The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), is participating in the Eastern Gas Shales Project. The purpose of the DOE project is to increase the production of natural gas from eastern United States shales in petroliferous basins through improved exploration and extraction techniques. The USGS participation includes stratigraphic studies which will contribute to the characterization and appraisal of the natural gas resources of Devonian shale in the Appalachian basin.
This cross section differs from others in this series partly because many of the shales in the eastern part of the basin are less radioactive than those farther west and because in this area shales that may be gas-productive are not necessarily highly radioactive and black.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/oc86","isbn":"0607823887","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Energy Interagency Agreement # EX-76-C-01-2287","usgsCitation":"West, M.N., 1978, Preliminary stratigraphic cross section showing radioactive zones in the Devonian dark shales in the eastern part of the Appalachian Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigation Chart 86, 2 Sheets: 45.22 x 40.89 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/oc86.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 45.22 x 40.89 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":104868,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5238.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5238"}],"scale":"2534400","country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aace4b07f02db66a733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Mareta N.","contributorId":12097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Mareta","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53476,"text":"fwsobs78_41 - 1978 - Instream flow strategies for New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"fwsobs78_41","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"78/41","title":"Instream flow strategies for New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Nelson, R.W., Horak, G.C., and Solomon, J., 1978, Instream flow strategies for New Mexico: FWS/OBS 78/41, vii, 85 p.; 27 cm.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p.; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5ede23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, R. Wayne","contributorId":107337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horak, Gerald C.","contributorId":96322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horak","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solomon, Joe","contributorId":63448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":20986,"text":"ofr79215 - 1978 - Flood-plain delineation for Occoquan River, Wolf Run, Sandy Run, Elk Horn Run, Giles Run, Kanes Creek, Racoon Creek, and Thompson Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-08T19:16:47.89453","indexId":"ofr79215","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-215","title":"Flood-plain delineation for Occoquan River, Wolf Run, Sandy Run, Elk Horn Run, Giles Run, Kanes Creek, Racoon Creek, and Thompson Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","docAbstract":"Water-surface profiles of the 25-year and 100-year floods and maps on which the 25-, 50-, and 100-year flood boundaries are delineated for streams in southwestern Fairfax County tributary to the Occoquan River, that part of the Occoquan River within Fairfax County and those streams on Mason Neck tributary to the Potomac River are presented in this report.
The techniques used in the computation of the flood profiles and delineation of flood boundaries are presented, and specific hydraulic problems encountered within the study area are also included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79215","usgsCitation":"Soule, P.L., 1978, Flood-plain delineation for Occoquan River, Wolf Run, Sandy Run, Elk Horn Run, Giles Run, Kanes Creek, Racoon Creek, and Thompson Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-215, v, 118 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79215.","productDescription":"v, 118 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154372,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0215/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":498432,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0215/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fairfax 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E.","contributorId":83939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":46532,"text":"ofr7873F - 1978 - Map showing spectrographically determined molybdenum in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:39","indexId":"ofr7873F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-73","chapter":"F","title":"Map showing spectrographically determined molybdenum in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr7873F","usgsCitation":"Koch, R.D., Elliott, R.L., and Diggles, M.J., 1978, Map showing spectrographically determined molybdenum in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-73, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7873F.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83476,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0073f/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2a4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Richard D. rkoch@usgs.gov","contributorId":4413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Richard","email":"rkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":233509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Raymond L.","contributorId":82667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diggles, M. J.","contributorId":102853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diggles","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23136,"text":"ofr78740 - 1978 - Land use and land cover maps for Half Moon Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr78740","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-740","title":"Land use and land cover maps for Half Moon Bay, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78740","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover maps for Half Moon Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-740, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78740.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23137,"text":"ofr78743 - 1978 - Land use and land cover maps for Hunter's Point, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr78743","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-743","title":"Land use and land cover maps for Hunter's Point, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78743","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover maps for Hunter's Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-743, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78743.