{"pageNumber":"571","pageRowStart":"14250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70058455,"text":"sir20135226 - 2014 - Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-07T08:07:04","indexId":"sir20135226","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-07T07:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5226","title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, is studying the fate and transport of waste solutes in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in eastern Idaho. This effort requires an understanding of the natural and anthropogenic geochemistry of groundwater at the INL and of the important physical and chemical processes controlling the geochemistry. In this study, the USGS applied geochemical modeling to investigate the geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, which provide groundwater recharge to the ESRP aquifer underlying the northeastern part of the INL.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data used in this study include petrology and mineralogy from 2 sediment and 3 rock samples, and water-quality analyses from 4 surface-water and 18 groundwater samples. The mineralogy of the sediment and rock samples was analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and the mineralogy and petrology of the rock samples were examined in thin sections. The water samples were analyzed for field parameters, major ions, silica, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, trace elements, tritium, and the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater geochemistry was influenced by reactions with rocks of the geologic terranes—carbonate rocks, rhyolite, basalt, evaporite deposits, and sediment comprised of all of these rocks. Agricultural practices near and south of Dubois and application of road anti-icing liquids on U.S. Interstate Highway 15 were likely sources of nitrate, chloride, calcium, and magnesium to groundwater.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater geochemistry was successfully modeled in the alluvial aquifer in Camas Meadows and the ESRP fractured basalt aquifer using the geochemical modeling code PHREEQC. The primary geochemical processes appear to be precipitation or dissolution of calcite and dissolution of silicate minerals. Dissolution of evaporite minerals, associated with Pleistocene Lake Terreton, is an important contributor of solutes in the Mud Lake-Dubois area. Oxidation-reduction reactions are important influences on the chemistry of groundwater at Camas Meadows and the Camas National Wildlife Refuge. In addition, mixing of different groundwaters or surface water with groundwater appears to be an important physical process influencing groundwater geochemistry in much of the study area, and evaporation may be an important physical process influencing the groundwater geochemistry of the Camas National Wildlife Refuge. The mass-balance modeling results from this study provide an explanation of the natural geochemistry of groundwater in the ESRP aquifer northeast of the INL, and thus provide a starting point for evaluating the natural and anthropogenic geochemistry of groundwater at the INL.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135226","collaboration":"DOE/ID-22227. Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Rattray, G.W., and Ginsbach, M.L., 2014, Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5226, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135226.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-037491","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135226.jpg"},{"id":282084,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5226/"},{"id":282085,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5226/pdf/sir2013-5226.pdf"}],"datum":"NAD 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Beaver Creek;Camas Creek;Camas National Wildlife Refuge;Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.2006,41.9922 ], [ -115.2006,45.3019 ], [ -110.3906,45.3019 ], [ -110.3906,41.9922 ], [ -115.2006,41.9922 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5b02e4b0b290850f9bca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsbach, Michael L.","contributorId":56972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsbach","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074669,"text":"fs20143006 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:56:56","indexId":"fs20143006","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-06T14:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3006","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of New York, elevation data are critical for coastal zone management, natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143006","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3006, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143006.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052807","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70074056,"text":"fs20143005 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:25:35","indexId":"fs20143005","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-06T14:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3005","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Maryland, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation such as the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed, flood risk management, urban and regional planning, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, coastal zone management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143005","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3005, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143005.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051742","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70071899,"text":"fs20133041 - 2014 - Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T08:33:46","indexId":"fs20133041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-05T11:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3041","title":"Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides streamflow and other related information needed by water-resource managers responsible for protecting people and property from floods, planning and managing water-resource activities, and protecting water quality. Streamflow statistics provided by the USGS, such as the 1-percent annual exceedance probability (100-year flood) and the 7-day 10-year low flow, are frequently used by engineers, flood forecasters, land managers, biologists, and others to guide their everyday decisions. Additionally, resource managers often need to know basin characteristics, the physical and climatic characteristics of a drainage basin, to help understand the mechanisms that control water availability, water quality, and aquatic habitats at various locations.</p>\n<p>Users of streamflow information often require streamflow statistics and basin characteristics at various locations along a stream. The USGS periodically calculates and publishes streamflow statistics and basin characteristics for streamflowgaging stations and partial-record stations, but these data commonly are scattered among many reports that may or may not be readily available to the public. The USGS also provides and periodically updates regional analyses of streamflow statistics that include regression equations and other prediction methods for estimating statistics for ungaged and unregulated streams across the State. Use of these regional predictions for a stream can be complex and often requires the user to determine a number of basin characteristics that may require interpretation. Basin characteristics may include drainage area, classifiers for physical properties, climatic characteristics, and other inputs. Obtaining these input values for gaged and ungaged locations traditionally has been time consuming, subjective, and can lead to inconsistent results.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133041","usgsCitation":"Pugh, A., 2014, Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3041, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133041.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046169","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133041.jpg"},{"id":282008,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3041"},{"id":282011,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3041/pdf/fs2013-3041.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4debe4b0b290850f1c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugh, Aaron L. apugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"Aaron L.","email":"apugh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70059052,"text":"sir20135233 - 2014 - Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:13:49","indexId":"sir20135233","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T10:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5233","title":"Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12","docAbstract":"<p>In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey and South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) began a study to estimate potential scour at selected bridges on local government (county, township, and municipal) roads in South Dakota. A rapid scour-estimation method (level-1.5) and a more detailed method (level-2) were used to develop estimates of contraction, abutment, and pier scour.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data from 41 level-2 analyses completed for this study were combined with data from level-2 analyses completed in previous studies to develop new South Dakota-specific regression equations: four regional equations for main-channel velocity at the bridge contraction to account for the widely varying stream conditions within South Dakota, and one equation for head change. Velocity data from streamgages also were used in the regression for average velocity through the bridge contraction.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Using these new regression equations, scour analyses were completed using the level-1.5 method on 361 bridges on local government roads. Typically, level-1.5 analyses are completed at flows estimated to have annual exceedance probabilities of 1 percent (100-year flood) and 0.2 percent (500-year flood); however, at some sites the bridge would not pass these flows. A level-1.5 analysis was then completed at the flow expected to produce the maximum scour. Data presented for level-1.5 scour analyses at the 361 bridges include contraction, abutment, and pier scour. Estimates of potential contraction scour ranged from 0 to 32.5 feet for the various flows evaluated. Estimated potential abutment scour ranged from 0 to 40.9 feet for left abutments, and from 0 to 37.7 feet for right abutments. Pier scour values ranged from 2.7 to 31.6 feet. The scour depth estimates provided in this report can be used by the SDDOT to compare with foundation depths at each bridge to determine if abutments or piers are at risk of being undermined by scour at the flows evaluated.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Replicate analyses were completed at 24 of the 361 bridges to provide quality-assurance/quality-control measures for the level-1.5 scour estimates. An attempt was made to use the same flows among replicate analyses. Scour estimates do not necessarily have to be in numerical agreement to give the same results. For example, if contraction scour replicate analyses are 18.8 and 30.8 feet, both scour depths can indicate susceptibility to scour for which countermeasures may be needed, even though one number is much greater than the other number. Contraction scour has perhaps the greatest potential for being estimated differently in replicate visits. For contraction scour estimates at the various flows analyzed, differences between results ranged from -7.8 to 5.5 feet, with a median difference of 0.4 foot and an average difference of 0.2 foot. Abutment scour appeared to be nearly as reproducible as contraction scour. For abutment scour estimates at the varying flows analyzed, differences between results ranged from -17.4 to 11 feet, with a median difference of 1.4 feet and an average difference of 1.7 feet. Estimates of pier scour tended to be the most consistently reproduced in replicate visits, with differences between results ranging from -0.3 to 0.5 foot, with a median difference of 0.0 foot and an average difference of 0.0 foot.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydraulics Engineering Center River Analysis Systems (HEC-RAS) software package was used to model stream hydraulics at the 41 sites with level-2 analyses. Level-1.5 analyses also were completed at these sites, and the performance of the level-1.5 method was assessed by comparing results to those from the more rigorous level-2 method. The envelope curve approach used in the level-1.5 method is designed to overestimate scour relative to the estimate from the level-2 scour analysis. In cases where the level-1.5 method estimated less scour than the level-2 method, the amount of underestimation generally was less than 3 feet. The level-1.5 method generally overestimated contraction, abutment, and pier scour relative to the level-2 method, as intended. Although the level-1.5 method is designed to overestimate scour relative to more involved analysis methods, many assumptions, uncertainties, and estimations are involved. If the envelope curves are adjusted such that the level-1.5 method never underestimates scour relative to the level-2 method, an accompanying result may be excessive overestimation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135233","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.F., Wattier, C.M., Liggett, R.R., and Truax, R.A., 2014, Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5233, Report: vi, 24 p.; 4 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135233.