{"pageNumber":"584","pageRowStart":"14575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184858,"records":[{"id":70216016,"text":"70216016 - 2020 - Does channel narrowing by floodplain growth necessarily indicate sediment surplus? Lessons from sediment‐transport analyses in the Green and Colorado rivers, Canyonlands, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T13:18:49.006877","indexId":"70216016","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-13T07:12:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5739,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","onlineIssn":"2169-9011","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does channel narrowing by floodplain growth necessarily indicate sediment surplus? Lessons from sediment‐transport analyses in the Green and Colorado rivers, Canyonlands, Utah","docAbstract":"

Analyses of suspended sediment transport provide valuable insight into the role that sediment supply plays in causing geomorphic change. The sediment supply within a river system evolves depending on the discharge, flood frequency and duration, changes in sediment input, and ecohydraulic conditions that modify sediment transport processes. Changes in supply can be evaluated through analyses of coupled changes in suspended sediment concentration and grain size. The concentration of sand in transport in the Green and Colorado Rivers is most strongly controlled by discharge and the bed sand grain size distribution. Since the 1950s, sand loads have decreased in response to declines in peak discharge in the Green River and coarsening of the bed sand in the Colorado River. However, changes in the bed sand grain size distribution are associated with large changes in suspended sand concentration in both rivers; concentration varies by a factor of ~3 in the Green River and a factor of ~8 in the Colorado River, depending on the bed sand grain size distribution. Analyses of hysteresis in suspended sediment measurements show that sediment depletion during annual floods is most strongly controlled by flood duration, with peak discharge being nearly equally important in the Green River. Despite channel narrowing in both rivers, periods of bed sand coarsening and sediment depletion during annual floods indicate that these rivers are not necessarily in sediment surplus. Channel narrowing appears to be strongly controlled by short‐term declines in flood magnitude and the ecohydraulic effects of vegetation and may not be indicative of the long‐term sediment budget.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019JF005414","usgsCitation":"Dean, D.J., Topping, D.J., Grams, P.E., Walker, A., and Schmidt, J.C., 2020, Does channel narrowing by floodplain growth necessarily indicate sediment surplus? Lessons from sediment‐transport analyses in the Green and Colorado rivers, Canyonlands, Utah: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, v. 125, no. 11, e2019JF005414, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JF005414.","productDescription":"e2019JF005414, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117224","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KT3GOS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Suspended-sediment, bed-sediment, and in-channel topographical data at the Green River at Mineral Bottom near Canyonlands National Park, and Colorado River at Potash, UT stream gages"},{"id":380064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Canyonlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.55816650390625,\n 38.12807521211548\n ],\n [\n -109.45404052734375,\n 38.12807521211548\n ],\n [\n -109.45404052734375,\n 39.16201148082406\n ],\n [\n -110.55816650390625,\n 39.16201148082406\n ],\n [\n -110.55816650390625,\n 38.12807521211548\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, David J. 0000-0003-0203-088X djdean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-088X","contributorId":131047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"David","email":"djdean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":140985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":216115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walker, Alexander E.","contributorId":244324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Alexander E.","affiliations":[{"id":48889,"text":"Salt Lake City Department of Engineering, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216793,"text":"70216793 - 2020 - QCam: sUAS-based doppler radar for measuring river discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T19:41:18.421688","indexId":"70216793","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T10:33:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"QCam: sUAS-based doppler radar for measuring river discharge","docAbstract":"
The U.S. Geological Survey is actively investigating remote sensing of surface velocity and river discharge (discharge) from satellite-, high altitude-, small, unmanned aircraft systems- (sUAS or drone), and permanent (fixed) deployments. This initiative is important in ungaged basins and river reaches that lack the infrastructure to deploy conventional streamgaging equipment. By coupling alternative discharge algorithms with sensors capable of measuring surface velocity, streamgage networks can be established in regions where data collection was previously impractical or impossible. To differentiate from satellite or high-altitude platforms, near-field remote sensing is conducted from sUAS or fixed platforms. QCam is a Doppler (velocity) radar mounted and integrated on a 3DR© Solo sUAS. It measures the along-track surface velocity by spot dwelling in a river cross section at a vertical where the maximum surface velocity is recorded. The surface velocity is translated to a mean-channel (mean) velocity using the probability concept (PC), and discharge is computed using the PC-derived mean velocity and cross-sectional area. Factors including surface-scatterer quality, flight altitude, propwash, wind drift, and sample duration may affect the radar-returns and the subsequent computation of mean velocity and river discharge. To evaluate the extensibility of the method, five science flights were conducted on four rivers of varying size and dynamics and included the Arkansas River, Colorado (CO), USA (two events); Salcha River near Salchaket, Alaska (AK), USA; South Platte River, CO, USA; and the Tanana River, AK, USA. QCam surface velocities and river discharges were compared to conventional streamgaging methods, which represented truth. QCam surface velocities for the Arkansas River, Salcha River, South Platte River, and Tanana River were 1.02 meters per second (m/s) and 1.43 m/s; 1.58 m/s; 0.90 m/s; and 2.17 m/s, respectively. QCam discharges (and percent differences) were 9.48 (0.3%) and 20.3 cubic meters per second (m3/s) (2.5%); 62.1 m3/s (−10.4%); 3.42 m3/s (7.3%), and 1579 m3/s (−18.8%). QCam results compare favorably with conventional streamgaging and are a viable near-field remote sensing technology that can be operationalized to deliver real-time surface velocity, mean velocity, and river discharge, if cross-sectional area is available.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs12203317","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.W., Anderson, I., Chiu, C., Sommer, W., Adams, J., Moramarco, T., Bjerklie, D.M., Fulford, J.M., Sloan, J.L., Best, H., Conaway, J.S., Kang, M.J., Kohn, M.S., Nicotra, M.J., and Pulli, J.J., 2020, QCam: sUAS-based doppler radar for measuring river discharge: Remote Sensing, v. 12, no. 20, 3317, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203317.","productDescription":"3317, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097112","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203317","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381038,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Isaac E.","contributorId":245497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Isaac E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiu, C.-L.","contributorId":225683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiu","given":"C.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12465,"text":"University of Pittsburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sommer, Wolfram","contributorId":245498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sommer","given":"Wolfram","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Josip 0000-0001-8470-4141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-4141","contributorId":217936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moramarco, Tommaso 0000-0002-9870-1694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-1694","contributorId":225686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moramarco","given":"Tommaso","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41180,"text":"IRPI-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bjerklie, David M. 0000-0002-9890-4125 dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-4125","contributorId":3589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"David","email":"dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sloan, Jeff L. jlsloan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"Jeff","email":"jlsloan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Best, Heather 0000-0003-0764-3060","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0764-3060","contributorId":225684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Best","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kang, Michelle J. 0000-0003-0246-6851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-6851","contributorId":245500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":806280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Nicotra, Matthew J. 0000-0002-0152-6261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-6261","contributorId":225682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicotra","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Pulli, Jeremy J.","contributorId":245501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pulli","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70216778,"text":"70216778 - 2020 - Soil respiration response to rainfall modulated by plant phenology in a montane meadow, East River, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T12:44:09.603958","indexId":"70216778","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T09:51:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7359,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil respiration response to rainfall modulated by plant phenology in a montane meadow, East River, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"