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23138,"text":"ofr78746 - 1978 - Land use and land cover maps for La Honda, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr78746","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-746","title":"Land use and land cover maps for La Honda, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78746","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover maps for La Honda, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-746, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78746.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53475,"text":"fwsobs77_13 - 1978 - Environmental planning for offshore oil and gas: Volume II, effects on coastal communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"fwsobs77_13","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"77/13","title":"Environmental planning for offshore oil and gas: Volume II, effects on coastal communities","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Zinn, J., 1978, Environmental planning for offshore oil and gas: Volume II, effects on coastal communities: FWS/OBS 77/13, 5 v. in 2 : ill., maps; 28 cm.","productDescription":"5 v. in 2 : ill., maps; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":92231,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015000763220?urlappend=%3Bseq=261"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6022a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zinn, J.","contributorId":79953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zinn","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23139,"text":"ofr78752 - 1978 - Land use and land cover maps for Mindego Hill, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr78752","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-752","title":"Land use and land cover maps for Mindego Hill, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78752","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover maps for Mindego Hill, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-752, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78752.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae465","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46533,"text":"ofr7873J - 1978 - Map showing spectrographically determined nickel in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:39","indexId":"ofr7873J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-73","chapter":"J","title":"Map showing spectrographically determined nickel in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr7873J","usgsCitation":"Koch, R.D., Elliott, R.L., and Diggles, M.J., 1978, Map showing spectrographically determined nickel in stream sediments, Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-73, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7873J.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83477,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0073j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2a54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Richard D. rkoch@usgs.gov","contributorId":4413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Richard","email":"rkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":233512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Raymond L.","contributorId":82667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diggles, M. J.","contributorId":102853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diggles","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23146,"text":"ofr78738 - 1978 - Land use and land cover maps for San Francisco South, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"ofr78738","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-738","title":"Land use and land cover maps for San Francisco South, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78738","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover maps for San Francisco South, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-738, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78738.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae1e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46770,"text":"ofr78529J - 1978 - Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of cobalt, chromium, and nickel in minus 80 mesh stream-sediment in the Big Delta quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-23T20:17:17.496536","indexId":"ofr78529J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-529","chapter":"J","title":"Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of cobalt, chromium, and nickel in minus 80 mesh stream-sediment in the Big Delta quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ofr78529J","usgsCitation":"Hessin, T.D., Siems, D.F., and Day, G.W., 1978, Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of cobalt, chromium, and nickel in minus 80 mesh stream-sediment in the Big Delta quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-529, 1 Plate: 44.83 × 22.86 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78529J.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.83 × 22.86 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":396386,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14769.htm"},{"id":83656,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0529j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Big Delta quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 64\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae110","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hessin, Thomas D.","contributorId":63355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hessin","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, Gordon W.","contributorId":21520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":68517,"text":"ha590 - 1978 - Backwater at bridges and densely wooded flood plains, Tallahala Creek at Waldrup, Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-10T14:27:33","indexId":"ha590","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"590","title":"Backwater at bridges and densely wooded flood plains, Tallahala Creek at Waldrup, Mississippi","docAbstract":"New techniques for predicting water-surface profiles, needed in the design of economical, structurally sound, and environmentally compatible stream crossings, are under investigation. The investigation has accelerated with the advent of digital computers capable of analyzing large quantities of data. Among the techniques is the development of two-dimensional (2-D) digital models. Field data are essential for development and evaluation of these techniques for predicting water-surface profiles. This atlas is the first of a series that will provide a wide