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In order to utilize this natural resource in the most efficient and beneficial manner, a basic knowledge and understanding of its sources and the occurrence and potential of each source must be gained. To provide this knowledge, the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Iowa Geological Survey compiled this atlas describing the water resources available for development in an 11-county area in southeast Iowa. The report contains information on the availability, quality, and utilization of water from all known sources and the future demands upon the water resources in southeast Iowa. The information is presented to aid water users and other persons searching for and evaluating sources of water in a particular place, and planners and water managers who must consider water resources on a regional basis.
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R. W.","contributorId":49380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, J.V.","contributorId":6851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70170501,"text":"70170501 - 1971 - Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T12:20:26","indexId":"70170501","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70170501","usgsCitation":"Carlson, G., 1971, Flooded area of Lakeland Shores, Minnesota: Open-File Report, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70170501.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Lakeland Shores","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.90695503868511\n ],\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.97002036412507\n ],\n [\n -92.75344848632812,\n 44.97002036412507\n ],\n [\n -92.75344848632812,\n 44.90695503868511\n ],\n [\n -92.8070068359375,\n 44.90695503868511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571b4b2fe4b071321fe31c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, G.H.","contributorId":26277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227310,"text":"70227310 - 1971 - Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T19:28:19.602453","indexId":"70227310","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T13:23:44","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment","docAbstract":"The types of rocks that form geologic units in the Earth’s crust supply most of the raw materials from which soils are formed and from which water derives its inorganic constituents. The compositions of what we eat and drink thus depend in part upon the compositions of the source rocks.
Igneous rocks are formed by crystallization and solidification of a rock melt. Metamorphic rocks are formed by recrystallization of both igneous and sedimentary rocks caused by heat and pressure within the Earth’s crust. Sedimentary rocks are formed chiefly by the deposition in water of weathering and erosion products of pre-existing igneous, metamorphic, or other sedimentary rocks. The compositions of metamorphic rocks are generally similar to the compositions of the rocks that were metamorphosed, and only igneous and sedimentary rock compositions are considered here.
Igneous rocks range in SiO2 content from about 40 to nearly 80 percent, and other constituents increase in amount as SiO2 decreases. The changes in the other constituents are not large, however, except for the quantitatively unimportant least silicic rocks; these contain conspicuously more magnesium and less aluminum than the other kinds of igneous rocks.
Sedimentary rocks range in SiO2 content from nearly zero for the carbonate rocks to almost 100 percent for quartzite and pure sandstone. Shale and clay contain intermediate amounts of SiO2 and as much as 25 percent AI2O3, more than any of the igneous rocks. Carbonate rocks are composed mostly of calcium and magnesium carbonates.
The contents of individual trace elements vary widely with rock type. Chromium, titanium, nickel, and cobalt are conspicuously concentrated in low-silica igneous rocks that are quantitatively unimportant. Arsenic, iodine, molybdenum, and selenium are conspicuously concentrated in shale and clay. In addition, most other elements occur in largest amounts in shale and clay compared to other sedimentary rocks, and in amounts nearly equal to those in igneous rocks.
Soils derived from different kinds of igneous rocks do not differ from each other as much as do soils derived from different kinds of sedimentary rocks. This is partly because igneous rocks generally are more resistant to weathering than sedimentary rocks that were deposited in water. Some of the important constituents of sedimentary rocks have been precipitated from solution, which makes them more susceptible to weathering and re-solution. Similarly, sedimentary rocks have a greater effect than igneous rocks on the composition of ground water.