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 24 p.; 4 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044841","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135233.jpg"},{"id":281953,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_4.xls"},{"id":281950,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/"},{"id":281951,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix2"},{"id":281952,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_3.xls"},{"id":281955,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/pdf/sir2013-5233.pdf"},{"id":281956,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_1.xls"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.73,42.24 ], [ -104.73,46.19 ], [ -95.99,46.19 ], [ -95.99,42.24 ], [ -104.73,42.24 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5825e4b0b290850f7e91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Ryan F. 0000-0002-4544-6108 rcthomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-6108","contributorId":2702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ryan","email":"rcthomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wattier, Chelsea M.","contributorId":7993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wattier","given":"Chelsea","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liggett, Richard R.","contributorId":73105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liggett","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Truax, Ryan A.","contributorId":63305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truax","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70058742,"text":"fs20133117 - 2014 - Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T10:15:03","indexId":"fs20133117","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T10:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3117","title":"Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records","docAbstract":"Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records (CDRs) are high level Landsat data products that support land surface change studies. Climate Data Records, as defined by the National Research Council, are a time series of measurements with sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to identify climate variability and change. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is using the valuable 40-year Landsat archive to create CDRs that can be used to document changes to Earth’s terrestrial environment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133117","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3117, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133117.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052442","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133117.jpg"},{"id":281946,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3117/"},{"id":281948,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3117/pdf/fs2013-3117.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd63f8e4b0b290850ff285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70058731,"text":"sir20135221 - 2014 - Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T10:08:49","indexId":"sir20135221","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5221","title":"Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11","docAbstract":"<p>The population of Johnson County, Kansas increased by about 24 percent between 2000 and 2012, making it one of the most rapidly developing areas of Kansas. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program, began a comprehensive study of Johnson County streams in 2002 to evaluate and monitor changes in stream quality. The purpose of this report is to describe water-quality variability and constituent transport for streams representing the five largest watersheds in Johnson County, Kansas during 2003 through 2011. The watersheds ranged in urban development from 98.3 percent urban (Indian Creek) to 16.7 percent urban (Kill Creek). Water-quality conditions are quantified among the watersheds of similar size (50.1 square miles to 65.7 square miles) using continuous, in-stream measurements, and using regression models developed from continuous and discrete data. These data are used to quantify variability in concentrations and loads during changing streamflow and seasonal conditions, describe differences among sites, and assess water quality relative to water-quality standards and stream management goals.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Water quality varied relative to streamflow conditions, urbanization in the upstream watershed, and contributions from wastewater treatment facilities and storm runoff. Generally, as percent impervious surface (a measure of urbanization) increased, streamflow yield increased. Water temperature of Indian Creek, the most urban site which is also downstream from wastewater facility discharges, was higher than the other sites about 50 percent of the time, particularly during winter months. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were less than the Kansas Department of Health and Environment minimum criterion of 5 milligrams per liter about 15 percent of the time at the Indian Creek site. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were less than the criterion about 10 percent of the time at the rural Blue River and Kill Creek sites, and less than 5 percent of the time at the other sites. Low dissolved oxygen at all sites generally coincided with lowest streamflow and warmer water temperatures. Hourly dissolved oxygen concentrations less than 5 milligrams per liter were measured at all sites every year, indicating that even under normal climate conditions in non-urban watersheds such as Kill Creek, dissolved oxygen concentrations may not meet State aquatic-life criterion.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Specific conductance was nearly always highest in Indian and Mill Creeks, which were the most urban streams with the largest upstream discharges from wastewater treatment facilities. The largest chloride concentrations and variability were recorded at urban sites and during winter. Each winter during the study period, chloride concentrations in the most urban site, Indian Creek, exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-recommended criterion of 230 milligrams per liter for at least 10 consecutive days.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-recommended ecoregion criterion for turbidity was exceeded 30 (Indian Creek) to 50 (Blue River) percent of the time. The highest average annual streamflow-weighted suspendedsediment concentration during the study period was in Mill Creek, which has undergone rapid development that likely contributed to higher sediment concentrations. One of the largest suspended-sediment load events in Indian Creek was recorded in early May 2007 when about 25 percent of the total annual sediment load was transported during a period of about 2.25 days. A simultaneous load event was recorded in Kill Creek, when about 75 percent of the total annual sediment load was transported. Sediment yields generally increased as percent impervious surface increased.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Computed hourly total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations and yields and streamflow-weighted concentrations generally were largest in Indian and Mill Creeks. Annual percent contribution of total nitrogen in the Blue River from wastewater treatment facility discharges ranged from 19 percent in 2010 to 60 percent in 2006. Annual percent contribution of total nitrogen in Indian Creek from wastewater treatment facility discharges ranged from 35 percent in 2010 to 93 percent in 2006. The largest percent nutrient contributions from wastewater discharges coincided with the smallest annual precipitation and streamflow volume, resulting in less contribution originating from runoff.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Fecal indicator bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> density at the urban Indian Creek site was usually the largest of the five monitoring sites, with an annual median density that consistently exceeded the State primary contact criterion value but was less than the secondary contact criterion. Less than 1 percent of the total annual bacteria load in the Blue River and Indian Creek originated from wastewater discharges, except during 2006 when about 6 percent of the Indian Creek load originated from wastewater.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Continuous water-quality monitoring provides a foundation for comprehensive evaluation and understanding of variability and loading characteristics in streams in Johnson County. Because several directly measured parameters are strongly correlated with particular constituents of interest, regression models provide a valuable tool for evaluating variability and loading on the basis of computed continuous data. Continuous data are particularly useful for characterizing nonpoint-source contributions from stormwater runoff. Transmission of continuous data in real-time makes it possible to rapidly detect and respond to potential environmental concerns. As monitoring technologies continue to improve, so does the ability to monitor additional constituents of interest, with smaller measurement error, and at lower operational cost. Continuous water-quality data including model information and computed concentrations and loads during the study period are available at <a href=\"http://nrtwq.usgs.gov/ks/\" target=\"_blank\">http://nrtwq.usgs.gov/ks/</a>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135221","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T., and Gatotho, J., 2014, Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5221, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135221.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049314","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135221.jpg"},{"id":281941,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5221/"},{"id":281944,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5221/pdf/sir2013-5221.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Conic Equal-Area Projection","datum":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Blue River;Indian Creek;Kill Creek;Mill Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.1699,38.6994 ], [ -95.1699,39.1002 ], [ -94.4996,39.1002 ], [ -94.4996,38.6994 ], [ -95.1699,38.6994 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7d33e4b0b2908510f3bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa","contributorId":101993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gatotho, Jackline","contributorId":103582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatotho","given":"Jackline","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70058497,"text":"ofr20131168 - 2014 - Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T09:46:16","indexId":"ofr20131168","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1168","title":"Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine","docAbstract":"<p>Residents of the area near Houlton, Maine, have observed seasonal episodic blooms of algae and documented elevated concentrations of fecal-coliform bacteria and inorganic nutrients and low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Meduxnekeag River. Although point and nonpoint sources of urban and agricultural runoff likely contribute to water-quality impairment, the role of shallow groundwater inflows in delivering such contaminants to the Meduxnekeag River has not been well understood.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>To provide information about possible groundwater inflows to the river, airborne thermal infrared videography was evaluated as a means to identify and classify thermal anomalies in a 25-mile reach of the mainstem and tributaries of the Meduxnekeag River near Houlton, Maine. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, collected thermal infrared images from a single-engine, fixed-wing aircraft during flights on December 3–4, 2003, and November 26, 2004.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Eleven thermal anomalies were identified on the basis of data from the December 2003 flight and 17 from the November 2004 flight, which covered the same reaches of stream. Following image analysis, characterization, and prioritization, the georeferenced infrared images of the thermal anomalies were compared to features on topographic maps of the study area. The mapped anomalies were used to direct observations on the ground to confirm discharge locations and types of inflow. The variations in grayscale patterns on the images were thus confirmed as representing shallow groundwater-discharge zones (seeps), outfalls of treated wastewater, or ditches draining runoff from impervious surfaces.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians","usgsCitation":"Culbertson, C.W., Huntington, T.G., Caldwell, J.M., and O’Donnell, C., 2014, Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1168, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131168.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-032616","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131168.jpg"},{"id":281940,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1168"},{"id":281942,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1168/pdf/ofr2013-1168.