range of field data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha590","usgsCitation":"Colson, B., Ming, C.O., and Arcement, G.J., 1978, Backwater at bridges and densely wooded flood plains, Tallahala Creek at Waldrup, Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 590, 9 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha590.","productDescription":"9 Plates","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":278749,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-5a.pdf"},{"id":185532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":278742,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":278745,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-3b.pdf"},{"id":278746,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-3a.pdf"},{"id":278743,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-2a.pdf"},{"id":278748,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-4b.pdf"},{"id":278744,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-2b.pdf"},{"id":278747,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-4a.pdf"},{"id":360120,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/590/plate-5b.pdf"}],"scale":"4000","country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","city":"Waldrup","otherGeospatial":"Tallahala Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.11805555555554,31.91722222222222 ], [ -89.11805555555554,32 ], [ -89.08444444444444,32 ], [ -89.08444444444444,31.91722222222222 ], [ -89.11805555555554,31.91722222222222 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ad47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colson, B.E.","contributorId":71546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colson","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ming, C. O.","contributorId":9266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arcement, George J. garcemen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arcement","given":"George","email":"garcemen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":278380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38702,"text":"pp813Q - 1978 - Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T21:56:38.395429","indexId":"pp813Q","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"813","chapter":"Q","title":"Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region","docAbstract":"The Missouri Basin Region lies in the north-central part of the United States and southern Canada. It includes parts of Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada; parts of Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Colorado, Kansas, and Missouri, and all of Nebraska in the United States. The region includes about one-sixth of the contiguous United States and requires large water supplies for irrigation, industrial, public, and rural uses. Climate ranges from semiarid to subhumid. Normal annual precipitation increases generally eastward in the downstream direction, but precipitation is not a dependable source of supply. The Missouri River and its tributaries furnish water to many users, but surface water is often inadequate to meet large demands. Numerous surface reservoirs help to regulate streamflow and provide storage, but they also allow an increase in evapotranspiration, which in some areas exceeds normal precipitation. Ground water occurs in aquifers classified as alluvial deposits of sand and gravel, glacial deposits, dune-sand deposits, basin-fill deposits of sand and gravel, sandstone, siltstone, fractured sandy clay, limestone, and dolomite. Ground water can be developed and managed in an orderly manner provided adequate geologic and hydrologic data are available to determine aquifer characteristics and response to pumping and other hydraulic stresses. These data and determinations are essential to design, testing, and implementation of water management plans.
\nUnconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers include valley-fill alluvium, areally extensive alluvium, glacial deposits, and basin-fill deposits. The aquifers normally consist of alluvial sand and gravel that contain unconfined ground water that lies near the land surface. Many wells completed in the alluvial aquifers have high yields of good-quality water because most alluvial aquifers are highly transmissive and hydraulically connected to streams. Aquifers in glacial deposits may be difficult to locate and in some areas contain saline water; nevertheless, these aquifers are sources of water supply for many users. Basin-fill aquifers are as much as several thousand feet thick, and many contain large ground-water supplies. Ground-water mining has occurred in semiconsolidated aquifers because of withdrawals from wells. Unconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers have potential for conjunctive use with surface water, recycling to reuse available supplies, artificial recharge, and salvage of evapotranspired water.
\nSandstone aquifers lie near the land surface and in structural basins. Interbasin movement of ground water occurs in the Virgelle (Milk River aquifer), Fox Hills-basal Hell Creek, and Dakota aquifers. Sandstone aquifers are less transmissive than unconsolidated and semiconsolidated aquifers in general. Confined sandstone aquifers are common, and flowing wells are obtained in many areas. However, flowing wells may cause large declines in water levels if uncontrolled. Water quality is variable in sandstone aquifers but is adequate for most needs. Sandstone aquifers have potential for artificial recharge, induced interaquifer leakage, conjunctive use with surface water, and mining of ground water.
\nLimestone and dolomite aquifers are extensive in the region, but in some areas they lie deep below the land surface. The occurrence of ground water in small pores, fractures, or large caverns causes yields from wells to range widely. Large flows through cavern systems in the aquifers are indicated by large springs in some areas. Water quality is extremely variable and must be considered in any water-development plan. Limestone and dolomite aquifers have potential for development of large water supplies in some areas. The development may be aided by induced recharge and interaquifer leakage.
\nSaline ground water occurs throughout the Missouri Basin Region. Dissolved-solids concentration as much as 30,000 milligrams per liter has been measured in aquifers in glacial deposits in Montana. Saline water is common in sandstone aquifers in Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota; maximum reported concentration is 280,000 milligrams per liter in water from the Tensleep Sandstone in Wyoming. Limestone contains saline water in many areas; maximum dissolved-solids concentration is about 350,000 milligrams per liter for the Madison Group in the Williston Basin in North Dakota.
