{"pageNumber":"570","pageRowStart":"14225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46856,"records":[{"id":70104281,"text":"70104281 - 2013 - Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-13T12:56:27","indexId":"70104281","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:51:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities","docAbstract":"Pelagic fish assessments often combine large amounts of acoustic-based fish density data and limited midwater trawl information to estimate species-specific biomass density. We compared the accuracy of five apportionment methods for estimating pelagic fish biomass density using simulated communities with known fish numbers that mimic Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Ontario, representing a range of fish community complexities. Across all apportionment methods, the error in the estimated biomass generally declined with increasing effort, but methods that accounted for community composition changes with water column depth performed best. Correlations between trawl catch and the true species composition were highest when more fish were caught, highlighting the benefits of targeted trawling in locations of high fish density. Pelagic fish surveys should incorporate geographic and water column depth stratification in the survey design, use apportionment methods that account for species-specific depth differences, target midwater trawling effort in areas of high fish density, and include at least 15 midwater trawls. With relatively basic biological information, simulations of fish communities and sampling programs can optimize effort allocation and reduce error in biomass estimates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072","usgsCitation":"Yule, D., Adams, J.V., Warner, D.M., Hrabik, T.R., Kocovsky, P., Weidel, B., Rudstam, L.G., and Sullivan, P., 2013, Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 70, no. 12, p. 1845-1857, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1845","endPage":"1857","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-050720","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287089,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072"}],"volume":"70","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53733ef6e4b04970612788f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yule, Daniel L.","contributorId":92130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, David M. 0000-0003-4939-5368 dmwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":2986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","email":"dmwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick M.","contributorId":89381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick J.","contributorId":97813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048694,"text":"70048694 - 2013 - Wintering and breeding bird monitoring data analysis 2010-2013: San Antonio Missions National Historical Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-10T13:05:00","indexId":"70048694","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:47:39","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":270,"text":"National Park Service Natural Resource Data Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/GULN/NRDS—2013/556","title":"Wintering and breeding bird monitoring data analysis 2010-2013: San Antonio Missions National Historical Park","docAbstract":"Following guidance issued within the Avian Inventory and Monitoring in National Parks of the Gulf Coast Network: Gulf Coast Network Avian Monitoring Plan, 40 point locations were established and monitored within San Antonio Missions National Historical Park. During three breeding seasons (May – Jun) and winters (Dec – Feb) between 2010 and 2013, birds were monitored at 20 or 30 of these point locations via time-distance point counts (breeding) or area searches (winter). To ensure data from all 40 random locations were included in analyses, monitoring data from two consecutive years were combined. As a result, some points were monitored twice during the period of analysis. Even so, I have treated each survey as an independent monitoring event, thereby assuming each visit to be equally representative of the bird community for the entirety of San Antonio Missions National Historical Park. When translating avian densities to park-wide populations, I used an area of 334 ha to represent San Antonio Missions National Historical Park including the Rancho de las Cabras unit.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., 2013, Wintering and breeding bird monitoring data analysis 2010-2013: San Antonio Missions National Historical Park: National Park Service Natural Resource Data Series NPS/GULN/NRDS—2013/556, v, 24 p.","productDescription":"v, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"31","temporalStart":"2010-05-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-025848","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278578,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/App/Reference/Profile/2203425"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"San Antonio Missions National Historical Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.512344,29.311249 ], [ -98.512344,29.431151 ], [ -98.43544,29.431151 ], [ -98.43544,29.311249 ], [ -98.512344,29.311249 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7dbfe4b0b2908510f923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70074055,"text":"70074055 - 2013 - Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T11:56:54","indexId":"70074055","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:41:09","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales","docAbstract":"<p>Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry is a non-invasive technique commonly used to assess hydrogen-bearing fluids in petroleum reservoir rocks. Longitudinal T<sub>1</sub> and transverse T<sub>2</sub> relaxation time measurements made using LF-NMR on conventional reservoir systems provides information on rock porosity, pore size distributions, and fluid types and saturations in some cases. Recent improvements in LF-SNMR instrument electronics have made it possible to apply these methods to assess highly viscous and even solid organic phases within reservoir rocks. T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation responses behave very differently in solids and liquids, therefore the relationship between these two modes of relaxation can be used to differentiate organic phases in rock samples or to characterize extracted organic materials. Using T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> correlation data, organic components present in shales, such as kerogen and bitumen, can be examined in laboratory relaxometry measurements. In addition, implementation of a solid-echo pulse sequence to refocus some types of T<sub>2</sub> relaxation during correlation measurements allows for improved resolution of solid phase photons.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>LF-NMR measurements of T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation time correlations were carried out on raw oil shale samples from resources around the world. These shales vary widely in mineralogy, total organic carbon (TOC) content and kerogen type. NMR results were correlcated with Leco TOC and geochemical data obtained from Rock-Eval. There is excellent correlation between NMR data and programmed pyrolysis parameters, particularly TOC and S2, and predictive capability is also good. To better understand the NMR response, the 2D NMR spectra were compared to similar NMR measurements made using high-field (HF) NMR equipment.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Core Analysts","usgsCitation":"Washburn, K.E., Birdwell, J.E., Seymour, J.D., Kirkland, C., and Vogt, S.J., 2013, Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales, <i>in</i> Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-045577","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scaweb.org/symposium_2013_proceedings.shtml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056de4b0aa26cd7b53c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine","contributorId":82616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70074054,"text":"70074054 - 2013 - NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T11:39:50","indexId":"70074054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:26:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","docAbstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at low field is used extensively to provide porosity and \npore-size distributions in reservoir rocks. For unconventional resources, due to low porosity and \npermeability of the samples, much of the signal exists at very short T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times. In \naddition, the organic content of many shales will also produce signal at short relaxation times. \nDespite recent improvements in low-field technology, limitations still exist that make it difficult \nto account for all hydrogen-rich constituents in very tight rocks, such as shales. The short pulses \nand dead times along with stronger gradients available when using high-field NMR equipment \nprovides a more complete measurement of hydrogen-bearing phases due to the ability to probe \nshorter T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times (<10<sup>-5</sup>\n sec) than can be examined using low-field equipment. Access \nto these shorter T<sub>2</sub> times allows for confirmation of partially resolved peaks observed in low-field \nNMR data that have been attributed to solid organic phases in oil shales. High-field (300 MHz or \n7 T) NMR measurements of spin-spin T<sub>2</sub> and spin-lattice T<sub>1</sub> magnetic relaxation of raw and \nartificially matured oil shales have potential to provide data complementary to low field (2 MHz \nor 0.05T) measurements. Measurements of high-field T<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> correlations are presented. \nThese data can be interpreted in terms of organic matter phases and mineral-bound water known \nto be present in the shale samples, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and \nshow distributions of hydrogen-bearing phases present