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\n
\nIn this talk we discuss:
\n
\n(1) CEUS, (2) WUS (outside California), (3) California, (4) Ground motion models
\n
\nWe discuss the hazard maps and hazard curves used in the building code. The maps in this presentation are for 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years on a uniform firm rock site condition (VS30=760 m/s). Maps are for 0.2 s (5 Hz) spectral acceleration with 5% damping.
\n
\nWe consider difference maps (2014-2008) and ratio maps (2014/2008).
","conferenceTitle":"Tenth U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"July 21-25, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"USGS National Seismic Hazard Mapping Project","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.D., Moschetti, M.P., Powers, P.M., Mueller, C.S., Haller, K., Frankel, A.D., Zeng, Y., Rezaeian, S., Harmsen, S., Boyd, O.S., Field, E., Chen, R., Rukstales, K.S., Luco, N., Wheeler, R.L., and Olsen, A.H., 2014, 2014 update of the U.S. national seismic hazard maps, 17 p.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055466","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324742,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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haller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen M.","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua zeng@usgs.gov","contributorId":1623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science 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olboyd@usgs.gov","contributorId":956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":1165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward H.","email":"field@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chen, R","contributorId":117684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rukstales, Kenneth S. 0000-0003-2818-078X rukstales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-078X","contributorId":775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rukstales","given":"Kenneth","email":"rukstales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Luco, Nicolas 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":1188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nicolas","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Olsen, Anna H. aolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Anna","email":"aolsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70115030,"text":"70115030 - 2014 - Feedback of land subsidence on the movement and conjunctive use of water resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:57:54","indexId":"70115030","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feedback of land subsidence on the movement and conjunctive use of water resources","docAbstract":"The dependency of surface- or groundwater flows and aquifer hydraulic properties on dewatering-induced layer deformation is not available in the USGS's groundwater model MODFLOW. A new integrated hydrologic model, MODFLOW-OWHM, formulates this dependency by coupling mesh deformation with aquifer transmissivity and storage and by linking land subsidence/uplift with deformation-dependent flows that also depend on aquifer head and other flow terms. In a test example, flows most affected were stream seepage and evapotranspiration from groundwater (ETgw). Deformation feedback also had an indirect effect on conjunctive surface- and groundwater use components: Changed stream seepage and streamflows influenced surface-water deliveries and returnflows. Changed ETgw affected irrigation demand, which jointly with altered surface-water supplies resulted in changed supplemental groundwater requirements and pumping and changed return runoff. This modeling feature will improve the impact assessment of dewatering-induced land subsidence/uplift (following irrigation pumping or coal-seam gas extraction) on surface receptors, inter-basin transfers, and surface-infrastructure integrity.
","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.08.006","usgsCitation":"Schmid, W., Hanson, R., Leake, S., Hughes, J.D., and Niswonger, R., 2014, Feedback of land subsidence on the movement and conjunctive use of water resources: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 62, p. 253-270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.08.006.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"270","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037701","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92de4b04f417c2baa1a","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.08.006","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.08.006","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Schmid Wolfgang, Hanson R.T., Leake S.A., Hughes Joseph D., Niswonger Richard G.","journalName":"Environmental Modelling & Software","publicationDate":"12/2014","auditedOn":"11/5/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":84020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","affiliations":[{"id":13040,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T.","contributorId":116764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leake, Stanley A.","contributorId":117847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354 jdhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":2492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","email":"jdhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":2833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard G.","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18015","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:52:33.520536","indexId":"pp18015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"The characteristics of magma supply, storage, and transport are among the most critical parameters governing volcanic activity, yet they remain largely unconstrained because all three processes are hidden beneath the surface. Hawaiian volcanoes, particularly Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, offer excellent prospects for studying subsurface magmatic processes, owing to their accessibility and frequent eruptive and intrusive activity. In addition, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, founded in 1912, maintains long records of geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. As a result, Hawaiian volcanoes have served as both a model for basaltic volcanism in general and a starting point for many studies of volcanic processes.
\nMagma supply to Hawaiian volcanoes has varied over millions of years but is presently at a high level. Supply to Kīlauea’s shallow magmatic system averages about 0.1 km3/yr and fluctuates on timescales of months to years due to changes in pressure within the summit reservoir system, as well as in the volume of melt supplied by the source hot spot. Magma plumbing systems beneath Kīlauea and Mauna Loa are complex and are best constrained at Kīlauea. Multiple regions of magma storage characterize Kīlauea’s summit, and two pairs of rift zones, one providing a shallow magma pathway and the other forming a structural boundary within the volcano, radiate from the summit to carry magma to intrusion/eruption sites located nearby or tens of kilometers from the caldera. Whether or not magma is present within the deep rift zone, which extends beneath the structural rift zones at ~3-km depth to the base of the volcano at ~9-km depth, remains an open question, but we suggest that most magma entering Kīlauea must pass through the summit reservoir system before entering the rift zones. Mauna Loa’s summit magma storage system includes at least two interconnected reservoirs, with one centered beneath the south margin of the caldera and the other elongated along the axis of the caldera. Transport of magma within shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes occurs through dikes that can evolve into long-lived pipe-like pathways. The ratio of eruptive to noneruptive dikes is large in Hawai‘i, compared to other basaltic volcanoes (in Iceland, for example), because Hawaiian dikes tend to be intruded with high driving pressures. Passive dike intrusions also occur, motivated at Kīlauea by rift opening in response to seaward slip of the volcano’s south flank.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18015","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Miklius, A., and Montgomery-Brown, E.K., 2014, Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18015.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036759","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18015.PNG"},{"id":299349,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap5_Poland.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296671,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n -160.0927734375,\n 22.19757745335104\n ],\n [\n -159.54345703125,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -157.884521484375,\n 21.85130210558968\n ],\n [\n -155.709228515625,\n 20.86907773201848\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 19.580493479202538\n ],\n [\n -154.698486328125,\n 18.3858049312974\n ],\n [\n -155.555419921875,\n 18.145851771694467\n ],\n [\n -156.390380859375,\n 18.895892559415024\n ],\n [\n -156.73095703125,\n 20.066251024326302\n ],\n [\n -158.323974609375,\n 21.135745255030603\n ],\n [\n -159.730224609375,\n 21.70847301324598\n ],\n [\n -160.499267578125,\n 21.361013117950915\n ],\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bfe4b027f0aee3bb1e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543963,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543964,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886 asta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":2060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","email":"asta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","contributorId":5300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","indexId":"pp18019","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:39.427436","indexId":"pp18019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","docAbstract":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established as a natural laboratory to study volcanic processes. Since the most frequent form of volcanic activity in Hawai‘i is effusive, a major contribution of the past century of research at HVO has been to describe and quantify lava flow emplacement processes. Lava flow research has taken many forms; first and foremost it has been a collection of basic observational data on active lava flows from both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea volcanoes that have occurred over the past 100 years. Both the types and quantities of observational data have changed with changing technology; thus, another important contribution of HVO to lava flow studies has been the application of new observational techniques. Also important has been a long-term effort to measure the physical properties (temperature, viscosity, crystallinity, and so on) of flowing lava. Field measurements of these properties have both motivated laboratory experiments and presaged the results of those experiments, particularly with respect to understanding the rheology of complex fluids. Finally, studies of the dynamics of lava flow emplacement have combined detailed field measurements with theoretical models to build a framework for the interpretation of lava flows in numerous other terrestrial, submarine, and planetary environments. Here, we attempt to review all these aspects of lava flow studies and place them into a coherent framework that we hope will motivate future research.
