The Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas is composed of dolomite, limestone, sandstone, and shale of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet to more than 4,000 feet. Hydrologically, the aquifer is complex, characterized by discrete and discontinuous flow components with large variations in permeability.
\n\nThe potentiometric-surface map, based on 56 well and 5 spring water-level measurements made in 2010 in Arkansas and Missouri, has a maximum water-level altitude measurement of 1,174 feet in Carroll County and a minimum water-level altitude measurement of 120 feet in Randolph County. Regionally, the flow within the aquifer is to the south and southeast in the eastern and central part of the study area and to the west, northwest, and north in the western part of the study area. Water-level altitudes changed 0.5 feet or less in 31 out of 56 wells measured between 2007 and 2010.
\n\nDespite rapidly increasing population within the study area, the increase appears to have minimal effect on groundwater levels, although the effect may have been minimized by the development and use of surface-water distribution infrastructure, suggesting that most of the incoming populations are fulfilling their water needs from surface-water sources. The conversion of some users from groundwater to surface water may be allowing water levels in some wells to recover (rise) or decline at a slower rate in some areas such as in Benton, Carroll, and Washington Counties.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145013","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Czarnecki, J.B., Pugh, A., and Blackstock, J.M., 2014, Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5013, Report: iv, 16 p.; 1 Map: 17.00 x 11.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145013.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 16 p.; 1 Map: 17.00 x 11.00 inches","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052830","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282628,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5013/"},{"id":282629,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5013/pdf/sir2014-5013.pdf"},{"id":282630,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5013/pdf/sir2014-5013_pl1.pdf"},{"id":282631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145013.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6c2ae4b0b29085104631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czarnecki, John B. jczarnec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czarnecki","given":"John","email":"jczarnec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pugh, Aaron L. apugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"Aaron L.","email":"apugh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blackstock, Joshua M. jblackst@usgs.gov","contributorId":5553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackstock","given":"Joshua","email":"jblackst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70094415,"text":"ofr20141032 - 2014 - Identifying resource manager information needs for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-21T08:17:46","indexId":"ofr20141032","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-21T08:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1032","title":"Identifying resource manager information needs for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative","docAbstract":"Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) are a network of 22 public-private partnerships, defined by ecoregion, that share and provide science to ensure the sustainability of land, water, wildlife and cultural resources in North America. LLCs were established by the U.S. Department of Interior (DOI) in recognition that response to climate change must be coordinated on a landscape-level basis because important resources, ecosystem processes and resource management challenges extend beyond national wildlife refuges, Bureau of Land Management lands, national parks, and even international boundaries. Therefore, DOI agencies must work with other Federal, State, Tribal (U.S. indigenous peoples), First Nation (Canadian indigenous peoples), and local governments, as well as private landowners, to develop landscape-level strategies for understanding and responding to climate change.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141032","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative","usgsCitation":"Woodward, A., Liedtke, T., and Jenni, K., 2014, Identifying resource manager information needs for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1032, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141032.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051292","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141032.GIF"},{"id":282608,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1032/"},{"id":282609,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1032/pdf/ofr2014-1032.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;British Columbia;California;Oregon;Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152.8,37.0 ], [ -152.8,64.01 ], [ -117.73,64.01 ], [ -117.73,37.0 ], [ -152.8,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd61fbe4b0b290850fddf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa","contributorId":91763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenni, Karen","contributorId":101520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenni","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70094493,"text":"70094493 - 2014 - Ecological site-based assessments of wind and water erosion: informing accelerated soil erosion management in rangelands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-05T08:21:58","indexId":"70094493","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T16:26:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological site-based assessments of wind and water erosion: informing accelerated soil erosion management in rangelands","docAbstract":"Accelerated soil erosion occurs when anthropogenic processes modify soil, vegetation or climatic conditions causing erosion rates at a location to exceed their natural variability. Identifying where and when accelerated erosion occurs is a critical first step toward its effective management. Here we explore how erosion assessments structured in the context of ecological sites (a land classification based on soils, landscape setting and ecological potential) and their vegetation states (plant assemblages that may change due to management) can inform systems for reducing accelerated soil erosion in rangelands. We evaluated aeolian horizontal sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion rates for five ecological sites in southern New Mexico, USA, using monitoring data and rangeland-specific wind and water erosion models. Across the ecological sites, plots in shrub-encroached and shrub-dominated vegetation states were consistently susceptible to aeolian sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion. Both processes were found to be highly variable for grassland and grass-succulent states across the ecological sites at the plot scale (0.25 Ha). We identify vegetation thresholds that define cover levels below which rapid (exponential) increases in aeolian sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion occur across the ecological sites and vegetation states. Aeolian sediment flux and fluvial erosion in the study area can be effectively controlled when bare ground cover is <20% of a site or the cover of canopy interspaces >100 cm in length is less than ~35%. Land use and management activities that alter cover levels such that they cross thresholds, and/or drive vegetation state changes, may increase the susceptibility of areas to erosion. Land use impacts that are constrained within the range of natural variability should not result in accelerated soil erosion. Evaluating land condition against the erosion thresholds identified here will enable identification of areas susceptible to accelerated soil erosion and the development of practical management solutions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1175.1","usgsCitation":"Webb, N., Herrick, J.E., and Duniway, M.C., 2014, Ecological site-based assessments of wind and water erosion: informing accelerated soil erosion management in rangelands: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 6, p. 1405-1420, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1175.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1405","endPage":"1420","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-050767","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282604,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1175.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.2048,32.1 ], [ -106.2048,32.7018 ], [ -105.4578,32.7018 ], [ -105.4578,32.1 ], [ -106.2048,32.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd564de4b0b290850f6d50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Nicholas P.","contributorId":81409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Nicholas P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrick, Jeffrey E.","contributorId":26054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrick","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12627,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70058590,"text":"ofr20131288 - 2014 - Borehole geophysical data for the East Poplar oil field area, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, northeastern Montana, 1993, 2004, and 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-18T14:50:50.90687","indexId":"ofr20131288","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1288","displayTitle":"Borehole Geophysical Data for the East Poplar Oil Field Area, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Northeastern Montana, 1993, 2004, and 2005","title":"Borehole geophysical data for the East Poplar oil field area, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, northeastern Montana, 1993, 2004, and 2005","docAbstract":"Areas of high electrical conductivity in shallow aquifers in the East Poplar oil field area were delineated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes, in order to interpret areas of saline-water contamination. Ground, airborne, and borehole geophysical data were collected in the East Poplar oil field area from 1992 through 2005 as part of this delineation. This report presents borehole geophysical data for thirty-two wells that were collected during 1993, 2004, and 2005 in the East Poplar oil field study area. Natural-gamma and induction instruments were used to provide information about the lithology and conductivity of the soil, rock, and water matrix adjacent to and within the wells. The well logs were also collected to provide subsurface controls for interpretation of a helicopter electromagnetic survey flown over most of the East Poplar oil field in 2004. The objective of the USGS studies was to improve understanding of aquifer hydrogeology particularly in regard to variations in water quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131288","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Office of Environmental Protection of the Fort Peck Tribes","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.D., Thamke, J.N, and Tyrrell, Christa, 2014, Borehole geophysical data for the East Poplar oil field area, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, northeastern Montana, 1993, 2004, and 2005 (ver. 1.1, November 2020): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1288, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131288.