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Houlton","otherGeospatial":"Meduxnekeag River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.201752,45.849369 ], [ -68.201752,46.401882 ], [ -67.649002,46.401882 ], [ -67.649002,45.849369 ], [ -68.201752,45.849369 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5850e4b0b290850f8044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culbertson, Charles W. cculbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"Charles","email":"cculbert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, James M. 0000-0001-5880-443X jmcald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-443X","contributorId":1882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"James","email":"jmcald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Cara","contributorId":79800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Cara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70073561,"text":"sir20145009 - 2014 - Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T09:23:47","indexId":"sir20145009","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T12:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5009","title":"Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012","docAbstract":"<p>The Illinois River Basin includes an area of diverse land use in northwestern Arkansas. Land-use data collected in 2006 indicate that most of the land in the basin is agricultural. The agricultural land is used primarily for production of poultry and cattle.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Eighteen sites were selected from the list of candidate sites based on drainage area, land use, presence or absence of an upstream wastewater-treatment plant, water quality, and other information gathered during the reconnaissance. An important consideration in the process was to select sites along gradients of forest to urban land use and forest to agricultural land use. Water-quality samples were collected for analysis of nutrients, and a multiparameter field meter was used to measure water temperature, specific conductance, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Streamflow was measured immediately following the water-quality sampling. Macroalgae coverage was estimated and periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities were sampled at each site. Stream habitat also was assessed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Many types of land-use, water-quality, and habitat factors affected one or more aspects of the biological communities. Several macroinvertebrate and fish metrics changed in response to changes in percent forest; sites that would be considered most disturbed, based on these metrics, are sites with the highest percentages of urban land use in their associated basins.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The presence of large mats of macroalgae was one of the most noticeable biological characteristics in several streams within the Illinois River Basin. The highest macroalgae percent cover values were recorded at four sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants. Macroalgae percent cover was strongly correlated only with bed substrate size, canopy closure, and specific conductance.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Periphyton metrics were most often and most strongly correlated with riparian shading, specific conductance, substrate turbidity, percent agriculture, poultry house density, and unpaved road density; some of these factors were strongly correlated with percent forest, percent urban, or percent agriculture. Total biovolume of periphyton was not strongly correlated with any of the land use, habitat, or water-quality factors assessed in the present study. Although algal growth typically increases with higher nutrient concentrations and less shading, the standing crop of periphyton on rocks can be reduced by herbivorous macroinvertebrates and fish, which may explain why total biovolume in Ozark streams was not strongly affected by water-quality (or other habitat) factors.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A macroinvertebrate index and several macroinvertebrate metrics were adversely affected by increasing urban and agricultural land use and associated environmental factors. Factors most commonly affecting the index and metrics included factors associated with water quality, stream geometry, sediment, land-use percentages, and road density. In general, the macroinvertebrate index was higher (indicative of least disturbance) at sites with greater percentages of forest in their basins, lower percentages of urban land in their basins, and lower paved road density. Upstream wastewater-treatment plants affected several metrics. For example, three of the five lowest macroinvertebrate index scores, two of the five lowest percent predator values, and two of the five highest percent gatherer-collector values were at sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Ozark Highlands fish index of biotic integrity and several fish metrics were adversely affected by increasing urban and agricultural land use and associated factors. Factors affecting these metrics included factors associated with nutrients, sediment, and shading. In general, the fish index of biotic integrity was higher at sites with higher percentages of forest in their basins, lower percentages of urban land in their basins, higher unpaved road density, and lower paved and total road density. Upstream wastewater-treatment plants seemed to affect some fish community metrics substantially but had little effect on other metrics. For example, three of the five lowest relative abundances of lithophilic spawner minus stonerollers and four of the five highest stoneroller abundances were at sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Interpretations of the results of the study described in this report are limited by a number of factors. These factors individually and collectively add to uncertainty and variability in the responses to various environmental stresses. Notwithstanding the limiting factors, the biological responses of macroalgae cover and periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish metrics to environmental variables provide multiple lines of evidence that biological communities of these streams are affected by recent and ongoing land-use practices.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>For several biological metrics there appears to be a threshold of about 40 to 50 percent forest where values of these metrics change in magnitude. However, the four sites with more than 50 percent forest in their basins were the four sites sampled in late May–early June of 2012 (rather than July–August of 2011). The relative influence of season and forest percentage on the biological communities at these sites is unknown.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145009","issn":"2328-032","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois River Watershed Partnership","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., Justus, B., and Meredith, B.J., 2014, Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5009, viii, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145009.","productDescription":"viii, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"101","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052375","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281886,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5009/"},{"id":281888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145009.jpg"},{"id":281887,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5009/pdf/sir2014-5009.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.666667,35.75 ], [ -94.666667,36.5 ], [ -94.0,36.5 ], [ -94.0,35.75 ], [ -94.666667,35.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd56d7e4b0b290850f72ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Justus, B. G. 0000-0002-3458-9656 bjustus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-9656","contributorId":2052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justus","given":"B. G.","email":"bjustus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meredith, Bradley J. bmeredith@usgs.gov","contributorId":5515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meredith","given":"Bradley","email":"bmeredith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70057875,"text":"sir20135205 - 2014 - Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T11:49:59","indexId":"sir20135205","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T11:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5205","title":"Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011","docAbstract":"Sediment-laden rivers and streams pose substantial environmental and economic challenges. Excessive sediment transport in rivers causes problems for flood control, soil conservation, irrigation, aquatic health, and navigation, and transports harmful contaminants like organic chemicals and eutrophication-causing nutrients. In Minnesota, more than 5,800 miles of streams are identified as impaired by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) due to elevated levels of suspended sediment.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the MPCA, established a sediment monitoring network in 2007 and began systematic sampling of suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity in rivers across Minnesota to improve the understanding of fluvial sediment transport relations. Suspended-sediment samples collected from 14 sites from 2007 through 2011 indicated that the Zumbro River at Kellogg in the driftless region of southeast Minnesota had the highest mean SSC of 226 milligrams per liter (mg/L) followed by the Minnesota River at Mankato with a mean SSC of 193 mg/L. During the 2011 spring runoff, the single highest SSC of 1,250 mg/L was measured at the Zumbro River. The lowest mean SSC of 21 mg/L was measured at Rice Creek in the northern Minneapolis- St. Paul metropolitan area.\n\nTotal suspended solids (TSS) have been used as a measure of fluvial sediment by the MPCA since the early 1970s; however, TSS concentrations have been determined to underrepresent the amount of suspended sediment. Because of this, the MPCA was interested in quantifying the differences between SSC and TSS in different parts of the State. Comparisons between concurrently sampled SSC and TSS indicated significant differences at every site, with SSC on average two times larger than TSS concentrations. The largest percent difference between SSC and TSS was measured at the South Branch Buffalo River at Sabin, and the smallest difference was observed at the Des Moines River at Jackson.\n\nRegression analysis indicated that 7 out of 14 sites had poor or no relation between SSC and streamflow. Only two sites, the Knife River and the Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, had strong correlations between SSC and streamflow, with coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) values of 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. In contrast, turbidity had moderate to strong relations with SSC at 10 of 14 sites and was superior to streamflow for estimating SSC at all sites. These results indicate that turbidity may be beneficial as a surrogate for SSC in many of Minnesota’s rivers.\n\nSuspended-sediment loads and annual basin yields indicated that the Minnesota River had the largest average annual sediment load of 1.8 million tons per year and the largest mean annual sediment basin yield of 120 tons of sediment per year per square mile. Annual TSS loads were considerably lower than suspended-sediment loads. Overall, the largest suspended-sediment and TSS loads were transported during spring snowmelt runoff, although loads during the fall and summer seasons occasionally exceeded spring runoff at some sites.\n\nThis study provided data from which to characterize suspended sediment across Minnesota’s diverse geographical settings. The data analysis improves understanding of sediment transport relations, provides information for improving sediment budgets, and documents baseline data to aid in understanding the effects of future land use/land cover on water quality. Additionally, the data provides insight from which to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of best management practices at the watershed scale.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135205","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Ellison, C.A., Savage, B.E., and Johnson, G.D., 2014, Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5205, vii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135205.","productDescription":"vii, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-044991","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135205.jpg"},{"id":281882,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5205/"},{"id":281883,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5205/pdf/sir2013-5205.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.24,43.5 ], [ -97.24,49.38 ], [ -89.49,49.38 ], [ -89.49,43.5 ], [ -97.24,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7626e4b0b2908510ab4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Christopher A. 0000-0002-5886-6654 cellison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5886-6654","contributorId":4891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Christopher","email":"cellison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, Brett E. besavage@usgs.gov","contributorId":5188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"Brett","email":"besavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Gregory D.","contributorId":46349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70055725,"text":"sir20135194 - 2014 - Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T10:53:34","indexId":"sir20135194","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T10:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5194","title":"Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon","docAbstract":"A hydrodynamic model with particle tracking was used to create individual-based simulations to describe larval fish dispersal through the restored Williamson River Delta and into Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. The model was verified by converting particle ages to larval lengths and comparing these lengths to lengths of larvae in net catches. Correlations of simulated lengths with field data were moderate and suggested a species-specific difference in model performance. Particle trajectories through the delta were affected by wind speed and direction, lake elevation, and shoreline configuration. Once particles entered the lake, transport was a function of current speed and whether behavior enhanced transport (swimming aligned with currents) or countered transport through greater dispersal (faster random swimming). We tested sensitivity to swim speed (higher speeds led to greater dispersal and more retention), shoreline configuration (restoration increased retention relative to pre-restoration conditions), and lake elevation (retention was maximized at an intermediate elevation). The simulations also highlight additional biological questions, such as the extent to which spatially heterogeneous mortality or fish behavior and environmental cues could interact with wind-driven currents and contribute to patterns of dispersal.