{"pageNumber":"573","pageRowStart":"14300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46856,"records":[{"id":70045869,"text":"70045869 - 2013 - An interactive web application for visualizing climate data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T14:26:22","indexId":"70045869","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T11:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An interactive web application for visualizing climate data","docAbstract":"Massive volumes of data are being created as modeling centers from around the world finalize their submission of climate simulations for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5), in preparation for the forthcoming Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Scientists, resource managers, and other potential users of climate data are faced with the daunting task of analyzing, distilling, and summarizing this unprecedented wealth of climate information.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013EO220001","usgsCitation":"Alder, J., Hostetler, S., and Williams, D., 2013, An interactive web application for visualizing climate data: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 94, no. 22, p. 197-198, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013EO220001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"198","ipdsId":"IP-045104","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013eo220001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276019,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013EO220001"}],"volume":"94","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb54e4b009d47a4c2319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alder, J.","contributorId":62121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostetler, S. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":30336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, D.","contributorId":31908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047399,"text":"cir1385 - 2013 - The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-29T17:05:25.681022","indexId":"cir1385","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1385","title":"The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, a study was conducted from 2001 to 2011 to shed light on factors that affect the vulnerability of water from public-supply wells to contamination (referred to hereafter as “public-supply-well vulnerability”). The study was designed as a follow-up to earlier NAWQA studies that found mixtures of contaminants at low concentrations in groundwater near the water table in urban areas across the Nation and, less frequently, in deeper groundwater typically used for public supply.\n\nBeside the factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination, this circular describes measures that can be used to determine which factor (or factors) plays a dominant role at an individual public-supply well. Case-study examples are used throughout to show how such information can be used to improve water quality.\n\nIn general, the vulnerability of the water from public-supply wells to contamination is a function of contaminant input within the area that contributes water to a well, the mobility and persistence of a contaminant once released to the groundwater, and the ease of groundwater and contaminant movement from the point of recharge to the open interval of a well. The following measures described in this circular are particularly useful for indicating which contaminants in an aquifer might reach an individual public-supply well and when, how, and at what concentration they might arrive:\n\n* Sources of recharge—Information on the sources of recharge for a well provides insight into contaminants that might enter the aquifer with the recharge water and potentially reach the well.\n\n* Geochemical conditions—Information on the geochemical conditions encountered by groundwater traveling to a well provides insight into contaminants that might persist in the water all the way to the well.\n\n* Groundwater-age mixtures—Information on the ages of the different waters that mix in a well provides insight into the time lag between contaminant input at the water table and contaminant arrival at the well. It also provides insight into the potential for in-well dilution of contaminated water by unaffected groundwater of a different age that simultaneously enters the well.\n\nPreferential flow pathways—pathways that provide little resistance to flow—can influence how all other factors affect public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination. For example, preferential flow pathways can influence whether a contaminant source is physically linked to a well, whether contaminant concentrations are substantially altered before contaminated groundwater reaches a well, and whether contaminated groundwater can arrive at a well within a timeframe of concern to the well owner. Methods for recognizing the influence of preferential flow pathways on the quality of water from a public-supply well are presented in this circular and can provide opportunities to prevent or mitigate the deterioration of a water supply.\n\nKnowing what water-quality variables to measure, what spatial and temporal scales on which to measure them, and how to interpret the resulting data makes it possible for samples from public-supply wells to provide a broad window into a well’s past and present water quality—and possibly future water quality. Such insight can enable resource managers to prioritize actions for sustaining a high-quality groundwater source of drinking water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1385","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Eberts, S., Thomas, M.A., and Jagucki, M.L., 2013, The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1385, vii, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1385.","productDescription":"vii, 120 p.","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503644,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_98779.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":275988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1385/"},{"id":275989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1385/pdf/Cir1385.pdf"},{"id":275990,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir1385.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb5ae4b009d47a4c234d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Mary Ann mathomas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Mary","email":"mathomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jagucki, Martha L. 0000-0003-3798-8393 mjagucki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8393","contributorId":1794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jagucki","given":"Martha","email":"mjagucki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047403,"text":"ofr20111040 - 2013 - Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T09:50:18","indexId":"ofr20111040","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T09:44:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1040","title":"Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"An investigation of submarine aquifers adjacent to the Fire Island National Seashore and Long Island, New York was conducted to assess the importance of submarine groundwater discharge as a potential nonpoint source of nitrogen delivery to Great South Bay. Over 200 kilometers of continuous resistivity profiling data were collected to image the fresh-saline groundwater interface in sediments beneath the bay. In addition, groundwater sampling was performed at sites (1) along the north shore of Great South Bay, particularly in Patchogue Bay, that were representative of the developed Long Island shoreline, and (2) at sites on and adjacent to Fire Island, a 50-kilometer-long barrier island on the south side of Great South Bay. Other field activities included sediment coring, stationary electrical resistivity profiling, and surveys of in situ pore water conductivity. Results of continuous resistivity profiling surveys are described in this report. The onshore and offshore shallow hydrostratigraphy of the Great South Bay shorelines, particularly the presence and nature of submarine confining units, appears to exert primary control on the dimensions and chemistry of the submarine groundwater flow and discharge zones. Sediment coring has shown that the confining units commonly consist of drowned and buried peat layers likely deposited in salt marshes. Low-salinity groundwater extends from 10 to 100 meters offshore along much of the north and south shores of Great South Bay based on continuous resistivity profiling data, especially off the mouths of tidal creeks and beneath shallow flats to the north of Fire Island adjacent to modern salt marshes. Human modifications of much of the shoreline and nearshore areas along the north shore of the bay, including filling of salt marshes, construction of bulkheads and piers, and dredging of navigation channels, has substantially altered the natural hydrogeology of the bay's shorelines by truncating confining units and increasing recharge near the shore in filled areas. Better understanding of the nature of submarine groundwater discharge along developed and undeveloped shorelines of embayments such as this could lead to improved models and mitigation strategies for nutrient overenrichment of estuaries.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111040","usgsCitation":"Cross, V., Bratton, J., Kroeger, K., Crusius, J., and Worley, C., 2013, Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1040, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111040.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20111040.PNG"},{"id":275998,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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40.72145513939159], [-73.04054820362705, 40.73057089556356], [-73.03816437617633, 40.726184653053906], [-73.03387348676489, 40.729712717681174], [-73.03425489915708, 40.73667349383761], [-73.01880769727586, 40.74921242622862], [-73.01906374542239, 40.757950997535175], [-73.0153749857467, 40.74673324567976], [-72.98762723421942, 40.750738075797244], [-72.94471834010501, 40.73977246952357], [-72.92250106826356, 40.75741279265951], [-72.88779254057992, 40.75998732630619], [-72.88302488567831, 40.74043994120967], [-72.87320351658106, 40.73977246952357], [-72.87101039532638, 40.732239574778966], [-72.88855536536425, 40.735100167720006], [-72.88855536536425, 40.730427865916376], [-72.8973278503832, 40.73119069070054], [-72.89513472912847, 40.72470668003456], [-72.90174580176041, 40.73350975927241], [-72.8890363578638, 40.73839800692489], [-72.90663404941307, 40.745730378403785], [-72.94818415446007, 40.719333841079845], [-72.96236007265253, 40.71737854201887], [-72.9633377221831, 40.70613557241791], [-73.00717461931593, 40.687356871535435], [-73.0099398591588, 40.68306598212397], [-73.0653400091154, 40.667142014752585], [-73.14610408314849, 40.65135154171859], [-73.18395926306721, 40.649253773561895], [-73.20350664816374, 40.6411487602292], [-73.2136160019953, 40.66116369401408], [-73.23170251830982, 40.66409664260559], [-73.25272198321596, 40.6865825818076], [-73.25174433368545, 40.69293730375589]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-73.25272198321596, 40.6411487602292, -72.87101039532638, 40.75998732630619], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091945\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb55e4b009d47a4c231d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, V.A.","contributorId":88687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, J.F.","contributorId":94354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroeger, K.D.","contributorId":26060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Worley, C.R.","contributorId":43479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worley","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118989,"text":"70118989 - 2013 - Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T09:40:17","indexId":"70118989","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-04T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling","docAbstract":"DayCent is a biogeochemical model of intermediate complexity widely used to simulate greenhouse gases (GHG), soil organic carbon and nutrients in crop, grassland, forest and savannah ecosystems. Although this model has been applied to a wide range of ecosystems, it is still typically parameterized through a traditional “trial and error” approach and has not been calibrated using statistical inverse modelling (i.e. algorithmic parameter estimation). The aim of this study is to establish and demonstrate a procedure for calibration of DayCent to improve estimation of GHG emissions. We coupled DayCent with the parameter estimation (PEST) software for inverse modelling. The PEST software can be used for calibration through regularized inversion as well as model sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. The DayCent model was analysed and calibrated using N2O flux data collected over 2 years at the Iowa State University Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Research Farms, Boone, IA. Crop year 2003 data were used for model calibration and 2004 data were used for validation. The optimization of DayCent model parameters using PEST significantly reduced model residuals relative to the default DayCent parameter values. Parameter estimation improved the model performance by reducing the sum of weighted squared residual difference between measured and modelled outputs by up to 67 %. For the calibration period, simulation with the default model parameter values underestimated mean daily N2O flux by 98 %. After parameter estimation, the model underestimated the mean daily fluxes by 35 %. During the validation period, the calibrated model reduced sum of weighted squared residuals by 20 % relative to the default simulation. Sensitivity analysis performed provides important insights into the model structure providing guidance for model improvement.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z","usgsCitation":"Rafique, R., Fienen, M., Parkin, T.B., and Anex, R.P., 2013, Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 224, no. 1677, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-049354","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291550,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z"}],"volume":"224","issue":"1677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e5ce4b0beb42bdca483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafique, Rashad","contributorId":87466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafique","given":"Rashad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parkin, Timothy B.","contributorId":40530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anex, Robert P.","contributorId":101198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anex","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047389,"text":"ds785 - 2013 - An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-20T12:38:10","indexId":"ds785","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T14:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"785","title":"An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"In 2012, a map of vegetation communities on Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge was expanded based on interpretation of aerial photographs and field data. National Agricultural Imagery Program aerial photographs were used to identify distinct communities on previously unmapped refuge units and newly acquired parcels. Newly mapped polygons were then visited to adjust map boundaries, classify communities according to the National Vegetation Classification System, and quantify the abundance of dominant species and non-native, invasive species of concern to the refuge and other resource management agencies along the Missouri River. The expanded map now covers 6,136 hectares representing 33 community types, including 6 previously unmapped types. The full map includes 1,113 polygons, of which 627 are new, 21 are updated from the 2009 mapping effort, and 465 are unchanged from 2009. Mortality of primarily cottonwood stems, because of growing-season floods between 2008 and 2011, has reduced foliar cover of woody stems and created more open wooded communities. In herbaceous communities, dominance by herbaceous old fields has increased due to the inclusion of refuge units dominated by lands in recent agricultural production in the expanded map. Wetland community abundance has increased slightly due to recent flooding.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds785","usgsCitation":"Struckhoff, M.A., 2013, An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 785, Report: vi, 10 p.; Spatial Data; Photographs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds785.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; Spatial Data; Photographs","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds785.gif"},{"id":275973,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/downloads/","text":"Spatial data and photographs"},{"id":275971,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/"},{"id":275974,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1038/","text":"Vegetation Communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge, Missouri (Open-File Report 2011-1038)"},{"id":275972,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/pdf/ds785.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Big Muddy National Fish And Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d5e4b0296e5a4b5be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struckhoff, Matthew A. 0000-0002-4911-9956 mstruckhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-9956","contributorId":2095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"Matthew","email":"mstruckhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047378,"text":"sir20135097 - 2013 - Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-02T12:56:55","indexId":"sir20135097","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T12:41:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5097","title":"Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington","docAbstract":"Springs and some streams on Mount Adams volcano have been sampled for chemistry and light stable isotopes of water. Spring temperatures are generally cooler than air temperatures from weather stations at the same elevation. Spring chemistry generally reflects weathering of volcanic rock from dissolved carbon dioxide. Water in some springs and streams has either dissolved hydrothermal minerals or has reacted with them to add sulfate to the water. Some samples appear to have obtained their sulfate from dissolution of gypsum while some probably involve reaction with sulfide minerals such as pyrite. Light stable isotope data for water from springs follow a local meteoric water line, and the variation of isotopes with elevation indicate that some springs have very local recharge and others have water from elevations a few hundred meters higher. No evidence was found for thermal or slightly thermal springs on Mount Adams. A sample from a seeping gas vent on Mount Adams was at ambient temperature, but the gas is similar to that found on other Cascade volcanoes. Helium isotopes are 4.4 times the value in air, indicating that there is a significant component of mantle helium. The lack of fumaroles on Mount Adams and the ambient temperature of the gas indicates that the gas is from a hydrothermal system that is no longer active.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135097","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., and Mariner, R.H., 2013, Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5097, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135097.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275951,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5097/"},{"id":275952,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5097/sir3013-5097.pdf"},{"id":275953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135097.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Adams Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.45,46 ], [ -121.45,46.30 ], [ -121.15,46.30 ], [ -121.15,46 ], [ -121.45,46 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d6e4b0296e5a4b5bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H. rmariner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"rmariner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047356,"text":"ofr20131158 - 2013 - Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T14:23:55","indexId":"ofr20131158","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T14:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1158","title":"Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-11","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey anchored a sediment trap in the northern Gulf of Mexico to collect seasonal time-series data on the flux and assemblage composition of live planktic foraminifers. This report provides an update of the previous time-series data to include results from 2011. Ten species, or varieties, constituted ~92 percent of the 2011 assemblage: <i>Globigerinoides ruber</i> (pink and white varieties), <i>Globigerinoides sacculifer</i>, <i>Globigerina calida</i>, <i>Globigerinella aequilateralis</i>, <i>Globorotalia menardii</i> group [The <i>Gt. menardii</i> group includes <i>Gt. menardii</i>, <i>Gt. tumida</i>, and <i>Gt. ungulata</i>], <i>Orbulina universa</i>, <i>Globorotalia truncatulinoides</i>, <i>Pulleniatina</i> spp., and <i>Neogloboquadrina dutertrei</i>. The mean daily flux was 205 tests per square meter per day (m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>), with maximum fluxes of >600 tests m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup> during mid-February and mid-September and minimum fluxes of <60 tests m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup> during mid-March, the beginning of May, and November. <i>Globorotalia truncatulinoides</i> showed a clear preference for the winter, consistent with data from 2008 to 2010. <i>Globigerinoides ruber</i> (white) flux data for 2011 (average 30 tests m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>) were consistent with data from 2010 (average 29 m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>) and showed a steady threefold increase since 2009 (average 11 tests m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>) and a tenfold increase from the 2008 flux (3 tests m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131158","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, C.E., and Poore, R.Z., 2013, Seasonal flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Mexico, 2008-11: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1158, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131158.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131158.jpg"},{"id":275797,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1158/"},{"id":275798,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1158/pdf/ofr2013-1158.