South Florida’s coast is a land of contrasts that appeals to almost everyone, whether they seek out quiet natural environments along the mangrove waterways and in the wilderness of the Everglades or vibrant international culture in Miami. Yet this paradise is threatened by a number of forces – changing climate, rising sea level, and too many people, to name a few. Florida’s past is filled with stories of dramatic change and resiliency, if we look at the geologic record. It also hints at the role of climate alone, in the absence of significant sea level change, in shaping the mangrove coast. Using our knowledge of present-day processes, such as impacts of storms on the mangroves, combined with our interpretation of the past geologic record, is the best way to anticipate future changes. The question is, have humans altered this landscape so much that the species and habitats have lost their natural resiliency, and if they have, what will happen to the people and the unique environments of south Florida?
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-52383-1_12","usgsCitation":"Wingard, G.L., 2020, Climate, sea level, and people - Changing South Florida's mangrove coast, p. 189-211, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52383-1_12.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"211","ipdsId":"IP-112945","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 24.926294766395593\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 24.926294766395593\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 27.01998400798257\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 27.01998400798257\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 24.926294766395593\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221555,"text":"70221555 - 2020 - Timescale methods for simplifying, understanding and modeling biophysical and water quality processes in coastal aquatic ecosystems: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-23T12:39:32.793452","indexId":"70221555","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-29T06:49:10","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timescale methods for simplifying, understanding and modeling biophysical and water quality processes in coastal aquatic ecosystems: A review","docAbstract":"In this article, we describe the use of diagnostic timescales as simple tools for illuminating how aquatic ecosystems work, with a focus on coastal systems such as estuaries, lagoons, tidal rivers, reefs, deltas, gulfs, and continental shelves. Intending this as a tutorial as well as a review, we discuss relevant fundamental concepts (e.g., Lagrangian and Eulerian perspectives and methods, parcels, particles, and tracers), and describe many of the most commonly used diagnostic timescales and definitions. Citing field-based, model-based, and simple algebraic methods, we describe how physical timescales (e.g., residence time, flushing time, age, transit time) and biogeochemical timescales (e.g., for growth, decay, uptake, turnover, or consumption) are estimated and implemented (sometimes together) to illuminate coupled physical-biogeochemical systems. Multiple application examples are then provided to demonstrate how timescales have proven useful in simplifying, understanding, and modeling complex coastal aquatic systems. We discuss timescales from the perspective of “holism”, the degree of process richness incorporated into them, and the value of clarity in defining timescales used and in describing how they were estimated. Our objective is to provide context, new applications and methodological ideas and, for those new to timescale methods, a starting place for implementing them in their own work.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w12102717","usgsCitation":"Lucas, L., and Deleersnijder, E., 2020, Timescale methods for simplifying, understanding and modeling biophysical and water quality processes in coastal aquatic ecosystems: A review: Water, v. 12, no. 10, 2717, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102717.","productDescription":"2717, 65 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119708","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102717","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, Lisa 0000-0001-7797-5517 llucas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7797-5517","contributorId":260498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Lisa","email":"llucas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deleersnijder, Eric 0000-0003-0346-9667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-9667","contributorId":260499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deleersnijder","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52602,"text":"Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering (IMMC) & Earth and Life Institute (ELI), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214236,"text":"sim3460 - 2020 - Potentiometric surfaces, 2011–12, and water-level differences between 1995 and 2011–12, in wells of the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, southwestern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-30T12:20:54.19763","indexId":"sim3460","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-28T10:47:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3460","displayTitle":"Potentiometric Surfaces, 2011–12, and Water-Level Differences Between 1995 and 2011–12, in Wells of the “200-Foot,” “500-Foot,” and “700-Foot” Sands of the Lake Charles Area, Southwestern Louisiana","title":"Potentiometric surfaces, 2011–12, and water-level differences between 1995 and 2011–12, in wells of the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, southwestern Louisiana","docAbstract":"Water levels were determined in 90 wells to prepare 2011–12 potentiometric surfaces focusing primarily on the “200-foot,” 500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, which are part of the Chicot aquifer system underlying Calcasieu and Cameron Parishes of southwestern Louisiana. These three aquifers provided 34 percent of the total water withdrawn and 93 percent of the groundwater withdrawn in Calcasieu and Cameron Parishes in 2012 (84.5 million gallons per day [Mgal/d]). This work was completed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, to assist in developing and evaluating groundwater-resource management strategies. The highest water levels determined in wells screened in the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands were about 8 feet (ft) above the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29), 2 ft below NGVD 29, and 14 ft below NGVD 29, respectively, and were located in northwestern Calcasieu Parish. The lowest water levels determined in wells screened in the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands were approximately 50, 