in the shales that are similar to those \nobserved in low field measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Core Analysts","usgsCitation":"Seymour, J.D., Washburn, K.E., Kirkland, C.M., Vogt, S.J., Birdwell, J.E., and Codd, S.L., 2013, NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field, <i>in</i> Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045781","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scaweb.org/symposium_2013_proceedings.shtml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056fe4b0aa26cd7b53d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine M.","contributorId":67414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Codd, Sarah L.","contributorId":70291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codd","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70171010,"text":"70171010 - 2013 - Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T10:00:25","indexId":"70171010","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","docAbstract":"<p><span>A slug test behaves as a harmonic oscillator, subject to both inertial effects and viscous damping. When viscous and inertial forces are closely balanced, the system is nearly critically damped, and water-level recovery is affected by inertial effects, but does not exhibit oscillation. These effects were investigated by use of type curves, generated both by modification of Kipp's (1985) computer program and by use of the Butler-Zhan (2004) model. Utility of the type curves was verified by re-analysis of the Regina slug test previously analyzed by Kipp. These type curves indicate that near-critical inertial effects result in early-time delayed water-level response followed by merger with, or more rapid recovery than, response for the fully damped case. Because of this early time response, slug tests in the moderately over-damped range are best analyzed using log-log type curves of (1 &minus;</span><i>&nbsp;H</i><span>/</span><i>H</i><span>0</span><span>) vs.&nbsp;</span><i>Tt</i><span>/</span><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://api.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/asset/v1/doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2012.01012.x/asset/equation%2Fgwat1012_mu1.gif?l=j6%2BNsqLlmq%2FmQfl1QGCE0TaRAkVTmoGxSAOc7sP4TM8tzsNQHl4l6HUmaFRwikEHj%2FVqSi8TVqIp%0AG7%2FBJIqfj6bnXKtCVPNm\" alt=\"inline image\" /><span>. Failure to recognize inertial effects in slug test data could result in an over-estimate of transmissivity, and a too-small estimate of storage coefficient or too-large estimate of well skin. However, application of the widely used but highly empirical Hvorslev (1951) method to analyze both the Regina slug test and type-curve generated data indicate that such analyses provide&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;values within a factor of 2 of the true value.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"State Water Control Board","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x","usgsCitation":"Weeks, E.P., and Clark, A.C., 2013, Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response: Groundwater, v. 51, no. 5, p. 775-780, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034442","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d64fde4b07e28b6683dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046791,"text":"70046791 - 2013 - Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T13:30:51","indexId":"70046791","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","docAbstract":"When conducting model averaging for assessing groundwater conceptual model uncertainty, the averaging weights are often evaluated using model selection criteria such as AIC, AICc, BIC, and KIC (Akaike Information Criterion, Corrected Akaike Information Criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Kashyap Information Criterion, respectively). However, this method often leads to an unrealistic situation in which the best model receives overwhelmingly large averaging weight (close to 100%), which cannot be justified by available data and knowledge. It was found in this study that this problem was caused by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>E</sub>, of measurement errors for estimating the negative log likelihood function common to all the model selection criteria. This problem can be resolved by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>ek</sub>, of total errors (including model errors and measurement errors) to account for the correlation between the total errors. An iterative two-stage method was developed in the context of maximum likelihood inverse modeling to iteratively infer the unknown C<sub>ek</sub> from the residuals during model calibration. The inferred C<sub>ek</sub> was then used in the evaluation of model selection criteria and model averaging weights. While this method was limited to serial data using time series techniques in this study, it can be extended to spatial data using geostatistical techniques. The method was first evaluated in a synthetic study and then applied to an experimental study, in which alternative surface complexation models were developed to simulate column experiments of uranium reactive transport. It was found that the total errors of the alternative models were temporally correlated due to the model errors. The iterative two-stage method using C<sub>ek</sub>resolved the problem that the best model receives 100% model averaging weight, and the resulting model averaging weights were supported by the calibration results and physical understanding of the alternative models. Using C<sub>ek</sub> obtained from the iterative two-stage method also improved predictive performance of the individual models and model averaging in both synthetic and experimental studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resource Reseach","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20441","usgsCitation":"Lu, D., Ye, M., Meyer, P., Curtis, G.P., Shi, X., Niu, X., and Yabusaki, S.B., 2013, Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 9, p. 6029-6047, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"6029","endPage":"6047","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-048964","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278962,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441"}],"volume":"49","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5869e4b02d2057dd95d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Dan","contributorId":58176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ye, Ming","contributorId":70276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ye","given":"Ming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Philip D.","contributorId":6363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Philip D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curtis, Gary P. 0000-0003-3975-8882 gpcurtis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-8882","contributorId":2346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"gpcurtis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shi, Xiaoqing","contributorId":54102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Xiaoqing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Niu, Xu-Feng","contributorId":68639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niu","given":"Xu-Feng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yabusaki, Steve B.","contributorId":26961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yabusaki","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70101027,"text":"70101027 - 2013 - Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T10:40:18","indexId":"70101027","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:22:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese","docAbstract":"We evaluated spatial and temporal differences in migratory behavior among different breeding groups of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) using band-recovery data and observations of neck collared geese during migration and winter. Birds from different breeding areas were initially delineated by geographic distance into 6 banding reference areas (BRAs): 1) interior Alaska, 2) North Slope of Alaska, 3) western Northwest Territories (NWT), 4) western Nunavut, 5) central Nunavut, and 6) eastern Nunavut. The banding groups also differed by breeding habitat, with geese from interior Alaska nesting in the boreal forest (taiga), and all other groups breeding in tundra habitats. Geese from interior Alaska migrated earlier during autumn, and were more likely to winter farther south (in Mexico) than geese from other breeding areas. Geese banded in central and eastern Nunavut (Queen Maud Gulf and Inglis River) wintered farther east (in Louisiana) than geese from other breeding areas. Small-scale (within-state) geographic segregation of wintering flocks was evidenced by the recent (post-1990) nearly exclusive use of a new wintering area in north central Texas by geese from interior Alaska. Segregation among BRAs was also apparent in Mexico, where taiga geese were found predominantly in the central Highlands (states of Zacatecas and Durango), whereas tundra geese mostly used states along the Gulf Coast (primarily Tamaulipas). Interior Alaska birds initiated spring migration earlier than geese from other areas, and were more likely than others to stop in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, a region where cholera outbreaks periodically kill thousands of geese. Geese from interior Alaska were the first to arrive at spring staging areas in prairie Canada where BRAs exhibited spatial delineation (a longitudinal cline) in relation to breeding areas. Our results show significant geographic and temporal variation among taiga and tundra breeding cohorts during autumn, winter, and spring. Temporal and spatial differences in migratory behavior may allow management practices that accommodate potential demographic differences between taiga and tundra populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.573","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., Nieman, D.J., Alisauskas, R., Schmutz, J.A., and Hines, J., 2013, Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 77, no. 6, p. 1182-1191, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.573.