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.65,25.36 ], [ -90.65,26.34 ], [ -89.65,26.34 ], [ -89.65,25.36 ], [ -90.65,25.36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fb7555e4b04b00e3d7856b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Caitlin E. 0000-0002-1724-3055 creynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-3055","contributorId":4049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Caitlin","email":"creynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70093724,"text":"70093724 - 2013 - Lidar-derived estimate and uncertainty of carbon sink in successional phases of woody encroachment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-12T13:59:28","indexId":"70093724","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T13:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lidar-derived estimate and uncertainty of carbon sink in successional phases of woody encroachment","docAbstract":"Woody encroachment is a globally occurring phenomenon that contributes to the global carbon sink. The magnitude of this contribution needs to be estimated at regional and local scales to address uncertainties present in the global- and continental-scale estimates, and guide regional policy and management in balancing restoration activities, including removal of woody plants, with greenhouse gas mitigation goals. The objective of this study was to estimate carbon stored in various successional phases of woody encroachment. Using lidar measurements of individual trees, we present high-resolution estimates of aboveground carbon storage in juniper woodlands. Segmentation analysis of lidar point cloud data identified a total of 60,628 juniper tree crowns across four watersheds. Tree heights, canopy cover, and density derived from lidar were strongly correlated with field measurements of 2613 juniper stems measured in 85 plots (30 × 30 m). Aboveground total biomass of individual trees was estimated using a regression model with lidar-derived height and crown area as predictors (Adj. R<sup>2</sup> = 0.76, p < 0.001, RMSE = 0.58 kg). The predicted mean aboveground woody carbon storage for the study area was 677 g/m<sup>2</sup>. Uncertainty in carbon storage estimates was examined with a Monte Carlo approach that addressed major error sources. Ranges predicted with uncertainty analysis in the mean, individual tree, aboveground woody C, and associated standard deviation were 0.35 – 143.6 kg and 0.5 – 1.25 kg, respectively. Later successional phases of woody encroachment had, on average, twice the aboveground carbon relative to earlier phases. Woody encroachment might be more successfully managed and balanced with carbon storage goals by identifying priority areas in earlier phases of encroachment where intensive treatments are most effective.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jgrg.20088","usgsCitation":"Sankey, T., Shrestha, R., Sankey, J.B., Hardgree, S., and Strand, E., 2013, Lidar-derived estimate and uncertainty of carbon sink in successional phases of woody encroachment: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 118, no. 3, p. 1144-1155, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20088.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1144","endPage":"1155","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-036687","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282290,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"South Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0204,42.1646 ], [ -117.0204,43.35 ], [ -115.7938,43.35 ], [ -115.7938,42.1646 ], [ -117.0204,42.1646 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6497e4b0b290850ff8cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen","contributorId":97000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrestha, Rupesh","contributorId":65382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Rupesh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardgree, Stuart","contributorId":44830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardgree","given":"Stuart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strand, Eva","contributorId":82611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strand","given":"Eva","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70074649,"text":"70074649 - 2013 - Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T13:05:24","indexId":"70074649","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T12:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease","docAbstract":"Erionite, a mineral series within the zeolite group, is classified as a Group 1 known respiratory carcinogen. This designation resulted from extremely high incidences of mesothelioma discovered in three small villages from the Cappadocia region of Turkey, where the disease was linked to environmental exposures to fibrous forms of erionite. Natural deposits of erionite, including fibrous forms, have been identified in the past in the western United States. Until recently, these occurrences have generally been overlooked as a potential hazard. In the last several years, concerns have emerged regarding the potential for environmental and occupational exposures to erionite in the United States, such as erionite-bearing gravels in western North Dakota mined and used to surface unpaved roads. As a result, there has been much interest in identifying locations and geologic environments across the United States where erionite occurs naturally. A 1996 U.S. Geological Survey report describing erionite occurrences in the United States has been widely cited as a compilation of all US erionite deposits; however, this compilation only focused on one of several geologic environments in which erionite can form. Also, new occurrences of erionite have been identified in recent years. Using a detailed literature survey, this paper updates and expands the erionite occurrences database, provided in a supplemental file (US_erionite.xls). Epidemiology, public health, and natural hazard studies can incorporate this information on known erionite occurrences and their characteristics. By recognizing that only specific geologic settings and formations are hosts to erionite, this knowledge can be used in developing management plans designed to protect the public.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Blitz, T.A., Plumlee, G.S., Meeker, G.P., and Pierson, M.P., 2013, Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 35, no. 4, p. 419-430, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"419","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038199","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286316,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Colorado;Idaho;Montana;New Mexico;Nevada;North Dakota;Oregon;South Dakota;Utah;Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,31.69 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -100.35,49.0 ], [ -100.35,31.69 ], [ -124.79,31.69 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355946de4b0120853e8bfc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blitz, Thomas A.","contributorId":22678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blitz","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierson, M. Patrick","contributorId":24273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047087,"text":"70047087 - 2013 - The variability of California summertime marine stratus: impacts on surface air temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T12:37:49","indexId":"70047087","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T11:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The variability of California summertime marine stratus: impacts on surface air temperatures","docAbstract":"This study investigates the variability of clouds, primarily marine stratus clouds, and how they are associated with surface temperature anomalies over California, especially along the coastal margin. We focus on the summer months of June to September when marine stratus are the dominant cloud type. Data used include satellite cloud reflectivity (cloud albedo) measurements, hourly surface observations of cloud cover and air temperature at coastal airports, and observed values of daily surface temperature at stations throughout California and Nevada. Much of the anomalous variability of summer clouds is organized over regional patterns that affect considerable portions of the coast, often extend hundreds of kilometers to the west and southwest over the North Pacific, and are bounded to the east by coastal mountains. The occurrence of marine stratus is positively correlated with both the strength and height of the thermal inversion that caps the marine boundary layer, with inversion base height being a key factor in determining their inland penetration. Cloud cover is strongly associated with surface temperature variations. In general, increased presence of cloud (higher cloud albedo) produces cooler daytime temperatures and warmer nighttime temperatures. Summer daytime temperature fluctuations associated with cloud cover variations typically exceed 1°C. The inversion-cloud albedo-temperature associations that occur at daily timescales are also found at seasonal timescales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jgrd.50652","usgsCitation":"Iacobellis, S.F., and Cayan, D.R., 2013, The variability of California summertime marine stratus: impacts on surface air temperatures: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 118, no. 16, p. 9105-9122, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50652.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"9105","endPage":"9122","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-049292","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50652","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278923,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50652"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc496e4b0850ea050cece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iacobellis, Sam F.","contributorId":11502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iacobellis","given":"Sam","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R. 0000-0002-2719-6811 drcayan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6811","contributorId":1494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047340,"text":"70047340 - 2013 - Comparison of age distributions estimated from environmental tracers by using binary-dilution and numerical models of fractured and folded karst: Shenandoah Valley of Virginia and West Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:11:21","indexId":"70047340","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T11:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of age distributions estimated from environmental tracers by using binary-dilution and numerical models of fractured and folded karst: Shenandoah Valley of Virginia and West Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Measured concentrations of environmental tracers in spring discharge from a karst aquifer in the Shenandoah Valley, USA, were used to refine a numerical groundwater flow model. The karst aquifer is folded and faulted carbonate bedrock dominated by diffuse flow along fractures. The numerical model represented bedrock structure and discrete features (fault zones and springs). Concentrations of <sup>3</sup>H, <sup>3</sup>He, <sup>4</sup>He, and CFC-113 in spring discharge were interpreted as binary dilutions of young (0–8  years) water and old (tracer-free) water. Simulated mixtures of groundwater are derived from young water flowing along shallow paths, with the addition of old water flowing along deeper paths through the model domain that discharge to springs along fault zones. The simulated median age of young water discharged from springs (5.7  years) is slightly older than the median age estimated from <sup>3</sup>H/<sup>3</sup>He data (4.4  years). The numerical model predicted a fraction of old water in spring discharge (0.07) that was half that determined by the binary-dilution model using the <sup>3</sup>H/<sup>3</sup>He apparent age and <sup>3</sup>H and CFC-113 data (0.14). This difference suggests that faults and lineaments are more numerous or extensive than those mapped and included in the numerical model.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-013-0997-9","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., Plummer, N., Kauffman, L.J., Doctor, D.H., Nelms, D.L., and Schlosser, P., 2013, Comparison of age distributions estimated from environmental tracers by using binary-dilution and numerical models of fractured and folded karst: Shenandoah Valley of Virginia and West Virginia, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 21, no. 6, p. 1193-1217, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-0997-9.