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,{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","indexId":"pp18011","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-03T15:20:07.531376","indexId":"pp18011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","docAbstract":"In the beginning of the 20th century, geologist Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., argued that, to fully understand volcanic and associated hazards, the expeditionary mode of studying eruptions only after they occurred was inadequate. Instead, he fervently advocated the use of permanent observatories to record and measure volcanic phenomena—at and below the surface—before, during, and after eruptions to obtain the basic scientific information needed to protect people and property from volcanic hazards. With the crucial early help of American volcanologist Frank Alvord Perret and the Hawaiian business community, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established in 1912, and Jaggar’s vision became reality. From its inception, HVO’s mission has centered on several goals: (1) measuring and documenting the seismic, eruptive, and geodetic processes of active Hawaiian volcanoes (principally Kīlauea and Mauna Loa); (2) geological mapping and dating of deposits to reconstruct volcanic histories, understand island evolution, and determine eruptive frequencies and volcanic hazards; (3) systematically collecting eruptive products, including gases, for laboratory analysis; and (4) widely disseminating observatory-acquired data and analysis, reports, and hazard warnings to the global scientific community, emergency-management authorities, news media, and the public. The long-term focus on these goals by HVO scientists, in collaboration with investigators from many other organizations, continues to fulfill Jaggar’s career-long vision of reducing risks from volcanic and earthquake hazards across the globe.
\nThis chapter summarizes HVO’s history and some of the scientific achievements made possible by this permanent observatory over the past century as it grew from a small wooden structure with only a small staff and few instruments to a modern, well-staffed, world-class facility with state-of-the-art monitoring networks that constantly track volcanic and earthquake activity. The many successes of HVO, from improving basic knowledge about basaltic volcanism to providing hands-on experience and training for hundreds of scientists and students and serving as the testing ground for new instruments and technologies, stem directly from the acquisition, integration, and analysis of multiple datasets that span many decades of observations of frequent eruptive activity. HVO’s history of the compilation, interpretation, and communication of long-term volcano monitoring and eruption data (for instance, seismic, geodetic, and petrologic-geochemical data and detailed eruption chronologies) is perhaps unparalleled in the world community of volcano observatories. The discussion and conclusions drawn in this chapter, which emphasize developments since the 75th anniversary of HVO in 1987, are general and retrospective and are intended to provide context for the more detailed, topically focused chapters of this volume.
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,{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","indexId":"pp18018","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:09.708523","indexId":"pp18018","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","docAbstract":"This chapter, prepared in celebration of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatoryʼs centennial, provides a historical lens through which to view modern paradigms of Hawaiian-style eruption dynamics. The models presented here draw heavily from observations, monitoring, and experiments conducted on Kīlauea Volcano, which, as the site of frequent and accessible eruptions, has attracted scientists from around the globe. Long-lived eruptions in particular—Halema‘uma‘u 1907–24, Kīlauea Iki 1959, Mauna Ulu 1969–74, Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō-Kupaianaha 1983–present, and Halema‘uma‘u 2008–present—have offered incomparable opportunities to conceptualize and constrain theoretical models with multidisciplinary data and to field-test model results. The central theme in our retrospective is the interplay of magmatic gas and near-liquidus basaltic melt. A century of study has shown that gas exsolution facilitates basaltic dike propagation; volatile solubility and vesiculation kinetics influence magma-rise rates and fragmentation depths; bubble interactions and gas-melt decoupling modulate magma rheology, eruption intensity, and plume dynamics; and pyroclast outgassing controls characteristics of eruption deposits. Looking to the future, we anticipate research leading to a better understanding of how eruptive activity is influenced by volatiles, including the physics of mixed CO2-H2O degassing, gas segregation in nonuniform conduits, and vaporization of external H2O during magma ascent.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18018","usgsCitation":"Mangan, M.T., Cashman, K., and Swanson, D., 2014, The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18018.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045277","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18018.PNG"},{"id":299355,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap8_Mangan.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296663,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n -160.0927734375,\n 22.19757745335104\n ],\n [\n -159.54345703125,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -157.884521484375,\n 21.85130210558968\n ],\n [\n -155.709228515625,\n 20.86907773201848\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 19.580493479202538\n ],\n [\n -154.698486328125,\n 18.3858049312974\n ],\n [\n -155.555419921875,\n 18.145851771694467\n ],\n [\n -156.390380859375,\n 18.895892559415024\n ],\n [\n -156.73095703125,\n 20.066251024326302\n ],\n [\n -158.323974609375,\n 21.135745255030603\n ],\n [\n -159.730224609375,\n 21.70847301324598\n ],\n [\n -160.499267578125,\n 21.361013117950915\n ],\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c3e4b027f0aee3bb31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543971,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543972,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543973,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Katharine V.","contributorId":40097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katharine V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":3137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173649,"text":"70173649 - 2014 - Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T11:28:34","indexId":"70173649","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species","docAbstract":"Invasive pathogens are becoming increasingly important in forested ecosystems, yet they are often difficult to study because of their rapid transmission. The rate and extent of pathogen spread are thought to be partially controlled by variation in host characteristics, such as when host size and location influence susceptibility. Few host-pathogen systems, however, have been used to test this prediction. We used Port Orford cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), a foundation tree species in riparian areas of California and Oregon (USA), and the invasive oomycete Phytophthora lateralis to assess pathogen impacts and the role of host characteristics on invasion. Across three streams that had been infected for 13–18 years by P. lateralis, we mapped 2241 trees and determined whether they had been infected using dendrochronology. The infection probability of trees was governed by host size (diameter at breast height [DBH]) and geomorphic position (e.g., active channel, stream bank, floodplain, etc.) similarly across streams. For instance, only 23% of trees <20 cm DBH were infected, while 69% of trees ≥20 cm DBH were infected. Presumably, because spores of P. lateralis are transported downstream in water, they are more likely to encounter well-developed root systems of larger trees. Also because of this water-transport of spores, differences in infection probability were found across the geomorphic positions: 59% of cedar in the active channel and the stream bank (combined) were infected, while 23% of trees found on higher geomorphic types were infected. Overall, 32% of cedar had been infected across the three streams. However, 63% of the total cedar basal area had been killed, because the greatest number of trees, and the largest trees, were found in the most susceptible positions. In the active channel and stream bank, 91% of the basal area was infected, while 46% was infected across higher geomorphic positions. The invasion of Port Orford cedar populations by P. lateralis causes profound impacts to population structure and the invasion outcome will be governed by the heterogeneity found in host size and location. Models of disease invasion will require an understanding of how heterogeneity influences spread dynamics to adequately predict the outcome for host populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00043.1","usgsCitation":"Jules, E.S., Carroll, A.L., Garcia, A.M., Steenbock, C.M., and Kauffman, M., 2014, Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species: Ecosphere, v. 5, no. 9, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00043.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051236","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941fce4b04f417c256890","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jules, Erik S.","contributorId":13854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jules","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carroll, Allyson L.","contributorId":171539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Allyson","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, Andrea M.","contributorId":171540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steenbock, Christopher M.","contributorId":171541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steenbock","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew mkauffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":171443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173759,"text":"70173759 - 2014 - Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T14:47:20","indexId":"70173759","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential","docAbstract":"The alteration of forest cover and the replacement of native vegetation with buildings, roads, exotic vegetation, and other urban features pose one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. As more land becomes slated for urban development, identifying effective urban forest wildlife management tools becomes paramount to ensure the urban forest provides habitat to sustain bird and other wildlife populations. The primary goal of this study was to integrate wildlife suitability indices to an existing national urban forest assessment tool, i-Tree. We quantified available habitat characteristics of urban forests for ten northeastern U.S. cities, and summarized bird habitat relationships from the literature in terms of variables that were represented in the i-Tree datasets. With these data, we generated habitat suitability equations for nine bird species representing a range of life history