A series of pressure correction diagrams for 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-percent NaCl solutions has been generated from the volumetric data for NaCl by R. W. Potter II and D. L. Brown in 1975. The diagrams cover the temperature range from 20° to 400° C at pressures up to 200 megapascals (2000 bars). These data can be used to correct fluid-inclusion homogenization temperatures for pressures greater than the liquid-vapor pressure-temperature curve.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Potter, R.W., 1977, Pressure corrections for fluid-inclusion homogenization temperatures based on the volumetric properties of the system NaCl-H2O: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 603-607.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"607","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316514,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b33321e4b0cc79997f3425","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potter, Robert W. II","contributorId":67899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Robert","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164407,"text":"70164407 - 1977 - Occurrence of bloedite and related minerals in marine shale of Diablo and Temblor Ranges, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T12:50:19","indexId":"70164407","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of bloedite and related minerals in marine shale of Diablo and Temblor Ranges, California","docAbstract":"Bloedite, epsomite, and related minerals occur in small amounts throughout the arid eastern foothills of the Diablo and Temblor Ranges, as efflorescences on siliceous shale and as deposits around small springs and a brine pond. These minerals ultimately are products of weathering of underlying organic shale, and they are reminders that the chemistry of weathering of reduced organic shale is largely a reversal of the chemistry of its early diagenesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Murata, K.J., 1977, Occurrence of bloedite and related minerals in marine shale of Diablo and Temblor Ranges, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 637-642.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"637","endPage":"642","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316525,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Diablo Range, Temblor Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 34.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b332fae4b0cc79997f33cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murata, K. J.","contributorId":18759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murata","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164404,"text":"70164404 - 1977 - Rare earths, thorium, and other minor elements in sphene from some plutonic rocks in west-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T12:33:28","indexId":"70164404","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare earths, thorium, and other minor elements in sphene from some plutonic rocks in west-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Sphene is an abundant accessory mineral in some abnormally radioactive plutonic rocks in west-central Alaska. Seven samples of sphene from four different areas in west-central Alaska contained from 20350 to 39180 parts per million total rare earths and 390 to 2000 ppm thorium. The lanthanide content in six of the seven sphenes is chiefly the light rare earths and is similar to that of crustal abundance; a seventh sphene from the Darby Mountains, however, contains above average amounts of the heavy rare earths. A comparison of the lanthanide distribution in sphene from several areas indicates that the structure of sphene will accommodate whatever lanthanides are available when the mineral crystallizes. The amount of thorium and rare earths in sphene is also affected by the presence of other accessory minerals. Sphene in rocks containing either allanite or zircon has a lower thorium content than in rocks that do not contain allanite or zircon. Sphene, because of its abundance, may contain the greater part of the rare earths and thorium in some of the plutonic rocks of west-central Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Staatz, M.H., Conklin, N.M., and Brownfield, I.K., 1977, Rare earths, thorium, and other minor elements in sphene from some plutonic rocks in west-central Alaska: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 623-628.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"628","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":316521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Darby Mountains, Granite Mountain, Selawik Hills, Zane Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167,\n 63.5\n ],\n [\n -167,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -155.5,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -155.5,\n 63.5\n ],\n [\n -167,\n 63.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b33321e4b0cc79997f3439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staatz, Mortimer H.","contributorId":55494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staatz","given":"Mortimer","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conklin, Nancy M.","contributorId":106108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conklin","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Isabelle K.","contributorId":97108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Isabelle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164403,"text":"70164403 - 1977 - Exploration geochemical studies of some sandstone copper-uranium deposits, Bradford, Columbia, and Lycoming Counties, Pa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T11:59:14","indexId":"70164403","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploration geochemical studies of some sandstone copper-uranium deposits, Bradford, Columbia, and Lycoming Counties, Pa","docAbstract":"Semi-quantitative spectrographic analyses of mineralized and unmineralized sandstone, siltstone, and claystone from the Catskill Formation of Devonian age in Bradford, Columbia, and Lycoming Counties, Pa., suggest that copper, silver, and uranium are the principal metallic elements concentrated in the mineralized rock. Lead, mercury, and molybdenum may be concentrated slightly in mineralized rock but values are too low to be of use in exploration. The deposits are too small to make large anomalies in stream sediments except in drainage basins of less than a few acres. However, if a large deposit were exposed to weathering, it would probably be detectable by stream sediment sampling. Analyses of oxalic acid leachates of the minus 80-mesh fraction of the stream-sediment samples gave more useful values than analyses of the minus 80-mesh samples in separating drainage basins that have copper deposits from those that have no known copper deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F., Motooka, J.M., and Weis, P.L., 1977, Exploration geochemical studies of some sandstone copper-uranium deposits, Bradford, Columbia, and Lycoming Counties, Pa: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 609-621.