{"pageNumber":"585","pageRowStart":"14600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184858,"records":[{"id":70218453,"text":"70218453 - 2020 - Habitat characterization and species distribution model of the only large-lake population of the endangered Silver Chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland 1844)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-26T13:59:53.610438","indexId":"70218453","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T07:55:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat characterization and species distribution model of the only large-lake population of the endangered Silver Chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland 1844)","docAbstract":"

The endangered Silver Chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland 1844) is native to North America and primarily riverine, with the only known large‐lake population in Lake Erie. Once a major component of the Lake Erie fish community, it declined and became nearly extirpated in the mid‐1900s. Recent collections in western Lake Erie suggest that Silver Chub may be able to recover, but their habitat and distribution are poorly known. A recent work showed an extensive area of western Lake Erie with the potential to support large numbers of Silver Chub, but was based on a geographically limited dataset. We developed a neural network‐based species distribution model for the Silver Chub in western Lake Erie, improved by new synoptic data and using habitat variables resistant to anthropogenic activities. The Potential model predictions were compared with a model that included anthropogenic‐sensitive variables. The Potential model used 10 habitat variables and performed well, explaining > 99% of data variation and had generally low error rates. Predictions indicated that a large area of the waters approximately 2–9 m deep contained Appropriate habitat and the highest abundances should be supported by habitat in a wide arc through the western end of the basin. The model indicated that Appropriate Silver Chub habitat was associated with relatively deep water, near coastal wetlands, where effective fetch is less than average. Disturbance model predictions were similar, but predicted poorer Silver Chub habitat in more areas than that predicted by the Potential model. Our Potential model reveals Appropriate habitat conditions for Silver Chub and its spatial distribution, indicating that extensive areas of western Lake Erie could support Silver Chub. Comparisons with Disturbance model predictions demonstrate that Potential model predictions may be used in conjunction with analyses of degrading conditions in the system to better conserve and manage for this endangered species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.6830","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J.E., and Kocovsky, P., 2020, Habitat characterization and species distribution model of the only large-lake population of the endangered Silver Chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland 1844): Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 21, p. 12076-12090, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6830.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"12076","endPage":"12090","ipdsId":"IP-062648","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6830","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.8916015625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -81.05712890625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -81.05712890625,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -83.8916015625,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -83.8916015625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":195894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215189,"text":"70215189 - 2020 - A novel approach for next generation water use mapping using Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T15:15:46.334579","indexId":"70215189","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T07:27:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A novel approach for next generation water use mapping using Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data","docAbstract":"

Evapotranspiration (ET) is needed in a range of applications in hydrology, climatology, ecology, and agriculture. Remote sensing-based estimation is the only viable and economical method for ET estimation over large areas. The current Landsat satellites provide images every 16 days limiting the ability to capture biophysical changes affecting ET. Thus, we explored the potential integration of Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data for estimating ET using a surface energy balance model. The results indicate the proposed Landsat-Sentinel data fusion approach substantially reduced relative errors from 48% to 10% on area-wide and from 49% to 17% on pixel-wide compared to linear interpolation between two Landsat images. The proposed approach had a better agreement with expected actual ET maps across high-vegetation conditions than in low-vegetation conditions. The finer temporal resolution and better accuracy of ET maps based on Landsat-Sentinel integration is of great importance in managing limited water resources.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626667.2020.1817461","usgsCitation":"Singh, R., Khand, K.B., Kagone, S., Schauer, M., Senay, G., and Wu, Z., 2020, A novel approach for next generation water use mapping using Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 65, no. 14, p. 2508-2519, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2020.1817461.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2508","endPage":"2519","ipdsId":"IP-113350","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2020.1817461","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"Palo Verde Irrigation District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.9444580078125,\n 32.9764120829052\n ],\n [\n -114.3402099609375,\n 32.9764120829052\n ],\n [\n -114.3402099609375,\n 33.911454454267606\n ],\n [\n -114.9444580078125,\n 33.911454454267606\n ],\n [\n -114.9444580078125,\n 32.9764120829052\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singh, Ramesh 0000-0002-8164-3483","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-3483","contributorId":210983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"Ramesh","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khand, Kul Bikram 0000-0002-1593-1508","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-1508","contributorId":242921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khand","given":"Kul","email":"","middleInitial":"Bikram","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kagone, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":216913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kagone","given":"Stefanie","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schauer, Matthew 0000-0002-4198-3379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-3379","contributorId":216909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wu, Zhuoting 0000-0001-7393-1832 zwu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1832","contributorId":4953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Zhuoting","email":"zwu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70217169,"text":"70217169 - 2020 - Seismic reflection imaging of the low-angle Panamint normal fault system, eastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T13:33:13.082193","indexId":"70217169","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T07:25:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic reflection imaging of the low-angle Panamint normal fault system, eastern California","docAbstract":"

Shallowly dipping (<30°) low‐angle normal faults (LANFs) have been documented globally; however, examples of active LANFs in continental settings are limited. The western margin of the Panamint Range in eastern California is defined by a LANF that dips west beneath Panamint Valley and has evidence of Quaternary motion. In addition, high‐angle dextral‐oblique normal faults displace middle to late Quaternary alluvial fans near the range front. To image shallow (<1 km depth), crosscutting relationships between the low‐ and high‐angle faults along the range front, we acquired two high‐resolution P wave seismic reflection profiles. The northern, 4.6‐km‐long profile crosses the 2‐km‐wide Wildrose graben and the southern, 0.8‐km‐long profile extends onto the Panamint Valley playa, ~7.5 km S of Ballarat, CA. The profile across the Wildrose graben reveals a robust, low‐angle reflector interpreted to represent the LANF separating Plio‐Pleistocene alluvial fanglomerate and Proterozoic metasedimentary deposits. High‐angle faults interpreted in the seismic profile correspond to fault scarps on Quaternary alluvial fan surfaces. Interpretation of the reflection data suggests that the high‐angle faults vertically displace the LANF up to 80 m within the Wildrose graben. Similarly, the profile south of Ballarat reveals a low‐angle reflector, which appears both rotated and displaced up to 260 m by high‐angle faults. These results suggest that near the Panamint range front, the high‐angle faults are the dominant active structures. We conclude that at least at shallow (<1 km) depths, the LANF we imaged is not active today.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JB020243","usgsCitation":"Gold, R.D., Stephenson, W.J., Briggs, R.W., DuRoss, C., Kirby, E., Woolery, E.W., Delano, J., and Odum, J., 2020, Seismic reflection imaging of the low-angle Panamint normal fault system, eastern California: JGR Solid Earth, v. 125, no. 11, e2020JB020243, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB020243.","productDescription":"e2020JB020243, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122325","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455104,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/gb19fg41w","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YY18PF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Seismic reflection imaging of the low-angle Panamint normal fault system, eastern California, 2018"},{"id":382016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Panamint Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -116.3671875,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -116.3671875,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 34.95799531086792\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirby, Eric 0000-0002-5701-8688","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-8688","contributorId":197171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirby","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woolery, Edward W 0000-0003-3398-5830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-5830","contributorId":192994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolery","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delano, Jaime 0000-0003-2601-2600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-2600","contributorId":225594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delano","given":"Jaime","affiliations":[{"id":6605,"text":"USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70215231,"text":"70215231 - 2020 - Spatiotemporal pattern of interactions between an apex predator and sympatric species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T16:39:26.143997","indexId":"70215231","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T07:04:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7153,"text":"Journal of Mammology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal pattern of interactions between an apex predator and sympatric species","docAbstract":"