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1182","endPage":"1191","ipdsId":"IP-026808","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1229275","text":"External Repository"},{"id":285913,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.573"},{"id":285946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada;Mexico;United States","volume":"77","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355943ce4b0120853e8bfa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nieman, Daniel J.","contributorId":22681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieman","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alisauskas, Ray T.","contributorId":20883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alisauskas","given":"Ray T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048258,"text":"70048258 - 2013 - The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-09T13:39:20","indexId":"70048258","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:02:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","docAbstract":"Many studies have shown that lake ice-out (break-up) dates in the Northern Hemisphere are useful indicators of late winter/early spring climate change. Trends in lake ice-out dates in New England, USA, were analyzed for 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 year periods ending in 2008. More than 100 years of ice-out data were available for 19 of the 28 lakes in this study. The magnitude of trends over time depends on the length of the period considered. For the recent 25-year period, there was a mix of earlier and later ice-out dates. Lake ice-outs during the last 50 years became earlier by 1.8 days/decade (median change for all lakes with adequate data). This is a much higher rate than for longer historical periods; ice-outs became earlier by 0.6 days/decade during the last 75 years, 0.4 days/ decade during the last 100 years, and 0.6 days/decade during the last 125 years. The significance of trends was assessed under the assumption of serial independence of historical ice-out dates and under the assumption of short and long term persistence. Hypolimnion dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are an important factor in lake eutrophication and coldwater fish survival. Based on historical data available at three lakes, 32 to 46 % of the interannual variability of late summer hypolimnion DO levels was related to ice-out dates; earlier ice-outs were associated with lower DO levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., 2013, The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England: Climatic Change, v. 119, p. 705-718, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"718","ipdsId":"IP-015081","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277956,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine;Massachusetts;New Hampshire;Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6e69e4b097188d6c7713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048054,"text":"70048054 - 2013 - Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-10T10:00:24","indexId":"70048054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite","docAbstract":"Phase equilibrium experiments on a compositionally modified olivine leucitite from the Tibetan plateau have been carried out from 2.2 to 2.8 GPa and 1,380–1,480 °C. The experiments-produced liquids multiply saturated with spinel and garnet lherzolite phase assemblages (olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel ± garnet) under nominally anhydrous conditions. These SiO<sub>2</sub>-undersaturated liquids and published experimental data are utilized to develop a predictive model for garnet lherzolite melting of compositionally variable mantle under anhydrous conditions over the pressure range of 1.9–6 GPa. The model estimates the major element compositions of garnet-saturated melts for a range of mantle lherzolite compositions and predicts the conditions of the spinel to garnet lherzolite phase transition for natural peridotite compositions at above-solidus temperatures and pressures. We compare our predicted garnet lherzolite melts to those of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite and develop criteria for distinguishing among melts of these different source types. We also use the model in conjunction with a published predictive model for plagioclase and spinel lherzolite to characterize the differences in major element composition for melts in the plagioclase, spinel and garnet facies and develop tests to distinguish between melts of these three lherzolite facies based on major elements. The model is applied to understand the source materials and conditions of melting for high-K lavas erupted in the Tibetan plateau, basanite–nephelinite lavas erupted early in the evolution of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, as well as younger tholeiitic to alkali lavas from Kilauea.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9","usgsCitation":"Grove, T., Holbig, E.S., Barr, J.A., Till, C.B., and Krawczynski, M., 2013, Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 166, no. 3, p. 887-910, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"887","endPage":"910","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-046062","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103411","text":"External Repository"},{"id":277442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277412,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f64e4b04b8e63a2064b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grove, Timothy L.","contributorId":68546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Timothy L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holbig, Eva S.","contributorId":62511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbig","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barr, Jay A.","contributorId":95371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Till, Christy B. cbtill@usgs.gov","contributorId":4394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Christy","email":"cbtill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krawczynski, Michael J.","contributorId":75425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krawczynski","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70094676,"text":"70094676 - 2013 - Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T09:53:49","indexId":"70094676","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"We combined aeromagnetic, induced polarization, magnetotelluric, and gravity surveys as well as drillhole geologic, alteration, magnetic susceptibility, and density data for exploration and characterization of the Cu-Au-Mo Pebble porphyry deposit. This undeveloped deposit is almost completely concealed by postmineralization sedimentary and volcanic rocks, presenting an exploration challenge. Individual geophysical methods primarily assist regional characterization. Positive chargeability and conductivity anomalies are observed over a broad region surrounding the deposit, likely representing sulfide minerals that accumulated during multiple stages of hydrothermal alteration. The mineralized area occupies only a small part of the chargeability anomaly because sulfide precipitation was not unique to the deposit, and mafic rocks also exhibit strong chargeability. Conductivity anomalies similarly reflect widespread sulfides as well as water-saturated glacial sediments. Mineralogical and magnetic susceptibility data indicate magnetite destruction primarily within the Cu-Au-Mo mineralized area. The magnetic field does not show a corresponding anomaly low but the analytic signal does in areas where the deposit is not covered by postmineralization igneous rocks. The analytic signal shows similar lows over sedimentary rocks outside of the mineralized area, however, and cannot uniquely distinguish the deposit. We find that the intersection of positive chargeability anomalies with analytic signal lows, indicating elevated sulfide concentrations but low magnetite at shallow depths, roughly delineates the deposit where it is covered only by glacial sediments. Neither chargeability highs nor analytic signal lows are present where the deposit is covered by several hundred meters of sedimentary and volcanic rocks, but a 3D resistivity model derived from magnetotelluric data shows a corresponding zone of higher conductivity. Gravity data highlight geologic features within the deposit, including shallow diorite sills that locally contain higher-grade mineralization. The results thus show ways in which an integrated survey approach might be used to distinguish zones of potentially economic mineralization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2013-0046.1","usgsCitation":"Shah, A.K., Bedrosian, P.A., Anderson, E.D., Kelley, K., and Lang, J., 2013, Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska: Geophysics, v. 78, no. 5, p. 317-328, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043864","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282664,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kahiltna Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd62b0e4b0b290850fe596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lang, James","contributorId":15931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70104148,"text":"70104148 - 2013 - Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-12T09:46:19","indexId":"70104148","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary","docAbstract":"The current study documents the fate of current-use pesticides in an agriculturally-dominated central California coastal estuary by focusing on the occurrence in water, sediment and tissue of resident aquatic organisms. Three fungicides (azoxystrobin, boscalid, and pyraclostrobin), one herbicide (propyzamide) and two organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) were detected frequently. Dissolved pesticide concentrations in the estuary corresponded to the timing of application while bed sediment pesticide concentrations correlated with the distance from potential sources. Fungicides and insecticides were detected frequently in fish and invertebrates collected near the mouth of the