorId":146538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13097,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014282,"text":"70014282 - 1987 - The Badain Jaran Desert: Remote sensing investigations.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-15T17:28:07.422816","indexId":"70014282","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1771,"text":"Geographical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Badain Jaran Desert: Remote sensing investigations.","docAbstract":"Approximately half the Badain Jaran Desert in the north-western Alashan Plain of northern China is a sand sea. The remainder is gravel or bedrock. The north-western border of the desert is a playa. The desert has been imaged by both Landsat and the Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-A). Landsat analysis indicates there are two dune patterns in the sand sea, north-east oriented crescentic dunes along the northern and western borders, and complex star dunes in the central and eastern desert. Although the orientation and morphology of the dunes are easily visible on Landsat, they cannot be determined with the radar image obtained from the aspect angle used during the SIR-A mission. An abrupt change in wavelength of the dune pattern near the Badain Jaran Playa is mappable on Landsat, but not seen on the radar image. The playa appears to be considerably larger on radar than on the Landsat, and we may be seeing subsurface penetration of dry surficial sands with the radar. Archaeological evidence suggests the playa was the location of prehistoric and historic human activity. SIR-A data indicate the playa was formerly a considerably larger inland lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/634872","usgsCitation":"Walker, A.S., Olsen, J.W., and Bagen, 1987, The Badain Jaran Desert: Remote sensing investigations.: Geographical Journal, v. 153, no. 2, p. 205-210, https://doi.org/10.2307/634872.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Badain Jaran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 99,\n 42\n ],\n [\n 99,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n 104,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n 104,\n 42\n ],\n [\n 99,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"153","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba693e4b08c986b3211ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, A. S.","contributorId":54978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, J. W.","contributorId":84919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagen","contributorId":128269,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Bagen","id":535139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046376,"text":"70046376 - 1987 - Alaska interim land cover mapping program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T12:47:42","indexId":"70046376","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":311,"text":"Data Users Guide","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7","title":"Alaska interim land cover mapping program","docAbstract":"In order to meet the requirements of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) for comprehensive resource and management plans from all major land management agencies in Alaska, the USGS has begun a program to classify land cover for the entire State using Landsat digital data. Vegetation and land cover classifications, generated in cooperation with other agencies, currently exist for 115 million acres of Alaska. Using these as a base, the USGS has prepared a comprehensive plan for classifying the remaining areas of the State. The development of this program will lead to a complete interim vegetation and land cover classification system for Alaska and allow the dissemination of digital data for those areas classified. At completion, 153 Alaska 1:250,000-scale quadrangles will be published and will include land cover from digital Landsat classifications, statistical summaries of all land cover by township, and computer-compatible tapes. An interagency working group has established an Alaska classification system (table 1) composed of 18 classes modified from \"A land use and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data\" (Anderson and others, 1976), and from \"Revision of a preliminary classification system for vegetation of Alaska\" (Viereck and Dyrness, 1982) for the unique ecoregions which are found in Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/70046376","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987, Alaska interim land cover mapping program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Users Guide 7, iii, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70046376.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"24","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":149,"text":"Branch of Technical Management","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70046376/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":274614,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70046376/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 170.00000,54.666667 ], [ 170.00000,71.833333 ], [ -130.00000,71.833333 ], [ -130.00000,54.666667 ], [ 170.00000,54.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b6f564e4b0097a7158e58d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015204,"text":"70015204 - 1987 - Testing the consistency for mapping urban vegetation with high-altitude aerial photographs and landsat MSS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:37:57","indexId":"70015204","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the consistency for mapping urban vegetation with high-altitude aerial photographs and landsat MSS data","docAbstract":"Two methods of analysis were evaluated for mapping urban vegetation on high-altitude, color-infrared aerial photographs and Landsat MSS data of Syracuse, NY. The first method consisted of defining the spatial patterns (strata) of urban vegetation occurrence. The second method discriminated woody and herbaceous vegetation classes within defined strata. Emphasis was placed on evaluating the consistency of each method. Results indicate that consistent spatial patterns of urban vegetation strata were not achieved on either of the two data types tested due to the spatial complexity of the urban vegetation. However, for discriminating woody and herbaceous vegetation classes within defined strata, good consistency was noted among the interpreters of the high-altitude aerial photographs. The coarse spatial resolution of the Landsat MSS data resulted in low precision for identifying these two vegetation classes in this highly urbanized area. Where photointerpretation efforts are intended for mapping vegetation within numerous urban areas, the estimation of proportions of vegetation classes within defined strata should be a data analysis procedure more objective and consistently repeatable than is the delineation of vegetation patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(87)90050-2","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Sadowski, F.G., Sturdevant, J.A., and Rowntree, R.A., 1987, Testing the consistency for mapping urban vegetation with high-altitude aerial photographs and landsat MSS data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 21, no. 2, p. 129-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(87)90050-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"141","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Syracuse","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 42.9524020856897\n ],\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 43.13907396889933\n ],\n [\n -76.00616455078125,\n 43.13907396889933\n ],\n [\n -76.00616455078125,\n 42.9524020856897\n ],\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 42.9524020856897\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba5d3e4b08c986b320ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sadowski, Franklin G.","contributorId":91552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"Franklin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sturdevant, James A.","contributorId":67563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturdevant","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowntree, Rowan A.","contributorId":37480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowntree","given":"Rowan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014724,"text":"70014724 - 1987 - Higher resolution satellite remote sensing and the impact on image mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T10:12:19","indexId":"70014724","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":626,"text":"Acta Astronautica","printIssn":"0094-5765","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Higher resolution satellite remote sensing and the impact on image mapping","docAbstract":"Recent advances in spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution of civil land remote sensing satellite data are presenting new opportunities for image mapping applications. The U.S. Geological Survey's experimental satellite image mapping program is evolving toward larger scale image map products with increased information content as a result of improved image processing techniques and increased resolution. Thematic mapper data are being used to produce experimental image maps at 1:100,000 scale that meet established U.S. and European map accuracy standards. Availability of high quality, cloud-free, 30-meter ground resolution multispectral data from the Landsat thematic mapper sensor, along with 10-meter ground resolution panchromatic and 20-meter ground resolution multispectral data from the recently launched French SPOT satellite, present new cartographic and image processing challenges.