Increases in apex predator abundance can influence the behavior of sympatric species, particularly when the available habitat and/or resources are limited. We assessed the temporal and spatiotemporal interactions between Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) and six focal sympatric species in South Florida, where Florida panther abundance has increased by more than 6-fold since the 1990’s. Using camera trap data, we quantified species’ diel activity patterns, temporal overlap, and time-to-encounter (i.e., time between consecutive visits of a Florida panther and a focal species and vice versa). The Florida panther and bobcat (Lynx rufus) displayed a nocturnal activity pattern; the black bear (Ursus americanus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) were mostly diurnal; and the raccoon (Procyon lotor) was cathemeral. Prey species and black bears minimized encounters with Florida panthers by being active during the day and displaying longer time-to-encounter, whereas Florida panthers visited a site after a prey species at higher probabilities than after competitor species, and were more likely to visit an elevated site or upland habitat. Our results suggest that interactions between Florida panthers and sympatric species in our study system are driven by species-specific behavioral responses. Gaining a better understanding of the crucial interactions driving species coexistence is important for a better understanding of the structure and function of ecological communities and help manage the potential expansion of the Florida panther into Central Florida.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaa071","usgsCitation":"Guitart, M.P., Onorato, D.P., Hines, J.E., and Oli, M.K., 2020, Spatiotemporal pattern of interactions between an apex predator and sympatric species: Journal of Mammology, v. 101, no. 5, p. 1279-1288, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa071.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1288","ipdsId":"IP-102728","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Central Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 26.31311263768267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guitart, Marta P 0000-0002-2368-1422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-1422","contributorId":242968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guitart","given":"Marta","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":38084,"text":"Univ. of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Onorato, David P","contributorId":242969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Onorato","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":48592,"text":"Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Comm.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oli, Madan K. 0000-0001-6944-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-0061","contributorId":201302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oli","given":"Madan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13453,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274784,"text":"70274784 - 2020 - Vegetation vs. anoxic controls on degradation of plant litter in a restored wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T13:38:43.045806","indexId":"70274784","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5738,"text":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation vs. anoxic controls on degradation of plant litter in a restored wetland","docAbstract":"

The ability of wetlands to accrete organic matter in response to rising sea level is a key to landscape resilience, especially in light of reduced sediment availability consequent to dam construction and channelization. This study examined the degradation of cattail (Typha spp.) and tule (Schoenoplectus acutus) litters in restored wetlands through the lens of lignin, a major structural biopolymer in vascular plants with degradation characteristics very sensitive to oxic versus anoxic conditions. A series of litterbags were deployed during the first 10 years after flooding of Deep (55 cm) and Shallow (25 cm) restored wetlands. As emergent marsh vegetation spread through the maturing wetlands, anoxic conditions were more prevalent and overall degradation rates of litter in litterbags were lower. In later experiments in the maturing wetlands, lignin was progressively enriched in litter as evidenced by carbon-normalized yields (Λ8) that increased in tule starting materials from 6.3 to 7.1 mg 100 mgOC–1 to as high as 9.9 mg 100 mgOC–1, and in cattail starting materials from 5.9 to 7.0 mg 100 mgOC–1 to as high as 10.9 mg 100 mgOC–1. However, in an experiment initiated soon after the restored wetlands were constructed, Λ8 in tule litter decreased from 6.8 to 3.6 mg 100 mgOC–1, highlighting the prevalence of initial oxic conditions. With the exception of the early oxic conditions for tule, there was an overall trend of decreasing lignin acid-to-aldehyde ratios with litter degradation, which runs counter to most studies in the literature. We hypothesize that this reflects the utilization of more oxygen-rich lignin components as electron acceptors in redox reactions. No consistent differences were observed in degradation patterns between the Shallow and Deep wetlands. There were distinct differences in lignin degradation in cattail (more resistant) versus tule (less resistant), which indicates that although anoxia may be the dominant control on organic matter accretion in wetlands, specific types of vegetation in restored or constructed wetlands affects organic matter preservation, and hence accretion. Thus, selective management of predominant species in wetlands may prove important for the ability of wetlands to maintain emergent vegetation during sea level rise and to preserve the overall stability of wetland soils.

","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2020.564603","usgsCitation":"Hernes, P.J., Miller, R.L., Dyda, R.Y., and Bergamaschi, B.A., 2020, Vegetation vs. anoxic controls on degradation of plant litter in a restored wetland: Frontiers in Environmental Science, v. 8, 564603, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.564603.","productDescription":"564603, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119215","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502354,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":502494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.564603","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Twitchell Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.68381283679834,\n 38.12416147877542\n ],\n [\n -121.68755028169036,\n 38.08707073917063\n ],\n [\n -121.67928640312594,\n 38.08780599701319\n ],\n [\n -121.66757273973434,\n 38.09442402508458\n ],\n [\n -121.65265808360306,\n 38.09467806713366\n ],\n [\n -121.63544357092064,\n 38.08904952104504\n ],\n [\n -121.6280522656029,\n 38.09589585522204\n ],\n [\n -121.62668326258334,\n 38.099398949521174\n ],\n [\n -121.61151764873418,\n 38.10516475690591\n ],\n [\n -121.61684341930066,\n 38.11624520495312\n ],\n [\n -121.65443009534332,\n 38.11969426991299\n ],\n [\n -121.66258531326154,\n 38.12254968333488\n ],\n [\n -121.66666292222067,\n 38.12397739004583\n ],\n [\n -121.67074053117977,\n 38.12540509675678\n ],\n [\n -121.68381283679834,\n 38.12416147877542\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hernes, Peter J. 0000-0001-7908-0936","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7908-0936","contributorId":329589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Robin L. 0000-0001-6931-3898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6931-3898","contributorId":369566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyda, Rachael Y. 0000-0002-4616-7231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-7231","contributorId":369567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyda","given":"Rachael","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":28024,"text":"UCDavis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70213240,"text":"sir20205054 - 2020 - Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on streams and rivers in Connecticut, based on data through water year 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:49:41.168644","indexId":"sir20205054","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5054","displayTitle":"Estimating Flood Magnitude and Frequency on Streams and Rivers in Connecticut, Based on Data Through Water Year 2015","title":"Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on streams and rivers in Connecticut, based on data through water year 2015","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Transportation, updated flood-frequency estimates with 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year recurrence intervals, respectively) for 141 streamgages in Connecticut and 11 streamgages in adjacent States using annual peak-flow data through water year 2015. Peak-flow regression equations were derived for estimating flows at ungaged stream sites with annual exceedance probabilities from 50 to 0.2 percent. Methods for estimating prediction intervals for the peak-flow regression equations are presented. The regression equations are applicable for basins in Connecticut with drainage areas ranging from 0.69 to 325 square miles that are not affected by flood-control regulation or flow diversions.

The flood discharges for select annual exceedance probabilities were estimated following new (2018) national guidelines for flood-frequency analyses. New guidelines have improved statistical methods for flood-frequency analysis including (1) the expected moments algorithm to help describe uncertainty in annual peak flows and to better represent missing and historical record and (2) the generalized multiple Grubbs-Beck test to screen out potentially influential low outliers and to better fit the upper end of the peak-flow distribution. Additionally, a new regional skew (0.37) derived for New England was used in the flood-frequency analysis for the streamgages.

Annual peak flows were analyzed for trends for four time periods (30, 50, 70, and 90 years) through 2015. Trend results show some statistical evidence of increasing peak flows in each of the time periods analyzed; however, multidecadal climate cycles may be influencing the number and magnitude of the trends. Historical peak-flow trends in and near Connecticut do not offer clear and convincing evidence for incorporating trends into flood-frequency analyses. For this study, the traditional assumption of stationarity is used with no adjustment for trends.

