{"pageNumber":"5821","pageRowStart":"145500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165658,"records":[{"id":1000318,"text":"1000318 - 1969 - Insecticides and the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:41","indexId":"1000318","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2623,"text":"Limnos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insecticides and the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Cracks in the perfect image of DDT appeared when traces of the insecticide began to show up in a wide variety of organisms throughout the world.  As more and more people investigated this problem, it became increasingly evident that terrestrial and aquatic animals were accumulating comparatively high concentrations of DDT from extremely low levels in their environment.  It also became apparent that DDT and all of the other chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides were not species-specific, but were toxic to all forms of animal life including man.  In 1965, when the Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory of the U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries began to monitor pesticide residues in fish from the Great Lakes, it was discovered that the fish contained not only DDT, but also dieldrin, another chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide.  Fish from Lake Michigan in particular contained relatively high levels of both of these insecticides; concentrations of DDT were in the parts per million (ppm) range, a factor at least several million times greater than the few parts per trillion found in the water.  Two questions presented themselves: first, How did these insecticides get into the water? and second, How did the fish build up such high concentrations in their bodies from such low concentrations in the water?","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Reinert, R.E., 1969, Insecticides and the Great Lakes: Limnos, v. 2, no. 3, p. 3-9.","productDescription":"p. 3-9","startPage":"3","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6497ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinert, Robert E.","contributorId":101214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinert","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175665,"text":"70175665 - 1969 - Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:29:57","indexId":"70175665","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"21","title":"Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Rettman, P., 1969, Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 21, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b56e4b03bcb0104bc47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rettman, Paul","contributorId":68699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettman","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011529,"text":"70011529 - 1969 - The determination of nanogram amounts of Chromium in urine by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T13:31:22.669116","indexId":"70011529","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The determination of nanogram amounts of Chromium in urine by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","docAbstract":"<div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Nanogram amounts of chromium can be extracted as oxinate into chloform. By treatment of the chloroform layer 3<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>hydrochloric acid, oxinates of other elements and excess of reagent are removed, leaving a chloroform solution of the chromium chelate only. This solution is concentrated and transferred to the top of a small brass rod acting as sample holder. The intensity of the X-ray fluorescence of the Cr Kα line is measured with curved crystal optics. Chromium amounts greater than 5 ng can be detected. The application of the procedure to the analysis of the chromium content of urine is demonstrated.</p></div></div><div id=\"aep-abstract-id8\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"fr\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(00)89385-X","issn":"00032670","usgsCitation":"Beyermann, K., Rose, H.J., and Christian, R., 1969, The determination of nanogram amounts of Chromium in urine by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 45, no. 1, p. 51-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)89385-X.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa9ae4b08c986b3228cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyermann, K.","contributorId":7971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyermann","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, H. J. Jr.","contributorId":79465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christian, R.P.","contributorId":51313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christian","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011639,"text":"70011639 - 1969 - Interstitial brines in playa sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T17:50:26.995536","indexId":"70011639","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interstitial brines in playa sediments","docAbstract":"<p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Study of several closed drainages in the Great Basin has shown that the interstitial solutions of shallow, fine-grained playa deposits store a large quantity of dissolved solids and are often more concentrated than associated lakes and ponds, except in peripheral zones of stream or ground-water inflow. These interstitial fluids, when compared with local runoff, impoundments, or spring waters, commonly have a distinctive ionic composition which sometimes cannot be explained by either simple mixing of surface and subsurface inflow or by evaporative concentration.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0015\">At Abert Lake, Oregon, the interstitial solute concentrations increased with depth to values as much as five times greater than the lake, except where springs indicate significant ground-water input. Where Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl, and CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>species constitute more than 90% of the solutes,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>Na</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>+</mn></msup><mtext>Cl</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>&amp;#x2212;</mn></msup></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Na+Cl−</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios in the lake water are lower than in interstitial solutions of bottom cores and higher than in playa fluids. At the same time,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>Na</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>+</mn></msup><mtext>K</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>+</mn></msup></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Na+K+</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios are highest in the fluids of lake bottom muds and lowest in playa interstitials. In deeper playa profiles, interstitial<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>Na</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>+</mn></msup><mtext>Cl</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>&amp;#x2212;</mn></msup></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Na+Cl−</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>tended to decrease with depth (5 ft. maximum).