Reported observations of Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon)-raptor interactions have ranged from brief encounters where the kingfisher escaped the raptor and the hawk subsequently flew away to repeated chases (Johnson 1925, McCabe and McCabe 1928, Skinner 1928, Smith 1963). In some repetitive chases, kingfishers appeared to initiate the interaction (McCabe and McCabe 1928, Skinner 1928).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Kirby, R.E., and Fuller, M.R., 1978, Observations and reinterpretation of kingfisher-raptor interactions: The Auk, v. 95, no. 3, p. 598-599.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"598","endPage":"599","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18514,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085173 "}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, Ronald E. ronald_kirby@usgs.gov","contributorId":195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Ronald","email":"ronald_kirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":332736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":332735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221667,"text":"5221667 - 1978 - Great blue herons respond to nesting habitat loss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5221667","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:33","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Great blue herons respond to nesting habitat loss","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., and Kurtz, J., 1978, Great blue herons respond to nesting habitat loss: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 6, no. 1, p. 35-37.","productDescription":"35-37","startPage":"35","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18506,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3781063","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66ed2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurtz, J.E.","contributorId":75654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221432,"text":"5221432 - 1978 - The effects of ingested petroleum on oviposition and some aspects of reproduction in experimental colonies of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T17:58:50.732118","indexId":"5221432","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:33","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2443,"text":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of ingested petroleum on oviposition and some aspects of reproduction in experimental colonies of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)","docAbstract":"Compared to unmated mallard ducks fed an uncontaminated diet, unmated birds given food contaminated with 3 ml South Louisiana crude oil per 100 g dry weight showed an 84% decline in the daily rate of oviposition, a 33% decrease in egg-shell thickness and at autopsy more than 82% of the ovarian mass consisted of atretic follicles. Similar studies on groups of mated females showed that although the addition of 1 ml South Louisiana crude oil/100 g dry food had no effect on the daily rate of oviposition, none of the eggs had been fertilized while a concentration of 3 ml South Louisiana crude oil/100 g dry food suppressed the daily rate of oviposition significantly. Less than 25% of these eggs had been fertilized and only 40% of the fertilized eggs yielded viable ducklings. In both of these groups of mated birds, normal patterns of oviposition, fertilization and hatchability were restored after removal of petroleum from the diet. The addition of 1 ml Kuwait crude oil/100 g dry food had no effect on the rate of oviposition, the incidence of fertility or the hatchability of the fertilized eggs.
The addition of 3 ml oil/100 g dry food completely abolished oviposition, but a normal rate of oviposition was restored when the concentration of the crude oil was reduced from 3 to 1 ml/100 g dry food. However, the incidence of fertilization remained low and none of the fertilized eggs gave rise to viable ducklings. Kuwait crude oil had no effect on shell thickness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Reproduction and Fertility","doi":"10.1530/jrf.0.0540335","usgsCitation":"Holmes, W.N., Cavanaugh, K., and Cronshaw, J., 1978, The effects of ingested petroleum on oviposition and some aspects of reproduction in experimental colonies of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos): Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, v. 54, no. 2, p. 335-347, https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0540335.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489966,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0540335","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":198380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62ea7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmes, W. N.","contributorId":70497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cavanaugh, K.P.","contributorId":105819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavanaugh","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronshaw, J.","contributorId":44247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronshaw","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221437,"text":"5221437 - 1978 - Toxicity of experimental lead-iron shot versus commercial lead shot in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T12:09:39","indexId":"5221437","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of experimental lead-iron shot versus commercial lead shot in mallards","docAbstract":"The toxicity of an experimental lead-iron shot containing 38.1 percent lead was compared with commercial lead shot in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) fed corn for 14 weeks. Significantly higher mortality occurred in ducks dosed with commercial lead shot compared to ducks given lead-iron shot containing comparable amounts of lead. Loss of body weight was indicative of the difference in toxicity of the 2 types of shot. Mortality was dose related in ducks given commercial lead shot; one #8 shot (73 mg lead) caused 35 percent mortality with higher amounts of lead causing 80 to 100 percent mortality. Ingestion of up to 2 #4 lead-iron shot (111 mg lead) caused no significant weight loss and only 5 percent mortality. However, ducks dosed with 5 lead-iron shot suffered 45 percent mortality and those given 16 shot 50 percent mortality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800686","usgsCitation":"Finley, M.T., and Dieter, M.P., 1978, Toxicity of experimental lead-iron shot versus commercial lead shot in mallards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 42, no. 1, p. 32-39, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800686.