traits and conservation status that predicts the habitat suitability based on i-Tree data. We applied these equations to the urban forest datasets to calculate the overall habitat suitability for each city and the habitat suitability for different types of land-use (e.g., residential, commercial, parkland) for each bird species. The proposed habitat models will help guide wildlife managers, urban planners, and landscape designers who require specific information such as desirable habitat conditions within an urban management project to help improve the suitability of urban forests for birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006","usgsCitation":"Lerman, S.B., Nislow, K.H., Nowak, D., DeStefano, S., King, D.I., and Jones-Farrand, D., 2014, Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 122, p. 29-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043798","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594238e4b04f417c2569e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lerman, Susannah B.","contributorId":171615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lerman","given":"Susannah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nislow, Keith H.","contributorId":103564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nislow","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, David J.","contributorId":171616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeStefano, Stephen 0000-0003-2472-8373 destef@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-8373","contributorId":166706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"Stephen","email":"destef@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, David I.","contributorId":34390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18918,"text":"Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones-Farrand, D. Todd","contributorId":54713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones-Farrand","given":"D. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173639,"text":"70173639 - 2014 - Re-evaluating neonatal-age models for ungulates: Does model choice affect survival estimates?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T11:13:20","indexId":"70173639","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Re-evaluating neonatal-age models for ungulates: Does model choice affect survival estimates?","docAbstract":"New-hoof growth is regarded as the most reliable metric for predicting age of newborn ungulates, but variation in estimated age among hoof-growth equations that have been developed may affect estimates of survival in staggered-entry models. We used known-age newborns to evaluate variation in age estimates among existing hoof-growth equations and to determine the consequences of that variation on survival estimates. During 2001–2009, we captured and radiocollared 174 newborn (≤24-hrs old) ungulates: 76 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Minnesota and South Dakota, 61 mule deer (O. hemionus) in California, and 37 pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) in South Dakota. Estimated age of known-age newborns differed among hoof-growth models and varied by >15 days for white-tailed deer, >20 days for mule deer, and >10 days for pronghorn. Accuracy (i.e., the proportion of neonates assigned to the correct age) in aging newborns using published equations ranged from 0.0% to 39.4% in white-tailed deer, 0.0% to 3.3% in mule deer, and was 0.0% for pronghorns. Results of survival modeling indicated that variability in estimates of age-at-capture affected short-term estimates of survival (i.e., 30 days) for white-tailed deer and mule deer, and survival estimates over a longer time frame (i.e., 120 days) for mule deer. Conversely, survival estimates for pronghorn were not affected by estimates of age. Our analyses indicate that modeling survival in daily intervals is too fine a temporal scale when age-at-capture is unknown given the potential inaccuracies among equations used to estimate age of neonates. Instead, weekly survival intervals are more appropriate because most models accurately predicted ages within 1 week of the known age. Variation among results of neonatal-age models on short- and long-term estimates of survival for known-age young emphasizes the importance of selecting an appropriate hoof-growth equation and appropriately defining intervals (i.e., weekly versus daily) for estimating survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0108797","usgsCitation":"Grovenburg, T.W., Monteith, K.L., Jacques, C.N., Klaver, R.W., DePerno, C.S., Brinkman, T.J., Monteith, K.B., Gilbert, S.L., Smith, J.B., Bleich, V.C., Swanson, C., and Jenks, J., 2014, Re-evaluating neonatal-age models for ungulates: Does model choice affect survival estimates?: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 9, e108797; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108797.","productDescription":"e108797; 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049674","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108797","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594229e4b04f417c25695a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grovenburg, Troy W.","contributorId":57712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":83400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacques, Christopher N.","contributorId":15521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacques","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DePerno, Christopher S.","contributorId":10327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePerno","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brinkman, Todd J.","contributorId":39696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinkman","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Monteith, Kyle B.","contributorId":141463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gilbert, Sophie L.","contributorId":171535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Sophie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, Joshua B.","contributorId":71883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bleich, Vernon C.","contributorId":10293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleich","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Swanson, Christopher C.","contributorId":58505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Christopher C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70173755,"text":"70173755 - 2014 - Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T16:23:27","indexId":"70173755","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data","docAbstract":"The Brownie tag-recovery model is useful for estimating harvest rates but assumes all tagged individuals survive to the first hunting season; otherwise, mortality between time of tagging and the hunting season will cause the Brownie estimator to be negatively biased. Alternatively, fitting animals with radio transmitters can be used to accurately estimate harvest rate but may be more costly. We developed a joint model to estimate harvest and annual survival rates that combines known-fate data from animals fitted with transmitters to estimate the probability of surviving the period from capture to the first hunting season, and data from reward-tagged animals in a Brownie tag-recovery model. We evaluated bias and precision of the joint estimator, and how to optimally allocate effort between animals fitted with radio transmitters and inexpensive ear tags or leg bands. Tagging-to-harvest survival rates from >20 individuals with radio transmitters combined with 50–100 reward tags resulted in an unbiased and precise estimator of harvest rates. In addition, the joint model can test whether transmitters affect an individual's probability of being harvested. We illustrate application of the model using data from wild turkey, Meleagris gallapavo,to estimate harvest rates, and data from white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, to evaluate whether the presence of a visible radio transmitter is related to the probability of a deer being harvested. The joint known-fate tag-recovery model eliminates the requirement to capture and mark animals immediately prior to the hunting season to obtain accurate and precise estimates of harvest rate. In addition, the joint model can assess whether marking animals with radio transmitters affects the individual's probability of being harvested, caused by hunter selectivity or changes in a marked animal's behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.1025","usgsCitation":"Buderman, F.E., Diefenbach, D.R., Casalena, M.J., Rosenberry, C.S., and Wallingford, B.D., 2014, Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data: Ecology and Evolution, v. 4, no. 8, p. 1439-1450, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1025.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1439","endPage":"1450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045452","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941b6e4b04f417c256784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buderman, Frances E.","contributorId":171634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buderman","given":"Frances","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casalena, Mary Jo","contributorId":98965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casalena","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Christopher S.","contributorId":171633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallingford, Bret D.","contributorId":171632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallingford","given":"Bret","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173754,"text":"70173754 - 2014 - Effect of hunter selectivity on harvest rates of radio-collared white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T21:10:09","indexId":"70173754","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of hunter selectivity on harvest rates of radio-collared white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Radio transmitters are a commonly used tool for monitoring the fates of harvested species, although little research has been devoted to whether a visible radio transmitter changes a hunters' willingness to harvest that animal. We initially surveyed deer hunters to assess their willingness to harvest radio-collared deer and predicted radio collars were unlikely to affect the harvest of antlerless deer, but hunters may be less willing to harvest small-antlered males with radio collars compared to large-antlered males. We fitted white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with radio collars that were visible to hunters or with ear-tag transmitters or ear-tags that were difficult to detect visually and estimated if harvest rates differed among marking methods. For females, the best model failed to detect an effect of radio collars on harvest rates. Also, we failed to detect a difference between male deer fitted with radio collars and ear-tag transmitters. When we compared males fitted with radio collars versus ear tags, we found harvest rate patterns were opposite to our predictions, with lower harvest rates for adult males fitted with radio collars and higher harvest rates for yearling males fitted with radio collars. Our study suggests that harvest rate estimates generated from a sample of deer fitted with visible radio collars can be representative of the population of inference.