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"621","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bradford County, Columbia County, Lycoming County","otherGeospatial":"Beaver Lake, Grassmere Park, New Albany","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.75,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -76.75,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -76.25,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -76.25,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -76.75,\n 41.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b332efe4b0cc79997f3352","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, F. G.","contributorId":7694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"F. G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":118374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weis, P. L.","contributorId":71557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weis","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164411,"text":"70164411 - 1977 - Use of a hybrid computer in engineering-seismology research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T13:04:16","indexId":"70164411","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a hybrid computer in engineering-seismology research","docAbstract":"A hybrid computer is an important tool in the seismological research conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in support of the Energy Research and Development Administration nuclear explosion testing program at the Nevada Test Site and the U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program. The hybrid computer system, which employs both digital and analog computational techniques, facilitates efficient seismic data processing. Standard data processing operations include: (1) preview of dubbed magnetic tapes of data; (2) correction of data for instrument response; (3) derivation of displacement and acceleration time histories from velocity recordings; (4) extraction of peak-amplitude data; (5) digitization of time histories; (6) rotation of instrumental axes; (7) derivation of response spectra; and (8) derivation of relative transfer functions between recording sites. Catalog of time histories and response spectra of ground motion from nuclear explosions and earthquakes that have been processed by the hybrid computer are used in the Earthquake Hazard Research Program to evaluate the effects of source, propagation path, and site effects on recorded ground motion; to assess seismic risk; to predict system response; and to solve system design problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Park, R., and Hays, W.W., 1977, Use of a hybrid computer in engineering-seismology research: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 5, p. 651-661.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"661","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316530,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b3334ae4b0cc79997f3496","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, R.B.","contributorId":97494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hays, W. W.","contributorId":66693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039536,"text":"70039536 - 1977 - Maps published of Antarctica by the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:52","indexId":"70039536","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T10:10:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Maps published of Antarctica by the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Science Foundation prepares and publishes topographic maps of selected areas of Antarctica needed to support the U.S. Antarctic Research Program (USARP) efforts. These maps are prepared from aerial photography flown by U.S. Navy Air Development Squadron Six (VXE-6) in accordance with USGS specifications.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039536","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Maps published of Antarctica by the U.S. Geological Survey, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039536.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261662,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039536/report.pdf"},{"id":261663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039536/report-thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180,-90 ], [ -180,-61.583333333333336 ], [ 18,-61.583333333333336 ], [ 18,-90 ], [ -180,-90 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a50d3e4b0c8380cd6b953","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009937,"text":"70009937 - 1977 - Geology of the dry creek site; a stratified early man site in Interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-11T16:48:26.433698","indexId":"70009937","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of the dry creek site; a stratified early man site in Interior Alaska","docAbstract":"The Dry Creek archeologic site contains a stratified record of late Pleistocene human occupation in central Alaska. Four archeologic components occur within a sequence of multiple loess and sand layers which together form a 2-m cap above weathered glacial outwash. The two oldest components appear to be of late Pleistocene age and occur with the bones of extinct game animals. Geologic mapping, stratigraphic correlations, radiocarbon dating, and sediment analyses indicate that the basal loess units formed part of a widespread blanket that was associated with an arctic steppe environment and with stream aggradation during waning phases of the last major glaciation of the Alaska Range. These basal loess beds contain artifacts for which radiocarbon dates and typologic correlations suggest a time range of perhaps 12,000–9000 yr ago. A long subsequent episode of cultural sterility was associated with waning loess deposition and development of a cryoturbated tundra soil above shallow permafrost. Sand deposition from local source areas predominated during the middle and late Holocene, and buried Subarctic Brown Soils indicate that a forest fringe developed on bluff-edge sand sheets along Dry Creek. The youngest archeologic component, which is associated with the deepest forest soil, indicates intermittent human occupation of the site between about 4700 and 3400 14C yr BP.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(77)90034-5","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Thorson, R., and Hamilton, T.D., 1977, Geology of the dry creek site; a stratified early man site in Interior Alaska: Quaternary Research, v. 7, no. 2, p. 149-176, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(77)90034-5.