Prassack et al. (2020) analyzed dental microwear in a sample of canids from the Gravettian site of Předmostí that had been identified as either Paleolithic dogs or Pleistocene wolves (n = 10 in each group), accepting that the morphological differences between the groups validly distinguished the (self-domesticating) protodogs from wolves. The authors then concluded that differences in one m2 microwear pattern separated those groups and indicated enhanced anthropogenic based durophagy in the putative protodogs. The study also inferred protodog diets from another isotope study.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2020.105160","usgsCitation":"Janssens, L.A., Boudadi-Maligne, M., Mech, L.D., and Lawler, D., 2021, The enigma of the Předmostí protodogs. A comment on Prassack et al. 2020: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 126, 105160, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105160.","productDescription":"105160, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117731","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105160","text":"External Repository"},{"id":422137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janssens, Luc A. A.","contributorId":331208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janssens","given":"Luc","email":"","middleInitial":"A. A.","affiliations":[{"id":79148,"text":"Ghent University, Department of Archaeology, UFO, Sint Pietersniewstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boudadi-Maligne, Myriam","contributorId":331209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boudadi-Maligne","given":"Myriam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79149,"text":"2 Department of Archaeology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawler, Dennis","contributorId":331210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79151,"text":"Center for American Archaeology, Kampsville IL 62053 USA Illinois State Museum, Springfield IL 62703 USA. Pacific Marine Mammal Center, Laguna Beach CA 92651","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70218747,"text":"70218747 - 2021 - Greenhouse gas emissions from an arid-zone reservoir and their environmental policy significance: Results from existing global models and an exploratory dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-10T13:48:59.529423","indexId":"70218747","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-04T07:22:33","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1563,"text":"Environmental Science and Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greenhouse gas emissions from an arid-zone reservoir and their environmental policy significance: Results from existing global models and an exploratory dataset","docAbstract":"Reservoirs in arid regions often provide critical water storage but little is known about their greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint. While there is growing appreciation of the role reservoirs play as GHG sources, there is a lack of understanding of GHG emission dynamics from reservoirs in arid regions and implications for environmental policy. Here we present initial GHG emission measurements from Lake Powell, a large water storage reservoir in the desert southwest United States. We report CO2-eq emissions from the shallow (< 15 m) littoral regions of the reservoir that are higher than the global average areal emissions from reservoirs (9.4 vs. 5.8 g CO2-eq m−2 d−1) whereas fluxes from the main reservoir were two orders of magnitude lower (0.09 g CO2-eq m−2 d−1). We then compared our measurements to modeled CO2 + CH4 emissions from the reservoir using four global scale models. Factoring these emissions into hydropower production at Lake Powell yielded low GHG emissions per MWh−1 as compared to fossil-fuel based energy sources. With the exception of one model, the estimated hydropower emissions for Lake Powell ranged from 10−32 kg CO2-eq MWh−1, compared to ∼400−1000 kg CO2-eq MWh−1 for natural gas, oil, and coal. We also estimate that reduced littoral habitat under low water levels leads to ∼50% reduction in the CO2 equivalent emissions per MWh. The sensitivity of GHG emissions to reservoir water levels suggests that the interaction will be an important policy consideration in the design and operation of arid region systems.
This study examines the use of organic petrology techniques to quantify the amount of coal and carbonaceous combustion by-products (i.e., coke, coal tar/pitch, cenospheres) in sediments taken from the Kinnickinnic River adjacent to the former site of the Milwaukee Solvay Coke and Gas Company. These materials are of concern as contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to readily adsorb to coal and combustion byproducts. Kinnickinnic River sediment samples (n = 36) ranging in depth (1–11 ft.) were collected from eight core locations to quantify and characterize carbonaceous material in the sediments. To determine the amount (vol%) of organic particulates, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) modified the existing ASTM D2799 using the following categories: coal, coke, coal tar/pitch, inertinite organics, plant material, cenospheres, and mineral matter. Coal fragments were subdivided by rank using vitrinite reflectance (Ro, %) and organic components were further subdivided into the size fractions of coarse (250–1000 μm), fine (63–250 μm), and very fine (<63 μm). Of the 36 samples analyzed, concentrations of coal, coke, and coal tar/pitch ranged from 0 to 18.2 vol%, 0 to 32.0 vol%, and 0 to 2.6 vol%, respectively, with the highest concentrations occurring near point sources (e.g. discharge pipe and coal unloading operations). Samples that were furthest upstream and downstream from the Solvay site exhibited a marked decrease in particulate organics, with exception of one upstream location which had 19.8 vol% coke. Overall, the modified ASTM method provided a means to quantify the abundance of carbonaceous material present in the sediments. Petrography and total PAH concentrations did not provide a clear correlation to organic matter type or size fraction but the samples with the highest vol% organic matter in each core generally corresponded to the sample with the highest bulk PAH content.
Population viability analyses are useful tools to predict abundance and extinction risk for imperiled species. In southeastern North America, the federally threatened gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) is a keystone species in the diverse and imperiled longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystem, and researchers have suggested that tortoise populations are declining and characterized by high extinction risk. We report results from a 30-year demographic study of gopher tortoises in southern Alabama (1991–2020), where 3 populations have been stable and 3 others have declined. To better understand the demographic vital rates associated with stable and declining tortoise populations, we used a multi-state hierarchical mark-recapture model to estimate sex- and stage-specific patterns of demographic vital rates at each population. We then built a predictive population model to project population dynamics and evaluate extinction risk in a population viability context. Population structure did not change significantly in stable populations, but juveniles became less abundant in declining populations over 30 years. Apparent survival varied by age, sex, and site; adults had higher survival than juveniles, but female survival was substantially lower in declining populations than in stable ones. Using simulations, we predicted that stable populations with high female survival would persist over the next 100 years but sites with lower female survival would decline, become male-biased, and be at high risk of extirpation. Stable populations were most sensitive to changes in apparent survival of adult females. Because local populations varied greatly in vital rates, our analysis improves upon previous demographic models for northern populations of gopher tortoises by accounting for population-level variation in demographic patterns and, counter to previous model predictions, suggests that small tortoise populations can persist when habitat is managed effectively. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21996","usgsCitation":"Folt, B., Goessling, J., Tucker, A., Guyer, C., Herman, S., Shelton-Nix, E., and McGowan, C.P., 2021, Contrasting patterns of demography and population viability among gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) populations at the species’ northern range edge: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 85, no. 4, p. 617-630, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21996.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"617","endPage":"630","ipdsId":"IP-118037","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Conecuh National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.73568725585938,\n 31.00115451727899\n ],\n [\n -86.53656005859375,\n 31.00115451727899\n ],\n [\n -86.53656005859375,\n 31.129374846459353\n ],\n [\n -86.73568725585938,\n 31.129374846459353\n ],\n [\n -86.73568725585938,\n 31.00115451727899\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Folt, Brian","contributorId":267702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Folt","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goessling, J.M.","contributorId":276114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goessling","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56925,"text":"Eckerd College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, A. M.","contributorId":243202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"A. M.