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C.S.","contributorId":22884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallingford, Bret D.","contributorId":171632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallingford","given":"Bret","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Long, Eric S.","contributorId":171652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173561,"text":"70173561 - 2014 - Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T15:45:36","indexId":"70173561","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","docAbstract":"Characterizing fish assemblages in lentic ecosystems is difficult, and multiple sampling methods are almost always necessary to gain reliable estimates of indices such as species richness. However, most research focused on lentic fish sampling methodology has targeted recreationally important species, and little to no information is available regarding the influence of multiple methods and timing (i.e., temporal variation) on characterizing entire fish assemblages. Therefore, six lakes and impoundments (48–1,557 ha surface area) were sampled seasonally with seven gear types to evaluate the combined influence of sampling methods and timing on the number of species and individuals sampled. Probabilities of detection for species indicated strong selectivities and seasonal trends that provide guidance on optimal seasons to use gears when targeting multiple species. The evaluation of species richness and number of individuals sampled using multiple gear combinations demonstrated that appreciable benefits over relatively few gears (e.g., to four) used in optimal seasons were not present. Specifically, over 90 % of the species encountered with all gear types and season combinations (N = 19) from six lakes and reservoirs were sampled with nighttime boat electrofishing in the fall and benthic trawling, modified-fyke, and mini-fyke netting during the summer. Our results indicated that the characterization of lentic fish assemblages was highly influenced by the selection of sampling gears and seasons, but did not appear to be influenced by waterbody type (i.e., natural lake, impoundment). The standardization of data collected with multiple methods and seasons to account for bias is imperative to monitoring of lentic ecosystems and will provide researchers with increased reliability in their interpretations and decisions made using information on lentic fish assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., and Quist, M.C., 2014, Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 186, no. 7, p. 4461-4474, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4461","endPage":"4474","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042076","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92be4b04f417c2baa0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Jesse R.","contributorId":86618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jesse R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173492,"text":"70173492 - 2014 - Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis Microhabitat Characteristics and Reproductive Success in a Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T12:37:11","indexId":"70173492","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5090,"text":"The Open Ornithology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis Microhabitat Characteristics and Reproductive Success in a Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Forest","docAbstract":"We investigated the relationship between red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) reproductive success and microhabitat characteristics in a southeastern loblolly (Pinus taeda) and shortleaf (P. echinata) pine forest. From 1997 to 1999, we recorded reproductive success parameters of 41 red-cockaded woodpecker groups at the Bienville National Forest, Mississippi. Microhabitat characteristics were measured for each group during the nesting season. Logistic regression identified understory vegetation height and small nesting season home range size as predictors of red-cockaded woodpecker nest attempts. Linear regression models identified several variables as predictors of red-cockaded woodpecker reproductive success including group density, reduced hardwood component, small nesting season home range size, and shorter foraging distances. Red-cockaded woodpecker reproductive success was correlated with habitat and behavioral characteristics that emphasize high quality habitat. By providing high quality foraging habitat during the nesting season, red-cockaded woodpeckers can successfully reproduce within small home ranges.