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"176","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.06386213954727,\n 64.46264451349487\n ],\n [\n -152.06386213954727,\n 62.291075820910635\n ],\n [\n -148.12955072716622,\n 62.291075820910635\n ],\n [\n -148.12955072716622,\n 64.46264451349487\n ],\n [\n -152.06386213954727,\n 64.46264451349487\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a26e4e4b0c8380cd59444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorson, R.M.","contributorId":74132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010978,"text":"70010978 - 1977 - Late-Pleistocene and Holocene remains of Hysterocarpus traski (Tule Perch) from Clear Lake, California, and inferred Holocene temperature fluctuations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-14T15:11:13.387932","indexId":"70010978","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late-Pleistocene and Holocene remains of Hysterocarpus traski (Tule Perch) from Clear Lake, California, and inferred Holocene temperature fluctuations","docAbstract":"The remains of scales of Hysterocarpus traski Gibbons (Tule perch) were found throughout a 27.44-m core from Clear Lake. Most scales occurred between the mud surface and deposits approximately 11,000 years old. Changes in growth rates of the animals were examined by measuring scale annuli and applying an empirically established regression of fish length on scale radius. The data indicate a pattern of accelerating growth rates, reaching a peak between ⋍4000 and 2800 BP. After ⋍2800 BP, growth rates decline markedly. Because the growth rates of these animals are essentially dependent on temperature, the changes observed in the patterns of growth probably reflect changes in climate in the northern Coast Range. The general pattern of inferred temperature increase during the early and middle Holocene, ending between ⋍4000 and 2800 BP, is consistent with evidence from tree-line studies and palynology indicating higher temperatures in parts of the western United States during this period.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(77)90016-3","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Casteel, R., Adam, D., and Sims, J., 1977, Late-Pleistocene and Holocene remains of Hysterocarpus traski (Tule Perch) from Clear Lake, California, and inferred Holocene temperature fluctuations: Quaternary Research, v. 7, no. 1, p. 133-143, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(77)90016-3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"143","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.93670630346438,\n 39.14767524746287\n ],\n [\n -122.93670630346438,\n 38.91744726229504\n ],\n [\n -122.62591966501424,\n 38.91744726229504\n ],\n [\n -122.62591966501424,\n 39.14767524746287\n ],\n [\n -122.93670630346438,\n 39.14767524746287\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4566e4b0c8380cd672a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casteel, R.W.","contributorId":86891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casteel","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adam, D.P.","contributorId":14815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sims, J.D.","contributorId":9230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sims","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70009770,"text":"70009770 - 1977 - Radiocarbon dates and late-Quaternary stratigraphy from Mamontova Gora, unglaciated central Yakutia, Siberia, U.S.S.R.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-11T16:45:01.848521","indexId":"70009770","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiocarbon dates and late-Quaternary stratigraphy from Mamontova Gora, unglaciated central Yakutia, Siberia, U.S.S.R.","docAbstract":"A fine exposure of perennially frozen ice-rich silt and associated flora and vertebrate fauna of late-Quaternary age exists at Mamontova Gora along the Aldan River in central Yakutia, Siberia, U.S.S.R. The silt deposit caps a 50-m-high terrace and consists of three units. An upper layer 1–2 m thick overlies a 10–15-m-thick brownish to black silt layer. The lower silt layer is greenish to gray and about 15 m thick. All the silt is well sorted with 60% of the particles falling between 0.005 and 0.5 mm in diameter and is generally chemically and mineralogically homogeneous. The middle unit contains may extinct vertebrate mammal remains and ice wedges. The lower unit contains little vegetation and no ice wedges. The silt is widespread and exists as a loamy blanket on terraces at various elevations on both sides of the lower Aldan River. The origin of the silt blanket of late-Quaternary age in central Yakutia has long been controversial. Various hypotheses have been suggested, including lacustrine and alluvial, as well as frost-action origins. It is sometimes referred to as loess-like loam. Péwé believes the silt at Mamontova Gora is loess, some of which has been retransported very short distances by water. The silt probably was blown from wide, braided, unvegetated flood plains of rivers draining nearby glaciers. The silt deposits are late Quaternary in age and probably associated with the Maximum glaciation (Samarov) and Sartan and Syryan glaciations of Wisconsinan age. On the basis of biostratigraphy, 10 radiocarbon dates, and their relation to the nearby glacial record, it is felt that the upper unit at Mamontova Gora is Holocene and the middle unit is Wisconsinan. The youngest date available from the middle unit at this particular location is 26,000 years. Dates greater than 56,000 years were obtained in the lower part of the middle unit. The lower unit is definitely beyond the range of radiocarbon dating and probably is older than the last interglacial. The sediment, fauna, ice wedges, stratigraphy, and age of perennially frozen slit deposits in central Alaska are remarkably similar to those of the deposits exposed in central Yakutia. Both areas consist of unglaciated rolling lowlands and river terraces surrounded by high mountains that were extensively glaciated in Pleistocene time. The glaciers extended from the high mountains to the edges of the ranges. In both regions, extensively braided, silt-charged rivers drained the mountains and flowed through the lowlands on their way to the sea. It follows that there should be a similar late-Quaternary history.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(77)90056-4","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Pewe, T.L., Journaux, A., and Stuckenrath, R., 1977, Radiocarbon dates and late-Quaternary stratigraphy from Mamontova Gora, unglaciated central Yakutia, Siberia, U.S.S.R.: Quaternary Research, v. 8, no. 1, p. 51-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(77)90056-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"63","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219488,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Siberia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 67.65387774806533,\n 81.31005430433049\n ],\n [\n 67.65387774806533,\n 49.88407908375689\n ],\n [\n 105.33401707666286,\n 49.88407908375689\n ],\n [\n 105.33401707666286,\n 81.31005430433049\n ],\n [\n 67.65387774806533,\n 81.31005430433049\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93d7e4b0c8380cd81067","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pewe, T. L.","contributorId":35786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pewe","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journaux, A.","contributorId":28360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journaux","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuckenrath, R.","contributorId":51451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckenrath","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70009969,"text":"70009969 - 1977 - A Holocene vegetation record from the Mississippi River Valley, southeastern Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-11T16:35:34.208503","indexId":"70009969","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Holocene vegetation record from the Mississippi River Valley, southeastern Missouri","docAbstract":"Pollen preserved in a peat deposit from a large swamp, the Old Field in the Mississippi River Valley near Advance, Missouri, records radiocarbon-dated vegetation changes between 9000 and about 3000 years ago. The principal feature of both the percentage and influx