80, and 70 ft below NGVD 29, respectively, and were located in the southern Lake Charles metropolitan area, to the west of Prien Lake, and between the cities of Lake Charles and Sulphur, respectively. The primary groundwater flow direction in these three aquifers was radially towards pumping centers overlying the water-level lows. Comparisons of water-level differences in 42 wells measured in 1995 and 2011–12 indicated that the maximum increases in water levels for wells screened in the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands were approximately 7, 31, and 19 ft, respectively. Water-level increases coincided with a decline in total groundwater withdrawals during the period (about 25 Mgal/d from 1995 to 2012) from these sands. More specifically, withdrawals from the “500-foot” sand affected water levels in wells screened in the “200-foot” and “700-foot” sands because the three are hydraulically connected and withdrawals from the “500-foot” sand were greater by volume than withdrawals from the “200-foot” and “700-foot” sands.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3460","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Griffith, J.M., 2020, Potentiometric surfaces, 2011–12, and water-level differences between 1995 and 2011–12, in wells of the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, southwestern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3460, 4 sheets, 11-p. pamphlet, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3460.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: viii, 11 p.; 4 Sheets: 32.00 x 28.00 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055171","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378720,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/sim3460_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","size":"932 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3460 Sheet 4"},{"id":378719,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/sim3460_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"1.29 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3460 Sheet 3"},{"id":378715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378718,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/sim3460_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"1.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3460 Sheet 2"},{"id":378716,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/sim3460_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"499 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3460 Pamphlet"},{"id":378717,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3460/sim3460_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"1.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3460 Sheet 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Charles area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.812255859375,\n 29.6594160549124\n ],\n [\n -92.61474609375,\n 29.6594160549124\n ],\n [\n -92.61474609375,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -93.812255859375,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -93.812255859375,\n 29.6594160549124\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
Reconstructed prairies can provide habitat for pollinating insects, an important ecosystem service. To optimize reconstructions for pollinators, goals may include enhancing flowering plant cover and richness and increasing bloom availability early and late in the growing season. Resistance to invasive exotic species must also be a goal in any reconstruction, but it is unclear how increasing forb richness and dominance may affect susceptibility to invasion. We compared planted forb richness and cover, cover of planted grasses, and persistence of exotic species 10 y post-planting of reconstructions with 58 species (extra-high richness), 34 species (high), 20 species (medium), and 10 species (low) planted at the same time in the same fields, and using the same methods and overall seeding rate at Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge in Iowa, USA. Planted forb richness and cover were higher and planted warm-season, but not cool-season, grass cover was lower in the extra-high richness plots. Mean Coefficient of Conservatism was higher and there was less cover of exotic forbs in the extra-high richness plots. Cover of exotic cool-season grasses was greater in the extra-high richness plots than in the lower-richness plots and this trend was still increasing at the last sample date. Our results are encouraging in that we increased cover of pollinator-friendly habitat, but invasive grasses are a concern as they may reduce forb cover and opportunities for ground-nesting bees in the long term.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3375/043.040.0322","usgsCitation":"Drobney, P., Larson, D.L., Larson, J.L., and Viste-Sparkman, K., 2020, Toward improving pollinator habitat: Reconstructing prairies with high forb diversity: Natural Areas Journal, v. 40, no. 3, p. 252-261, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.040.0322.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"261","ipdsId":"IP-102057","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.040.0322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PCJV5G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"High forb diversity prairie reconstruction at Neal Smith NWR 2005-2015"},{"id":389148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.31581115722656,\n 41.5201457403486\n ],\n [\n -93.23444366455078,\n 41.5201457403486\n ],\n [\n -93.23444366455078,\n 41.60902513908382\n ],\n [\n -93.31581115722656,\n 41.60902513908382\n ],\n [\n -93.31581115722656,\n 41.5201457403486\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drobney, Pauline","contributorId":178447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drobney","given":"Pauline","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L 0000-0002-6259-0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6259-0101","contributorId":257024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viste-Sparkman, Karen","contributorId":197593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viste-Sparkman","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70218208,"text":"70218208 - 2020 - Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-19T20:33:29.170078","indexId":"70218208","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-27T14:28:03","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5634,"text":"Atmosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes","docAbstract":"The largest explosive volcanic eruptions produce umbrella clouds that drive ash radially outward, enlarging the area that impacts aviation and ground-based communities. Models must consider the effects of umbrella spreading when forecasting hazards from these eruptions. In