{"pageNumber":"5733","pageRowStart":"143300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165653,"records":[{"id":70227332,"text":"70227332 - 1971 - Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T15:17:40.350861","indexId":"70227332","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T09:10:47","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction","docAbstract":"<p>Convincing evidence that man can trigger earthquakes has been developed since the 1963–1967 report. The fact that man can start earthquakes has increased our understanding of earthquake mechanisms and reinforced our judgment that we are approaching the possibility of earthquake prediction.</p><p>Traditionally, seismologists have avoided the subject of earthquake prediction because of its distasteful association with people who claim to be able to predict earthquakes by mystical nonscientific methods. Research on prediction has been intensified since the reports of the Panel on Earthquake Prediction [<i>Press</i>, 1965] and the Interagency Working Group for Earthquake Research [<i>Pecora</i>, 1968],. however, and it is appropriate to assess our progress toward that goal.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Pakiser et al</i>. [1969] and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Oliver</i><span>&nbsp;</span>[1970] have also summarized recent U.S. progress toward earthquake prediction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO052i005pIU171","usgsCitation":"Healy, J.H., and Pakiser, L.C., 1971, Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction: Eos Science News, v. 52, no. 5, p. 171-174, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO052i005pIU171.","productDescription":"IUGG, 4 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, J. H.","contributorId":48968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pakiser, L. C.","contributorId":83512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pakiser","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70236456,"text":"70236456 - 1971 - Mapping from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T13:57:25.101143","indexId":"70236456","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T08:32:27","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12574,"text":"Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping from space","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remote sensing of the earth promises to become an operational tool of the engineer and the scientist within the next few years. There are no real technical limits on the uses of data from space sensors. However, it is not practical to fly special missions, particularly in space, for each specific use. General-purpose, earth-sensing missions aimed at meeting a wide variety of requirements must be defined. Engineers must help define earth-sensing missions, based on the concepts of repetitive coverage, multispectral response, and spatial correlation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357","usgsCitation":"Colvocoresses, A.P., 1971, Mapping from space: Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division, v. 97, no. 1, p. 125-132, https://doi.org/10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvocoresses, Alden P.","contributorId":72779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvocoresses","given":"Alden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":851081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70209761,"text":"70209761 - 1971 - Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-24T16:25:31.773439","indexId":"70209761","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-24T11:06:39","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>High S-34 values for primary alunites (formed during hydrothermal phase) replacing plagioclase and groundmass of altered volcanic rocks, secondary alunite veins (formed during supergene alteration) with S-34 values near zero permil</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.4.618","usgsCitation":"Jensen, M., Ashley, R.P., and Albers, J.P., 1971, Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 4, p. 618-626, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.4.618.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"618","endPage":"626","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":374256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Goldfield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62536621093749,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62536621093749,\n              38.805470223177466\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.805470223177466\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jensen, M.L.","contributorId":224358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashley, Roger P. ashley@usgs.gov","contributorId":2749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"Roger","email":"ashley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":787912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Albers, J. P.","contributorId":81505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5220793,"text":"5220793 - 1971 - A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-21T16:48:51.260831","indexId":"5220793","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","docAbstract":"<p>The mourning dove (<i>Zenaidura macroura</i>) call-count survey is a nationwide audio-census of breeding mourning doves. Recent analyses of the call-count routes have utilized a stratification based upon physiographic regions of the United States. An analysis of 5 years of call-count data, based upon stratification using potential natural vegetation, has demonstrated that this uew stratification results in strata with greater homogeneity than the physiographic strata, provides lower error variance, and hence generates greatet precision in the analysis without an increase in call-count routes. Error variance was reduced approximately 30 percent for the contiguous United States. This indicates that future analysis based upon the new stratification will result in an increased ability to detect significant year-to-year changes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799607","usgsCitation":"Blankenship, L.H., Humphrey, A., and MacDonald, D., 1971, A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 35, no. 2, p. 319-326, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799607.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"326","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193992,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        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           48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n          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H.","contributorId":53489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenship","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Humphrey, A.B.","contributorId":96785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humphrey","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Duncan","contributorId":16824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Duncan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227316,"text":"70227316 - 1971 - Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T22:00:38.567632","indexId":"70227316","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:56","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-SplitView widget-instance-SplitView_Article\"><div class=\"article\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleMainView widget-instance-ArticleMainView_Split\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"article-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-ArticleFulltext_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"ArticleFulltext\"><p id=\"15273334\" class=\"abstract-title jumplink-heading\">A geochronologic study of several intrusive bodies of alkalic granite from eastern Massachusetts yields the following radiometric ages (in millions of years).