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guyer, C.","contributorId":267706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyer","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herman, S.","contributorId":276115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herman","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shelton-Nix, E.","contributorId":276116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shelton-Nix","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56927,"text":"Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":834568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70218465,"text":"70218465 - 2021 - Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-08T14:59:51.806486","indexId":"70218465","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-24T11:00:12","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses","docAbstract":"The ongoing global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease has once again demonstrated the role of the family Coronaviridae in causing human disease outbreaks. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first detected in December 2019, information on its tropism, host range, and clinical manifestations in animals is limited. Given the limited information, data from other coronaviruses might be useful for informing scientific inquiry, risk assessment, and decision-making. We reviewed endemic and emerging infections of alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses in wildlife, livestock, and companion animals and provide information on the receptor use, known hosts, and clinical signs associated with each host for 15 coronaviruses detected in humans and animals. This information can be used to guide implementation of a One Health approach that involves human health, animal health, environmental, and other relevant partners in developing strategies for preparedness, response, and control to current and future coronavirus disease threats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi":"10.3201/eid2704.203945","usgsCitation":"Ghai, R.R., Carpenter, A., Liew, A.Y., Martin, K.B., Herring, M.K., Gerber, S.I., Hall, A.J., Sleeman, J.M., VonDobschuetz, S., and Barton Behravesh, C., 2021, Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1015-1022, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2704.203945.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1022","ipdsId":"IP-122283","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2704.203945","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ghai, Ria R.","contributorId":252886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghai","given":"Ria","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":50460,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States (","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, Ann","contributorId":252887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liew, Amanda Y.","contributorId":252889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liew","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Krystalyn B.","contributorId":252890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Krystalyn","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herring, Meghan K.","contributorId":252888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herring","given":"Meghan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gerber, Susan I.","contributorId":252891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerber","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hall, Aron J.","contributorId":252892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Aron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sleeman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-9910-6125 jsleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-6125","contributorId":128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jsleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":82110,"text":"Midcontinent Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"VonDobschuetz, Sophie","contributorId":252893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VonDobschuetz","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50462,"text":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Barton Behravesh, Casey","contributorId":252894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barton Behravesh","given":"Casey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50461,"text":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70218469,"text":"70218469 - 2021 - Geochemical advances in Arctic Alaska oil typing - North Slope oil correlation and charge history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T13:57:53.669361","indexId":"70218469","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-24T10:34:23","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical advances in Arctic Alaska oil typing - North Slope oil correlation and charge history","docAbstract":"The Arctic Alaska petroleum province is geologically and geochemically complex. Mixed hydrocarbon charge from multiple source rocks and/or levels of thermal maturity is common within an individual oil pool. Biomarker and chemometric statistical analyses were used to correlate twenty-nine oils to five oil families derived from: (1) Triassic Shublik Formation (calcareous organofacies), (2) Triassic Shublik Formation (shaly organofacies), (3) Jurassic Kingak Shale, (4) Cretaceous shale (pebble shale unit and Hue Shale), and (5) Paleogene shale (Canning Formation). Age-diagnostic and source-related oil biomarker parameters establish clear genetic relationships between the normal oil-window components and their putative source designations. However, application of diamondoid analyses reveals mixed-oil accumulations with postmature charge contributions (diamondoid-rich and biomarker-poor) in many oils.
Most sampled reservoirs contain a predominant charge derived from a single oil-window source plus a minor contribution from one or more higher maturity source(s). Variations in source organofacies also are recognized in the Shublik, Kingak, and Cretaceous oil families. In some cases, oils from multiple pools within a single field display relatively homogeneous geochemical profiles, suggesting a common source and migration pathway. For example, oil from the significant Pikka discovery is inferred to originate mainly from the calcareous Shublik Formation. In other cases, variability among oils from multiple pools within a single field (e.g., Milne Point, Colville River, and Northstar) likely indicates a more complex source, migration, and charge history. Results may be useful for anticipating the composition of oil charge in stratigraphic traps with low-permeability sandstone reservoirs, where oil gravity and other chemical parameters may influence economic viability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104878","usgsCitation":"Botterell, P.J., Houseknecht, D.W., Lillis, P.G., Barbanti, S.M., Dahl, J.E., and Moldowan, J.M., 2021, Geochemical advances in Arctic Alaska oil typing - North Slope oil correlation and charge history: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 127, 104878, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104878.","productDescription":"104878, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120847","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467255,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774068","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91VS1I8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geochemical Advances in Arctic Alaska Oil Typing - North Slope Oil Correlation and Charge History"},{"id":383692,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.1923828125,\n 68.12248241161676\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 68.12248241161676\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 71.96538769913127\n ],\n [\n -157.1923828125,\n 71.96538769913127\n ],\n [\n -157.1923828125,\n 68.12248241161676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Botterell, Palma J. 0000-0001-7140-0915 pjarboe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-0915","contributorId":5805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botterell","given":"Palma","email":"pjarboe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbanti, Silvana M. 0000-0001-5682-9764","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-9764","contributorId":252899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbanti","given":"Silvana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":50465,"text":"Biomarker Technologies, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dahl, Jeremy E.","contributorId":252900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahl","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":50466,"text":"Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moldowan, J. Michael","contributorId":252901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moldowan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":50465,"text":"Biomarker Technologies, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70219148,"text":"70219148 - 2021 - Forecasting induced earthquake hazard using a hydromechanical earthquake nucleation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T17:55:05.055074","indexId":"70219148","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-24T07:24:30","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting induced earthquake hazard using a hydromechanical earthquake nucleation model","docAbstract":"In response to the dramatic increase in earthquake rates in the central United States, the U.S Geological Survey began releasing 1 yr earthquake hazard models for induced earthquakes in 2016. Although these models have been shown to accurately forecast earthquake hazard, they rely purely on earthquake statistics because there was no precedent for forecasting induced earthquakes based upon wastewater injection data. Since the publication of these hazard models, multiple physics‐based methods have been proposed to forecast earthquake rates using injection data. Here, we use one of these methods to generate earthquake hazard forecasts. Our earthquake hazard forecasts are more accurate than statistics‐based hazard forecasts. These results imply that fluid injection data, where and when available, and the physical implications of fluid injection should be included in future induced earthquake hazard forecasts.