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1193","endPage":"1217","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-042757","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275663,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/DOI 10.1007/s10040-013-0997-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.33,37.4237 ], [ -80.33,39.6857 ], [ -77.7252,39.6857 ], [ -77.7252,37.4237 ], [ -80.33,37.4237 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fb7554e4b04b00e3d78567","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Richard M. 0000-0001-7725-1148 ryager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-1148","contributorId":950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Richard","email":"ryager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelms, David L. 0000-0001-5747-642X dlnelms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-642X","contributorId":1892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"David","email":"dlnelms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schlosser, Peter","contributorId":50936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70118526,"text":"70118526 - 2013 - Consequences of flight height and line spacing on airborne (helicopter) gravity gradient resolution in the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T11:40:51","indexId":"70118526","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T11:33:50","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3568,"text":"The Leading Edge","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of flight height and line spacing on airborne (helicopter) gravity gradient resolution in the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Colorado","docAbstract":"Line spacing and flight height are critical parameters in airborne gravity gradient surveys; the optimal trade-off between survey costs and desired resolution, however, is different for every situation. This article investigates the additional benefit of reducing the flight height and line spacing though a study of a survey conducted over the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, which is the highest-resolution public-domain airborne gravity gradient data set available, with overlapping high- and lower-resolution surveys. By using Fourier analysis and matched filtering, it is shown that while the lower-resolution survey delineates the target body, reducing the flight height from 80 m to 40 m and the line spacing from 100 m to 50 m improves the recoverable resolution even at basement depths.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Leading Edge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1190/tle32080932.1","usgsCitation":"Kass, M.A., 2013, Consequences of flight height and line spacing on airborne (helicopter) gravity gradient resolution in the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Colorado: The Leading Edge, v. 32, no. 8, p. 932-938, https://doi.org/10.1190/tle32080932.1.","productDescription":"p. 932-4, 936, 938","startPage":"932","endPage":"938","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-045180","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291241,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle32080932.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Park And Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.728191,37.66272 ], [ -105.728191,37.863465 ], [ -105.497807,37.863465 ], [ -105.497807,37.66272 ], [ -105.728191,37.66272 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f286e4b0bc0bec0a0420","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kass, M. Andy","contributorId":103593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kass","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047679,"text":"70047679 - 2013 - On the insignificance of Herschel's sunspot correlation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-26T14:16:34","indexId":"70047679","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T11:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the insignificance of Herschel's sunspot correlation","docAbstract":"We examine William Herschel's hypothesis that solar-cycle variation of the Sun's irradiance has a modulating effect on the Earth's climate and that this is, specifically, manifested as an anticorrelation between sunspot number and the market price of wheat. Since Herschel first proposed his hypothesis in 1801, it has been regarded with both interest and skepticism. Recently, reports have been published that either support Herschel's hypothesis or rely on its validity. As a test of Herschel's hypothesis, we seek to reject a null hypothesis of a statistically random correlation between historical sunspot numbers, wheat prices in London and the United States, and wheat farm yields in the United States. We employ binary-correlation, Pearson-correlation, and frequency-domain methods. We test our methods using a historical geomagnetic activity index, well known to be causally correlated with sunspot number. As expected, the measured correlation between sunspot number and geomagnetic activity would be an unlikely realization of random data; the correlation is “statistically significant.” On the other hand, measured correlations between sunspot number and wheat price and wheat yield data would be very likely realizations of random data; these correlations are “insignificant.” Therefore, Herschel's hypothesis must be regarded with skepticism. We compare and contrast our results with those of other researchers. We discuss procedures for evaluating hypotheses that are formulated from historical data.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/grl.50846","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., 2013, On the insignificance of Herschel's sunspot correlation: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, no. 16, p. 4171-4176, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50846.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4171","endPage":"4176","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-050651","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":313,"text":"Geomagnetism Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276748,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50846"}],"volume":"40","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd69e7e4b0b29085102e8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70057582,"text":"70057582 - 2013 - USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database with a focus on the introduced fishes of the lower Tennessee and Cumberland drainages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T10:59:09","indexId":"70057582","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T10:38:59","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database with a focus on the introduced fishes of the lower Tennessee and Cumberland drainages","docAbstract":"The Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) database (http://nas.er.usgs.gov) functions as a national repository and clearinghouse for occurrence data for introduced species within the United States. Included is locality information on over 1,100 species of vertebrates, invertebrates, and vascular plants introduced as early as 1850. Taxa include foreign (exotic) species and species native to North America that have been transported outside of their natural range. Locality data are obtained from published and unpublished literature, state, federal and local monitoring programs, museum accessions, on-line databases, websites, professional communications and on-line reporting forms. The NAS web site provides immediate access to new occurrence records through a real-time interface with the NAS database. Visitors to the web site are presented with a set of pre-defined queries that generate lists of species according to state or hydrologic basin of interest. Fact sheets, distribution maps, and information on new occurrences are updated as new records and information become available. The NAS database allows resource managers to learn of new introductions reported in their region or nearby regions, improving response time. Conversely, managers are encouraged to report their observations of new occurrences to the NAS database so information can be disseminated to other managers, researchers, and the public. In May 2004, the NAS database incorporated an Alert System to notify registered users of new introductions as part of a national early detection/rapid response system. Users can register to receive alerts based on geographic or taxonomic criteria. The NAS database was used to identify 23 fish species introduced into the lower Tennessee and Cumberland drainages. Most of these are sport fish stocked to support fisheries, but the list also includes accidental and illegal introductions such as Asian Carps, clupeids, various species popular in the aquarium trade, and Atlantic Needlefish (<i>Strongylura marina</i>) that was introduced via the newly-constructed Tennessee-Tombigbee Canal.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 14th Symposium on the Natural History of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Center for Excellence for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University","publisherLocation":"Clarksville, TN","usgsCitation":"Fuller, P.L., and Cannister, M., 2013, USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database with a focus on the introduced fishes of the lower Tennessee and Cumberland drainages, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 14th Symposium on the Natural History of Lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys, p. 29-42.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-033618","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287660,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.apsu.edu/field-biology/center/publications"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cumberland River;Tennessee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870574e4b0aa26cd7b5405","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Johansen, Rebecca","contributorId":113123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johansen","given":"Rebecca","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509652,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, Dwayne 0000-0003-1088-7082","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-7082","contributorId":112194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"Dwayne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509651,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Steven W.","contributorId":111955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509650,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrass, Andrew N.","contributorId":113842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrass","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509653,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Pamela L. 0000-0002-9389-9144 pfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":3217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Pamela","email":"pfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannister, Matthew 0000-0002-9354-2989","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-2989","contributorId":79807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannister","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048423,"text":"70048423 - 2013 - Quantifying wetland–aquifer interactions in a humid subtropical climate region: An integrated approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-26T10:38:34","indexId":"70048423","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T10:24:14","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying wetland–aquifer interactions in a humid subtropical climate region: An integrated approach","docAbstract":"Wetlands are widely recognized as sentinels of global climate change. Long-term monitoring data combined with process-based