</p><table border=\"0\" class=\"mce-item-table\"><tbody><tr><td>Rock unit</td><td>Amphibole&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>K-Ar</td><td>Whole-rock <br>Rb-Sr isochron&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><br>zircon</td></tr><tr><td>Quincy Granite</td><td>430-458</td><td>313 ± 22</td><td>437 ± 32</td></tr><tr><td>Cape Ann Granite&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>374-397</td><td>435 ± 6</td><td>452 ± 10</td></tr><tr><td>Peabody Granite</td><td>350-403</td><td>367 ± 24</td><td>435 + 12<br>445 ± 22</td></tr></tbody></table><div><div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The zircon ages show only mild internal discordancies and most diffusion models used to discuss U-Th-Pb isotopic systematics would give a true age about equal to that of the Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>value. When plotted on a concordia diagram, the zircon data indicate a time of emplacement of 450 ± 25 m.y. for all three granite bodies. This Late Ordovician age for post-tectonic granites suggests that revisions in the commonly accepted geologic interpretation of eastern Massachusetts may be required. Previously, because of their massive, undeformed nature, the alkalic rocks were generally regarded as being Mississippian or Devonian in age and younger than the Early to Middle Devonian Acadian orogeny.</p><p>The amphibole K-Ar and whole-rock Rb-Sr systems have responded in a complex way to postcrystallization disturbances. We interpret the pattern of ages for the Quincy Granite to reflect a late Paleozoic(?), low-temperature alteration that accompanied extensive faulting, and the patterns of ages for the Cape Ann and Peabody Granites to reflect a Devonian heating possibly related to contact metamorphism by a nearby mafic pluton.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R.E., and Marvin, R.F., 1971, Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 937-957, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"937","endPage":"957","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.64483642578125,\n              42.577354839557856\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5816650390625,\n              42.65214190481525\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.62286376953124,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.65719604492188,\n              42.696567309696974\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.69015502929688,\n              42.66123150298925\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.76568603515625,\n              42.69555799408926\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.80001831054688,\n              42.71574118930587\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86318969726562,\n              42.68849232550868\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              42.712714128355564\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99227905273438,\n              42.66022161324799\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.02935791015625,\n              42.60667398549725\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zartman, Robert E.","contributorId":47356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marvin, Richard F.","contributorId":23125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227413,"text":"70227413 - 1971 - Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:20:48.669918","indexId":"70227413","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:09","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>During 1970 the Geological Survey conducted a study to evaluate the surface-water data collection program. Objectives were formulated, specific goals were set, a massive analysis of available data was made to determine the extent to which the present system enables the goals to be met, alternatives were considered for meeting the remaining goals, and finally, specific elements were identified for inclusion in the future program. The results of the evaluation will be used in planning the future streamflow data program. Less productive elements in the present program can be weeded out, and the effort devoted to more critically needed water data. The study provides the groundwork for redirection of efforts towards a more efficient system for satisfying present and future needs.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x","usgsCitation":"Carter, R.W., and Benson, M.A., 1971, Nationwide study of the streamflow data program: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 7, no. 2, p. 383-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"385","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, R. W.","contributorId":77125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, M. A.","contributorId":32510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227347,"text":"70227347 - 1971 - Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T20:59:03.293383","indexId":"70227347","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T14:54:06","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites","docAbstract":"<p>Mineralogically, serpentinites consist predominantly of lizardite, clinochrysotile, and antigorite. Recent work has shown that these minerals are not polymorphs. Chrysotile is the only mineral recognized as a synthetic product in experimental studies of the system MgO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O. Antigorite seems to be stable at higher temperatures than lizardite or chrysotile. The density of individual serpentine species is dependent on their morphology; the low-density serpentinites (&lt;2.55g/cc) consist predominantly of clino-chrysotile. Seismic velocities and magnetic susceptibilities of serpentinites are related to the degree of serpentinization. The transition of massive serpentinites from ductile to brittle behavior in laboratory experiments at high confining pressures and temperatures above 300°C has been related to dehydration which may provide a mechanism for developing deep-focus earthquakes along Benioff zones.</p><p>Serpentinite is formed by direct hydration of ultramafic protolith in the crust. The most common ultramafic protoliths are harzburgite, dunite, and Iherzolite. The assemblage generally developed from these is lizardite + chrysotile + brucite + magnetite. In areas of high-grade metamorphism, antigorite is the predominant serpentine mineral. The common, large, alpine-type serpentinized ultramafic masses contain brucite and have MgO/SiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios similar to those of their protolith, resulting in volume increase during serpentinization. Metamorphic serpentinites and some highly sheared alpine-type serpentinites have lower MgO/SiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios than their protolith, lack brucite, and appear t o have been formed by volume-for-volume replacement with concomitant loss of magnesium or addition of silica.</p><p>Many large, young masses of peridotite appear to be slabs of oceanic mantle over-thrust onto continental edges. Subsequent sedimentation, serpentinization, and tectonism have greatly modified these original slabs so that their recognition in older orogenic zones is equivocal. The concept of the tectonic evolution of ultramafic rocks from oceanic crust-mantle slabs invading continental margins and being incrementally serpentinized and moved by later tectonic events provides a working hypothesis that allows a better explanation of the many peculiar and varied occurrences of serpentinite. The evidence does not support Hess' suggestion that the third layer of the oceanic crust consists of partly serpentinized mantle peridotite.