Problems besetting the development of State Critical Environmental Areas Programs were discussed at a series of six workshops sponsored by the Resource and Land Investigations (RALI) Program and Office of Land Use and Water Policy (OLUWP) of the Department of the Interior. The major problems were determined to be: program justification, effective utilization of existing institutions, the individuality of State needs, the length of time over which benefits would accrue to such programs, the roles and interactions of different levels of government, an acceptable measure for program success, public involvement in program development, information and data handling problems, and program priorities.
The role of the Federal Government was thought to be a critical factor in developing such programs, especially in the western States where Federal land ownership may subordinate State planning efforts.
Priorities in Critical Environmental Areas Programs were seen to be closely tied to concern for preservation of ways-of-life, a concern which broadens the Critical Environmental Areas concept from mainly environmental to societal in scope.
The utility of the workshop format as a means of idea exchange is discussed in light of these examples.
Placer gold deposits in the Mahd adh Dhahab district were productive during ancient times, possibly during two periods, about 950 B.C. and 750— 1258 A.D. These deposits were mapped and systematically sampled in 1973 to determine their future potential. The sampling program was facilitated by use of a backhoe which dug 1284 m of trenches and 17 pits. Five hundred and eight samples of surficial material were collected from the trenches and pits, and 78 samples were taken from bedrock exposed in the trenches.
Panning tests indicate that 710,910 m3 of gold—bearing material containing an average of 0.102 g/m3 gold are available; the total gold content is 72,268 g. Of this volume higher grade zones containing 263,455 m3 of auriferous detritus are available; this material averages 0.262 g/m3 gold and contains about 69,000 g gold. This gold could be recovered with simple washing and concentrating equipment.
In addition, a substantial amount of lower grade material which might be workable during times of higher gold prices is available in the district. It is concluded that the placer resources in the Mahd adh Dhahab district could form the basis for a small—scale local industry if the gold price is high.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr781074","usgsCitation":"Bagdady, A.Y., Whitlow, J.W., and Roberts, R.J., 1978, Placer gold deposits in the Mahd adh Dhahab district, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1074, ii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781074.","productDescription":"ii, 38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141467,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1074/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":414017,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1074/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"Mahd adh Dhahab district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 40.5,\n 23\n ],\n [\n 40.5,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 23\n ],\n [\n 40.5,\n 23\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6856c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bagdady, Abdulaziz Y.","contributorId":69143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagdady","given":"Abdulaziz","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitlow, Jesse William","contributorId":18366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlow","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, Ralph Jackson","contributorId":63010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"Jackson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":7595,"text":"ofr78587 - 1978 - Utility of aeroradioactivity maps in the vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7595,"text":"ofr78587 - 1978 - Utility of aeroradioactivity maps in the vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina","indexId":"ofr78587","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Utility of aeroradioactivity maps in the vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38603,"text":"pp1218 - 1982 - Aeroradioactivity maps in heavy-mineral exploration: Charleston, South Carolina, area","indexId":"pp1218","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Aeroradioactivity maps in heavy-mineral exploration: Charleston, South Carolina, area"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38603,"text":"pp1218 - 1982 - Aeroradioactivity maps in heavy-mineral exploration: Charleston, South Carolina, area","indexId":"pp1218","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Aeroradioactivity maps in heavy-mineral exploration: Charleston, South Carolina, area"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"ofr78587","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-587","title":"Utility of aeroradioactivity maps in the vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78587","usgsCitation":"Force, E.R., Grosz, A.E., Zietz, I., and Loferski, P., 1978, Utility of aeroradioactivity maps in the vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-587, v, 50 leaves :ill. (4 in pocket), map ;32 cm.; (56 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78587.","productDescription":"v, 50 leaves :ill. (4 in pocket), map ;32 cm.; (56 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7ec6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Force, Eric R.","contributorId":32916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosz, A. E.","contributorId":87925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zietz, Isidore","contributorId":76708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zietz","given":"Isidore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loferski, P. J.","contributorId":12841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loferski","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":56618,"text":"fwsobs78_69 - 1978 - A conceptual ecological model for Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:09","indexId":"fwsobs78_69","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"78/69","title":"A conceptual ecological model for Chesapeake Bay","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Green, K.A., 1978, A conceptual ecological model for Chesapeake Bay: FWS/OBS 78/69, v, 22 p. : ill.; 28 cm.","productDescription":"v, 22 p. : ill.; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b26e4b07f02db6afd04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Katherine A.","contributorId":104150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7718,"text":"ofr78496 - 1978 - Seismic model study of Patrick Draw field, Wyoming: a stratigraphic trap in the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr78496","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-496","title":"Seismic model study of Patrick Draw field, Wyoming: a stratigraphic trap in the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation","docAbstract":"The Patrick Draw field, located on the eastern flank of the Rock Springs uplift in the Washakie basin of southwestern Wyoming, was discovered in 1959 without the use of geophysical methods. The field is a classic example of a stratigraphic trap, where Upper Cretaceous porous sandstone units pinch out on a structural nose. Two-dimensional seismic modeling was used to construct the seismic waveform expressions of the Patrick Draw field, and to better understand how to explore for other 'Patrick Draw' fields. Interpretation of the model shows that the detection of the reservoir sand is very difficult, owing to a combination of acoustic contrasts and bed thickness. Because the model included other major stratigraphic units in the subsurface, several stratigraphic traps are suggested as potential exploration targets.