Soil respiration is a primary component of the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, predicting the response of soil respiration to climate change remains a challenge due to the complex interactions between environmental drivers, especially plant phenology, temperature, and soil moisture. In this study, we use a 1‐D diffusion‐reaction model to calculate depth‐resolved CO2 production rates from soil CO2 concentrations and surface efflux observations in a subalpine meadow in the East River watershed, CO. Modeled rates are compared to in situ soil temperature and moisture conditions and MODIS satellite enhanced vegetation index (EVI) representing plant phenology across three hydrologically distinct growing seasons from 2016–2018. While soil respiration correlated with temperature on diel timescales (p < 0.05), seasonal variability was dominated by soil moisture and plant phenology (p < 0.05). We observed significant respiration increases in response to precipitation events; however, magnitude and duration were significantly higher in 2017 than 2016 despite similar wetting characteristics. Based on MODIS EVI, we suggest that the respiration response to rainfall is controlled by plant phenology, which in turn reflects the capacity of plants to respond to precipitation via increased photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration, behavior that is not captured in typical soil respiration pulse models. Projected changes in montane climate such as earlier snowmelt and prolonged fore‐summer drought may decrease soil respiration fluxes by decreasing the overlap between peak productivity and the summer monsoon. Finally, we observed significant late season CO2 fluxes from the deep subsoil (>165 cm) that support growing evidence for the importance of subsoil processes in driving integrated respiration fluxes.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JG005924","usgsCitation":"Winnick, M., Lawrence, C.R., McCormick, M., Druhan, J., and Maher, K., 2020, Soil respiration response to rainfall modulated by plant phenology in a montane meadow, East River, Colorado, USA: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, v. 125, no. 10, e2020JG005924, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005924.","productDescription":"e2020JG005924, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108485","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1664387","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"East River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.061767578125,\n 38.50626606567193\n ],\n [\n -106.82968139648436,\n 38.50626606567193\n ],\n [\n -106.82968139648436,\n 38.922023851268925\n ],\n [\n -107.061767578125,\n 38.922023851268925\n ],\n [\n -107.061767578125,\n 38.50626606567193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winnick, Mathew","contributorId":245458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winnick","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey R. 0000-0001-6143-7781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-7781","contributorId":202390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, Maeve","contributorId":245459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCormick","given":"Maeve","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Druhan, Jennifer","contributorId":245460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Druhan","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":36403,"text":"University of Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maher, Kate","contributorId":245461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maher","given":"Kate","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216568,"text":"70216568 - 2020 - Compounding effects of white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle, and fire threaten four white pine species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-25T14:59:30.635993","indexId":"70216568","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T08:40:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compounding effects of white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle, and fire threaten four white pine species","docAbstract":"

Invasive pathogens and bark beetles have caused precipitous declines of various tree species around the globe. Here, we characterized long‐term patterns of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae; MPB) attacks and white pine blister rust, an infectious tree disease caused by the pathogen, Cronartium ribicola. We focused on four dominant white pine host species in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI), including sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), western white pine (P. monticola), whitebark pine (P. albicaulis), and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana). Between 2013 and 2017, we resurveyed 152 long‐term monitoring plots that were first surveyed and established between 1995 and 1999. Overall extent (plots with at least one infected tree) of white pine blister rust (blister rust) increased from 20% to 33%. However, the infection rate across all species decreased from 5.3% to 4.2%. Blister rust dynamics varied greatly by species, as infection rate decreased from 19.1% to 6.4% in sugar pine, but increased in western white pine from 3.0% to 8.7%. For the first time, blister rust was recorded in whitebark pine, but not foxtail pine plots. MPB attacks were highest in sugar pines and decreased in the higher elevation white pine species, whitebark and foxtail pine. Both blister rust and MPB were important factors associated with elevated mortality in sugar pines. We did not, however, find a relationship between previous fires and blister rust occurrence. In addition, multiple mortality agents, including blister rust, fire, and MPB, contributed to major declines in sugar pine and western white pine; recruitment rates were much lower than mortality rates for both species. Our results highlighted that sugar pine has been declining much faster in SEKI than previously documented. If blister rust and MPB trends persist, western white pine may follow similar patterns of decline in the future. Given current spread patterns, blister rust will likely continue to increase in higher elevations, threatening subalpine white pines in the southern Sierra Nevada. More frequent long‐term monitoring efforts could inform ongoing restoration and policy focused on threats to these highly valuable and diverse white pines.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3263","usgsCitation":"Dudney, J.C., Nesmith, J.C., Cahill, M., Cribbs, J.E., Duriscoe, D.M., Das, A., Stephenson, N.L., and Battles, J.J., 2020, Compounding effects of white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle, and fire threaten four white pine species: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e03263, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3263.","productDescription":"e03263, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119965","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3263","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park, Sequioia National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.31427001953125,\n 35.52552053465406\n ],\n [\n -117.7679443359375,\n 35.52552053465406\n ],\n [\n -117.7679443359375,\n 37.07271048132943\n ],\n [\n -119.31427001953125,\n 37.07271048132943\n ],\n [\n -119.31427001953125,\n 35.52552053465406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudney, Joan C","contributorId":245215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudney","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":33770,"text":"University of California at Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nesmith, Jonathan C B","contributorId":245216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nesmith","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C B","affiliations":[{"id":49124,"text":"National Park Service, Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahill, Matthew","contributorId":245219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cribbs, Jennifer E","contributorId":245220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cribbs","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":49124,"text":"National Park Service, Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duriscoe, Dan M","contributorId":245221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duriscoe","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Das, Adrian 0000-0002-3937-2616 adas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-2616","contributorId":201236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Adrian","email":"adas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Battles, John J.","contributorId":102006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70216395,"text":"70216395 - 2020 - Drivers of wildfire carbon emissions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T16:52:12.468223","indexId":"70216395","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T07:36:10","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers of wildfire carbon emissions","docAbstract":"Increasing fire frequency and severity may shift boreal forests from carbon sinks to carbon sources and amplify climate warming. Analysis indicates that that fuel characteristics are important drivers of wildfire carbon emissions across a broad range of North America’s boreal forest.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41558-020-00922-6","usgsCitation":"Loehman, R.A., 2020, Drivers of wildfire carbon emissions: Nature Climate Change, v. 10, p. 1070-1071, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00922-6.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1070","endPage":"1071","ipdsId":"IP-121883","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loehman, Rachel A. 0000-0001-7680-1865 rloehman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-1865","contributorId":187605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loehman","given":"Rachel","email":"rloehman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":804891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70218020,"text":"70218020 - 2020 - The role of pre-magmatic rifting in shaping a volcanic continental margin: An example from the Eastern North American Margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T13:31:09.605389","indexId":"70218020","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T07:27:06","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7585,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research-- Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of pre-magmatic rifting in shaping a volcanic continental margin: An example from the Eastern North American Margin","docAbstract":"

Both magmatic and tectonic processes contribute to the formation of volcanic continental margins. Such margins are thought to undergo extension across a narrow zone of lithospheric thinning (~100 km). New observations based on existing and reprocessed data from the Eastern North American Margin contradict this hypothesis. With ~64,000 km of 2‐D seismic data tied to 40 wells combined with published refraction, deep reflection, receiver function, and onshore drilling efforts, we quantified along‐strike variations in the distribution of rift structures, magmatism, crustal thickness, and early post‐rift sedimentation under the shelf of Baltimore Canyon Trough (BCT), Long Island Platform, and Georges Bank Basin (GBB). Results indicate that BCT is narrow (80–120 km) with a sharp basement hinge and few rift basins. The seaward dipping reflectors (SDR) there extend ~50 km seaward of the hinge line. In contrast, the GBB is wide (~200 km), has many syn‐rift structures, and the SDR there extend ~200 km seaward of the hinge line. Early post‐rift depocenters at the GBB coincide with thinner crust suggesting “uniform” thinning of the entire lithosphere. Models for the formation of volcanic margins do not explain the wide structure of the GBB. We argue that crustal thinning of the BCT was closely associated with late syn‐rift magmatism, whereas the broad thinning of the GBB segment predated magmatism. Correlation of these variations to crustal terranes of different compositions suggests that the inherited rheology determined the premagmatic response of the lithosphere to extension.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JB019576","usgsCitation":"Lang, G., ten Brink, U., Hutchinson, D., Mountain, G., and Schattner, U., 2020, The role of pre-magmatic rifting in shaping a volcanic continental margin: An example from the Eastern North American Margin: Journal of Geophysical Research-- Solid Earth, v. 125, no. 11, e2020JB019576, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB019576.","productDescription":"e2020JB019576, 33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121253","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jb019576","text":"External Repository"},{"id":383254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lang, G. 0000-0002-6505-5163","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-5163","contributorId":250704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lang","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50227,"text":"Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":810238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":174836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mountain, G.S. 0000-0001-5221-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-0278","contributorId":250705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mountain","given":"G.S.","affiliations":[{"id":50229,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schattner, U. 0000-0002-4453-4552","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-4552","contributorId":174637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schattner","given":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":27488,"text":"Dr. Mosses Straus Dept of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70217569,"text":"70217569 - 2020 - Phylogenetic escape from pests reduces pesticides on some crop plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T13:27:13.231465","indexId":"70217569","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-12T07:25:11","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogenetic escape from pests reduces pesticides on some crop plants","docAbstract":"

Pesticides are a ubiquitous component of conventional crop production but come with considerable economic and ecological costs. We tested the hypothesis that variation in pesticide use among crop species is a function of crop economics and the phylogenetic relationship of a crop to native plants because unrelated crops accrue fewer herbivores and pathogens. Comparative analyses of a dataset of 93 Californian crops showed that more valuable crops and crops with close relatives in the native plant flora received greater pesticide use, explaining roughly half of the variance in pesticide use among crops against pathogens and herbivores. Phylogenetic escape from arthropod and pathogen pests results in lower pesticides, suggesting that the introduced status of some crops can be leveraged to reduce pesticides.

