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The uplifted shoreline is rapidly being modified by subaerial and marine processes. The new raised beach is formed in bedrock, sand, gravel, and deltaic bay-head deposits, and the effect of each erosional process was measured in each material. Fieldwork was concentrated in two areas—MacLeod Harbor on the northwest side and Patton Bay on the southeast side of Montague Island. In the unconsolidated deltaic deposits of MacLeod Harbor, 97 percent of the erosion up to June 1965, 15 months after the earthquake, was fluvial, 2.2 percent was by rainwash, and only 0.8 percent was marine; 52 percent of the total available raised beach material had already been removed. The volume removed by stream erosion was proportional to low-flow discharge raised to the power of 0.75 to 0.95, and this volume increased as the bed material became finer. Stream response to the relative fall in base level was very rapid, most of the downcutting in unconsolidated materials occurring within 48 hours of the uplift for streams with low flows greater than 10 cubic feet per second. Since then, erosion by these streams has been predominantly lateral. Streams with lower discharges, in unconsolidated materials, still had knickpoints after 15 months. No response to uplift could be detected in stream courses above the former preearthquake sea level.\n\nWhere the raised beach is in bedrock, it is being destroyed principally by marine action but at such a low rate that no appreciable erosion of bedrock was found 15 months after the earthquake. A dated rock platform raised earlier has eroded at a mean rate of 0.49 foot per year. In this area the factor limiting the rate of erosion was rock resistance rather than the transporting capacity of the waves.\n\nThe break in slope between the top of the raised beach and the former seacliff is being obliterated by debris which is accumulating at the base of the cliffs and which is no longer being removed by the sea. Current cliff retreat by rockfall, mudflows, and landslides was estimated at 0.7 to 2.0 feet per year, and in parts of Patton Bay the accumulation of debris has obliterated 78 percent of the original break in slope in 15 months.\n\nEvidence of two relative sea-level changes before 1964 was found in Patton Bay. At a high stand of sea level lasting until about 2000 B.P. (before present), an older raised beach was formed which, over a distance of 5 miles, shows 40 feet of deformation relative to the present sea level. Peat deposits exposed by the 1964 uplift also record a low sea level that lasted until at least 600 B.P.\n\nThe 1964 raised beach was used to test the accuracy of identification of former sea-level elevations from raised beach features. The Pre-1964 sea level could be accurately determined from the height of the former barnacle line, so an independent check on high-water level was available. The most reliable topographic indicator was the elevation of the break in slope at the top of a beach between a bedrock platform and a cliff. Even here, the former sea level could only be identified within 5 feet. The breaks in slope at the top of gravel beaches were found to be poor indicators of former sea level.\n\nOn Montague Island, evidence of former high sea levels appeared to be best preserved (1) as raised bedrock platforms on rocks of moderate resistance in slightly sheltered locations and (2) as raised storm beaches where the relief immediately inland was very low.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: regional effects (Professional Paper 543)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp543H","usgsCitation":"Kirkby, M.J., and Kirkby, A.V., 1969, Erosion and deposition on a beach raised by the 1964 earthquake Montague Island, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 543, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp543H.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"49","costCenters":[{"id":380,"text":"Menlo ParkCalif. Office-Earthquake Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277846,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0543h/index.html"},{"id":60590,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0543h/pp543h_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0543h/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396031,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99031.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Montague Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.923,59.7643 ], [ -147.923,60.3825 ], [ -146.9077,60.3825 ], [ -146.9077,59.7643 ], [ -147.923,59.7643 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirkby, M. J.","contributorId":55322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkby","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirkby, Anne V.","contributorId":108013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkby","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23600,"text":"ofr69139 - 1969 - A reconnaissance of the quality of water resources in Lake Dicie and West Crooked Lake near Eustis, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr69139","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-139","title":"A reconnaissance of the quality of water resources in Lake Dicie and West Crooked Lake near Eustis, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr69139","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Knochenmus, D., 1969, A reconnaissance of the quality of water resources in Lake Dicie and West Crooked Lake near Eustis, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-139, 6 p. :map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69139.","productDescription":"6 p. :map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a85ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knochenmus, Darwin","contributorId":41454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"Darwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21672,"text":"ofr6967 - 1969 - Chemical quality of surface water in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T13:09:39","indexId":"ofr6967","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-67","title":"Chemical quality of surface water in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"

In July 1967, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Douglas County, began a 2-year study of the chemical quality of surface water in the Umpqua River basin. The purpose of this report is to present an interpretive summary of the data collected, which will provide answers to the following questions:

\n

What is the chemical quality of the water in the basin?

\n

What areal and seasonal differences exist?

\n

What causes the differences?

\n

What chemical constituents, if any, are present in the water that would affect its usefulness for domestic, industrial, or agricultural purposes?

\n

Data are presented on maps, graphs, and charts. All data collected and analyzed during the study period, together with historical data on file with the Geological Survey, are included in tables 3 through 6 (p. 14, 19, 23, 24).