modeling has the potential to shed light on key processes and how they change over time. This paper reports the development and application of a simple water balance model based on long-term climate, soil, vegetation and hydrological dynamics to quantify groundwater–surface water (GW–SW) interactions at the Norman landfill research site in Oklahoma, USA. Our integrated approach involved model evaluation by means of the following independent measurements: (a) groundwater inflow calculation using stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen (<sup>16</sup>O, <sup>18</sup>O, <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>2</sup>H); (b) seepage flux measurements in the wetland hyporheic sediment; and (c) pan evaporation measurements on land and in the wetland. The integrated approach was useful for identifying the dominant hydrological processes at the site, including recharge and subsurface flows. Simulated recharge compared well with estimates obtained using isotope methods from previous studies and allowed us to identify specific annual signatures of this important process during the period of study (1997–2007). Similarly, observations of groundwater inflow and outflow rates to and from the wetland using seepage meters and isotope methods were found to be in good agreement with simulation results. Results indicate that subsurface flow components in the system are seasonal and readily respond to rainfall events. The wetland water balance is dominated by local groundwater inputs and regional groundwater flow contributes little to the overall water balance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.022","usgsCitation":"Mendoza-Sanchez, I., Phanikumar, M., Niu, J., Masoner, J.R., Cozzarelli, I.M., and McGuire, J., 2013, Quantifying wetland–aquifer interactions in a humid subtropical climate region: An integrated approach: Journal of Hydrology, v. 498, p. 237-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.022.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"253","ipdsId":"IP-014582","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278115,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Norman","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.55,35.14 ], [ -97.55,35.35 ], [ -97.18,35.35 ], [ -97.18,35.14 ], [ -97.55,35.14 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"498","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52455769e4b0b3d37307e1b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mendoza-Sanchez, Itza","contributorId":20246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza-Sanchez","given":"Itza","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phanikumar, Mantha S.","contributorId":17888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phanikumar","given":"Mantha S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niu, Jie","contributorId":30535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niu","given":"Jie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masoner, Jason R. 0000-0002-4829-6379 jmasoner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-6379","contributorId":3193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masoner","given":"Jason","email":"jmasoner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, Jennifer T.","contributorId":53979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jennifer T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70093728,"text":"70093728 - 2013 - Phenology-based, remote sensing of post-burn disturbance windows in rangelands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-12T09:32:09","indexId":"70093728","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T08:57:51","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenology-based, remote sensing of post-burn disturbance windows in rangelands","docAbstract":"Wildland fire activity has increased in many parts of the world in recent decades. Ecological disturbance by fire can accelerate ecosystem degradation processes such as erosion due to combustion of vegetation that otherwise provides protective cover to the soil surface. This study employed a novel ecological indicator based on remote sensing of vegetation greenness dynamics (phenology) to estimate variability in the window of time between fire and the reemergence of green vegetation. The indicator was applied as a proxy for short-term, post-fire disturbance windows in rangelands; where a disturbance window is defined as the time required for an ecological or geomorphic process that is altered to return to pre-disturbance levels. We examined variability in the indicator determined for time series of MODIS and AVHRR NDVI remote sensing data for a database of ∼100 historical wildland fires, with associated post-fire reseeding treatments, that burned 1990–2003 in cold desert shrub steppe of the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau of the western USA. The indicator-based estimates of disturbance window length were examined relative to the day of the year that fires burned and seeding treatments to consider effects of contemporary variability in fire regime and management activities in this environment. A key finding was that contemporary changes of increased length of the annual fire season could have indirect effects on ecosystem degradation, as early season fires appeared to result in longer time that soils remained relatively bare of the protective cover of vegetation after fires. Also important was that reemergence of vegetation did not occur more quickly after fire in sites treated with post-fire seeding, which is a strategy commonly employed to accelerate post-fire vegetation recovery and stabilize soil. Future work with the indicator could examine other ecological factors that are dynamic in space and time following disturbance – such as nutrient cycling, carbon storage, microbial community composition, or soil hydrology – as a function of disturbance windows, possibly using simulation modeling and historical wildfire information.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004","usgsCitation":"Sankeya, J.B., Wallace, C., and Ravi, S., 2013, Phenology-based, remote sensing of post-burn disturbance windows in rangelands: Ecological Indicators, v. 30, p. 35-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-043510","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282292,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Idaho;Nevada;Oregon;Utah;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin;Columbia Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.11,34.92 ], [ -120.11,46.83 ], [ -114.13,46.83 ], [ -114.13,34.92 ], [ -120.11,34.92 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6b1fe4b0b29085103b13","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Sankey Joel B., Wallace Cynthia S.A., Ravi Sujith","journalName":"Ecological Indicators","publicationDate":"7/2013","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankeya, Joel B.","contributorId":86687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankeya","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Cynthia S.A.","contributorId":70487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Cynthia S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ravi, Sujith","contributorId":40844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravi","given":"Sujith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70058716,"text":"70058716 - 2013 - Wind River watershed restoration. Annual report. November 2011 through October 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T08:51:18","indexId":"70058716","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Wind River watershed restoration. Annual report. November 2011 through October 2012","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1>\n<p>This report summarizes work by U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s Columbia River Research Laboratory (USGS-CRRL) in the Wind River subbasin, from November 2011 through October 2012. Funding was provided by Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) under contract 55275. The primary focus of USGS activities during this time was tagging of parr steelhead <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags, and establishing a network of instream PIT tag interrogation systems (PTIS). The PIT-tagged parr steelhead will provide movement and life history data through recapture events and detections at instream PTIS systems, will contribute to estimates of adult steelhead returning to the Wind River, and aid in the evaluation of the removal of Hemlock Dam on Trout Creek steelhead populations.</p>\n<p><span>The Wind River Watershed project (BPA Project Number 1998-019-00) is a collaborative effort to restore wild steelhead in the Wind River, WA. The four partner agencies are the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), USGS-CRRL, and Underwood Conservation District (UCD). This partnership was established in the early 1990s with support from BPA, and has continued to conduct extensive habitat, research, monitoring, and coordination activities across the subbasin. The project works at multiple levels to identify and characterize key limiting habitat factors in the Wind River; restore degraded habitats and watershed processes; document fish populations, life histories, and interactions; investigate efficacy of restoration actions; and to share information across agency and non-agency boundaries. Long-term research in the Wind River has focused on assessments of steelhead/rainbow trout populations, relationships with introduced populations of spring Chinook salmon <i>O. tshawytscha</i> and brook trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>, and effects of habitat variables and habitat restoration on fish productivity. </span></p>\n<p><span>During the period covered by this report, we PIT tagged steelhead parr in headwater sections of the subbasin (Figure 1), maintained a PTIS in Trout Creek, installed a PTIS in the Wind River, and installed smaller scale PTISs in Trapper Creek, Paradise Creek, and the Wind River upstream of Paradise Creek (Figure 2). Additionally we maintained thermologgers to collect water temperature data near the PIT tagging sites.&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p>A statement of work (SOW) was submitted to BPA in October 2011 that outlined work to be performed by USGS-CRRL. The SOW was organized by Work Element (WE), with each describing a research task. This report summarizes the progress completed under each WE.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","collaboration":"BPA Project Number: 1998-019-00. Report covers work performed under BPA contract number: 55275. Report was completed under BPA contract number: 59821.","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I.G., and Connolly, P., 2013, Wind River watershed restoration. Annual report. November 2011 through October 2012, 40 p.","productDescription":"40 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-11-01","temporalEnd":"2012-10-31","ipdsId":"IP-045885","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287615,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280261,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pisces.bpa.gov/release/documents/documentviewer.aspx?doc=P133526","text":"Report","size":"648.14 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.982107,45.715023 ], [ -121.982107,45.88214 ], [ -121.787086,45.88214 ], [ -121.787086,45.715023 ], [ -121.982107,45.715023 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b408e4b09e18fc023ad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, Ian G. 0000-0002-3842-3485 ijezorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-3485","contributorId":3572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"Ian","email":"ijezorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046702,"text":"ds774 - 2013 - National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-22T14:39:01.937968","indexId":"ds774","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"774","title":"National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: Data","docAbstract":"In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed the national assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources. Its data and results are reported in three publications: the assessment data publication (this report), the assessment results publication (U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources Assessment Team, 2013a, USGS Circular 1386), and the assessment summary publication (U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources Assessment Team, 2013b, USGS Fact Sheet 2013–3020). This data publication supports the results publication and contains (1) individual storage assessment unit (SAU) input data forms with all input parameters and details on the allocation of the SAU surface land area by State and general land-ownership category; (2) figures representing the distribution of all storage classes for each SAU; (3) a table containing most input data and assessment result values for each SAU; and (4) a pairwise correlation matrix specifying geological and methodological dependencies between SAUs that are needed for aggregation of results.