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135194","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wood, T.M., Hendrixson, H.A., Markle, D.F., Erdman, C.S., Burdick, S.M., and Ellsworth, C.M., 2014, Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5194, Report: v, 33 p.; Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135194.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33 p.; Appendix A","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045337","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281864,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/section9.html"},{"id":281862,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/"},{"id":281863,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/pdf/sir2013-5194.pdf"},{"id":281865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135194.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Lake;Williamson River Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.166667,42.166667 ], [ -122.166667,42.583333 ], [ -121.666667,42.583333 ], [ -121.666667,42.166667 ], [ -122.166667,42.166667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72d5e4b0b290851088ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendrixson, Heather A.","contributorId":43602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrixson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markle, Douglas F.","contributorId":14530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markle","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erdman, Charles S.","contributorId":66102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellsworth, Craig M.","contributorId":14913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70048917,"text":"ds69CC - 2014 - National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-23T17:45:51.242","indexId":"ds69CC","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69","chapter":"CC","title":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey have completed the first assessment of the undiscovered, technically recoverable gas hydrate resources beneath the North Slope of Alaska. This assessment indicates the existence of technically recoverable gas hydrate resources—that is, resources that can be discovered, developed, and produced using current technology.\n\nThe approach used in this assessment followed standard geology-based USGS methodologies developed to assess conventional oil and gas resources. In order to use the USGS conventional assessment approach on gas hydrate resources, three-dimensional industry-acquired seismic data were analyzed. The analyses indicated that the gas hydrates on the North Slope occupy limited, discrete volumes of rock bounded by faults and downdip water contacts. This assessment approach also assumes that the resource can be produced by existing conventional technology, on the basis of limited field testing and numerical production models of gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs.\n\nThe area assessed in northern Alaska extends from the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska on the west through the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge on the east and from the Brooks Range northward to the State-Federal offshore boundary (located 3 miles north of the coastline). This area consists mostly of Federal, State, and Native lands covering 55,894 square miles. Using the standard geology-based assessment methodology, the USGS estimated that the total undiscovered technically recoverable natural-gas resources in gas hydrates in northern Alaska range between 25.2 and 157.8 trillion cubic feet, representing 95 percent and 5 percent probabilities of greater than these amounts, respectively, with a mean estimate of 85.4 trillion cubic feet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds69CC","collaboration":"Available on CD-ROM contact Energy Team CD Distribution","usgsCitation":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett, T.S., Agena, W.F., Lee, M.W., Lewis, K.A., Zyrianova, M.V., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T., and Pollastro, R.M., 2014, National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69, Report: vii, 101 p.; ReadMe; Executive Summary; CD-ROM .zip, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69CC.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 101 p.; ReadMe; Executive Summary; CD-ROM .zip","numberOfPages":"111","ipdsId":"IP-039154","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431363,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IOB90O","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Limits of the Gas Hydrate stability zone contour lines"},{"id":431362,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P962NZTI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Total Petroleum Systems"},{"id":431361,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IQPTP7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Assessment Units"},{"id":281872,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-cc/CD-ROM/REPORTS/DDS-69-CC.pdf"},{"id":281867,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-cc/"},{"id":281874,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-cc/CD-ROM/REPORTS/DDS-69_CC_EXECUTIVE_SUMMARY.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":281875,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-cc/CD-ROM.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":281873,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-cc/CD-ROM/READ_ME/READ_ME.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":281876,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds69cc.jpg"}],"projection":"Albers Conical Equal area projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.0,68.0 ], [ -168.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,68.0 ], [ -168.0,68.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517057e4b05569d805a33d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett, Timothy S.","contributorId":25465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Myung Woong","contributorId":15114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"","middleInitial":"Woong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lewis, Kristen A. 0000-0003-4991-3399 klewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4991-3399","contributorId":4120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Kristen","email":"klewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zyrianova, Margarita V. 0000-0002-3669-1320 rita@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3669-1320","contributorId":1203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zyrianova","given":"Margarita","email":"rita@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Klett, Timothy R. 0000-0001-9779-1168 tklett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Timothy R.","email":"tklett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pollastro, Richard M.","contributorId":25100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollastro","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70058700,"text":"70058700 - 2014 - Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T10:05:21","indexId":"70058700","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-02T13:20:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska","docAbstract":"Agricultural chemicals from nonpoint\nsources in groundwater are present in the major provinces\nof the High Plains aquifer in Nebraska. Nitrate and\ntriazine-herbicide concentrations in groundwater were\nassessed to establish preliminary relations between these\nconstituents and selected hydrogeologic, climatic, and\nland-use variables. Also, macropore flow paths were\nmeasured in an attempt to delineate their contribution\nto non-point source pollution from the study areas.\nWater from 82 wells in six study areas was analyzed\nfor nitrate; water from 57 of the 82 wells was analyzed\nfor triazine herbicides. Twenty-one independent variables\nwere identified that could potentially affect chemical\nconcentrations in groundwater. Data for 9 of 21\nindependent variables suspected of affecting concentrations\nof nitrate and triazine herbicides in groundwater\nwere collected from the well sites. The nine variables\nand their measured ranges were hydraulic gradient,\n0.0006–0.0053; hydraulic conductivity, 1.5–45.4 m\n(5–149 ft) per day; specific discharge, 0.004–0.091 m\n(0.0128–0.2998 ft) per day; depth to water, 0.91–76 m\n(3–250 ft); well depth, 12–168 m (40–550 ft); annual\nprecipitation, 30–100 cm (12.0–39.3 in.); soil permeability,\n1.9–23 cm (0.76–9.0 in.); irrigation-well density,\n0–8 irrigation wells per 2.59 km<sup>2</sup> (1 square mile); and\nannual nitrogen fertilizer use, 0–118 kg (0–260 lb) of\nnitrogen per acre. Macropore flow is listed in percent,\naverage per study area based on determinations from\ndye studies. In this instance, macropore flow is used to\nalso entail preferential flow paths. Nitrate concentrations\nranged from 0.1 to 45 mgL<sup>−1</sup>. Triazine-herbicide concentrations\nwere detected in samples from five of the six\nstudy areas in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to\n2.3 μL<sup>−1</sup>. Analysis indicated that there were significant\ndifferences in nitrate concentrations (averages-at 95 %\nconfidence level using Kendall Test) among the six\nstudy areas; no significant differences in triazineherbicide\nconcentrations were found. Concentrations\nof nitrate and triazine herbicide were determined (using\ncontingency-table analysis), to be significantly larger in\nmore intensively irrigated areas compared to less intensively\nirrigated areas. Preliminary correlations with the\nindependent variables and nitrate concentrations indicated\nsignificant relations at the 95%confidence level with\nvariables hydraulic conductivity, well depth, and irrigation\nwell density. Correlations with triazine-herbicide\nconcentrations indicated significant relations with hydraulic\nconductivity, specific discharge, well depth, annual\nprecipitation, and irrigation well density, as well as\nnitrate concentrations. Simple multiple-regression technique\nindicated that well depth and density and fertilizer\nuse explained about 51 % of the variation in nitrate\nconcentrations. Specific discharge and well depth explained\nabout 60 % of the variation in triazine-herbicide\nconcentrations. Macropore flow paths and specific discharge\nexplained 84 % of the total variation in triazineherbicide\nconcentrations. The use of trade names in this\nreport is for identification purposes only and does not\nconstitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0","usgsCitation":"Tindall, J.A., and Chen, A., 2014, Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 255, no. 1862, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051590","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281990,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,39.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"255","issue":"1862","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706de4b05569d805a439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tindall, James A. 0000-0002-0940-1586 jtindall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-1586","contributorId":2529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"James","email":"jtindall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Abraham","contributorId":73918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Abraham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70126396,"text":"70126396 - 2014 - Evaluation of a combined macrophyte–epiphyte bioassay for assessing nutrient enrichment in the Portneuf River, Idaho, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T15:44:36","indexId":"70126396","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-02T10:01:50","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of a combined macrophyte–epiphyte bioassay for assessing nutrient enrichment in the Portneuf River, Idaho, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We describe and evaluate a laboratory bioassay that uses </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Lemna minor</i><span> L. and attached epiphytes to characterize the status of ambient and nutrient-enriched water from the Portneuf River, Idaho. Specifically, we measured morphological (number of fronds, longest surface axis, and root length) and population-level (number of plants and dry mass) responses of </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">L. minor</i><span> and community-level (ash-free dry mass [AFDM] and chlorophyll </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span> [Chl </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>]) responses of epiphytes to nutrient enrichment. Overall, measures of macrophyte biomass and abundance increased with increasing concentrations of dissolved phosphorus (P) and responded more predictably to nutrient enrichment than morphological measures. Epiphyte AFDM and Chl </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span> were also greatest in P-enriched water; enrichments of N alone produced no measurable epiphytic response. The epiphyte biomass response did not directly mirror macrophyte biomass responses, illustrating the value of a combined macrophyte–epiphyte assay to more fully evaluate nutrient management strategies. Finally, the most P-enriched waters not only supported greater standing stocks of macrophyte and epiphytes but also had significantly higher water column dissolved oxygen and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and a lower pH. Advantages of this macrophyte–epiphyte bioassay over more traditional single-species assays include the use of a more realistic level of biological organization, a relatively short assay schedule (~10&nbsp;days), and the inclusion of multiple biological response and water-quality measures.