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045027","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1288/pdf/ofr2013-1288_Revised.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2013–1288"},{"id":379881,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1288/ofr20131288_appendix_1","text":"Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"— Plots of Digital Geophysical Logs"},{"id":282603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1288/images/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":379882,"rank":4,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1288/versionHist.txt","size":"2.96 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2013–1288 Version History"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Fort Peck Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.0,48.0 ], [ -106.0,48.5 ], [ -105.0,48.5 ], [ -105.0,48.0 ], [ -106.0,48.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0: February 20, 2014; Version 1.1: November 18, 2020","contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 964
Denver, CO 80225
Elevated concentrations of salinity and selenium in the tributaries and main-stem reaches of the Colorado River are a water-quality concern and have been the focus of remediation efforts for many years. Land-management practices with the objective of limiting the amount of salt and selenium that reaches the stream have focused on improving the methods by which irrigation water is conveyed and distributed. Federal land managers implement improvements in accordance with the Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act of 1974, which directs Federal land managers to enhance and protect the quality of water available in the Colorado River. In an effort to assist in evaluating and mitigating the detrimental effects of salinity and selenium, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Colorado River Water Resources District, and the Bureau of Land Management, analyzed salinity and selenium data collected at sites to develop regression models. The study area and sites are on the Colorado River or in one of three small basins in Western Colorado: the White River Basin, the Lower Gunnison River Basin, and the Dolores River Basin. By using data collected from water years 2009 through 2011, regression models able to estimate concentrations were developed for salinity at six sites and selenium at six sites. At a minimum, data from discrete measurement of salinity or selenium concentration, streamflow, and specific conductance at each of the sites were needed for model development. Comparison of the Adjusted R2 and standard error statistics of the two salinity models developed at each site indicated the models using specific conductance as the explanatory variable performed better than those using streamflow. The addition of multiple explanatory variables improved the ability to estimate selenium concentration at several sites compared with use of solely streamflow or specific conductance. The error associated with the log-transformed salinity and selenium estimates is consistent in log space; however, when the estimates are transformed into non-log values, the error increases as the estimates decrease. Continuous streamflow and specific conductance data collected at study sites provide the means to examine temporal variability in constituent concentration and load. The regression models can estimate continuous concentrations or loads on the basis of continuous specific conductance or streamflow data. Similar estimates are available for other sites at the USGS National Real-Time Water Quality Web page (http://nrtwq.usgs.gov) and provide water-resource managers with a means of improving their general understanding of how constituent concentration or load can change annually, seasonally, or in real time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Colorado River Water Resources District, and the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Linard, J.I., and Schaffrath, K.R., 2014, Regression models for estimating salinity and selenium concentrations at selected sites in the Upper Colorado River Basin, Colorado, 2009-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1015, v, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141015.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2011-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-051865","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141015.jpg"},{"id":282578,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1015/"},{"id":282584,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1015/pdf/of2014-1015.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Dolores River Basin, Lower Gunnison River Basin, Upper Colorado River Basin, White River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.05,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -107.1,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -107.1,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd700de4b0b29085106cd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaffrath, Keelin R.","contributorId":7552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffrath","given":"Keelin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70094482,"text":"70094482 - 2014 - Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-20T09:25:19","indexId":"70094482","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T09:14:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change","docAbstract":"Marine planktonic diatoms export carbon to the deep ocean, playing a key role in the global carbon cycle. Although commonly thought to have diversified over the Cenozoic as global oceans cooled, only two conflicting quantitative reconstructions exist, both from the Neptune deep-sea microfossil occurrences database. Total diversity shows Cenozoic increase but is sample size biased; conventional subsampling shows little net change. We calculate diversity from a separately compiled new diatom species range catalog, and recalculate Neptune subsampled-in-bin diversity using new methods to correct for increasing Cenozoic geographic endemism and decreasing Cenozoic evenness. We find coherent, substantial Cenozoic diversification in both datasets. Many living cold water species, including species important for export productivity, originate only in the latest Miocene or younger. We make a first quantitative comparison of diatom diversity to the global Cenozoic benthic ∂18O (climate) and carbon cycle records (∂13C, and 20-0 Ma pCO2). Warmer climates are strongly correlated with lower diatom diversity (raw: rho = .92, p<.001; detrended, r = .6, p = .01). Diatoms were 20% less diverse in the early late Miocene, when temperatures and pCO2 were only moderately higher than today. Diversity is strongly correlated to both ∂13C and pCO2 over the last 15 my (for both: r>.9, detrended r>.6, all p<.001), but only weakly over the earlier Cenozoic, suggesting increasingly strong linkage of diatom and climate evolution in the Neogene. Our results suggest that many living marine planktonic diatom species may be at risk of extinction in future warm oceans, with an unknown but potentially substantial negative impact on the ocean biologic pump and oceanic carbon sequestration. We cannot however extrapolate our my-scale correlations with generic climate proxies to anthropogenic time-scales of warming without additional species-specific information on proximate ecologic controls.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084857","usgsCitation":"Lazarus, D., Barron, J., Renaudie, J., Diver, P., and Turke, A., 2014, Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 1, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084857.","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":473169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084857","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":282560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282559,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084857"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702be4b05569d805a18a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lazarus, David","contributorId":71877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barron, John","contributorId":87059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renaudie, Johan","contributorId":17908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renaudie","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diver, Patrick","contributorId":41329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diver","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turke, Andreas","contributorId":97419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turke","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70093657,"text":"ofr20141022 - 2014 - Groundwater level and nitrate concentration trends on Mountain Home Air Force Base, southwestern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-20T09:25:57","indexId":"ofr20141022","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T07:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1022","title":"Groundwater level and nitrate concentration trends on Mountain Home Air Force Base, southwestern Idaho","docAbstract":"Mountain Home Air Force Base in southwestern Idaho draws most of its drinking water from the regional aquifer. The base is located within the State of Idaho's Mountain Home Groundwater Management Area and is adjacent to the State's Cinder Cone Butte Critical Groundwater Area. Both areas were established by the Idaho Department of Water Resources in the early 1980s because of declining water levels in the regional aquifer. The base also is listed by the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality as a nitrate priority area.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, began monitoring wells on the base in 1985, and currently monitors 25 wells for water levels and 17 wells for water quality, primarily nutrients. This report provides a summary of water-level and nitrate concentration data collected primarily between 2001 and 2013 and examines trends in those data.
\nA Regional Kendall Test was run to combine results from all wells to determine an overall regional trend in water level. Groundwater levels declined at an average rate of about 1.08 feet per year.