","conferenceTitle":"Bentham Open","language":"English","doi":"10.2174/1874453201407010049","usgsCitation":"Wood, D.R., Burger, L.W., and Vilella, F., 2014, Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis Microhabitat Characteristics and Reproductive Success in a Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Forest: The Open Ornithology Journal, v. 7, p. 49-54, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874453201407010049.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056883","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874453201407010049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e5e4b07657d19ff249","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Douglas R.","contributorId":172166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burger, L. Wesley Jr.","contributorId":172167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burger","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wesley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vilella, Francisco 0000-0003-1552-9989 fvilella@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-9989","contributorId":171363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilella","given":"Francisco","email":"fvilella@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171568,"text":"70171568 - 2014 - Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-06T10:15:17","indexId":"70171568","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","docAbstract":"The oldest compiled U–Pb zircon ages for the Acasta Gneiss Complex in the Northwest Territories of Canada span about 4050–3850 Ma; yet older ca. 4200 Ma xenocrystic U–Pb zircon ages have also been reported for this terrane. The AGC expresses at least 25 km2 of outcrop exposure, but only a small subset of this has been documented in the detail required to investigate a complex history and resolve disputes over emplacement ages. To better understand this history, we combined new ion microprobe235,238U–207,206Pb zircon geochronology with whole-rock and zircon rare earth element compositions ([REE]zirc), Ti-in-zircon thermometry (Tixln) and 147Sm–143Nd geochronology for an individual subdivided ∼60 cm2 slab of Acasta banded gneiss comprising five separate lithologic components. Results were compared to other variably deformed granitoid-gneisses and plagioclase-hornblende rocks from elsewhere in the AGC. We show that different gneissic components carry distinct [Th/U]zirc vs. Tixln and [REE]zirc signatures correlative with different zircon U–Pb age populations and WR compositions, but not with 147Sm–143Nd isotope systematics. Modeled ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703714001161-si1.gif\" "\\"View")
[REE] from lattice-strain theory reconciles only the ca. 3920 Ma zircons with the oldest component that also preserves strong positive Eu∗ anomalies. Magmas which gave rise to the somewhat older (inherited) ca. 4020 Ma AGC zircon age population formed at ∼IW (iron–wüstite) to <FMQ (fayalite–magnetite–quartz) oxygen fugacities. A ca. 3920 Ma emplacement age for the AGC is contemporaneous with bombardment of the inner solar system. Analytical bombardment simulations show that crustal re-working from the impact epoch potentially affected the precursors to the Acasta gneisses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019","usgsCitation":"Mojzsis, S.J., Cates, N.L., Caro, G., Trail, D., Abramov, O., Guitreau, M., Blichert-Toft, J., Hopkins, M.D., and Bleeker, W., 2014, Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 133, p. 68-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042683","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57569eafe4b023b96ec2841d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mojzsis, Stephen J.","contributorId":170043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mojzsis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25657,"text":"Univ. of Colo., Dept. of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute, Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), Boulder, Colo.; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon & Universite Claude Bernard Lyon; Hungarian Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cates, Nicole L.","contributorId":170044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cates","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caro, Guillaume","contributorId":170045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caro","given":"Guillaume","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25659,"text":"Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques (CRPG), CNRS and Université de Lorraine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trail, Dustin","contributorId":170047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trail","given":"Dustin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25660,"text":"Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences and New York Center for Astrobiology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abramov, Oleg oabramov@usgs.gov","contributorId":604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramov","given":"Oleg","email":"oabramov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guitreau, Martin","contributorId":170048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guitreau","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blichert-Toft, Janne","contributorId":170049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blichert-Toft","given":"Janne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hopkins, Michelle D.","contributorId":170046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bleeker, Wouter","contributorId":170050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bleeker","given":"Wouter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25662,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70173700,"text":"70173700 - 2014 - Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T13:55:38","indexId":"70173700","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models","docAbstract":"An increasing number of studies employ spatial capture-recapture models to estimate population size, but there has been limited research on how different spatial sampling designs and trap configurations influence parameter estimators. Spatial capture-recapture models provide an advantage over non-spatial models by explicitly accounting for heterogeneous detection probabilities among individuals that arise due to the spatial organization of individuals relative to sampling devices. We simulated black bear (Ursus americanus) populations and spatial capture-recapture data to evaluate the influence of trap configuration and trap spacing on estimates of population size and a spatial scale parameter, sigma, that relates to home range size. We varied detection probability and home range size, and considered three trap configurations common to large-mammal mark-recapture studies: regular spacing, clustered, and a temporal sequence of different cluster configurations (i.e., trap relocation). We explored trap spacing and number of traps per cluster by varying the number of traps. The clustered arrangement performed well when detection rates were low, and provides for easier field implementation than the sequential trap arrangement. However, performance differences between trap configurations diminished as home range size increased. Our simulations suggest it is important to consider trap spacing relative to home range sizes, with traps ideally spaced no more than twice the spatial scale parameter. While spatial capture-recapture models can accommodate different sampling designs and still estimate parameters with accuracy and precision, our simulations demonstrate that aspects of sampling design, namely trap configuration and spacing, must consider study area size, ranges of individual movement, and home range sizes in the study population.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0088025","usgsCitation":"Sun, C.C., Fuller, A.K., and Royle, J., 2014, Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 2, e88025; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088025.","productDescription":"e88025; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049687","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":323105,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141634","text":"Correction: October 23, 2015"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f065e4b04f417c24dd36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Catherine C.","contributorId":70274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Angela K. 0000-0002-9247-7468 afuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7468","contributorId":3984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Angela","email":"afuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":138865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173686,"text":"70173686 - 2014 - Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T14:51:21","indexId":"70173686","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey","docAbstract":"The appeal of cost savings and faster results has fish and wildlife management agencies considering the use of Internet surveys instead of traditional mail surveys to collect information from their constituents. Internet surveys, however, may suffer from differential age-related response rates, potentially producing biased results if certain age groups respond to Internet surveys differently than they do to mail surveys. We examined this concern using data from a mixed-mode angler survey conducted in South Dakota following the 2011 fishing season. Results indicated that young anglers (16–18) had the lowest return rates and senior anglers (65+) had the highest, regardless of survey mode. Despite this consistency in response rates, we note two concerns: (a) lower Internet response rates and (b) different age groups represented by the Internet and mail survey samples differed dramatically. Findings indicate that constituent groups may be represented differently with the use of various survey modes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.880137","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L.M., and Dietsch, A., 2014, Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 3, p. 280-287, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.880137.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"287","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041985","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f032e4b04f417c24da4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Larry M. 0000-0002-1693-5113 lgigliotti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-5113","contributorId":3906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Larry","email":"lgigliotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Alia dietscha@usgs.gov","contributorId":4467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Alia","email":"dietscha@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173690,"text":"70173690 - 2014 - What predicts support for antler point restrictions?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T14:32:01","indexId":"70173690","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What predicts support for antler point restrictions?","docAbstract":"Although considerable research has focused on satisfaction with recreation experiences, limited work has examined factors related to regulatory support. In 2005, an antler point restriction (APR) regulation was introduced for hunting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Minnesota’s Itasca State Park. Hunter surveys were conducted following the 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009 seasons. We modeled how (a) satisfaction with the deer seen, (b) type of deer pursued, (c) agency trust, and (d) years of deer-hunting experience, influenced support for the APR, and compared the model over the four survey years. Type of deer pursued and agency trust were the strongest predictors of APR support, followed by satisfaction with deer seen, and years of hunting experience. Hunters who targeted big bucks, had more trust in the agency, and expressed more satisfaction with deer seen in the field, were more supportive of the APR. Hunters who had more deer-hunting experience were less supportive.