","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2013751117","usgsCitation":"Pearse, I., and Rosenheim, J., 2020, Phylogenetic escape from pests reduces pesticides on some crop plants: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 117, no. 43, p. 26849-26853, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013751117.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"26849","endPage":"26853","ipdsId":"IP-120433","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455079,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7604411","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TIK3JP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Californian crop pests, pesticide applications, and phylogenetic information of crops"},{"id":382488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenheim, Jay 0000-0002-9228-4754","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9228-4754","contributorId":248267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenheim","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70275351,"text":"70275351 - 2020 - Production of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi is not enhanced by ingestion of the diatom Aulacoseira granulata during a bloom","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-30T15:40:07.728338","indexId":"70275351","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Production of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi is not enhanced by ingestion of the diatom Aulacoseira granulata during a bloom","title":"Production of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi is not enhanced by ingestion of the diatom Aulacoseira granulata during a bloom","docAbstract":"

In 2016, a massive bloom of the chain-forming diatom Aulacoseira granulata occurred in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California, with chlorophyll concentrations up to 75 μg Chl L−1. In this study, quantitative PCR was used to investigate consumption of the bloom organism by the numerically dominant zooplankter Pseudodiaptomus forbesi (Copepoda: Calanoida) and to estimate the contribution of the bloom to egg production. Copepods were collected on four transects during May and June 2016; egg production rates were somewhat elevated above previous rates measured in the estuary. Ingestion of A. granulata was highest on the first sampling day, just after the peak of the bloom, ranging from 175 to 945 cells copepod−1 day−1. One month later ingestion rates dropped to 0–130 cells copepod−1 day−1, despite continued dominance of A. granulata in the plankton. Ingestion of A. granulata provided from 0 to 21% (median 1%) of the estimated daily carbon required for growth and reproduction of P. forbesi. Although the copepods probably obtained nutrition from a microbial food web stimulated by the bloom, monitoring data showed little demographic response to this bloom. Thus, a massive diatom bloom in an unproductive estuary provided only a minor stimulus through an abundant consumer to the pelagic food web.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s12237-020-00843-9","usgsCitation":"Jungbluth, M., Lee, C., Patel, C., Ignoffo, T., Bergamaschi, B.A., and Kimmerer, W., 2020, Production of the copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi is not enhanced by ingestion of the diatom Aulacoseira granulata during a bloom: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 44, p. 1083-1099, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-020-00843-9.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1083","endPage":"1099","ipdsId":"IP-122872","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503677,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.86384518599071,\n 38.551746882271686\n ],\n [\n -122.86384518599071,\n 37.964152235171184\n ],\n [\n -121.55136224897903,\n 37.964152235171184\n ],\n [\n -121.55136224897903,\n 38.551746882271686\n ],\n [\n -122.86384518599071,\n 38.551746882271686\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jungbluth, Michelle J.","contributorId":350360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jungbluth","given":"Michelle J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Calvin","contributorId":370673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Calvin","affiliations":[{"id":88059,"text":"San Francisco State University, Estuary & Ocean Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patel, Cheryl","contributorId":370674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patel","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[{"id":88059,"text":"San Francisco State University, Estuary & Ocean Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ignoffo, Toni","contributorId":329469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ignoffo","given":"Toni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78606,"text":"Estuary and Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim","contributorId":349907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","affiliations":[{"id":83531,"text":"Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70215396,"text":"70215396 - 2020 - Four-dimensional thermal evolution of the East African Orogen: Accessory phase petrochronology of crustal profiles through the Tanzanian Craton and Mozambique Belt, northeastern Tanzania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-17T15:47:10.208804","indexId":"70215396","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T10:39:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Four-dimensional thermal evolution of the East African Orogen: Accessory phase petrochronology of crustal profiles through the Tanzanian Craton and Mozambique Belt, northeastern Tanzania","docAbstract":"

U–Pb petrochronology of deep crustal xenoliths and outcrops across northeastern Tanzania track the thermal evolution of the Mozambique Belt and Tanzanian Craton following the Neoproterozoic East African Orogeny (EAO) and subsequent Neogene rifting. At the craton margin, the upper–middle crust record thermal quiescence since the Archean (2.8–2.5 Ga zircon, rutile, and apatite in granite and amphibolite xenoliths). The lower crust of the craton documents thermal pulses associated with Neoarchean ultra-high temperature metamorphism (ca. 2.64 Ga, > 900 °C zircon), the EAO (600–500 Ma rutile), and fluid influx during rifting (< 5 Ma apatite). Rutile in garnet granulite xenoliths exhibits partial Pb loss related to slow cooling of the lower crust after the EAO and suggests residence at 500–600 °C prior to entrainment. In contrast to the craton, the entire crust of the Mozambique Belt underwent differential cooling following the EAO. Both the upper and middle crust record metamorphism from 640 to 560 Ma (zircon, monazite, and titanite) and rapid exhumation at 510–440 Ma (rutile and apatite). Lower crustal xenoliths contain Archean zircon, but near-zero age rutile and apatite, indicating residence > 650 °C (above Pb closure of rutile and apatite) at the time of eruption. Zoned titanite records growth during cooling of the lower crust at 550 Ma, followed by fluid influx during slow cooling and exhumation (0.1–1 °C/Myr after 450 Ma). Permissible lower-crustal temperatures for the craton and orogen suggest variable mantle heat flow through the crust and reflect differences in mantle lithosphere thickness rather than advective heating from rifting.


","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-020-01737-6","usgsCitation":"Apen, F.E., Rudnick, R.L., Cottle, J., Kylander-Clark, A., Blondes, M., Piccoli, P., and Seward, G., 2020, Four-dimensional thermal evolution of the East African Orogen: Accessory phase petrochronology of crustal profiles through the Tanzanian Craton and Mozambique Belt, northeastern Tanzania: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 175, no. 11, 97, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-020-01737-6.","productDescription":"97, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117363","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"East African Rift System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 26.015625000000007,\n -16.97274101999901\n ],\n [\n 40.25390625000001,\n -16.97274101999901\n ],\n [\n 40.25390625000001,\n 1.0546279422758997\n ],\n [\n 26.015625000000007,\n 1.0546279422758997\n ],\n [\n 26.015625000000007,\n -16.97274101999901\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"175","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Apen, Francisco E.","contributorId":243307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Apen","given":"Francisco","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudnick, Roberta L.","contributorId":243308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudnick","given":"Roberta","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cottle, John M.","contributorId":243309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cottle","given":"John M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kylander-Clark, Andrew R.C.","contributorId":243310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kylander-Clark","given":"Andrew R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blondes, Madalyn S. 0000-0003-0320-0107 mblondes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-0107","contributorId":3598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blondes","given":"Madalyn S.","email":"mblondes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piccoli, Phil","contributorId":243311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piccoli","given":"Phil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seward, Gareth","contributorId":243312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seward","given":"Gareth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70260189,"text":"70260189 - 2020 - Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-30T13:48:22.975458","indexId":"70260189","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T08:38:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust","docAbstract":"