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[897:PAGNOS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Coleman, R.G., 1971, Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 897-917, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[897:PAGNOS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"897","endPage":"917","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, Robert G.","contributorId":88022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207391,"text":"70207391 - 1971 - Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T07:34:24","indexId":"70207391","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T14:32:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the Berea area, a small quartz monzonite pluton intrudes chlorite-actinolite schist and is overlapped by Coastal Plain sand and gravel deposits. A detailed aeroradioactivity survey of the area shows unusually high radioactivity (1,150 counts per second) over the quartz monzonite. A total of 22 auger samples was taken across all formations to a depth of 2 to 3 feet, and radioelement concentrations were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. There is a general direct correlation of high radioactivity with increase in radioelement concentrations. Abundances of uranium and particularly thorium in the quartz monzonite are two and three times the average for rocks of this type; a comparison is made with other granitic rocks high in uranium and thorium. © 1971 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.302","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Neuschel, S., Bunker, C.M., and Busa, C., 1971, Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 302-308, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.302.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70227392,"text":"70227392 - 1971 - Gravitational sliding and the foreland thrust and fold belt of the North American Cordillera: Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T20:23:18.073656","indexId":"70227392","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T14:03:40","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravitational sliding and the foreland thrust and fold belt of the North American Cordillera: Reply","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1139:GSATFT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Mudge, M.R., 1971, Gravitational sliding and the foreland thrust and fold belt of the North American Cordillera: Reply: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 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,{"id":70227441,"text":"70227441 - 1971 - Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T19:33:22.305326","indexId":"70227441","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T13:27:16","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Mathematical proof establishes identity of hypsometric integral and elevation-relief ratio, two quantitative topographic descriptors developed independently of one another for entirely different purposes. Operationally, values of both measures are in excellent agreement for arbitrarily bounded topographic samples, as well as for low-order fluvial watersheds. By using a point-sampling technique rather than planimetry, elevation-relief ratio (defined as mean elevation minus minimum elevation divided by relief) is calculated manually in about a third of the time required for the hypsometric integral.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1079:ERHIAG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Pike, R.J., and Wilson, S.E., 1971, Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 1079-1083, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1079:ERHIAG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1079","endPage":"1083","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pike, Richard J. rpike@usgs.gov","contributorId":5753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pike","given":"Richard","email":"rpike@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":830915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Stephen E.","contributorId":271122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227275,"text":"70227275 - 1971 - Gold content of natural waters in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T19:29:39.635675","indexId":"70227275","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T13:21:16","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gold content of natural waters in Colorado","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Neutron activation analysis of 67 samples of water draining from gold-barren and gold-enriched sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks of the Colorado Front Range reveals a relatively small range in total gold content (nondetectable to 150 nanograms per liter). \"Solute\" gold concentrations were generally higher than particulate gold concentrations and both were unrelated to rock or water types. The data suggest the occurrence of a spring flush out of \"solute\" gold in groundwater discharge during the snow-melt recharge period but indicate that direct hydrogeochemical prospecting for gold is unpromising.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.309","usgsCitation":"Gosling, A.W., Jenne, E., and Chao, T.T., 1971, Gold content of natural waters in Colorado: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 309-313, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.309.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"313","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Front 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 \"}}]}","volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gosling, Arthur W.","contributorId":51364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gosling","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenne, E. A.","contributorId":45716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenne","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227388,"text":"70227388 - 1971 - Basin and range structure: A system of horsts and grabens produced by deep-seated extension","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T19:15:48.778462","indexId":"70227388","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T13:08:17","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basin and range structure: A system of horsts and grabens produced by deep-seated extension","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-SplitView widget-instance-SplitView_Article\"><div class=\"article\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleMainView widget-instance-ArticleMainView_Split\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleTopInfo widget-instance-ArticleTopInfo_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget article-top-widget content-metadata_wrap\"></div></div><div class=\"toolbar-wrap vt-toolbar-wrap\"><div class=\"toolbar-inner-wrap\"><p>Basin and Range structure can be interpreted as a system of horsts and grabens produced by the fragmentation of a crustal slab above a plastically extending substratum. According to this view, the extension of the substratum causes the basal part of the slab to be pulled apart along narrow, systematically spaced zones which in turn cause the downdropping of complex horizontal prisms (grabens) in the brittle upper crust. The grabens form valleys at the surface; the intervening areas are horsts, or tilted horsts.<br></p></div></div><div class=\"article-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-ArticleFulltext_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"ArticleFulltext\"><div><div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Not all geologists have agreed, however, that Basin and Range structure consists of a system of horsts and grabens. Instead, the structure is commonly considered to consist of tilted blocks in which the upslope part of an individual block forms a mountain and the downslope part a valley. Recent detailed studies, including geophysical work, suggest that the horst and graben model may be more generally applicable. Many of the valleys in the Great Basin are bounded on both sides by faults that drop the valley block down; these faults are exposed at the surface or can be inferred from steep gravity gradients indicative of steep faulted subsurface bedrock slopes. Some areas that were thought to represent a typical series of tilted blocks may be a series of highly asymmetrical grabens in which one side of a valley is marked by a master fault and the other side by valleyward tilt. With present knowledge, most, or perhaps all, of the major valleys in the Great Basin can plausibly be considered to be grabens, and most or all of the mountains can be considered to be horsts or tilted horsts.