Generalized least squares regression techniques were used to develop the final set of multivariable regression equations for estimating flood discharges with 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities. The standard error of prediction for the regional regression equations ranged from 26.3 to 45.0 percent. The standard error of prediction was slightly smaller in the current study compared to the 2004 study, indicating an improvement in the predictive ability of the equations (6 percent smaller at the 50-percent annual exceedance probability to about 1 percent smaller at the 1-percent annual exceedance probability). Generalized least squares regression techniques also were used to develop a one-variable (drainage-area-only) equation. Drainage-area-only equations can be used as an alternative to the multiexplanatory variable statewide regression equations if decreased accuracy is acceptable.

The revised statistical procedures and additional streamgage data applied in the current study result in a more accurate representation of peak-flow conditions in Connecticut than was previously available. The regional regression equations will be integrated in the U.S. Geological Survey StreamStats program, which estimates basin and climatic characteristics and streamflow statistics at user-selected ungaged stream sites.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Ahearn, E.A., and Hodgkins, G.A., 2020, Estimating flood magnitude and frequency on streams and rivers in Connecticut, based on data through water year 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5054, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205054.","productDescription":"Report: v, 42 p.; 2 Tables; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108818","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378387,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EWHAYW","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Worksheet for computing annual exceedance probability flood discharges and prediction intervals at stream sites in Connecticut"},{"id":378386,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9S4F751","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Flood frequency and source data used in regional regression analysis of annual peak flows in Connecticut"},{"id":378381,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5054/coverthb.png"},{"id":378382,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5054/sir20205054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5054"},{"id":378383,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5054/sir20205054_table01.xlsx","text":"Table 1","size":"35.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Descriptions of U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Connecticut and adjacent States used in the flood-frequency analysis and regionalization of peaks flows in Connecticut"},{"id":378384,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5054/sir20205054_table01.csv","text":"Table 1","size":"33.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"linkHelpText":"- Descriptions of U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Connecticut and adjacent States used in the flood-frequency analysis and regionalization of peaks flows in Connecticut"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahearn, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-5633-2640 eaahearn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-2640","contributorId":194658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahearn","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eaahearn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":798678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214665,"text":"sir20205087 - 2020 - Transmissivity estimated from brief aquifer tests of domestic wells and compared with bedrock lithofacies and position on hillsides in the Appalachian Plateau of New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:42:12.920668","indexId":"sir20205087","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5087","displayTitle":"Transmissivity Estimated From Brief Aquifer Tests of Domestic Wells and Compared With Bedrock Lithofacies and Position on Hillsides in the Appalachian Plateau of New York","title":"Transmissivity estimated from brief aquifer tests of domestic wells and compared with bedrock lithofacies and position on hillsides in the Appalachian Plateau of New York","docAbstract":"

Procedures for undertaking and analyzing recovery from aquifer tests of 13 to 132 seconds (described in reports cited herein) were applied to 51 domestic drilled wells that penetrated bedrock outside major valleys in the part of the Appalachian Plateau of New York drained by the Susquehanna River. Transmissivities calculated from these tests ranged over three orders of magnitude in both the Catskill-Cattaraugus lithofacies (shales, mudstones, siltstones, medium to coarse sandstones, pebbly sandstones) and the Chemung-Hamilton lithofacies (shales, mudstones, siltstones, fine to medium sandstones). Median transmissivity values were 0.000425 foot squared per second (36.7 feet squared per day) in the Catskill-Cattaraugus lithofacies and 0.00055 foot squared per second (47.5 feet squared per day) in the Chemung-Hamilton lithofacies. The distributions of transmissivity values within the two lithofacies were likewise similar. The range and median values of transmissivity were also nearly the same on lower and midlevel hillsides and were only slightly greater on a few upper hillsides. Transmissivities estimated from such easily arranged and analyzed tests may be appropriate for estimating groundwater flux under the small gradients that prevail under natural conditions, but not under larger drawdowns and steeper gradients near clusters of domestic wells. Four of the 51 wells tested were also pumped for 10 to 32 minutes; analysis by the Theis recovery method yielded transmissivities consistent with the brief tests for 2 wells, but 7 to 9 times smaller for 2 wells.

Transmissivity values estimated by the PICKINGmodel were not significantly different from values estimated by an automated application of the Picking method (PPC-Recovery) at a probability of 95 percent. Transmissivities calculated by either method from data for time intervals of 120 seconds or less may be of limited practical value because they apply only to a small volume of bedrock close to the pumped well.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205087","usgsCitation":"Randall, A.D., and Mills, A.C., 2020, Transmissivity estimated from brief aquifer tests of domestic wells and compared with bedrock lithofacies and position on hillsides in the Appalachian Plateau of New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5087, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205087.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 21 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091051","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378953,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KLZD9M","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Field Data From Brief Aquifer Tests of Domestic Wells Penetrating Bedrock in the Appalachian Plateau of New York and Best Fits to Theoretical Curves of Aquifer Properties"},{"id":378951,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5087/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378952,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5087/sir20205087.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5087"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.2391357421875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -74.37744140625,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -74.37744140625,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -78.2391357421875,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -78.2391357421875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Randall, Allan D. arandall@usgs.gov","contributorId":1168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Allan","email":"arandall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, Andrew C.","contributorId":242016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215030,"text":"ofr20201110 - 2020 - A clarification on the effects of urbanization on Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) habitat selection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:34:36.833735","indexId":"ofr20201110","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T11:38:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1110","displayTitle":"A Clarification on the Effects of Urbanization on Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) Habitat Selection","title":"A clarification on the effects of urbanization on Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) habitat selection","docAbstract":"

Introduction

In 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published an Open-File Report (Tracey and others, 2018) presenting a Bayesian habitat selection model for golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in San Diego County, California. The model used telemetry data to examine the effects of urban development, exurban development, and topography (characterized by a topographic position index and a vector ruggedness measure, TPI and VRM respectively) on golden eagle habitat selection probability. Based on figures 3 and 6 of Tracey and others (2018), we received inquiries from cooperators (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Wildlife) about how the probability of eagle use declines with decreasing distance to the urban edge. Here, we clarify our results by addressing that question.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with San Diego Association of Governments, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management, and California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Tracey, J.A., Madden, M.C., Bloom, P.H., and Fisher, R.N., 2020, A clarification on the effects of urbanization on Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) habitat selection: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1110, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201110.","productDescription":"iv, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-121710","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1110/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":379082,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1110/ofr20201110.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":379083,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181067","text":"Open-File Report 2018-1067","linkHelpText":"- Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) habitat selection as a function of land use and terrain, San Diego County, California"}],"contact":"

Director,
Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tracey, Jeff A. 0000-0002-1619-1054 jatracey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-1054","contributorId":5780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracey","given":"Jeff","email":"jatracey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madden, Melanie C. 0000-0003-4147-7254 mmadden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4147-7254","contributorId":229684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"Melanie","email":"mmadden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bloom, Peter H.","contributorId":242659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloom","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215018,"text":"70215018 - 2020 - Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:25:31.548543","indexId":"70215018","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T11:16:30","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7136,"text":"Open Quaternary","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA","docAbstract":"