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78496","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.C., and Ryder, R., 1978, Seismic model study of Patrick Draw field, Wyoming: a stratigraphic trap in the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-496, 8 leaves, [10] leaves of ill. :ill., maps ;27 cm.; (20 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78496.","productDescription":"8 leaves, [10] leaves of ill. :ill., maps ;27 cm.; (20 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0496/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35182,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0496/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f17a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Robert C.","contributorId":97899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, Robert T.","contributorId":77918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":67502,"text":"i1071 - 1978 - Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":42668,"text":"ofr77147 - 1977 - Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska","indexId":"ofr77147","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":67502,"text":"i1071 - 1978 - Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska","indexId":"i1071","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:30","indexId":"i1071","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1071","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i1071","usgsCitation":"Patton, W.W., Miller, T.P., Chapman, R.M., and Yeend, W., 1978, Geologic map of the Melozitna Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1071, 1 map : col. ;45 x 57 cm. on sheet 79 x 91 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i1071.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ;45 x 57 cm. on sheet 79 x 91 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":106592,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8925.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"8925"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156,65 ], [ -156,66 ], [ -153,66 ], [ -153,65 ], [ -156,65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696a66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patton, W. 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This report summarizes the observed extra-low-frequency (ELF) data and least squares interpretation using a computer program developed by Anderson (1977). The results are given in tabular form along with observed and calculated amplitude and phase plots. In addition, one vertical electrical sounding (VES) was obtained and a graphical solution is included via a Schlumberger inversion program developed by Zohdy (1973).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78562","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W.L., 1978, Interpretation of electromagnetic extra-low-frequency soundings in the Randsburg, California, Known Geothermal Resource Area: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-562, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78562.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140601,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0562/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413252,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0562/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Randsburg","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.66417464329976,\n 35.37343964583343\n ],\n [\n -117.66417464329976,\n 35.363645109835716\n ],\n [\n -117.64855999660662,\n 35.363645109835716\n ],\n [\n -117.64855999660662,\n 35.37343964583343\n ],\n [\n -117.66417464329976,\n 35.37343964583343\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e0550","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Walter L.","contributorId":99133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59372,"text":"mf1029 - 1978 - Stratigraphy and depositional environments of uranium host rocks in western Karnes County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:16","indexId":"mf1029","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1029","title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environments of uranium host rocks in western Karnes County, Texas","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1029","isbn":"0607805080","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1978, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of uranium host rocks in western Karnes County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1029, 1 map ;50 x 45 cm. on sheet 108 x 113 cm. fold. to 29 x 22 cm. in envelope 31 x 25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1029.","productDescription":"1 map ;50 x 45 cm. on sheet 108 x 113 cm. fold. to 29 x 22 cm. in envelope 31 x 25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105414,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6393.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6393"},{"id":185442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.16777777777779,28.8 ], [ -98.16777777777779,28.90083333333333 ], [ -98.06666666666666,28.90083333333333 ], [ -98.06666666666666,28.8 ], [ -98.16777777777779,28.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab767","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, K. A.","contributorId":77528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8903,"text":"ofr78439 - 1978 - Guide to ground-water data, Cook Inlet basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:16","indexId":"ofr78439","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-439","title":"Guide to ground-water data, Cook Inlet basin, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78439","usgsCitation":"Freethey, G.W., 1978, Guide to ground-water data, Cook Inlet basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-439, iv, 200 p. :ill., maps (3 fold. in pocket) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78439.","productDescription":"iv, 200 p. :ill., maps (3 fold. in pocket) ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0439/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36501,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0439/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36502,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0439/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36503,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0439/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36504,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0439/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655309","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freethey, Geoffrey W.","contributorId":25570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freethey","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28419,"text":"wri7875 - 1978 - Transit losses and traveltimes of reservoir releases along the Arkansas River from Pueblo Reservoir to John Martin Reservoir, southeastern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:12:14","indexId":"wri7875","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-75","title":"Transit losses and traveltimes of reservoir releases along the Arkansas River from Pueblo Reservoir to John Martin Reservoir, southeastern Colorado","docAbstract":"The need for accurate information regarding the transit losses and traveltimes associated with releases from Pueblo Reservoir has been stimulated by construction of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's Fryingpan-Arkansas Project and a proposed winter-water storage program in Pueblo Reservoir. To meet this need, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District, studied the Arkansas River from Pueblo Reservoir to John Martin Reservoir, a distance of 142 river miles.