</p><p id=\"simple-para.0020\">In the Abert Lake area, as in other parts of the western Great Basin,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>Na</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>+</mn></msup><mtext>Cl</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>&amp;#x2212;</mn></msup></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Na+Cl−</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios are indicative of total CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>in solution and the effects of organic decay in surficial sediments. These ratios, coupled with data on silica and bulk density, show that higher P<sub>CO2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>accompanying decay promotes silicate dissolution and hydrogen ion exchange, stripping alkalis from sediment which had preferentially adsorbed K<sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>when entering the lake. On subsequent loss of pore fluid in the playa regime, silica initially released to solution in the lake environment is readsorbed on dissolution products.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90049-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., Van Denburgh, A.S., Truesdell, A., and Rettig, S., 1969, Interstitial brines in playa sediments: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 253-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90049-7.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Abert Lake area","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-119.8988,43.6084],[-119.8994,43.5378],[-119.8995,43.5233],[-119.8996,43.5092],[-119.8996,43.4364],[-119.8992,43.4077],[-119.8994,43.3931],[-119.8995,43.3786],[-119.899,43.364],[-119.8991,43.3499],[-119.8989,43.3053],[-119.8991,43.2762],[-119.8987,43.2616],[-119.8988,43.2471],[-119.8981,43.1766],[-119.9396,43.1754],[-119.9389,43.1012],[-119.9384,43.0858],[-119.9379,43.0007],[-119.9348,42.9125],[-119.9417,42.9125],[-119.9418,42.8298],[-119.9419,42.7411],[-119.8439,42.742],[-119.8258,42.7419],[-119.7259,42.7423],[-119.7059,42.7426],[-119.7028,42.7426],[-119.7028,42.7453],[-119.6335,42.7463],[-119.6004,42.7465],[-119.5417,42.7465],[-119.483,42.747],[-119.3644,42.7469],[-119.364,42.6596],[-119.3641,42.5742],[-119.3637,42.486],[-119.364,42.4715],[-119.3642,42.4569],[-119.3644,42.4424],[-119.3647,42.4279],[-119.3643,42.4133],[-119.3639,42.3988],[-119.3641,42.3115],[-119.3643,42.2239],[-119.3632,42.1357],[-119.3589,42.1357],[-119.3585,42.0485],[-119.3569,41.9934],[-119.4946,41.9926],[-119.4961,41.9926],[-119.5026,41.9929],[-119.505,41.9925],[-119.5064,41.9925],[-119.556,41.9931],[-119.6335,41.994],[-119.763,41.995],[-119.7902,41.9954],[-119.7934,41.9955],[-119.8132,41.9957],[-119.826,41.9959],[-119.8606,41.9961],[-119.8614,41.9961],[-120.0003,41.9953],[-120.0262,41.9955],[-120.0345,41.9955],[-120.0753,41.9952],[-120.0855,41.9952],[-120.095,41.9952],[-120.1908,41.9952],[-120.2719,41.9948],[-120.2788,41.9947],[-120.2951,41.9947],[-120.4301,41.9944],[-120.489,41.9944],[-120.5316,41.9944],[-120.5906,41.9944],[-120.8827,41.9939],[-120.8823,42.0493],[-120.8818,42.0629],[-120.8822,42.1356],[-120.8821,42.2237],[-120.8825,42.31],[-120.8824,42.3964],[-120.8824,42.3973],[-120.8828,42.4691],[-120.8829,42.4836],[-120.8833,42.569],[-120.8834,42.5831],[-120.8835,42.5931],[-120.8835,42.6027],[-120.8831,42.744],[-120.996,42.745],[-120.9998,42.745],[-121.1146,42.7454],[-121.1665,42.7456],[-121.1827,42.7455],[-121.1927,42.7459],[-121.2308,42.7457],[-121.3493,42.7455],[-121.3479,42.8323],[-121.3469,42.9051],[-121.3471,42.9187],[-121.3463,43.0074],[-121.3466,43.0797],[-121.3461,43.0942],[-121.3453,43.1811],[-121.3445,43.2662],[-121.3449,43.3572],[-121.3279,43.3573],[-121.3287,43.4224],[-121.3282,43.4296],[-121.3283,43.4365],[-121.3284,43.4442],[-121.3285,43.457],[-121.3281,43.5298],[-121.3292,43.6163],[-121.2274,43.6164],[-121.2085,43.6165],[-121.1073,43.617],[-121.0902,43.6171],[-120.9885,43.6152],[-120.9676,43.6144],[-120.9303,43.6132],[-120.8519,43.6138],[-120.752,43.6136],[-120.7312,43.6137],[-120.7135,43.6137],[-120.6143,43.6138],[-120.4954,43.6143],[-120.3759,43.6152],[-120.3766,43.6088],[-120.3393,43.6087],[-120.2584,43.6091],[-120.2401,43.6086],[-120.2198,43.6086],[-120.1585,43.608],[-120.1358,43.6074],[-120.0385,43.6067],[-120.0182,43.6071],[-119.9158,43.6085],[-119.8988,43.6084]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lake\",\"state\":\"OR\"}}]}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db0e4b0c8380cd6376c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Denburgh, A. S.","contributorId":23928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Denburgh","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":361595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70010245,"text":"70010245 - 1969 - New method for preparing ultrapure hydrofluoric acid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T14:36:46.427373","indexId":"70010245","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New method for preparing ultrapure hydrofluoric acid","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac50159a058","usgsCitation":"Tatsumoto, M., 1969, New method for preparing ultrapure hydrofluoric acid: Analytical Chemistry, v. 41, no. 14, p. 2088-2089, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50159a058.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"2088","endPage":"2089","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65e8e4b0c8380cd72c97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tatsumoto, Mitsunobu","contributorId":10444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"Mitsunobu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001601,"text":"1001601 - 1969 - Mallard hatching from an egg cracked by freezing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T11:26:04","indexId":"1001601","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mallard hatching from an egg cracked by freezing","docAbstract":"<p>The eggs of early-nesting waterfowl in North Dakota are frequently exposed to subfreezing temperatures. Mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) and Pintail (<i>Anas acuta</i>), normally the first ducks to arrive in the spring, begin limited early nesting in min-April. Nighttime temperatures during this period frequently drop below freezing, and late spring blizzards are not unusual.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4083468","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, R.J., 1969, Mallard hatching from an egg cracked by freezing: The Auk, v. 86, no. 4, p. 752-754, https://doi.org/10.2307/4083468.