\nNitrate concentration trends show that 3 wells (18 percent) are increasing in nitrate concentration trend, 3 wells (18 percent) show a decreasing nitrate concentration trend, and 11 wells (64 percent) show no nitrate concentration trend. Six wells (35 percent) currently exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant limit of 10 milligrams per liter for nitrate (nitrite plus nitrate, measured as nitrogen).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141022","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force","usgsCitation":"Williams, M.L., 2014, Groundwater level and nitrate concentration trends on Mountain Home Air Force Base, southwestern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1022, Slide Presentation: 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141022.","productDescription":"Slide Presentation: 49 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044354","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282549,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1022/"},{"id":282551,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1022/pdf/ofr2014-1022.pdf"},{"id":282552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141022.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.2675,42.7677 ], [ -116.2675,43.6015 ], [ -115.397,43.6015 ], [ -115.397,42.7677 ], [ -116.2675,42.7677 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5fe8e4b0b290850fc979","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Marshall L. mlwilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Marshall","email":"mlwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048963,"text":"ds800 - 2014 - Digital representation of oil and natural gas well pad scars in southwest Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-19T14:41:37","indexId":"ds800","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-19T14:37:14","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"800","title":"Digital representation of oil and natural gas well pad scars in southwest Wyoming","docAbstract":"The recent proliferation of oil and natural gas energy development in southwest Wyoming has stimulated the need to understand wildlife responses to this development. Central to many wildlife assessments is the use of geospatial methods that rely on digital representation of energy infrastructure. Surface disturbance of the well pad scars associated with oil and natural gas extraction has been an important but unavailable infrastructure layer. To provide a digital baseline of this surface disturbance, we extracted visible oil and gas well pad scars from 1-meter National Agriculture Imagery Program imagery (NAIP) acquired in 2009 for a 7.7 million-hectare region of southwest Wyoming. Scars include the pad area where wellheads, pumps, and storage facilities reside, and the surrounding area that was scraped and denuded of vegetation during the establishment of the pad. Scars containing tanks, compressors, and the storage of oil and gas related equipment, and produced-water ponds were also collected on occasion. Our extraction method was a two-step process starting with automated extraction followed by manual inspection and clean up. We used available well-point information to guide manual clean up and to derive estimates of year of origin and duration of activity on a pad scar. We also derived estimates of the proportion of non-vegetated area on a scar using a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index derived using 1-meter NAIP imagery. We extracted 16,973 pad scars of which 15,318 were oil and gas well pads. Digital representation of pad scars along with time-stamps of activity and estimates of non-vegetated area provides important baseline (circa 2009) data for assessments of wildlife responses, land-use trends, and disturbance-mediated pattern assessments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds800","usgsCitation":"Garman, S.L., and McBeth, J.L., 2014, Digital representation of oil and natural gas well pad scars in southwest Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 800, Report: iv, 7 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds800.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 7 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-039038","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282545,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/800/"},{"id":282547,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/800/downloads/"},{"id":282546,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/800/pdf/ds800.pdf"},{"id":282548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds800.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5511e4b0b290850f61cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garman, Steven L. 0000-0002-9032-9074 slgarman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-9074","contributorId":3741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garman","given":"Steven","email":"slgarman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBeth, Jamie L. 0000-0002-7688-7985 jlmcbeth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7688-7985","contributorId":1254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBeth","given":"Jamie","email":"jlmcbeth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70094365,"text":"70094365 - 2014 - The chronic toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:35:58","indexId":"70094365","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-19T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The chronic toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters","docAbstract":"Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is the principal salt in coal bed natural gas produced water from the Powder River Structural Basin, Wyoming, USA, and concentrations of up to 3000 mg NaHCO3/L have been documented at some locations. No adequate studies have been performed to assess the chronic effects of NaHCO3 exposure. The present study was initiated to investigate the chronic toxicity and define sublethal effects at the individual organism level to explain the mechanisms of NaHCO3 toxicity. Three chronic experiments were completed with fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), 1 with white suckers (Catostomus commersoni), 1 with Ceriodaphnia dubia, and 1 with a freshwater mussel, (Lampsilis siliquoidea). The data demonstrated that approximately 500 mg NaHCO3/L to 1000 mg NaHCO3/L affected all species of experimental aquatic animals in chronic exposure conditions. Freshwater mussels were the least sensitive to NaHCO3 exposure, with a 10-d inhibition concentration that affects 20% of the sample population (IC20) of 952 mg NaHCO3/L. The IC20 for C. dubia was the smallest, at 359 mg NaHCO3/L. A significant decrease in sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+ ATPase) together with the lack of growth effects suggests that Na+/K+ ATPase activity was shut down before the onset of death. Several histological anomalies, including increased incidence of necrotic cells, suggested that fish were adversely affected as a result of exposure to >450 mg NaHCO3/L.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2455","usgsCitation":"Farag, A.M., and Harper, D., 2014, The chronic toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 33, no. 3, p. 532-540, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2455.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"540","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-045346","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282540,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2455"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a3f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harper, David D.","contributorId":102946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70094362,"text":"70094362 - 2014 - Acute toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters, to 13 aquatic species as defined in the laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:59:33","indexId":"70094362","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-19T13:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters, to 13 aquatic species as defined in the laboratory","docAbstract":"Water produced during coal bed natural gas (CBNG) extraction in the Powder River Structural Basin of Wyoming and Montana (USA) may contain concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) of more than 3000 mg/L. The authors evaluated the acute toxicity of NaHCO3, also expressed as bicarbonate (HCO3−), to 13 aquatic organisms. Of the 13 species tested, 7 had a median lethal concentration (LC50) less than 2000 mg/L NaHCO3, or 1300 mg/L HCO3−. The most sensitive species were Ceriodaphnia dubia, freshwater mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea), pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus), and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus). The respective LC50s were 989 mg/L, 1120 mg/L, 1249 mg/L, and 1430 mg/L NaHCO3, or 699 mg/L, 844 mg/L, 831 mg/L, and 1038 mg/L HCO3−. Age affected the sensitivity of fathead minnows, even within life stage. Two days posthatch, fathead minnows were more sensitive to NaHCO3 and HCO3− compared with 4-d-old fish, even though fish up to 14 d old are commonly used for toxicity evaluations. The authors recommend that ion toxicity exposures be conducted with organisms less than 24 h posthatch to ensure that experiments document the most sensitive stage of development. The results of the present study, along with historical and current research regarding the toxicity of bicarbonate, may be useful to establish regulatory standards for HCO3−.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2452","usgsCitation":"Harper, D., Farag, A.M., and Skaar, D., 2014, Acute toxicity of sodium bicarbonate, a major component of coal bed natural gas produced waters, to 13 aquatic species as defined in the laboratory: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 33, no. 3, p. 525-531, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2452.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"531","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-045343","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282538,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2452"},{"id":282539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516f2ce4b05569d805a027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harper, David D.","contributorId":102946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skaar, Don","contributorId":9171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skaar","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70093887,"text":"ofr20131282 - 2014 - Gravity, aeromagnetic and rock-property data of the central California Coast Ranges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:35:53.252188","indexId":"ofr20131282","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-18T12:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1282","title":"Gravity, aeromagnetic and rock-property data of the central California Coast Ranges","docAbstract":"Gravity, aeromagnetic, and rock-property data were collected to support geologic-mapping, water-resource, and seismic-hazard studies for the central California Coast Ranges. These data are combined with existing data to provide gravity, aeromagnetic, and physical-property datasets for this region. The gravity dataset consists of approximately 18,000 measurements. The aeromagnetic dataset consists of total-field anomaly values from several detailed surveys that have been merged and gridded at an interval of 200 m. The physical property dataset consists of approximately 800 density measurements and 1,100 magnetic-susceptibility measurements from rock samples, in addition to previously published borehole gravity surveys from Santa Maria Basin, density logs from Salinas Valley, and intensities of natural remanent magnetization.