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finley, Mack T.","contributorId":73250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Mack","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dieter, Michael P.","contributorId":80547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220987,"text":"5220987 - 1978 - Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America: I. The northern California population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T16:34:05","indexId":"5220987","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America: I. The northern California population","docAbstract":"An estimated 355± 40 pairs (95 percent C.I.) of Ospreys (<i>Pandion haliaetus carolinensis</i>) nested in the northern California survey area in 1975. Eighty-one pairs were estimated along the extreme northern coast in Del Norte and Humboldt Counties. One hundred and forty-four pairs were estimated along California's northern coast in Mendociuo, Sonoma, and Marin Counties. The northern interior region, primarily in Siskiyou, Trinity, Shasta, Lassen, and Plumas Counties, contained an estimated 130 pairs. Forty-nine percent of the interior Osprey population is associated with reservoirs that were not present in 1900. We believe more Ospreys are present in the interior now than 75 years ago because of the increase in suitable habitat; nevertheless, populations at Shasta Lake and Clair Engle Lake are now exhibiting below-normal production rates and local declines. The long-term status of the coastal population, nesting along rivers, streams, and bays, is not clear. Recent production rates from two segments of the coastal population appear to be normal, but production at Usal Creek is below normal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Science Association","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Dunaway, D.J., Mallette, R.D., and Koplin, J.R., 1978, Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America: I. The northern California population: Northwest Science, v. 52, no. 3, p. 261-271.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"271","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.northwestscience.org/page-937324","text":"Northwest Science homepage"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 39.715638134796336\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -124.16748046874999,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -124.20043945312499,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -124.068603515625,\n 41.43449030894922\n ],\n [\n -124.09057617187499,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -124.134521484375,\n 40.95501133048621\n ],\n [\n -124.15649414062499,\n 40.83043687764923\n ],\n [\n -124.332275390625,\n 40.65563874006118\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 40.40513069752789\n ],\n [\n -124.26635742187501,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -123.848876953125,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -123.74999999999999,\n 39.45316112807394\n ],\n [\n -123.78295898437501,\n 39.32579941789298\n ],\n [\n -123.68408203124999,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -123.71704101562499,\n 38.96795115401593\n ],\n [\n -123.541259765625,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -123.31054687499999,\n 38.496593518947584\n ],\n [\n -123.12377929687499,\n 38.41916639395372\n ],\n [\n -123.02490234375,\n 38.298559092254344\n ],\n [\n -122.947998046875,\n 38.12591462924157\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 38.048091067457236\n ],\n [\n -122.82714843749999,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 37.84015683604136\n ],\n [\n -122.431640625,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -122.4755859375,\n 38.06539235133249\n ],\n [\n -122.40966796874999,\n 38.1777509666256\n ],\n [\n -122.14599609375001,\n 38.1777509666256\n ],\n [\n -122.15698242187499,\n 38.298559092254344\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 38.315801006824984\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 38.436379603\n ],\n [\n -122.06909179687501,\n 38.591113776147445\n ],\n [\n -122.288818359375,\n 38.84826438869913\n ],\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 38.93377552819722\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 39.00211029922515\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 39.18969082109678\n ],\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 39.317300373271024\n ],\n [\n -121.62963867187499,\n 39.308800296002914\n ],\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -121.57470703125,\n 38.94232097947902\n ],\n [\n -121.212158203125,\n 39.036252959636606\n ],\n [\n -121.212158203125,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -121.13525390625,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -121.08032226562499,\n 39.37677199661635\n ],\n [\n -121.00341796874999,\n 39.410733055084954\n ],\n [\n -121.00341796874999,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n -120.91552734375,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -120.860595703125,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -120.684814453125,\n 39.68182601089365\n ],\n [\n -120.55297851562499,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 39.715638134796336\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a51e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":332820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunaway, David J.","contributorId":56746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunaway","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6719,"text":"U. S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mallette, Robert D.","contributorId":160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mallette","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12939,"text":"California Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koplin, James R.","contributorId":51863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koplin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221666,"text":"5221666 - 1978 - Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America: II. The Oregon population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T16:45:40.780207","indexId":"5221666","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2793,"text":"Murrelet","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osprey