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"752","endPage":"754","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4083468","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","volume":"86","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649fe1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, R. J.","contributorId":74326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1000285,"text":"1000285 - 1969 - Rearing of sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, embryos in distilled water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T22:36:47.712241","indexId":"1000285","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rearing of sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, embryos in distilled water","docAbstract":"Most embryological studies of lampreys in the Great Lakes have been conducted with filtered water from Lake Huron.  Although this water was entirely satisfactory for the earlier work, the present need for knowledge of the effects of various compounds on embryological development requires that the initial medium be sterile.  The purpose of the present study was to determine whether sea lamprey embryos could be successfully reared in distilled water.  Mature sea lampreys were collected from the Ocqueoc River, Presque Isle County, Michigan, and transferred to the Hammond Bay Biological Station where eggs were stripped and fertilized according to the method of Piavis.  After activation was ascertained to be 90-100% complete, the embryos were washed 3-5 timesexperimentals with commercially obtained U.S.P. distilled water and controls with filtered Lake Huron water.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1441724","usgsCitation":"Piavis, G.W., and Howell, J.H., 1969, Rearing of sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, embryos in distilled water: Copeia, v. 1969, no. 1, p. 204-205, https://doi.org/10.2307/1441724.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"205","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1969","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b2b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piavis, George W.","contributorId":63755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piavis","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howell, John H.","contributorId":39720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011426,"text":"70011426 - 1969 - U.S. Geological Survey standards-I. Additional data on rocks G-1 and W-1, 1965-1967","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:17:09.180629","indexId":"70011426","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey standards-I. Additional data on rocks G-1 and W-1, 1965-1967","docAbstract":"<p>Analyses of samples G-1 and W-1 made between 1965-1967 have been collected and \"best values\" for many elements are suggested.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90093-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Fleischer, M., 1969, U.S. Geological Survey standards-I. Additional data on rocks G-1 and W-1, 1965-1967: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 1, p. 65-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90093-3.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb26e4b08c986b328523","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleischer, M.","contributorId":84069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187526,"text":"70187526 - 1969 - Environmental impact of the Big Cypress Swamp jetport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T09:38:28","indexId":"70187526","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Environmental impact of the Big Cypress Swamp jetport","docAbstract":"<p>Development of the proposed jetport and its attendant facilities will lead to land drainage and development for agriculture, industry, housing, transportation, and services in the Big Cypress Swamp which will inexorably destroy the south Florida ecosystem and this the Everglades National Park.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"U.S. Department of the Interior, 1969, Environmental impact of the Big Cypress Swamp jetport, 155 p.","productDescription":"155 p.","numberOfPages":"178","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":341096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340875,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sflwww.er.usgs.gov/publications/reports/jetportimpact/jetportimpact_mag/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59157824e4b01a342e69147a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior","contributorId":127996,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Department of the Interior","id":694323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70171152,"text":"70171152 - 1969 - Comparison of thermal data from airborne and vessel surveys of Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:52:22","indexId":"70171152","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of thermal data from airborne and vessel surveys of Lake Erie","docAbstract":"<p><span>A study of the applications of airborne infrared equipment for detecting water masses and currents of the Great Lakes is described. Infrared scanners were used to make thermal strip maps and an infrared radiometer was used to obtain surface temperatures of the western end of Lake Erie and the lower Detroit River. Simultaneously, surface water temperatures were taken and water samples were collected for chloride determinations from four vessels making a 4 day synoptic survey of the test area. The remote infrared measurements are compared with shipboard temperature data to evaluate their usefulness in demonstrating thermal structure, water masses, and currents in the test area.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"12th Conference on Great Lakes Research","conferenceDate":"May 5-7, 1969","conferenceLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","usgsCitation":"Beeton, A.M., Moffett, J.W., and Parker, D.C., 1969, Comparison of thermal data from airborne and vessel surveys of Lake Erie, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Great Lakes Research, Ann Arbor, MI, May 5-7, 1969, p. 513-528.