</p><p>The grabens, and the underlying inferred deep zones of extension that cause them, are systematically distributed in the Great Basin. They are generally north-trending features spaced 15 to 20 mi apart. Locally, the pattern is more complex, and individual grabens divide and trend away from each other at acute or high angles. In a few places, the pattern may even be roughly polygonal. The distribution pattern of the grabens and the related deep zones of extension resemble crack patterns in small-scale tensional systems, and both patterns may be mechanically related. By analogy with the small-scale systems, the areas of generally north-trending and parallel grabens require east-west extension, whereas the areas with a possible polygonal pattern of grabens must extend radially.</p><p>The geometry of block faulting related to Basin and Range structure requires sizable east-west extension, estimated at about 1.5 mi on the average for each major valley and at about 30 to 60 mi across the entire Great Basin. Most of this extension has taken place in the last 17 m.y., or perhaps even in the last 7 to 11 m.y., indicating a rate of extension in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 cm/yr.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1019:BARSAS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J., 1971, Basin and range structure: A system of horsts and grabens produced by deep-seated extension: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 1019-1043, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1019:BARSAS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1043","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.69580078125001,\n              38.90813299596705\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.92724609375,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.67529296874999,\n              34.903952965590065\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.169921875,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.90673828125,\n              38.976492485539396\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0166015625,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.69775390625,\n              42.94033923363181\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04833984375001,\n              43.03677585761058\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.65185546875,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.69580078125001,\n              38.90813299596705\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":14383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227274,"text":"70227274 - 1971 - The age of porphyry-type copper mineralization in the Bingham mining district, Utah — A refined estimate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T19:19:25.218453","indexId":"70227274","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T13:05:26","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The age of porphyry-type copper mineralization in the Bingham mining district, Utah — A refined estimate","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.331","usgsCitation":"Moore, W., and Lanphere, M.A., 1971, The age of porphyry-type copper mineralization in the Bingham mining district, Utah — A refined estimate: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 331-334, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.331.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"334","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bingham Mining District","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.26516723632812,\n              40.68063802521456\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.26654052734375,\n              40.56806745430726\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.29537963867188,\n              40.531545551348394\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.34207153320312,\n              40.478292268560175\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.33657836914062,\n              40.38944285970334\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.27203369140625,\n              40.3130432088809\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.19924926757812,\n              40.24913603826261\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.1099853515625,\n              40.26695230509778\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.10723876953124,\n              40.333983227838104\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.07565307617186,\n              40.36014911643671\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.98776245117188,\n              40.39205775317998\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.01385498046874,\n              40.51693121343741\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.06260681152344,\n              40.58736384168138\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.10311889648438,\n              40.684803661591275\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.26516723632812,\n              40.68063802521456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, William J.","contributorId":30983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"William J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":830247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170498,"text":"70170498 - 1971 - Flooded area of Lake St. Croix Beach, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T12:19:55","indexId":"70170498","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of Lake St. Croix Beach, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70170498","usgsCitation":"Carlson, G., 1971, Flooded area of Lake St. Croix Beach, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70170498.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Lake St. Croix beach","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.79499053955078,\n              44.904158633376206\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.79499053955078,\n              44.95860326455075\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.75636672973633,\n              44.95860326455075\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.75636672973633,\n              44.904158633376206\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.79499053955078,\n              44.904158633376206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571b4b2fe4b071321fe31c7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, G.H.","contributorId":26277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227308,"text":"70227308 - 1971 - Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part I, origin of composite granitic batholiths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T18:57:13.799776","indexId":"70227308","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T12:44:13","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part I, origin of composite granitic batholiths","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Intrusion of Mesozoic batholiths in California and the western North America Cordillera began in the Late Triassic 210 m.y. ago and ended in the Late Cretaceous 80 m.y. ago. Emplacement of granitic rocks was apparently not continuous but was accomplished during five major epochs of intrusion at approximately 30 m.y. intervals, each epoch taking 10 to 20 m.y. to complete. A progressive transgression of epicontinental seas onto the midcontinent occurred during the same interval of time as the batholithic emplacement to the west. A penecontemporaneous deformation near the loci of granitic emplacement and a temporary regression during the major progressive transgression of seas onto the midcontinent are correlated with each intrusive epoch. The locus of Mesozoic granitic rocks was a source of sediments during most of the period of time required to emplace the batholiths; the origin of the batholithic magmas cannot be related only to localized down-warping of geosynclines. The source of the major proportion of the mobile granodioritic magmas of the Sierra Nevada was within the mantle, as is indicated by Sr isotope data. All plutons now exposed in the Sierra Nevada, whether of Cretaceous age or older, were emplaced at depths of a very few kilometers, the shallowest having been emplaced at depths of 4 km or less. The spatial relationships among these synchronous geologic phenomena and the geochemical and geophysical data from the same region are accounted for by a northwestward drift of North America in the region of the western Cordillera of the United States onto and across a Mesozoic feature that had characteristics like present-day oceanic rises.