pollen diagrams is the replacement of arboreal pollen, primarily Quercus, Fraxinus, and Cephalanthus, with Gramineae and NAP between 8700 and 5000 years BP. This vegetation shift is interpreted as reflecting a decrease in the extent of the Old Field swamp and its associated bottomland forest species along with the expansion of a grass-dominated herb community, as a result of a reduction in available ground water. The desiccation of the swamp during this period indicates a reduction in precipitation within the ground-water source area and a shift to a drier climate in the southern Midwest. The pollen suggests that the lowest water levels and driest climate in southeastern Missouri lasted from 8700 to 6500 years BP, at which time there is a partial reappearance of swamp species. Relatively dry conditions, however, continued until at least 5000 years BP. Although pollen influx data are lacking from the upper part of the profile, the relative pollen frequencies suggest an increase in trees after 5000 BP. The replacement of the arboreal vegetation by grasses and herbs between 8700 and 5000 years BP reflects the period of maximum expansion of the Prairie Peninsula in southeastern Missouri. The Old Field swamp provides the first pollen evidence that the vegetational changes along the southern border of the Prairie Peninsula were chronologically similar to those on the northern and northeastern margins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(77)90074-6","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"King, J., and Allen, W., 1977, A Holocene vegetation record from the Mississippi River Valley, southeastern Missouri: Quaternary Research, v. 8, no. 3, p. 307-323, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(77)90074-6.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"323","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"southeastern Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.07054667773045,\n 38.09014494828594\n ],\n [\n -90.54206225223642,\n 36.702615368211454\n ],\n [\n -90.05604334541198,\n 36.38820532984435\n ],\n [\n -90.41676976336173,\n 36.05702886964755\n ],\n [\n -90.35741038138397,\n 35.93668412213937\n ],\n [\n -89.0633434281007,\n 35.98390470405607\n ],\n [\n -89.14074839381657,\n 37.29856968925574\n ],\n [\n -89.94576507260174,\n 38.09292648454809\n ],\n [\n -91.07054667773045,\n 38.09014494828594\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2e5e4b0c8380cd45cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, J.E.","contributorId":99695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, W.H. Jr.","contributorId":105040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"W.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70009981,"text":"70009981 - 1977 - Structure and sediment distribution in the western Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T13:55:21.623452","indexId":"70009981","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure and sediment distribution in the western Bering Sea","docAbstract":"Eleven seismic reflection profiles across Shirshov Ridge and the adjacent deep-water sedimentary basins (Komandorsky and Aleutian Basins) are presented to illustrate the sediment distribution in the western Bering Sea. A prominent seismic reflecting horizon, Reflector P (Middle—Late Miocene in age), is observed throughout both the Aleutian and Komandorsky Basins at an approximate subbottom depth of 1 km. This reflector is also present, in places, on the flanks and along the crest of Shirshov Ridge. The thickness of sediments beneath Reflector P is significantly different within the two abyssal basins. In the Aleutian Basin, the total subbottom depth to acoustic basement (basalt?) is about 4 km, while in the Komandorsky Basin the depth is about 2 km.
Shirshov Ridge, a Cenozoic volcanic feature that separates the Aleutian and Komandorsky Basins, is an asymmetric bathymetric ridge characterized by thick sediments along its eastern flank and steep scarps on its western side. The southern portion of the ridge has more structural relief that includes several deep, sediment-filled basins along its summit.
Velocity data from sonobuoy measurements indicate that acoustic basement in the Komandorsky Basin has an average compressional wave velocity of 5.90 km/sec. This value is considerably larger than the velocities measured for acoustic basement in the northwestern Aleutian Basin (about 5.00 km/sec) and in the central Aleutian Basin (5.40–5.57 km/sec). In the northwestern Aleutian Basin, the low-velocity acoustic basement may be volcaniclastic sediments or other indurated sediments that are overlying true basaltic basement. A refracting horizon with similar velocities (4.6–5.0 km/sec) as acoustic basement dips steeply beneath the Siberian continental margin, reaching a maximum subbottom depth of about 8 km. The thick welt of sediment at the base of the Siberian margin may be the result of sediment loading or tectonic depression prior to Late Cenozoic time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(77)90074-3","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Rabinowitz, P.D., and Cooper, A., 1977, Structure and sediment distribution in the western Bering Sea: Marine Geology, v. 24, no. 4, p. 309-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(77)90074-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"320","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"western Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.9,\n 56.285168320056385\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 51.00071364602036\n ],\n [\n -174.83958193767174,\n 51.00071364602036\n ],\n [\n -174.83958193767174,\n 56.285168320056385\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 56.285168320056385\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 179.9,\n 56.28905975329704\n ],\n [\n 164.84405712674976,\n 56.28905975329704\n ],\n [\n 164.84405712674976,\n 50.95540695542479\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 50.95540695542479\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 56.28905975329704\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c2ce4b08c986b31d2fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rabinowitz, P. D.","contributorId":102624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabinowitz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, A.","contributorId":47517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70009768,"text":"70009768 - 1977 - The organic geochemistry of black sedimentary barite: Significance and implications of trapped fatty acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-27T15:01:27.608064","indexId":"70009768","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The organic geochemistry of black sedimentary barite: Significance and implications of trapped fatty acids","docAbstract":"Fatty acids isolated in sedimentary black barite (BaSO4) from Arkansas and Nevada were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The dominant or major fatty acids found in these beds of barite are C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1. The occurrence and distribution of these acids in this type of rock may serve as “molecular fingerprints” of microbial biogeochemical processes. The organic matter and associated microorganisms are shown to be trapped within the finely crystalline barite, thus forming a closed system for microbial diagenesis.