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"528","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d645fe4b07e28b66836b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeton, Alfred M.","contributorId":94247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeton","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, Dana C.","contributorId":37278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010051,"text":"70010051 - 1969 - 40Ar/36Ar analyses of historic lava flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T19:58:36.546129","indexId":"70010051","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"40Ar/36Ar analyses of historic lava flows","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><p>The ratio<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>36</sup>Ar was measured for 26 subaerial historic lava flows. Approximately one-third of the samples had<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>36</sup>Ar ratios either higher or lower than the atmospheric value of 295.5 at the 95% confidence level. Excess radiogenic<sup>40</sup>Ar in five flows ranged from about 1 × 10<sup>−13</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 1.5 × 10<sup>−12</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mol/g. Possible excess<sup>36</sup>Ar in three flows was on the order of 10<sup>−16</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>−15</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mol/g. Upper 95% confidence limits for excess<sup>40</sup>Ar in samples with normal<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>36</sup>Ar ratios are generally less than 3 × 10<sup>−13</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mol/g. The origin of the excess<sup>36</sup>Ar is unknown but it may be due either to the incorporation of primitive argon that has been stored in the mantle in very low potassium environments or to enrichment in<sup>36</sup>Ar as atmospheric argon diffuses into the rocks after they cool.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(69)90160-5","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Dalrymple, G.B., 1969, 40Ar/36Ar analyses of historic lava flows: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 6, no. 1, p. 47-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90160-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e25fe4b0c8380cd45b16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalrymple, G. B.","contributorId":10407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009767,"text":"70009767 - 1969 - Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:42:06.960752","indexId":"70009767","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads","docAbstract":"<p>Triple-filament analyses of three standard lead samples are used to calibrate a mass spectrometer in an absolute sense. The bias we measure is 0.0155 percent per mass unit, and the precision (for 95% confidence limits) is ±0.13% or less for all ratios relative to<sup>204</sup>Pb. Although its precision is not quite so good as that of the lead-tetramethyl method in the analysis of large samples, the triple-filament method is less complex and is an attractive alternative for smaller sample sizes down to 500 μg.</p><p>Triple-filament data are presented for six possibly single-stage lead ores and one feldspar. These new data for ores are combined with corrected tetramethyl data for stratiform lead deposits to compute absolute parameters for a universal single-stage lead isotope growth curve. Absolute isotopic ratios for primeval lead have been determined by Oversby and because all the previous data for both meteorites and lead ores were similarly fractionated, the absolute value of<sup>238</sup>U<sup>204</sup>Pb= 9.09 ± 0.06 for stratiform leads is little different from the value 8.99 ± 0.05 originally computed by Ostic, Russell and Stanton.</p><p>Absolute values for lead isotope ratios for all interlaboratory standard samples presently available from the literature are tabulated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(69)90154-X","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Stacey, J.S., Delevaux, M., and Ulrych, T., 1969, Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 6, no. 1, p. 15-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90154-X.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b92f2e4b08c986b31a1df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delevaux, M.E.","contributorId":6185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delevaux","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ulrych, T.J.","contributorId":88874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrych","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185944,"text":"70185944 - 1969 - Landscape esthetics: How to quantify the scenics of a river valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T15:00:07","indexId":"70185944","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2825,"text":"Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape esthetics: How to quantify the scenics of a river valley","docAbstract":"<p>There are an increasing number of bills before Congress that in one way or another affect the landscape or the environment. Each of these requires seemingly endless numbers of congressional hearings, which are recorded upon endless reams of paper.</p><p>And if, for some reason, you happen to read the voluminous testimony surrounding one of these environment-affecting proposals, you will generally find a marked contrast between the volume and kind of information presented by those who are pressing for technical development - building a dam, constructing a highway, installing a nuclear power plant - and the testimony of those who either oppose the development or wish to alter it in some way. The developer usually employs numerical arguments, which tend to show that there is an economic benefit to be obtained by constructing something - whatever that something may be. The argument is usually expressed in terms of a \"cost-benefit ratio.\" It is typically argued, for instance, that the construction cost of a given project will be repaid over a period of time and will yield a profit or a benefit in excess of the development costs by a ratio of, let us say, 1.2 to 1. The argument is further supported with great numbers of charts, graphs, tables, and additional figures.</p><p>In marked contrast, those who favor protection of the environment against development are fewer in number, their statements are based on emotion or personal feelings, and they usually lack numerical information, quantitative data, and detailed computations. Perhaps this is the reason why this latter group seems to be continually fighting rearguard actions - losing battle after battle.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Museum of Natural History","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., 1969, Landscape esthetics: How to quantify the scenics of a river valley: Natural History, no. October 1969, p. 37-44.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"October 1969","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc823e4b02ff32c68576e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":14037,"text":"ofr69123 - 1969 - Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-01T20:18:42.209167","indexId":"ofr69123","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-123","title":"Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","docAbstract":"An area northwest of the Chulitna River in west-central Alaska Range locally shows local anomalous concentrations of gold, silver, arsenic, copper, zinc, and lead in stream-sediment samples. Most stream sediments showing anomalous concentrations of metals can be correlated with either known or newly discovered deposits or occurrences described in Circular 617.