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-3682-0","usgsCitation":"Ray, A.M., Mebane, C.A., Raben, F., Irvine, K.M., and Marcarelli, A.M., 2014, Evaluation of a combined macrophyte–epiphyte bioassay for assessing nutrient enrichment in the Portneuf River, Idaho, USA: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 186, no. 7, p. 4081-4096, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3682-0.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"4081","endPage":"4096","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-052225","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294260,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/0.1007/s10661-014-3682-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Portneuf River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.814585,42.918991 ], [ -112.814585,42.984325 ], [ -112.686526,42.984325 ], [ -112.686526,42.918991 ], [ -112.814585,42.918991 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"186","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb25e4b08312ac7cf028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ray, Andrew M.","contributorId":35667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raben, Flint","contributorId":58959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raben","given":"Flint","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marcarelli, Amy M.","contributorId":81821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcarelli","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70160693,"text":"70160693 - 2014 - Model distribution of Silver Chub (<i>Macrhybopsis storeriana</i>) in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-02T16:32:29","indexId":"70160693","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model distribution of Silver Chub (<i>Macrhybopsis storeriana</i>) in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"<p>Silver Chub (<i>Macrhybopsis storeriana</i>) was once a common forage fish in Lake Erie but has declined greatly since the 1950s. Identification of optimal and marginal habitats would help conserve and manage this species. We developed neural networks to use broad-scale habitat variables to predict abundance classes of Silver Chub in western Lake Erie, where its largest remaining population exists. Model performance was good, particularly for predicting locations of habitat with the potential to support the highest and lowest abundances of this species. Highest abundances are expected in waters &gt;5 m deep; water depth and distance to coastal habitats were important model features. These models provide initial tools to help conserve this species, but their resolution can be improved with additional data and consideration of other ecological factors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","publisherLocation":"Notre Dame, IN","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-171.2.301","collaboration":"Chris Castiglione of USFWS","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., and Castiglione, C., 2014, Model distribution of Silver Chub (<i>Macrhybopsis storeriana</i>) in western Lake Erie: American Midland Naturalist, v. 171, no. 2, p. 301-310, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-171.2.301.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049891","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.1500244140625,\n              42.23258474931335\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.21044921875,\n              42.00848901572399\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.27636718749999,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.419189453125,\n              41.840920397579936\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.485107421875,\n              41.713930073371294\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3148193359375,\n              41.68522004222073\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.1500244140625,\n              41.6195489884308\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.97973632812499,\n              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Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castiglione, Chris","contributorId":150899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castiglione","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70129170,"text":"70129170 - 2014 - Assessing effects of native forest restoration on soil moisture dynamics and potential aquifer recharge, Auwahi, Maui","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-27T19:01:31.219486","indexId":"70129170","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T15:30:39","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing effects of native forest restoration on soil moisture dynamics and potential aquifer recharge, Auwahi, Maui","docAbstract":"<p>Understanding the role of soils in regulating water flow through the unsaturated zone is critical in assessing the influence of vegetation on soil moisture dynamics and aquifer recharge. Because of fire, introduced ungulates and landscape-level invasion of non-native grasses, less than 10% of original dry forest (~730&thinsp;mm precipitation annually) still exists on leeward Haleakalā, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Native dry forest restoration at Auwahi has demonstrated the potential for dramatic revegetation, allowing a unique experimental comparison of hydrologic function between tracts of restored forest and adjacent grasslands. We hypothesized that even relatively recent forest restoration can assist in the recovery of impaired hydrologic function, potentially increasing aquifer recharge. To compare restored forest and grassland sites, we experimentally irrigated and measured soil moisture and temperature with subsurface instrumentation at four locations within the reforested area and four within the grassland, each with a 2&middot;5&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;2&middot;5-m plot. Compared with grassland areas, water in reforested sites moved to depth faster with larger magnitude changes in water content. The median first arrival velocity of water was greater by a factor of about 13 in the reforested sites compared with the grassland sites. This rapid transport of water to depths of 1&thinsp;m or greater suggests increased potential aquifer recharge. Improved characterization of how vegetation and soils influence recharge is crucial for understanding the long-term impacts of forest restoration on aquifer recharge and water resources, especially in moisture-limited regions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.1469","usgsCitation":"Perkins, K., Nimmo, J.R., Medeiros, A.C., Szutu, D.J., and von Allmen, E., 2014, Assessing effects of native forest restoration on soil moisture dynamics and potential aquifer recharge, Auwahi, Maui: Ecohydrology, v. 7, no. 5, p. 1437-1451, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1469.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1437","endPage":"1451","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049281","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Haleakalā, Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.88476562499997,\n              20.478481600090568\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.7861328125,\n              20.478481600090568\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.7861328125,\n              21.06399706324597\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.88476562499997,\n              21.06399706324597\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.88476562499997,\n              20.478481600090568\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54422f9ce4b0192a5a42f3d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Kim S. 0000-0001-8349-447X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-447X","contributorId":44097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kim S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medeiros, Arthur C. 0000-0002-8090-8451 amedeiros@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8090-8451","contributorId":2152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medeiros","given":"Arthur","email":"amedeiros@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Szutu, Daphne J. dszutu@usgs.gov","contributorId":5019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szutu","given":"Daphne","email":"dszutu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":503504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"von Allmen, Erica","contributorId":47712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Allmen","given":"Erica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70115661,"text":"70115661 - 2014 - Change detection using vegetation indices and multiplatform satellite imagery at multiple temporal and spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-07T15:19:23","indexId":"70115661","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T15:16:26","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Change detection using vegetation indices and multiplatform satellite imagery at multiple temporal and spatial scales","docAbstract":"<p>This chapter describes emerging methods for using satellite imagery across temporal and spatial scales using a case study approach to illustrate some of the opportunities now available for combining observations across scales. It explores the use of multiplatform sensor systems to characterize ecological change, as exemplified by efforts to scale the effects of a biocontrol insect (the leaf beetle <i>Diorhabda carinulata</i>) on the phenology and water use of <i>Tamarix</i> shrubs (Tamarix ramosissima and related species and hybrids) targeted for removal on western U.S. rivers, from the level of individual leaves to the regional level of measurement. Finally, the chapter summarizes the lessons learned and emphasize the need for ground data to calibrate and validate remote sensing data and the types of errors inherent in scaling point data over wide areas, illustrated with research on evapotranspiration (ET) of <i>Tamarix</i> using a wide range of ground measurement and remote sensing methods.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scale Issues in Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley and Sons","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/9781118801628.ch05","usgsCitation":"Glenn, E.P., Nagler, P.L., and Huete, A.R., 2014, Change detection using vegetation indices and multiplatform satellite imagery at multiple temporal and spatial scales, chap. <i>of</i> Scale Issues in Remote Sensing, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118801628.ch05.","ipdsId":"IP-041959","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289489,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118801628.ch05"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbc162e4b084059e8bfeb7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Weng, Qihao","contributorId":112678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weng","given":"Qihao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509914,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huete, Alfredo R.","contributorId":87291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huete","given":"Alfredo","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70104742,"text":"70104742 - 2014 - Evaluation of analytical techniques to determine AQUI-S® 20E (eugenol) concentrations in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T19:29:40.387295","indexId":"70104742","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T14:47:09","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of analytical techniques to determine AQUI-S® 20E (eugenol) concentrations in water","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is a critical need in U.S. public aquaculture and fishery management programs for an immediate-release sedative, i.e. a compound that can be safely and effectively used to sedate fish and subsequently, allow for their immediate release. AQUI-S® 20E (10% active ingredient, eugenol; any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government) is being pursued for U.S. approval as an immediate-release sedative. As part of the approval process, data describing animal safety and efficacy are needed. Essential to conducting studies that generate those data, is a method to accurately and precisely determine AQUI-S® 20E concentrations in exposure baths. Spectrophotometric and solid phase extraction (SPE)–high pressure liquid chromatography (LC) methods were developed and evaluated as methods to determine AQUI-S® 20E (eugenol) concentrations in water, methods that could be applied to any situation where eugenol was being evaluated as a fish sedative. The spectrophotometric method was accurate and precise (accuracy, &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>87%; precision, &lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.70 %CV) when determining eugenol concentrations in solutions of 50 to 1000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mg/L AQUI-S® 20E made with LC grade water and water with varying pH and hardness. The spectrophotometric method's accuracy was negatively affected when analyzing water containing fish feed. The SPE–LC method was also accurate and precise (accuracy &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>86%; precision &lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>8.9 %CV) when determining eugenol concentrations in solutions of 50 to 1000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mg/L AQUI-S® 20E made with LC grade water and water with varying pH and hardness. The SPE–LC method was influenced to a lesser degree by the presence of fish feed indicating greater specificity for eugenol.