In continental arcs, the exposure of primitive eruptive products at the surface is typically a result of rapid magmatic transfer through the crust. As a result, the initially primitive magma experiences minimal crustal residence and thus insignificant differentiation towards more evolved products. This rapid transfer of primitive magma through thickened crust is commonly recorded from smaller, monogenetic cinder cones. Manantial Pelado (35.5° S) is a long-lived stratocone in the Southern Andean Volcanic Zone (SVZ) overlying thick continental crust (45–50 km) that produces almost exclusively mafic material. As Manantial Pelado is surrounded by extensive silicic volcanism, the study of its mafic exposure as a stratocone can be used to further understand magmatic origins of long-lived volcanic systems. Our study uses textural, geochemical, and geochronological data from lavas collected from Manantial Pelado to characterize its magmatic petrogenesis, assess the primitive nature, and explain processes in the crust within the SVZ. A geologic description of the volcano reveals a mostly monotonous eruptive history of basaltic andesites that are now accessible through glacially carved valleys. New 40Ar/39Ar dating constrains most of the volcano’s cone constructing phase to last from ~ 220 to 190 ka. At ~ 30 ka, small-volume activity and different petrography of more intermediate magmas were present reflecting a change in the volcano’s character. A combination of the whole-rock and mineral-scale data reveals that basaltic andesites at Manantial Pelado are among the most primitive magmas in the thickened crust of the SVZ. Evidence for this primitive signature consists of textural and zonation patterns in olivine, the presence of Cr-spinel in olivine cores, and elevated Fo and Ni content within olivine cores. This data combined with elemental diffusion modeling provides evidence for a primitive signature for these lavas. Intermediate Fo olivines with uniform core compositions (Fo80–84) suggest that basaltic andesites reside in the crust in quasi-closed system environments for extended storage prior to eruption (~ 25–6000 years). Diffusive equilibration in those intermediate Fo olivines masks the primitive nature of the magmas. These results suggest that mafic magmas can have a protracted storage history in the crust that does not significantly alter their primitive bulk composition before reaching the surface. We argue that these are important processes in understanding the magmatic origin of long-lived systems and the presence of compositionally homogenous olivines at intermediate Fo content may represent cryptic evidence for recharge with primitive magmas that experienced prolonged crustal storage.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-020-01406-3","usgsCitation":"Winslow, H., Ruprecht, P., Stelten, M.E., and Amigo, A., 2020, Evidence for primitive magma storage and eruption following prolonged equilibration in thickened crust: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 82, 69, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-020-01406-3.","productDescription":"69, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120597","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":463429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Manantial Pelado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.48782312280931\n ],\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.86478726958381\n ],\n [\n -70.51553281855436,\n -35.86478726958381\n ],\n [\n -70.51553281855436,\n -35.48782312280931\n ],\n [\n -71.12460848108275,\n -35.48782312280931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winslow, Heather 0000-0001-6664-6339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-6339","contributorId":345733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winslow","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruprecht, Philipp","contributorId":199796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruprecht","given":"Philipp","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35453,"text":"University of Leeds, UK","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stelten, Mark E. 0000-0002-5294-3161 mstelten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3161","contributorId":145923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelten","given":"Mark","email":"mstelten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amigo, Alvaro","contributorId":173513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amigo","given":"Alvaro","affiliations":[{"id":27236,"text":"SERNAGEOMIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215356,"text":"70215356 - 2020 - Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T16:39:00.408384","indexId":"70215356","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T08:22:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier","docAbstract":"

Tributaries provide spawning habitat for three of four major sub-stocks of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus). Despite anthropogenic degradation and the extirpation of other potamodromous species, the Maumee River, Ohio, USA continues to support one of the largest fish migrations in the Laurentian Great Lakes. To determine if spawning habitat availability and quality could limit production of Maumee River walleye, two habitat suitability models were created for the lower 51 km of the Maumee River and the distribution and numbers of walleye eggs deposited in a 25 km stretch of river were assessed. Walleye eggs were collected using a diaphragm pump at 7 and 10 sites from March/April to May 2014 and 2015. The habitat suitability models showed that <3% of the river yielded ‘good’ walleye spawning habitat and 11–38% yielded ‘moderate’ walleye spawning habitat, depending on the model. However, a large set of rapids at river kilometer 28 and more than five river kilometers of less suitable habitat separated areas of ‘good’ habitat. The rapids may present a migratory barrier for many spawning walleye, as modeled water velocities exceed maximum estimated walleye swim speeds 71–100% of days during pre-spawn migration and spawning during the study period. In both study years, there was a sharp decline in mean egg numbers from spawning sites downstream of the rapids (439.7 eggs/2 min tow ± 990.6 SD) to upstream sites (5.9 eggs/2 min tow ± 19.4 SD). Physical barriers like rapids may reduce spawning habitat connectivity and could limit walleye production in the Maumee River.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.022","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, B., Tucker, T., Collier, J., Mayer, C., Roseman, E., Stott, W., and Pritt, J., 2020, Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 46, no. 6, p. 1661-1673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.022.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1661","endPage":"1673","ipdsId":"IP-115670","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9214IQU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Walleye (Sander vitreus) egg deposition and spawning habitat suitability in the Maumee River, OH (2014-2015)"},{"id":379460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.36975097656249,\n 41.68111756290652\n ],\n [\n -83.47412109375,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -84.232177734375,\n 41.47977575214487\n ],\n [\n -84.638671875,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -84.5947265625,\n 41.08763212467916\n ],\n [\n -83.81469726562499,\n 41.33970040774419\n ],\n [\n -83.5015869140625,\n 41.51269075845857\n ],\n [\n -83.36975097656249,\n 41.68111756290652\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Brian 0000-0001-7067-6194","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7067-6194","contributorId":242674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":13589,"text":"Ohio DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Taaja 0000-0003-1534-4677","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-4677","contributorId":217908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Taaja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collier, Jessica","contributorId":242677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collier","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, Christine","contributorId":237769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":47604,"text":"University of Toledo, Lake Erie Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stott, Wendylee 0000-0002-5252-4901 wstott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5252-4901","contributorId":191249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"Wendylee","email":"wstott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pritt, Jeremy J.","contributorId":138591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pritt","given":"Jeremy J.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70216942,"text":"70216942 - 2020 - Comment on “Female toads engaging in adaptive hybridization prefer high-quality heterospecifics as mates”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T14:11:55.656041","indexId":"70216942","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T08:09:39","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “Female toads engaging in adaptive hybridization prefer high-quality heterospecifics as mates”","docAbstract":"

Chen and Pfennig (Reports, 20 March 2020, p. 1377) analyze the fitness consequences of hybridization in toads but do not account for differences in survival among progeny. Apparent fitness effects depend on families with anomalously low survival, yet survival is crucial to evolutionary fitness. This and other analytical shortcomings demonstrate that a conclusion of adaptive mate choice is not yet justified.

","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.abd3905","usgsCitation":"Braun, M.J., Wilkinson, G.S., and Cade, B.S., 2020, Comment on “Female toads engaging in adaptive hybridization prefer high-quality heterospecifics as mates”: Science, v. 370, no. 6513, eabd3905, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3905.","productDescription":"eabd3905, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120884","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3905","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"370","issue":"6513","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braun, Michael J. 0000-0001-8844-1756","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-1756","contributorId":245790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braun","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":49326,"text":"Smithonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkinson, Gerald S. 0000-0001-7799-8444","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-8444","contributorId":245791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70215178,"text":"70215178 - 2020 - Estimating the net costs of brine production and disposal to expand pressure-limited dynamic capacity for basin-scale CO2 storage in a saline formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-09T12:45:17.757956","indexId":"70215178","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T07:39:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2049,"text":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the net costs of brine production and disposal to expand pressure-limited dynamic capacity for basin-scale CO2 storage in a saline formation","docAbstract":"