Determination of areal variations in composition should be more detailed than normal petrologic investigations if the results are to be usable for environmental studies. Statistical principles should be used in planning the sampling, analysis, and interpretation of results.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental geochemistry in health and disease","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM123-p13","usgsCitation":"Tourtelot, H., 1971, Chemical compositions of rock types as factors in our environment, chap. of Environmental geochemistry in health and disease, v. 123, p. 13-20, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM123-p13.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cannon, Helen L.","contributorId":96249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Helen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830398,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopps, Howard C.","contributorId":189752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopps","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830399,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Tourtelot, Harry A.","contributorId":97903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tourtelot","given":"Harry A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227467,"text":"70227467 - 1971 - Magnetic susceptibility and triangular exchange coupling in the tourmaline mineral group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T16:06:06.445927","indexId":"70227467","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T12:52:21","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2428,"text":"Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic susceptibility and triangular exchange coupling in the tourmaline mineral group","docAbstract":"Magnetic susceptibilities of three iron-rich tourmaline crystals from Mexquitic (Mexico), Pierpont (New York), and Madagascar with different and known chemical compositions have been studied from 8° to 300°K. The iron atoms in the tourmaline crystal structure, space group R3m, a∼15·9, c∼7·2 , are situated at the three corners of an equilateral triangle and are close enough for magnetic exchange interaction. For buergerite, the Mexquitic sample, the susceptibility data lead to an exchange constant J/k of 7·5°K. Although the amount of aluminum would be sufficient to fill point position 18(c) exactly, the magnetic data are consistent with some substitution of ferric iron for aluminum, as previously determined from X-ray and neutron diffraction studies. Some aluminum thus replaces iron in position 9(b). Exchange constants were also estimated for the other two magnesium-iron specimens, of which the madagascar sample is aluminum deficient. The results agree with the evidence from optical spectra that there is considerable deviation from octahedral symmetry in the oxygen coordination polyhedra about the 9(b) and 18(c) point positions.
Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) has been measured in 21 lava flows and 1 tuff in the south-west wall of Ngorongoro caldera, Tanzania. The lowest three lavas are normally magnetized, the next two have intermediate directions, and the remainder are reversed; potassium-argon dating places the reversal at 2.45 My, corresponding to the Gauss Matuyama epoch boundary. Alternating-field demagnetization was effective in removing the ubiquitous lightning-produced secondary magnetizations, but partial thermal demagnetization was not. Curie temperatures of the lavas fell into two groups: 250°–350°C and 570°–585°C, probably corresponding to unoxidized and oxidized titanomagnetites respectively. NRM directions in the lavas occurred in several distinct and stratigraphically continuous groups, suggesting intermittent eruption of groups of lavas. No correspondence was found between NRM groups and other parameters, such as Curie temperatures. The dispersion of mean NRM directions is large in comparison with late Quaternary lavas from low latitudes in the Pacific basin, but probably is not large relative to the proportion of the geomagnetic field in Africa that is non-dipolar. The mean palaeomagnetic pole is offset 10.5° from the geographic pole, but because of the large dispersion, the difference is not considered significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1971.tb03585.x","usgsCitation":"Grommé, C., Reilly, T.A., Mussett, A.E., and Hay, R.L., 1971, Palaeomagnetism and potassium-argon ages of volcanic rocks of Ngorongoro caldera, Tanzania: Geophysical Journal International, v. 22, no. 1, p. 101-115, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1971.tb03585.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"115","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tanzania","otherGeospatial":"Ngorongoro caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 35.56343078613281,\n -3.2652903510623252\n ],\n [\n 35.606689453125,\n -3.255692874850599\n ],\n [\n 35.61286926269531,\n -3.245409763149227\n ],\n [\n 35.64033508300781,\n -3.230327676778435\n ],\n [\n 35.66162109375,\n -3.209075265900692\n ],\n [\n 35.67878723144531,\n -3.1727394767107056\n ],\n [\n 35.676727294921875,\n -3.1418873316617173\n ],\n [\n 35.6561279296875,\n -3.1103486408983576\n ],\n [\n 35.59913635253906,\n -3.078123352118987\n ],\n [\n 35.569610595703125,\n -3.091150714460597\n ],\n [\n 35.55519104003906,\n -3.095950228721475\n ],\n [\n 35.544891357421875,\n -3.0932076518043607\n ],\n [\n 35.52635192871094,\n -3.1034922786128134\n ],\n [\n 35.51124572753906,\n -3.11720495860026\n ],\n [\n 35.500946044921875,\n -3.1144624368758076\n ],\n [\n 35.476226806640625,\n -3.1473722243542896\n ],\n [\n 35.473480224609375,\n -3.1617699301764772\n ],\n [\n 35.47210693359375,\n -3.1994772578712416\n ],\n [\n 35.465240478515625,\n -3.215245366333813\n ],\n [\n 35.49751281738281,\n -3.2433531282402988\n ],\n [\n 35.509185791015625,\n -3.246095307188778\n ],\n [\n 35.542144775390625,\n -3.255692874850599\n ],\n [\n 35.56343078613281,\n -3.2652903510623252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grommé, C. S.","contributorId":38558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grommé","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, T. A.","contributorId":271169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mussett, A. E.","contributorId":6193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mussett","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, R. L.","contributorId":34170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70260855,"text":"70260855 - 1971 - Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T18:16:51.000171","indexId":"70260855","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:59:12","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70260855","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Imperial Irrigation District","usgsCitation":"Irwin, G.A., 1971, Water-quality data for selected sites tributary to the Salton Sea, California, August 1969 - June 1970: Open-File Report, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70260855.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":485020,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260855/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":463880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260855/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, George A.","contributorId":35363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70242053,"text":"70242053 - 1971 - Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-05T21:09:31.955009","indexId":"70242053","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:18:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site","docAbstract":"Studies of published and unpublished geologic and ground-water data, for an inventory of 6,032 wells and 754 springs in parts of Inyo and Mono Counties, California, and Clark, Esmeralda, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, Nevada, reveal the following information:
A complex sequence of granitic, metamorphic, volcanic, and sedimentary rocks of Precambrian to Holocene age are present in the study area. Rocks of lower Precambrian age are metamorphic. These rocks can be divided into five principal types: (a) valley fill, (b) volcanic, (c) carbonate, (d) clastic, and (e) metamorphic and granitic. The valley fill which produces large amounts of water is the best aquifer and it contains the largest number of wells. The carbonate and the volcanic rocks produce small to large amounts of water from fractures or solution cavities. The clastic rocks and the metamorphic and granitic racks produce very little ground water.
The greatest concentration of wells in the study area is in the Las Vegas area, which has 79 percent of the total wells inventoried. The Las Vegas area has less than 1 percent of the springs inventoried.
The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance, for the area exclusive of Las Vegas, are irrigation, domestic, public supply, and industrial. The major uses of ground water listed in order of abundance in the Las Vegas area are domestic, irrigation, public supply, and commercial.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70242053","usgsCitation":"Thordarson, W., and Robinson, B., 1971, Wells and springs in California and Nevada within 100 miles of point 37°15' N, 116°25' W, on Nevada test site, Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70242053.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 178 p.; 4 Plates: 29.01 x 20.78 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":433525,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":432598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":433526,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":433523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70242053/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 36.83018971496931\n ],\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 35.1509926527515\n ],\n [\n -114.58100001192527,\n 35.1509926527515\n ],\n [\n -114.58100001192527,\n 36.83018971496931\n ],\n [\n -117.12871205149412,\n 36.83018971496931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.P.","contributorId":7685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70271733,"text":"70271733 - 1971 - Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T19:42:27.140657","indexId":"70271733","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T11:17:07","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"This study, like other similar studies, was made possible by a cooperative water-resources program between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority (at the time), representing also the Puerto Rico Aqueduct & Sewer Authority and the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company.
This report covers the hydrologic investigation made in 1967 in the Coamo area, on the south coast of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the investigation was to make a preliminary, intensive reconnaissance of the water resources of the area. Emphasis was on the Coamo fan, which is essentially coextensive with the coastal plain.
The scope of the investigation covered the collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrologic data so as to arrive at a linkage between how much, where, and what type of water is available in relation to the water needs of the area (largely for irrigation).