distribution, abundance, and status in western North America: II. The Oregon population","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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40-45.","productDescription":"40-45","startPage":"40","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a23b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geis, A. D.","contributorId":72885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5220986,"text":"5220986 - 1978 - Bald eagles nesting in Baja California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:02:19","indexId":"5220986","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bald eagles nesting in Baja California","docAbstract":"Published records of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nesting in Baja California during the last 50 years are nonexistent to our knowledge, and few records exist prior to that time. Friedmann et al. (1950:61, Pac. Coast Avifauna 29) describe the distribution of Bald Eagles in Baja California as \"a scattering of pairs on both the Pacific and Gulf Sides.\" Nesting Bald Eagles were first reported by Bryant (1889, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 237-320), who found a pair on Isla Santa Margarita (24°25'N, 111°50'W; hereafter abbreviated as 2425-11150) and saw an adult on the \"estero\" north from Magdalena Bay (the region where one pair was seen in 1977). Other records were reviewed by Grinnell (1928, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 32).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Anderson, D.W., and Knoder, C., 1978, Bald eagles nesting in Baja California: The Auk, v. 95, no. 2, p. 424-424.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"424","endPage":"424","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18503,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085471 "}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":332817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Daniel W.","contributorId":74345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knoder, C.E.","contributorId":106056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knoder","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221435,"text":"5221435 - 1978 - Survival and reproductive success of black ducks fed methyl mercury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:50","indexId":"5221435","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and reproductive success of black ducks fed methyl mercury","docAbstract":"A diet containing 3 ppm mercury was fed to black ducks (Anas rubripes) for periods of 28 weeks during two consecutive breeding seasons. Clutch size, egg production, number of eggs incubated, hatchability and survival of ducklings were lower during both years in hens fed mercury. Reduced hatchability and poor duckling survival were the most harmful effects. During 2 years, 13 pairs of breeders fed mercury produced only 16 ducklings that survived 1 week compared with 73 ducklings from 13 pairs of controls. Mercury residues in eggs, embryos and ducklings averaged about 30% lower during the second breeding season compared with first year results. Third eggs laid by treated hens contained a mean of 6?14 and 3?86 ppm mercury during the first and second years. Whole embryos that failed to hatch contained means of 9?62 and 6?08 ppm mercury during the first and second years. Brains of dead ducklings contained between 3?25 and 6?98 ppm mercury and exhibited lesions characteristic of mercury poisoning. Relative tissue mercury levels for treated adult breeders were: feathers > liver > kidney > breast muscle > brain. Mercury levels in males and females did not differ.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0013-9327(78)90137-4","usgsCitation":"Finley, M.T., and Stendell, R., 1978, Survival and reproductive success of black ducks fed methyl mercury: Environmental Pollution, v. 16, no. 1, p. 51-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(78)90137-4.","productDescription":"51-64","startPage":"51","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18498,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-9327(78)90137-4","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6887f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stendell, Rey C.","contributorId":82263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stendell","given":"Rey C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221156,"text":"5221156 - 1978 - Howling at two Minnesota wolf pack summer homesites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T00:39:30.734114","indexId":"5221156","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Howling at two Minnesota wolf pack summer homesites","docAbstract":"Howling sessions were monitored at two Minnesota wolf pack homesites for 2255 h between 29 April and 3 August 1973. All sessions recorded occurred from dusk through early morning, with an evening peak for one pack. Within a night, multiple sessions were grouped temporally, most occurring within an hour of one another. Howling rates for both packs increased throughout the homesite season, with the larger pack howling twice as frequently. The role of howling in both intrapack and interpack contexts was considered. Much of the howling seemed to be involved in the coordination of pack activities. Further, the low frequency and clumped temporal distribution of sessions suggest that howling plays a secondary role in interpack contexts to other modes such as scent marking during the homesite season, but may increase in relative importance once homesites are abandoned and pack travel becomes nomadic.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z78-272","usgsCitation":"Harrington, F., and Mech, L., 1978, Howling at two Minnesota wolf pack summer homesites: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 56, no. 9, p. 2024-2028, https://doi.org/10.1139/z78-272.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2024","endPage":"2028","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193983,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8865","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrington, F.H.","contributorId":14524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221763,"text":"5221763 - 1978 - A white-tailed kite breeding record for Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T12:43:25","indexId":"5221763","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A white-tailed kite breeding record for Oregon","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