\nComprehensive water-management planning in the Missouri Basin Region will require periodic or continuing inventory of precipitation, streamflow, surface-water storage, and ground water. Water demands for irrigation, industrial, public supply, and rural use are increasing rapidly. Reliance on ground-water supplies is increasing even though in many areas the ground water is still mostly undeveloped. Optimal use of water supplies will require the establishment of realistic goals and carefully conceived water-management plans, each of which will necessarily be based on an adequate baseline of hydrologic data and knowledge of the highly variable hydrologic systems in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp813Q","usgsCitation":"Taylor, O., 1978, Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Missouri basin region: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 813, Report: v., 41 p.; 3 Plates: 25.50 x 20.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp813Q.","productDescription":"Report: v., 41 p.; 3 Plates: 25.50 x 20.32 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392897,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5071.htm"},{"id":123063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813q/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65559,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813q/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":65558,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813q/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"7.46 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 3"},{"id":65557,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813q/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"7.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"},{"id":65556,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0813q/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"7.64 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 49.49667452747045\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 50.45750402042058\n ],\n [\n -108.896484375,\n 50.3454604086048\n ],\n [\n -104.853515625,\n 50.12057809796008\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -97.3828125,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 44.77793589631623\n ],\n [\n -95.537109375,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 42.42345651793833\n ],\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -91.49414062499999,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -91.40625,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -92.63671875,\n 36.87962060502676\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -96.85546875,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -98.7890625,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -103.88671875,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -105.46875,\n 38.134556577054134\n ],\n [\n -107.05078125,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -108.45703125,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -110.21484375,\n 42.87596410238254\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 44.653024159812\n ],\n [\n -112.939453125,\n 44.96479793033104\n ],\n [\n -112.939453125,\n 45.460130637921004\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 47.69497434186282\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 49.49667452747045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69969c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, O. 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Potential annual-runoff loads on the bridge surface for virtually all constituents studied were less than one percent of those transported by the river at the study site. The loading rates for some parameters were significantly related to traffic counts, but the regression equations were limited to traffic ranges between 3,800 to 4,200 vehicles per day in 1977-78. Precipitation samples indicated that a significant percentage of the constituent loading to the bridge surface is from atmospheric deposition. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri791","usgsCitation":"Irwin, G.A., and Losey, G.T., 1978, Water-quality assessment of runoff from a rural highway bridge near Tallahassee, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-1, v, 27 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri791.","productDescription":"v, 27 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0001/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365505,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1979/0001/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Tallahassee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.4134521484375,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -84.144287109375,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -84.144287109375,\n 30.526779182105784\n ],\n [\n -84.4134521484375,\n 30.526779182105784\n ],\n [\n -84.4134521484375,\n 30.344435586368462\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e715e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, G. A.","contributorId":35733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Losey, Gerald T.","contributorId":97150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Losey","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38697,"text":"pp813I - 1978 - Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Mid-Atlantic region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T21:53:16.272671","indexId":"pp813I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"813","chapter":"I","title":"Summary appraisals of the nation's ground-water resources – Mid-Atlantic region","docAbstract":"The Mid-Atlantic Region covers a total area of about 108,000 square miles. It includes parts of Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia, the entire States of New Jersey and Delaware, and the District of Columbia. It encompasses the entire drainage basins (within the United States) of the Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Potomac, and the James River and includes Long Island and the coastal drainage of New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia.
\nGround water in the region occurs in three broad types of geologic terrane: (1) unconsolidated deposits in the Coastal Plain seaward of the Fall Line; (2) hard, consolidated sedimentary rocks and crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks in the remainder of the region; and (3) unconsolidated sand, gravel, and other deposits of glacial origin that overlie the older rocks extensively in the glaciated northern part of the region.
\nGround water is derived primarily from precipitation; it can be intercepted for use by pumping from wells before it reaches the streams or before it drains into coastal wetlands or the ocean.
\nThe natural discharge from the aquifers in the region is estimated to be at about 38.6 billion gallons per day; in addition, at least 140-350 trillion gallons is stored in the rocks.
\nAbout 949 billion gallons of fresh ground water was withdrawn in 1970. This quantity represents about 9 percent of the total freshwater use of 10,220 billion gallons. Available ground-water reserves indicate that a considerable part of the additional supplies needed for the anticipated increase in economic activity in the region could be developed from ground water.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78529G","usgsCitation":"Hessin, T.D., Cooley, E., Siems, D.F., and McDanal, S., 1978, Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of tin, tungsten, and molybdenum in the nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate samples in the Big Delta quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-529, 1 Plate: 45.36 × 22.88 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78529G.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 45.36 × 22.88 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":396388,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14766.htm"},{"id":83722,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0529g/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Big Delta quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 64\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae0a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hessin, Thomas D.","contributorId":63355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hessin","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, E.F.","contributorId":83072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siems, D. 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