this paper we test a version of the advection–dispersion model Ash3d that considers umbrella spreading by comparing its simulations with observations from three well-documented umbrella-forming eruptions: (1) the 15 June 1991 eruption of Pinatubo (Philippines); (2) the 13 February 2014 eruption of Kelud (Indonesia); and (3) phase 2 of the 22–23 April 2015 eruption of Calbuco (Chile). In volume, these eruptions ranged from several cubic kilometers dense-rock equivalent (DRE) for Pinatubo to about one tenth for Calbuco. In mass eruption rate (MER), they ranged from 108–109 kg s−1 at Pinatubo to 9–16 × 106 kg s−1 at Calbuco. For each case we ran simulations that considered umbrella growth and ones that did not. All umbrella-cloud simulations produced a cloud whose area was within ~25% of the observed cloud by the end of the eruption. By the eruption end, the simulated areas of the Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco clouds were 851, 53.2, and 100 × 103 km2 respectively. These areas were 2.2, 2.2, and 1.5 times the areas calculated in simulations that ignored umbrella growth. For Pinatubo and Kelud, the umbrella simulations provided better agreement with the observed cloud area than the non-umbrella simulations. Each of these simulations extended 24 h from the eruption start. After the eruption ended, the difference in cloud area (umbrella minus non-umbrella) at Pinatubo persisted for many hours; at Kelud it diminished and became negative after 14 h and at Calbuco it became negative after ~23 h. The negative differences were inferred to result from the fact that non-umbrella simulations distributed ash over a wider vertical extent in the plume, and that wind shear spread the cloud out in multiple directions. Thus, for some smaller eruptions, wind shear can produce a larger cloud than might be produced by umbrella spreading alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/atmos11101038","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., and Van Eaton, A.R., 2020, Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes: Atmosphere, v. 11, no. 10, 1038, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101038.","productDescription":"1038, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121394","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455211,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101038","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NPYCRH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Observations and model simulations of umbrella-cloud growth during eruptions of Mount Pinatubo (Philippines, June 15, 1991), Kelud Volcano (Indonesia, February 14, 2014), and Calbuco Volcano (Chile, April 22-23, 2015)"},{"id":383397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile, Indonesia, Philippines","otherGeospatial":"Calbuco volcano, Kelud volcano, Pinatubo volcano","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":184079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70217181,"text":"70217181 - 2020 - Effects of dewatering on behavior, distribution, and abundance of larval lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T14:43:47.441892","indexId":"70217181","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-27T08:34:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of dewatering on behavior, distribution, and abundance of larval lampreys","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic dewatering of aquatic habitats can cause stranding and mortality of burrowed larval lampreys; however, the effects of dewatering have not been quantified. We assessed: (a) changes in spatial distribution, abundance, and emergence of larvae dewatered at Leaburg Reservoir (OR); (b) emergence and mortality of larvae dewatered in a laboratory; and (c) bias, precision, and interpretation of field results by simulation and modeling of laboratory results. In the field, we examined the distribution, abundance (by N‐mixture model), and density of larvae by electrofishing at randomly selected sites before dewatering and after refill, and assessed the emergence rate by observation and excavation during dewatering. Due to dewatering in the field, about 42% of larvae emerged and spatial distribution changed toward sites dewatered less than 20 hours. Estimated average density decreased from 10.8 larvae/m2 before dewatering to 2.3 larvae/m2 after refilling, suggesting that abundance declined by 79%; simulation suggested this decline ranged 71–84% (interquartile range). In the laboratory, we examined the emergence and mortality rates of larvae dewatered 0–48 hrs. The emergence rate in the laboratory was similar to that in the field. Mortality rate increased with hours dewatered and was higher for emerged than burrowed larvae. Laboratory estimates of mortality rate predicted a 61% decline in abundance if only burrowed larvae survived and a 54% decline if both burrowed and emerged larvae survived. Abundance declines in the field could be from mortality (e.g., desiccation, predation) and relocation to watered habitat. Our results indicate dewatering can substantially affect spatial distribution and abundance of larval lampreys in freshwater ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3730","usgsCitation":"Harris, J.E., Skalicky, J.J., Liedtke, T.L., Weiland, L.K., Clemens, B.J., and Gray, A.E., 2020, Effects of dewatering on behavior, distribution, and abundance of larval lampreys: River Research and Applications, v. 36, no. 10, p. 2001-2012, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3730.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2001","endPage":"2012","ipdsId":"IP-119069","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Leaburg Reservoir, McKenzie River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.068603515625,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -121.36596679687499,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -121.36596679687499,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n -124.068603515625,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n -124.068603515625,\n 43.75522505306928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Julianne E. 0000-0003-1343-5911","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1343-5911","contributorId":247527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Julianne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":49569,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 1211 SE Cardinal Court, Suite 100, Vancouver, Washington 98683","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skalicky, Joseph J. 0000-0002-6467-5037","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6467-5037","contributorId":247528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skalicky","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":49569,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 