Important differences that occur in the distribution of the lesser or minor fatty acids probably result from: (1) the nature of the progenitor organic detritus in the environment of barite deposition: and (2) the subsequent degree of microbiological alteration of the parent organic debris swept into and trapped in the depositional environment.
Three general models of sedimentary environments are proposed in which anoxic conditions may prevail and where barium sulfate (BaSO4) may precipitate: (1) in a silled basin with semi-restricted circulation; (2) on an outer continental shelf where the slope is encroached upon by water of the oxygen minimum layer; (3) on a low-energy, inner shelf or semi-restricted embayment impinged by a wedge of anoxic water.
The major geochemical and geological parameters which are believed to be the significant factors controlling the formation and high grade of these organic-rich, black bedded barites are: (1) a unique source of barium-rich fluid that only contains trace amounts of other elements; (2) the presence of an anoxic bottom environment within the depositional basin; (3) a reflux source of sulfate ion; (4) an adequate source of organic matter.
The relatively high seismicity of the San Andreas fault zone in central California provides an excellent opportunity to search for seismic forerunners to moderate earthquakes. Analysis of seismic traveltime and earthquake location data has resulted in the identification of two possible seismic forerunners. The first is a period of apparently late (0.3 sec) P-wave arrival times lasting several weeks preceding one earthquake of magnitude 5.0. The rays for these travel paths passed through — or very close to — the aftershock volume of the subsequent earthquake. The sources for these P-arrival time data were earthquakes in the distance range 20–70 km. Uncertainties in the influence of small changes in the hypocenters of the source earthquakes and in the identification of small P-arrivals raise the possibility that the apparantly delayed arrivals are not the result of a decrease in P-velocity. The second possible precursor is an apparent increase in the average depth of earthquakes preceding two moderate earthquakes. This change might be only apparent, caused by a location bias introduced by a decrease in P-wave velocity, but numerical modeling for realistic possible changes in velocity suggests that the observed effect is more likely a true migration of earthquakes. To carry out this work — involving the manipulation of several thousand earthquake hypocenters and several hundred thousand readings of arrival time — a system of data storage was designed and manipulation programs for a large digital computer have been executed. This system allows, for example, the automatic selection of earthquakes from a specific region, the extraction of all the observed arrival times for these events, and their relocation under a chosen set of assumptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(77)90163-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Wesson, R.L., Robinson, R., Bufe, C., Ellsworth, W., Pfluke, J., Steppe, J., and Seekins, L.C., 1977, Search for seismic forerunners to earthquakes in central California: Tectonophysics, v. 42, no. 2-4, p. 111-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(77)90163-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"126","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"central California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.75077435395022,\n 39.095488845528365\n ],\n [\n -120.36360784726932,\n 35.37719892331887\n ],\n [\n -119.70789267854337,\n 35.599454894398846\n ],\n [\n -122.0831329283512,\n 39.20355875635917\n ],\n [\n -122.75077435395022,\n 39.095488845528365\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b884ae4b08c986b3168cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesson, R. L.","contributorId":51752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, R.","contributorId":99694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bufe, C. G.","contributorId":79443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"C. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pfluke, J. H.","contributorId":77501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfluke","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steppe, J.A.","contributorId":22087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steppe","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seekins, L. C.","contributorId":99561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70009874,"text":"70009874 - 1977 - Empirical law for fault-creep events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-29T16:48:18.447247","indexId":"70009874","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical law for fault-creep events","docAbstract":"Fault-creep events measured on the San Andreas and related faults near Hollister, California, can be described by a rheological model consisting of a spring, power-law dashpotand sliding block connected in series. An empirical creep-event law, derived from many creep-event records analyzed within the constraints of the model, provides a remarkably simple and accurate representation of creep-event behavior. The empirical creep law is expressed by the equation: D(t)= Df [1−1/{ct(n−1)Dfn−1+1}/(n−1)] where D is the value of displacement at time t following the onset of an event, Df is the final equilibrium value of the event displacementand C is a proportionality constant. This discovery should help determine whether the time—displacement character of creep events is controlled by the material properties of fault gouge, or by other parameters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(77)90024-5","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Crough, S., and Burford, R.O., 1977, Empirical law for fault-creep events: Tectonophysics, v. 42, no. 1, p. T53-T59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(77)90024-5.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"T53","endPage":"T59","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Melendy Ranch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.22342633399354,\n 36.6280481223521\n ],\n [\n -121.22342633399354,\n 36.588697570110256\n ],\n [\n -121.16839941118548,\n 36.588697570110256\n ],\n [\n -121.16839941118548,\n 36.6280481223521\n ],\n [\n -121.22342633399354,\n 36.6280481223521\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a090ae4b0c8380cd51d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crough, S.Thomas","contributorId":85317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crough","given":"S.Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010181,"text":"70010181 - 1977 - Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T16:14:38.396079","indexId":"70010181","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Precambrian quartz dolerites and metadolerites of the central Bighorn Mountains form dikes that intrude a Precambrian metamorphic and igneous terrane typical of the Laramide uplifts of the middle Rocky Mountains. They have a restricted range of major- and trace-element compositions and are typical of basalts in the middle stages of tholeiitic fractionation. Fractionation in the direction of iron enrichment occurred by removal of plagioclase. Average element concentrations of the two groups are nearly identical to one another, are comparable to those in Archean metabasalts from numerous shield areas, and are intermediate between those of modern oceanic tholeiites and continental tholeiites. These average concentrations suggest a depth of magma generation and thickness of crust intermediate between those for the oceanic and continental environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(77)90010-9","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Armbrustmacher, T., 1977, Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dikes, central Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.: Precambrian Research, v. 4, no. 1, p. 13-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(77)90010-9.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218632,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.91969680894577,\n 44.808138289688515\n ],\n [\n -107.91969680894577,\n 43.983529012844144\n ],\n [\n -106.84232006071421,\n 43.983529012844144\n ],\n [\n -106.84232006071421,\n 44.808138289688515\n ],\n [\n -107.91969680894577,\n 44.808138289688515\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16e6e4b0c8380cd552e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbrustmacher, T.J.","contributorId":92642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbrustmacher","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009755,"text":"70009755 - 1977 - Paleoenvironmental analysis and correlation of a Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland Plateau, Southwest Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-12T16:09:56.146326","indexId":"70009755","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoenvironmental analysis and correlation of a Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland Plateau, Southwest Atlantic","docAbstract":"A comparison of Campanian-Maestrichtian cores from two localities on opposite sides of the Maurice Ewing Bank, at the eastern end of the east-west trending Falkland Plateau (Southwest Atlantic) reveals a significant change in faunal and floral assemblage characteristics across the Plateau. These changes are probably temperature dependent, and indicate that the Plateau served as an important barrier between water masses in the South Atlantic during late Cretaceous times.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-8398(77)90003-2","issn":"03778398","usgsCitation":"Ciesielski, P., Sliter, W., Wind, F., and Wise, S., 1977, Paleoenvironmental analysis and correlation of a Cretaceous Islas Orcadas core from the Falkland Plateau, Southwest Atlantic: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 2, p. 27-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(77)90003-2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Falkland Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.63450108756446,\n -50.39055596698847\n ],\n [\n -66.63450108756446,\n -52.51371426639593\n ],\n [\n -54.879451053786596,\n -52.51371426639593\n ],\n [\n -54.879451053786596,\n -50.39055596698847\n ],\n [\n -66.63450108756446,\n -50.39055596698847\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73dfe4b0c8380cd772ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ciesielski, P.F.","contributorId":24911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciesielski","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sliter, W.V.","contributorId":38997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"W.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wind, F.H.","contributorId":60766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wind","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wise, S.W. Jr.","contributorId":80409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"S.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010929,"text":"70010929 - 1977 - Suspended particulate loads and transports in the nepheloid layer of the abyssal Atlantic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T17:26:42.165821","indexId":"70010929","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended particulate loads and transports in the nepheloid layer of the abyssal Atlantic Ocean","docAbstract":"Vertical profiles of light scattering from over 1000 L-DGO nephelometer stations in the Atlantic Ocean have been used to calculate mass concentrations of suspended particles based on a calibration from the western North American Basin. From these data are plotted the distributions of particulate concentrations at clear water and in the more turbid near-bottom water. Clear water is the broad minimum in concentration and light scattering that occurs at varying mid-depths in the water column. Concentrations at clear water are as much as one-to-two orders of magnitude lower than those in surface water but still reflect a similar geographic distribution: relatively higher concentrations at ocean margins, especially underneath upwelling areas, and the lowest concentrations underneath central gyre areas. These distributions within the clear water reflect surface-water biogenic productivity, lateral injection of particles from shelf areas and surface circulation patterns and require that the combination of downward vertical and horizontal transport processes of particles retain this pattern throughout the upper water column.