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds774","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources Assessment Team, 2013, National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: data (Version 1: Originally posted June 2013; Version 1.1: September 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 774, Report: viii, 13 p.; 2 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,{"id":70193597,"text":"70193597 - 2013 - Constraints on magma processes, subsurface conditions, and total volatile flux at Bezymianny Volcano in 2007–2010 from direct and remote volcanic gas measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T08:50:42","indexId":"70193597","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on magma processes, subsurface conditions, and total volatile flux at Bezymianny Volcano in 2007–2010 from direct and remote volcanic gas measurements","docAbstract":"<p><span>Direct and remote measurements of volcanic gas composition, SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>flux, and eruptive SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>mass from Bezymianny Volcano were acquired between July 2007 and July 2010. Chemical composition of fumarolic gases, plume SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>flux from ground and air-based ultraviolet remote sensing (FLYSPEC), and eruptive SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>mass from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite observations were used along with eruption timing to elucidate magma processes and subsurface conditions, and to constrain total volatile flux. Bezymianny Volcano had five explosive magmatic eruptions between May 2007 and June 2010. The most complete volcanic gas datasets were acquired for the October 2007, December 2009, and May 2010 eruptions. Gas measurements collected prior to the October 2007 eruption have a relatively high ratio of H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O/CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(81.2), a moderate ratio of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>/S (5.47), and a low ratio of S/HCl (0.338), along with moderate SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>fluxes of 280 and 980</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d, respectively, and high H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O and HCl fluxes of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>45,000 and ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>440</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d, respectively. These results suggest degassing of shallow magma (consistent with observations of lava extrusion) along with potential minor degassing of a deeper magma source. Gas measurements collected prior to the December 2009 eruption are characterized by relatively low H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O/CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(4.13), moderate CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>/S (6.84), and high S/HCl (18.7) ratios, along with moderate SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>fluxes of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>220 and ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d, respectively, and low H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O and HCl fluxes of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1700 and ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d, respectively. These trends are consistent with degassing of a deeper magma source. Fumarole samples collected ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>months following the May 2010 eruption are characterized by high H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O/CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(63.0), low CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>/S (0.986), and moderate S/HCl (6.09) ratios. These data are consistent with degassing of a shallow, volatile-rich magma source, likely related to the May eruption. Passive and eruptive SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>measurements are used to calculate a total annual SO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>mass of 109</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>kt emitted in 2007, with passive emissions comprising ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>87–95% of the total. Total annual volatile masses for the study period are estimated to range from 1.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>×</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10</span><sup>6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to 18</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>×</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10</span><sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/year. Annual CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>masses are ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>8 to 40 times larger than can be explained by degassing of dissolved CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>within eruptive magma, suggesting that the eruptive magma contained a significant quantity of exsolved volatiles sourced either from the eruptive melt or unerupted magma at depth. Variable total volatile fluxes ranging from ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d in 2009 to ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>49,000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>t/d in 2007 are attributed to variations in the depth of gas exsolution and separation from the melt under open-system degassing conditions. We propose that exsolved volatiles are quickly transported to the surface from ascending magma via permeable flow through a bubble and/or fracture network within the conduit and thus retain their equilibrium composition at the time of segregation from melt. The composition of surface CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O emissions from 2007 to 2009 are compared with modeled exsolved fluid compositions for a magma body ascending from entrapment depths to estimate depth of fluid exsolution and separation from the melt. We find that at the time of sample collection magma had already begun ascent from the mid-crustal storage region and was located at maximum depths of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3.7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km in August 2007, approximately 2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>months prior to the next magmatic eruption, and ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>4.6</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km in July of 2009 approximately five months prior to the next magmatic eruption. These findings suggest that the exsolved gas composition at Bezymianny Volcano may be used to detect magma ascent prior to eruption.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.015","usgsCitation":"Lopez, T., Ushakov, S., Izbekov, P., Tassi, F., Cahill, C., Neill, O., and Werner, C.A., 2013, Constraints on magma processes, subsurface conditions, and total volatile flux at Bezymianny Volcano in 2007–2010 from direct and remote volcanic gas measurements: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 263, p. 92-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.015.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-042711","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/25641","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Bezymianny Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              159.521484375,\n              55.178867663281984\n            ],\n            [\n              161.60888671875,\n              55.178867663281984\n            ],\n            [\n              161.60888671875,\n              57.028773851491124\n            ],\n            [\n              159.521484375,\n              57.028773851491124\n            ],\n            [\n              159.521484375,\n              55.178867663281984\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"263","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eace4b0531197b27fbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Taryn","contributorId":146828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"Taryn","affiliations":[{"id":16753,"text":"University of Alaska Geophysical Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ushakov, Sergey","contributorId":12135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ushakov","given":"Sergey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":85950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tassi, Franco","contributorId":95776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tassi","given":"Franco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cahill, Cathy","contributorId":199768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Cathy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neill, Owen","contributorId":199769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neill","given":"Owen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Werner, Cynthia A. cwerner@usgs.gov","contributorId":2540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Cynthia","email":"cwerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046371,"text":"70046371 - 2013 - Estimating age ratios and size of Pacific walrus herds on coastal haulouts using video imaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:48:39","indexId":"70046371","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T21:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating age ratios and size of Pacific walrus herds on coastal haulouts using video imaging","docAbstract":"During Arctic summers, sea ice provides resting habitat for Pacific walruses as it drifts over foraging areas in the eastern Chukchi Sea. Climate-driven reductions in sea ice have recently created ice-free conditions in the Chukchi Sea by late summer causing walruses to rest at coastal haulouts along the Chukotka and Alaska coasts, which provides an opportunity to study walruses at relatively accessible locations. Walrus age can be determined from the ratio of tusk length to snout dimensions. We evaluated use of images obtained from a gyro-stabilized video system mounted on a helicopter flying at high altitudes (to avoid disturbance) to classify the sex and age of walruses hauled out on Alaska beaches in 2010–2011. We were able to classify 95% of randomly selected individuals to either an 8- or 3-category age class, and we found measurement-based age classifications were more repeatable than visual classifications when using images presenting the correct head profile. Herd density at coastal haulouts averaged 0.88 walruses/m<sup>2</sup> (std. err. = 