Ensemble-tree machine learning (ML) regression models can be prone to systematic bias: small values are overestimated and large values are underestimated. Additional bias can be introduced if the dependent variable is a transform of the original data. Six methods were evaluated for their ability to correct systematic and introduced bias. Method performance was evaluated using four case studies of groundwater quality: the units of the dependent variable were pH in two and log-concentration in the others. When performance metrics (bias and RMSE for both points and the CDF) were computed using the same units as those in the ML model, empirical distribution matching (EDM) provided the best results. When the metrics were computed using retransformed concentration, EDM and a method incorporating Duan's smearing estimate were both effective. A method based on the Z-score transform approximates EDM if the correlation coefficient between rank-ordered ML estimates and rank-ordered observations approaches one.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105006","usgsCitation":"Belitz, K., and Stackelberg, P.E., 2021, Evaluation of six methods for correcting bias in estimates from ensemble tree machine learning regression model: Environmental Modeling and Software, v. 139, 105006, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105006.","productDescription":"105006, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122742","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453331,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LCTYI2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release for Evaluation of Six Methods for Correcting Bias in Estimates from Ensemble Tree Machine Learning Regression Models"},{"id":384773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"139","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":213728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stackelberg, Paul E. 0000-0002-1818-355X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-355X","contributorId":204864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222588,"text":"70222588 - 2021 - No ring fracture in Mono Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T16:47:00.411507","indexId":"70222588","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-24T06:36:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No ring fracture in Mono Basin, California","docAbstract":"In Mono Basin, California, USA, a near-circular ring fracture 12 km in diameter was proposed by R.W. Kistler in 1966 to have originated as the protoclastic margin of the Cretaceous Aeolian Buttes pluton, to have been reactivated in the middle Pleistocene, and to have influenced the arcuate trend of the chain of 30 young (62−0.7 ka) rhyolite domes called the Mono Craters. In view of the frequency and recency of explosive eruptions along the Mono chain, and because many geophysicists accepted the ring fracture model, we assembled evidence to test its plausibility. The shear zone interpreted as the margin of the Aeolian Buttes pluton by Kistler is 50−400 m wide but is exposed only along a 7-km-long set of four southwesterly outcrops that subtend only a 70° sector of the proposed ring. The southeast end of the exposed shear zone is largely within the older June Lake pluton, and at its northwest end, the contact of the Aeolian Buttes pluton with a much older one crosses the shear zone obliquely. Conflicting attitudes of shear structures are hard to reconcile with intrusive protoclasis. Also inconsistent with the margin of the ovoid intrusion proposed by Kistler, unsheared salients of the pluton extend ∼1 km north of its postulated circular outline at Williams Butte, where there is no fault or other structure to define the northern half of the hypothetical ring. The shear zone may represent regional Cretaceous transpression rather than the margin of a single intrusion. There is no evidence for the Aeolian Buttes pluton along the aqueduct tunnel beneath the Mono chain, nor is there evidence for a fault that could have influenced its vent pattern. The apparently arcuate chain actually consists of three linear segments that reflect Quaternary tectonic influence and not Cretaceous inheritance. A rhyolitic magma reservoir under the central segment of the Mono chain has erupted many times in the late Holocene and as recently as 700 years ago. The ring fracture idea, however, prompted several geophysical investigations that sought a much broader magma body, but none identified a low-density or low-velocity anomaly beneath the purported 12-km-wide ring, which we conclude does not exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35747.1","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, E., Fierstein, J., and Ryan-Davis, J., 2021, No ring fracture in Mono Basin, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 133, no. 9-10, p. 2210-2225, https://doi.org/10.1130/B35747.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2210","endPage":"2225","ipdsId":"IP-118844","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/b35747.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mono Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.9215087890625,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -118.751220703125,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -118.751220703125,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -118.9215087890625,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -118.9215087890625,\n 37.86618078529668\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"133","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Edward 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":146999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Edward","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fierstein, Judith 0000-0001-8024-1426 jfierstn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-1426","contributorId":147000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judith","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan-Davis, Juliet","contributorId":261795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan-Davis","given":"Juliet","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70220204,"text":"70220204 - 2021 - A combined microbial and ecosystem metric of carbon retention efficiency explains land cover-dependent soil microbial biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T11:47:41.692482","indexId":"70220204","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-22T06:46:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8573,"text":"Biogeochemistry Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A combined microbial and ecosystem metric of carbon retention efficiency explains land cover-dependent soil microbial biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships","docAbstract":"While soil organic carbon (C) is the foundation of productive and healthy ecosystems, the impact of the ecology of microorganisms on C-cycling remains unknown. We manipulated the diversity, applied here as species richness, of the microbial community present in similar soils on two contrasting land-covers—an adjacent pasture and forest—and observed the transformations of plant detritus and soil organic matter (SOM) using stable isotope (13C) tracing coupled with a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment. The amount of detritus-C degraded was not affected by the microbial diversity (p > 0.05), however the fate of detritus- and SOM-C across the diversity gradient was complex and land cover-dependent. For example, in the pasture soil, higher diversity led to lower CO2 production (p = 0.001), a trend driven solely by SOM-C mineralization. There was no relationship between diversity and detritus-C mineralization or production of new mineral-associations after one year (p > 0.05). In contrast, in the forest soil higher diversity resulted in increased detritus-C (p = 0.01) and SOM-C (p = 0.0008) mineralization and decreased mineral-associated organic matter formation (p = 0.02). In both land cover types, retention efficiency—a measure that integrates both microbial physiology and the ability of the ecosystem to retain C—explained C loss and transformation trends. Overall, this demonstrates that the trajectory of C gained and lost is altered by land management-induced changes to microbial communities, soil structure, and chemical characteristics underlying SOM persistence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-020-00736-w","usgsCitation":"Ernakovich, J.G., Baldock, J., Creamer, C., Sanderman, J., Kalbitz, K., and Farrell, M., 2021, A combined microbial and ecosystem metric of carbon retention efficiency explains land cover-dependent soil microbial biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships: Biogeochemistry Letters, v. 153, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-020-00736-w.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-115637","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"153","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ernakovich, Jessica G. 0000-0002-4493-2489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4493-2489","contributorId":257626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernakovich","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldock, Jeffrey R","contributorId":243644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldock","given":"Jeffrey R","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Creamer, Courtney 0000-0001-8270-9387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-9387","contributorId":201952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creamer","given":"Courtney","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanderman, Jonathan","contributorId":187477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanderman","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kalbitz, Karsten 0000-0002-3920-4794","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-4794","contributorId":257629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalbitz","given":"Karsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52069,"text":"Dresden University of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farrell, Mark 0000-0003-4562-2738","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-2738","contributorId":257630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36909,"text":"CSIRO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70218643,"text":"70218643 - 2021 - Gulf of Mexico blue hole harbors high levels of novel microbial lineages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:08:29.968527","indexId":"70218643","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-21T06:58:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7746,"text":"Interational Society of Microbial Ecology (ISME) Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gulf of Mexico blue hole harbors high levels of novel microbial lineages","docAbstract":"Exploration of oxygen-depleted marine environments has consistently revealed novel microbial taxa and metabolic capabilities that expand our understanding of microbial evolution and ecology. Marine blue holes are shallow karst formations characterized by low oxygen and high organic matter content. They are logistically challenging to sample, and thus our understanding of their biogeochemistry and microbial ecology is limited. We present a metagenomic and geochemical characterization of Amberjack Hole on the Florida continental shelf (Gulf of Mexico). Dissolved oxygen became depleted at the hole’s rim (32 m water depth), remained low but detectable in an intermediate hypoxic zone (40–75 m), and then increased to a secondary peak before falling below detection in the bottom layer (80–110 m), concomitant with increases in nutrients, dissolved iron, and a series of sequentially more reduced sulfur species. Microbial