The need to fully exploit these higher resolution data increases the complexity of processing the images into large-scale image maps. The removal of radiometric artifacts and noise prior to geometric correction can be accomplished by using a variety of image processing filters and transforms. Sensor modeling and image restoration techniques allow maximum retention of spatial and radiometric information. An optimum combination of spectral information and spatial resolution can be obtained by merging different sensor types. These processing techniques are discussed and examples are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0094-5765(87)90109-3","usgsCitation":"Watkins, A.H., and Thormodsgard, J.M., 1987, Higher resolution satellite remote sensing and the impact on image mapping: Acta Astronautica, v. 16, p. 221-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(87)90109-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"232","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3143e4b0c8380cd5dd95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watkins, Allen H.","contributorId":10721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thormodsgard, June M. thor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thormodsgard","given":"June","email":"thor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":369132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015292,"text":"70015292 - 1987 - Landsat Image Map Production Methods at the U. S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-14T19:06:30","indexId":"70015292","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2348,"text":"Journal of Imaging Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat Image Map Production Methods at the U. S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"To maintain consistently high quality in satellite image map production, the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed standard procedures for the photographic and digital production of Landsat image mosaics, and for lithographic printing of multispectral imagery. This paper gives a brief review of the photographic, digital, and lithographic procedures currently in use for producing image maps from Landsat data. It is shown that consistency in the printing of image maps is achieved by standardizing the materials and procedures that affect the image detail and color balance of the final product. Densitometric standards are established by printing control targets using the pressplates, inks, pre-press proofs, and paper to be used for printing.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Imaging Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07473583","usgsCitation":"Kidwell, R., Binnie, D., and Martin, S., 1987, Landsat Image Map Production Methods at the U. S. Geological Survey: Journal of Imaging Technology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 93-96.","startPage":"93","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40dae4b0c8380cd650bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kidwell, R.D.","contributorId":99002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kidwell","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binnie, D.R.","contributorId":49664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binnie","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, S.","contributorId":77658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182502,"text":"70182502 - 1987 - Using a spatial and tabular database to generate statistics from terrain and spectral data for soil surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T15:35:33","indexId":"70182502","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using a spatial and tabular database to generate statistics from terrain and spectral data for soil surveys","docAbstract":"A methodology has been developed to create a spatial database by referencing digital elevation, Landsat multispectral scanner data, and digitized soil premap delineations of a number of adjacent 7.5-min quadrangle areas to a 30-m Universal Transverse Mercator projection. Slope and aspect transformations are calculated from elevation data and grouped according to field office specifications. An unsupervised classification is performed on a brightness and greenness transformation of the spectral data. The resulting spectral, slope, and aspect maps of each of the 7.5-min quadrangle areas are then plotted and submitted to the field office to be incorporated into the soil premapping stages of a soil survey. A tabular database is created from spatial data by generating descriptive statistics for each data layer within each soil premap delineation. The tabular data base is then entered into a data base management system to be accessed by the field office personnel during the soil survey and to be used for subsequent resource management decisions.
Large amounts of data are collected and archived during resource inventories for public land management. Often these data are stored as stacks of maps or folders in a file system in someone's office, with the maps in a variety of formats, scales, and with various standards of accuracy depending on their purpose. This system of information storage and retrieval is cumbersome at best when several categories of information are needed simultaneously for analysis or as input to resource management models. Computers now provide the resource scientist with the opportunity to design increasingly complex models that require even more categories of resource-related information, thus compounding the problem.
Recently there has been much emphasis on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) as an alternative method for map data archives and as a resource management tool. Considerable effort has been devoted to the generation of tabular databases, such as the U.S. Department of Agriculture's SCS/S015 (Soil Survey Staff, 1983), to archive the large amounts of information that are collected in conjunction with mapping of natural resources in an easily retrievable manner.
During the past 4 years the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center, in a cooperative effort with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Soil Conservation Service (SCS), developed a procedure that uses spatial and tabular databases to generate elevation, slope, aspect, and spectral map products that can be used during soil premapping. The procedure results in tabular data, residing in a database management system, that are indexed to the final soil delineations and help quantify soil map unit composition.
The procedure was developed and tested on soil surveys on over 600 000 ha in Wyoming, Nevada, and Idaho. A transfer of technology from the EROS Data Center to the BLM will enable the Denver BLM Service Center to use this procedure in soil survey operations on BLM lands. Also underway is a cooperative effort between the EROS Data Center and SCS to define and evaluate maps that can be produced as derivatives of digital elevation data for 7.5-min quadrangle areas, such as those used during the premapping stage of the soil surveys mentioned above, the idea being to make such products routinely available.
The procedure emphasizes the applications of digital elevation and spectral data to order-three soil surveys on rangelands, and will:
Incorporate digital terrain and spectral data into a spatial database for soil surveys.
Provide hardcopy products (that can be generated from digital elevation model and spectral data) that are useful during the soil pre-mapping process.
Incorporate soil premaps into a spatial database that can be accessed during the soil survey process along with terrain and spectral data.
Summarize useful quantitative information for soil mapping and for making interpretations for resource management.