We infer a history of three great megathrust earthquakes during the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River estuary based on the lateral extent of sharp (≤3 mm) peat-mud stratigraphic contacts in cores and outcrops, coseismic subsidence as interpreted from fossil diatom assemblages and reconstructed with foraminiferal assemblages using a Bayesian transfer function, and regional correlation of 14C-modeled ages for the times of subsidence. A subsidence contact from 1700 CE (contact A), sometimes overlain by tsunami-deposited sand, can be traced over distances of 7 km. Contacts B and D, which record subsidence during two earlier megathrust earthquakes, are much less extensive but are traced across a 700-m by 270-m tidal marsh. Although some other Cascadia studies report evidence for an earthquake between contacts B and D, our lack of extensive evidence for such an earthquake may result from the complexities of preserving identifiable evidence of it in the rapidly shifting shoreline environments of the lower river and bay. Ages (95% intervals) and subsidence for contacts are: A, 1700 CE (1.1 ± 0.5 m); B, 942–764 cal a BP (0.7 ± 0.4 m and 1.0 m ± 0.4 m); and D, 1568–1361 cal a BP (1.0 m ± 0.4 m). Comparisons of contact subsidence and the degree of overlap of their modeled ages with ages for other Cascadia sites are consistent with megathrust ruptures many hundreds of kilometers long. But these data cannot conclusively distinguish among different types or lengths of ruptures recorded by the three great earthquake contacts at the Nehalem River estuary.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ubiquity Press","doi":"10.5334/oq.70","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.R., Hawkes, A.D., Sawai, Y., Engelhart, S.E., Witter, R., Grant-Walter, W.C., Bradley, L., Dura, T., Cahill, N., and Horton, B.P., 2020, Identifying the greatest earthquakes of the past 2000 years at the Nehalem River Estuary, Northern Oregon Coast, USA: Open Quaternary, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.5334/oq.70.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-112611","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5334/oq.70","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -123.77197265625,\n 43.723474896114794\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 47.84265762816538\n ],\n [\n -122.93701171874999,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -126.7822265625,\n 51.0275763378024\n ],\n [\n -128.56201171875,\n 50.86144411058924\n ],\n [\n -127.28759765624999,\n 49.31079887964633\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 46.619261036171515\n ],\n [\n -124.67285156250001,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 40.64730356252251\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkes, Andrea D.","contributorId":192811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkes","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawai, Yuki","contributorId":127509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawai","given":"Yuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6981,"text":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grant-Walter, Wendy C.","contributorId":242632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant-Walter","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":48492,"text":"P.O. Box 800, Harwich Port, MA 02646 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann","contributorId":193406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":195530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cahill, Niamh","contributorId":150754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Niamh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horton, Benajamin P.","contributorId":192918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Benajamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70215443,"text":"70215443 - 2020 - The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-20T13:57:30.629194","indexId":"70215443","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:49:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"

New 40Ar/39Ar and whole-rock geochemical data are used to develop a detailed eruptive chronology for Akutan volcano, Akutan Island, Alaska, USA, in the eastern Aleutian island arc. Akutan Island (166°W, 54.1°N) is the site of long-lived volcanism and the entire island comprises volcanic rocks as old as 3.3 Ma. Our current study is on the 225 km2 western half of the island, where our results show that the focus of volcanism has shifted over the last ∼700 k.y., and that on occasion, multiple volcanic centers have been active over the same period, including within the Holocene. Incremental heating experiments resulted in 56 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages and span 2.3 Ma to 9.2 ka.

Eruptive products of all units are primarily tholeiitic and medium-K, and range from basalt to dacite. Rare calc-alkaline lavas show evidence suggesting their formation via mixing of mafic and evolved magmas, not via crystallization-derived differentiation through the calc-alkaline trend. Earliest lavas are broadly dispersed and are almost exclusively mafic with high and variable La/Yb ratios that are likely the result of low degrees of partial mantle melting. Holocene lavas all fall along a single tholeiitic, basalt-to-dacite evolutionary trend and have among the lowest La/Yb ratios, which favors higher degrees of mantle melting and is consistent with the increased magma flux during this time. A suite of xenoliths, spanning a wide range of compositions, are found in the deposits of the 1.6 ka caldera-forming eruption. They are interpreted to represent completely crystallized liquids or the crystal residuum from tholeiitic fractional crystallization of the active Akutan magma system.

The new geochronologic and geochemical data are used along with existing geodetic and seismic interpretations from the island to develop a conceptual model of the active Akutan magma system. Collectively, these data are consistent with hot, dry magmas that are likely stored at 5−10 km depth prior to eruption. The prolonged eruptive activity at Akutan has also allowed us to evaluate patterns in lava-ice interactions through time as our new data and observations suggest that the influence of glaciation on eruptive activity, and possible magma composition, is more pronounced at Akutan than has been observed for other well-studied Aleutian volcanoes to the west.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35667.1","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., and Brian Jicha, 2020, The eruptive history, magmatic evolution, and influence of glacial ice at long-lived Akutan volcano, eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA: GSA Bulletin, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/B35667.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116599","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -152.9296875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -152.9296875,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -169.62890625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brian Jicha","contributorId":243421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brian Jicha","affiliations":[{"id":34113,"text":"University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215791,"text":"70215791 - 2020 - A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T16:02:35.274149","indexId":"70215791","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:40:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination","docAbstract":"

A successful management plan requires clear goals and a process for evaluation. Without them, managers risk operational shifts in which continuous changes disguised as improvements may have little beneficial effect. The conception, design, and operation of an electric barrier and fishway on the Pere Marquette River of Lake Michigan serve as an illustration. The Great Lakes Fishery Commission operated an electric weir to stop migration of adult sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) and a fishway to provide upstream passage of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during 2000–2009. The weir and fishway were successful in blocking some of the annual spawning run of sea lampreys (trapped an annual average of 439 sea lampreys) and it allowed passage of rainbow trout (an annual average of 6,091). Even with success that yielded an estimated density of 0.03 adult female sea lampreys per 100 m2 of larval habitat upstream of the weir, lampricide treatments continued because the weir still allowed establishment of substantial densities of larval sea lampreys. Our evaluation suggests that an in-stream barrier must approach 100% blockage of sea lampreys to eliminate large recruitment events. The failure of the weir to reduce lampricide treatments was due to an informally defined purpose and measures for success at the onset, the complexity of electric weir systems (and the operational problems created by such intricacy), and lack of recognition of the reduction in larval sea lamprey recruitment needed to succeed. Control of sea lampreys in the Pere Marquette River could have benefited from an adaptive management approach.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004","usgsCitation":"Tews, J., Adams, J.V., Mann, K., Koon, E., and Heinrich, J., 2020, A review of an electric weir and fishway in a Great Lakes tributary from conception to termination: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S297-S309, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"S297","endPage":"S309","ipdsId":"IP-111598","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Ludington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan, Pere Marquette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.94957452481934\n ],\n [\n -86.45313262939453,\n 43.94957452481934\n ],\n [\n -86.45313262939453,\n 43.955506441260546\n ],\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.955506441260546\n ],\n [\n -86.46583557128906,\n 43.94957452481934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tews, Jenna","contributorId":244195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tews","given":"Jenna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mann, Kevin","contributorId":244196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koon, Ellie","contributorId":244198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koon","given":"Ellie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heinrich, John","contributorId":244200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heinrich","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70227010,"text":"70227010 - 2020 - Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T14:14:39.344833","indexId":"70227010","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:09:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars","docAbstract":"