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131282","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., 2014, Gravity, aeromagnetic and rock-property data of the central California Coast Ranges: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1282, Report: ii, 12 p.; Data; Readme, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131282.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 12 p.; Data; Readme","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046410","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282485,"rank":5,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131282.jpg"},{"id":417511,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99568.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1282/downloads/ofr2013-1282_data.zip"},{"id":282484,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1282/downloads/readme.txt"},{"id":282482,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1282/pdf/ofr2013-1282.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282480,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1282/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Coast Ranges, Salinas Valley, Santa Maria Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.99,34.18 ], [ -122.99,37.07 ], [ -118.72,37.07 ], [ -118.72,34.18 ], [ -122.99,34.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5f28e4b0b290850fc244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70074060,"text":"ds822 - 2014 - USGS field activities 11BHM03 and 11BHM04 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, September and November 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-15T12:59:01","indexId":"ds822","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-14T15:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"822","title":"USGS field activities 11BHM03 and 11BHM04 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, September and November 2011","docAbstract":"During September and November 2011 the (USGS), in cooperation with (USF), conducted geochemical surveys on the west Florida Shelf to investigate the effects of climate change on ocean acidification within the northern Gulf of Mexico, specifically, the effect of ocean acidification on marine organisms and habitats. The first cruise was conducted from September 20 to 28 (11BHM03) and the second was from November 2 to 4 (11BHM04). To view each cruise's survey lines, please see the Trackline page. Each cruise took place aboard the Research Vessel (R/V) Weatherbird II, a ship of opportunity led by Dr. Kendra Daly (USF), which departed from and returned to Saint Petersburg, Florida.
\nData collection included sampling of the surface and water column with lab analysis of pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) or total carbon dioxide (TCO2), and total alkalinity (TA). lLb analysis was augmented with a continuous flow-through system (referred to as sonde data) with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor, which also recorded salinity and pH. Corroborating the USGS data are the vertical CTD profiles (referred to as station samples) collected by USF. The CTD casts measured continuous vertical profiles of oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence and optical backscatter. Discrete samples for nutrients, chlorophyll, and particulate organic carbon/nitrogen were also collected during the CTD casts. Two autonomous flow-through (AFT) instruments recorded pH and CO2 every 3-5 minutes on each cruise (referred to as AFT data).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds822","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Knorr, P.O., Daly, K.L., and Barrera, K.E., 2014, USGS field activities 11BHM03 and 11BHM04 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, September and November 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 822, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds822.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051017","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds822.jpg"},{"id":282445,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0822/"},{"id":282444,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0822/title.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.86,18.18 ], [ -97.86,30.40 ], [ -81.04,30.40 ], [ -81.04,18.18 ], [ -97.86,18.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7a17e4b0b2908510d445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knorr, Paul O. pknorr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"Paul","email":"pknorr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daly, Kendra L.","contributorId":79018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrera, Kira E. 0000-0002-2807-4795 kbarrera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2807-4795","contributorId":4910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrera","given":"Kira","email":"kbarrera@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70074059,"text":"ds712 - 2014 - USGS field activities 11BHM01 and 11BHM02 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, May and June 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-07T17:05:21.455783","indexId":"ds712","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-14T14:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"712","title":"USGS field activities 11BHM01 and 11BHM02 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, May and June 2011","docAbstract":"During May and June 2011 the (USGS), in cooperation with (USF), conducted geochemical surveys on the west Florida Shelf to investigate the effects of climate change on ocean acidification within the northern Gulf of Mexico, specifically, the effect of ocean acidification on marine organisms and habitats. The first cruise was conducted from May 3 to 9 (11BHM01) and the second was from June 25 to 30 (11BHM02). To view each cruise's survey lines, please see the Trackline page. Each cruise took place aboard the Research Vessel (R/V) Weatherbird II, a ship of opportunity led by Dr. Kendra Daly (USF), which departed from and returned to Saint Petersburg, Florida. Data collection included sampling of the surface and water column with lab analysis of pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) or total carbon dioxide (TCO2), and total alkalinity (TA). lLb analysis was augmented with a continuous flow-through system (referred to as sonde data) with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor, which also recorded salinity and pH. Corroborating the USGS data are the vertical CTD profiles (referred to as station samples) collected by USF. The CTD casts measured continuous vertical profiles of oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence and optical backscatter. Discrete samples for nutrients, chlorophyll, and particulate organic carbon/nitrogen were also collected during the CTD casts. Two autonomous flow-through (AFT) instruments recorded pH and CO2 every 3-5 minutes on each cruise (referred to as AFT data).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds712","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Knorr, P.O., Daly, K.L., Taylor, C.A., and Barrera, K.E., 2014, USGS field activities 11BHM01 and 11BHM02 on the west Florida shelf, Gulf of Mexico, May and June 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 712, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds712.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040390","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282433,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0712/title.html"},{"id":282432,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0712/"},{"id":282434,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds712.jpg"},{"id":504109,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99571.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.143310546875,\n 27.32297494724568\n ],\n [\n -88.143310546875,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -82.37548828125,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -82.37548828125,\n 27.32297494724568\n ],\n [\n -88.143310546875,\n 27.32297494724568\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7a17e4b0b2908510d443","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knorr, Paul O. pknorr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"Paul","email":"pknorr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daly, Kendra L.","contributorId":79018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Carl A.","contributorId":9960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barrera, Kira E. 0000-0002-2807-4795 kbarrera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2807-4795","contributorId":4910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrera","given":"Kira","email":"kbarrera@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048968,"text":"ofr20131107 - 2014 - Field manual for the collection of Navajo Nation streamflow-gage data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-14T10:50:00","indexId":"ofr20131107","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-14T10:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1107","title":"Field manual for the collection of Navajo Nation streamflow-gage data","docAbstract":"The Field Manual for the Collection of Navajo Nation Streamflow-Gage Data (Navajo Field Manual) is based on established (standard) U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging methods and provides guidelines specifically designed for the Navajo Department of Water Resources personnel who establish and maintain streamflow gages. The Navajo Field Manual addresses field visits, including essential field equipment and the selection of and routine visits to streamflow-gaging stations, examines surveying methods for determining peak flows (indirect measurements), discusses safety considerations, and defines basic terms.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131107","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Navajo Nation’s Department of Water Resources, Water Management Branch","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.J., and Fisk, G.G., 2014, Field manual for the collection of Navajo Nation streamflow-gage data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1107, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131107.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040678","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131107.jpg"},{"id":282386,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1107/"},{"id":282387,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1107/pdf/ofr2013-1107.