estuary and the contaminant profiles differed from the sediment and water collected. This is the first study to document the occurrence of many current-use pesticides, including fungicides, in tissue. Limited information is available on the uptake, accumulation and effects of current-use pesticides on non-target organisms. Additional data are needed to understand the impacts of pesticides, especially in small agriculturally-dominated estuaries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Kuivila, K., Orlando, J., Phillips, B.M., Anderson, B.S., Siegler, K., Hunt, J.W., and Hamilton, M., 2013, Environmental fate of fungicides and other current-use pesticides in a central California estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 73, no. 1, p. 144-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-043831","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287045,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.7961,34.4986 ], [ -120.7961,35.0952 ], [ -119.3953,35.0952 ], [ -119.3953,34.4986 ], [ -120.7961,34.4986 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5371ed70e4b0844954788413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L.","contributorId":16105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Bryn M.","contributorId":77053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Bryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Brian S.","contributorId":42882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siegler, Katie","contributorId":54893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegler","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hunt, John W.","contributorId":50445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hamilton, Mary","contributorId":86696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70074635,"text":"70074635 - 2013 - Recent land-use/land-cover change in the Central California Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-31T09:33:11","indexId":"70074635","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:22:30","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2367,"text":"Journal of Land Use Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent land-use/land-cover change in the Central California Valley","docAbstract":"Open access to Landsat satellite data has enabled annual analyses of modern land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) for the Central California Valley ecoregion between 2005 and 2010. Our annual LULCC estimates capture landscape-level responses to water policy changes, climate, and economic instability. From 2005 to 2010, agriculture in the region fluctuated along with regulatory-driven changes in water allocation as well as persistent drought conditions. Grasslands and shrublands declined, while developed lands increased in former agricultural and grassland/shrublands. Development rates stagnated in 2007, coinciding with the onset of the historic foreclosure crisis in California and the global economic downturn. We utilized annual LULCC estimates to generate interval-based LULCC estimates (2000–2005 and 2005–2010) and extend existing 27 year interval-based land change monitoring through 2010. Resulting change data provides insights into the drivers of landscape change in the Central California Valley ecoregion and represents the first, continuous, 37 year mapping effort of its kind.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Land Use Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/1747423X.2013.841297","usgsCitation":"Soulard, C.E., and Wilson, T.S., 2013, Recent land-use/land-cover change in the Central California Valley: Journal of Land Use Science, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2013.841297.","productDescription":"22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-041215","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423x.2013.841297","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281790,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2013.841297"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central California Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.62,34.86 ], [ -121.62,39.22 ], [ -119.18,39.22 ], [ -119.18,34.86 ], [ -121.62,34.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6f50e4b0b29085106578","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Tamara S.","contributorId":36640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70128147,"text":"70128147 - 2013 - Projecting demographic responses to climate change: adult and juvenile survival respond differently to direct and indirect effects of weather in a passerine population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-07T09:22:14","indexId":"70128147","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projecting demographic responses to climate change: adult and juvenile survival respond differently to direct and indirect effects of weather in a passerine population","docAbstract":"Few studies have quantitatively projected changes in demography in response to climate change, yet doing so can provide important insights into the processes that may lead to population declines and changes in species distributions. Using a long-term mark-recapture data set, we examined the influence of multiple direct and indirect effects of weather on adult and juvenile survival for a population of Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in California. We found evidence for a positive, direct effect of winter temperature on adult survival, and a positive, indirect effect of prior rainy season precipitation on juvenile survival, which was consistent with an effect of precipitation on food availability during the breeding season. We used these relationships, and climate projections of significantly warmer and slightly drier winter weather by the year 2100, to project a significant increase in mean adult survival (12-17%) and a slight decrease in mean juvenile survival (4-6%) under the B1 and A2 climate change scenarios. Together with results from previous studies on seasonal fecundity and postfledging survival in this population, we integrated these results in a population model and projected increases in the population growth rate under both climate change scenarios. Our results underscore the importance of considering multiple, direct, and indirect effects of weather throughout the annual cycle, as well as differences in the responses of each life stage to climate change. Projecting demographic responses to climate change can identify not only how populations will be affected by climate change but also indicate the demographic process(es) and specific mechanisms that may be responsible. This information can, in turn, inform climate change adaptation plans, help prioritize future research, and identify where limited conservation resources will be most effectively and efficiently spent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12228","usgsCitation":"Dybala, K.E., Eadie, J.M., Gardali, T., Seavy, N.E., and Herzog, M., 2013, Projecting demographic responses to climate change: adult and juvenile survival respond differently to direct and indirect effects of weather in a passerine population: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 2688-2697, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12228.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2688","endPage":"2697","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-037635","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294952,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12228"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"19","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543500b6e4b0a4f4b46a23c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dybala, Kristen E.","contributorId":64168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dybala","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eadie, John M.","contributorId":34067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eadie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6961,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardali, Thomas","contributorId":10356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardali","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seavy, Nathaniel E.","contributorId":58964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seavy","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. mherzog@usgs.gov","contributorId":3965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark P.","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70095255,"text":"70095255 - 2013 - A generalized Grubbs-Beck test statistic for detecting multiple potentially influential low outliers in flood series","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-04T08:17:54","indexId":"70095255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T08:13:52","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A generalized Grubbs-Beck test statistic for detecting multiple potentially influential low outliers in flood series","docAbstract":"he Grubbs-Beck test is recommended by the federal guidelines for detection of low outliers in flood flow frequency computation in the United States. This paper presents a generalization of the Grubbs-Beck test for normal data (similar to the Rosner (1983) test; see also Spencer and McCuen (1996)) that can provide a consistent standard for identifying multiple potentially influential low flows. In cases where low outliers have been identified, they can be represented as “less-than” values, and a frequency distribution can be developed using censored-data statistical techniques, such as the Expected Moments Algorithm. This approach can improve the fit of the right-hand tail of a frequency distribution and provide protection from lack-of-fit due to unimportant but potentially influential low flows (PILFs) in a flood series, thus making the flood frequency analysis procedure more robust.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20392","usgsCitation":"Cohn, T., England, J., Berenbrock, C., Mason, R., Stedinger, J., and Lamontagne, J., 2013, A generalized Grubbs-Beck test statistic for detecting multiple potentially influential low outliers in flood series: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 8, p. 5047-5058, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20392.