Extraformational sediment recycling (old sedimentary rock to new sedimentary rock) is a fundamental aspect of Earth’s geological record; tectonism exposes sedimentary rock, whereupon it is weathered and eroded to form new sediment that later becomes lithified. On Mars, tectonism has been minor, but two decades of orbiter instrument–based studies show that some sedimentary rocks previously buried to depths of kilometers have been exposed, by erosion, at the surface. Four locations in Gale crater, explored using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Curiosity rover, exhibit sedimentary lithoclasts in sedimentary rock: At Marias Pass, they are mudstone fragments in sandstone derived from strata below an erosional unconformity; at Bimbe, they are pebble-sized sandstone and, possibly, laminated, intraclast-bearing, chemical (calcium sulfate) sediment fragments in conglomerates; at Cooperstown, they are pebble-sized fragments of sandstone within coarse sandstone; at Dingo Gap, they are cobble-sized, stratified sandstone fragments in conglomerate derived from an immediately underlying sandstone. Mars orbiter images show lithified sediment fans at the termini of canyons that incise sedimentary rock in Gale crater; these, too, consist of recycled, extraformational sediment. The recycled sediments in Gale crater are compositionally immature, indicating the dominance of physical weathering processes during the second known cycle. The observations at Marias Pass indicate that sediment eroded and removed from craters such as Gale crater during the Martian Hesperian Period could have been recycled to form new rock elsewhere. Our results permit prediction that lithified deltaic sediments at the Perseverance (landing in 2021) and Rosalind Franklin (landing in 2023) rover field sites could contain extraformational recycled sediment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02244.1","usgsCitation":"Edgett, K.S., Banham, S., Bennett, K.A., Edgar, L.A., Edwards, C., Fairen, A., Fedo, C.M., Fey, D.M., Garvin, J.B., Grotzinger, J.P., Gupta, S., Henderson, M., House, C.H., Mangold, N., McLennan, S., Newsom, H.E., Rowland, S., Siebach, K.L., Thompson, L., VanBommel, S., Wiens, R.C., Williams, R., and Yingst, A., 2020, Extraformational sediment recycling on Mars: Geosphere, v. 6, no. 16, p. 1508-1537, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02244.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1508","endPage":"1537","ipdsId":"IP-119406","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02244.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"6","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgett, Kenneth S.","contributorId":203786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edgett","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36716,"text":"Malin Space Science Systems","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banham, Steven","contributorId":270373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banham","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Kristen A. 0000-0001-8105-7129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8105-7129","contributorId":237068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edgar, Lauren A. 0000-0001-7512-7813 ledgar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7512-7813","contributorId":167501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"Lauren","email":"ledgar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Christopher S.","contributorId":206168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Christopher 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,{"id":70216401,"text":"70216401 - 2020 - Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-17T12:42:52.924016","indexId":"70216401","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T08:07:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7355,"text":"Plant Health Progress","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death","docAbstract":"

Rapid ʻōhiʻa death (ROD) is caused by two recently described species of Ceratocystis, C. lukuohia and C. huliohia. These fungi are decimating ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha), the keystone native tree species of Hawaiʻi. Viable Ceratocystis propagules can persist in ambrosia beetle frass (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), and movement of the frass may play a key role in the spread of the disease. In order to prevent the spread of ROD, we developed effective and practical surface (e.g., tools and shoes) decontamination methods to be used by researchers, managers, and the public alike. We first tested different household and laboratory disinfectants on the Ceratocystis fungi in culture, and then we applied the effective culture disinfectants to contaminated ambrosia beetle frass. Laboratory-grade ethanol (70, 80, and 95%), Clorox bleach (10%, 0.825% active ingredient [a.i.]), and isopropanol (70 and 91%), were all equally effective at decontaminating cultured C. lukuohia and C. huliohia. Although all concentrations of isopropanol (50, 70, and 90%) and ethanol (50, 70, and 90%) were effective disinfectants of Ceratocystis-contaminated frass, treatments of frass with up to 20% Clorox bleach (1.2% a.i.) were not completely adequate at killing the fungus. These data reveal that bleach is not a sufficient ROD disinfectant when frass is present, and isopropanol or ethanol are the more reliable options.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Phytopathological Society","doi":"10.1094/PHP-06-20-0051-RS","usgsCitation":"Roy, K., Jaenecke, K., Bjontegard, N., Mikros, D., Dunkle, E., Yanger, C., Sugiyama, L.S., Keith, L.M., and Peck, R., 2020, Decontamination of Ceratocystis pathogens responsible for rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death: Plant Health Progress, v. 21, p. 301-305, https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-06-20-0051-RS.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"305","ipdsId":"IP-119927","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JOOSP8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hawai'i Rapid 'Ohi'a Death Decontamination 2019-2020"},{"id":380527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T12:56:39.896421","indexId":"70215375","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:53:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water balance as an indicator of natural resource condition: Case studies from Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve","docAbstract":"

Managing climate impacts to natural resources in protected areas can be hampered by lack of monitoring data, poor understanding of natural resource responses to climate, or lack of timely condition assessments that can inform management actions. Here we demonstrate the utility of water balance as a tool for understanding natural resource responses to climate by developing case studies focused on stream flow, vegetation production, and wildfire ignition at Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (GSDNP), U.S.A. The efficacy of water balance to predict these responses stems from the explicit integration of climate with site conditions that modify the effects of climate. This in turn results in estimates of water availability, water use, and water need that are proximal drivers of aquatic and terrestrial natural resource conditions. The water balance model successfully forecasted stream flow (r2 = 0.69, P < 0.001); determined the critical water needs for maintaining annual vegetation production in different vegetation types spanning a large environmental gradient (r2 = 0.18–0.71); and predicted proportion of historic wildfire ignitions in forest (r2 = 0.96–0.99) and non-forest (r2 = 0.96–0.97) vegetation types. Collectively, these case studies demonstrate practical approaches to translate climate data into assessments of natural resource condition that inform long-term planning and near-term strategic actions needed for conservation of protected areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300","usgsCitation":"Thoma, D.P., Tercek, M.T., Schweiger, E.W., Munson, S.M., Gross, J.E., and Olliff, S.T., 2020, Water balance as an indicator of natural resource condition: Case studies from Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 24, e01300, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300.","productDescription":"e01300, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121269","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01300","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.87249755859375,\n 37.568528265476075\n ],\n [\n -105.46051025390625,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -105.26275634765625,\n 37.63163475580643\n ],\n [\n -105.42755126953125,\n 37.88569271818349\n ],\n [\n -105.7269287109375,\n 38.05457952821193\n ],\n [\n -106.0235595703125,\n 38.035112420612975\n ],\n [\n -105.87249755859375,\n 37.568528265476075\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thoma, David P.","contributorId":197256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoma","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tercek, Michael T.","contributorId":197257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tercek","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schweiger, E. William","contributorId":243260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweiger","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":48669,"text":"National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gross, John E.","contributorId":106777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olliff, S. Tom","contributorId":243261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olliff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":48671,"text":"National Park Service Climate Change Response Program, Bozeman, Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70216497,"text":"70216497 - 2020 - Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T13:54:06.084531","indexId":"70216497","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:47:20","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise","docAbstract":"

Background

Preserving corridors for movement and gene flow among populations can assist in the recovery of threatened and endangered species. As human activity continues to fragment habitats, characterizing natural corridors is important in establishing and maintaining connectivity corridors within the anthropogenic development matrix. The Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) is a threatened species occupying a variety of habitats in the Mojave and Colorado Deserts. Desert tortoises have been referred to as corridor-dwellers, and understanding how they move within suitable habitat can be crucial to defining corridors that will sustain sufficient gene flow to maintain connections among populations amidst the increases in human development.

Methods

To elucidate how tortoises traverse available habitat and interact with potentially inhospitable terrain and human infrastructure, we used GPS dataloggers to document fine-scale movement of individuals and estimate home ranges at ten study sites along the California/Nevada border. Our sites encompass a variety of habitats, including mountain passes that serve as important natural corridors connecting neighboring valleys, and are impacted by a variety of linear anthropogenic features. We used path selection functions to quantify tortoise movements and develop resistance surfaces based on landscape characteristics including natural features, anthropogenic alterations, and estimated home ranges with autocorrelated kernel density methods. Using the best supported path selection models and estimated home ranges, we determined characteristics of known natural corridors and compared them to mitigation corridors (remnant habitat patches) that have been integrated into land management decisions in the Ivanpah Valley.

Results

Tortoises avoided areas of high slope and low perennial vegetation cover, avoided moving near low-density roads, and traveled along linear barriers (fences and flood control berms).