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.915598","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, S., Cornicelli, L., Fulton, D.C., and Grund, M.D., 2014, What predicts support for antler point restrictions?: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 4, p. 301-318, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.915598.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"318","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052833","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f066e4b04f417c24dd4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Susan A.","contributorId":78235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornicelli, Louis","contributorId":168400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornicelli","given":"Louis","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grund, Marrett D.","contributorId":171467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grund","given":"Marrett","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173735,"text":"70173735 - 2014 - Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T21:42:18","indexId":"70173735","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2043,"text":"International Journal of Forestry Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"The northern hardwood forest type is an important habitat component for the endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (CNFS; Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) for den sites and corridor habitats between boreo-montane conifer patches foraging areas. Our study related terrain data to presence of northern hardwood forest type in the recovery areas of CNFS in the southern Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and southwestern Virginia. We recorded overstory species composition and terrain variables at 338 points, to construct a robust, spatially predictive model. Terrain variables analyzed included elevation, aspect, slope gradient, site curvature, and topographic exposure. We used an information-theoretic approach to assess seven models based on associations noted in existing literature as well as an inclusive global model. Our results indicate that, on a regional scale, elevation, aspect, and topographic exposure index (TEI) are significant predictors of the presence of the northern hardwood forest type in the southern Appalachians. Our elevation + TEI model was the best approximating model (the lowest AICc score) for predicting northern hardwood forest type correctly classifying approximately 78% of our sample points. We then used these data to create region-wide predictive maps of the distribution of the northern hardwood forest type within CNFS recovery areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","doi":"10.1155/2014/179415","usgsCitation":"Evans, A., Odom, R.H., Resler, L.M., Ford, W.M., and Prisley, S., 2014, Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians: International Journal of Forestry Research, v. 2014, Article 179415; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415.","productDescription":"Article 179415; 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056035","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.166259765625,\n 35.23664622093195\n ],\n [\n -84.1607666015625,\n 34.9805024453652\n ],\n [\n -83.0950927734375,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 35.523285179107816\n ],\n [\n -81.49108886718749,\n 36.25313319699069\n ],\n [\n -81.331787109375,\n 36.712467243386264\n ],\n [\n -81.617431640625,\n 36.760891249565624\n ],\n [\n -82.1173095703125,\n 36.19109202182454\n ],\n [\n -84.078369140625,\n 35.4159149234562\n ],\n [\n -84.166259765625,\n 35.23664622093195\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9330e4b04f417c275133","chorus":{"doi":"10.1155/2014/179415","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","authors":"Evans Andrew, Odom Richard, Resler Lynn, Ford W. Mark, Prisley Steve","journalName":"International Journal of Forestry Research","publicationDate":"2014","auditedOn":"11/17/2014","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Andrew","contributorId":171675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odom, Richard H.","contributorId":171659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Odom","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Resler, Lynn M.","contributorId":74215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resler","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prisley, Stephen","contributorId":26272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prisley","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192550,"text":"70192550 - 2014 - Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T11:26:15","indexId":"70192550","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast","docAbstract":"Body condition, or an individual's ability to address metabolic needs, is an important measure of organism health. For waterfowl, body condition, usually some measure of fat, provides a useful proxy for assessing energy budgets during different life history periods and potentially is a measure of response to ecosystem changes. The mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) is relatively poorly studied in respect to these dynamics and presents a unique case because its non-migratory life-history strategy releases it from metabolic costs experienced by many related migratory waterfowl species. Additionally, as a species in decline and of conservation concern in many parts of its range, traditional methods of fat content estimation that involve destructive sampling are less viable. The goal of this study was to produce an equation for estimating fat content in mottled ducks using birds (n = 24) donated at hunter-check stations or collected by law enforcement efforts on the Texas Chenier Plain National Wildlife Refuge Complex from 2005 - 2007. Morphometric measurements were taken, and ether extraction and fat removal was used to estimate percent body fat content and abdominal fat mass, respectively. A hierarchical simple linear regression modeling approach was used to determine external morphometrics that best predicted abdominal fat content. A ratio model based on body mass and a length metric (keel and wing chord length possessed equal model support) provided the best relationship with abdominal fat in sampled individuals. We then applied the regression equation to historical check station data to examine fluctuations in fat content over time; fat content or condition varied relatively little with the exception of years characterized by major disturbances. The mottled duck condition model created here can be used to better monitor population status and health without destructively sampling individuals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Kearns, B., Haukos, D.A., Walther, P., and Conway, W.C., 2014, Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2015, p. 274-280.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"274","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-057821","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347449,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kearns, Brian","contributorId":198470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kearns","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walther, Patrick","contributorId":42153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conway, Warren C.","contributorId":51550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048959,"text":"pp18013 - 2014 - Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048959,"text":"pp18013 - 2014 - Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18013","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"3","title":"Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:50:08.212532","indexId":"pp18013","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"3","title":"Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"The 19 known shield volcanoes of the main Hawaiian Islands—15 now emergent, 3 submerged, and 1 newly born and still submarine—lie at the southeast end of a long-lived hot spot chain. As the Pacific Plate of the Earth’s lithosphere moves slowly northwestward over the Hawaiian hot spot, volcanoes are successively born above it, evolve as they drift away from it, and eventually die and subside beneath the ocean surface.
\nThe massive outpouring of lava flows from Hawaiian volcanoes weighs upon the oceanic crust, depressing it by as much as 5 km along an axial Hawaiian Moat. The periphery of subsidence is marked by the surrounding Hawaiian Arch. Subsidence is ongoing throughout almost all of a volcano’s life.
\nDuring its active life, an idealized Hawaiian volcano passes through four eruptive stages: preshield, shield, postshield, and rejuvenated. Though imperfectly named, these stages match our understanding of the growth history and compositional variation of the Hawaiian volcanoes; the stages reflect variations in the amount and rate of heat supplied to the lithosphere as it overrides the hot spot. Principal growth occurs in the first 1–2 million years as each volcano rises from the sea floor or submarine flank of an adjacent volcano. Volcanic extinction ensues as a volcano moves away from the hot spot.
\nEruptive-stage boundaries are drawn somewhat arbitrarily because of their transitional nature. Preshield-stage lava is alkalic as a consequence of a nascent magma-transport system and less extensive melting at the periphery of the mantle plume fed by the hot spot. The shield stage is the most productive volcanically, and each Hawaiian volcano erupts an estimated 80–95 percent of its ultimate volume in tholeiitic lavas during this stage. Shield-stage volcanism marks the time when a volcano is near or above the hot spot and its magma supply system is robust. This most active stage may also be the peak time when giant landslides modify the flanks of the volcanoes, although such processes begin earlier and extend later in the life of the volcanoes.
\nLate-shield strata extend the silica range as alkali basalt and even hawaiite lava flows are sparsely interlayered with tholeiite at some volcanoes. Rare are more highly fractionated shield-stage lava flows, which may reach 68 weight percent SiO2. Intervolcano compositional differences result mainly from variations in the part of the mantle plume sampled by magmatism and the distribution of magma sources within it.
\nVolcanism wanes gradually as Hawaiian volcanoes move away from the hot spot, passing from the shield stage into the postshield stage. Shallow magma reservoirs (1–7-km depth) of the shield-stage volcanoes cannot be sustained as magma supply lessens, but smaller reservoirs at 20–30-km depth persist. The rate of extrusion diminishes by a factor of 10 late in the shield stage, and the composition of erupted lava becomes more alkalic—albeit erratically—as the degree of melting diminishes. The variation makes this transition, from late shield to postshield, difficult to define rigorously. Of the volcanoes old enough to have seen this transition, eight have postshield strata sufficiently distinct and widespread to map separately. Only two, Ko‘olau and Lāna‘i, lack rocks of postshield composition.
\nFive Hawaiian volcanoes have seen rejuvenated-stage volcanism following quiescent periods that ranged from 2.0 to less than 0.5 million years. The rejuvenated stage can be brief—only one or two eruptive episodes—or notably durable. That on Ni‘ihau lasted from 2.2 to 0.4 million years ago; on Kaua‘i, the stage has been ongoing since 3.5 million years ago. As transitions go, the rejuvenated stage may be thought of as the long tail of alkalic volcanism that begins in late-shield time and persists through the postshield (+rejuvenated-stage) era.