The volumes of reservoir releases are decreased or delayed during tran-sit by bank storage, channel storage, and evaporation. Results from a com-puter model, calibrated by a controlled-test release from Pueblo Reservoir, indicate transit losses are greatest for small releases of short duration that are made during periods of low antecedent streamflow. For equivalent releases, transit losses during the winter are about 7 percent less than losses during the summer.
Based on available streamflow records, the traveltime of reservoir releases in the study reach ranges from about 1.67 hours per mile at the downstream end of the study reach when antecedent streamflow is 10 cubic feet per second, to about 0.146 hour per mile at the upstream end of the study reach when antecedent streamflow is 3,000 cubic feet per second. Consequently, the traveltime of a release increases as antecedent streamflow diminishes.
Management practices that may be used to benefit water users in the study area include selection of the optimum time, rate, and duration of a reservoir release to minimize the transit losses, determination of an accurate traveltime, and diversion at several incremental rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7875","usgsCitation":"Livingston, R.K., 1978, Transit losses and traveltimes of reservoir releases along the Arkansas River from Pueblo Reservoir to John Martin Reservoir, southeastern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-75, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7875.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0075/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1978/0075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.732666015625,\n 37.9051994823157\n ],\n [\n -102.7606201171875,\n 37.9051994823157\n ],\n [\n -102.7606201171875,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -104.732666015625,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -104.732666015625,\n 37.9051994823157\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f129c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livingston, Russell K.","contributorId":69582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59659,"text":"mf879A - 1978 - Surficial geologic map of the Philip Smith Mountains Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:15","indexId":"mf879A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"879","chapter":"A","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Philip Smith Mountains Quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf879A","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, T.D., 1978, Surficial geologic map of the Philip Smith Mountains Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 879, map ;47 x 53 cm. on sheet 74 x 112 cm. fold. in envelope 25 x 31 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf879A.","productDescription":"map ;47 x 53 cm. on sheet 74 x 112 cm. fold. in envelope 25 x 31 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104348,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4087.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4087"},{"id":184993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -150,68 ], [ -150,69 ], [ -147,69 ], [ -147,68 ], [ -150,68 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7740,"text":"ofr78333 - 1978 - Minimum average 7-day, 10-year flows in the Hudson River basin, New York, with release-flow data on Rondout and Ashokan reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr78333","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-333","title":"Minimum average 7-day, 10-year flows in the Hudson River basin, New York, with release-flow data on Rondout and Ashokan reservoirs","docAbstract":"Minimum average 7-day, 10-year flow at 67 gaging stations and 173 partial-record stations in the Hudson River basin are given in tabular form. Variation of the 7-day, 10-year low flow from point to point in selected reaches, and the corresponding times of travel, are shown graphically for Wawayanda Creek, Wallkill River, Woodbury-Moodna Creek, and the Fishkill Creek basins. The 7-day, 10-year low flow for the Saw Kill basin, and estimates of the 7-day, 10-year low flow of the Roeliff Jansen Kill at Ancram and of Birch Creek at Pine Hill, are given. Summaries of discharge from Rondout and Ashokan Reservoirs, in Ulster County, are also included. \r\n\r\nMinimum average 7-day, 10-year flow for gaging stations with 10 years or more of record were determined by log-Pearson Type III computation; those for partial-record stations were developed by correlation of discharge measurements made at the partial-record stations with discharge data from appropriate long-term gaging stations. The variation in low flows from point to point within the selected subbasins were estimated from available data and regional regression formula. Time of travel at these flows in the four subbasins was estimated from available data and Boning's equations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78333","usgsCitation":"Archer, R.J., 1978, Minimum average 7-day, 10-year flows in the Hudson River basin, New York, with release-flow data on Rondout and Ashokan reservoirs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-333, iii, 33 p. :maps (1 fold. in pocket) ;29 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78333.","productDescription":"iii, 33 p. :maps (1 fold. in pocket) ;29 cm. --","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0333/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35200,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0333/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":35201,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0333/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archer, Roger J.","contributorId":108106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":66864,"text":"i1033E - 1978 - Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T18:40:27.4323","indexId":"i1033E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1033","chapter":"E","title":"Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of maps that describe the geology and related natural resources in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area. Streamflow records used to compile this map and the accompanying table were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah State Engineer and the Utah Department of Transportation. The principal runoff-producing areas were delineated from a work map (scale 1:250,000) compiled to estimate water yields in Utah (Bagley and others, 1964). Information about Lake Powell was furnished by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i1033E","usgsCitation":"Price, D., 1978, Map showing principal drainage basins, principal runoff-producing areas, and selected stream flow data in the Kaiparowits coal-basin area, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1033, 1 Map: 40.00 x 40.43 inches; Cover: 9.17 x 11.68 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1033E.","productDescription":"1 Map: 40.00 x 40.43 inches; Cover: 9.17 x 11.68 inches","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493366,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8901.