Conclusions

We found that mitigation corridors designated between solar facilities should be wide enough to retain home ranges and maintain function. Differences in home range size and movement resistance between our two natural mountain pass corridors align with differences in genetic connectivity, suggesting that not all natural corridors provide the same functionality. Furthermore, creation of mitigation corridors with fences may have unintended consequences and may function differently than natural corridors. Understanding characteristics of corridors with different functionality will help future managers ensure that connectivity is maintained among Mojave desert tortoise populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8","usgsCitation":"Hromada, S.J., Esque, T., Vandergast, A.G., Dutcher, K.E., Mitchell, C.I., Gray, M.E., Chang, T., Dickson, B.G., and Nussear, K.E., 2020, Using movement to inform conservation corridor design for Mojave desert tortoise: Movement Ecology, v. 8, 38, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8.","productDescription":"38, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122372","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00224-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 35.41591492345623\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 35.41591492345623\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 35.41591492345623\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hromada, Steven J.","contributorId":245147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hromada","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutcher, Kirsten E.","contributorId":221063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutcher","given":"Kirsten","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Corey I","contributorId":245149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"I","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Miranda E","contributorId":221848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Miranda","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40441,"text":"Conservation Science Partners, Truckee, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chang, Tony","contributorId":191992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dickson, Brett G.","contributorId":221849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickson","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":40442,"text":"Conservation Science Partners, Truckee, CA; Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E.","contributorId":117361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70215190,"text":"70215190 - 2020 - Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-10T12:58:01.214192","indexId":"70215190","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:44:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling","docAbstract":"

Megafires are large wildfires that occur under extreme weather conditions and produce mixed burn severities across diverse environmental gradients. Assessing megafire effects requires data covering large spatiotemporal extents, which are difficult to collect from field inventories. Remote sensing provides an alternative but is limited in revealing post-fire recovery trajectories and the underlying processes that drive the recovery. We developed a novel framework to spatially reconstruct the post-fire time-series of forest conditions after the 1987 Black Dragon fire of China by integrating a forest landscape model (LANDIS) with remote sensing and inventory data. We derived pre-fire (1985) forest composition and the megafire perimeter and severity using remote sensing and inventory data. We simulated the megafire and the post-megafire forest recovery from 1985 to 2015 using the LANDIS model. We demonstrated that the framework was effective in reconstructing the post-fire stand dynamics and that it is applicable to other types of disturbances.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884","usgsCitation":"Xu, W., He, H., Fraser, J.S., Hawbaker, T., Henne, P., Duan, S., and Zhu, Z., 2020, Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 134, 104884, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884.","productDescription":"104884, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119940","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104884","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HRHBXZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for: Spatially explicit reconstruction of post-megafire forest recovery through landscape modeling"},{"id":379290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n 133.59375,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n 133.59375,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n 117.0703125,\n 46.558860303117164\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"134","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Wenru","contributorId":222616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Wenru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, Hong","contributorId":242923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Hong","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraser, Jacob S.","contributorId":206005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraser","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37214,"text":"University of Missouri – Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henne, Paul D. 0000-0003-1211-5545 phenne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1211-5545","contributorId":169166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henne","given":"Paul D.","email":"phenne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duan, Shengwu","contributorId":242925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duan","given":"Shengwu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36845,"text":"School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70220292,"text":"70220292 - 2020 - Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-04T11:44:37.350624","indexId":"70220292","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T07:10:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions","docAbstract":"The ubiquity of Vibrio spp. throughout the coastal marine waters of the Pacific Northwest of North America raises questions about the susceptibility of native marine fishes, including Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii). Early reports of Vibriolike disease (Rucker et al., 1954; Walford, 1958) and Vibrio sp. isolations (Pacha & Kiehn, 1969) in Pacific herring remain questionable because both occurred while the classification of vibrios was still developing and prior to the availability of techniques capable of discerning viral aetiologies. This study was performed to address these uncertainties by determining the susceptibility of Pacific herring to vibriosis caused by strains of V. anguillarum and V. ordalii.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.13274","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Stinson, M., Hall, B.L., MacKenzie, A., Gregg, J.L., Richards, W.A., and Winton, J., 2020, Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 43, no. 12, p. 1607-1609, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13274.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1607","endPage":"1609","ipdsId":"IP-114241","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q6GQVK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Laboratory challenge of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii to Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordallii"},{"id":385405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stinson, M.E.T","contributorId":257786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stinson","given":"M.E.T","affiliations":[{"id":52118,"text":"Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, 6730 Martin Way E., Olympia, WA 98516","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Brenda L","contributorId":127581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacKenzie, Ashley 0000-0002-7402-7877 amackenzie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-7877","contributorId":150817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Ashley","email":"amackenzie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. 0000-0001-5328-5482 jgregg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-5482","contributorId":203912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richards, William August 0000-0002-5233-2299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-2299","contributorId":257787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"August","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winton, James 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":179330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70214667,"text":"pp1842AA - 2020 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70214667,"text":"pp1842AA - 2020 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","indexId":"pp1842AA","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"chapter":"AA","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T20:53:08.882926","indexId":"pp1842AA","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-06T06:39:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1842","chapter":"AA","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri)","docAbstract":"

Keys to Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri) management include maintaining extensive, unfragmented patches of suitable breeding habitat; reducing conifer cover and height; preventing the invasion of conifers and nonnative plants, especially cheatgrass (downy brome [Bromus tectorum]); minimizing disturbance to soil; and restricting the use of pesticides and herbicides during the breeding season (April–July). Brewer’s Sparrows have been reported to use breeding habitats with 12–170 centimeter (cm) vegetation height, 2–34 cm visual obstruction reading, 1–74 percent grass cover, less than (<) 19 percent forb cover, 1–65 percent shrub cover, 1–75 percent bare ground, 2–61 percent litter cover, and <1 cm litter depth. During post-fledging dispersal in July, Brewer’s Sparrow adults and young may shift habitat use to nearby aspen (Populus species [spp.]), riparian shrub, or deciduous mountain shrub habitats, so these habitats also may be important for management.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842AA","usgsCitation":"Walker, B.L., Igl, L.D., and Shaffer, J.A., 2020, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Brewer’s Sparrow (Spizella breweri breweri), chap. AA of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842AA.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-096452","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378957,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/aa/pp1842aa.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–AA"},{"id":378956,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/aa/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"

Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-10-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Brett L.","contributorId":87475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":220514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":223126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70220903,"text":"70220903 - 2020 - Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T14:28:55.771655","indexId":"70220903","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T13:43:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?","docAbstract":"