\n

All water samples were collected and analyzed by using standard U.S. Geological Survey methods (Rainwater and Thatcher, 1960) and \"Standard methods for examination of water and waste water\" (American Public Health Assoc. and others, 1965).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr6967","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Curtiss, D.A., 1969, Chemical quality of surface water in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-67, iii, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6967.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr6967.jpg"},{"id":324106,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e331b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtiss, D. A.","contributorId":27862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtiss","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22785,"text":"ofr6960 - 1969 - Results of water-resources investigations through 1968 in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:08","indexId":"ofr6960","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-60","title":"Results of water-resources investigations through 1968 in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr6960","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Cox, E., 1969, Results of water-resources investigations through 1968 in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-60, 87 p. (some folded) :maps ; 29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6960.","productDescription":"87 p. (some folded) :maps ; 29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0060/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52214,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0060/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6045d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, E.R.","contributorId":6094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23083,"text":"ofr69100 - 1969 - Hydrologic conditions during 1967 in Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"ofr69100","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-100","title":"Hydrologic conditions during 1967 in Dade County, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr69100","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Galliher, C., and Hull, J., 1969, Hydrologic conditions during 1967 in Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-100, 48 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69100.","productDescription":"48 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611604","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galliher, C.F.","contributorId":19971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galliher","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hull, J.E.","contributorId":56264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23375,"text":"ofr69128 - 1969 - An appraisal of the ground-water resources of the Susquehanna River basin in New York State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"ofr69128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-128","title":"An appraisal of the ground-water resources of the Susquehanna River basin in New York State","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr69128","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hollyday, E., 1969, An appraisal of the ground-water resources of the Susquehanna River basin in New York State: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-128, 97 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69128.","productDescription":"97 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52664,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0128/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":52665,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685680","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollyday, E. F.","contributorId":95062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollyday","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23859,"text":"ofr70209 - 1969 - Perspective center determination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr70209","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-209","title":"Perspective center determination","docAbstract":"This program determines coordinates of the perspective center of a stereoplotter projector by bringing two bundles of rays into a best fit coincidence in a space-resection solution. One of the bundles of rays is defined by the perspective center and the grid intersections on a grid plate. The other bundle of rays is defined by the perspective center and the projected grid intersections in the model space. \r\n\r\nThe program is used with the independent-model method of semianalytlcal aerotriangulation, which requires the coordinates of perspective centers. It may also be used in checking the calibration of stereoplotters.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Topographic Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr70209","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"McLaurin, J., 1969, Perspective center determination: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-209, 41 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70209.","productDescription":"41 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0209/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53079,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0209/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaurin, J.D.","contributorId":68348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaurin","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22666,"text":"ofr7059 - 1969 - Concepts for the design of streamflow data programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:51","indexId":"ofr7059","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-59","title":"Concepts for the design of streamflow data programs","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr7059","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Carter, R.W., and Benson, M.A., 1969, Concepts for the design of streamflow data programs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-59, 33 p :ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7059.","productDescription":"33 p :ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112998,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0059/report.pdf","size":"1182","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6495f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, R. W.","contributorId":77125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, M. A.","contributorId":32510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23060,"text":"ofr6995 - 1969 - Water-resources appraisal of Crater Lake National Park, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr6995","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-95","title":"Water-resources appraisal of Crater Lake National Park, Oregon","docAbstract":"Crater Lake National Park is on the crest of the Cascade Range in southwestern Oregon. Except for small areas of glacial deposits, the area is underlain by volcanic rocks of Tertiary and Quaternary age. The principal rock types are andesitic and basaltic lavas, pumiceous volcanic flow breccias, tuffs, and airborne and flow pumice. The pumice is an excellent medium for the infiltration of much of the 67 inches of annual precipitation. The pumice and underlying lava flows and pyroclastic material transmit a large quantity of ground water which percolates to the water table and to various spring outlets. \r\n\r\nIn many areas of the park, the occurrence of perched ground water at altitudes below 6,500 feet is shown by numerous springs that drain water from ground-water bodies perched above the regional water table. Most of the streams and springs in the area flow throughout the year. The quality of the water is excellent. It is soft, has a low mineral content, and contains insignificant amounts of objectionable constituents. \r\n\r\nDuring 1962, test drilling in the northern part of the park failed to locate perched-water bodies capable of supplying quantities of water adequate for proposed facilities. However, test drilling indicated that the regional water table is below an altitude of 4,960 feet and that wells at high altitudes may have to be drilled to depths exceeding a thousand feet to obtain water. Because the water table is at undetermined depth and the existence of productive perched ground-water bodies above the regional water table at a specific site cannot be predicted, the possibility of obtaining productive wells in the area is speculative.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr6995","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Frank, F.J., and Harris, A., 1969, Water-resources appraisal of Crater Lake National Park, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-95, ii, 45 p. : ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6995.","productDescription":"ii, 45 p. : ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0095/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52430,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0095/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":52431,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0095/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frank, F. J.","contributorId":95037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, A.B.","contributorId":92290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22347,"text":"ofr6911 - 1969 - Hydrogeologic data related to establishment of a pumping station in the Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T14:41:33.440513","indexId":"ofr6911","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-11","title":"Hydrogeologic data related to establishment of a pumping station in the Everglades National Park, Florida","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr6911","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hydrogeologic data related to establishment of a pumping station in the Everglades National Park, Florida; 1969; OFR; 69-11; Appel, C. A.; Klein, Howard","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153632,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1418,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0011/ofr-68001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.43 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.34452175282718,\n 25.92032487251747\n ],\n [\n -81.34452175282718,\n 25.107313769279898\n ],\n [\n -80.46704817507609,\n 25.107313769279898\n ],\n [\n -80.46704817507609,\n 25.92032487251747\n ],\n [\n -81.34452175282718,\n 25.92032487251747\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","publishedDate":"1966-10-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1966-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628973","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Appel, C.A.","contributorId":84786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appel","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klein, Howard","contributorId":62189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22334,"text":"ofr698 - 1969 - Water supplies for Coulee Dam National Recreation Area, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr698","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-8","title":"Water supplies for Coulee Dam National Recreation Area, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr698","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Anderson, H.W., 1969, Water supplies for Coulee Dam National Recreation Area, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-8, vi, 141 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr698.","productDescription":"vi, 141 p. :ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f015d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, H. W. Jr.","contributorId":11187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22654,"text":"ofr7261 - 1969 - Water levels and artesian pressures in the Chad Basin of northeastern Nigeria, 1963-68","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:26:36","indexId":"ofr7261","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-61","title":"Water levels and artesian pressures in the Chad Basin of northeastern Nigeria, 1963-68","docAbstract":"