1211 SE Cardinal Court, Suite 100, Vancouver, Washington 98683","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weiland, Lisa K. 0000-0002-9729-4062 lweiland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-4062","contributorId":3565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiland","given":"Lisa","email":"lweiland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clemens, Benjamin J.","contributorId":195098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clemens","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Ann E.","contributorId":195113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70214530,"text":"70214530 - 2020 - Modeling soil porewater salinity in mangrove forests (Everglades, Florida, USA) impacted by hydrological restoration and a warming climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-30T14:56:14.381095","indexId":"70214530","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-26T09:49:06","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling soil porewater salinity in mangrove forests (Everglades, Florida, USA) impacted by hydrological restoration and a warming climate","docAbstract":"Hydrology is a critical driver controlling mangrove wetlands structural and functional attributes at different spatial and temporal scales. Yet, human activities have negatively affected hydrology, causing mangrove diebacks and coverage loss worldwide. In fact, the assessment of mangrove water budgets, impacted by natural and human disturbances, is limited due to a lack of long-term data and information that hinders our understanding of how changes in hydroperiod and salinity control mangrove productivity and spatial distribution. In this study, we implemented a mass balance-based hydrological model (RHYMAN) that explicitly considers groundwater discharge in the Shark River estuary (SRE, southwestern Everglades) located in a karstic geomorphic setting and influenced by regional hydrological restoration. We used long-term hydroperiod and porewater salinity (PWS) datasets obtained from 2004 to 2016 for model calibration and validation and to determine spatiotemporal variability in water levels and PWS at three riverine mangrove sites (downstream, SRS-6; midstream, SRS-5; upstream, SRS-4) along SRE. Model results agree with a distinct PWS pattern along the estuarine salinity gradient where the highest PWS occurs at SRS-6 (mean: 25, range: 22–30 ppt), followed by SRS-5 (17, 14–25 ppt) and SRS-4 (5, 3–13 ppt). A commensurate increase in PWS over a thirteen-year period indicates a long-term reduction in freshwater inflow coupled with sea-level rise (SLR). Increasing freshwater scenario simulation results show a significant reduction (17–27%) in PWS along the estuary in contrast with a high SLR scenario when salinity increases up to 1.1 to 2.5 times that of control values. Model results show that freshwater inflow and SLR are key drivers controlling mangrove wetlands PWS in this karstic coastal region. Given its relatively simple structure, this mass balance-based hydrological model could be used in other environmental settings to evaluate potential habitat and regime shifts due to changes in hydrology and PWS under regional hydrological restoration management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109292","usgsCitation":"Zhao, X., Rivera-Monroy, V.H., Wang, H., Xue, Z., Tsai, C., Willson, C.S., Castañeda-Moya, E., and Twilley, R.R., 2020, Modeling soil porewater salinity in mangrove forests (Everglades, Florida, USA) impacted by hydrological restoration and a warming climate: Ecological Modelling, v. 436, 109292, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109292.","productDescription":"109292, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117526","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/civil_engineering_pubs/1184","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.9085693359375,\n 25.06072125231416\n ],\n [\n -80.3814697265625,\n 25.06072125231416\n ],\n [\n -80.3814697265625,\n 26.48532391504829\n ],\n [\n -81.9085693359375,\n 26.48532391504829\n ],\n [\n -81.9085693359375,\n 25.06072125231416\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"436","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, Xiaochen","contributorId":219696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiaochen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, Victor H. 0000-0003-2804-4139","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-4139","contributorId":200322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Hongqing 0000-0002-2977-7732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-7732","contributorId":219641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongqing","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xue, Zuo 0000-0003-4018-0248","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-0248","contributorId":241655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xue","given":"Zuo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tsai, Cheng-Feng","contributorId":241949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsai","given":"Cheng-Feng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Willson, C. S.","contributorId":90440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Castañeda-Moya, E. 0000-0001-7759-4351","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-4351","contributorId":241657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castañeda-Moya","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Twilley, Robert R.","contributorId":34585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twilley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70216169,"text":"70216169 - 2020 - Climate- versus geographic-dependent patterns in the spatial distribution ofmacroinvertebrate assemblages in New World depressional wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T17:09:04.907627","indexId":"70216169","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-26T09:44:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate- versus geographic-dependent patterns in the spatial distribution ofmacroinvertebrate assemblages in New World depressional wetlands","docAbstract":"Analyses of biota at lower latitudes may presage impacts of climate change on biota at higher latitudes. Macroinvertebrate assemblages in depressional wetlands may be especially sensitive to climate change because weather‐related precipitation and evapotranspiration are dominant ecological controls on habitats, and organisms of depressional wetlands are temperature‐sensitive ectotherms. We aimed to better understand how wetland macroinvertebrate assemblages were structured according to geography and climate. To do so, we contrasted aquatic‐macroinvertebrate assemblage structure (family level) between subtropical and