Brains of juvenile gray bats, Myotis grisescens, found dead beneath maternity roosts in two Missouri caves contained lethal concentrations of dieldrin. One colony appeared to be abnormally small, and more dead bats were found a year after the juvenile bats had been collected. This is the first report to link the field mortality of bats directly to insecticide residues acquired through the food chain.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.564550","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., LaVal, R.K., and Swineford, D.M., 1978, Dieldrin-induced mortality in an endangered species, the gray bat (Myotis grisescens): Science, v. 199, no. 4335, p. 1357-1359, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.564550.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1357","endPage":"1359","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196536,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.67201888795358,\n 40.70844832434466\n ],\n [\n -95.04608257022326,\n 39.63461078304137\n ],\n [\n -94.4903375292354,\n 36.41048992180703\n ],\n [\n -90.11182736649627,\n 36.47482361340832\n ],\n [\n -90.55157170153734,\n 35.88741386269655\n ],\n [\n -89.54512884073053,\n 36.03335922901991\n ],\n [\n -89.38242282746947,\n 37.641840782920724\n ],\n [\n -91.67591523640668,\n 40.68778198682614\n ],\n [\n -95.67201888795358,\n 40.70844832434466\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"199","issue":"4335","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d8ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaVal, R. K.","contributorId":8945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaVal","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swineford, D. M.","contributorId":106839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swineford","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221445,"text":"5221445 - 1978 - Avian cholera and organochlorine residues in an American oystercatcher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-16T17:08:30.969906","indexId":"5221445","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian cholera and organochlorine residues in an American oystercatcher","docAbstract":"Pasteurella multocida, the causative bacterium of avian cholera, was isolated from cultures of the liver and heart blood of a female, adult American oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) found dead on the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina, in May 1973. This is apparently the first record of avian cholera in the oystercatcher. Low levels of DDE were identified in tissues of the oystercatcher.
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J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, L. N.","contributorId":73539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cromartie, E.","contributorId":13926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromartie","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221443,"text":"5221443 - 1978 - Organochlorine residues and reproduction in the little brown bat, Laurel, Maryland - June 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T13:18:31","indexId":"5221443","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues and reproduction in the little brown bat, Laurel, Maryland - June 1976","docAbstract":"Twelve of 43 pregnant little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected at Montpelier Barn, Laurel, Maryland, gave birth to dead young. Eleven of these 12 dead neonates were abnormally small. Most of the stillbirths were attributable to unknown reproductive difficulties associated with first pregnancies, but four may have been due to high concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in the newborn. Residues of the PCB, DDE, and oxychlordane crossed the placenta at similar rates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., and Krynitsky, A.J., 1978, Organochlorine residues and reproduction in the little brown bat, Laurel, Maryland - June 1976: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 12, no. 3, p. 113-116.","productDescription":"113-116","startPage":"113","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269765,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096667"},{"id":198119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635374","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krynitsky, A. J.","contributorId":73954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krynitsky","given":"A.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221446,"text":"5221446 - 1978 - Variation in reproductivity with age in the brown pelican","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T09:38:02","indexId":"5221446","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in reproductivity with age in the brown pelican","docAbstract":"About 10% of the Brown Pelicans breeding in South Carolina are in immature plumage. In comparison to adult breeders, immatures nested later, laid a smaller clutch, nested more frequently in low ground that was flooded, lost a larger proportion of nestlings, and produced fewer downy young per nest. Factors such as experience in breeding and fishing success probably influence reproductive success of pelicans of various ages.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4085503","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., and Keahey, J.A., 1978, Variation in reproductivity with age in the brown pelican: The Auk, v. 95, no. 1, p. 128-134, https://doi.org/10.2307/4085503.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"134","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, Lawrence J.","contributorId":35199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keahey, Julie A.","contributorId":47049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keahey","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221438,"text":"5221438 - 1978 - Six different plasma enzymes in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and their usefulness in pathological diagnosis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:45:27","indexId":"5221438","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1294,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Six different plasma enzymes in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and their usefulness in pathological diagnosis","docAbstract":"1. Activities of creatine phosphokinase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, fructose diphosphate aldolase and cholinesterase were measured in plasma of bald eagles.