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[853:SNPCPI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kistler, R.W., Evernden, J., and Shaw, H.R., 1971, Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part I, origin of composite granitic batholiths: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 853-868, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[853:SNPCPI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"868","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394040,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.43261718749999,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.99267578124999,\n              38.96795115401593\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.003662109375,\n              41.9921602333763\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.014404296875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.14599609375001,\n              41.36856413680967\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.244873046875,\n              40.98819156349393\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06909179687501,\n              40.27952566881291\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.57470703125,\n              39.37677199661635\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.058349609375,\n              38.762650338334154\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.70678710937499,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.12451171875,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.388427734375,\n              36.77409249464195\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.0478515625,\n              36.34167804918315\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.795166015625,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.87207031250001,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5205078125,\n              34.876918445772084\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27880859375001,\n              34.985003130171066\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              35.41591492345623\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.65258789062499,\n              36.01356058518153\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.94921874999999,\n              36.465471886798134\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.125,\n              36.79169061907076\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.30078125,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.43261718749999,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kistler, R. W.","contributorId":36112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kistler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evernden, J. F.","contributorId":40593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evernden","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaw, H. R.","contributorId":23952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227307,"text":"70227307 - 1971 - Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part II, tidal energy and a hypothesis for orogenic-epeirogenic periodicities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T18:46:05.911501","indexId":"70227307","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T12:31:59","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part II, tidal energy and a hypothesis for orogenic-epeirogenic periodicities","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The dissipative power of the solid earth tides is the order of 10<sup>19</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ergs/sec, or a few percent of terrestrial heat flow. It is proposed that this energy is concentrated along oceanic ridge systems and in the asthenosphere by mechanisms of viscous dissipation involving shear melting. Tidal energy localizes and sustains sources of sea-floor spreading through the melting mechanism, convection and magmatic transfer. Components of this energy enter the continent as magmatic heat either where ridge type sources and continents interact or where lateral motions induce shear zones and viscous dissipation within the continent. Temporal maxima of igneous intrusion into continental crust and related epeirogenic oscillations, spaced at intervals of about 30 m.y., are explained in terms of periodic thermal instabilities in the process of shear melting in the mantle. That is, maxima in rates of magma production in the mantle are relieved by vertical magmatic transfer. This process is coupled with lateral motions of the continent in a way analogous to episodic creep episodes of much shorter period in motions of active fault systems. Calculated periodicities are found to be simultaneously compatible with (l) the Sierra Nevada intrusive epochs of Part I, (2) oscillations in the eustatic curve during the Mesozoic Era, (3) concepts of sea-floor spreading, and (4) the magnitude of tidal power. More profound epeirogenic oscillations, having periods of about 200 m.y., are induced by variations in proportioning of tidal energy dissipation between the solid earth and the epicontinental seas. Thus, the tidal deformations of the earth provide information that leads to a general dynamic theory where magmatism, orogency, epeirogeny, sea-floor spreading and continent migration are systematically interrelated.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[869:SNPCPI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Shaw, H.R., Kistler, R.W., and Evernden, J., 1971, Sierra Nevada plutonic cycle: Part II, tidal energy and a hypothesis for orogenic-epeirogenic periodicities: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 869-895, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[869:SNPCPI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"869","endPage":"895","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394038,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.43261718749999,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.99267578124999,\n              38.96795115401593\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.003662109375,\n              41.9921602333763\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.014404296875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.14599609375001,\n              41.36856413680967\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.244873046875,\n              40.98819156349393\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06909179687501,\n              40.27952566881291\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.57470703125,\n              39.37677199661635\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.058349609375,\n              38.762650338334154\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.70678710937499,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.12451171875,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.388427734375,\n              36.77409249464195\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.0478515625,\n              36.34167804918315\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.795166015625,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.87207031250001,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5205078125,\n              