temperate depressional wetlands of North and South America using presence–absence data from 264 of these habitats across the continents and more‐detailed relative‐abundance data from 56 depressional wetlands from four case‐study locations (North Dakota and Georgia in North America; southern Brazil and Argentinian Patagonia in South America). Both data sets roughly partitioned wetland numbers equally between the two climatic zones and between the continents. We used ordination methods (PCA and NMDS) and tests of multivariate dispersion (PERMDISP) to assess the distribution and the homogeneity in variation in the composition of macroinvertebrate assemblages across climates and continents, respectively. We found that macroinvertebrate assemblage structures in the subtropical depressional wetlands of North and South America were similar to each other (at the family level), while assemblages in the North and South American temperate wetlands were unique from the subtropics, and from each other. Tests of homogeneity of multivariate dispersion indicated that family‐level assemblage structures were more homogeneous in wetlands from the subtropical than the temperate zones. Our study suggests that ongoing climate change may result in the homogenization of macroinvertebrate assemblage structures in temperate zones of North and South America, with those assemblages becoming enveloped by assemblages from the subtropics. Biotic homogenization, more typically associated with other kinds of anthropogenic factors, may also be affected by climate change.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020EO149557","usgsCitation":"Nadeau, P.A., Diefenbach, A., Hurwitz, S., and Swanson, D., 2020, From lava to water: A new era at Kīlauea: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EO149557.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118975","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020eo149557","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378964,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.29329299926758,\n 19.39471557731923\n ],\n [\n -155.23681640625,\n 19.39471557731923\n ],\n [\n -155.23681640625,\n 19.4395612768183\n ],\n [\n -155.29329299926758,\n 19.4395612768183\n ],\n [\n -155.29329299926758,\n 19.39471557731923\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nadeau, Patricia A. 0000-0002-6732-3686","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6732-3686","contributorId":215616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Angela K. 0000-0003-0214-7818","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0214-7818","contributorId":204743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Angela K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":800329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216653,"text":"70216653 - 2020 - Illegal killing of nongame wildlife and recreational shooting in conservation areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T12:43:39.435349","indexId":"70216653","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-25T11:09:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Illegal killing of nongame wildlife and recreational shooting in conservation areas","docAbstract":"Illegal killing of nongame wildlife is a global yet poorly documented problem. The prevalence and ecological consequences of illegal killing are often underestimated or completely unknown. We review the practice of legal recreational shooting and present data gathered from telemetry, surveys, and observations on its association with illegal killing of wildlife (birds and snakes) within conservation areas in Idaho, USA. In total, 33% of telemetered long‐billed curlews (Numenius americanus) and 59% of other bird carcasses found with known cause of death (or 32% of total) were illegally shot. Analysis of spatial distributions of illegal and legal shooting is consistent with birds being shot illegally in the course of otherwise legal recreational shooting, but snakes being intentionally sought out and targeted elsewhere, in locations where they congregate. Preliminary public surveys indicate that most recreational shooters find abhorrent the practice of illegal killing of wildlife. Viewed through this lens, our data may imply only a small fraction of recreational shooters is responsible for this activity. This study highlights a poorly known conservation problem that could have broad implications for some species and populations of wildlife.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.279","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., Carlisle, J.D., Poessel, S.A., Thomason, E.C., Pauli, B.P., Pilliod, D.S., Belthoff, J.R., Heath, J.A., Parker, K.J., Warner, K.S., Hayes, H., Aberg, M., Ortiz, P., Amdor, S., Alsup, S., Coates, S.E., Miller, T.A., and Duran, Z.K., 2020, Illegal killing of nongame wildlife and recreational shooting in conservation areas: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 2, no. 11, e279, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.279.","productDescription":"e279, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117712","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.279","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.83959960937499,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -115.323486328125,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -115.323486328125,\n 43.92163712834673\n ],\n [\n -116.83959960937499,\n 43.92163712834673\n ],\n [\n -116.83959960937499,\n 43.14909399920127\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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Physical and economic data about water in many nations are becoming more widely integrated through application of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts for Water (SEEA-Water), which enables the tracking of linkages between water and the economy. We present the first national and subnational SEEA-Water accounts for the United States. We compile accounts for water: (1) physical supply and use, (2) productivity, (3) quality, and (4) emissions for roughly the years 2000 to 2015. Total U.S. water use declined by 22% from 2000 to 2015, falling in 44 states though groundwater use increased in 21 states. Water-use reductions, combined with economic growth, led to increases in water productivity for the overall national economy (65%), mining (99%), and agriculture (68%). Surface-water quality trends were most evident at regional levels, and differed by water-quality constituent and region. This work provides (1) a baseline of recent historical water resource trends and their value in the U.S., and (2) a roadmap for the completion of future accounts for water, a critical ecosystem service. Our work also aids in the interpretation of ecosystem accounts in the context of long-term water resources trends.