Below clear water, the distribution of standing crops of suspended particulate concentrations in the lower water column are presented. The integration of mass of all particles per unit area (gross particulate standing crop) reflects a relative distribution similar to that at the surface and at clear water levels, superimposed on which is the strong imprint of boundary currents along the western margins of the Atlantic. Reducing the gross particulate standing crop by the integral of the concentration of clear water yields a net particulate standing crop. The distribution of this reflects primarily the interaction of circulating abyssal waters with the ocean bottom, i.e. a strong nepheloid layer which is coincident with western boundary currents and which diminishes in intensity equatorward.
The resuspended particulate loads in the nepheloid layer of the basins west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, resulting from interaction of abyssal currents with the bottom, range from ∼ 2 · 106 tons in the equatorial Guyana Basin to ∼ 50 · 106 tons in the North American Basin. The total resuspended particulate load in the western basins (111 · 106 tons) is almost an order of magnitude greater than that in the basins east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (13 · 106 tons). The net northward flux of resuspended particles carried in the AABW drops from ∼ 8 · 106 tons/year between the southern and northern ends of the Brazil Basin and remains ∼ 1 · 106 tons/year across the Guyana Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(77)90087-1","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Biscaye, P., and Eittreim, S., 1977, Suspended particulate loads and transports in the nepheloid layer of the abyssal Atlantic Ocean: Marine Geology, v. 23, no. 1-2, p. 155-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(77)90087-1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"172","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2fee4b08c986b31fae3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biscaye, P.E.","contributorId":16979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biscaye","given":"P.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eittreim, S.L.","contributorId":98730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eittreim","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70009782,"text":"70009782 - 1977 - Determination of 30 elements in coal and fly ash by thermal and epithermal neutron-activation analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T16:17:13.902517","indexId":"70009782","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of 30 elements in coal and fly ash by thermal and epithermal neutron-activation analysis","docAbstract":"Thirty elements are determined in coal and fly ash by instrumental neutron-activation analysis using both thermal and epithermal irradiation. Gamma-ray spectra were recorded 7 and 20 days after the irradiations. The procedure is applicable to the routine analysis of coals and fly ash. Epithermal irradiation was found preferable for the determination of Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, Sm, Tb, Hf, Ta, W, Th and U, whereas thermal irradiation was best for Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Yb and Lu. Results for SRM 1632 (coal) and SRM 1633 (fly ash) agree with those of other investigators.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(77)80125-2","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Rowe, J., and Steinnes, E., 1977, Determination of 30 elements in coal and fly ash by thermal and epithermal neutron-activation analysis: Talanta, v. 24, no. 7, p. 433-439, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(77)80125-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"439","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219646,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff86e4b0c8380cd4f232","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, J.J.","contributorId":29460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinnes, E.","contributorId":79603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinnes","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7821,"text":"ofr77131 - 1977 - Explanation to accompany preliminary map showing bedrock geology superposed on an aeromagnetic base map of the Worcester region, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:18:08","indexId":"ofr77131","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-131","title":"Explanation to accompany preliminary map showing bedrock geology superposed on an aeromagnetic base map of the Worcester region, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr77131","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Public Works, The State of Connecticut Geologic and Natural History Survey and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","usgsCitation":"Barosh, P.J., 1977, Explanation to accompany preliminary map showing bedrock geology superposed on an aeromagnetic base map of the Worcester region, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-131, Plate 1: 19.29 x 25.69 inches; Plate 2: 19.43 x 26.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77131.","productDescription":"Plate 1: 19.29 x 25.69 inches; Plate 2: 19.43 x 26.85 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr77131.png"},{"id":284485,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0131/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":284486,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0131/plate-2.pdf"}],"scale":"125000","country":"United States","state":"Connecticut;Massachusetts;Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Worcester Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.0,41.875 ], [ -73.0,42.5 ], [ -71.5,42.5 ], [ -71.5,41.875 ], [ -73.0,41.875 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd58cce4b0b290850f8507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barosh, Patrick James","contributorId":42184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barosh","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69280,"text":"a7 - 1977 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Guest Peninsula Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:32","indexId":"a7","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":305,"text":"Antarctic Map","code":"A","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Guest Peninsula Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/a7","usgsCitation":"Wade, F., Cathey, C., and Oldham, J., 1977, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Guest Peninsula Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Antarctic Map 7, 1 Sheet, 29 x 43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/a7.","productDescription":"1 Sheet, 29 x 43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112492,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://repository.agic.umn.edu/maps/usgs/geologic/a7_guest_peninsula/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":251474,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/07/report.pdf","size":"71","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251475,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/07/plate-1.pdf","size":"7067","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/07/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152,-77 ], [ -152,-76 ], [ -144,-76 ], [ -144,-77 ], [ -152,-77 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db698ff6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wade, F.A.","contributorId":85261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathey, C.A.","contributorId":88028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathey","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oldham, J.B.","contributorId":7362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldham","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":62077,"text":"a5 - 1977 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Alexandra Mountains Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:45","indexId":"a5","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":305,"text":"Antarctic Map","code":"A","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"5","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Alexandra Mountains Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/a5","usgsCitation":"Wade, F.A., Cathey, C.A., and Oldham, J.B., 1977, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Alexandra Mountains Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Antarctic Map 5, 1 Sheet, 32 x 32 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/a5.","productDescription":"1 Sheet, 32 x 32 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112494,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://repository.agic.umn.edu/maps/usgs/geologic/a5_alexandra_mountains/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":248270,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/05/report.pdf","size":"71","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":248271,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/05/plate-1.pdf","size":"3666","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/05/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156,-78.25 ], [ -156,-77 ], [ -150,-77 ], [ -150,-78.25 ], [ -156,-78.