\nBecause successive Hawaiian volcanoes erupt over long and overlapping spans of time, there is a wide range in the age of volcanism along the island chain, even though the age of Hawaiian shields is progressively younger to the southeast. For example, almost every island from Ni‘ihau to Hawai‘i had an eruption in the time between 0.3 and 0.4 million years ago, even though only the Island of Hawai‘i had active volcanoes in their shield stage during that time.
\nOnce they have formed, Hawaiian volcanoes become subject to a spectrum of processes of degradation. Primary among these are subaerial erosion, landslides, and subsidence. The islands, especially those that grow high above sea level, experience mean annual precipitation that locally exceeds 9 m, leading to rapid erosion that can carve deep canyons in
less than 1 million years.
\nHawaiian volcanoes have also been modified by giant landslides. Seventeen discrete slides that formed in the past 5 m.y. have been identified around the main Hawaiian Islands, and fully 70 are known along the Hawaiian Ridge between Midway Islands and the Island of Hawai‘i. These giant landslides displace large amounts of seawater to generate catastrophic giant waves (megatsunami). The geologic evidence for megatsunami in the Hawaiian Islands includes chaotic coral and lava-clast breccia preserved as high as 155 m above sea level on Lāna‘i and Moloka‘i.
\nLarge Hawaiian volcanoes can persist as islands through the rapid subsidence by building upward rapidly enough. But in the long run, subsidence, coupled with surface erosion, erases any volcanic remnant above sea level in about 15 m.y. One consequence of subsidence, in concert with eustatic changes in sea level, is the drowning of coral reefs that drape the submarine flanks of the actively subsiding volcanoes. At least six reefs northwest of the Island of Hawai‘i form a stairstep configuration, the oldest being deepest.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18013","usgsCitation":"Clague, D.A., and Sherrod, D.R., 2014, Growth and degradation of Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18013.","productDescription":"50 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038093","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18013.PNG"},{"id":296669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299344,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap3_Clague.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n -160.0927734375,\n 22.19757745335104\n ],\n [\n -159.54345703125,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -157.884521484375,\n 21.85130210558968\n ],\n [\n -155.709228515625,\n 20.86907773201848\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 19.580493479202538\n ],\n [\n -154.698486328125,\n 18.3858049312974\n ],\n [\n -155.555419921875,\n 18.145851771694467\n ],\n [\n -156.390380859375,\n 18.895892559415024\n ],\n [\n -156.73095703125,\n 20.066251024326302\n ],\n [\n -158.323974609375,\n 21.135745255030603\n ],\n [\n -159.730224609375,\n 21.70847301324598\n ],\n [\n -160.499267578125,\n 21.361013117950915\n ],\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9b8e4b027f0aee3bb0c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543954,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543955,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543956,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Clague, David A.","contributorId":77105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clague","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18014","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:51:31.716552","indexId":"pp18014","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"Hawaiian volcanoes build long rift zones and some of the largest volcanic edifices on Earth. For the active volcanoes on the Island of Hawai‘i, the growth of these rift zones is upward and seaward and occurs through a repetitive process of decades-long buildup of a magma-system head along the rift zones, followed by rapid large-scale displacement of the seaward flank in seconds to minutes. This large-scale flank movement, which may be rapid enough to generate a large earthquake and tsunami, always causes subsidence along the coast, opening of the rift zone, and collapse of the magma-system head. If magma continues to flow into the conduit and out into the rift system, then the cycle of growth and collapse begins again. This pattern characterizes currently active Kīlauea Volcano, where periods of upward and seaward growth along rift zones were punctuated by large (>10 m) and rapid flank displacements in 1823, 1868, 1924, and 1975. At the much larger Mauna Loa volcano, rapid flank movements have occurred only twice in the past 200 years, in 1868 and 1951.
\nAll seaward flank movement occurs along a detachment fault, or décollement, that forms within the mixture of pelagic clays and volcaniclastic deposits on the old seafloor and pushes up a bench of debris along the distal margin of the flank. The offshore uplift that builds this bench is generated by décollement slip that terminates upward into the overburden along thrust faults. Finite strain and finite strength models for volcano growth on a low-friction décollement reproduce this bench structure, as well as much of the morphology and patterns of faulting observed on the actively growing volcanoes of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea. These models show how stress is stored within growing volcano flanks, but not how rapid, potentially seismic slip is triggered along their décollements. The imbalance of forces that triggers large, rapid seaward displacement of the flank after decades of creep may result either from driving forces that change rapidly, such as magma pressure gradients; from resisting forces that rapidly diminish with slip, such as those arising from coupling of pore pressure and dilatancy within décollement sediment; or, from some interplay between driving and resisting forces that produces flank motion. Our understanding of the processes of flank motion is limited by available data, though recent studies have increased our ability to quantitatively address flank instability and associated hazards.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18014","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., and Morgan, J.K., 2014, Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18014.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042086","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18014.PNG"},{"id":299346,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap4_Denlinger.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n -160.0927734375,\n 22.19757745335104\n ],\n [\n -159.54345703125,\n 22.350075806124867\n ],\n [\n -157.884521484375,\n 21.85130210558968\n ],\n [\n -155.709228515625,\n 20.86907773201848\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 19.580493479202538\n ],\n [\n -154.698486328125,\n 18.3858049312974\n ],\n [\n -155.555419921875,\n 18.145851771694467\n ],\n [\n -156.390380859375,\n 18.895892559415024\n ],\n [\n -156.73095703125,\n 20.066251024326302\n ],\n [\n -158.323974609375,\n 21.135745255030603\n ],\n [\n -159.730224609375,\n 21.70847301324598\n ],\n [\n -160.499267578125,\n 21.361013117950915\n ],\n [\n -160.68603515625,\n 21.657428197370653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bde4b027f0aee3bb18","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543957,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543958,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543959,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Julia K.","contributorId":127859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7173,"text":"Rice University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70154820,"text":"70154820 - 2014 - A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T15:36:55","indexId":"70154820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3902,"text":"International Wader Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus","docAbstract":"The American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus is the most widely distributed of the four oystercatcher species in the Western Hemisphere. Its range covers almost the entire Atlantic Coast from northeastern United States to southern Argentina; on the Pacific Coast it is found from northern Mexico to central Chile. This assessment covers the entire range of the species, and is not intended to serve as a substitute or update for conservation plans that cover the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast populations. Readers are advised to refer to those plans, available at www.whsrn.org, for more detailed information about U.S. populations.
\nThe subspecific taxonomy of H. palliatus is far from clear, but five races are recognized in this assessment, primarily to facilitate reference to specific populations (Fig. 1). These are nominate H. p. palliatus (coasts of eastern and southern United States; eastern Mexico; Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Central America; the Caribbean; and northern and eastern South America);H. p. frazari (Gulf of California and western Mexico); H. p. pitanay (coast of western South America); H. p. durnfordi (coast of southeast South America) and H. p. galapagensis (Galapagos Islands). The Galapagos race may deserve species status.