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.09.033","usgsCitation":"Meinertz, J.R., and Hess, K.R., 2014, Evaluation of analytical techniques to determine AQUI-S® 20E (eugenol) concentrations in water: Aquaculture, v. 418-419, p. 62-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.09.033.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-042622","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"418-419","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53771748e4b02eab8669ebf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meinertz, Jeffery R. 0000-0002-8855-2648 jmeinertz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-2648","contributorId":2495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meinertz","given":"Jeffery","email":"jmeinertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Karina R.","contributorId":50792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Karina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70115114,"text":"70115114 - 2014 - Nitrate fate and transport through current and former depressional wetlands in an agricultural landscape, Choptank Watershed, Maryland, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T14:28:58","indexId":"70115114","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T14:20:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrate fate and transport through current and former depressional wetlands in an agricultural landscape, Choptank Watershed, Maryland, United States","docAbstract":"Understanding local groundwater hydrology and geochemistry is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of wetlands at mitigating agricultural impacts on surface waters. The effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) transport from fertilized row crops, through groundwater, to local streams was examined in the watershed of the upper Choptank River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Hydrologic, geochemical, and water quality data were collected from January of 2008 through December of 2009 from surface waters and networks of piezometers installed in and around current or former depressional wetlands of three major types along a gradient of anthropogenic alteration: (1) natural wetlands with native vegetation (i.e., forested); (2) prior-converted croplands, which are former wetlands located in cultivated fields; and (3) hydrologically restored wetlands, including one wetland restoration and one shallow water management area. These data were collected to estimate the orientation of groundwater flow paths and likely interactions of groundwater containing NO<sub>3</sub> from agricultural sources with reducing conditions associated with wetlands of different types. Natural wetlands were found to have longer periods of soil saturation and reducing conditions conducive to denitrification compared to the other wetland types studied. Because natural wetlands are typically located in groundwater recharge areas along watershed divides, nitrogen (N) from nearby agriculture was not intercepted. However, these wetlands likely improve water quality in adjacent streams via dilution. Soil and geochemical conditions conducive to denitrification were also present in restored wetlands and prior-converted croplands, and substantial losses of agricultural NO<sub>3</sub> were observed in groundwater flowing through these wetland sediments. However, delivery of NO<sub>3</sub> from agricultural areas through groundwater to these wetlands resulting in opportunities for denitrification were limited, particularly where reducing conditions did not extend throughout the entire thickness of the surficial aquifer allowing NO<sub>3</sub> to pass conservatively beneath a wetland along deeper groundwater flow paths. The complexity of N fate and transport associated with depressional wetlands complicates the understanding of their importance to water quality in adjacent streams. Although depressional wetlands often contribute low NO<sub>3</sub> water to local streams, their effectiveness as landscape sinks, for N from adjacent agriculture varies with natural conditions, such as the thickness of the aquifer and the extent of reducing conditions. Measurement of such natural geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical conditions are therefore fundamental to understanding N mitigation in individual wetlands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Soil and Water Conservation Society","doi":"10.2489/jswc.69.1.1","usgsCitation":"Denver, J.M., Ator, S., Lang, M., Fisher, T., Gustafson, A., Fox, R., Clune, J., and McCarty, G., 2014, Nitrate fate and transport through current and former depressional wetlands in an agricultural landscape, Choptank Watershed, Maryland, United States: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 69, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.69.1.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-037456","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.69.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289305,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.69.1.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","otherGeospatial":"Choptank River;Choptank Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.3577,38.5417 ], [ -76.3577,39.2014 ], [ -75.5928,39.2014 ], [ -75.5928,38.5417 ], [ -76.3577,38.5417 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d86ae4b07c5f79a7f348","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denver, J. M.","contributorId":100356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, S.W. 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":104100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lang, M.W.","contributorId":68221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, T.R.","contributorId":89060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gustafson, A.B.","contributorId":98221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustafson","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fox, R.","contributorId":22686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clune, J.W.","contributorId":11510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clune","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCarty, G.W.","contributorId":24533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarty","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70099125,"text":"70099125 - 2014 - Guidelines for monitoring and adaptively managing restoration of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and steelhead (<i>O. mykiss</i>) on the Elwha River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T09:14:25","indexId":"70099125","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T14:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Guidelines for monitoring and adaptively managing restoration of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and steelhead (<i>O. mykiss</i>) on the Elwha River","docAbstract":"<p>As of January, 2014, the removal of the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams on the Elwha River, Washington, represents the largest dam decommissioning to date in the United States. Dam removal is the single largest step in meeting the goals of the Elwha River Ecosystem and Fisheries Restoration Act of 1992 (The Elwha Act) &mdash; full restoration of the Elwha River ecosystem and its native anadromous fisheries (Section 3(a)). However, there is uncertainty about project outcomes with regards to salmon populations, as well as what the &lsquo;best&rsquo; management strategy is to fully restore each salmon stock. This uncertainty is due to the magnitude of the action, the large volumes of sediment expected to be released during dam removal, and the duration of the sediment impact period following dam removal. Our task is further complicated by the depleted state of the native salmonid populations remaining in the Elwha, including four federally listed species. This situation lends itself to a monitoring and adaptive management approach to resource management, which allows for flexibility in decision-making processes in the face of uncertain outcomes.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The Elwha Monitoring and Adaptive Management (EMAM) guidelines presented in this document provide a framework for developing goals that define project success and for monitoring project implementation and responses, focused upon two federally listed salmon species &mdash; Puget Sound Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Puget Sound steelhead (O. mykiss). The framework also should serve as a guide to help managers adaptively manage fish restoration actions during and following dam removal. The document is organized into seven sections, including an introduction (Section 1), a description of the adaptive management approach (Section 2), suggested modifications to the existing restoration strategy developed in previous Elwha River restoration documents (section 3), specific descriptions of an adaptive management framework, including establishment of goals, performance indicators, and potential adaptive management responses to monitoring information (section 4), monitoring tools and methods for use in evaluating performance and project outcomes (section 5), and brief sections on data record keeping and reporting (Section 6) and an estimated budget (section 7).</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The purpose of the EMAM guidelines is to propose (1) refinement of existing goals established in previous documents (e.g., Ward et al. (2008), U.S. Department of the Interior, Department of Commerce, and Lower Elwha S&rsquo;Klallam Tribe (1994)); (2) an adaptive management framework, (3) specific trigger values for relevant performance indicators that guide the adaptive management approach, (4) a specific monitoring strategy for evaluating outcomes of restoration activities; (5) a data management strategy, (6) information needed for adjusting goals when observations indicate conditions are different from anticipated. When taken together, our proposed adaptive management guidelines rely upon setting goals and objectives for each species of interest, which are monitored by relevant performance indicators and measurable trigger values that define success within each phase of the project. The guidelines themselves are arranged in a hierarchy for each species of interest. The levels of this hierarchy are goals, objectives, performance indicators, decision rules, triggers, and decisions (i.e., management/policy response).</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The monitoring and adaptive management approach provided is based on monitoring several categories of performance indicators, each containing associated &lsquo;trigger&rsquo; values which, when met, alters restoration activities (e.g., hatchery releases and/or strategies) through four successive restoration phases. Performance indicators proposed in these EMAM guidelines are based upon Viable Salmon Population (VSP) metrics, including abundance, productivity, distribution, and diversity (McElhany et al. 2000). Trigger values for each performance indicator are developed for four different restoration phases: Preservation, Recolonization, Local Adaptation, and Viable Natural Population. These biologically-based phases each have a set of objectives that are based on resource management scenarios, including the dam removal project itself, which change largely based on the level of active management required and the degree, if any, of resource utilization. Thus, details of prescribed management actions for each phase are based upon different needs specific to that phase.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The creation of biologically-based phases is one of the major differences between our proposed EMAM guidelines and previously presented plans for Elwha River Restoration Project management. Changed largely in response to the recommendations of the most recent of three Hatchery Scientific Review Group project reviews (HSRG 2012), the goal-oriented phases replaced the previous system of temporal changes centered around the decommissioning of the dams (i.e., before, during, and after dam removal). By focusing on outcomes associated with rebuilding salmon populations instead of an engineering schedule, the guidelines are more amenable to an adaptive management framework and the ability for management actions to influence outcomes, particularly in the periods during and following dam removal.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Trigger values for each performance indicator were generally developed using existing data from the Elwha River watershed, the Puget Sound region, or other Pacific Northwest rivers (i.e., elsewhere in Washington State, Oregon, British Columbia) modified to be relevant for Chinook salmon and steelhead recovery in the Elwha River. By meeting all of the trigger value levels for all performance indicators for a set amount of time within a management phase, the guidelines call for moving to the next phase. This next phase has a new set of trigger values for the same performance indicators. For example, upon moving from the Preservation phase to the Recolonization phase, the trigger value for intrinsic potential increases. Intrinsic potential is a pre-defined estimate of the total extent of available habitat within a watershed for adult and juvenile fish, specific to the target species and is therefore a performance indicator of spatial distribution. By the final Viable Natural Population phase, the entire intrinsic potential of the watershed is being occupied by the species of interest. For those cases when a performance indicator is not exceeding the target value for a particular phase after a certain time period, the trigger values provided in this document, as well as a series of exogenous variables, are explored that may help explain why the performance indicator is not being met. These exogenous variables include variables that are not part of the suite of performance indicators, such as hatchery production, harvest, habitat, and ecosystem indicators. In these cases where the program is stuck in a particular recovery phase, the situation could be caused by the selection of inappropriate trigger values or unforeseen environmental conditions. If the former, adaptive management would call for existing monitoring data to be used for modifying trigger values to an appropriate level. If one of the exogenous variables is found to be preventing the program moving to the next phase, then appropriate changes to management would be advised.