This report is based in good part on the field work of Ralph Gonzalez, hydrologic assistant for the project, who installed and maintained in working order most of the recording instruments and collected most of the field data. We acknowledge the cooperation of Luce & Company, owner or user of most of the water wells in the area. Its personnel guided us to their wells and provided invaluable records on well yield and rainfall.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70271733","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico","usgsCitation":"Giusti, E.V., 1971, Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70271733.","productDescription":"31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495869,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70271733/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":495868,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70271733/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Puerto Rico","city":"Coamo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 18.61812040597721\n ],\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 17.80333089063508\n ],\n [\n -65.56416750050371,\n 17.80333089063508\n ],\n [\n -65.56416750050371,\n 18.61812040597721\n ],\n [\n -67.41782863900221,\n 18.61812040597721\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giusti, Ennio V.","contributorId":35301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giusti","given":"Ennio","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":949219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047678,"text":"70047678 - 1971 - Open-channel integrating-type flow meter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-05T13:36:34","indexId":"70047678","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T10:59:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Open-channel integrating-type flow meter","docAbstract":"A relatively inexpensive meter for measuring cumulative flow in open channels with a rated control,. called a \"totalizer\", was developed. It translates the nonlinear function of gage height to flow by use of a cam and a float. A variable resistance element in an electronic circuit is controlled by the float so that the electron flow in the circuit corresponds to the flow of water. The flow of electricity causes electroplating of an electrode with silver. The amount of silver deposited is proportionate to the flow of water. The total flow of water is determined by removing the silver from the electrode at a fixed rate with ·an electronic device and recording the time for removal with a counter. The circuit is designed so that the ,resultant reading on the counter is in acre-feet of water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Albuquerque, NM","doi":"10.3133/70047678","usgsCitation":"Koopman, K., 1971, Open-channel integrating-type flow meter: Open-File Report, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047678.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047678.jpg"},{"id":278737,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047678/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e37e4b0b08f44619916","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koopman, K.C.","contributorId":75424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koopman","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227163,"text":"70227163 - 1971 - Comments on An unconventional approach to flood frequency analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-31T15:57:48.947164","indexId":"70227163","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T09:53:42","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comments on An unconventional approach to flood frequency analysis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626667109493053","usgsCitation":"Benson, M.A., 1971, Comments on An unconventional approach to flood frequency analysis: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 16, no. 2, p. 91-91, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667109493053.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"91","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667109493053","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Manuel A.","contributorId":41405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Manuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231035,"text":"70231035 - 1971 - Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-29T15:06:34.226612","indexId":"70231035","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T09:38:49","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat","docAbstract":"An attempt was made to investigate the potential of airborne, multispectral, line scanner data acquisition and computer-implemented automatic recognition techniques for providing useful information about waterfowl breeding habitat in North Dakota. The spectral characteristics of the components of a landscape containing waterfowl habitat can be detected with airborne scanners. By analyzing these spectral characteristics it is possible to identify and map the landscape components through analog and digital processing methods. At the present stage of development multispectral remote sensing techniques are not ready for operational application to surveys of migratory bird habitat and other such resources. Further developments are needed to: (1) increase accuracy; (2) decrease retrieval and processing time; and (3) reduce costs.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems","conferenceDate":"May 3-7, 1971","conferenceLocation":"University of Michigan, Michigan, United States","language":"English","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Nelson, H.K., Klett, A.T., and Johnston, J., 1971, Application of remote sensing techniques for appraising changes in wildlife habitat, in International Workshop in Earth Resources Survey Systems, v. 2, University of Michigan, Michigan, United States, May 3-7, 1971, p. 260-288.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"288","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":399900,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19730007669/downloads/19730007669.pdf","size":"12.