34.876918445772084\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27880859375001,\n              34.985003130171066\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              35.41591492345623\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.65258789062499,\n              36.01356058518153\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.94921874999999,\n              36.465471886798134\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.125,\n              36.79169061907076\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.30078125,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.43261718749999,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, H. R.","contributorId":23952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kistler, R. W.","contributorId":36112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kistler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evernden, J. F.","contributorId":40593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evernden","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227383,"text":"70227383 - 1971 - Sedimentary and gravity-slide emplacement of serpentinite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T17:53:30.626953","indexId":"70227383","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T11:30:10","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary and gravity-slide emplacement of serpentinite","docAbstract":"<p>Large deposits of serpentinite in alpine-type orogenic areas have been formed by sedimentary processes ranging from the detrital accumulation of bedded serpentinite sandstone and shale to the emplacement of chaotic breccias (olistostromes) and gigantic slide blocks. Known occurrences of sedimentary serpentinite are listed, and eight deposits from the circum-Pacific, Caribbean, and Mediterranean areas are described in detail. Sedimentary serpentinites range in age from early Paleozoic to Quaternary, although most are Cretaceous or Tertiary. Most were deposited in eugeosynclinal environments, early in the geosynclinal cycle. Individual deposits range in thickness from a few centimeters to nearly 3 km, and several extend laterally for tens of kilometers. Graded bedding is common, and many deposits contain marine fossils.</p><p>Serpentinite is the dominant rock constituent, and clasts foreign to the alpine ultramafic assemblage are rare. Chemical analyses often detrital serpentinites show that these rocks contain slightly more silica and alumina than do nondetrital serpentinites, due to contamination by aluminosilicate minerals and quartz during deposition. This and nine other criteria are potentially useful in the recognition of sedimentary serpentinites.</p><p>Several features suggest that most sedimentary serpentinites were deposited very rapidly by submarine landslides, mudflows, or turbidity currents. The sources of this serpentinite debris are postulated to be upward-migrating serpentinite protrusions which penetrate the seafloor or Earth's surface upslope from eventual depositional sites.</p><p>Sedimentary serpentinites are much more abundant in alpine-type orogenic areas than is commonly thought, and many ultramafic masses presently regarded as igneous intrusions or tectonic protrusions may in fact be coeval with, instead of younger than, their enclosing sedimentary or metasedimentary rocks. In eugeosynclinal sequences such as the Franciscan Formation, some elongate bodies now regarded as serpentinite sills may be beds of ultramafic detritus whose sedimentary features have been masked by post-depositional shearing; isolated masses may be exotic slide blocks. A sedimentary origin can explain some of the most persistent and perplexing characteristics of many alpine serpentinites: their conformity with enclosing sedimentary rocks, their grossly planar shapes, and the absence of metamorphism along their contacts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[919:SAGEOS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lockwood, J.P., 1971, Sedimentary and gravity-slide emplacement of serpentinite: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 919-936, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[919:SAGEOS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"919","endPage":"936","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Colombia, Cuba, Italy, Russia, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Apennine Mountains, Coast Ranges, Guajira Peninsula, Oriente, Penzhinskaya 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P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70170503,"text":"70170503 - 1971 - Flooded area of Montevideo, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-22T12:42:46","indexId":"70170503","displayToPublicDate":"1971-03-03T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of Montevideo, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70170503","usgsCitation":"Carlson, G., 1971, Flooded area of Montevideo, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70170503.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Montevideo","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.83305358886719,\n              44.8699828720045\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.83305358886719,\n              45.02355322956419\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              45.02355322956419\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              44.8699828720045\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.83305358886719,\n              44.8699828720045\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571b4b2fe4b071321fe31c85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, G.H.","contributorId":26277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227349,"text":"70227349 - 1971 - Thrust and strike-slip faulting in the Plomosa Mountains, southwestern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T21:51:47.642007","indexId":"70227349","displayToPublicDate":"1971-03-01T15:31:29","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thrust and strike-slip faulting in the Plomosa Mountains, southwestern Arizona","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Thrust and strike-slip faulting are recognized in the Plomosa Mountains, southwestern Arizona. The distribution of rock types and the geometry of the thrust faults necessitate that the upper plate moved from east to west. The amount of displacement is not known, but is considered to be large. Apparent separations along the strike-slip faults are in a right-lateral sense and are greater than 19,000 ft. Rhyodacite flows, dated by K-Ar methods at 19 to 20 m.y., unconformably overlie the thrust faults and are cut by the strike-slip faults.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[717:TASFIT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Miller, F.K., and McKee, E.H., 1971, Thrust and strike-slip faulting in the Plomosa Mountains, southwestern Arizona: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 3, p. 717-722, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[717:TASFIT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"722","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Plomosa Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.158935546875,\n              33.582019124986424\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.158935546875,\n              33.51220193130392\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.12872314453125,\n              33.489871424805116\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.07516479492188,\n              33.48128123469761\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.04014587402342,\n              33.567716918862175\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.00718688964844,\n              33.592887216626245\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.99551391601562,\n              33.62662677351111\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01199340820312,\n              