0.02), herd size ranged from 8,300 to 19,400 (CV 0.03–0.06) and we documented ~30,000 animals along ~1 km of beach in 2011. Within the herds, dependent walruses (0–2 yr-olds) tended to be located closer to water, and this tendency became more pronounced as the herd spent more time on the beach. Therefore, unbiased estimation of herd age-ratios will require a sampling design that allows for spatial and temporal structuring. In addition, randomly sampling walruses available at the edge of the herd for other purposes (e.g., tagging, biopsying) will not sample walruses with an age structure representative of the herd. Sea ice losses are projected to continue, and population age structure data collected with aerial videography at coastal haulouts may provide demographic information vital to ongoing efforts to understand effects of climate change on this species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0069806","usgsCitation":"Monson, D., Udevitz, M.S., and Jay, C.V., 2013, Estimating age ratios and size of Pacific walrus herds on coastal haulouts using video imaging: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 7, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069806.","ipdsId":"IP-045689","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069806","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277133,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069806"}],"country":"United States","volume":"8","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52206d61e4b0645fc25e8c2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047325,"text":"fs20133066 - 2013 - Relationships between the health of Alaska Native communities and our environment -- phase 1, exploring and communicating","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T15:48:37","indexId":"fs20133066","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T15:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3066","title":"Relationships between the health of Alaska Native communities and our environment -- phase 1, exploring and communicating","docAbstract":"Alaska Natives depend on local natural resources for nutritional and, for many, spiritual health. As a result, public health in Alaska is strongly influenced by the relationship between people and their surrounding physical, chemical, and biological environments. Alaska is vast with diverse wildlife and plant communities that are valued as subsistence foods (fig. 1). These resources are supported by equally diverse ecosystems and their underpinning landforms and geologies. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is attempting to integrate physical, chemical, and biological information to better describe current (2013) environments and project scenarios for the future. Integrating ecological data into the public health dialogue is challenging for the more than 280 rural communities of Alaska. This fact sheet reviews a recent USGS effort, the Geographic Information System (GIS) Native Health Project, to better incorporate scientific information into such dialogue.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133066","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., 2013, Relationships between the health of Alaska Native communities and our environment -- phase 1, exploring and communicating: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3066, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133066.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133066.bmp"},{"id":275645,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3066/"},{"id":275644,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3066/pdf/fs20133066.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa2c80e4b076c3a8d82623","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Durelle","contributorId":24258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Durelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047254,"text":"ofr20131178 - 2013 - Significance of headwater streams and perennial springs in ecological monitoring in Shenandoah National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T15:50:02","indexId":"ofr20131178","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T15:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1178","title":"Significance of headwater streams and perennial springs in ecological monitoring in Shenandoah National Park","docAbstract":"Shenandoah National Park has been monitoring water chemistry and benthic macroinvertebrates in stream ecosystems since 1979. These monitoring efforts were designed to assess the status and trends in stream condition associated with atmospheric deposition (acid rain) and changes in forest health due to gypsy moth infestations. The primary objective of the present research was to determine whether the current long-term macroinvertebrate and water-quality monitoring program in Shenandoah National Park was failing to capture important information on the status and trends in stream condition by not sufficiently representing smaller, headwater streams. The current benthic-macroinvertebrate and water-chemistry sampling designs do not include routine collection of data from streams with contributing watershed areas smaller than 100 hectares, even though these small streams represent the overwhelming proportion of total stream length in the park. In this study, we sampled headwater sites, including headwater stream reaches (contributing watershed area approximately 100 hectares (ha) and perennial springs, in the park for aquatic macroinvertebrates and water chemistry and compared the results with current and historical data collected at long-term ecological monitoring (LTEM) sites on larger streams routinely sampled as part of ongoing monitoring efforts. The larger purpose of the study was to inform ongoing efforts by park managers to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the current aquatic monitoring program in light of other potential stressors (for example, climate change) and limited resources. Our results revealed several important findings that could influence management decisions regarding long-term monitoring of park streams. First, we found that biological indicators of stream condition at headwater sites and perennial springs generally were more indicative of lower habitat quality and were more spatially variable than those observed at sites on routinely monitored larger streams. We hypothesized that poorer stream condition observed in smaller streams was due to stream drying that occurs more frequently in headwater areas. We also found that biological and water-chemistry measures responded differently to landscape drivers. Variation in most biological endpoints was driven primarily by stream size and was only secondarily associated with bedrock geology. In contrast, water chemistry showed essentially the opposite pattern, with underlying geology explaining much of the variation and stream size being of secondary importance. Therefore, expanding the LTEM program to include headwater areas would yield substantially different biological information, whereas broad inferences regarding spatial patterns in water chemistry would probably not change. Although significant differences in community composition were observed among streams of different sizes, no taxa were unique to headwater sites. All taxa collected at the 45 headwater sites also had been collected at one or more LTEM sites during one or more years. This observation indicates that headwater sites in the park may be structured by biotic nestedness; consequently, focusing management efforts on preserving the species pool at the larger LTEM sites would likely result in the protection of most taxa parkwide. Finally, linkages (correlations) between water chemistry and biological measures of stream condition were signficantly stronger when assessed at the LTEM sites than when assessed at the springs or headwater sites, indicating that conditions at downstream sites may be better indicators of water-quality trends.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131178","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Snyder, C.D., Webb, J., Young, J.A., and Johnson, Z.B., 2013, Significance of headwater streams and perennial springs in ecological monitoring in Shenandoah National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1178, v, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131178.","productDescription":"v, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049033","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131178.gif"},{"id":275648,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1178/pdf/ofr2013-1178.pdf"},{"id":275647,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1178/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -79,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -78,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -78,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -79,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa2c80e4b076c3a8d8262f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Craig D. 0000-0002-3448-597X csnyder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3448-597X","contributorId":2568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Craig","email":"csnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, James R.","contributorId":74431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"James R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, John A. 0000-0002-4500-3673 jyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":3777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"John","email":"jyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Zane B.","contributorId":21441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Zane","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70199861,"text":"70199861 - 2013 - Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications: the California Basin Characterization Model development and performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T15:22:10","indexId":"70199861","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T15:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1460,"text":"Ecological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications: the California Basin Characterization Model development and performance","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ASec1\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p class=\"Para\">Resource managers need spatially explicit models of hydrologic response to changes in key climatic drivers across variable landscape conditions. We demonstrate the utility of a Basin Characterization Model for California (CA-BCM) to integrate high-resolution data on physical watershed characteristics with historical or projected climate data to predict watershed-specific hydrologic responses.</p></div><div id=\"ASec2\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Methods</strong></p><p class=\"Para\">The CA-BCM applies a monthly regional water-balance model to simulate hydrologic responses to climate at the spatial resolution of a 270-m grid. The model has been calibrated using a total of 159 relatively unimpaired watersheds for the California region.</p></div><div id=\"ASec3\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Results</strong></p><p class=\"Para\">As a result of calibration, predicted basin discharge closely matches measured data for validation watersheds. The CA-BCM recharge and runoff estimates, combined with estimates of snowpack and timing of snowmelt, provide a basis for assessing variations in water availability. Another important output variable,<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">climatic water deficit</i>, integrates the combined effects of temperature and rainfall on site-specific soil moisture, a factor that plants may respond to more directly than air temperature and precipitation alone. Model outputs are calculated for each grid cell, allowing results to be summarized for a variety of planning units including hillslopes, watersheds, ecoregions, or political boundaries.