Near-term extirpations of macroinvertebrates are predicted for mountain streams worldwide as a warming climate drives the recession of high-elevation ice and snow. However, hydrological sources likely vary in their resistance to climate change, and thus streams fed by more resistant sources could persist as climate refugia for imperiled biota. In 2015–2016, we measured habitat characteristics and quantified macroinvertebrate community structure along 6 alpine streams in the Teton Range, Wyoming, USA. Strong differences in habitat characteristics (e.g., temperature, bed stability, conductivity) confirmed 3 major stream sources: surface glaciers, perennial snowfields, and subterranean ice. Subterranean ice-fed streams—termed “icy seeps”—appear common in the Teton Range and elsewhere, yet are globally understudied. Midges in the family Chironomidae dominated our study sites, representing 78.6% of all specimens sampled, with nematodes, caddisflies (Neothremma), and mayflies (Epeorus) also common. At the community scale, glacier- and snowmelt-fed streams differed significantly in multivariate space, with icy-seep communities intermediate between them, incorporating components of both assemblages. Because the thermal environment of subterranean ice, including rock glaciers, is decoupled from large-scale climatic conditions, we predict that icy seeps will remain intact longer than streams fed by surface ice and snow. Furthermore, our results suggest that icy seeps are suitable habitat for many macroinvertebrates occupying streams fed by vulnerable hydrological sources. Thus, icy seeps may act as key climate refugia for mountain stream biodiversity, an idea in need of further investigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0311","usgsCitation":"Tronstad, L., Hotaling, S., Giersch, J.J., Wilmot, O.J., and Finn, D.S., 2020, Headwaters fed by subterranean ice: Potential climate refugia for alpine stream communities?: Western North American Naturalist, v. 3, no. 80, p. 395-407, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0311.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"407","ipdsId":"IP-110169","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/788273","text":"External Repository"},{"id":386021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, Jedediah Smith Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 43.4947753137023\n ],\n [\n -110.42633056640625,\n 43.4947753137023\n ],\n [\n -110.42633056640625,\n 44.12801374373221\n ],\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 44.12801374373221\n ],\n [\n -110.99349975585938,\n 43.4947753137023\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"80","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tronstad, Lusha M.","contributorId":224819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tronstad","given":"Lusha M.","affiliations":[{"id":40947,"text":"Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hotaling, Scott 0000-0002-5965-0986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-0986","contributorId":176860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hotaling","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giersch, J. Joseph 0000-0001-7818-3941 jgiersch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3941","contributorId":198074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giersch","given":"J.","email":"jgiersch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilmot, Oliver J.","contributorId":258868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilmot","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52320,"text":"Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, Debra S.","contributorId":198312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215014,"text":"70215014 - 2020 - Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:36:03.416549","indexId":"70215014","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T11:28:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","docAbstract":"

Most seabird species nest colonially on cliffs or islands with limited terrestrial predation, so that oceanic effects on the quality or quantity of prey fed to chicks more often determine nest success. However, when predator access increases, impacts can be dramatic, especially when exposure to predators is extended due to slow growth from inadequate food. Kittlitz’s Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris), a rare seabird having experienced serious declines, nests solitarily on the ground in barren, often alpine areas where exposure to predators is generally low. Nestling growth rates are exceptionally high and nestling periods very short relative to other Alcidae. This strategy reduces duration of exposure to predators, but demands adequate deliveries of high‐energy prey. In an area where foxes can access nests, we investigated whether varying energy content of prey fed to chicks could alter growth rates and resulting duration of predator exposure, and whether prolonged exposure appreciably reduced nest success. From 2009 to 2016, we monitored 139 nests; 49% were depredated (almost all by foxes) and 25% fledged. Prey fed to nestlings were 80% Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) and 19% capelin (Mallotus villosus), with capelin having 2.3× higher energy content per fish. In a year of slow chick growth, increased sand lance energy density of 31% (4.29–5.64 kJ/g, within published values), or increased proportion of capelin in the diet from 5.6% to 27.2%, would have allowed maximum chick growth. Maximum growth rates were attainable by delivering only 1.9 capelin/d versus 5.5 sand lance/d. Slow growth increased time to fledging by up to 5 d, decreasing survival by 7.7% (0.142–0.131). Breeding propensity of Kittlitz’s Murrelet averages only 20%, so even small changes in nest success could affect populations. Although nest success was limited mainly by predation, oceanic effects on prey quantity and quality had overriding impacts in one year (2015 heat wave), and small but substantive effects in other years by mediating exposure to predation. Climate warming that decreases availability of high‐energy forage fish, or increases expansion of predators into nesting habitats, may disproportionately affect this sensitive species and others with predator‐accessible nests and demands for energy‐rich prey.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3229","usgsCitation":"Knudson, T., Lovvorn, J.R., Lawonn, M.J., Corcoran, R., Roby, D., Piatt, J.F., and Pyle, W., 2020, Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e03229, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229.","productDescription":"e03229, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104627","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.072265625,\n 57.844750992891\n ],\n [\n -154.9951171875,\n 57.326521225217064\n ],\n [\n -154.20410156249997,\n 56.46249048388979\n ],\n [\n -151.4794921875,\n 57.58655886615978\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -154.072265625,\n 57.844750992891\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudson, Timothy","contributorId":242627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudson","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48489,"text":"Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovvorn, James R.","contributorId":167714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovvorn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawonn, M. James","contributorId":242628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawonn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corcoran, Robin","contributorId":242629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roby, Dan","contributorId":242630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roby","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pyle, William","contributorId":242631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyle","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70217187,"text":"70217187 - 2020 - High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T16:38:49.270248","indexId":"70217187","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T10:12:49","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America","docAbstract":"

Delineation of population structure provides valuable information for conservation and management of species, as levels of demographic and genetic connectivity not only affect population dynamics but also have important implications for adaptability and resiliency of populations and species. Here, we measure population genetic structure and connectivity across the ranges of two sister species of sea ducks: Barrow's goldeneye Bucephala islandica and common goldeneye B. clangula. We use two different marker types: 7–8 nuclear microsatellite loci assayed across 229 samples and 3678 double digest restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD‐seq) loci assayed across 61 samples. First, both datasets found no evidence of genetic structure within common or Barrow's goldeneye, including between North American and European samples of common goldeneye. These results are in contrast with previous mitochondrial DNA, band recovery and telemetry data which suggest that goldeneyes are structured across their range. We posit that the discordance between autosomal genetic markers and other data types suggests that males, possibly subadult males, may be maintaining genetic connectivity across each species' respective ranges. Next, although mate choice consequences resulting from inter‐specific brood parasitism was hypothesized to cause some level of gene flow between goldeneye species, we only identified a single F1 hybrid with no further evidence of contemporary or historical gene flow. Despite ddRAD‐seq demographic analyses which recovered an optimum evolutionary model of split‐with‐migration (i.e. secondary contact), estimates of gene flow were <<1 migrant per generation in both directions. Together, we conclude that either strong ecological barriers or assortative mating are likely playing a role in preventing further backcrossing. Finally, demographic analyses estimated a relatively deep divergence time between Barrow's goldeneye and common goldeneye of ~1.6 million years before present and suggests that the genomes of both species have been under similar evolutionary constraints.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.02600","usgsCitation":"Brown, J.I., Lavretsky, P., Wilson, R.E., Haughey, C., Boyd, W., Esler, D., Talbot, S.L., and Sonsthagen, S.A., 2020, High site fidelity does not equate to population genetic structure for common goldeneye and Barrow's goldeneye in North America: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 51, no. 12, e02600, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02600.","productDescription":"e02600, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118941","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D8CN8M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Genetic Data from Barrow's Goldeneye and Common Goldeneye"},{"id":382061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Denmark, Mexico, United States","volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Joshua I.","contributorId":247561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lavretsky, Philip","contributorId":60542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavretsky","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Robert E. 0000-0003-1800-0183 rewilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0183","contributorId":5718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"rewilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haughey, Christy 0000-0002-4846-6008","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4846-6008","contributorId":220547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haughey","given":"Christy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyd, W. Sean","contributorId":241002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"W. Sean","affiliations":[{"id":48188,"text":"Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70229066,"text":"70229066 - 2020 - Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-28T16:06:00.747933","indexId":"70229066","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T09:57:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10137,"text":"Landscape Online","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology","docAbstract":"

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are distance learning tools for individualized learning. They allow students to learn at their own pace in a virtual classroom. We describe success and pitfalls of the MOOC Landscape Ecology, designed as an undergraduate University course taught by an international consortium of Professors covering theory and application of the field. The paper describes course performance with summary metrics, illustrates contents and didactic tools, and provides a list of suggestions for instructors who engage in distant learning. We identify the following five key success factors for this and related MOOCs: (1) commitment and passion of an international consortium of lecturers; (2) a sound mixture of theory and practice; (3) numerous field-videos; (4) content and skill-oriented practicums (here using R, GIS, remote sensing); and (5) interactive formats where students discuss and share their opinions. In all runs of our MOOC we experienced some difficulties with peer-assessed writing tasks due to widely differing “review cultures”. The instructor-paced MOOC attracted over 3500 students in 2018 and 2019, and had comparably high completion rates (14% and 11%, respectively), compared to typical MOOC completion rates ranging from 5% to 15%. Completion rates in our self-paced run in 2020 were 8-9% only.