communities in the bottom layer contained heretofore undocumented levels of the recently discovered phylum Woesearchaeota (up to 58% of the community), along with lineages in the bacterial Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR). Thirty-one high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) showed extensive biochemical capabilities for sulfur and nitrogen cycling, as well as for resisting and respiring arsenic. One uncharacterized gene associated with a CPR lineage differentiated hypoxic from anoxic zone communities. Overall, microbial communities and geochemical profiles were stable across two sampling dates in the spring and fall of 2019. The blue hole habitat is a natural marine laboratory that provides opportunities for sampling taxa with under-characterized but potentially important roles in redox-stratified microbial processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41396-021-00917-x","usgsCitation":"Patin, N., Dietrich, Z., Stancil, A., Quinan, M., Beckler, J., Hall, E.R., Culter, J., Smith, C., Taillefert, M., and Stewart, F., 2021, Gulf of Mexico blue hole harbors high levels of novel microbial lineages: Interational Society of Microbial Ecology (ISME) Journal, v. 15, p. 2206-2232, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00917-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2206","endPage":"2232","ipdsId":"IP-121475","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":453364,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00917-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.20494115356912\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -84.24316406249999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -85.20996093749999,\n 29.649868677972304\n ],\n [\n -86.7919921875,\n 30.486550842588485\n ],\n [\n -89.384765625,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 29.22889003019423\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 29.649868677972304\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 27.994401411046148\n ],\n [\n -97.6025390625,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -97.7783203125,\n 21.983801417384697\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.20494115356912\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patin, N.V. 0000-0001-8522-7682","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-7682","contributorId":253112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patin","given":"N.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27526,"text":"Georgia Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietrich, Z.A.","contributorId":253113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietrich","given":"Z.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33315,"text":"Bowdoin College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stancil, A.","contributorId":253114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stancil","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26984,"text":"Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quinan, M.","contributorId":253115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13147,"text":"Mote Marine Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beckler, J.S.","contributorId":253116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beckler","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26984,"text":"Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hall, E. R. 0000-0002-9218-6097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9218-6097","contributorId":253129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37075,"text":"Mote Marine Laboratory, Tropical Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Culter, J","contributorId":253117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culter","given":"J","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13147,"text":"Mote Marine Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":218439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Taillefert, Martial","contributorId":214794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taillefert","given":"Martial","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27526,"text":"Georgia Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stewart, F.J.","contributorId":253118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50483,"text":"Georgia Institute of Technology; Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70218279,"text":"70218279 - 2021 - Detecting shrub recovery in sagebrush steppe: Comparing Landsat-derived maps with field data on historical wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-24T13:02:35.006174","indexId":"70218279","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-19T07:02:40","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting shrub recovery in sagebrush steppe: Comparing Landsat-derived maps with field data on historical wildfires","docAbstract":"The need for basic information on spatial distribution and abundance of plant species for research and management in semiarid ecosystems is frequently unmet. This need is particularly acute in the large areas impacted by megafires in sagebrush steppe ecosystems, which require frequently updated information about increases in exotic annual invaders or recovery of desirable perennials. Remote sensing provides one avenue for obtaining this information. We considered how a vegetation model based on Landsat satellite imagery (30 m pixel resolution; annual images from 1985 to 2018) known as the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) “Back-in-Time” fractional component time-series, compared with field-based vegetation measurements. The comparisons focused on detection thresholds of post-fire emergence of fire-intolerant Artemisia L. species, primarily A. tridentata Nutt. (big sagebrush). Sagebrushes are scarce after fire and their paucity over vast burn areas creates challenges for detection by remote sensing. Measurements were made extensively across the Great Basin, USA, on eight burn scars encompassing ~500 000 ha with 80 plots sampled, and intensively on a single 113 000 ha burned area where we sampled 1454 plots.
Estimates of sagebrush cover from the NLCD were, as a mean, 6.5% greater than field-based estimates, and variance around this mean was high. The contrast between sagebrush cover measurements in field data and NLCD data in burned landscapes was considerable given that maximum cover values of sagebrush were ~35% in the field. It took approximately four to six years after the fire for NLCD to detect consistent, reliable signs of sagebrush recovery, and sagebrush cover estimated by NLCD ranged from 3 to 13% (equating to 0 to 7% in field estimates) at these times. The stabilization of cover and presence four to six years after fire contrasted with previous field-based studies that observed fluctuations over longer time periods.
While results of this study indicated that further improvement of remote sensing applications would be necessary to assess initial sagebrush recovery patterns, they also showed that Landsat satellite imagery detects the influence of burns and that the NLCD data tend to show faster rates of recovery relative to field observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s42408-021-00091-7","usgsCitation":"Applestein, C., and Germino, M., 2021, Detecting shrub recovery in sagebrush steppe: Comparing Landsat-derived maps with field data on historical wildfires: Fire Ecology, v. 17, no. 5, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00091-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121781","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00091-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Sagebrush steppe of the Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 40.84706035607122\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applestein, Cara 0000-0002-7923-8526","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7923-8526","contributorId":218003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applestein","given":"Cara","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":251901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70218646,"text":"70218646 - 2021 - Production of haploid gynogens to inform genomic resource development in the paleotetraploid pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T12:47:01.159249","indexId":"70218646","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-19T06:37:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production of haploid gynogens to inform genomic resource development in the paleotetraploid pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus)","docAbstract":"Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefishes) is an ancient lineage of osteichthyan fishes (>200 million years old) with most extant species at conservation risk. A relatively basal species, the pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus, is a federally endangered species native to the Mississippi and Missouri River basins. Hybridization with sympatric shovelnose sturgeon, S. platorynchus, is one of several threats to pallid sturgeon. Current molecular markers cannot reliably distinguish among pure species and multigenerational backcrosses. This information is critical for implementation of management strategies to increase populations through natural reproduction and artificial propagation. Genotypes from a large panel of unlinked single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may provide greater resolution of the two species; however, paralogous sequence variants (PSVs) within individuals resulting from an ancient whole genome duplication event confound SNP development. The aim of this study was to produce pallid sturgeon gynogens that contain 100% homozygous DNA contributed by only the maternal parent and have enough DNA for future SNP marker development. When homozygous gynogens are sequenced, heterozygosity at a locus within an individual indicates the presence of incorrectly aligned sequences that contain PSVs; accurate identification of these multi-locus contigs can facilitate their exclusion when developing disomic markers. In this study, we attempted to produce two types of pallid sturgeon gynogens: a) haploid gynogens produced from the activation of pallid sturgeon eggs with ultraviolet-irradiated sperm from the distantly related paddlefish (Polyodon spathula), and b) doubled haploids produced from the activation of pallid sturgeon eggs with irradiated paddlefish milt followed by thermal shock to suppress the first mitotic division. Production of doubled haploids, gynogens with 100% homozygous DNA and double the genome content of haploid gynogens, was pursued because it was originally unknown if haploid gyongens would survive long enough to attain enough genetic material for SNP marker development. We performed flow cytometry and microsatellite genotyping on the specimens in order to confirm haploid and doubled haploid status. Our study was unable to successfully yield doubled haploids; however, we successfully produced haploid gynogens that contained enough nuclear DNA for our future SNP marker development study. Interestingly, this study also produced paddlefish × pallid sturgeon hybrids in the control groups in two separate years; this is the first study to report viable offspring between the paddlefish and a Scaphirhynchus sturgeon species and reflects on the malleability of the genomes of the species in this order.