\nBased on a review of existing population estimates and an extrapolation of data from quantitative surveys throughout its range, revised estimates are given for the populations of all five subspecies, and a total population of about 43,000 individuals. The nominate race is the most abundant with an estimated population size of about 20,000 individuals, while the least abundant is H. p. galapagensis, with just 300 individuals estimated. Biogeographic population estimates were used to determine 1% threshold levels and identify sites of regional and global conservation importance. A total of 20 sites have been identified for H. p. palliatus, 5 for H. p. frazari, 10 for H. p. pitanay and 10 for H. p. durnfordi. No key sites were identified for H. p. galapagensis as it is found in low density scattered throughout the islands. Of these 45 sites, 14 have counts that surpass the 1% level of the global population, and are thus of global conservation significance for the species. Because the species is a dispersed breeder, the 1% threshold is of limited value in identifying key breeding sites. For the time being, these have been defined as sites holding 20 or more breeding pairs; 17 such sites have been identified, with all but four in the United States. It is hoped that a more rigorous approach for identifying key breeding sites can be developed in the future.
\nAs an obligate coastal species, American Oystercatcher is at risk from widespread habitat loss due to coastal development, and recreational activities that lead to nest disturbance and increased predation. This is exacerbated by the species’ low population size and low reproductive success. Climate change also poses a significant future threat, especially with regard to sea-level rise.
\nTo address these threats, conservation actions are proposed that focus on increased legal protection for the species and on the conservation of key sites and important habitats. Conservation could include implementing beneficial management practices, such as restoration of nest and roost sites, controlling predation, and reducing disturbance. Education and outreach programs are needed throughout the species’ range, especially for beach users and urban planners. Training programs will be necessary to ensure successful implementation of many of the priority conservation actions. Finally, a key first step in conserving this species across its range is the creation of a H. palliatus Working Group. Modelled after the U.S. American Oystercatcher Working Group this organization could unite researchers, conservationists, and educators from across the hemisphere to foster coordinated research, conservation action, and monitoring as outlined in this assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","usgsCitation":"Clay, R.P., Lesterhuis, A.J., Schulte, S.A., Brown, S., Reynolds, D., and Simons, T.R., 2014, A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus: International Wader Studies, v. 20, p. 62-82.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"82","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049948","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waderstudygroup.org/article/1620/"}],"volume":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92aae4b05d6c4e501a3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clay, Rob","contributorId":146618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"Rob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lesterhuis, Arne J.","contributorId":146619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesterhuis","given":"Arne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh A.","contributorId":60765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Debra","contributorId":146620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Debra","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70111959,"text":"70111959 - 2014 - The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T11:44:22","indexId":"70111959","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations","docAbstract":"Change in the size of populations over space and time is, arguably, the motivation for much of pure and applied ecological research. The fundamental model for the dynamics of any population is straightforward: the net change in the abundance is the simple difference between the number of individuals entering the population and the number leaving the population, either or both of which may change in response to factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the population. While harvest of individuals from a population constitutes a clear extrinsic source of removal of individuals, the response of populations to harvest is frequently complex, reflecting an interaction of harvest with one or more population processes. Here we consider the role of these interactions, and factors influencing them, on the effective harvest management of waterfowl populations. We review historical ideas concerning harvest and discuss the relationship(s) between waterfowl life histories and the development and application of population models to inform harvest management. The influence of population structure (age, spatial) on derivation of optimal harvest strategies (with and without explicit consideration of various sources of uncertainty) is considered. In addition to population structure, we discuss how the optimal harvest strategy may be influenced by: 1) patterns of density-dependence in one or more vital rates, and 2) heterogeneity in vital rates among individuals within an age-sex-size class. Although derivation of the optimal harvest strategy for simple population models (with or without structure) is generally straightforward, there are several potential difficulties in application. In particular, uncertainty concerning the population structure at the time of harvest, and the ability to regulate the structure of the harvest itself, are significant complications. We therefore review the evidence of effects of harvest on waterfowl populations. Some of this evidence has focussed on correspondence of data with more phenomenological models and other evidence relates to specific mechanisms, including densitydependence and heterogeneity. An important part of this evidence is found in the evolution of model weights under various adaptive harvest management programmes of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for North American waterfowl.
\nOverall, there is substantial uncertainty about system dynamics, about the impacts of potential management and conservation decisions on those dynamics, and how to optimise management decisions in the presence of such uncertainties. Such relationships are unlikely to be stationary over space or time, and selective harvest of some individuals can potentially alter life history allocation of resources over time – both of which will potentially influence optimal harvest strategies. These sources of variation and uncertainty argue for the use of adaptive approaches to waterfowl harvest management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl and Wetland Trust","usgsCitation":"Cooch, E.G., Guillemain, M., Boomer, G., Lebreton, J., and Nichols, J., 2014, The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations: Wildfowl, v. Special Issue 4, p. 220-276.","productDescription":"57 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"276","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055408","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/2608"}],"volume":"Special Issue 4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c345e4b0e02680be59ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooch, Evan G.","contributorId":100673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guillemain, Matthieu","contributorId":141131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guillemain","given":"Matthieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13683,"text":"French National Hunting and Wildlife Agency (ONCFS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boomer, G Scott","contributorId":172150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boomer","given":"G Scott","affiliations":[{"id":26994,"text":"Div. of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lebreton, Jean-Dominique","contributorId":172792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebreton","given":"Jean-Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173598,"text":"70173598 - 2014 - A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:48:04","indexId":"70173598","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.","docAbstract":"There is considerable uncertainty about the relative roles of stream habitat and landscape characteristics in structuring stream-fish assemblages. We evaluated the relative importance of environmental characteristics on fish occupancy at the local and landscape scales within the upper Little Tennessee River basin of Georgia and North Carolina. Fishes were sampled using a quadrat sample design at 525 channel units within 48 study reaches during two consecutive years. We evaluated species–habitat relationships (local and landscape factors) by developing hierarchical, multispecies occupancy models. Modeling results suggested that fish occupancy within the Little Tennessee River basin was primarily influenced by stream topology and topography, urban land coverage, and channel unit types. Landscape scale factors (e.g., urban land coverage and elevation) largely controlled the fish assemblage structure at a stream-reach level, and local-scale factors (i.e., channel unit types) influenced fish distribution within stream reaches. Our study demonstrates the utility of a multi-scaled approach and the need to account for hierarchy and the interscale interactions of factors influencing assemblage structure prior to monitoring fish assemblages, developing biological management plans, or allocating management resources throughout a stream system.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.935478","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, J., and Peterson, J., 2014, A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 5, p. 1358-1371, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.935478.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1358","endPage":"1371","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054180","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Little Tennessee River Basin","volume":"143","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a932fe4b04f417c27511a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, Joseph","contributorId":41354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}