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,35.0 ], [ -112.0,37.5 ], [ -108.0,37.5 ], [ -108.0,35.0 ], [ -112.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5944e4b0b290850f89ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Robert J. bhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Robert","email":"bhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisk, Gregory G.","contributorId":51728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisk","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70068726,"text":"sir20135197 - 2014 - A velocimetric survey of the Lower Missouri River from river mile 492.38 to 290.20, July-October 2011 and July 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T10:58:33","indexId":"sir20135197","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-13T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5197","title":"A velocimetric survey of the Lower Missouri River from river mile 492.38 to 290.20, July-October 2011 and July 2012","docAbstract":"Velocimetric surveys were made by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2011 and 2012 to provide data for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ ongoing study of bed degradation in the Lower Missouri River. Using Acoustic Doppler Current Profile technology, velocity data were collected at 87 river miles along the Lower Missouri River from Rulo, Nebraska to Waverly, Missouri, from July to October 2011 and in July 2012, for a total of 118 velocimetric surveys. Multiple-repeat velocimetric surveys were done eight times at three river miles from July to October 2011. Synoptic velocimetric surveys spanning 2–4 days were done twice at ten river miles, once in July 2011 and once in October 2011. Additional synoptic velocimetric surveys were done at proximal river miles in October 2011 and July 2012. Main-channel, near-bed, near-bank, and whole-river velocities were extracted from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profile data using AdMap and compiled as an average of reciprocal pairs for each survey. In addition, the mean velocity computed by the Winriver II software for each survey was integrated with the extracted data.
\n\n
Multiple-repeat velocimetric surveys in the vicinity of Kansas City and Waverly, Missouri, in 2011 indicated that main-channel, near-bed, near-bank, and whole-river velocities generally declined with respect to declining daily mean discharges at the St. Joseph and Waverly, Missouri streamgaging stations. Statistical analysis of the four extracted velocity types indicated that multiple-repeat velocimetric surveys were strongly correlated with daily mean discharges at nearby streamgaging stations (coefficient of determination greater than 0.75). Main-channel velocity exceeded whole-river velocity by an average of 25 percent at river mile 357.70, 22 percent at river mile 357.09, and 6.8 percent at river mile 290.20 for all velocimetric surveys at each location, respectively. Mainchannel, near-bed, near-bank, and whole-river velocities declined about 48 percent from July to October 2011 at the Kansas City sites and about 38 percent at the Waverly site. Winriver II mean velocity from multiple-repeat velocimetric surveys indicated that the relation between all velocities was inconsistent from July to October 2011. Percent changes in channel width from July to October 2011 were typically less than concurrent changes in channel area and instantaneous discharge. The combined synoptic and multiple-repeat survey data for July 2011 did not indicate a clear longitudinal trend of velocity as instantaneous discharge increased downstream. Main-channel velocity exceeded whole-river velocity by an average of 22 percent during July 2011 and in some cases by more than 40 percent (river miles 452.50 and 308.80). Evaluation of 10 pairs of synoptic and synoptic-repeat velocimetric surveys with multiple-repeat velocimetric surveys from July to October 2011 indicated that all velocity types and channel width decreased by about one-third. Channel area and instantaneous discharge decreased by more than 50 percent from July to October 2011 and the percent by which main-channel velocity exceeded whole-river velocity decreased slightly from 22 percent in July to 19 percent. Comparing high (July 2011) to low (October 2011) discharge, where the channel width and area expanded by a factor of nearly 3.0 or more at high discharge (river miles 492.38 to 452.50), main-channel, near-bed, near-bank, and whole-river velocities increased by factors in the range of 1.1 to 1.7 and Winriver II mean velocity decreased. At the Kansas City river miles, all velocity types and channel areas nearly doubled at high discharge and channel widths remained similar to those at low discharge. Multiple-repeat and synoptic velocimetric surveys evaluated in October 2011 indicated that main-channel, near-bed, nearbank, and whole-river velocities generally increased downstream from river miles 424.20 to 404.70 and then decreased, until river mile 290.20, where they increased slightly.
\n\n
Of the July 2012 synoptic velocimetric surveys, velocities near St. Joseph, Missouri, indicated no longitudinal trends in the main-channel, near-bed, near-bank, and whole-river velocities. The Kansas City and Waverly synoptic velocimetric surveys indicated a general decrease in these velocities proceeding downstream. For all 2012 surveys, near-bed velocity was closest in magnitude to Winriver II mean velocity and near-bed and whole-river velocities decreased with increasing channel area. For the entire study, variations in near-bank velocity may have been due to the influence of channel structures and their diversion of higher velocities away from the channel edges.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135197","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, D., Wilkison, D.H., and Norman, R.D., 2014, A velocimetric survey of the Lower Missouri River from river mile 492.38 to 290.20, July-October 2011 and July 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5197, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135197.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-07-01","temporalEnd":"2012-07-31","ipdsId":"IP-043216","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135197.jpg"},{"id":282346,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5197/"},{"id":282347,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5197/pdf/sir2013-5197.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","state":"Missouri;Nebraska","city":"Kansas City;St. Joseph;Waverly","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.04,35.85 ], [ -114.04,49.72 ], [ -89.01,49.72 ], [ -89.01,35.85 ], [ -114.04,35.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4acae4b0b290850effd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, Daniel J. armstron@usgs.gov","contributorId":3823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Daniel J.","email":"armstron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkison, Donald H. wilkison@usgs.gov","contributorId":3824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkison","given":"Donald","email":"wilkison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norman, Richard D. rnorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Richard","email":"rnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":488040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70056508,"text":"fs20133110 - 2014 - Delivering climate science about the Nation's fish, wildlife, and ecosystems: the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T13:55:35","indexId":"fs20133110","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-11T14:46:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3110","title":"Delivering climate science about the Nation's fish, wildlife, and ecosystems: the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","docAbstract":"Changes to the Earth’s climate—temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables—pose significant challenges to our Nation’s natural resources. Managers of land, water, and living resources require an understanding of the impacts of climate change—which exacerbate ongoing stresses such as habitat alteration and invasive species—in order to design effective response strategies. In 2008, Congress created the National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC) within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The center was formed to address environmental challenges resulting from climate and land-use change and to provide natural resource managers with rigorous scientific information and effective tools for decision making. Located at the USGS National Headquarters in Reston, Virginia, the NCCWSC has established eight regional Department of the Interior (DOI) Climate Science Centers (CSCs) and has invested over $93 million (through fiscal year 2013) in cutting-edge climate change research.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133110","usgsCitation":"Varela-Acevedo, E., 2014, Delivering climate science about the Nation's fish, wildlife, and ecosystems: the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3110, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133110.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049487","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133110.jpg"},{"id":282279,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3110/"},{"id":282280,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3110/pdf/fs2013-3110.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd540ce4b0b290850f5834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varela-Acevedo, Elda evarela-acevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela-Acevedo","given":"Elda","email":"evarela-acevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70093696,"text":"ofr20131304 - 2014 - Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T13:49:02","indexId":"ofr20131304","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-11T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1304","title":"Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012","docAbstract":"The Navajo (N) aquifer is an extensive aquifer and the primary source of groundwater in the 5,400-square-mile Black Mesa area in northeastern Arizona. Availability of water is an important issue in northeastern Arizona because of continued water requirements for industrial and municipal use by a growing population and because of low precipitation in the arid climate of the Black Mesa area. Precipitation in the area typically is between 6 and 14 inches per year.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey water-monitoring program in the Black Mesa area began in 1971 and provides information about the long-term effects of groundwater withdrawals from the N aquifer for industrial and municipal uses. This report presents results of data collected as part of the monitoring program in the Black Mesa area from January 2011 to September 2012. The monitoring program includes measurements of (1) groundwater withdrawals, (2) groundwater levels, (3) spring discharge, (4) surface-water discharge, and (5) groundwater chemistry.