2. There were no sex differences in the plasma enzyme activities.
3. An acute dieldrin dosage (10 mg/kg) of a female bald eagle resulted in 400% increases in activities of plasma creatine phosphokinase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and 250% increases in activities of lactate dehydrogenase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
4. At 11 days post-dosage all but one of the plasma enzyme activities had returned to normal; glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity remained 100% above pre-dosage values.
5. Plasma enzyme assays constitute a non-destrcutive procedure that can be used in valuable wildlife species to screen for the presence and prevalence of environmental contaminants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0306-4492(78)90125-9","usgsCitation":"Dieter, M.P., and Wiemeyer, S.N., 1978, Six different plasma enzymes in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and their usefulness in pathological diagnosis: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, v. 61, no. 1, p. 153-155, https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(78)90125-9.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"155","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f1355","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieter, M. P.","contributorId":89626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223487,"text":"5223487 - 1978 - A new hybrid warbler combination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5223487","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new hybrid warbler combination","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., and Baird, J., 1978, A new hybrid warbler combination: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 90, no. 1, p. 143-144.","productDescription":"143-144","startPage":"143","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18439,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v090n01/p0143-p0144.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":201765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ac153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baird, J.","contributorId":86069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baird","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223486,"text":"5223486 - 1978 - Prealternate molt in nuthatches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:00:52","indexId":"5223486","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prealternate molt in nuthatches","docAbstract":"Nuthatches of the genus Sitta constitute one of the passerine groups in which prealternate (prenuptial) molt is generally believed not to occur. Dwight (1900: 298) discussed this genus with the family Paridae and stated: \"All the members of this family have only the annual moult. They are peculiar in assuming a juvenal plumage closely resembling the pale nuptial plumage which results from extreme fading of the winter dress.\" Witherby (in Witherby et al. 1938: 244) remarked that in S. europaea the summer plumage is attained by abrasion rather than by molt. Following Dwight's analysis, Bent (1948) recorded that the prenuptial molt did not occur in S. carolinensis or S. canadensis. Although Norris (1958: 246) found several females of S. pygmaea that were replacing feathers in the nuchal region in March and April, he regarded this as a regrowth of feathers lost in social interactions rather than as prealternate molt; the replacement of contour feathers \"over nearly every part of the body\" in early April by one female of that species was considered to be \"an aberrant instance of prenuptial molt.\" Norris (op. cit.) stated categorically that \"There is no prenuptial molt in Sitta pusilla.\" For most species in the genus, however, I have been unable to find any statement, even a negative one, concerning the occurrence of this molt. On the other hand, there is a partial prealternate molt in the seasonally dimorphic Tichodroma muraria, usually considered a member of the family Sittidae but in a different subfamily.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4085510","usgsCitation":"Banks, R.C., 1978, Prealternate molt in nuthatches: The Auk, v. 95, no. 1, p. 179-181, https://doi.org/10.2307/4085510.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"181","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480609,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4085510","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db681161","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":102933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223484,"text":"5223484 - 1978 - Nomenclature of the black-bellied whistling-duck","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T09:37:34","indexId":"5223484","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nomenclature of the black-bellied whistling-duck","docAbstract":"There are two distinguishable subspecies of the Black-bellied Whistling-Duck, one in South America to eastern Panama and one from western Panama through Central America to the southernmost United States. The type locality of the species is the West Indies, but there is little evidence that birds from that area are anything but vagrants or birds imported from South America. All records of this species in the West Indies are attributable to the subspecies that occurs naturally in South America. The plate and description on which the name of the species is based seem to be of the South American form. It thus becomes clear that the South American and West Indian populations of Black-bellied Whistling-Duck must bear the name Dendrocygna autumnalis autumnalis (Linnaeus) 1758 and that Dendrocygna discolor Sclater and Salvin 1873 is a junior synonym. The earliest available name for the birds north of Panama is D. a. fulgens Friedmann 1947, of which D. a. lucida Friedmann 1947 is a synonym.