This report presents records of water levels and artesian pressures collected during 1963-68 on an observational network of 116 dug wells and boreholes (drilled wells) in the Chad Basin of northeastern Nigeria. The Chad Basin is underlain by the Chad Formation, a series of fluvio-lacustrine sediments which attain a thickness of 1,500 feet or more in Nigeria. Three water-bearing zones, designated Upper, Middle and Lower, have been identified in the Chad Formation of Nigeria. The Upper Zone aquifer, which contains water under both unconfined and confined conditions, provides the principal source of water to dug wells for domestic and village water supply. The Middle Zone aquifer is tapped by numerous deep boreholes (drilled wells) which provide water by artesian flow in more than 13,000 square miles of Nigeria north and east of Maiduguri. The Lower Zone, which is also confined has only been identified thus far (1969) in the vicinity of Maiduguri.

","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7261","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Government of Nigreria under the auspices of the United States Agency for International Development","usgsCitation":"Carmalt, S., and Tibbitts, G.C., 1969, Water levels and artesian pressures in the Chad Basin of northeastern Nigeria, 1963-68: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-61, Report: 73 p.; 2 Plates: 20.90 x 19.13 inches and 22.13 x 19.16 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7261.","productDescription":"Report: 73 p.; 2 Plates: 20.90 x 19.13 inches and 22.13 x 19.16 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":355057,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":355058,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0061/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":355059,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0061/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"Nigeria","otherGeospatial":"Chad Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 11.5,\n 11\n ],\n [\n 14.75,\n 11\n ],\n [\n 14.75,\n 13.75\n ],\n [\n 11.5,\n 13.75\n ],\n [\n 11.5,\n 11\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9e07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carmalt, S.W.","contributorId":45179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmalt","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbitts, G. Chase Jr.","contributorId":30601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Chase","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23313,"text":"ofr69122 - 1969 - Floods in Gravois Creek Basin, St. Louis County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T19:42:45.419348","indexId":"ofr69122","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-122","title":"Floods in Gravois Creek Basin, St. Louis County, Missouri","docAbstract":"

The rapid growth of suburban St. Louis presents problems in the social and economic development of flood plains within the area. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District, is conducting a study of the hydrology of five major drainage basins within the area of responsibility of the Sewer District.

This interim report presents stage and inundation data along Gravois Creek and its tributaries for the historic flood of June 1957, and the flood of January 1969. These data can be useful in studies leading to the proper utilization of the basin to minimize future flood problems. Other useful hydrologic data such as flood discharges and frequencies are being gathered, but were not available for this report.

Spencer and Hauth (1969) described the flood situation in Maline Creek basin, St. Louis County, Mo. Areas covered by both reports are shown in figure 1.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr69122","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hauth, L., and Spencer, D., 1969, Floods in Gravois Creek Basin, St. Louis County, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-122, Report: 14 p.; 1 Plate: 24.84 x 22.05 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69122.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p.; 1 Plate: 24.84 x 22.05 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":494055,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0122/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":494054,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155135,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0122/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"St. Louis County","otherGeospatial":"Gravois Creek 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