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>For each performance indicator and many of the exogenous variables, a set of monitoring tools were proposed. Data standards were also proposed for data generated by each monitoring tool. Data management, record keeping, and reporting of monitoring and adaptive management activities and results are also outlined. Management of data from the focused monitoring program and documenting the outcomes of trigger value evaluations and associated decisions from the adaptive management approach are key components of the EMAM guidelines. Without a clear history of data generated and adaptive management decisions taken by managers, the ability to learn through adaptive management breaks down. In addition to the long time period involved, another complication is the fact that the data will likely be collected by different federal and state agencies, tribal staff, and others. Having a system of reporting developed should help alleviate potential problems.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The restoration of the migration route to spawning and rearing habitats upstream of the former Glines Canyon Dam represents a great opportunity for salmon on the Olympic Peninsula. By removing two aging structures, it will be possible for all 5 species of salmon and steelhead to return to wild stretches of the Elwha River and major floodplain habitat characterized by multiple channels, as well as significant portions of numerous tributaries. Measuring the progress of restoration, from the perspective of both salmon populations and the ecosystem upon which they depend, is a great test for a collaborative team of scientists. The normally challenging conditions of working in a steep gradient, high velocity wilderness river are exacerbated by the release of millions of cubic yards of sediment that had accumulated in the reservoirs. After the first two years of the dam decommissioning process, this release has changed the ecology of the river, estuary, and nearshore habitats downstream of the dams. Our goal in developing the guidelines described is to provide a roadmap for tracking what hopefully will become a successful outcome. If successfully implemented, this information should prove useful as others begin planning for the removal, alteration, or reconstruction of dams throughout North America and elsewhere, an inevitable outcome of an aging dam infrastructure.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference","conferenceDate":"June 28-July, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Peters, R., Duda, J., Pess, G., Zimmerman, M., Crain, P., Hughes, Z., Wilson, A., Liermann, M., Morley, S., McMillan, J., Denton, K., and Warheit, K., 2014, Guidelines for monitoring and adaptively managing restoration of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and steelhead (<i>O. mykiss</i>) on the Elwha River, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference, Las Vegas, NV, June 28-July, 2010, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049368","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.605912,47.730895 ], [ -123.605912,48.147649 ], [ -123.444184,48.147649 ], [ -123.444184,47.730895 ], [ -123.605912,47.730895 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517044e4b05569d805a247","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, R.J.","contributorId":7619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pess, G.R.","contributorId":33037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pess","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, M.","contributorId":72541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crain, P.","contributorId":31308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crain","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hughes, Z.","contributorId":80185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilson, A.","contributorId":8430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liermann, M.C.","contributorId":42875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liermann","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morley, S.A.","contributorId":49619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morley","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McMillan, J.","contributorId":83835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMillan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Denton, K.","contributorId":28165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Warheit, K.","contributorId":80186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warheit","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70058636,"text":"sir20135228 - 2014 - Simulation of groundwater flow in the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T12:36:54","indexId":"sir20135228","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5228","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow in the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Edwards-Trinity aquifer is a vital groundwater resource for agricultural, industrial, and public supply uses in the Pecos County region of western Texas. The U.S. Geological Survey completed a comprehensive, integrated analysis of available hydrogeologic data to develop a numerical groundwater-flow model of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the study area in parts of Brewster, Jeff Davis, Pecos, and Reeves Counties. The active model area covers about 3,400 square miles of the Pecos County region of Texas west of the Pecos River, and its boundaries were defined to include the saturated areas of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer. The model is a five-layer representation of the Pecos Valley, Edwards-Trinity, Dockum, and Rustler aquifers. The Pecos Valley aquifer is referred to as the alluvial layer, and the Edwards-Trinity aquifer is divided into layers representing the Edwards part of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer and the Trinity part of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer, respectively. The calibration period of the simulation extends from 1940 to 2010. Simulated hydraulic heads generally were in good agreement with observed values; 1,684 out of 2,860 (59 percent) of the simulated values were within 25 feet of the observed value. The average root mean square error value of hydraulic head for the Edwards-Trinity aquifer was 34.2 feet, which was approximately 4 percent of the average total observed change in groundwater-level altitude (groundwater level). Simulated spring flow representing Comanche Springs exhibits a pattern similar to observed spring flow. Independent geochemical modeling corroborates results of simulated groundwater flow that indicates groundwater in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer in the Leon-Belding and Fort Stockton areas is a mixture of recharge from the Barilla and Davis Mountains and groundwater that has upwelled from the Rustler aquifer.</p>\n<p>The model was used to simulate groundwater-level altitudes resulting from prolonged pumping to evaluate sustainability of current and projected water-use demands. Each of three scenarios utilized a continuation of the calibrated model. Scenario 1 extended recent (2008) irrigation and nonirrigation pumping values for a 30-year period from 2010 to 2040. Projected groundwater-level changes in and around the Fort Stockton area under scenario 1 change little from current conditions, indicating that the groundwater system is near equilibrium with respect to recent (2008) pumping stress. Projected groundwater-level declines in the eastern part of the model area ranging from 5.0 to 15.0 feet are likely the result of nonequilibrium conditions associated with recent increases in pumping after a prolonged water-level recovery period of little or no pumping. Projected groundwater-level declines (from 15.0 to 31.0 feet) occurred in localized areas by the end of scenario 1 in the Leon-Belding area. Scenario 2 evaluated the effects of extended recent (2008) pumping rates as assigned in scenario 1 with year-round maximum permitted pumping rates in the Belding area. Results of scenario 2 are similar in water-level decline and extent as those of scenario 1. The extent of the projected groundwater-level decline in the range from 5.0 to 15.0 feet in the Leon-Belding irrigation area expanded slightly (about a 2-percent increase) from that of scenario 1. Maximum projected groundwater-level declines in the Leon-Belding irrigation area were approximately 31.3 feet in small isolated areas. Scenario 3 evaluated the effects of periodic increases in pumping rates over the 30-year extended period. Results of scenario 3 are similar to those of scenario 2 in terms of the areas of groundwater-level decline; however, the maximum projected groundwater-level decline increased to approximately 34.5 feet in the Leon-Belding area, and the extent of the decline was larger in area (about a 17-percent increase) than that of scenario 2. Additionally, the area of projected groundwater-level declines in the eastern part of the model area increased from that of scenario 2&mdash;two individual areas of decline coalesced into one larger area. The localized nature of the projected groundwater-level declines is a reflection of the high degree of fractured control on storage and hydraulic conductivity in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer. Additionally, the finding that simulated spring flow is highly dependent on the transient nature of hydraulic heads in the underlying aquifer indicates the importance of adequately understanding and characterizing the entire groundwater system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135228","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Middle Pecos Groundwater Conservation District, Pecos County, City of Fort Stockton, Brewster County, and Pecos County Water Control and Improvement District No. 1","usgsCitation":"Clark, B.R., Bumgarner, J.R., Houston, N.A., and Foster, A.L., 2014, Simulation of groundwater flow in the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas (First posted February 14, 2014; Revised and reposted August 5, 2014, version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5228, viii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135228.","productDescription":"viii, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052736","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135228.jpg"},{"id":282420,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5228/pdf/sir2013-5228.pdf"},{"id":282422,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5228/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Pecos County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.5,30.5 ], [ -104.5,31.5 ], [ -101.5,31.5 ], [ -101.5,30.5 ], [ -104.5,30.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"First posted February 14, 2014; Revised and reposted August 5, 2014, version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e3414ae4b0567f2770196a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Brian R. 0000-0001-6611-3807 brclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-3807","contributorId":1502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Brian","email":"brclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bumgarner, Johnathan R. jbumgarner@usgs.gov","contributorId":5378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bumgarner","given":"Johnathan","email":"jbumgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, Adam L.","contributorId":28944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70103842,"text":"70103842 - 2014 - Temporal and spatial distributions of cold-water corals in the Drake Passage: insights from the last 35,000 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-08T13:22:47","indexId":"70103842","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T13:11:44","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial distributions of cold-water corals in the Drake Passage: insights from the last 35,000 years","docAbstract":"Scleractinian corals have a global distribution ranging from shallow tropical seas to the depths of the Southern Ocean. Although this distribution is indicative of the corals having a tolerance to a wide spectrum of environmental conditions, individual species seem to be restricted to a much narrower range of ecosystem variables. One way to ascertain the tolerances of corals, with particular focus on the potential impacts of changing climate, is to reconstruct their growth history across a range of environmental regimes. This study examines the spatial and temporal distribution of the solitary scleractinian corals <i>Desmophyllum dianthus, Gardineria antarctica, Balanophyllia malouinensis, Caryophyllia spp.</i> and <i>Flabellum spp.