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736529","usgsCitation":"Flamio Jr., R., Chojnacki, K., Delonay, A.J., Dodson, M.J., Gocker, R.M., Jenkins, J., Powell, J., and Heist, E.J., 2021, Production of haploid gynogens to inform genomic resource development in the paleotetraploid pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus): Aquaculture, v. 538, 736529, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736529.","productDescription":"736529, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121290","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453398,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736529","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OTQTH8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Microsatellite genotypes and DNA yield of artificially produced larval pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus"},{"id":436502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9T3LM1C","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ploidy and genome size estimates of artificially produced larval pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus"},{"id":383736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.390625,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -110.302734375,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -102.48046875,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n -101.162109375,\n 43.77109381775651\n ],\n [\n -97.998046875,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -92.8125,\n 32.47269502206151\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -88.505859375,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -89.56054687499999,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 39.639537564366684\n ],\n [\n -96.767578125,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -110.390625,\n 48.45835188280866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flamio Jr., Richard","contributorId":253126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flamio Jr.","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":50485,"text":"Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chojnacki, Kimberly 0000-0001-6091-3977 kchojnacki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-3977","contributorId":221080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Kimberly","email":"kchojnacki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dodson, Marlene J 0000-0003-4510-5757","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-5757","contributorId":253127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodson","given":"Marlene","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gocker, Rachel M.","contributorId":236837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gocker","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47549,"text":"Center for Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill 0000-0002-5087-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":206579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Powell, Jeffrey","contributorId":253128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":50486,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery, Yankton, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Heist, Edward J.","contributorId":221082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heist","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40317,"text":"Southern Illinois University, Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70218762,"text":"70218762 - 2021 - A 100-km wide slump along the upper slope of the Canadian Arctic was likely preconditioned for failure by brackish pore water flushing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-12T13:47:50.163175","indexId":"70218762","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-18T07:42:33","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 100-km wide slump along the upper slope of the Canadian Arctic was likely preconditioned for failure by brackish pore water flushing","docAbstract":"Exploration of the continental slope of the Canadian Beaufort Sea has revealed a remarkable coalescence of slide scars with headwalls between 130 and 1100 m water depth (mwd). With increased depth, the scars widen and merge into one gigantic regional slide scar that is more than 100 km wide below ~1100 mwd. To understand the development of these features, five sites were investigated with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, which provided 1-m bathymetric grids and Chirp profiles, and surveyed with a Remotely Operated Vehicle. The morphologies are consistent with retrograde failures that occurred on failure planes located between 30 and 75 m below the modern seafloor. At issue is whether the continental slope in this area is preconditioned for failure. While rapid sedimentation during glacial periods, and the presence of shallow gas cannot be ruled out, given the geological environment, it is unclear that they are primary preconditioning factors. Evidence of widespread flushing of the slope with brackish waters, and observed flows of brackish water within slide scars, suggest fluid venting and overpressure may play a role in the development of the extensive slope failures seen along this margin. The impact of pore water salinity changes at the depth of the failure plane on slope stability has not been considered in marine settings previously.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2021.106453","usgsCitation":"Paull, C., Dallimore, S., Caress, D., Gwiazda, R., Lundsten, E., Anderson, K., Melling, H., Jin, Y., Duchesne, M., S-G., K., Kim, S., Riedel, M., King, E., and Lorenson, T., 2021, A 100-km wide slump along the upper slope of the Canadian Arctic was likely preconditioned for failure by brackish pore water flushing: Marine Geology, v. 435, 106453, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2021.106453.","productDescription":"106453, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118551","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2021.106453","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Sea, Canadian Beaufort Sea","volume":"435","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":255036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C. K.","affiliations":[{"id":16837,"text":"MBARI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dallimore, S.R.","contributorId":255038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dallimore","given":"S.R.","affiliations":[{"id":48501,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada (Pacific)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caress, D.W.","contributorId":255041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caress","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[{"id":16837,"text":"MBARI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gwiazda, R.","contributorId":255044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gwiazda","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16837,"text":"MBARI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lundsten, E.","contributorId":255047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lundsten","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16837,"text":"MBARI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, K.","contributorId":255050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16837,"text":"MBARI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Melling, H.","contributorId":255053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melling","given":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":51402,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jin, Y.K.","contributorId":255055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Y.K.","affiliations":[{"id":51404,"text":"Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Duchesne, M.J.","contributorId":255056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duchesne","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51406,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada, Quebec, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"S-G., Kang","contributorId":255057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"S-G.","given":"Kang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51404,"text":"Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kim, S.","contributorId":229605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":41694,"text":"Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Riedel, M.","contributorId":238948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riedel","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47829,"text":"GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1 – 3, 24148 Kiel, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"King, E.L.","contributorId":255058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[{"id":51407,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada, Dartmouth, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lorenson, Thomas 0000-0001-7669-2873 tlorenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7669-2873","contributorId":174599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"Thomas","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70222375,"text":"70222375 - 2021 - Retreat, detour or advance? Understanding the movements of birds confronting the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-26T12:35:06.203383","indexId":"70222375","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-18T07:31:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retreat, detour or advance? Understanding the movements of birds confronting the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"During migration, birds must locate stopover habitats that provide sufficient resources to rest and refuel while en route to the breeding or non-breeding area. Long-distance migrants invariably encounter inhospitable geographic features, the edges of which are often characterized by habitat limited in food and safety. In response, they often depart in directions inconsistent with reaching their destination, presumably searching for better habitat. We used automated radio telemetry to track 442 individuals of five species to investigate the behavior of migratory birds as they departed edge habitat along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast during autumn from 2008 to 2014. Most migrants (75%) retreated inland or detoured around rather than advanced across the Gulf, but this depended on bird species and fat-based energy stores. Most individuals in lean condition or of smaller bodied species tended to retreat or detour, rather than advance, when departing from the coast. Twenty-one percent of all birds that departed the coast in 2013–2014 were redetected over 45 km inland, providing a unique opportunity to compare stopover duration, departure times and travel speeds between migrants that retreat away from the coast and those that continue to advance toward their destination. Individuals that retreated the coast and were redetected inland spent ~1 day on the coast before retreating inland, where they spent 11 days before resuming migration. Further when those same individuals retreated from the coast, they departed around evening civil twilight, whereas those that advanced from inland habitats departed after evening civil twilight. Travel speeds were slower for individuals retreating inland compared to those advancing towards the coast from inland habitats. The differences between retreating and advancing individuals suggest how an individual's drive to feed or fly influences behavior. Our study illustrates how the sum of individual decisions can shape habitat use, landscape-scale movements and migration strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/oik.07834","usgsCitation":"Zenzal, T.J., Ward, M.P., Diehl, R.H., Buler, J.J., Smolinsky, J.A., Deppe, J.L., Bolus, R.T., Celis-Murillo, A., and Moore, F.R., 2021, Retreat, detour or advance? Understanding the movements of birds confronting the Gulf of Mexico: Oikos, v. 130, no. 5, p. 739-752, https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.07834.