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr69123","usgsCitation":"Hawley, C.C., and Clark, A.L., 1969, Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-123, Report: 4 p.; 6 Plates: 12.92 x 19.07 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69123.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; 6 Plates: 12.92 x 19.07 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416579,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8360.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":42689,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42688,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42687,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42686,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147062,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42685,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chulitna River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              63.329\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.5,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.5,\n              63.329\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              63.329\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawley, C. C.","contributorId":102070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Allen L.","contributorId":96258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011623,"text":"70011623 - 1969 - Geochemistry of pore waters from Shell Oil Company drill holes on the continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T17:52:22.347082","indexId":"70011623","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of pore waters from Shell Oil Company drill holes on the continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Pore waters were analyzed from 6 holes drilled from M.V. “Eureka” as a part of the Shell Oil Co. deeper offshore study. The holes were drilled in water depths of 600–3,000 ft. (approximately 180–550 m) and penetrated up to 1,000 ft. (300 m) of Pliocene-Recent clayey sediments. Salt and anhydrite caprock was encountered in one diapiric structure on the continental slope.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0015\">Samples from holes drilled near diapiric structures showed systematic increases of pore-water salinity with depth, suggestive of salt diffusion from underlying salt plugs. Anomalous concentrations of K and Br indicate that at least one plug contains late-stage evaporite minerals. Salinities approaching halite saturation were observed.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0020\">Samples from holes away from diapiric structures showed little change in pore-water chemistry, except for loss of SO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and other variations attributable to early-stage diagenetic reactions with enclosing sediments. Thus, increased salt concentrations in even shallow sediments from this part of the Gulf appear to provide an indicator of salt masses at depth.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90040-0","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., and Bischoff, J.L., 1969, Geochemistry of pore waters from Shell Oil Company drill holes on the continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 63-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90040-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.4482421875,\n              18.22935133838668\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              18.22935133838668\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              30.675715404167743\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.4482421875,\n              30.675715404167743\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.4482421875,\n              18.22935133838668\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a170be4b0c8380cd5536f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011622,"text":"70011622 - 1969 - Ion association in natural brines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T17:53:53.104347","indexId":"70011622","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ion association in natural brines","docAbstract":"<p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Natural brines, both surface and subsurface, are highly associated aqueous solutions. Ion complexes in brines may be ion pairs in which the cation remains fully hydrated and the bond between the ions is essentially electrostatic, or coordination complexes in which one or more of the hydration water molecules are replaced by covalent bonds to the anion. Except for Cl<sup>−</sup>, the major simple ions in natural brines form ion pairs; trace and minor metals in brines form mainly coordination complexes.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0015\">Limitations of the Debye-Hückel relations for activity coefficients and lack of data on definition and stability of all associated species in concentrated solutions tend to produce underestimates of the degree of ion association, except where the brines contain a very high proportion of Cl<sup>−</sup>. Data and calculations on closed basin brines of highly varied composition have been coupled with electrode measurements of single-ion activities in an attempt to quantify the degree of ion association. Such data emphasize the role of magnesium complexes.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0020\">Trace metal contents of closed basin brines are related to complexes formed with major anions. Alkaline sulfo- or chlorocarbonate brines (western Great Basin) carry significant trace metal contents apparently as hydroxides or hydroxy polyions. Neutral high chloride brines (Bonneville Basin) are generally deficient in trace metals.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0025\">With a knowledge of the thermodynamic properties of a natural water, many possible reactions with other phases (solids, gases, other liquids) may be predicted. A knowledge of these reactions is particularly important in the study of natural brines which may be saturated with many solid phases (silicates, carbonates, sulfates, etc.), which may have a high pH and bring about dissolution of other phases (silica, amphoteric hydroxides, CO<sub>2</sub>, etc.), and which because of their high density may form relatively stable interfaces with dilute waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90039-4","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Truesdell, A., and Jones, B., 1969, Ion association in natural brines: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 51-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90039-4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ed4e4b0c8380cd64089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":361563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001808,"text":"1001808 - 1969 - Selective feeding by juvenile diving ducks in summer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T10:43:14","indexId":"1001808","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selective feeding by juvenile diving ducks in summer","docAbstract":"<p>Waterfowl often fail to use foods that seem plentiful to the investigator. The extent to which selective feeding or rejection of foods is a function of behavioral and morphological adaptations of the species, conditioned behavior of the individual, or individual preference for certain foods has not been appraised. The objectives of our study were to determine: (1) the extent of selective feeding among juvenile Canvasbacks (<i>Aytha valisineria</i>) and redheads (<i>A. americana</i>), (2) which food items were and which were not utilized, and (3) how selective use was related to the relative quality and availability of the food resource. In another paper (Bartonek and Hickey, MS) we present findings on the food habits of juvenile and adult Canvasbacks, Redheads, and Lesser Scaup (<i>Aytha affinis</i>) in southwestern Manitoba primarily during late spring and summer.