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5047","endPage":"5058","ipdsId":"IP-042563","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20392","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283197,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20392"}],"volume":"49","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd49dae4b0b290850ef6be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohn, T.A.","contributorId":84789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"England, J.F.","contributorId":47687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"England","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berenbrock, C. E.","contributorId":103321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"C. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mason, R.R.","contributorId":34520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stedinger, J.R.","contributorId":90733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lamontagne, J.R.","contributorId":56148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamontagne","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189243,"text":"70189243 - 2013 - U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T12:33:05","indexId":"70189243","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">As part of the Geologic Waste Management Facility feasibility study, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL) is evaluating the suitability of the Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) site in Ontario, situated in crystalline rock of the southwestern Grenville Province, for the possible development of an underground repository for low- and intermediate-level nuclear waste. This paper presents petrographic and trace element analyses, U–Pb zircon dating results, and Rb–Sr, U–Pb and U-series isotopic analyses of gneissic drill core samples from the deep CRG-series characterization boreholes at the CRL site. The main rock types intersected in the boreholes include hornblende–biotite (±pyroxene) gneisses of granitic to granodioritic composition, leucocratic granitic gneisses with sparse mafic minerals, and garnet-bearing gneisses with variable amounts of biotite and/or hornblende. The trace element data for whole-rock samples plot in the fields of within-plate, syn-collision, and volcanic arc-type granites in discrimination diagrams used for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">Zircons separated from biotite gneiss and metagranite samples yielded SHRIMP-RG U–Pb ages of 1472&nbsp;±&nbsp;14 (2<i>σ</i>) and 1045&nbsp;±&nbsp;6&nbsp;Ma, respectively, in very good agreement with widespread Early Mesoproterozoic plutonic ages and Ottawan orogeny ages in the Central Gneiss Belt. The Rb–Sr, U–Pb, and Pb–Pb whole-rock errorchron apparent ages of most of the CRL gneiss samples are consistent with zircon U–Pb age and do not indicate substantial large-scale preferential element mobility during superimposed metamorphic and water/rock interaction processes. This may confirm the integrity of the rock mass, which is a positive attribute for a potential nuclear waste repository. Most<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U activity ratios (AR) in whole rock samples are within errors of the secular equilibrium value of one, indicating that the rocks have not experienced any appreciable U loss or gain within the past 1&nbsp;Ma. However,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U AR in fracture mineral samples collected down to borehole lengths of about 740&nbsp;m deviate from the secular equilibrium value and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U model ages calculated for fracture mineral samples showing excess<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>234</sup>U range from 593 to 1415&nbsp;ka, thus providing evidence of fracture flow in the associated bedrock during the past 1.5&nbsp;Ma. Rare earth element patterns are variable in fracture-filling calcites and Fe oxides/hydroxides but are similar to those observed in associated whole-rock samples. The observed Ce anomalies are very small (<span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math class=&quot;math&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><msub is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>Ce</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>N</mtext></mrow></msub><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>/</mo><msubsup is=&quot;true&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>Ce</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mtext is=&quot;true&quot;>N</mtext></mrow><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2217;</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2248;</mo><mn is=&quot;true&quot;>1</mn></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">CeN/CeN∗≈1</span></span>), do not vary with depth, and, therefore, do not contain evidence that the studied fracture minerals precipitated from oxidizing waters at the conceptual depth of a repository.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.06.004","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., Peterman, Z., Moscati, R.J., and Thivierge, R.H., 2013, U–Pb, Rb–Sr, and U-series isotope geochemistry of rocks and fracture minerals from the Chalk River Laboratories site, Grenville Province, Ontario, Canada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 36, p. 10-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.06.004.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-038522","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Grenville Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.35816955566406,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.35816955566406,\n              46.087043114904986\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.087043114904986\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.45223999023436,\n              46.02700510334968\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c43e4b0d1f9f057e366","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. 0000-0003-4190-0278 lneymark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":140338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid A.","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterman, Zell E. 0000-0002-5694-8082 peterman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-8082","contributorId":620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Zell E.","email":"peterman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moscati, Richard J. 0000-0002-0818-4401 rmoscati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-4401","contributorId":2462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moscati","given":"Richard","email":"rmoscati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thivierge, R. H.","contributorId":194312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thivierge","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70148160,"text":"70148160 - 2013 - Mapping risk for nest predation on a barrier island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T11:12:04","indexId":"70148160","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2219,"text":"Journal of Coastal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping risk for nest predation on a barrier island","docAbstract":"<p><span>Barrier islands and coastal beach systems provide nesting habitat for marine and estuarine turtles. Densely settled coastal areas may subsidize nest predators. Our purpose was to inform conservation by providing a greater understanding of habitat-based risk factors for nest predation, for an estuarine turtle. We expected that habitat conditions at predated nests would differ from random locations at two spatial extents. We developed and validated an island-wide model for the distribution of predated Diamondback terrapin nests using locations of 198 predated nests collected during exhaustive searches at Fisherman Island National Wildlife&nbsp;</span><a class=\"reference-link webtrekk-track\" href=\"http://link.springer.com/search?dc.title=Refuge&amp;facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&amp;sortOrder=relevance\">Refuge</a><span>, USA. We used aerial photographs to identify all areas of possible nesting habitat and searched each and surrounding environments for nests, collecting location and random-point microhabitat data. We built models for the probability of finding a predated nest using an equal number of random points and validated them with a reserve set (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">N</i><span>&thinsp;=&thinsp;67). Five variables in 9 a priori models were used and the best selected model (AIC weight 0.98) reflected positive associations with sand patches near marshes and roadways. Model validation had an average capture rate of predated nests of 84.14&nbsp;% (26.17&ndash;97.38&nbsp;%, Q1 77.53&nbsp;%, median 88.07&nbsp;%, Q3 95.08&nbsp;%). Microhabitat selection results suggest that nests placed at the edges of sand patches adjacent to upland shrub/forest and marsh systems are vulnerable to predation. Forests and marshes provide cover and alternative resources for predators and roadways provide access; a suggestion is to focus nest protection efforts on the edges of dunes, near dense vegetation and roads.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11852-013-0260-5","usgsCitation":"Hackney, A.D., Baldwin, R.F., and Jodice, P.G., 2013, Mapping risk for nest predation on a barrier island: Journal of Coastal Conservation, v. 17, no. 3, p. 615-621, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-013-0260-5.