</i> from five sites in the Drake Passage which cross the major frontal zones. A rapid reconnaissance radiocarbon method was used to date more than 850 individual corals. Coupled with U-Th dating, an age range of present day back to more than 100 thousand years was established for corals in the region. Within this age range there are distinct changes in the temporal and spatial distributions of these corals, both with depth and latitude, and on millennial timescales. Two major patterns that emerge are: (1) <i>D. dianthus</i> populations show clear variability in their occurrence through time depending on the latitudinal position within the Drake Passage. North of the Subantarctic Front, <i>D. dianthus</i> first appears in the late deglaciation (~17,000 years ago) and persists to today. South of the Polar Front, in contrast, early deglacial periods, with a few modern occurrences. A seamount site between the two fronts exhibits characteristics similar to both the northern and southern sites. This shift across the frontal zones within one species cannot yet be fully explained, but it is likely to be linked to changes in surface productivity, subsurface oxygen concentrations, and carbonate saturation state. (2) at locations where multiple genera were dated, differences in age and depth distribution of the populations provide clear evidence that each genus has unique environmental requirements to sustain its population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.008","usgsCitation":"Margolin, A.R., Robinson, L., Burke, A., Waller, R., Scanlon, K.M., Roberts, M.L., Auro, M.E., and van de Flierdt, T., 2014, Temporal and spatial distributions of cold-water corals in the Drake Passage: insights from the last 35,000 years: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 99, p. 237-248, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043740","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140403-091731138","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286995,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.008"}],"otherGeospatial":"Drake Passage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.0,-67.0 ], [ -85.0,-50.0 ], [ -45.0,-50.0 ], [ -45.0,-67.0 ], [ -85.0,-67.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"99","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"536ca77de4b060efff280de4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Margolin, Andrew R.","contributorId":61343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margolin","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Laura F.","contributorId":6179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Laura F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burke, Andrea","contributorId":12179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waller, Rhian G.","contributorId":52081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Rhian G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roberts, Mark L.","contributorId":69890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Auro, Maureen E.","contributorId":40900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auro","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"van de Flierdt, Tina","contributorId":34434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van de Flierdt","given":"Tina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70102387,"text":"70102387 - 2014 - Decadal oscillation of lakes and aquifers in the upper Great Lakes region of North America: hydroclimatic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T11:39:50","indexId":"70102387","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T11:35:41","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decadal oscillation of lakes and aquifers in the upper Great Lakes region of North America: hydroclimatic implications","docAbstract":"We report a unique hydrologic time-series which indicates that water levels in lakes and aquifers across the upper Great Lakes region of North America have been dominated by a climatically-driven, near-decadal oscillation for at least 70 years. The historical oscillation (~13y) is remarkably consistent among small seepage lakes, groundwater tables and the two largest Laurentian Great Lakes despite substantial differences in hydrology. Hydrologic analyses indicate that the oscillation has been governed primarily by changes in the net atmospheric flux of water (P-E) and stage-dependent outflow. The oscillation is hypothetically connected to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns originating in the mid-latitude North Pacific that support the flux of moisture into the region from the Gulf of Mexico. Recent data indicate an apparent change in the historical oscillation characterized by a ~12y downward trend beginning in 1998. Record low water levels region-wide may mark the onset of a new hydroclimatic regime.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2013GL058679","usgsCitation":"Watras, C., Read, J., Holman, K., Liu, Z., Song, Y., Watras, A., Morgan, S., and Stanley, E., 2014, Decadal oscillation of lakes and aquifers in the upper Great Lakes region of North America: hydroclimatic implications: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 2, p. 456-462, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058679.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"462","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-051171","costCenters":[{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058679","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286489,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058679"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Great Lakes Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.8,40.95 ], [ -93.8,49.14 ], [ -79.71,49.14 ], [ -79.71,40.95 ], [ -93.8,40.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53578f63e4b0938066bc81ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watras, C.J.","contributorId":13917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watras","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Read, J.S.","contributorId":34440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holman, K.D.","contributorId":60548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holman","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Z.","contributorId":70943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Song, Y.-Y.","contributorId":77056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"Y.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Watras, A.J.","contributorId":31315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watras","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morgan, S.","contributorId":81026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stanley, E.H.","contributorId":18966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70148665,"text":"70148665 - 2014 - Modelling riverine habitat for robust redhorse: assessment for reintroduction of an imperilled species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T09:49:59","indexId":"70148665","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling riverine habitat for robust redhorse: assessment for reintroduction of an imperilled species","docAbstract":"<p>A critical component of a species reintroduction is assessment of contemporary habitat suitability. The robust redhorse, <i>Moxostoma robustum</i> (Cope), is an imperilled catostomid that occupies a restricted range in the south-eastern USA. A remnant population persists downstream of Blewett Falls Dam, the terminal dam in the Pee Dee River, North Carolina. Reintroduction upstream of Blewett Falls Dam may promote long-term survival of this population. Tillery Dam is the next hydroelectric facility upstream, which includes a 30 rkm lotic reach. Habitat suitability indices developed in the Pee Dee River were applied to model suitable habitat for proposed minimum flows downstream of Tillery Dam. Modelling results indicate that the Tillery reach provides suitable robust redhorse habitat, with spawning habitat more abundant than non-spawning habitat. Sensitivity analyses suggested that suitable water depth and substrate were limiting physical habitat variables. These results can inform decisions on flow regulation and guide planning for reintroduction of the robust redhorse and other species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/fme.12050","collaboration":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute","usgsCitation":"Fisk, J.M., Kwak, T.J., and Heise, R.J., 2014, Modelling riverine habitat for robust redhorse: assessment for reintroduction of an imperilled species: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 21, no. 1, p. 57-67, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12050.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041530","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12050","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":301336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55853d44e4b023124e8f5b18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisk, J. M. III","contributorId":141230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisk","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heise, R. J.","contributorId":141231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heise","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70147100,"text":"70147100 - 2014 - Forecasting landscape effects of Mississippi River diversions on elevation and accretion in Louisiana deltaic wetlands under future environmental uncertainty scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-28T08:57:31","indexId":"70147100","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting landscape effects of Mississippi River diversions on elevation and accretion in Louisiana deltaic wetlands under future environmental uncertainty scenarios","docAbstract":"<p>Large sediment diversions are proposed and expected to build new wetlands to alleviate the extensive wetland loss (5,000 km<sup>2</sup>) affecting coastal Louisiana during the last 78 years. Current assessment and prediction of the impacts of sediment diversions have focused on the capture and dispersal of both water and sediment on the adjacent river side and the immediate outfall marsh area. However, little is known about the effects of sediment diversions on existing wetland surface elevation and vertical accretion dynamics in the receiving basin at the landscape scale. In this study, we used a spatial wetland surface elevation model developed in support of Louisiana's 2012 Coastal Master Plan to examine such landscape-scale effects of sediment diversions. Multiple sediment diversion projects were incorporated in the model to simulate surface elevation and vertical accretion for the next 50 years (2010-2060) under two environmental (moderate and less optimistic) scenarios. Specifically, we examined landscape-scale surface elevation and vertical accretion trends under diversions with different geographical locations, diverted discharge rates, and geomorphic characteristics of the receiving basin. Model results indicate that small diversions (&lt; 283 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) tend to have limited effects of reducing landscape-scale elevation loss (&lt; 3%) compared to a future without action (FWOA) condition. Large sediment diversions (&gt; 1,500 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) are required to achieve landscape-level benefits to promote surface elevation via vertical accretion to keep pace with rising sea level.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2013.12.020","usgsCitation":"Wang, H., Steyer, G.D., Couvillion, B.R., John M. Rybczyk, Beck, H.J., Sleavin, W.J., Ehab A. Meselhe, Allison, M.A., Boustany, R.G., Craig J. Fischenich, and Rivera-Monroy, V.H., 2014, Forecasting landscape effects of Mississippi River diversions on elevation and accretion in Louisiana deltaic wetlands under future environmental uncertainty scenarios: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 138, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.12.020.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051034","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"138","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5540af2be4b0a658d79392a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Hongqing 0000-0002-2977-7732 wangh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-7732","contributorId":140432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongqing","email":"wangh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687 couvillionb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":3829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady","email":"couvillionb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"John M. Rybczyk","contributorId":140433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"John M. Rybczyk","affiliations":[{"id":12723,"text":"Western Washington University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beck, Holly J. 0000-0002-0567-9329 hbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-9329","contributorId":5454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Holly","email":"hbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sleavin, William J. 0000-0002-1269-7525","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-7525","contributorId":140434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sleavin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13498,"text":"Five Rivers Services, LLC.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ehab A. Meselhe","contributorId":140435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehab A. Meselhe","affiliations":[{"id":13499,"text":"The Water Institute of the Gulf","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Allison, Mead A.","contributorId":140436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allison","given":"Mead","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Boustany, Ronald G.","contributorId":140437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boustany","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13501,"text":"USDA NRCS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Craig J. Fischenich","contributorId":140438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig J. Fischenich","affiliations":[{"id":13502,"text":"US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.","contributorId":140439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
]}