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256131,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/plate-1.pdf","text":"Map I-1033-E","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256132,"rank":2,"type":{"id":8,"text":"Cover"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/report.pdf","text":"Folio Cover","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1033e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"25000","country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Kaiparowits Plateau, Kaiparowits coal-basin area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,37 ], [ -112,38 ], [ -111,38 ], [ -111,37 ], [ -112,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":43761,"text":"ofr78688 - 1978 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for Edmundston, Canada; Maine (United States portion only)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:10","indexId":"ofr78688","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-688","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for Edmundston, Canada; Maine (United States portion only)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr78688","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Land use and land cover and associated maps for Edmundston, Canada; Maine (United States portion only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-688, 5 maps ;44 x 61 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78688.","productDescription":"5 maps ;44 x 61 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1476","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8650,"text":"ofr78473 - 1978 - Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8650,"text":"ofr78473 - 1978 - Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr78473","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5913,"text":"pp1164 - 1980 - Effects of coal mine subsidence in the Sheridan, Wyoming, area","indexId":"pp1164","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of coal mine subsidence in the Sheridan, Wyoming, area"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":5913,"text":"pp1164 - 1980 - Effects of coal mine subsidence in the Sheridan, Wyoming, area","indexId":"pp1164","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of coal mine subsidence in the Sheridan, Wyoming, area"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T20:17:02.933063","indexId":"ofr78473","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-473","title":"Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Analyses of the surface effects of past underground coal mining in the western Powder River Basin suggest that underground mining of strippable coal deposits will damage the environment more over long periods of time than will modern surface mining, provided proper restoration procedures are followed after surface mining. Subsidence depressions and pits are a continuing hazard to the environment and to man's activities 5-20 km north of Sheridan, Wyo., above mines that were abandoned 25-80 years ago where the overburden is weak and is less than about 60 m thick. In addition, fires commonly start by spontaneous combustion when water and air enter the abandoned mine workings via subsidence cracks and pits. The fires can then spread to unmined coal as they create more cavities, more subsidence, and more cracks and pits through which air can circulate.
In modern surface mining operations the total land surface underlain by minable coal is removed to expose the coal. The coal is removed, the overburden and topsoil are replaced, and the land regraded and revegetated. The land, although disturbed, can be more easily restored and put back into use than land underlain by abandoned underground mine workings in areas where the overburden is less than about 60 m thick. The resource recovery of modern surface mining also is much greater than that of underground mining procedures.
Although present-day underground mining technology is advanced as compared to that of 25-80 years ago, subsidence resulting from mining of thick coal beds beneath overburden less than about 60 m thick by underground methods can cause greater damage to surface drainage, ground water, and vegetation than can properly designed surface mining operations. This report briefly discusses the geology and surface and underground effects of former large-scale underground mining in a 50 km2 area north of Sheridan, Wyo. and describes some environmental consequences and problems caused by mining.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78473","usgsCitation":"Dunrud, C., and Osterwald, F.W., 1978, Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-473, iii, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78473.","productDescription":"iii, 71 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424155,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0473/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0473/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.73961450431369,\n 44.834802347205994\n ],\n [\n -107.73961450431369,\n 42.749396299259615\n ],\n [\n -106.16856958243883,\n 42.749396299259615\n ],\n [\n -106.16856958243883,\n 44.834802347205994\n ],\n [\n -107.73961450431369,\n 44.834802347205994\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db6160ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunrud, C. Richard","contributorId":48964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunrud","given":"C. Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterwald, Frank W.","contributorId":98301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterwald","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":67222,"text":"i1047 - 1978 - Geologic map of the central far side of the Moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T16:34:52.246632","indexId":"i1047","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1047","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geologic map of the central far side of the Moon","docAbstract":"This map is one of a series of geologic maps that will cover the entire Moon at a scale of 1:5,000,000. The geology of the central far side is compiled largely from NASA Lunar Orbiter and Apollo photographs and Soviet Zond photographs; the discussion and interpretation of geologic units incorporate the geochemical and geophysical data obtained from orbiting spacecraft. Geologic units are based on the stratigraphic framework established by Shoemaker and Hackman (1962) as subsequently revised (summarized by McCauly, 1967; Wilhelms, 1970; Mutch, 1972; Stuart-Alexander and Wilhelms, 1975). Description of map units is brief because they largely follow units described on the nearside 1:5,000,000 map of Wilhelms and McCauley (1971). The reader unfamiliar with lunar maps, mapping principles, and terminology is referred to that map. Only new units and features or units whose origins are still much in doubt are discussed here.
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