33.66092464108172\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.04632568359375,\n              33.67921124932958\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06898498535156,\n              33.68149680197185\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.114990234375,\n              33.67921124932958\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.14382934570312,\n              33.63405913759068\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.158935546875,\n              33.582019124986424\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, F. K.","contributorId":10803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":830546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227395,"text":"70227395 - 1971 - A shortcut for computing stream depletion by wells using analog or digital models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T20:55:56.109033","indexId":"70227395","displayToPublicDate":"1971-03-01T14:50:34","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A shortcut for computing stream depletion by wells using analog or digital models","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Theory indicates that the effect of a discharging well on a nearby stream is independent of the length of the reach. The theory was confirmed using a digital computer model of short and long reaches of a stream-aquifer system. Digital computations using short reaches of most stream-aquifer systems will give results comparable in accuracy to one of a long reach with considerably less effort and expense.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03538.x","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board and the Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Taylor, O., 1971, A shortcut for computing stream depletion by wells using analog or digital models: Groundwater, v. 9, no. 2, p. 9-11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03538.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, O. James","contributorId":23958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"O. James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227309,"text":"70227309 - 1971 - Nomenclature and correlation of some upper Precambrian and basal Cambrian sequences in western Utah and southeastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T19:11:55.767009","indexId":"70227309","displayToPublicDate":"1971-03-01T13:00:33","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nomenclature and correlation of some upper Precambrian and basal Cambrian sequences in western Utah and southeastern Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>Recent stratigraphic studies in three widely separated localities in southeastern Idaho and western Utah have revealed a startling continuity of both individual rock units and of rock sequences over a distance of some 300 mi parallel to the strike of a late Precambrian and Cambrian depositional trough. Between 15,000 and 25,000 ft of beds were deposited in the axis of the trough, whereas only 1000 to 3300 ft of correlative rocks were laid down on the shelf to the east. In several areas a diamictite is present near the base of the sequence; this is underlain locally and overlain generally by argillites containing lenticular limestones and dolomites; these in turn are succeeded by quartzitic rocks containing a thick grayish-red to maroon unit—the Mutual Formation. In each area the sequence includes, at the top, quartzites typical of the basal Cambrian. Deposition in the basin was essentially continuous from late Precambrian into Cambrian time but was interrupted by uplift and erosion on the shelf. The hinge line of the ancient seaway is inferred to have coincided roughly with the present “Wasatch line,” but erosion prior to deposition of the Tintic Quartzite has removed most of the data needed to establish this with certainty.</p><p>Rocks in each of the three areas described here in detail are regarded as allochthonous and appear to have been thrust eastward during the Sevier orogeny. A precise reconstruction of the sedimentary basin must therefore await not only additional stratigraphic studies in such areas as the Promontory Range of Utah and the Bannock and Malad Ranges of southern Idaho, but also final resolution of the structural events.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[581:NACOSU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Crittenden, M.D., Schaeffer, F.E., Trimble, D.E., and Woodward, L.A., 1971, Nomenclature and correlation of some upper Precambrian and basal Cambrian sequences in western Utah and southeastern Idaho: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 3, p. 581-602, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[581:NACOSU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"602","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.51025390625,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              43.88205730390537\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.51025390625,\n              43.88205730390537\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.51025390625,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crittenden, Max D. 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,{"id":70227466,"text":"70227466 - 1971 - A further revision of the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Wissahickon Formation in Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-18T18:48:59.705726","indexId":"70227466","displayToPublicDate":"1971-03-01T12:42:05","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A further revision of the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Wissahickon Formation in Maryland","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The Wissahickon Formation, the thickest and most extensive unit of the Glenarm Series, was divided into lithofacies several years ago. We suggest revision of two of these lithofacies and addition of another. We also suggest that the term lithofacies be shortened to facies. The added facies, the quartzite facies, is distinguished by metamorphosed orthoquartzites and protoquartzites. It corresponds in part to the former Peters Creek quartzite.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[769:AFROTS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Higgins, M.W., and Fisher, G.W., 1971, A further revision of the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Wissahickon Formation in Maryland: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 3, p. 769-774, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[769:AFROTS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"769","endPage":"774","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Wissahickon Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.0086669921875,\n              38.87179021382536\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7891845703125,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7891845703125,\n              39.7240885773337\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.48681640625,\n              39.72197606377427\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.41241455078125,\n              39.317300373271024\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.51953125,\n              39.15349256868936\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.0086669921875,\n              38.87179021382536\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgins, Michael W.","contributorId":12459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, George Wescott","contributorId":51356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Wescott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1007634,"text":"1007634 - 1971 - The functional significance of movements and positions of the pinnae of the African Elephant, Loxodonta africana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-10T15:18:41.278292","indexId":"1007634","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The functional significance of movements and positions of the pinnae of the African Elephant, Loxodonta africana","docAbstract":"<p><span>Observations of wild African elephants (</span><i>Loxodonta africana</i><span>) in Uganda indicated that flapping and spreading the highly vascularized ears are probably important functions for heat dissipation. Ear flapping increased as ambient temperatures rose and decreased or ceased during cold or rainy weather. Rate of ear flapping was inversely related to wind velocity. Spreading the ears reduced ear flapping, particularly when an elephant faced downwind. Stimuli that elicited alertness, excitement, or hostility caused elephants to raise their heads and spread their ears widely and rigidly, and large elephants occasionally flapped their ears loudly and sharply. Flapping and spreading the ears for heat dissipation are generally not interpreted as danger signals by other elephants.