\nIn 2011, total groundwater withdrawals were 4,480 acre-ft, industrial withdrawals were 1,390 acre-ft, and municipal withdrawals were 3,090 acre-ft. Total withdrawals during 2011 were about 39 percent less than total withdrawals in 2005 because of Peabody Western Coal Company’s discontinued use of water to transport coal in a slurry. From 2010 to 2011 total withdrawals increased by 11 percent; industrial withdrawals increased by approximately 19 percent, and total municipal withdrawals increased by 8 percent.
\nFrom 2011 to 2012, annually measured water levels in the Black Mesa area declined in 8 of 15 wells that were available for comparison in the unconfined areas of the N aquifer, and the median change was -0.1 feet. Water levels declined in 9 of 18 wells measured in the confined area of the aquifer. The median change for the confined area of the aquifer was 0.0 feet. From the prestress period (prior to 1965) to 2012, the median water-level change for 34 wells in both the confined and unconfined areas was -13.4 feet; the median water-level changes were -2.1 feet for 16 wells measured in the unconfined areas and -39.1 feet for 18 wells measured in the confined area.
\nSpring flow was measured at four springs in 2012. Flow fluctuated during the period of record for Burro and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso, but a decreasing trend was apparent at Moenkopi School Spring and Pasture Canyon Spring. Discharge at Burro Spring has remained relatively constant since it was first measured in the 1980s and discharge at Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso has fluctuated for the period of record. Trend analysis for discharge at Moenkopi and Pasture Canyon Springs yielded a slope significantly different from zero.
\nContinuous records of surface-water discharge in the Black Mesa area were collected from streamflow-gaging stations at the following sites: Moenkopi Wash at Moenkopi 09401260 (1976 to 2010), Dinnebito Wash near Sand Springs 09401110 (1993 to 2010), Polacca Wash near Second Mesa 09400568 (1994 to 2010), and Pasture Canyon Springs 09401265 (2004 to 2010). Median winter flows (November through February) of each water year were used as an index of the amount of groundwater discharge at the above-named sites. For the period of record of each streamflow-gaging station, the median winter flows have generally remained constant, and there are no significant statistical trends in groundwater discharge.
\nIn 2012, water samples collected from 10 wells and 4 springs in the Black Mesa area were analyzed for selected chemical constituents, and the results were compared with previous analyses. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate have varied at all 10 wells for the period of record, but neither increasing nor decreasing trends over time were found. Dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate concentrations increased at Moenkopi School Spring during the more than 12 years of record at that site. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Pasture Canyon Spring have not varied significantly since the early 1980s, and there is no increasing or decreasing trend in those data. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Burro Spring and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso have varied for the period of record, but there is no increasing or decreasing trend in the data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131304","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Arizona Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., and Unema, J., 2014, Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1304, v, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131304.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-045075","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131304.jpg"},{"id":282267,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1304/"},{"id":282270,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1304/pdf/ofr2013-1304.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,37.0 ], [ -109.5,37.0 ], [ -109.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ff6e4b0b290850fc9d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unema, Joel A.","contributorId":92577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unema","given":"Joel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70093719,"text":"70093719 - 2014 - Metolachlor metabolite (MESA) reveals agricultural nitrate-N fate and transport in Choptank River watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-12T09:49:08","indexId":"70093719","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-11T09:38:45","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metolachlor metabolite (MESA) reveals agricultural nitrate-N fate and transport in Choptank River watershed","docAbstract":"Over 50% of streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed have been rated as poor or very poor based on the index of biological integrity. The Choptank River estuary, a Bay tributary on the eastern shore, is one such waterway, where corn and soybean production in upland areas of the watershed contribute significant loads of nutrients and sediment to streams. We adopted a novel approach utilizing the relationship between the concentration of nitrate-N and the stable, water-soluble herbicide degradation product MESA {2-[2-ethyl-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-6-methylanilino]-2-oxoethanesulfonic acid} to distinguish between dilution and denitrification effects on the stream concentration of nitrate-N in agricultural subwatersheds. The ratio of mean nitrate-N concentration/(mean MESA concentration * 1000) for 15 subwatersheds was examined as a function of percent cropland on hydric soil. This inverse relationship (R2 = 0.65, p < 0.001) takes into consideration not only dilution and denitrification of nitrate-N, but also the stream sampling bias of the croplands caused by extensive drainage ditch networks. MESA was also used to track nitrate-N concentrations within the estuary of the Choptank River. The relationship between nitrate-N and MESA concentrations in samples collected over three years was linear (0.95 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99) for all eight sampling dates except one where R2 = 0.90. This very strong correlation indicates that nitrate-N was conserved in much of the Choptank River estuary, that dilution alone is responsible for the changes in nitrate-N and MESA concentrations, and more importantly nitrate-N loads are not reduced in the estuary prior to entering the Chesapeake Bay. Thus, a critical need exists to minimize nutrient export from agricultural production fields and to identify specific conservation practices to address the hydrologic conditions within each subwatershed. In well drained areas, removal of residual N within the cropland is most critical, and practices such as cover crops which sequester the residual N should be strongly encouraged. In poorly drained areas where denitrification can occur, wetland restoration and controlled drained structures that minimize ditch flow should be used to maximize denitrification.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.017","usgsCitation":"McCarty, G.W., Hapeman, C.J., Rice, C.P., Hively, W., McConnell, L.L., Sadeghi, A.M., Lang, M., Whitall, D.R., Bialek, K., and Downey, P., 2014, Metolachlor metabolite (MESA) reveals agricultural nitrate-N fate and transport in Choptank River watershed: Science of the Total Environment, v. 473-474, p. 473-482, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.017.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"482","ipdsId":"IP-024932","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282294,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.017"},{"id":282286,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896971301471X#"}],"state":"Delaware;Maryl","otherGeospatial":"Choptank River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.1834,37.9472 ], [ -76.1834,39.4227 ], [ -75.0606,39.4227 ], [ -75.0606,37.9472 ], [ -76.1834,37.9472 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"473-474","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517055e4b05569d805a32d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarty, Gregory W.","contributorId":78861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarty","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hapeman, Cathleen J.","contributorId":63154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapeman","given":"Cathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rice, Clifford P.","contributorId":56594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hively, W. Dean 0000-0002-5383-8064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5383-8064","contributorId":9391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hively","given":"W. Dean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McConnell, Laura L.","contributorId":106437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sadeghi, Ali M.","contributorId":50645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadeghi","given":"Ali","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lang, Megan W.","contributorId":58014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"Megan W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whitall, David R.","contributorId":24908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitall","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bialek, Krystyna","contributorId":92968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bialek","given":"Krystyna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Downey, Peter","contributorId":57767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70072585,"text":"ofr20131303 - 2014 - Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T13:33:42","indexId":"ofr20131303","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1303","title":"Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012","docAbstract":"On April 20, 2010, an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig drilling at the Macondo Prospect site in the Gulf of Mexico resulted in a marine oil spill that continued to flow through July 15, 2010. One of the affected areas was the Breton National Wildlife Refuge, which consists of a chain of low-lying islands, including Breton Island and the Chandeleur Islands, and their surrounding waters. The island chain is located approximately 115–150 kilometers (km) north-northwest of the spill site. A sand berm was constructed seaward of, and on, the island chain. Construction began at the northern end of Chandeleur Islands in June 2010 and ended in April 2011 after 14 km of berm had been constructed. The berm consisted of three distinct sections based on where the berm was placed relative to the islands. The northern section of the berm was built in open water on a submerged portion of the Chandeleur Islands platform. The middle section was built approximately 70–90 meters (m) seaward of the Chandeleur Islands. The southern section was built on the islands’ beaches. Repeated Landsat and SPOT satellite imagery and airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) were used to observe the disintegration of the berm over time. The methods used to analyze the remotely sensed data and the resulting, derived data for the southern section are reported.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131303","issn":"2332-1258","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., and Guy, K.K., 2014, Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1303, iv, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131303.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-13","temporalEnd":"2012-09-03","ipdsId":"IP-050824","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131303.jpg"},{"id":282219,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1303/"},{"id":282220,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1303/pdf/of2013-1303.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Breton Island;Chandeleur Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.5,28.5 ], [ -89.5,30.5 ], [ -88.5,30.5 ], [ -88.5,28.5 ], [ -89.5,28.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd506ae4b0b290850f3524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, Kristy K. kguy@usgs.gov","contributorId":45010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Kristy","email":"kguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70074262,"text":"ofr20141011 - 2014 - Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T13:19:16","indexId":"ofr20141011","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1011","title":"Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida","docAbstract":"The Upper Floridan aquifer in the southern region of Florida is a multi-use, regional scale aquifer that is used as a potable water source and as a repository for passively recharged untreated surface waters, and injected treated surface water and wastewater, industrial wastes, including those which contain greenhouse gases (for example, carbon dioxide). The presence of confined zones within the Floridan aquifer that range in salinity from fresh to brackish allow regulatory agencies to permit the injection of these different types of product waters into specific zones without detrimental effects to humans and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The type of recharge that has received the most regulatory attention in south Florida is aquifer storage and recovery (ASR). The treated water, prior to injection and during recovery, must meet primary and secondary drinking water standards. The primary microbiology drinking water standard is total coliforms, which have been shown to be difficult to inactivate below the regulatory standard during the treatment process at some ASR facilities. The inefficient inactivation of this group of indicator bacteria permits their direct injection into the storage zones of the Floridan aquifer. Prior to this study, the inactivation rates for any member of the total coliform group during exposure to native geochemical conditions in groundwater from any zone of the Floridan aquifer had not been derived.\n\nAboveground flow through mesocosms and diffusion chambers were used to quantify the inactivation rates of two bacterial indicators, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, during exposure to groundwater from six wells. These wells collect water from two ASR storage zones: the Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) and Avon Park Permeable Zone (APPZ). Both bacterial strains followed a biphasic inactivation model. The E. coli populations had slower inactivation rates in the UFA (range: 0.217–0.628 per hour (h-1)) during the first phase of the model than when exposed to groundwater from the APPZ (range: 0.540–0.684 h-1). The inactivation rates for the first phase of the models for P. aeruginosa were not significantly different between the UFA (range: 0.144–0.770 h-1) and APPZ (range: 0.159–0.772 h-1) aquifer zones. The inactivation rates for the second phase of the model for this P. aeruginosa were also similar between UFA (range: 0.003–0.008 h-1) and APPZ (0.004–0.005 h-1) zones, although significantly slower than the model’s first phase rates for this bacterial species.\n\nGeochemical data were used to determine which dissimilatory biogeochemical reactions were most likely to occur under the native conditions in the UFA and APPZ zones using thermodynamics principles to calculate free energy yields and other cell-related energetics data. The biogeochemical processes of acetotrophic and hydrogenotrophic sulfate reduction, methanogenesis and anaerobic oxidation of methane dominated in all six groundwater sites.\n\nA high throughput DNA microarray sequencing technology was used to characterize the diversity in the native aquifer bacterial communities (bacteria and archaea) and assign putative physiological capabilities to the members of those communities. The bacterial communities in both zones of the aquifer were shown to possess the capabilities for primary and secondary fermentation, acetogenesis, methanogenesis, anaerobic methane oxidation, syntrophy with methanogens, ammonification, and sulfate reduction.\n\nThe data from this study provide the first determination of bacterial indicator survival during exposure to native geochemical conditions of the Floridan aquifer in south Florida. Additionally, the energetics and functional bacterial diversity characterizations are the first descriptions of native bacterial communities in this region of the Floridan aquifer and reveal how these communities persist under such extreme conditions. Collectively, these types of data can be used to develop and refine groundwater models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141011","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., 2014, Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1011, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141011.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050699","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141011.jpg"},{"id":282214,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1011/"},{"id":282215,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1011/pdf/of2014-1011.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Avon Park Permeable Zone;Upper Floridian Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5,26.5 ], [ -81.5,27.5 ], [ -80.0,27.5 ], [ -80.0,26.5 ], [ -81.5,26.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7612e4b0b2908510aaab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70058701,"text":"sir20135230 - 2014 - Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:13:21","indexId":"sir20135230","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:03:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5230","title":"Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012","docAbstract":"In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operated more than 500 continuous streamgages (streamflow-gaging stations) in Texas. In cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board, the USGS evaluated mean annual streamflow data for 38 selected streamgages that were active as of water year 2012. The 38 streamgages have annual mean streamflow data considered natural and unregulated. Collected annual mean streamflow data for a single streamgage ranged from 49 to 97 cumulative years. The nonparametric Kendall’s tau statistical test was used to detect monotonic trends in annual mean streamflow over time. The monotonic trend analysis detected 2 statistically significant upward trends (0.01 one-tail significance), 1 statistically significant downward trend (0.01 one-tail significance level), and 35 instances of no statistically significant trend (0.02 two-tailed significance level). The Theil slope estimate of a regression slope of annual mean streamflow with time was computed for the three stations where trends in streamflow were detected: 2 increasing Theil slopes were measured (+0.40 and +2.72 cubic feet per second per year, respectively), and 1 decreasing Theil slope (–0.24 cubic feet per second per year) was measured.