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Woodworth","otherGeospatial":"Missouri Coteau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 46.89070082387964\n ],\n [\n -98.84811401367188,\n 46.89070082387964\n ],\n [\n -98.84811401367188,\n 47.27130916053534\n ],\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 47.27130916053534\n ],\n [\n -99.52583312988281,\n 46.89070082387964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Harvey K.","contributorId":101295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, Albert T.","contributorId":290904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klett","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":841797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, John E.","contributorId":38642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"John E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25186,"text":"25186 - 1971 - Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T09:10:19","indexId":"25186","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T09:09:07","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/25186","issn":"0364-7064","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Notice to lessees and operators of federal oil, gas, and sulphur leases in the outer continental shelf Gulf of Mexico region: OCS order nos. 1 through 12: Gulf of Mexico, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/25186.","productDescription":"52 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.86,18.18 ], [ -97.86,30.4 ], [ -81.04,30.4 ], [ -81.04,18.18 ], [ -97.86,18.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c64da5e4b0001bd514778d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227331,"text":"70227331 - 1971 - A comment concerning the applicability of the “open system” model to dating of fossil bones from San Joaquin soil, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T15:07:32.785348","indexId":"70227331","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T08:47:06","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comment concerning the applicability of the “open system” model to dating of fossil bones from San Joaquin soil, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(71)90014-8","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., 1971, A comment concerning the applicability of the “open system” model to dating of fossil bones from San Joaquin soil, California: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 10, no. 2, p. 252-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(71)90014-8.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"252","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3822021484375,\n 37.84883250647402\n ],\n [\n -120.56945800781249,\n 37.84883250647402\n ],\n [\n -120.56945800781249,\n 39.15136267949029\n ],\n [\n -122.3822021484375,\n 39.15136267949029\n ],\n [\n -122.3822021484375,\n 37.84883250647402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2000025,"text":"2000025 - 1971 - Biology of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) of the 1960 year class, isolated in the Big Garlic River, Michigan, 1960-65","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:55","indexId":"2000025","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Biology of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) of the 1960 year class, isolated in the Big Garlic River, Michigan, 1960-65","docAbstract":"The early life history of the sea lamprey, from hatching to the first capture of metamorphosed individuals, is described from observations on a known-age population isolated in a tributary of southern Lake Superior. The population had its origin in the spring of 1960, when 722 sea lampreys nearing spawning condition were introduced into the Big Garlic River, Marquette County, Michigan, a stream that had previously been free of lampreys because physical barriers prevented their upstream migration. The adults constructed 206 nests and spawned in 161 of them; an estimated 774,000 larvae were hatched. The average total lengths of larvae collected in October (when yearly growth was nearly complete) in 1960-65 were 13, 39, 63, 80, 92, and 107 mm in the successive years.\nA specially designed inclined-plane trap, installed at the lower end of the study area to monitor the downstream movement of larval and newly metamorphosed lampreys, captured 7,562 larvae in 1962-65 (none in 1960-61). The annual catch increased sharply from 9 in 1962 to 370 in 1963, 2,847 in 1964, and 4,336 in 1965. About 90% of each annual catch was taken by June 30. Most movement was at night.\nA total of 5,642 larvae were marked in 1962-65 by the subcutaneous injection of an insoluble dye, to study movement and distribution; 222 were recovered as larvae through 1965 (17 in the trap and 205 with an electric shocker). The recoveries of marked lampreys, the increase in density of larvae in the farthest downstream section of the study area, and the annual catches in the trap demonstrated that a large part of the population gradually shifted downstream. On the other hand, many larvae were still within less than 1 km from the place of hatching, after more than 5 years.\nThe capture of four recently metamorphosed sea lampreys (two males and two females), 152-172 mm long, in the fall of 1965, established the minimum age at transformation for larvae in the Big Garlic River at 5 years. Age and length (with the exception of a possible minimum length) were determined not to be critical factors in metamorphosis. The presence of larvae 65-176 mm long (mean, 107 mm) in the river in 1965 indicated that metamorphosis of lampreys in a single year class takes place over a period of years.