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"752","ipdsId":"IP-111765","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/34238","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","city":"Mobile","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay, Gult of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -86.923828125,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -86.923828125,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 29.84064389983441\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"130","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zenzal, Theodore J. Jr. 0000-0001-7342-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7342-1373","contributorId":224399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenzal","given":"Theodore","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, Michael P.","contributorId":173620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":27257,"text":"Dept of Nat Resources and Env Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diehl, Robert H. 0000-0001-9141-1734 rhdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-1734","contributorId":3396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Robert","email":"rhdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buler, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":194648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buler","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":819855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smolinsky, Jaclyn Ann 0000-0002-4733-5313","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-5313","contributorId":261342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smolinsky","given":"Jaclyn","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Deppe, Jill L.","contributorId":173619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deppe","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":27256,"text":"Dept of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bolus, Rachel T rbolus@usgs.gov","contributorId":261343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolus","given":"Rachel","email":"rbolus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":32977,"text":"Southern Utah University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Celis-Murillo, Antonio 0000-0002-3371-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6529","contributorId":237851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celis-Murillo","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moore, Frank R.","contributorId":54582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12981,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70219485,"text":"70219485 - 2021 - Shade, light, and stream temperature responses to riparian thinning in second-growth redwood forests of northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T11:51:35.478377","indexId":"70219485","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-16T06:57:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shade, light, and stream temperature responses to riparian thinning in second-growth redwood forests of northern California","docAbstract":"Resource managers in the Pacific Northwest (USA) actively thin second-growth forests to accelerate the development of late-successional conditions and seek to expand these restoration thinning treatments into riparian zones. Riparian forest thinning, however, may impact stream temperatures–a key water quality parameter often regulated to protect stream habitat and aquatic organisms. To better understand the effects of riparian thinning on shade, light, and stream temperature, we employed a manipulative field experiment following a replicated Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design in three watersheds in the redwood forests of northern California, USA. Thinning treatments were intended to reduce canopy closure or basal area within the riparian zone by up to 50% on both sides of the stream channel along a 100–200 m stream reach. We found that responses to thinning ranged widely depending on the intensity of thinning treatments. In the watersheds with more intensive treatments, thinning reduced shade, increased light, and altered stream thermal regimes in thinned and downstream reaches. Thinning shifted thermal regimes by increasing maximum temperatures, thermal variability, and the frequency and duration of elevated temperatures. These thermal responses occurred primarily during summer but also extended into spring and fall. Longitudinal profiles indicated that increases in temperature associated with thinning frequently persisted downstream, but downstream effects depended on the magnitude of upstream temperature increases. Model selection analyses indicated that local changes in shade as well as upstream thermal conditions and proximity to upstream treatments explained variation in stream temperature responses to thinning. In contrast, in the study watershed with less intensive thinning, smaller changes in shade and light resulted in minimal stream temperature responses. Collectively, our data shed new light on the stream thermal responses to riparian thinning. These results provide relevant information for managers considering thinning as a viable restoration strategy for second-growth riparian forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0246822","usgsCitation":"Roon, D., Dunham, J.B., and Groom, J.D., 2021, Shade, light, and stream temperature responses to riparian thinning in second-growth redwood forests of northern California: PLoS ONE, v. 16, no. 2, e0246822, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246822.","productDescription":"e0246822, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124305","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246822","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -123.651123046875,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -123.651123046875,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 41.50034959128928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roon, David","contributorId":257063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roon","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Groom, Jeremiah D","contributorId":257065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groom","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":51978,"text":"Groom Analytics, LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70229051,"text":"70229051 - 2021 - Uncovering process domains in large rivers: Patterns and potential drivers of benthic substrate heterogeneity in two North American riverscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-28T14:29:43.181527","indexId":"70229051","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-15T08:18:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncovering process domains in large rivers: Patterns and potential drivers of benthic substrate heterogeneity in two North American riverscapes","docAbstract":"Identifying and understanding functional process domains (sensu Montgomery, 1999) in rivers is paramount for linking the physical habitat template to ecosystem structure and function. To date, efforts to do this have been rare, especially in large rivers, as they require appropriate tools for quantifying habitat heterogeneity with fine-scale resolution across broad spatial extents. In this study, we used side-scan sonar technology to map riverbed substrate at six sites in the Yellowstone and Missouri rivers. Substrate maps were then analyzed and visualized using geospatial analysis to relate fine-grained spatial substrate patterns to process domain structure. Our findings revealed two distinct nested domains of substrate patchiness, suggesting that different factors are responsible for shaping patterns of substrate at different scales. Although small-scale patchiness in substrate was likely driven by internal, or autogenic, physical processes, patterns at larger segment extents (>3 km) were often driven by abrupt transitions in habitat related to exogenous factors such as lateral erosion of talus, tributary inputs, and bank armoring. Additionally, we found that heterogeneity in benthic substrate increased with spatial extent at all of our study sites; however, this relationship was lower in the Missouri River, which is altered by impoundment. Our study represents one of the first efforts to relate benthic habitat heterogeneity to nested process domain structure in large riverscapes, and offers a unique perspective for linking landscape processes, geomorphological habitat heterogeneity, and biological structure and function in large rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107524","usgsCitation":"Scholl, E., Cross, W.F., Baxter, C.V., and Guy, C.S., 2021, Uncovering process domains in large rivers: Patterns and potential drivers of benthic substrate heterogeneity in two North American riverscapes: Geomorphology, v. 375, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107524.","productDescription":"107524, 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-120694","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/5832738","text":"External Repository"},{"id":396542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River, Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 47.25686404408872\n ],\n [\n -103.60107421874999,\n 47.25686404408872\n ],\n [\n -103.60107421874999,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -106.820068359375,\n 47.25686404408872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"375","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholl, E.A","contributorId":286923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scholl","given":"E.A","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, W. F.","contributorId":15412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, C. V.","contributorId":62853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70219003,"text":"70219003 - 2021 - Months-long spike in aqueous Arsenic following domestic well installation and disinfection: Short- and long-term drinking water quality implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-19T11:47:19.096213","indexId":"70219003","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-13T07:28:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2331,"text":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Months-long spike in aqueous Arsenic following domestic well installation and disinfection: Short- and long-term drinking water quality implications","docAbstract":"Exposure to high concentration geogenic arsenic via groundwater is a worldwide health concern. Well installation introduces oxic drilling fluids and hypochlorite (a strong oxidant) for disinfection, thus inducing geochemical disequilibrium. Well installation causes changes in geochemistry lasting 12 + months, as illustrated in a recent study of 250 new domestic wells in Minnesota, north-central United States. One study well had extremely high initial arsenic (1550 µg/L) that substantially decreased after 15 months (5.2 µg/L). The drilling and development of the study well were typical and ordinary; nothing observable indicated the very high initial arsenic concentration. We hypothesized that oxidation of arsenic-containing sulfides (which lowers pH) combined with low pH dissolution of arsenic-bearing Fe (oxyhydr)oxides caused the very high arsenic concentration. Geochemical equilibrium considerations and modeling supported our hypothesis. Groundwater equilibrium redox conditions are poised at the Fe(III)(s)/Fe(II)(aq) stability boundary, indicating arsenic-bearing Fe (oxyhydr)oxide mineral sensitivity to pH and redox changes. Changing groundwater geochemistry can have negative implications for home water treatment (e.g., reduced arsenic removal efficiency, iron fouling), which can lead to ongoing but unrecognized hazard of arsenic exposure from domestic well water. Our results may inform arsenic mobilization processes and geochemical sensitivity in similarly complex aquifers in Southeast Asia and elsewhere.