</p><p>Only a few of the limited number of investigations into the summer food habits of waterfowl correlate use of foods with the relative quantity and/or availability of potential foods (White, 1936; Beard, 1953; Keith, 1961; Chura, 1961; Perret, 1962; Collias and Collias, 1963). Perret (1962) concluded that seasonal variations in the food habits of Mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) were related to changes in the availability of foods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4083407","usgsCitation":"Bartonek, J., and Hickey, J., 1969, Selective feeding by juvenile diving ducks in summer: The Auk, v. 86, no. 3, p. 443-457, https://doi.org/10.2307/4083407.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"443","endPage":"457","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4083407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Manitoba","volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a00e4b07f02db5f7cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartonek, James C.","contributorId":38085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartonek","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickey, J.J.","contributorId":57010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":62133,"text":"gq800 - 1969 - Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T20:43:19.544782","indexId":"gq800","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"800","title":"Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gq800","usgsCitation":"Weir, G.W., 1969, Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 800, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 44.26 x 31.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gq800.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 44.26 x 31.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":103516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_2102.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"2102"},{"id":248326,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0800/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0800/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Paint Lick quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.5,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.5,\n              37.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.375,\n              37.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.375,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.5,\n              37.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af5e4b07f02db69251c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weir, Gordon Whitney","contributorId":59790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"Whitney","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001471,"text":"1001471 - 1969 - Use of flooded timber by waterfowl at the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-14T20:09:23.485303","indexId":"1001471","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of flooded timber by waterfowl at the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"<p>Waterfowl use of bottomland hardwood timber stands which were flooded and killed was studied at the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge, Seneca Falls, New York, from 1962 to 1964. Comparisons of use were made among six habitat types containing dead timber, stumps, and no timber, and with and without emergent vegetation. An index to waterfowl use was derived by direct counts and by counts made with automatic cameras which photographed randomly selected plots in each habitat type. Movement between types was studied by observation of both marked and unmarked birds. The camera index of use showed that cut timber with emergent vegetation received the greatest overall use. Use was positively correlated with the proximity of the plot to emergent vegetation and nearest vegetative type boundary. A stand flooded for 7 years was used primarily by black ducks (<i>Anas rubripes</i>) and mallards (<i>A.</i> <i>platyrhynchos</i>). Use of stands flooded for 20 years was dominated by American widgeon (<i>Mareca americana</i>). Waterfowl spent more time resting than feeding in timbered areas, and more time feeding than resting in marsh areas. Young-of-the-year did not move between pools after they had reached an age of IIc (Gollop and Marshall 1954). Use by broods was greatest in areas near emergent vegetation. Flying birds used timbered areas during the daytime and non-timbered areas at night during fall. Flooded dead timber appeared to be attractive to waterfowl because it furnished abundant loafing sites.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799314","usgsCitation":"Cowardin, L., 1969, Use of flooded timber by waterfowl at the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 33, no. 4, p. 829-842, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799314.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"829","endPage":"842","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Seneca Falls","otherGeospatial":"Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.8336001579466,\n              43.055864866113296\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8336001579466,\n              42.91674781776206\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.71186020905174,\n              42.91674781776206\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.71186020905174,\n              43.055864866113296\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8336001579466,\n              43.055864866113296\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604776","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowardin, L.M.","contributorId":106435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowardin","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70190906,"text":"70190906 - 1969 - Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-17T10:10:47","indexId":"70190906","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this report is to present basic geologic, ground-water, surface-water, and quality of water data that are useful for the study and effective development of the water resources of southern Utah and Goshen Valleys. This report supplements an interpretive report which will be published later.