If carbon capture and storage (CCS) needs to be deployed at basin- or larger-scale, it is likely that multiple sites will be injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into the same geologic formation. This could lead to excessive pressure buildup, overlapping induced pressure fronts, and pressure interference with neighboring uses of the subsurface. Extracting the in situ brine from the storage formation could be necessary to relieve pressure constraints; control migration of the CO2 plume, displaced brine, and the induced pressure front; and sequester more CO2 while reducing potential risks. Such active pressure management could be very costly, and it could present a formidable economic constraint on the feasible scale of deployment of CCS. Alternatively, there may be high-injectivity zones (“storage sweet spots”) where a significant volume of CO2 could be stored without producing brine. For simulated deployment of CO2 storage sites across the Illinois Basin, the results of this study suggest that brine production could be required to sequester 20 % or more of the regional CO2 emissions of major stationary sources in the Mount Simon Sandstone saline formation. In some cases, brine production could expand pressure-limited CO2 storage capacity enough to more than compensate for the additional costs of pressure management, but only if produced brine could be cheaply reinjected onsite for disposal in an overlying geologic formation. With or without brine production, this study found that the lowest-cost deployment option was to inject CO2 only into a potential storage sweet spot of the Mount Simon Sandstone.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103161","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.T., and Jahediesfanjani, H., 2020, Estimating the net costs of brine production and disposal to expand pressure-limited dynamic capacity for basin-scale CO2 storage in a saline formation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, v. 102, 103161, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103161.","productDescription":"103161, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112472","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -88.24218749999999,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -88.87939453125,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -89.6484375,\n 40.713955826286046\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 37.80544394934271\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 37.56199695314352\n ],\n [\n -87.07763671875,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -85.3857421875,\n 38.37611542403604\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -84.4189453125,\n 40.413496049701955\n ],\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -85.869140625,\n 41.49212083968776\n ],\n [\n -87.03369140625,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"102","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Steven T. 0000-0003-3481-3424 sanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3481-3424","contributorId":2532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Steven","email":"sanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jahediesfanjani, Hossein 0000-0001-6281-5166 hjahediesfanjani@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-5166","contributorId":193397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jahediesfanjani","given":"Hossein","email":"hjahediesfanjani@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":801073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70216162,"text":"70216162 - 2020 - Imaging the tectonic grain of the Northern Cordillera orogen using Transportable Array receiver functions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-09T21:26:07.128755","indexId":"70216162","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T07:36:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging the tectonic grain of the Northern Cordillera orogen using Transportable Array receiver functions","docAbstract":"

Azimuthal variations in receiver function conversions can image lithospheric structural contrasts and anisotropic fabrics that together compose tectonic grain. We apply this method to data from EarthScope Transportable Array in Alaska and additional stations across the northern Cordillera. The best‐resolved quantities are the strike and depth of dipping fabric contrasts or interfaces. We find a strong geographic gradient in such anomalies, with large amplitudes extending inboard from the present‐day subduction margin, the Aleutian arc, and an influence of flat‐slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate north of the Denali fault. An east–west band across interior Alaska shows low‐amplitude crustal anomalies. Anomaly amplitudes correlate with structural intensity (density of aligned geological elements), but are the highest in areas of strong Cenozoic deformation, raising the question of an influence of current stress state. Imaged subsurface strikes show alignment with surface structures. We see concentric strikes around arc volcanoes implying dipping magmatic structures and fabric into the middle crust. Regions with present‐day weaker deformation show lower anomaly amplitudes but structurally aligned strikes, suggesting pre‐Cenozoic fabrics may have been overprinted or otherwise modified. We observe general coherence of the signal across the brittle‐plastic transition. Imaged crustal fabrics are aligned with major faults and shear zones, whereas intrafault blocks show imaged strikes both parallel to and at high angles to major block‐bounding faults. High‐angle strikes are subparallel to neotectonic deformation, seismicity, fault lineaments, and prominent metallogenic belts, possibly due to overprinting and/or co‐evolution with fault‐parallel fabrics. We suggest that the underlying tectonic grain in the northern Cordillera is broadly distributed rather than strongly localized. Receiver functions thus reveal key information about the nature and continuity of tectonic fabrics at depth and can provide unique insights into the deformation history and distribution of regional strain in complex orogenic belts.

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Vera 0000-0002-6057-5637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6057-5637","contributorId":244614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulte-Pelkum","given":"Vera","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48947,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":804262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Becker, Thorsten W 0000-0002-5656-4564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-4564","contributorId":244615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Thorsten","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":48948,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences and Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215180,"text":"70215180 - 2020 - Micro-geographic variation in burrow use of Agassiz’s desert tortoises in the Sonoran Desert of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-09T12:35:41.521628","indexId":"70215180","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T07:22:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7150,"text":"The Herpetological Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Micro-geographic variation in burrow use of Agassiz’s desert tortoises in the Sonoran Desert of California","docAbstract":"

Little has been published regarding the burrowing habits of Agassiz’s desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) in the Sonoran Desert of California. We monitored the interactions of tortoises with their burrows, and other tortoises, via radio-telemetry at two nearby sites between the Cottonwood and Orocopia Mountains, from 2015-2018. We examined how annual cycles of drought and non-drought years, behaviourally affected how tortoises use their burrows (i.e., burrow fidelity, cohabitation,
and location), including the timing of the tortoise brumation period. Burrow locations were strongly dependent on local geology and topography, with a tendency to orientate in conformance with the general aspect of the landscape. The timing of brumation was similar to records for G. agassizii throughout their range (with a few exceptions). There was no difference in the estimated number of burrows used per 30 days between the active seasons (2017 and 2018) at the Orocopia site, despite the occurrence of drought in 2018.

","language":"English","publisher":"British Herpetological Society","doi":"10.33256/hj30.4.177188","usgsCitation":"Cummings, K.L., Lovich, J.E., Puffer, S., Arundel, T.R., and Brundige, K., 2020, Micro-geographic variation in burrow use of Agassiz’s desert tortoises in the Sonoran Desert of California: The Herpetological Journal, v. 30, no. 4, p. 177-188, https://doi.org/10.33256/hj30.4.177188.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-114020","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.33256/hj30.4.177188","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.70227050781249,\n 32.676372772089834\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 32.676372772089834\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -116.70227050781249,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -116.70227050781249,\n 32.676372772089834\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, Kristy L. 0000-0002-8316-5059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5059","contributorId":202061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"Kristy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puffer, Shellie R. 0000-0003-4957-0963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-0963","contributorId":193099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puffer","given":"Shellie R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arundel, Terence R. 0000-0003-0324-4249 tarundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0324-4249","contributorId":139242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Terence","email":"tarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brundige, Kathleen D.","contributorId":225577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brundige","given":"Kathleen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215379,"text":"70215379 - 2020 - Four decades of land-cover change on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Detecting disturbance-influenced vegetation shifts using landsat legacy data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T11:48:29.969933","indexId":"70215379","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T06:45:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2596,"text":"Land","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Four decades of land-cover change on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Detecting disturbance-influenced vegetation shifts using landsat legacy data","docAbstract":"
Across Alaska’s Kenai Peninsula, disturbance events have removed large areas of forest over the last half century. Simultaneously, succession and landscape evolution have facilitated forest regrowth and expansion. Detecting forest loss within known pulse disturbance events is often straightforward given that reduction in tree cover is a readily detectable and measurable land-cover change. Land-cover change is more difficult to quantify when disturbance events are unknown, remote, or environmental response is slow in relation to human observation. While disturbance events and related land-cover change are relatively instant, assessing patterns of post-disturbance succession requires long term monitoring. Here, we describe a method for classifying land cover and quantifying land-cover change over time, using Landsat legacy imagery for three historical eras on the western Kenai Peninsula: 1973–2002, 2002–2017, and 1973–2017. Scenes from numerous Landsat sensors, including summer and winter seasons, were acquired between 1973 and 2017 and used to classify vegetation cover using a random forest classifier. Land-cover type was summarized by era and combined to produce a dataset capturing spatially explicit land-cover change at a moderate 30-m resolution. Our results document large-scale forest loss across the study area that can be attributed to known disturbance events including beetle kill and wildfire. Despite numerous and extensive disturbances resulting in forest loss, we estimate that the study area has experienced net forest gain over the duration of our study period due to reforestation within large fire events that predate this study. Transition between forest and graminoid non-forest land cover including wetlands and herbaceous uplands is the most common land-cover change—representing recruitment of a graminoid dominated understory following forest loss and the return of forest canopy given sufficient time post-disturbance. 
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/land9100382","usgsCitation":"Baughman, C., Loehman, R.A., Magness, D.R., Saperstein, L., and Sherriff, R., 2020, Four decades of land-cover change on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Detecting disturbance-influenced vegetation shifts using landsat legacy data: Land, v. 9, no. 10, 382, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/land9100382.","productDescription":"382, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116240","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455092,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land9100382","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92BGHW1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Land Cover Estimates for the Kenai Peninsula Lowlands; 1973, 2002, and 2017"},{"id":379452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 59.0405546167585\n ],\n [\n -147.48046875,\n 59.0405546167585\n ],\n [\n -147.48046875,\n 61.52269494598361\n ],\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 61.52269494598361\n ],\n [\n -153.10546875,\n 59.0405546167585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loehman, Rachel A. 0000-0001-7680-1865 rloehman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-1865","contributorId":187605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loehman","given":"Rachel","email":"rloehman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":801905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magness, Dawn R.","contributorId":243262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magness","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saperstein, Lisa","contributorId":218974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saperstein","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sherriff, Rosemary L.","contributorId":243263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherriff","given":"Rosemary L.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228541,"text":"70228541 - 2020 - Methods for estimating vital rates of greater sage-grouse broods: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T20:52:41.251421","indexId":"70228541","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T15:52:18","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods for estimating vital rates of greater sage-grouse broods: A review","docAbstract":"