Determining whether seismicity near volcanoes is due primarily to tectonic or magmatic processes is a challenging but critical endeavor for volcanic eruption forecasting and detection, especially at poorly monitored volcanoes. Global statistics on the occurrence and timing of earthquakes near volcanoes both within and outside of eruptive periods reveal patterns in eruptive seismicity that may improve our ability to discern magmatically driven seismicity from purely tectonic seismicity. In this paper, we catalog magnitude four and greater (M4+) earthquakes near volcanoes globally and compute statistics on their occurrence with respect to various eruptive and volcanic attributes, evaluating their utility as diagnostic indicators of eruptions. Using a 2‐week time window and a 30 km radius around the volcanoes, we find that 11% of eruptions are preceded by at least one M4+ earthquake, but only 1% of such earthquakes is followed by eruption. However, earthquakes located 5–15 km from the volcano, those with normal faulting mechanisms and/or large nondouble‐couple components, and those occurring as groups are more commonly associated with eruptions, providing significant forecasting utility in some cases. Similarly, certain volcanoes are more likely to exhibit such precursors, such as those with long repose periods. We illustrate the use of these data in eruption forecasting scenarios, including rapid identification of analogous earthquake sequences at other volcanoes. When integrated within the context of multiparametric, multidisciplinary probabilistic assessments of volcanic activity, global earthquake statistics can improve eruption forecasts, and our work provides a model for use on other rapidly expanding global volcanological databases.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JB021294","usgsCitation":"Pesicek, J.D., Ogburn, S.E., and Prejean, S., 2021, Indicators of volcanic eruptions revealed by global M4+ earthquakes: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 126, no. 3, e2020JB021294, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB021294.","productDescription":"e2020JB021294, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124151","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jb021294","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pesicek, Jeremy D. 0000-0001-7964-5845","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-5845","contributorId":202042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pesicek","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogburn, Sarah E. 0000-0002-4734-2118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-2118","contributorId":204751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogburn","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie 0000-0003-0510-1989 sprejean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-1989","contributorId":172404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","email":"sprejean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227257,"text":"70227257 - 2021 - Winter roost selection of Lasiurine tree bats in a pyric landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-05T13:24:20.027685","indexId":"70227257","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-09T07:16:20","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter roost selection of Lasiurine tree bats in a pyric landscape","docAbstract":"Day-roost selection by Lasiurine tree bats during winter and their response to dormant season fires is unknown in the southeastern United States where dormant season burning is widely applied. Although fires historically were predominantly growing season, they now occur in the dormant season in this part of the Coastal Plain to support a myriad of stewardship activities, including habitat management for game species. To examine the response of bats to landscape condition and the application of prescribed fire, in the winter of 2019, we mist-netted and affixed radio-transmitters to 16 Lasiurine bats, primarily Seminole bats (Lasiurus seminolus) at Camp Blanding Joint Training Center in northern Florida. We then located day-roost sites to describe roost attributes. For five Seminole bats, one eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), and one hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), we applied prescribed burns in the roost area to observe bat response in real-time. Generally, Seminole bats selected day-roosts in mesic forest stands with high mean fire return intervals. At the roost tree scale, Seminole day-roosts tended to be larger, taller and in higher canopy dominance classes than surrounding trees. Seminole bats roosted in longleaf (Pinus palustris), slash (Pinus elliotii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) more than expected based on availability, whereas sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), water oak (Quercus nigra) and turkey oak (Quercus laevis), were roosted in less than expected based on availability. Of the seven roosts subjected to prescribed burns, only one male Seminole bat and one male eastern red bat evacuated during or immediately following burning. In both cases, these bats had day-roosted at heights lower than the majority of other day-roosts observed during our study. Our results suggest Seminole bats choose winter day-roosts that both maximize solar exposure and minimize risks associated with fire. Nonetheless, because selected day-roosts largely were fire-dependent or tolerant tree species, application of fire does need to periodically occur to promote recruitment and retention of suitable roost sites.