\nSelected summary statistics (L-moments) and estimates of respective sampling variances were computed for the 35 streamgages lacking statistically significant trends. From the L-moments and estimated sampling variances, weighted means or regional values were computed for each L-moment. An example application is included demonstrating how the L-moments could be used to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of annual mean streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135230","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., and Barbie, D.L., 2014, Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012 (First posted 2/10/2014; Version 1.1 revised 8/1/2014): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5230, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135230.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1915-10-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-052213","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR20135230.jpg"},{"id":282211,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5230/"},{"id":282212,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5230/pdf/sir2013-5230.pdf"}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.5,28.0 ], [ -105.5,34.0 ], [ -94.0,34.0 ], [ -94.0,28.0 ], [ -105.5,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"First posted 2/10/2014; Version 1.1 revised 8/1/2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd799de4b0b2908510cef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbie, Dana L.","contributorId":64632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbie","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70093599,"text":"70093599 - 2014 - Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-14T11:24:39","indexId":"70093599","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T10:09:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone","docAbstract":"Heavier-than-water sand and oil agglomerates that formed in the surf zone following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill continued to cause beach re-oiling 3 years after initial stranding. To understand this phenomena and inform operational response now and for future spills, a numerical method to assess the mobility and alongshore movement of these “surface residual balls” (SRBs) was developed and applied to the Alabama and western Florida coasts. Alongshore flow and SRB mobility and potential flux were used to identify likely patterns of transport and deposition. Results indicate that under typical calm conditions, cm-size SRBs are unlikely to move alongshore, whereas mobility and transport is likely during storms. The greater mobility of sand compared to SRBs makes burial and exhumation of SRBs likely, and inlets were identified as probable SRB traps. Analysis of field data supports these model results.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004","usgsCitation":"Dalyander, P., Long, J.W., Plant, N.G., and Thompson, D.M., 2014, Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 80, no. 1-2, p. 200-209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282207,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.48,24.61 ], [ -98.48,32.58 ], [ -79.54,32.58 ], [ -79.54,24.61 ], [ -98.48,24.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"80","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52f9f4dfe4b02baefb041999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalyander, P. Soupy 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":65177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P. Soupy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Joesph W.","contributorId":35232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Joesph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, David M. 0000-0002-7103-5740 dthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-5740","contributorId":3502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"dthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70066779,"text":"sir20145002 - 2014 - Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T09:12:26","indexId":"sir20145002","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5002","title":"Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012","docAbstract":"This study examined conservation easements and their effectiveness at reducing phosphorus and solids transport to streams. The U.S. Geological Survey cooperated with the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources and worked collaboratively with the Hawk Creek Watershed Project to examine the West Fork Beaver Creek Basin in Renville County, which has the largest number of Reinvest In Minnesota land retirement contracts in the State (as of 2013). Among all conservation easement programs, a total of 24,218 acres of agricultural land were retired throughout Renville County, and 2,718 acres were retired in the West Fork Beaver Creek Basin from 1987 through 2012. Total land retirement increased steadily from 1987 until 2000. In 2000, land retirement increased sharply because of the Minnesota River Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program, then leveled off when the program ended in 2002.\n\nStreamflow data were collected during 1999 through 2011, and total phosphorus and total suspended solids data were collected during 1999 through 2012. During this period, the highest peak streamflow of 1,320 cubic feet per second was in March 2010. Total phosphorus and total suspended solids are constituents that tend to increase with increases in streamflow. Annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.140 to 0.759 milligrams per liter, and annual flow-weighted mean total suspended solids concentrations ranged from 21.3 to 217 milligrams per liter. Annual flow-weighted mean total phosphorus and total suspended solids concentrations decreased steadily during the first 4 years of water-quality sample collection. A downward trend in flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations was significant from 1999 through 2008; however, flow-weighted total-phosphorus concentrations increased substantially in 2009, and the total phosphorus trend was no longer significant. The high annual flow-weighted mean concentrations for total phosphorus and total suspended solids in 2009 were affected by outlier concentrations documented in March 2009.\n\nAgricultural land-retirement data only were available through 2008; therefore, it was not possible to compare total phosphorus and total suspended solids concentrations to agricultural land-retirement data for 2009–11. A downward trend in annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations was related significantly to annual land retirement for 1999–2008. The relation between annual flow-weighted mean total suspended solids concentration and annual land retirement was not statistically significant for 1999–2008. If land-retirement data had been available for 2009–11, it is possible that the relation between total phosphorus and land retirement would no longer be evident because of the marked increase in flow-weighted concentrations during 2009. Alternatively, the increase in annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations during 2009–11 may be because of other factors, including industrial discharges, increases in drain tile installation, changes in land use including decreases in agricultural land retirement after 2008, increases in erosion, increases in phosphorus applications to fields, or unknown causes. Inclusion of land-retirement effects in agency planning along with other factors adds perspective with regard to the broader picture of interdependent systems and allows agencies to make informed decisions on the benefits of perpetual easements compared to limited duration easements.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145002","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., and Kieta, K.A., 2014, Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5002, Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1-1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145002.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1-1","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-025147","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145002.jpg"},{"id":282132,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/"},{"id":282192,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/pdf/sir2014-5002.pdf"},{"id":282193,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/downloads/Table1-1.xlsx"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 15","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"West Fork Beaver Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.5,44.5 ], [ -95.5,45.0 ], [ -94.5,45.0 ], [ -94.5,44.5 ], [ -95.5,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4e2be4b0b290850f1ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria G. 0000-0003-4166-7461 vglenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":2354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","email":"vglenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kieta, Kristen A. kkieta@usgs.gov","contributorId":5524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieta","given":"Kristen","email":"kkieta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}