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Manion, P.J., and McLain, A.L., 1971, Biology of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) of the 1960 year class, isolated in the Big Garlic River, Michigan, 1960-65: Technical Report 16, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":92059,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/TechReports/Tr16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db62317b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manion, Patrick J.","contributorId":99080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manion","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLain, Alberton L.","contributorId":15561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLain","given":"Alberton","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":96420,"text":"96420 - 1971 - Review of: Fish, amphibian and reptile remains from archaeological sites, Part 1: Southeastern and southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:58","indexId":"96420","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Review of: Fish, amphibian and reptile remains from archaeological sites, Part 1: Southeastern and southwestern United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Papers of the Peabody Museum Archaeol & Ethnol.","usgsCitation":"Douglas, C.L., 1971, Review of: Fish, amphibian and reptile remains from archaeological sites, Part 1: Southeastern and southwestern United States, v. 56.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603dff","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Olsen, Stanley J.","contributorId":112278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505700,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, C. L.","contributorId":64586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169261,"text":"70169261 - 1971 - Results from the apollo-12 passive seismic experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-05T16:09:47","indexId":"70169261","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Results from the apollo-12 passive seismic experiment","docAbstract":"The objective of the passive seismic experiment is to measure vibrations of the lunar surface produced by all natural and artificial sources of seismic energy and to use these data to deduce the internal structure and composition of the moon, the nature of forces which may cause deformation of the moon and moonquakes, and the numbers and masses of meteoroids striking the lunar surface. The ALSEP* seismometers can magnify lunar surface vibrations 10 million times. No instrument can operate on earth with this sensitivity, because weather and man produce too much seismic noise. To obtain answers to the above questions, seismic data must be combined with data from laboratory measurements of the physical and chemical properties of surface rocks, and many other geophyiscal and geochemical measurements. Thus far, we have had the opportunity to record data from two lunar seismic stations which were installed by the astronauts during Apollo misions and 12. The combined recording time from the stations is presently over 12 months, but there was no overlap to permit recording of the same event at two stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Latham, G., 1971, Results from the apollo-12 passive seismic experiment: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 3, no. 1, p. 4-9.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319258,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be49e4b0f59b85e02ed6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Latham, G.","contributorId":21824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latham","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009789,"text":"70009789 - 1971 - A general evaluation of the frequency distribution of clay and associated minerals in the alluvial soils of Ceylon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-27T20:36:27.263165","indexId":"70009789","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1760,"text":"Geoderma","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A general evaluation of the frequency distribution of clay and associated minerals in the alluvial soils of Ceylon","docAbstract":"Clay mineral analyses were made of several alluvial clay materials from Ceylon. These studies show that the soil materials can be divided into 3 clay mineral provinces on the basis of the frequency distribution of clay and associated minerals. The provinces closely follow the climatic divisions. The characteristic feature of this classification is the progressive development of gibbsite from Dry to Wet Zone areas. Gibbsite has been used as a reliable indicator mineral.
No abstract available
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Keyes, M., Barron, E., and Ross, A.J., 1971, Urine of the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus): analyses of 11 pelagic samples: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 159, no. 5, p. 567-570.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"567","endPage":"570","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"159","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb153e4b01ccd54f9ee8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keyes, M.C.","contributorId":152132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyes","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barron, E.J.","contributorId":182082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barron","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, A. J.","contributorId":105267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21479,"text":"ofr71333 - 1971 - An annotated bibliography of fauna and flora described from the Dockum Group of Triassic age in eastern New Mexico and West Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T13:29:56.472456","indexId":"ofr71333","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"71-333","title":"An annotated bibliography of fauna and flora described from the Dockum Group of Triassic age in eastern New Mexico and West Texas","docAbstract":"This annotated bibliography was prepared by Warren I. Finch from a rough copy compiled by the late James C. Wright in either late 1967 or early 1968 as an aid to his understanding of the stratigraphic distribution of uranium deposits in Triassic rocks of the Southern high Plains. He did not finish it, inasmuch as several references listed are not annotated. Nevertheless, it is fairly complete for North American literature for years prior to 1967, but it does not contain any papers published in Europe, several of which are pertinent. A few papers oil localities in Wyoming, the Colorado Plateau region, and Mexico are annotated for the purposes of generic and stratigraphic comparison. Wright collated many of the data; cross references are abundant.