The Don Manuel porphyry copper system, located in the Miocene–Pliocene metallogenic belt of central Chile, contains spatially zoned alteration styles common to other porphyry copper deposits including extensive potassic alteration, propylitic alteration, localized sericite-chlorite alteration and argillic alteration but lacks pervasive hydrolytic alteration typical of some deposits. It is one of the youngest porphyry copper deposits in the Andes. Timing of mineralization and the hydrothermal system at Don Manuel are consistent with emplacement of the associated intrusions (ca. 4 and 3.6 Ma). Two molybdenite samples yielded consistent ages of 3.412 ± 0.037 and 3.425 ± 0.037 Ma. 40Ar/39Ar ages on hydrothermal biotites (3.57 ± 0.02, 3.51 ± 0.02, 3.41 ± 0.01, and 3.37 ± 0.01 Ma) are associated with potassic alteration. These ages are younger than the youngest intrusion by ~300 k.y. recording the cooling of the system below 350 °C. Such a time gap can be explained by fluxing of hot magmatic fluids from deeper magmatic sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/min11020174","usgsCitation":"Gilmer, A.K., Sparks, R.S., Barfod, D.N., Brugge, E., Annen, C., and Parkinson, I., 2021, Duration of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization of the Don Manuel porphyry copper system, central Chile: Minerals, v. 11, no. 2, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020174.","productDescription":"22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125032","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"central Chile","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.71874999999999,\n -31.278550858946517\n ],\n [\n -70.18066406249997,\n -31.278550858946517\n ],\n [\n -70.18066406249997,\n -26.784847361051206\n ],\n [\n -71.71874999999999,\n -26.784847361051206\n ],\n [\n -71.71874999999999,\n -31.278550858946517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilmer, Amy K. 0000-0001-5038-8136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5038-8136","contributorId":218307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sparks, R. Stephen J.","contributorId":254929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sparks","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Stephen J.","affiliations":[{"id":37322,"text":"University of Bristol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barfod, Dan N. 0000-0001-8934-4034","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-4034","contributorId":254930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barfod","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":27602,"text":"Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brugge, Emily","contributorId":254931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brugge","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Annen, Catherine 0000-0002-3379-5458","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-5458","contributorId":254932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Annen","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37322,"text":"University of Bristol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parkinson, Ian 0000-0001-6380-7061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6380-7061","contributorId":254933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parkinson","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37322,"text":"University of Bristol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229217,"text":"70229217 - 2021 - Intraspecific variation in incubation behaviors along a latitudinal gradient is driven by nest microclimate and selection on neonate quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-03T16:59:18.251672","indexId":"70229217","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-06T10:45:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraspecific variation in incubation behaviors along a latitudinal gradient is driven by nest microclimate and selection on neonate quality","docAbstract":"Multicultural representation is a stated goal of many global scientific assessment processes. These processes aim to mobilize a broader, more diverse knowledge base and increase legitimacy and inclusiveness of these assessment processes. Often, enhancing cultural diversity is encouraged through involvement of diverse expert teams and sources of knowledge in different languages. In this article, we examine linguistic diversity, as one representation of cultural diversity, in the eight published assessments of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Our results show that the IPBES assessment outputs are disproportionately filtered through English-language literature and authors from Anglophone countries. To incorporate more linguistic diversity into global ecosystem assessment processes, we present actionable steps for global science teams to recognize and incorporate non-English-language literature and contributions from non-Anglophones. Our findings highlight the need for broad-scale actions that enhance inclusivity in knowledge synthesis processes through balanced representation of different knowledge holders and sources.
Floodplain forests of large rivers in the midwestern United States are naturally fragmented by sloughs, backwaters, wetlands, and shrub carr. On the highly altered Upper Mississippi River (UMR), resource managers want to protect and manage floodplain forests to benefit forest “interior” bird species. To discover bird relations with interior and edge floodplain forest, we characterized bird assemblages during spring migration and breeding season in 3 forest types: habitat in the interior of forest areas > 100 m from an edge, edges associated with interior areas, and other areas of forest not associated with an interior area (random sites) on the UMR between Hastings and Red Wing, Minnesota. The random sites represent the majority of UMR floodplain forest area because only a small percentage of forest occurs >100 m from edge. Estimated habitat characteristics did not differ among interior, edge, and random sites. Bird relative abundance, species richness, diversity, assemblage composition, and detections of all but one species (in spring) did not differ among interior, edge, and random sites during both seasons. Our results suggest a homogeneous bird assemblage across UMR floodplain forest in the study area during spring migration and the breeding season, and that individual forest bird species do not seem to be more abundant in interior or edge areas as we defined them.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1676/1559-4491-132.2.366","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, E.M., and Gray, B.R., 2021, Songbird use of interior and edge floodplain forest sites along the Upper Mississippi River, USA, during spring migration and breeding seasons: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 132, no. 2, p. 355-378, https://doi.org/10.1676/1559-4491-132.2.366.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"378","ipdsId":"IP-114480","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.05419921875,\n 45.120052841530544\n ],\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -90.615234375,\n 42.45588764197166\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -91.25244140624999,\n 44.308126684886126\n ],\n [\n -93.05419921875,\n 45.120052841530544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, Eileen M. 0000-0002-2818-5022 ekirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-5022","contributorId":3477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Eileen","email":"ekirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70218712,"text":"70218712 - 2021 - Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T16:22:41.596529","indexId":"70218712","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-02T09:37:18","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland","title":"Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland","docAbstract":"Boreal peatland forests have relatively low species diversity and thus impacts of climate change on one or more dominant species could shift ecosystem function. Despite abundant soil water availability, shallowly rooted vascular plants within peatlands may not be able to meet foliar demand for water under drought or heat events that increase vapor pressure deficits while reducing near surface water availability, although concurrent increases in atmospheric CO2 could buffer resultant hydraulic stress. We assessed plant water relations of co‐occurring shrub (primarily Rhododendron groenlandicum and Chamaedaphne calyculata) and tree (Picea mariana and Larix laricina) species prior to, and in response to whole ecosystem warming (0 to +9°C) and elevated CO2 using 12.8‐m diameter open‐top enclosures installed within an ombrotrophic bog. Water relations (water potential [Ψ], turgor loss point, foliar and root hydraulic conductivity) were assessed prior to treatment initiation, then Ψ and peak sap flow (trees only) assessed after 1 or 2 years of treatments. Under the higher temperature treatments, L. laricina Ψ exceeded its turgor loss point, increased its peak sap flow, and was not able to recover Ψ overnight. In contrast, P. mariana operated below its turgor loss point and maintained constant Ψ and sap flow across warming treatments. Similarly, C. calyculata Ψ stress increased with temperature while R. groenlandicum Ψ remained at pretreatment levels. The more anisohydric behavior of L. laricina and C. calyculata may provide greater net C uptake with warming, while the more conservative P. mariana and R. groenlandicum maintained greater hydraulic safety. These latter species also responded to elevated CO2 by reduced Ψ stress, which may also help limit hydraulic failure during periods of extreme drought or heat in the future. Along with Sphagnum moss, the species‐specific responses of peatland vascular communities to drier or hotter conditions will shape boreal peatland composition and function in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.15543","usgsCitation":"Warren, J.M., Jensen, A.M., Ward, E., Guha, A., Childs, J., Wullschleger, S.D., and Hanson, P.J., 2021, Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland: Global Change Biology, v. 27, no. 9, p. 1820-1835, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15543.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1820","endPage":"1835","ipdsId":"IP-120525","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1779150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Marcell Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.53828430175781,\n 47.44341438795746\n ],\n [\n -93.45245361328125,\n 47.44341438795746\n ],\n [\n -93.45245361328125,\n 47.52461999690651\n ],\n [\n -93.53828430175781,\n 47.52461999690651\n ],\n [\n -93.53828430175781,\n 47.44341438795746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, Jeffrey M .","contributorId":198318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warren","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M .","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":811473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Anna M","contributorId":254940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":49394,"text":"Linnaeus University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, Eric 0000-0002-5047-5464","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-5464","contributorId":218962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guha, Anirban","contributorId":254941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guha","given":"Anirban","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Childs, Joanne","contributorId":254942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Childs","given":"Joanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wullschleger, Stan D.","contributorId":167343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wullschleger","given":"Stan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":811478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hanson, Paul J","contributorId":218965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}