heir value in the U.S., and (2) a roadmap for the completion of future accounts for water, a critical ecosystem service. Our work also aids in the interpretation of ecosystem accounts in the context of long-term water resources trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101182","usgsCitation":"Bagstad, K.J., Ancona, Z.H., Hass, J.L., Glynn, P.D., Wentland, S., Vardon, M., and Fay, J.P., 2020, Integrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the United States: Lessons and opportunities: Ecosystem Services, v. 45, 101182, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101182.","productDescription":"101182, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104799","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TUTMAT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for Integrating physical and economic data into experimental water accounts for the 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kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ancona, Zachary H. 0000-0001-5430-0218 zancona@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-0218","contributorId":5578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ancona","given":"Zachary","email":"zancona@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hass, Julie L.","contributorId":211867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hass","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wentland, Scott","contributorId":211876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wentland","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":38340,"text":"Bureau of Economic Analysis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vardon, 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Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T21:37:34.223766","indexId":"70214980","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-25T09:03:38","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting bird guilds using vegetation composition and structure on a wild and scenic river in Arizona","docAbstract":"Riparian areas are among the most ecologically diverse terrestrial ecosystems but make up <2% of landscape area in southwestern USA. Many species of resident and neotropical migratory birds utilize riparian habitats for breeding, foraging, and nesting. We quantified vegetation composition and structure to predict bird guilds on Wild and Scenic portions of the Verde River, Arizona. We grouped plant species into guilds based on similar functional traits to describe composition. We surveyed birds during the breeding and migrating season to determine abundance and categorized species into guilds using preferences of breeding habitat, foraging substrate, and nest placement. Riparian obligate and facultative breeding guilds were most common. Both vegetation composition and structure were useful predictors of birds. Vegetation structure was most complex in gallery riparian forest. Abundance of riparian-obligate birds in the breeding guild were positively associated with vegetation structure of dense, multi-canopy canopy and tall trees. Abundance of most bird guilds were positively associated with composition of tall trees (Populus fremontii, Salix gooddingii) and drought tolerant shrubs (Prosopis velutina, Celtis reticulata). Our findings show complex riparian habitat important to wildlife is created by both composition and structure of near-stream vegetation that is tied to hydrology and sensitive to flow change.