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Banks, R.C., 1978, Nomenclature of the black-bellied whistling-duck: The Auk, v. 95, no. 2, p. 348-352.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"348","endPage":"352","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085452"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db6970ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":102933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5220981,"text":"5220981 - 1978 - Characteristics of woodcock hunters and woodcock harvest in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:46","indexId":"5220981","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3126,"text":"Proceedings Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics of woodcock hunters and woodcock harvest in Pennsylvania","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Coon, R., Lindzey, J., and George, J., 1978, Characteristics of woodcock hunters and woodcock harvest in Pennsylvania: Proceedings Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference, v. 35, p. 185-194.","productDescription":"185-194","startPage":"185","endPage":"194","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindzey, J.S.","contributorId":31074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"George, J.L.","contributorId":64749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221439,"text":"5221439 - 1978 - Studies on combined effects of organophosphates or carbamates and morsodren in birds. II. Plasma and cholinesterase in quail fed morsodren and orally dosed with parathion or carbofuran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T15:41:50.162744","indexId":"5221439","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies on combined effects of organophosphates or carbamates and morsodren in birds. II. Plasma and cholinesterase in quail fed morsodren and orally dosed with parathion or carbofuran","docAbstract":"The degree of interaction between mercury and cholinesterase inhibiting pesticides was determined by comparing enzyme responses to sublethal dosages of parathion or carbofuran in quail fed 0.05, 0.5, or 5.0 ppm morsodren for 18 weeks. A statistically significant interaction was defined as greater brain cholinesterase inhibition in morsodren-fed than in clean-fed birds following pesticide dosage. The tissue residues of mercury that accumulated before significant mercury-parathion interactions occurred were higher than levels that might be expected in natural populations, but significant mercury-carbofuran interactions occurred in birds that had only accumulated 1.0 ppm liver mercury. The results indicate that indiscriminate usage of cholinesterase inhibiting pesticides are dangerous, since natural populations of fish-eating birds oftentimes contain this magnitude of mercury.","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01685815","usgsCitation":"Dieter, M.P., and Ludke, J., 1978, Studies on combined effects of organophosphates or carbamates and morsodren in birds. II. Plasma and cholinesterase in quail fed morsodren and orally dosed with parathion or carbofuran: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 389-395, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01685815.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"395","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699da1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dieter, M. P.","contributorId":89626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludke, J. Larry","contributorId":29033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludke","given":"J. Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221002,"text":"5221002 - 1978 - Biological perspectives for the mourning dove call-count survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221002","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3638,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological perspectives for the mourning dove call-count survey","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Baskett, T., Armbruster, M., and Sayre, M.W., 1978, Biological perspectives for the mourning dove call-count survey: Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, v. 43, p. 163-180.","productDescription":"163-180","startPage":"163","endPage":"180","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db623322","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baskett, T.S.","contributorId":83081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskett","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armbruster, M.J.","contributorId":21127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sayre, M. 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