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a73e4b07f02db64371f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wade, F. Alton","contributorId":104143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathey, Carl A.","contributorId":83202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathey","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oldham, Jerry B.","contributorId":40279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldham","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":62071,"text":"a6 - 1977 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Boyd Glacier Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:45","indexId":"a6","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":305,"text":"Antarctic Map","code":"A","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Boyd Glacier Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/a6","usgsCitation":"Wade, F., Cathey, C., and Oldham, J., 1977, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Boyd Glacier Quadrangle, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Antarctic Map 6, 1 Sheet, 29 x 44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/a6.","productDescription":"1 Sheet, 29 x 44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112493,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://repository.agic.umn.edu/maps/usgs/geologic/a6_boyd_glacier/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":248260,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/06/report.pdf","size":"71","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":248261,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/06/plate-1.pdf","size":"6205","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/a/06/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152,-78 ], [ -152,-77 ], [ -144,-77 ], [ -144,-78 ], [ -152,-78 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a72e4b07f02db6432b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wade, F.A.","contributorId":85261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathey, C.A.","contributorId":88028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathey","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oldham, J.B.","contributorId":7362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldham","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":37640,"text":"tp92 - 1977 - Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:01","indexId":"tp92","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":89,"text":"Technical Paper","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"92","title":"Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)","docAbstract":"Eggs stripped from lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) spawning in Lake Michigan were incubated in the laboratory at temperatures similar to those on whitefish spawning grounds in Lake Michigan during December-April. Observed times from fertilization to attainment of each of 21 developmental stages were used to test a model that predicts the rate of development at daily fluctuating temperatures; the model relates rate of development for any given stage j, expressed as the reciprocal of time (Rj), to temperature (T). The generalized equation for a developmental stage is Rj = abTcT??.\nObserved times agreed well (5.5% mean difference for all stages) with times predicted by the model; the observed time of 135 days from fertilization to hatching (stage 21) was only 5 days (3.7%) less than the predicted time of 140 days. The model was further verified by applying it to unpublished data supplied by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, for eggs from Lake Huron whitefish incubated in the laboratory in untempered Lake Huron water.\nThe model was used to predict the effects of small temperature increases (caused by a hypothetical waste-heat discharge) on the rate of development and time of hatching of lake whitefish eggs. According to this simulation, continuous addition of waste heat sufficient to raise the temperature 1, 2, or 3 C above ambient on the spawning grounds during December-April would advance the time of hatching 8, 16, or 21 days, respectively. Possible effects of this advancement on the reproductive success of whitefish are discussed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Berlin, W.H., Brooke, L., and Stone, L.J., 1977, Verification of a model for predicting the effect of inconstant temperature on embryonic development of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis): Technical Paper 92, [2], 6 p. : graph ; 26 cm.","productDescription":"[2], 6 p. : graph ; 26 cm.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822006841605?urlappend=%3Bseq=479"},{"id":161735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berlin, William H.","contributorId":15574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooke, L.T.","contributorId":60589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooke","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, Linda J.","contributorId":30173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9562,"text":"ofr7765A - 1977 - Audio-magnetotelluric data log and station location map for Pinto Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:16","indexId":"ofr7765A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-65","chapter":"A","title":"Audio-magnetotelluric data log and station location map for Pinto Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr7765A","usgsCitation":"Hoover, D.B., and Batzle, M., 1977, Audio-magnetotelluric data log and station location map for Pinto Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-65, 3 leaves :map ;28 cm.; (4 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7765A.","productDescription":"3 leaves :map ;28 cm.; (4 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoover, Donald B.","contributorId":89877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batzle, Michael","contributorId":6449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batzle","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5887,"text":"pp995 - 1977 - Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8749,"text":"ofr75379 - 1975 - Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism","indexId":"ofr75379","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5887,"text":"pp995 - 1977 - Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism","indexId":"pp995","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T11:02:04","indexId":"pp995","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"995","title":"Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp995","usgsCitation":"Epstein, A.G., Epstein, J., and Harris, L.D., 1977, Conodont color alteration; an index to organic metamorphism: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 995, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp995.","productDescription":"27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0995/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":268333,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0995/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a316d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Anita G.","contributorId":47360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Epstein, Jack Burton","contributorId":64625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack Burton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Leonard Dorreen","contributorId":53787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"Dorreen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}