Spanning Canada, the United States, and Mexico, North America contains two populations of the migratory monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). The smaller “western” population overwinters in groves along the California coast and breeds west of the Rocky Mountains, while the much larger “eastern” population breeds east of the Rocky Mountains and overwinters in Oyamel fir forests in central Mexico. Both populations have declined in the last 20 to 30 years, leading to a formal petition in 2014 to list the species as threatened or endangered under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) and a recommendation in 2016 for listing as endangered under the Canadian Species at Risk act.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2020.576281","usgsCitation":"Diffendorfer, J., Thogmartin, W.E., Drum, R.G., and Schultz, C.B., 2020, Editorial: North American monarch butterfly ecology and conservation: Frontiers in Ecology and Conservation, v. 8, 576281, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.576281.","productDescription":"576281, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118385","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.576281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":403469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Mexico, United 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Maria L.","contributorId":292974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pappas","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846363,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Diffendorfer, James E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":3208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"James E.","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":846331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":846332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drum, Ryan G.","contributorId":171941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drum","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultz, Cheryl B. 0000-0003-3388-8950","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-8950","contributorId":292946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":846334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216488,"text":"70216488 - 2020 - Sea‐level rise will drive divergent sediment transport patterns on fore reefs and reef flats, potentially causing erosion on atoll islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T14:12:16.975375","indexId":"70216488","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-25T07:58:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7358,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research – Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea‐level rise will drive divergent sediment transport patterns on fore reefs and reef flats, potentially causing erosion on atoll islands","docAbstract":"Atoll reef islands primarily consist of unconsolidated sediment, and their ocean‐facing shorelines are maintained by sediment produced and transported across their reefs. Changes in incident waves can alter cross‐shore sediment exchange and, thus, affect the sediment budget and morphology of atoll reef islands. Here we investigate the influence of sea level rise and projected wave climate change on wave characteristics and cross‐shore sediment transport across an atoll reef at Kwajalein Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Using a phase‐resolving model, we quantify the influence on sediment transport of quantities not well captured by wave‐averaged models, namely, wave asymmetry and skewness and flow acceleration. Model results suggest that for current reef geometry, sea level, and wave climate, potential bedload transport is directed onshore, decreases from the fore reef to the beach, and is sensitive to the influence of flow acceleration. We find that a projected 12% decrease in annual wave energy by 2100 CE has negligible influence on reef flat hydrodynamics. However, 0.5–2.0 m of sea level rise increases wave heights, skewness, and shear stress on the reef flat and decreases wave skewness and shear stress on the fore reef. These hydrodynamic changes decrease potential sediment inputs onshore from the fore reef where coral production is greatest but increase potential cross‐reef sediment transport from the outer reef flat to the beach. Assuming sediment production on the fore reef remains constant or decreases due to increasing ocean temperatures and acidification, these processes have the potential to decrease net sediment delivery to atoll islands, causing erosion.
Stream fish survival and recruitment are products of a physicochemical environment that affects growth and provides refuge; yet, the drivers of spatiotemporal variation in juvenile fish abundance remain unclear. Understanding how physicochemical conditions drive spatial and temporal patterns in fish abundances provides insight into how conditions across stream networks influence fish population success, thereby providing direction to managers about the types and locations of conservation actions that would be most beneficial. Using snorkel and habitat surveys of 120 sites sampled from 2015 to 2017, we evaluated the multiscale relationships among physicochemical features, hydrology, and age-0 Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu velox) abundance in relation to network spatial position. Abundance of age-0 bass was spatiotemporally variable in relation to a July streamflow–network position interaction, a pool depth–stream size interaction, and a stream temperature–network position interaction. High flows at the end of the nesting season were related to lower age-0 abundance, but this effect was dampened in stream reaches in close proximity to larger mainstems. In small streams, reaches with deeper pool habitat supported higher age-0 bass abundances, but this trend was not apparent in larger tributaries and mainstem systems. Generally, colder streams had lower age-0 Smallmouth Bass abundance, though this relationship was not apparent in reaches adjacent to larger streams that generally supported higher age-0 bass abundances. Conservation actions that (1) facilitate habitat connectivity within and among streams, (2) limit future anthropogenic practices that alter natural geomorphology by creating shallower stream channels, and (3) maintain adequate flow magnitude and timing to support channel complexity (e.g., deeper pools within smaller catchments) would be most beneficial to supporting rearing habitat for age-0 riverine Smallmouth Bass.