Biologists use a variety of methods to estimate productivity and resource selection of birds. The effectiveness and suitability of each method depends on the study's objectives, but is also influenced by many important traits, including detection probability, disturbance of focal birds and sampling frequency. We reviewed 504 greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus papers published from 1990 to 2019 to document the most common brood survey methods used by investigators and summarized if and how they used brood survey data to estimate brood survival and detection probability. Of the 504 papers, 16.1% (n = 81) had useful information relevant to the review. The most common methods included daytime visual surveys (46.9%; n = 38), daytime flush surveys (33.3%; n = 27), nocturnal spotlight surveys (19.8%; n = 16), radio-tagged chicks (16.0%; n = 13), wing surveys (9.9%; n = 8), brood routes (4.9%; n = 4) and pointing dogs (4.9%; n = 4). Fifty-nine of the 81 papers used >1 method, only 2 of the 81 papers measured or reported detection probability, and none reported the level of disturbance caused by the method. Studies varied widely regarding the age of the brood when brood fate was confirmed (x̄ = 44.4 days post-hatch, range 14–84 days). The frequency of brood sampling visits also varied greatly among studies (range = 1.19–3.85 surveys/brood/week) and this variation complicates comparison in fecundity and survival estimates across studies. Furthermore, 35 papers used >1 maternal behavior as purported indicators of brood fate, but none of them documented how accurate their indicators were. Future studies could reduce variance in estimates of sage-grouse fecundity and brood survival by employing empirical methods to estimate detection probability, standardizing brood sampling methods and conducting trials to document the effects of hen or brood capture, handling and flushing on brood survival estimates. Moreover, the accuracy of commonly used indicators of brood fate, including maternal behaviors, flocking behavior and distance moved after flush needs verification.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2981/wlb.00700","usgsCitation":"Riley, I.P., and Conway, C.J., 2020, Methods for estimating vital rates of greater sage-grouse broods: A review: Wildlife Biology, v. 4, wlb.00700, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00700.","productDescription":"wlb.00700, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117997","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00700","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riley, Ian P.","contributorId":272044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215393,"text":"70215393 - 2020 - Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-17T15:25:20.524564","indexId":"70215393","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T10:20:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska","docAbstract":"

Arctic and boreal lake greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are an important component of regional carbon (C) budgets. Yet the magnitude and seasonal patterns of lake GHG emissions are poorly constrained, because sampling is limited in these remote landscapes, particularly during winter and shoulder seasons. To better define patterns of under ice GHG content (and emissions potential at spring thaw), we surveyed carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) concentrations and stable isotopic composition during winter of 2017 in 13 lakes in the arid Yukon Flats Basin of interior Alaska, USA. Partial pressures of CO2 and CH4 ranged over three orders of magnitude, were positively correlated, and CO2 exceeded CH4 at all but one site. Shallow, organic matter-rich lakes located at lower elevations tended to have the highest concentrations of both gases, though CH4 content was more heterogeneous and only abundant in oxygen-depleted lakes, while CO2 was negatively correlated to oxygen content. Isotopic values of CO2 spanned a narrow range (−10‰ to −23‰) compared to CH4, which ranged over 50‰ (−19‰ to −71‰), indicating CH4 source pathways and sink strength varied widely between lakes. Miller-Tans and Keeling plots qualitatively suggested two groups of lakes were present; one with isotopically enriched source CH4 possibly more dominated by acetoclastic methanogenesis, and one with depleted signatures suggesting a dominance of the hydrogenotrophic production. Overall, regional lake differences in winter under ice GHG content appear to track landscape position, oxygen, and organic matter content and composition, causing patterns to vary widely even within a relatively small geographic area of interior Alaska.

","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/abb493","usgsCitation":"O’Dwyer, M., Butman, D., Striegl, R.G., Dornblaser, M.M., Wickland, K.P., Kuhn, C.D., and Bogard, M.J., 2020, Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska: Environmental Research Letters, v. 15, no. 10, 105016, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb493.","productDescription":"105016, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116217","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb493","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.677734375,\n 66.05371622067922\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 66.05371622067922\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 68.47992564291266\n ],\n [\n -149.677734375,\n 68.47992564291266\n ],\n [\n -149.677734375,\n 66.05371622067922\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Dwyer, Madeline","contributorId":243303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Dwyer","given":"Madeline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, David","contributorId":224754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butman","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":16962,"text":"U. Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":801987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark M. 0000-0002-6298-3757 mmdornbl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757","contributorId":1636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","email":"mmdornbl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuhn, Catherine D. 0000-0002-9220-630X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9220-630X","contributorId":213255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bogard, Matthew J. 0000-0001-9491-0328","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9491-0328","contributorId":213254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogard","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70205608,"text":"sim3443 - 2020 - Geologic map of the greater Portland metropolitan area and surrounding region, Oregon and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-10T17:43:21.40102","indexId":"sim3443","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T09:21:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3443","displayTitle":"Geologic Map of the Greater Portland Metropolitan Area and Surrounding Region, Oregon and Washington","title":"Geologic map of the greater Portland metropolitan area and surrounding region, Oregon and Washington","docAbstract":"

The Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro Metropolitan Area (metro area) has great scenic, natural, and cultural resources and is the major economic hub of Oregon. The metro area is subject to a variety of geologic hazards. Underthrusting of the oceanic plate along the Cascadia plate boundary fault, or megathrust, deforms the leading edge of North America and produces earthquakes on the megathrust and in the overlying plate. Rising magma from the deeper parts of the subduction zone produces active volcanoes that form the Cascades Arc, including Mount Hood and Mount St. Helens visible from Portland. Both volcanism and strong ground-shaking from earthquakes have impacted the metro area, most recently in the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens and the 1993 magnitude (M) 5.7 Scotts Mills earthquake. Great offshore earthquakes as large as M 9 on the Cascadia megathrust have shaken the metro area every 500 years or so, most recently in 1700. Giant floods have inundated the metro area, from the ice age Missoula floods about 20,000 to 15,000 years ago to the flood generated by collapse of the Bridge of the Gods landslide dam on the Columbia River around 1421–1447 A.D.

Geologic resources of the metro area include the southern part of the Mist Natural Gas Storage Field in the northwest corner of the map area, the Columbia South Shore Well Field aquifer in the Portland Basin, the Columbia River Basalt aquifer of the Tualatin Basin, and the Tualatin Basin Aquifer Storage and Recovery projects. The metro area includes several well-known American Viticultural Areas in the western part of the map area and numerous transportation, electrical transmission, and pipeline corridors.

We created this map to provide a uniform, modern geologic database for the greater Portland metro area to better understand its tectonic setting, active faults, volcanoes, landslide hazards, and distribution of geologic materials and resources. Information in this database will be used to improve seismic hazard and resource assessments in this economically important region.