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1378428","usgsCitation":"Buss, I., and Estes, J.A., 1971, The functional significance of movements and positions of the pinnae of the African Elephant, Loxodonta africana: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 52, no. 1, p. 21-27, https://doi.org/10.2307/1378428.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489052,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1378428","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Uganda","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[31.86617,-1.02736],[30.76986,-1.01455],[30.4191,-1.13466],[29.82152,-1.44332],[29.57947,-1.34131],[29.58784,-0.58741],[29.8195,-0.2053],[29.87578,0.59738],[30.08615,1.06231],[30.46851,1.58381],[30.85267,1.8494],[31.17415,2.20447],[30.77332,2.33989],[30.83385,3.50917],[31.24556,3.7819],[31.88145,3.55827],[32.68642,3.79232],[33.39,3.79],[34.005,4.24988],[34.47913,3.5556],[34.59607,3.05374],[35.03599,1.90584],[34.6721,1.17694],[34.18,0.515],[33.89357,0.10981],[33.90371,-0.95],[31.86617,-1.02736]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Uganda\"}}]}","volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a84e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buss, I.O.","contributorId":83873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buss","given":"I.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":315760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70201453,"text":"wdrSD701 - 1971 - Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T23:09:31.508554","indexId":"wdrSD701","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-25T14:40:56","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"SD-70-1","title":"Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrSD701","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Water resources data for South Dakota, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report SD-70-1, vii, 135 p., 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,{"id":70227398,"text":"70227398 - 1971 - Deformation of lee-side laminae in eolian dunes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T23:12:14.99416","indexId":"70227398","displayToPublicDate":"1971-02-01T16:56:40","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation of lee-side laminae in eolian dunes","docAbstract":"<p>Processes responsible for structures in sand dunes consist of (l) primary deposition by saltation and creep and by settling from suspension, (2) redeposition accompanying avalanching, and (3) penecontemporaneous erosion. Characteristics of dune structures were examined in the field by introducing marker beds of magnetite at times of sand deposition, thus recording original surfaces and making possible the determination of subsequent changes. Similar structures were examined in the laboratory by testing processes and comparing the resulting structural forms with corresponding natural features.</p><p>Avalanching in sand is of two types: sand flow and slumping. Deformational structures characteristic of each were recorded in the field and were reproduced in the laboratory. Nine varieties of deformational structures are recognized and described. Analysis of these structures suggests criteria for distinguishing compressional types (lower dune slope) from tensional types (upper dune slope).</p><p>The analysis of deformational structures also serves to distinguish between forms developed in cohesive sand and those in non-cohesive sand. Since the degree of cohesion is largely a function of the amount of moisture in the sand at the time of avalanching, the deformational structures provide a means for recognizing original dry sand, wet sand, sand crusts, and saturated sand surfaces in ancient deposits. A testing of these criteria was made by comparing laboratory samples with those of dry sand at White Sands, New Mexico, and with those of coastal dunes (probably wet sand) in southern Brazil.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[359:DOLLIE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.D., Douglass, J.R., and Rittenhouse, S., 1971, Deformation of lee-side laminae in eolian dunes: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 2, p. 359-378, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[359:DOLLIE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"378","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"White Sands National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.48052215576172,\n              32.86805334178712\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.4798355102539,\n              32.69226560224167\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.46266937255858,\n              32.69197666693998\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.46266937255858,\n              32.679262587945516\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.43245697021484,\n              32.65498522937631\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.37752532958983,\n              32.65671954513891\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.37718200683592,\n              32.66394549864635\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3421630859375,\n              32.66452354969056\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3425064086914,\n              32.67839565300552\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.29032135009766,\n              32.67955156438898\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.29066467285155,\n              32.68619776453418\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.2443161010742,\n              32.68648671853771\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.17874145507812,\n              32.77082127004142\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.13685607910156,\n              32.77082127004142\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.13719940185547,\n              32.79651010951669\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.1605453491211,\n              32.785542748453956\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.17118835449219,\n              32.786120011700625\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.17084503173828,\n              32.82940407627986\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.15333557128906,\n              32.82940407627986\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.15299224853516,\n              32.87439713468237\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.48052215576172,\n              32.86805334178712\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin D.","contributorId":60207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglass, John R.","contributorId":271080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglass","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5106,"text":"National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Mammoth, Wyoming 82190","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittenhouse, Suzanne","contributorId":271082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenhouse","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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