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"621","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045886","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.98505020141602,\n              37.0818864912263\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.98505020141602,\n              37.11241953906062\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.93732833862305,\n              37.11241953906062\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.93732833862305,\n              37.0818864912263\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.98505020141602,\n              37.0818864912263\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566eadde4b0d9246a9ec2f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackney, Amanda D.","contributorId":140958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hackney","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, Robert F.","contributorId":96415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70137560,"text":"70137560 - 2013 - Ultimate pier and contraction scour prediction in cohesive soils at selected bridges in Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-05T15:06:17","indexId":"70137560","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3875,"text":"Illinois Center for Transportation Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"seriesNumber":"FHWA‐ICT‐13‐025","title":"Ultimate pier and contraction scour prediction in cohesive soils at selected bridges in Illinois","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Scour Rate In COhesive Soils-Erosion Function Apparatus (SRICOS-EFA) method includes an ultimate scour prediction that is the equilibrium maximum pier and contraction scour of cohesive soils over time. The purpose of this report is to present the results of testing the ultimate pier and contraction scour methods for cohesive soils on 30 bridge sites in Illinois. Comparison of the ultimate cohesive and noncohesive methods, along with the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) cohesive soil reduction-factor method and measured scour are presented. Also, results of the comparison of historic IDOT laboratory and field values of unconfined compressive strength of soils (Qu) are presented. The unconfined compressive strength is used in both ultimate cohesive and reduction-factor methods, and knowing how the values from field methods compare to the laboratory methods is critical to the informed application of the methods. On average, the non-cohesive method results predict the highest amount of scour, followed by the reduction-factor method results; and the ultimate cohesive method results predict the lowest amount of scour. The 100-year scour predicted for the ultimate cohesive, noncohesive, and reduction-factor methods for each bridge site and soil are always larger than observed scour in this study, except 12% of predicted values that are all within 0.4 ft of the observed scour. The ultimate cohesive scour prediction is smaller than the non-cohesive scour prediction method for 78% of bridge sites and soils. Seventy-six percent of the ultimate cohesive predictions show a 45% or greater reduction from the non-cohesive predictions that are over 10 ft. Comparing the ultimate cohesive and reduction-factor 100-year scour predictions methods for each bridge site and soil, the scour predicted by the ultimate cohesive scour prediction method is less than the reduction-factor 100-year scour prediction method for 51% of bridge sites and soils. Critical shear stress remains a needed parameter in the ultimate scour prediction for cohesive soils. The unconfined soil compressive strength measured by IDOT in the laboratory was found to provide a good prediction of critical shear stress, as measured by using the erosion function apparatus in a previous study. Because laboratory Qu analyses are time-consuming and expensive, the ability of field-measured Rimac data to estimate unconfined soil strength in the critical shear&ndash;soil strength relation was tested. A regression analysis was completed using a historic IDOT dataset containing 366 data pairs of laboratory Qu and field Rimac measurements from common sites with cohesive soils. The resulting equations provide a point prediction of Qu, given any Rimac value with the 90% confidence interval. The prediction equations are not significantly different from the identity Qu = Rimac. The alternative predictions of ultimate cohesive scour presented in this study assume Qu will be estimated using Rimac measurements that include computed uncertainty. In particular, the ultimate cohesive predicted scour is greater than observed scour for the entire 90% confidence interval range for predicting Qu at the bridges and soils used in this study, with the exception of the six predicted values that are all within 0.6 ft of the observed scour.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Illinois Center for Transportation","usgsCitation":"Straub, T., Over, T.M., and Domanski, M.M., 2013, Ultimate pier and contraction scour prediction in cohesive soils at selected bridges in Illinois: Illinois Center for Transportation Series FHWA‐ICT‐13‐025, iii, 40 p.","productDescription":"iii, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040456","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297093,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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tdstraub@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-0851","contributorId":2273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"Timothy D.","email":"tdstraub@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Over, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8280-4368 tmover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-4368","contributorId":1819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","email":"tmover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domanski, Marian M. 0000-0002-0468-314X 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,{"id":70148139,"text":"70148139 - 2013 - A spatial capture-recapture model to estimate fish survival and location from linear continuous monitoring arrays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T14:21:13","indexId":"70148139","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spatial capture-recapture model to estimate fish survival and location from linear continuous monitoring arrays","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a spatial capture&ndash;recapture model to evaluate survival and activity centres (i.e., mean locations) of tagged individuals detected along a linear array. Our spatially explicit version of the Cormack&ndash;Jolly&ndash;Seber model, analyzed using a Bayesian framework, correlates movement between periods and can incorporate environmental or other covariates. We demonstrate the model using 2010 data for anadromous American shad (</span><i>Alosa sapidissima</i><span>) tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT) at a weir near the mouth of a North Carolina river and passively monitored with an upstream array of PIT antennas. The river channel constrained migrations, resulting in linear, one-dimensional encounter histories that included both weir captures and antenna detections. Individual activity centres in a given time period were a function of the individual&rsquo;s previous estimated location and the river conditions (i.e., gage height). Model results indicate high within-river spawning mortality (mean weekly survival = 0.80) and more extensive movements during elevated river conditions. This model is applicable for any linear array (e.g., rivers, shorelines, and corridors), opening new opportunities to study demographic parameters, movement or migration, and habitat use.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0198","usgsCitation":"Raabe, J.K., Gardner, B., and Hightower, J.E., 2013, A spatial capture-recapture model to estimate fish survival and location from linear continuous monitoring arrays: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 1, p. 120-130, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0198.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044001","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Little 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,{"id":70143408,"text":"70143408 - 2013 - Extreme rainfall, vulnerability and risk: a continental-scale assessment for South America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T09:18:56","indexId":"70143408","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3047,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extreme rainfall, vulnerability and risk: a continental-scale assessment for South America","docAbstract":"<p><span>Extreme weather continues to preoccupy society as a formidable public safety concern bearing huge economic costs. While attention has focused on global climate change and how it could intensify key elements of the water cycle such as precipitation and river discharge, it is the conjunction of geophysical and socioeconomic forces that shapes human sensitivity and risks to weather extremes. We demonstrate here the use of high-resolution geophysical and population datasets together with documentary reports of rainfall-induced damage across South America over a multi-decadal, retrospective time domain (1960&ndash;2000). We define and map extreme precipitation&nbsp;</span><i>hazard</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>exposure</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>affected</i><span>populations,&nbsp;</span><i>vulnerability</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>risk</i><span>, and use these variables to analyse the impact of floods as a water security issue. Geospatial experiments uncover major sources of risk from natural climate variability and population growth, with change in climate extremes bearing a minor role. While rural populations display greatest relative sensitivity to extreme rainfall, urban settings show the highest rates of increasing risk. In the coming decades, rapid urbanization will make South American cities the focal point of future climate threats but also an opportunity for reducing vulnerability, protecting lives and sustaining economic development through both traditional and ecosystem-based disaster risk management systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2012.0408","usgsCitation":"Vorosmarty, C.J., de Guenni, L.B., Wollheim, W.M., Pellerin, B.A., Bjerklie, D.M., Cardoso, M., D’Almeida, C., and Colon, L., 2013, Extreme rainfall, vulnerability and risk: a continental-scale assessment for South America: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, no. 371, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0408.","productDescription":"17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043036","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              -55.27911529201562\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              13.581920900545844\n            ],\n            [\n              -34.62890625,\n              13.581920900545844\n            ],\n            [\n              -34.62890625,\n              -55.27911529201562\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              -55.27911529201562\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  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Lilybeth","contributorId":139744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colon","given":"Lilybeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12901,"text":"City College of New York, Civil Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70047932,"text":"70047932 - 2013 - Intrusive dike complexes, cumulate cores, and the extrusive growth of Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-30T16:21:29","indexId":"70047932","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-30T16:18:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intrusive dike complexes, cumulate cores, and the extrusive growth of Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"The Hawaiian Islands are the most geologically studied hot-spot islands in the world yet surprisingly, the only large-scale compilation of marine and land gravity data is more than 45 years old. Early surveys served as reconnaissance studies only, and detailed analyses of the crustal-density structure have been limited. Here we present a new chain-wide gravity compilation that incorporates historical island surveys, recently published work on the islands of Hawai‘i, Kaua‘i, and Ni‘ihau, and >122,000 km of newly compiled marine gravity data. Positive residual gravity anomalies reflect dense intrusive bodies, allowing us to locate current and former volcanic centers, major rift zones, and a previously suggested volcano on Ka‘ena Ridge. By inverting the residual gravity data, we generate a 3-D view of the dense, intrusive complexes and olivine-rich cumulate cores within individual volcanoes and rift zones. We find that the Hāna and Ka‘ena ridges are underlain by particularly high-density intrusive material (>2.85 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) not observed beneath other Hawaiian rift zones. Contrary to previous estimates, volcanoes along the chain are shown to be composed of a small proportion of intrusive material (<30% by volume), implying that the islands are predominately built extrusively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Flinders, A., Ito, G., Garcia, M.O., Sinton, J.M., Kauahikaua, J., and Taylor, B., 2013, Intrusive dike complexes, cumulate cores, and the extrusive growth of Hawaiian volcanoes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, no. 13, p. 3367-3373.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3367","endPage":"3373","ipdsId":"IP-048832","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277198,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/grl.50633/abstract"},{"id":277224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -178.31,18.91 ], [ -178.31,28.4 ], [ -154.81,28.4 ], [ -154.81,18.91 ], [ -178.31,18.91 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221b0e8e4b001cbb8a34e9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flinders, Ashton F.","contributorId":53276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flinders","given":"Ashton F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ito, Garrett","contributorId":67396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ito","given":"Garrett","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":51636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sinton, John M. 0000-0003-0883-5013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-5013","contributorId":93554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kauahikaua, Jim","contributorId":47366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, Brian","contributorId":77448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70047925,"text":"sir20135141 - 2013 - Comparison of methods for predicting shear-wave velocities of unconsolidated shallow sediments in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-04T15:20:02","indexId":"sir20135141","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-30T12:26:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5141","title":"Comparison of methods for predicting shear-wave velocities of unconsolidated shallow sediments in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Accurate shear-wave velocities for shallow sediments are important for a variety of seismic applications such as inver-sion and amplitude versus offset analysis. During the U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II, shear-wave velocities were measured at six wells in the Gulf of Mexico using the logging-while-drilling SonicScope acoustic tool. Because the tool measurement point was only 35 feet from the drill bit, the adverse effect of the borehole condition, which is severe for the shallow unconsolidated sediments in the Gulf of Mexico, was mini-mized and accurate shear-wave velocities of unconsolidated sediments were measured. Measured shear-wave velocities were compared with the shear-wave velocities predicted from the compressional-wave velocities using empirical formulas and the rock physics models based on the Biot-Gassmann theory, and the effectiveness of the two prediction methods was evaluated. Although the empirical equation derived from measured shear-wave data is accurate for predicting shear-wave velocities for depths greater than 500 feet in these wells, the three-phase Biot-Gassmann-theory -based theory appears to be optimum for predicting shear-wave velocities for shallow unconsolidated sediments in the Gulf of Mexico.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135141","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., 2013, Comparison of methods for predicting shear-wave velocities of unconsolidated shallow sediments in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5141, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135141.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135141.gif"},{"id":277189,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5141/"},{"id":277190,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5141/pdf/SIR13-5141.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.86,18.18 ], [ -97.86,30.4 ], [ -81.04,30.4 ], [ -81.04,18.18 ], [ -97.86,18.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221b0e9e4b001cbb8a34ea7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047902,"text":"fs20133050 - 2013 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:09:22","indexId":"fs20133050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-30T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3050","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Colorado, elevation data are critical for natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, infrastructure and construction management, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazards mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133050","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2013, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Colorado (Originally posted August 29, 2013; Version 1.1: June 27, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3050, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133050.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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posted August 29, 2013; Version 1.1: June 27, 2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221b0eae4b001cbb8a34eab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047883,"text":"70047883 - 2013 - In vitro prion protein conversion suggests risk of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T14:06:35","indexId":"70047883","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-29T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":959,"text":"BMC Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In vitro prion protein conversion suggests risk of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies","docAbstract":"<p>Background: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) affect both domestic sheep (scrapie) and captive and free-ranging cervids (chronic wasting disease; CWD). The geographical range of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis; BHS) overlaps with states or provinces that have contained scrapie-positive sheep or goats and areas with present epizootics of CWD in cervids. No TSEs have been documented in BHS, but the susceptibility of this species to TSEs remains unknown. Results: We acquired a library of BHS tissues and found no evidence of preexisting TSEs in these animals. The prion protein gene (Prnp) in all BHS in our library was identical to scrapie-susceptible domestic sheep (A<sup>136</sup>R <sup>154</sup>Q<sup>171</sup>). Using an in vitro prion protein conversion assay, which has been previously used to assess TSE species barriers and, in our study appears to recollect known species barriers in mice, we assessed the potential transmissibility of TSEs to BHS. As expected based upon Prnp genotype, we observed BHS prion protein conversion by classical scrapie agent and evidence for a species barrier between transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) and BHS. Interestingly, our data suggest that the species barrier of BHS to white-tailed deer or wapiti CWD agents is likely low. We also used protein misfolding cyclic amplification to confirm that CWD, but not TME, can template prion protein misfolding in A<sup>136</sup>R <sup>154</sup>Q<sup>171</sup>genotype sheep. Conclusions: Our results indicate the in vitro conversion assay used in our study does mimic the species barrier of mice to the TSE agents that we tested. Based on Prnp genotype and results from conversion assays, BHS are likely to be susceptible to infection by classical scrapie. Despite mismatches in amino acids thought to modulate prion protein conversion, our data indicate that A136R154Q171 genotype sheep prion protein is misfolded by CWD agent, suggesting that these animals could be susceptible to CWD. Further investigation of TSE transmissibility to BHS, including animal studies, is warranted. The lack of reported TSEs in BHS may be attributable to other host factors or a lack of TSE surveillance in this species.