</p><p>Much of the basic data was collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, during the years 1935-67. Data collected by other organizations are also included in this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Cordova, R., 1969, Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah: Utah Basic-Data Release 16, iii, 35 p.","productDescription":"iii, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/docview.exe?Folder=TP21-1-310&Title=Basic+Data+Report+16"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Goshen Valley, Utah Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf899de4b091459a5e0893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova, R.M.","contributorId":77511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011469,"text":"70011469 - 1969 - Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:14:51.227318","indexId":"70011469","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids","docAbstract":"<p>Distribution factors of phosphorus (P in mineral/P in liquid) between phenocryst minerals and coexisting basaltic groundmass are: olivine (Fa<sub>20</sub>: 0.04 to 0.02; orthopyroxene (Fs<sub>20</sub>): 0.01; augite: 0.02 to 0.01; plagioclase: 0.02; ilmenite: 0.04. Because of the smallness of these distribution factors the ratio of phosphorus in the initial liquid to that in the residual liquid (phosphorus ratio) ideally equals the mass fraction of residual liquid minus 0.00 –0.04. The phosphorus ratio facilitates, therefore, quantitative comparison of the variation of major and minor elements with crystallization of basaltic liquids.</p><p>A<span>&nbsp;</span><i>phosphorus fractionation diagram</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is a log-log graph of the wt. % of any chemical element or oxide vs. the phosphorus ratio. The slopes of variation curves on such a fractionation diagram approximately equal unity minus the crystal aggregate/liquid distribution factor. Knowledge of the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>individual</i><span>&nbsp;</span>mineral/liquid distribution factors makes it possible to estimate the relative proportions of crystallizing minerals from the slopes of curves on a phosphorus fractionation diagram prior to the crystallization of apatite or other phosphorus-rich mineral. This was done fairly successfully for the Alae Lava Lake, Hawaii.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90129-X","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Anderson, A.T., and Greenland, L., 1969, Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 4, p. 493-505, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90129-X.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"505","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78b8e4b0c8380cd78777","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, A. T.","contributorId":71317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenland, L. P.","contributorId":56368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenland","given":"L. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045464,"text":"70045464 - 1969 - Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:41:05","indexId":"70045464","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of the Colorado part of the San Luis Valley was begun in 1966 by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board. (See index map, fig. 1). The purpose of the investigation is to provide information for planning and implementing improved water-development and management practices. The major water problems in the San Luis Valley include (1) waterlogging, (2) waste of water by nonbeneficial evapotranspiration, (3) deterioration of ground-water chemical quality, and (4) failure of Colorado to deliver water to New Mexico and Texas in accordance with the Rio Grande Compact. This report describes the hydrologic environment, extent of water-resource development, and some of the problems related to that development. Information presented is based on data collected from 1966 to 1968 and on previous studies. Subsequent reports are planned as the investigation progresses. The San Luis Valley extends about 100 miles from Poncha Pass near the northeast corner of Saguache County, Colo., to a point about 16 miles south of the Colorado-New Mexico State line. The total area is 3,125 square miles, of which about 3,000 are in Colorado. The valley is nearly flat except for the San Luis Hills and a few other small areas. The Colorado part of the San Luis Valley, which is described in this report, has an average altitude of about 7,700 feet. Bounding the valley on the west are the San Juan Mountains and on the east the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Most of the valley floor is bordered by alluvial fans deposited by streams originating in the mountains, the most extensive being the Rio Grande fan (see block diagram, fig. 2 in pocket). Most of the streamflow is derived from snowmelt from 4,700 square miles of watershed in the surrounding mountains. The northern half of the San Luis Valley is internally drained and is referred to as the closed basin. The lowest part of this area is known locally as the \"sump.\" The remainder of the valley is drained by the Rio Grande and its tributaries. The climate of the San Luis Valley is arid, and a successful agricultural economy would not be possible without irrigation. It is characterized by cold winters, moderate summers, and much sunshine. The average annual precipitation on the valley floor ranges from 7 to 10 inches. More than half the precipitation occurs from July to September. Moisture deficiency in the valley is shown by the graph comparing pan evaporation and precipitation {fig. 3}. For the years 1961-67 average pan evaporation for the period April through September was 52.25 inches, but average precipitation for the period was only 5.02 inches. Average annual precipitation was 7.8 inches. Owing to the short growing season (90-120 days), crops a.re restricted mainly to barley, oats, potatoes, and other vegetables.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/70045464","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Emery, P.A., Boettcher, A.J., Snipes, R., and Mcintyre, H., 1969, Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado: Open-File Report, ii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 23.79 x 27.78 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70045464.","productDescription":"ii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 23.79 x 27.78 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"26","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1966-01-01","temporalEnd":"1968-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272738,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/report.pdf"},{"id":272739,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":272740,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":272741,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-7.