","language":"English","publisher":"Landscape Online","doi":"10.3097/LO.202083","usgsCitation":"Kienast Felix, Selina, G., Edwards, T.C., and Gregor, M., 2020, Lessons learned from the first worldwide accessible e-learning in Landscape Ecology: Landscape Online, v. 83, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.202083.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-121434","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.202083","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396559,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kienast Felix","contributorId":286980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kienast Felix","affiliations":[{"id":61440,"text":"swi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selina, Gosteli","contributorId":286981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selina","given":"Gosteli","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61442,"text":"intosens","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregor, Martius","contributorId":286982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregor","given":"Martius","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61443,"text":"gem...","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215614,"text":"70215614 - 2020 - High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T20:35:44.909819","indexId":"70215614","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T09:34:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","title":"High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake","docAbstract":"

Amphipods are often key species in aquatic food webs due to their functional roles in the ecosystem and as intermediate hosts for trophically transmitted parasites. Amphipods can also host many parasite species, yet few studies address the entire parasite community of a gammarid population, precluding a more dynamic understanding of the food web. We set out to identify and quantify the parasite community of Gammarus lacustris to understand the contributions of the amphipod and its parasites to the Takvatn food web. We identified seven parasite taxa: a direct life cycle gregarine, Rotundula sp., and larval stages of two digenean trematode genera, two cestodes, one nematode, and one acanthocephalan. The larval parasites use either birds or fishes as final hosts. Bird parasites predominated, with trematode Plagiorchis sp. having the highest prevalence (69%) and mean abundance (2.7). Fish parasites were also common, including trematodes Crepidostomum spp., nematode Cystidicola farionis, and cestode Cyathocephalus truncatus (prevalences 13, 6, and 3%, respectively). Five parasites depend entirely on G. lacustris to complete their life cycle. At least 11.4% of the overall parasite diversity in the lake was dependent on G. lacustris, and 16% of the helminth diversity required or used the amphipod in their life cycles. These dependencies reveal that in addition to being a key prey item in subarctic lakes, G. lacustris is also an important host for maintaining parasite diversity in such ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.6869","usgsCitation":"Shaw, J.C., Henriksen, E.H., Knudsen, R., Kuhn, J.A., Kuris, A.M., Lafferty, K.D., Siwertsson, A., Soldanova, M., and Amundsen, P., 2020, High parasite diversity in the amphipod Gammarus lacustris in a subarctic lake: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 21, p. 12385-12394, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6869.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12385","endPage":"12394","ipdsId":"IP-122382","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6869","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","otherGeospatial":"Takvatn","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.08364421998343\n ],\n [\n 19.180755615234375,\n 69.08364421998343\n ],\n [\n 19.180755615234375,\n 69.14044189412401\n ],\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.14044189412401\n ],\n [\n 18.96892547607422,\n 69.08364421998343\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, Jenny C.","contributorId":189858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henriksen, Eirik H.","contributorId":189857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henriksen","given":"Eirik","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knudsen, Rune","contributorId":189855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"Rune","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuhn, Jesper A.","contributorId":189856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Jesper","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":189859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Siwertsson, Anna","contributorId":150856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siwertsson","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18120,"text":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soldanova, Miroslava","contributorId":189852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soldanova","given":"Miroslava","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Amundsen, Per‐Arne","contributorId":243998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amundsen","given":"Per‐Arne","affiliations":[{"id":48791,"text":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70215059,"text":"70215059 - 2020 - Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T15:10:52.865686","indexId":"70215059","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T08:24:54","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy","docAbstract":"

The nanoscale molecular composition of sedimentary organic matter is challenging to characterize in situ given the limited tools available that can adequately interrogate its complex chemical structure. This is a particularly relevant issue in source rocks, as kerogen composition will strongly impact its reactivity and so is critical to understanding petroleum generation processes during catagenesis. The recent advent of tip-enhanced analytical methods, such as atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), has allowed for the major compositional features of kerogen and other types of in situ organic matter to be elucidated at spatial resolutions at or below 50 nm. Here AFM-IR was applied to examine inertinite, an important organic matter type, present in a thermally immature Eagle Ford calcareous mudstone. The data show that the nanoscale molecular composition of the examined inertinite is (i) less heterogeneous than solid bitumen in more thermally mature Eagle Ford samples and (ii) more hydrogen- and oxygen-rich than inertinite examined in the New Albany Shale.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608","usgsCitation":"Jubb, A., Hackley, P.C., Birdwell, J.E., Hatcherian, J.J., and Qu, J., 2020, Examination of inertinite within immature Eagle Ford Shale at the nanometer-scale using atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 231, 103608, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608.","productDescription":"103608, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120851","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103608","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Ford Shale, Bechtel Well","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 28.810986808864513\n ],\n [\n -97.88955688476562,\n 28.810986808864513\n ],\n [\n -97.88955688476562,\n 29.012944302424863\n ],\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 29.012944302424863\n ],\n [\n -98.14773559570312,\n 28.810986808864513\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jubb, Aaron M. 0000-0001-6875-1079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-1079","contributorId":201978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jubb","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatcherian, Javin J. 0000-0001-9151-6798 jhatcherian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9151-6798","contributorId":195770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcherian","given":"Javin","email":"jhatcherian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qu, Jing","contributorId":242671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Jing","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216985,"text":"70216985 - 2020 - Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-22T13:34:43.020255","indexId":"70216985","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T07:32:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7473,"text":"Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments","docAbstract":"
The Discrete Element Method has been widely used to simulate geo-materials due to time and scale limitations met in the field and laboratories. While cohesionless geo-materials were the focus of many previous studies, the deformation of cohesive geo-materials in 3D remained poorly characterized. Here, we aimed to generate a range of numerical ‘sediments’, assess their mechanical response to stress and compare their response with laboratory tests, focusing on differences between the micro- and macro-material properties. We simulated two endmembers—clay (cohesive) and sand (cohesionless). The materials were tested in a 3D triaxial numerical setup, under different simulated burial stresses and consolidation states. Variations in particle contact or individual bond strengths generate first order influence on the stress–strain response, i.e., a different deformation style of the numerical sand or clay. Increased burial depth generates a second order influence, elevating peak shear strength. Loose and dense consolidation states generate a third order influence of the endmember level. The results replicate a range of sediment compositions, empirical behaviors and conditions. We propose a procedure to characterize sediments numerically. The numerical ‘sediments’ can be applied to simulate processes in sediments exhibiting variations in strength due to post-seismic consolidation, bioturbation or variations in sedimentation rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/pr8101252","usgsCitation":"Elyashiv, H., Bookman, R., Siemann, L., ten Brink, U., and Huhn, K., 2020, Numerical characterization of cohesive and non-cohesive ‘sediments’ under different consolidation states using 3D DEM triaxial experiments: Processes, v. 8, no. 10, 1252, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8101252.","productDescription":"1252, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122652","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8101252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elyashiv, Hadar","contributorId":245846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elyashiv","given":"Hadar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49341,"text":"Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences (CSMS), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookman, Revital","contributorId":245847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bookman","given":"Revital","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49341,"text":"Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences (CSMS), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siemann, Lennart","contributorId":245848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siemann","given":"Lennart","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49342,"text":"Institute for Geotechnical Engineering, Leibniz University of Hannover, Welfengarten","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":807173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huhn, Katrin","contributorId":245849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huhn","given":"Katrin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49344,"text":"MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, Universität of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}