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BMC Veterinary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/1746-6148-9-157","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.J., Morawski, A., Carlson, C., and Chang, H., 2013, In vitro prion protein conversion suggests risk of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: BMC Veterinary Research, v. 9, 157: 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-157.","productDescription":"157: 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045560","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-157","text":"Publisher Index 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 \"}}]}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52205f5be4b0645fc25e8c14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Christopher J. cjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Christopher","email":"cjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morawski, A.R.","contributorId":55318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morawski","given":"A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, C.M.","contributorId":68208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chang, H.","contributorId":94958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047848,"text":"sir20135148 - 2013 - Analysis and inundation mapping of the April-May 2011 flood at selected locations in northern and eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-27T15:32:05","indexId":"sir20135148","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-27T15:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5148","title":"Analysis and inundation mapping of the April-May 2011 flood at selected locations in northern and eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri","docAbstract":"Precipitation that fell from April 19 through May 3, 2011, resulted in widespread flooding across northern and eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri. The first storm produced a total of approximately 16 inches of precipitation over an 8-day period, and the following storms produced as much as 12 inches of precipitation over a 2-day period. Moderate to major flooding occurred quickly along many streams within Arkansas and Missouri (including the Black, Cache, Illinois, St. Francis, and White Rivers) at levels that had not been seen since the historic 1927 floods. The 2011 flood claimed an estimated 21 lives in Arkansas and Missouri, and damage caused by the flooding resulted in a Federal Disaster Declaration for 59 Arkansas counties that received Federal or State assistance. To further the goal of documenting and understanding floods, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers–Little Rock and Memphis Districts, and Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, conducted a study to summarize meteorological and hydrological conditions before the flood; computed flood-peak magnitudes for 39 streamgages; estimated annual exceedance probabilities for 37 of those streamgages; determined the joint probabilities for 11 streamgages paired to the Mississippi River at Helena, Arkansas, which refers to the probability that locations on two paired streams simultaneously experience floods of a magnitude greater than or equal to a given annual exceedance probability; collected high-water marks; constructed flood-peak inundation maps showing maximum flood extent and water depths; and summarized flood damages and effects.\n\nFor the period of record used in this report, peak-of-record stage occurred at 24 of the 39 streamgages, and peak-of-record streamflow occurred at 13 of the 30 streamgages where streamflow was determined. Annual exceedance probabilities were estimated to be less than 0.5 percent at three streamgages. The joint probability values for streamgages paired with the Mississippi River at Helena, Ark., streamgage indicate a low probability of concurrent flooding with the paired streamgages. The inundation maps show the flood-peak extent and water depth of flooding for two stream reaches on the White River and two on the Black River; the vicinities of the communities of Holly Grove and Cotton Plant, Ark.; a reach of the White River that includes the crossing of Interstate 40 north of De Valls Bluff, Ark.; and the Tailwaters of Beaver Dam near Eureka Springs, Ark., Table Rock Dam near Branson, Mo., and Bull Shoals Dam near Flippin, Ark. The data and inundation maps can be used for flood response, recovery, and planning efforts by Federal, State, and local agencies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135148","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers--Little Rock and Memphis Districts, and the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Westerman, D.A., Merriman, K., De Lanois, J.L., and Berenbrock, C., 2013, Analysis and inundation mapping of the April-May 2011 flood at selected locations in northern and eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5148, Report: vii, 44 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135148.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 44 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-04-19","temporalEnd":"2011-05-03","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135148.PNG"},{"id":277051,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5148/"},{"id":277052,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5148/pdf/sir2013-5148.pdf"},{"id":277053,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5148/Downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas;Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River Basin;St. Francis River Basin;White River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,34.7823 ], [ -94.6179,37.2905 ], [ -89.6448,37.2905 ], [ -89.6448,34.7823 ], [ -94.6179,34.7823 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521dcbc6e4b051c878dc355d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westerman, Drew A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merriman, Katherine R.","contributorId":34418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriman","given":"Katherine R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Lanois, Jeanne L. jdelanoi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Lanois","given":"Jeanne","email":"jdelanoi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berenbrock, Charles","contributorId":30598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047842,"text":"ofr20131180 - 2013 - Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-27T09:19:59","indexId":"ofr20131180","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-27T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1180","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"This study is a reconnaissance assessment of the alluvial gold deposits of the North Takhar Area of Interest (AOI) in Takhar Province, Afghanistan. Soviet and Afghan geologists collected data and calculated the gold deposit reserves in Takhar Province in the 1970s, prior to the development of satellite-based remote-sensing platforms and new methods of geomorphic mapping. The purpose of this study was to integrate new mapping techniques with previously collected borehole sampling and concentration sampling data and geomorphologic interpretations to reassess the alluvial gold placer deposits in the North Takhar AOI. Through a combination of historical borehole and cross-section data and digital terrain modeling, the Samti, Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir, and Kocha River placer deposits were reassessed. Resource estimates were calculated to be 20,927 kilograms (kg) for Samti, 7,626 kg for Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir, 160 kg for the mouth of the Kocha, 1,047 kg for the lower Kocha, 113 kg for the middle Kocha, and 168 kg for the upper Kocha. Previous resource estimates conducted by the Soviets for the Samti and Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir deposits estimated 30,062 kg and 802 kg of gold, respectively. This difference between the new estimates and previous estimates results from the higher resolution geomorphic model and the interpretation of areas outside of the initial work zone studied by Soviet and Afghan geologists.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131180","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations; USGS Afghanistan Project Product No. 184","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Malpeli, K., and Moran, T., 2013, Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1180, iv, 14 p.; 6 Figures: 35 x 31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131180.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.; 6 Figures: 35 x 31 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131180.gif"},{"id":277037,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180.pdf"},{"id":277038,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure1.pdf"},{"id":277039,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure2.pdf"},{"id":277040,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure3.pdf"},{"id":277041,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure4.pdf"},{"id":277042,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure5.pdf"},{"id":277043,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure6.pdf"},{"id":277036,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/"}],"country":"Afghanistan","state":"Takhar Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 74.89,29.38 ], [ 74.89,38.49 ], [ 60.52,38.49 ], [ 60.52,29.38 ], [ 74.89,29.38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a64065e4b0a6d695882609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C.","contributorId":55106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Thomas W.","contributorId":102999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Thomas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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