The bibliography is presented as prepared by Wright; editing was held to a minimum. No additional check was made of the source materials for accuracy of the data--for example, spellings of fossil names. The stratigraphic nomenclature is that: used in the reports cited and may or may not conform to that currently accepted by the U.S. Geological Survey. A list of non-annotated references cited in the annotations was added.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr71333","usgsCitation":"Wright, J.C., and Finch, W.I., 1971, An annotated bibliography of fauna and flora described from the Dockum Group of Triassic age in eastern New Mexico and West Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 71-333, i, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr71333.","productDescription":"i, 26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403759,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1971/0333/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1971/0333/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.6005859375,\n 31.22219703210317\n ],\n [\n -101.09619140625,\n 31.22219703210317\n ],\n [\n -101.09619140625,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -105.6005859375,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -105.6005859375,\n 31.22219703210317\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6857c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, James C.","contributorId":83936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finch, Warren I.","contributorId":91923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finch","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010399,"text":"70010399 - 1971 - A Pliocene flora and insect fauna from the Bering Strait region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T23:43:27.22454","indexId":"70010399","displayToPublicDate":"1971-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Pliocene flora and insect fauna from the Bering Strait region","docAbstract":"A flood-plain forest has been preserved beneath a lava flow that invaded the Inmachuk River Valley in the northern part of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, during the Pliocene Epoch. The fossil flora is of great biogeographic interest because of its position (Fig. 1) in a tundra region about 250 km east of Bering Strait, 75 km south of the Arctic Circle, and 65 km west of the northwestern limit of spruce-birch forest. It provides insight into the history of the development of the circumpolar boreal forest (taiga). A rich arthropod fauna casts light on the phylogeny of several modern insect genera and on the origin of modern tundra faunas. A potassium-argon analysis of the overlying basaltic lava provides our first radiometric age estimate (5.7±0.2 million years) for the Clamgulchian Stage, a Late Tertiary time-stratigraphic unit based on fossil plants and widely recognized in Alaska (Wolfe and Hopkins 1967) and northeastern Siberia.
Paragasitic amphibole, occurring interstitially and as veins in peridotite inclusions in basanite, has reacted with the host basanite to form kaersutitic amphibole. The amphibole compositions vary with respect to distance from the edge of the xenolith; iron, titanium, and potassium contents are higher and magnesium, silicon, sodium, and chromium contents are lower closer to the basanite. Pargasite was exposed to the basanite when peridotite blocks broke open along amphibole veins during transport to the surface. Small amphibole fragments isolated in the basanite show the most reaction; compositional gradients in interstitial and vein amphibole are steep into peridotite inclusions where the amphibole was shielded from reaction.
The compositions of amphiboles so modified have no direct bearing on high pressure fractionation trends if the amphibole is cognate, or on the bulk composition of the upper mantle if it is accidental.
New data show that the Olduvai normal geomagnetic polarity event is represented in Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, by rocks covering a time span of roughly from 0.1 to 0.2 my and is no older than 2.0 my. Hence the long normal polarity event of this age that is seen in deep-sea sediment cores and in magnetic profiles over oceanic ridges should be called the Olduvai event. The lava from which the Gilsàevent was defined may have been erupted during the Olduvai event and, if so, the term Gilsàshould now be abandoned. Many dated lavas that were originally assigned to the Olduvai event represent one or two much shorter normal polarity events that preceded the Olduvai event; these are herein named the Réunion normal polarity events. This revision brings the geomagnetic reversal time scale into conformity with the one implied by assumptions of uniform sedimentation rates on the ocean floor and uniform rates of sea-floor spreading.
By the use of only relative photometry (intraframe) it is shown that the photometric functions of material reposed on the inner walls of some of the ypunger lunar craters photographed on the far side of the Moon from the Apollo 11 Command Module are not of a form which can be reduced to a dependence on phase angle and brightness-longitude (g, α) alone. Some other dependence on the completely general degrees of freedom described by phase angle, angle of incidence, and angle of emergence (g, i, ϵ) seems to be required. In addition, however, it has been found that a dependence of g and α is more closely approached for the crater, in the group observed, which is obviously the oldest by virtue of the roundedness of the rim crest and the mass-wasting which has occured on its inner walls. The possibility thus arises of crater age-dating by making a brightness ratio measurement together with some image geometry measurements. It is at least evident that more than one type of geologic material has been encountered.