NOTE: The sheet 1 map was divided into two parts—sheet 1 (north) and sheet 1 (south)—to facilitate printing and plotting the map.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3443","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries and Washington Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Wells, R.E., Haugerud, R.A., Niem, A.R., Niem, W.A., Ma, L., Evarts, R.C., O’Connor, J.E., Madin, I.P., Sherrod, D.R., Beeson, M.H., Tolan, T.L., Wheeler, K.L., Hanson, W.B., and Sawlan, M.G., 2020, Geologic map of the greater Portland metropolitan area and surrounding region, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3443, pamphlet 55 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:63,360, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3443.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 55 p.; 2 Sheets: 58.43 x 60.16 inches and 38.76 x 30.86 inches; Table 3; Database; Metadata; Read Me","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081424","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396997,"rank":10,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_sheet1_south.pdf","text":"Sheet 1 South","size":"55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- NOTE: The sheet 1 map was divided into two parts—sheet 1 (north) and sheet 1 (south)—to facilitate printing and plotting the map."},{"id":396996,"rank":9,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_sheet1_north.pdf","text":"Sheet 1 North","size":"55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- NOTE: The sheet 1 map was divided into two parts—sheet 1 (north) and sheet 1 (south)—to facilitate printing and plotting the map."},{"id":376987,"rank":8,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/database","text":"Database directory"},{"id":376984,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/metadata","text":"Metadata directory"},{"id":376983,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_table3.xlsx","text":"Table 3","size":"110 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":376982,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":376981,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"80 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":376980,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_readme.txt","size":"5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":376979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/sim3443_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":376953,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3443/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Greater Portland metropolitan area and surrounding region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 44.95702412512118\n ],\n [\n -122.0855712890625,\n 44.95702412512118\n ],\n [\n -122.0855712890625,\n 46.145588688591964\n ],\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 46.145588688591964\n ],\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 44.95702412512118\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center
Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-08","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":149772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niem, Alan R.","contributorId":219264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niem","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Niem, Wendy A.","contributorId":219265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niem","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ma, Lina","contributorId":204020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Lina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32397,"text":"Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evarts, Russell C. 0000-0001-5103-9085","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-9085","contributorId":219266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evarts","given":"Russell C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":771837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Madin, Ian P.","contributorId":66404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madin","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Beeson, Marvin H.","contributorId":219267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeson","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tolan, Terry L.","contributorId":219268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tolan","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":39980,"text":"Intera Geoscience and Engineering Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wheeler, Karen L.","contributorId":219269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Karen L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hanson, William B.","contributorId":219270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":39981,"text":"private consultant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sawlan, Michael G. 0000-0003-0637-2051 msawlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-2051","contributorId":2291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawlan","given":"Michael","email":"msawlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70215551,"text":"70215551 - 2020 - Getting to the root of restoration: Considering root traits for improved restoration outcomes under drought and competition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T16:51:47.983035","indexId":"70215551","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T08:29:12","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Getting to the root of restoration: Considering root traits for improved restoration outcomes under drought and competition","docAbstract":"A foundational goal of trait‐based ecology, including trait‐based restoration, is to link specific traits to community assembly, biodiversity, and ecosystem function. Despite a growing awareness of the importance of belowground traits for ecological processes, a synthesis of how to root traits can inform restoration of terrestrial plant communities is lacking. We reviewed and summarized existing literature focused on root traits in relation to plant performance measures (i.e. survival, establishment, productivity) in the contexts of drought and competition (including invasion). Root traits related to belowground resource acquisition (e.g. high specific root length, deep roots) are frequently related to drought avoidance (i.e. a plant strategy based on optimizing water uptake to maintain function), whereas studies relating root traits to drought tolerance (i.e. a plant strategy that allows plants to withstand low hydration) remain limited. More studies have linked root traits to plant competitive effects (i.e. the influence of a plant has on neighbors) than to competitive responses (i.e. a plant's ability to resist the effects of neighbors). Because plants with acquisitive traits decrease resources to the detriment of neighbors, root traits associated with rapid resource acquisition (e.g. high specific root length) may be important for understanding competitive effects. Albeit more limited, research suggests root traits associated with resource conservation or stress tolerance (e.g. high root tissue density, high root diameter) may elucidate mechanisms related to competitive responses. Re‐vegetation outcomes may be improved by considering root traits, but only if clear links are made between traits and plant performance in varied contexts.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.13291","usgsCitation":"Garbowski, M., Avera, B., Bertram, J.H., Courkamp, J., Gray, J., Hein, K., Lawrence, R., McIntosh, M., McClelland, S., Post, A., Slette, I.J., Winkler, D.E., and Brown, C.S., 2020, Getting to the root of restoration: Considering root traits for improved restoration outcomes under drought and competition: Restoration Ecology, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1384-1395, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13291.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1384","endPage":"1395","ipdsId":"IP-120212","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13291","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbowski, M.","contributorId":243608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garbowski","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Avera, B.","contributorId":243609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Avera","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bertram, J. H.","contributorId":243610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertram","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Courkamp, J.S.","contributorId":243611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courkamp","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, J.","contributorId":100683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hein, K.M.","contributorId":243612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hein","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lawrence, R.","contributorId":101430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McIntosh, M.","contributorId":243613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McClelland, S.","contributorId":95633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClelland","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Post, A.","contributorId":51033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Post","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Slette, Ingrid J.","contributorId":187583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slette","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Winkler, Daniel E. 0000-0003-4825-9073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4825-9073","contributorId":206786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Brown, C. S.","contributorId":80675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70215232,"text":"70215232 - 2020 - A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T16:42:07.776742","indexId":"70215232","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T07:35:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species","docAbstract":"

The state of an ecosystem is governed by dynamic biotic and abiotic processes, which can only be partially observed. Costs associated with measuring each component limit the feasibility of comprehensive assessments of target ecosystems. Instead, indicator species are recommended as a surrogate index. While this is an attractive concept, indicator species have rarely proven to be an effective tool for monitoring ecosystems and informing management decisions. One deficiency in the existing theoretical development of indicator species may be overcome with the incorporation of latent (i.e. unobservable) states. Advancements in quantitative ecological models allow for latent‐state models to be tested empirically, facilitating the robust evaluation and practical use of indicator species for ecosystem science and management. Here, we extend the existing conceptual models of indicator species to include a direct relationship between an indicator species, ecosystem change drivers and latent processes and variables. Our approach includes explicit consideration of important estimation uncertainty and narrows the range of values a latent variable may take by relating it to measurable attribute(s) of an indicator species. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by relating a commonly cited indicator species, the red‐backed salamander Plethodon cinereus, to a typical latent process of interest – ecosystem health.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/oik.07334","usgsCitation":"Fleming, J.E., Sutherland, C., Sterrett, S., and Campbell Grant, E.H., 2020, A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species: Oikos, v. 129, no. 12, p. 1753-1762, https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.07334.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1753","endPage":"1762","ipdsId":"IP-118473","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, Jillian Elizabeth 0000-0003-2570-914X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-914X","contributorId":238931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutherland, Chris","contributorId":150670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutherland","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sterrett, Sean C 0000-0003-1356-2785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2785","contributorId":242972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterrett","given":"Sean C","affiliations":[{"id":38445,"text":"Monmouth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70214611,"text":"sim3463 - 2020 - Bathymetry of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1–3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1–4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-07T23:40:27.941947","indexId":"sim3463","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T15:35:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3463","displayTitle":"Bathymetry of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1–3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1–4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2019","title":"Bathymetry of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1–3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1–4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2019","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA), carried out bathymetric and topographic surveys to characterize the volume of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1–3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1–4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado. Bathymetric maps of each lake and reservoir are presented with figures of the elevation-volume curves. The bathymetric surveys were carried out from October 15, 2019, to December 12, 2019, using a manually operated, boat-mounted, single-beam echo sounder integrated with a Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems receiver. Topographic surveys were carried out during the same time period using Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System to collect elevation data at and above the water surface and up to the elevation of the dam or spillway at the time of the surveys. The topographic and bathymetric datasets were imported into Esri ArcMap 10.7.1. The combined survey points were then interpolated into digital elevation models, which were used to determine lake or reservoir volumes that correspond to water-surface elevations between the lakebed and the approximate top of the dam or spillway.