</p></div><div id=\"ASec4\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p class=\"Para\">The ability to confidently calculate hydrologic outputs at fine spatial scales provides a new suite of hydrologic predictor variables that can be used for a variety of purposes, such as projections of changes in water availability, environmental demand, or distribution of plants and habitats. Here we present the framework of the CA-BCM model for the California hydrologic region, a test of model performance on 159 watersheds, summary results for the region for the 1981–2010 time period, and changes since the 1951–1980 time period.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-2-25","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., Thorne, J.H., and Boynton, R., 2013, Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications: the California Basin Characterization Model development and performance: Ecological Processes, v. 2, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1709-2-25.","productDescription":"Article 25; 21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-033531","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1709-2-25","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70044587,"text":"70044587 - 2013 - Self-reporting bias in Chinook salmon sport fisheries in Idaho: implications for roving creel surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T11:08:25","indexId":"70044587","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-reporting bias in Chinook salmon sport fisheries in Idaho: implications for roving creel surveys","docAbstract":"Self-reporting bias in sport fisheries of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in Idaho was quantified by comparing observed and angler-reported data. A total of 164 observed anglers fished for 541 h and caught 74 Chinook Salmon. Fifty-eight fish were harvested and 16 were released. Anglers reported fishing for 604 h, an overestimate of 63 h. Anglers reported catching 66 fish; four less harvested and four less released fish were reported than observed. A Monte Carlo simulation revealed that when angler-reported data were used, total catch was underestimated by 14–15 fish (19–20%) using the ratio-of-means estimator to calculate mean catch rate. Negative bias was reduced to six fish (8%) when the means-of-ratio estimator was used. Multiple linear regression models to predict reporting bias in time fished had poor predictive value. However, actual time fished and a categorical covariate indicating whether the angler fished continuously during their fishing trip were two variables that were present in all of the top a priori models evaluated. Underreporting of catch and overreporting of time fished by anglers present challenges when managing Chinook Salmon sport fisheries. However, confidence intervals were near target levels and using more liberal definitions of angling when estimating effort in creel surveys may decrease sensitivity to bias in angler-reported data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.808293","usgsCitation":"McCormick, J.L., Quist, M.C., and Schill, D.J., 2013, Self-reporting bias in Chinook salmon sport fisheries in Idaho: implications for roving creel surveys: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 4, p. 723-731, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.808293.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"731","ipdsId":"IP-042902","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275622,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.808293"}],"country":"United States","volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa2c80e4b076c3a8d8262b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, Joshua L.","contributorId":105193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. mquist@usgs.gov","contributorId":4042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schill, Daniel J.","contributorId":66562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047311,"text":"sir20135072 - 2013 - Naturally occurring contaminants in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers and Piedmont Early Mesozoic basin siliciclastic-rock aquifers, eastern United States, 1994–2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T09:00:08","indexId":"sir20135072","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-31T08:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5072","title":"Naturally occurring contaminants in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers and Piedmont Early Mesozoic basin siliciclastic-rock aquifers, eastern United States, 1994–2008","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality and aquifer lithologies in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces in the eastern United States vary widely as a result of complex geologic history. Bedrock composition (mineralogy) and geochemical conditions in the aquifer directly affect the occurrence (presence in rock and groundwater) and distribution (concentration and mobility) of potential naturally occurring contaminants, such as arsenic and radionuclides, in drinking water. To evaluate potential relations between aquifer lithology and the spatial distribution of naturally occurring contaminants, the crystalline-rock aquifers of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces and the siliciclastic-rock aquifers of the Early Mesozoic basin of the Piedmont Physiographic Province were divided into 14 lithologic groups, each having from 1 to 16 lithochemical subgroups, based on primary rock type, mineralogy, and weathering potential. Groundwater-quality data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program from 1994 through 2008 from 346 wells and springs in various hydrogeologic and land-use settings from Georgia through New Jersey were compiled and analyzed for this study. Analyses for most constituents were for filtered samples, and, thus, the compiled data consist largely of dissolved concentrations. Concentrations were compared to criteria for protection of human health, such as U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking water maximum contaminant levels and secondary maximum contaminant levels or health-based screening levels developed by the USGS NAWQA Program in cooperation with the USEPA, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, and Oregon Health & Science University. Correlations among constituent concentrations, pH, and oxidation-reduction (redox) conditions were used to infer geochemical controls on constituent mobility within the aquifers.\n\nOf the 23 trace-element constituents evaluated, arsenic, manganese, and zinc were detected in one or more water samples at concentrations greater than established human health-based criteria. Arsenic concentrations typically were less than 1 microgram per liter (µg/L) in most groundwater samples; however, concentrations of arsenic greater than 1 µg/L frequently were detected in groundwater from clastic lacustrine sedimentary rocks of the Early Mesozoic basin aquifers and from metamorphosed clastic sedimentary rocks of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline rock aquifers. Groundwater from these rock units had elevated pH compared to other rock units evaluated in this study. Of the nine samples for which arsenic concentration was greater than 10 µg/L, six were classified as oxic and three as anoxic, and seven had pH of 7.2 or greater. Manganese concentrations typically were less than 10 µg/L in most samples; however, 8.3 percent of samples from the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers and 3.0 percent of samples from the Early Mesozoic basin siliciclastic rock aquifers had manganese concentrations greater than the 300-µg/L health-based screening level. The positive correlation of manganese with iron and ammonia and the negative correlation of manganese with dissolved oxygen and nitrate are consistent with the reductive dissolution of manganese oxides in the aquifer. Zinc concentrations typically were less than 10 µg/L in the groundwater samples considered in the study, but 0.4 percent and 5.5 percent of the samples had concentrations greater than the health-based screening level of 2,000 µg/L and one-tenth of the health-based screening level, respectively. The mean rank concentration of zinc in groundwater from the quartz-rich sedimentary rock lithologic group was greater than that for other lithologic groups even after eliminating samples collected from wells constructed with galvanized casing.\n\nApproximately 90 percent of 275 groundwater samples had radon-222 concentrations that were greater than the proposed alternative maximum contaminant level of 300 picocuries per liter. In contrast, only 2.0 percent of 98 samples had combined radium (radium-226 plus radium-228) concentrations greater than the maximum contaminant level of 5.0 picocuries per liter, and 0.6 percent of 310 samples had uranium concentrations greater than the maximum contaminant level of 30 µg/L. Radon concentrations were highest in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers, especially in granite, and elevated median concentrations were noted in the Piedmont Early Mesozoic basin aquifers, but without the extreme maximum concentrations found in the crystalline rocks (granites). Although the siliciclastic lithologies had a greater frequency of elevated uranium concentrations, radon and radium were commonly detected in water from both siliciclastic and crystalline lithologies. Uranium concentrations in groundwater from clastic sedimentary and clastic lacustrine/evaporite sedimentary lithologic groups within the Early Mesozoic basin aquifers, which had median concentrations of 3.6 and 3.1 µg/L, respectively, generally were higher than concentrations for other siliciclastic lithologic groups, which had median concentrations less than 1 µg/L. Although 89 percent of the 260 samples from crystalline-rock aquifers had uranium concentrations less than 1 µg/L, 0.8 percent had uranium concentrations greater than the 30-µg/L maximum contaminant level, and 6.5 percent had concentrations greater than 3 µg/L.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135072","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Chapman, M.J., Cravotta, C.A., Szabo, Z., and Lindsay, B.D., 2013, Naturally occurring contaminants in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers and Piedmont Early Mesozoic basin siliciclastic-rock aquifers, eastern United States, 1994–2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5072, xi, 74 p.; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135072.","productDescription":"xi, 74 p.; Tables","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1994-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135072.bmp"},{"id":275608,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5072/"},{"id":275609,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5072/pdf/sir2013-5072.pdf"},{"id":275607,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5072/table/Chapman_PIED6_Tables.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Delaware;Georgia;Maryl;New Jersey;North Carolina;Pennsylvania;Virginia;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Piedmont And Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.0,32.0 ], [ -86.0,44.0 ], [ -70.0,44.0 ], [ -70.0,32.0 ], [ -86.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa2c7fe4b076c3a8d8261b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Melinda J. 0000-0003-4021-0320 mjchap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4021-0320","contributorId":1597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Melinda","email":"mjchap@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":2240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindsay, Bruce D.","contributorId":102360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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