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Alamosa;Conejos;Costilla;Custer;Huerfano;Rio Grande;Saguache","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.25,37.0 ], [ -105.25,38.5 ], [ -106.75,38.5 ], [ -106.75,37.0 ], [ -105.25,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516fc466e4b05024ef3cd408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emery, P. A.","contributorId":49392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boettcher, A. J.","contributorId":25965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snipes, R.J.","contributorId":16813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snipes","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mcintyre, H.J. Jr.","contributorId":34027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcintyre","given":"H.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70191027,"text":"70191027 - 1969 - Water in Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-21T15:15:18","indexId":"70191027","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5503,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16-10","title":"Water in Kentucky","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kentucky Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Krieger, R.A., Cushman, R.V., and Thomas, N., 1969, Water in Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey Special Publication 16-10, 51 p.","productDescription":"51 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":345994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://kgs.uky.edu/kgsweb/pubs/pubsearch.asp","text":"Available from the Kentucky Geological Survey"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59c4cf9ae4b017cf313d3cce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, Robert A.","contributorId":99954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cushman, Robert Vittum","contributorId":96661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Vittum","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, N.O.","contributorId":99962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010497,"text":"70010497 - 1969 - Methane-derived marine carbonates of pleistocene age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T19:34:34.151245","indexId":"70010497","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane-derived marine carbonates of pleistocene age","docAbstract":"<div class=\"panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs-container article__body\"><div class=\"pane-content\"><div id=\"panels-ajax-tab-container-highwire_article_tabs\" class=\"panels-ajax-tab-container\" data-panels-ajax-tab-preloaded=\"jnl_sci_tab_art\"><div class=\"panels-ajax-tab-wrap-jnl_sci_tab_art\"><div class=\"panel-display panel-1col clearfix\"><div class=\"panel-panel panel-col\"><div><div class=\"panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\"><div class=\"pane-content\"><div class=\"highwire-markup\"><div id=\"content-block-markup\" data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance=\"highwire_reflinks_tooltip\" data-highwire-glossary-tooltip-instance=\"highwire_reflinks_tooltip\"><div class=\"article abstract-view \"><div id=\"abstract-1\" class=\"section abstract\"><p id=\"p-1\">In some calcium carbonate-bearing sandstones from the edge of the continental shelf off the northeast United States, the δC<sup>13</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>range is from -30 and -60 per mil for both aragonite and high-magnesium calcite. The δC<sup>13</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>of co-existing shells of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Modiolus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>sp. is normal (+ 1.7 to -2.7 per mil). The δO<sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>values of around + 3.5 per mil in all samples suggest deposition at temperatures around 0°C. Quaternary methane oxidized either chemically or microbiologically to carbon dioxide is the probable source of carbon in these carbonates.</p></div></div><span id=\"related-urls\"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.165.3894.690","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hathaway, J., and Degens, E., 1969, Methane-derived marine carbonates of pleistocene age: Science, v. 165, no. 3894, p. 690-692, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.165.3894.690.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"690","endPage":"692","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"3894","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a553ee4b0c8380cd6d178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hathaway, J.C.","contributorId":94280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Degens, E.T.","contributorId":76321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degens","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010092,"text":"70010092 - 1969 - Cliftonite: A proposed origin, and its bearing on the origin of diamonds in meteorites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T13:42:56.360094","indexId":"70010092","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cliftonite: A proposed origin, and its bearing on the origin of diamonds in meteorites","docAbstract":"<p>Cliftonite, a polycrystalline aggregate of graphite with spherulitic structure and cubic morphology, is known in 14 meteorites. Some workers have considered it to be a pseudomorph after diamond, and have used the proposed diamond ancestry as evidence of a meteoritic parent body of at least lunar dimensions. Careful examination of meteoritic samples indicates that cliftonite forms by precipitation within kamacite. We have also demonstrated that graphite with cubic morphology may be synthesized in a Fe-Ni-C alloy annealed in a vacuum. We therefore suggest that a high pressure origin is unnecessary for meteorities which contain cliftonite, and that these meteorities were formed at low pressures. This conclusion is in agreement with other recent evidence.</p><p>We also suggest that recently discovered cubes and cubo-octahedra of lonsdaleite in the Canyon Diablo meteorite are pseudomorphs after cliftonite, not diamond, as has previously been suggested.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90151-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Brett, R., and Higgins, G., 1969, Cliftonite: A proposed origin, and its bearing on the origin of diamonds in meteorites: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 12, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90151-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f646e4b0c8380cd4c660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brett, R.","contributorId":106632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brett","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgins, G.T.","contributorId":52971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}