This report provides an updated characterization of storage capacity and improved understanding of present (2019) water capacity in the lakes and reservoirs at the USAFA. In addition, these surveys serve as a baseline that could be compared with future surveys of the lakes and reservoirs. The differences in these and future surveys could then be used to determine sedimentation infill rates and provide estimates of the lifespan of the lakes and reservoirs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3463","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Academy","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., and Hempel, L.A., 2020, Bathymetry of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1–3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1–4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3463, pamphlet 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3463.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 12 p.; 1 Sheet: 36.00 x 32.00 inches; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-114390","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378914,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3463/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378915,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3463/sim3463_map.pdf","text":"Map","size":"9.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3463"},{"id":378917,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LTH0RO","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Survey and Bathymetric Data of Deadmans Lake, Golf Course Reservoir 9, Ice Lake, Kettle Lakes 1-3, and Non-Potable Reservoirs 1-4 at the U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2019 (ver. 1.1, June 2020)"},{"id":378916,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3463/sim3463_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"1.17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Colorado Springs","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Airforce Academy","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.91188049316406,\n 38.91561302513129\n ],\n [\n -104.77867126464842,\n 38.93163900447185\n ],\n [\n -104.8267364501953,\n 39.03731965210478\n ],\n [\n -104.92767333984374,\n 39.03731965210478\n ],\n [\n -104.91188049316406,\n 38.91561302513129\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 415
Denver, CO 80225

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","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-07","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hempel, Laura A. 0000-0001-5020-6056","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5020-6056","contributorId":224286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hempel","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214981,"text":"ofr20201077 - 2020 - Development of a suite of functional immune assays and initial assessment of their utility in wild smallmouth bass health assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T19:49:56.75641","indexId":"ofr20201077","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T10:05:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1077","displayTitle":"Development of a Suite of Functional Immune Assays and Initial Assessment of Their Utility in Wild Smallmouth Bass Health Assessments","title":"Development of a suite of functional immune assays and initial assessment of their utility in wild smallmouth bass health assessments","docAbstract":"

Methods were developed for measuring immune function in Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass). The ultimate objective is to monitor and evaluate changes over time in immune status and disease resistance in conjunction with other characteristics of fish health and environmental stressors. To test these methods for utility in ecotoxicological studies, 192 smallmouth bass, age 2 years and older, were collected from three sites within the Susquehanna River Basin and one site in the Ohio River Basin during spring and fall 2016 and 2017. The anterior kidney was aseptically removed and homogenized for leukocyte isolation. Leukocytes were tested for bactericidal activity against two species of bacteria; respiratory burst activity when stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; and mitogenesis activity when stimulated with concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and lipopolysaccharide. Tissues were preserved for histopathological analyses.

Two of the sites were part of a monitoring program at which surface-water samples were collected monthly (bimonthly in spring) for chemical contaminants. Significant seasonal and (or) site differences in all three immune function tests were observed. Interpretations of seasonal trends in immune function of wild fish or correlations with environmental variables and other factors are difficult to make owing to the complex nature of the immune response and the environment. Differences in immune function could potentially be related to a variety of confounding factors; therefore, additional endpoints and repeated sampling over an extended period are essential to draw conclusions on the immune status of wild fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.R., Ottinger, C.A., Walsh, H.L., and Blazer, V.S., 2020, Development of a suite of functional immune assays and initial assessment of their utility in wild smallmouth bass health assessments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1077, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201077.","productDescription":"vii, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118051","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379041,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1077/ofr20201077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1077"},{"id":379040,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1077/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Tionesta Lake, Pine Creek, Upper Juniata River, West Branch Mahantango Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.79919433593749,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -77.38220214843749,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -77.38220214843749,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -79.79919433593749,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -79.79919433593749,\n 41.30257109430557\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville, WV 25430

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","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-07","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Cheyenne R. 0000-0002-7226-1774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-1774","contributorId":219236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Cheyenne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":800493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ottinger, Christopher A. 0000-0003-2551-1985 cottinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":2559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Christopher","email":"cottinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, Heather L. 0000-0001-6392-4604 hwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-4604","contributorId":4696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Heather","email":"hwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215540,"text":"70215540 - 2020 - Yellowstone's Old Faithful Geyser shut down by a severe 13th century drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T14:47:58.754297","indexId":"70215540","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T09:43:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yellowstone's Old Faithful Geyser shut down by a severe 13th century drought","docAbstract":"

To characterize eruption activity of the iconic Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone National Park over past centuries, we obtained 41 new radiocarbon dates of mineralized wood preserved in the mound of silica that precipitated from erupted waters. Trees do not grow on active geyser mounds, implying that trees grew on the Old Faithful Geyser mound during a protracted period of eruption quiescence. Rooted stumps and root crowns located on higher parts of the mound are evidence that at the time of tree growth, the geyser mound closely resembled its current appearance. The range of calibrated radiocarbon dates (1233–1362 CE) is coincident with a series of severe multidecadal regional droughts toward the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly, prior to the onset of the Little Ice Age. Climate models project increasingly severe droughts by mid‐21st century, suggesting that geyser eruptions could become less frequent or completely cease.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL089871","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., King, J., Pederson, G.T., Martin, J.T., Damby, D., Manga, M., Hungerford, J., and Peek, S., 2020, Yellowstone's Old Faithful Geyser shut down by a severe 13th century drought: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 20, e2020GL089871, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089871.","productDescription":"e2020GL089871, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121756","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LEQ5HC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Silicified wood from around Old Faithful Geyser, Yellowstone National Park"},{"id":379654,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.060791015625,\n 43.810747313446996\n ],\n [\n -109.44030761718749,\n 43.810747313446996\n ],\n [\n -109.44030761718749,\n 45.00947686967287\n ],\n [\n -111.060791015625,\n 45.00947686967287\n ],\n [\n -111.060791015625,\n 43.810747313446996\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, John","contributorId":243582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":48739,"text":"Lon Pine Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Justin T. 0000-0002-3523-6596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-6596","contributorId":215418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":243583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hungerford, Jefferson","contributorId":243584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hungerford","given":"Jefferson","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peek, Sara 0000-0002-9770-6557","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-6557","contributorId":209971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peek","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70215372,"text":"70215372 - 2020 - Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T13:01:02.459958","indexId":"70215372","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T07:58:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes","docAbstract":"

Earthquakes produce a spectrum of elastic and inelastic deformation processes that are reflected across various length and time scales. While elasticity has long dominated research assumptions in active tectonics, increasing interest has focused on the inelastic characteristics of earthquakes, particularly those of the surface fault rupture zone itself, and how they relate to ground rupture hazard and the mechanics of damage zones. Here we present detailed co-seismic surface-strain analysis of the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquakes. We derive three-dimensional high-resolution surface displacements from satellite optical imagery, which we then invert for the co-seismic surface-strain tensors. We show that fault-zone dilation is pervasive throughout these earthquakes and that inelastic failure is present but relatively localized (median width of 31 m). The width of the inelastic failure zone is not correlated to off-fault deformation, surface geology or displacement magnitude. Instead, the extent and kinematics of inelastic failure reflect active, mylonitic deformation of the fault damage zone that is influenced by rupture velocity and fault maturity. These results highlight how a single earthquake contributes to the long-term, permanent geologic record of faulting.


","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-020-0628-8","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, W., Gold, R.D., and Hollingsworth, J., 2020, Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes: Nature Geoscience, v. 13, p. 699-704, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0628-8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"704","ipdsId":"IP-119584","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-03062390","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QRZ6NR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Displacement and strain field from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes derived from analysis of WorldView optical satellite imagery (ver. 2.0, May 2021)"},{"id":379457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.960205078125,\n 35.37113502280101\n ],\n [\n -117.366943359375,\n 35.37113502280101\n ],\n [\n -117.366943359375,\n 35.84008157153468\n ],\n [\n -117.960205078125,\n 35.84008157153468\n ],\n [\n -117.960205078125,\n 35.37113502280101\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, William D. 0000-0003-0498-1697","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-1697","contributorId":192730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hollingsworth, James","contributorId":238812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollingsworth","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}