Sequoia Scientific’s LISST-ABS is a submersible acoustic instrument that measures the acoustic backscatter sensor (ABS) concentration at a point within a river, stream, or creek. Compared to traditional physical methods for measuring suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), sediment surrogates like the LISST-ABS offer continuous data that can be calibrated with physical SSC samples. Data were collected at 10 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations between January 10, 2016, and February 21, 2018, across the contiguous United States to test the accuracy and effectiveness of using the LISST-ABS as a surrogate for measuring the concentration of suspended sediment in a dynamic fluvial system. Correlation coefficients (Pearson’s r values) relating the ABS concentration and SSC from physical samples ranged from r = 0.718 to r = 0.956 at the 10 stations with the mean percentage of fines (percentage of the sediment less than 62.5 microns in diameter) ranging from 65 to 100 percent (with minimum and maximum values of 18 and 100 percent, respectively). The LISST-ABS instruments used in this field evaluation were factory-calibrated to accurately determine SSC for grains in the diameter range of 75–90 microns. Note that the sensor responds to grains of arbitrary sizes, but the accuracy varies at sizes other than this calibration size. For operational use, regression models could be determined for the ABS concentrations and SSC values or the instrument could be recalibrated to sediments for each fluvial environment. However, such calibrations were beyond the scope of this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201096","collaboration":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project and Observing Systems Division","usgsCitation":"Manaster, A.E., Straub, T.D., Wood, M.S., Bell, J.M., Dombroski, D.E., and Curran, C.A., 2020, Field evaluation of the Sequoia Scientific LISST-ABS acoustic backscatter sediment sensor: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1096, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201096.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-116096","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1096/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378644,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1096/ofr20201096.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020–1096"},{"id":378645,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LROJE4","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Data for field evaluation of the Sequoia Scientific LISST-ABS acoustic backscatter sediment sensor"}],"contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
The key to Nelson’s Sparrow (Ammospiza nelsoni nelsoni) management is providing dense grasses or emergent vegetation near damp areas or freshwater wetlands. Nelson’s Sparrows have been reported to use habitats with 20–122 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 41 cm visual obstruction reading, 40–58 percent grass cover, 24 percent forb cover, 5 percent shrub cover, 13 percent bare ground, and 2–7 cm litter depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842KK","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., Igl, L.D., Johnson, D.H., Sondreal, M.L., Goldade, C.M., Rabie, P.A., and Euliss, B.R., 2020, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Nelson’s Sparrow (Ammospiza nelsoni nelsoni), chap. KK of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842KK.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-095138","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/kk/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378705,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/kk/pp1842kk.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.00 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–KK"}],"contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
Migration is a period of high activity and exposure during which risks and energetic demand on individuals may be greater than during nonmigratory periods. Stopover locations can help mitigate these threats by providing supplemental energy en route to the animal’s end destination. Effective conservation of migratory species therefore requires an understanding of use of space that provides resources to migratory animals at stopover sites. We conducted a radio-telemetry study of a short-distance migrant, the American Woodcock (Scolopax minor), at an important stopover site, the Cape May Peninsula, New Jersey. Our objectives were to describe land-cover types used by American Woodcock and evaluate home range habitat selection for individuals that stopover during fall migration and those that choose to overwinter. We radio-marked 271 individuals and collected 1,949 locations from these birds (0–21 points individual–1) over 4 yr (2010 to 2013) to inform resource selection functions of land-cover types and other landscape characteristics by this species. We evaluated these relationships at multiple spatial extents for (1) birds known to have ultimately left the peninsula (presumed migrants), and (2) birds known to have remained on the peninsula into the winter (presumed winter residents). We found that migrants selected deciduous wetland forest, agriculture, mixed shrub, coniferous wetland forest, and coniferous shrub, while wintering residents selected deciduous wetland forest, coniferous shrub, and deciduous shrub. We used these results to develop predictive models of potential habitat: 7.80% of the peninsula was predicted to be potential stopover habitat for American Woodcock (95% classification accuracy) and 4.96% of the peninsula was predicted to be potential wintering habitat (85% classification accuracy). Our study is the first to report habitat relationships for migratory American Woodcock in the coastal U.S. and provides important spatial tools for local and regional managers to support migratory and winter resident woodcock populations into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/duaa046","usgsCitation":"Allen, B.L., McAuley, D., and Blomberg, E.J., 2020, Migratory status determines resource selection by American Woodcock at an important fall stopover, Cape May, New Jersey: The Condor, duaa046, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa046.","productDescription":"duaa046, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092164","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7R49PZ2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Multiscale resource selection by American Woodcock (Scolopax minor) during fall migration at Cape May, New Jersey"},{"id":379018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Cape May","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.6024169921875,\n 38.852542390364235\n ],\n [\n -74.06982421875,\n 38.852542390364235\n ],\n [\n -74.06982421875,\n 39.51675478434244\n ],\n [\n -75.6024169921875,\n 39.51675478434244\n ],\n [\n -75.6024169921875,\n 38.852542390364235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Brian L.","contributorId":171560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, Daniel 0000-0003-3674-6392 dmcauley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":215182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcauley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blomberg, Erik J.","contributorId":17543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blomberg","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70215097,"text":"70215097 - 2020 - Why did Great Basin Eocene magmatism generate Carlin-type gold deposits when extensive Jurassic to Middle Miocene magmatism did not? Lessons from the Cortez Region, Northern Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T14:06:42.685909","indexId":"70215097","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-24T09:03:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Why did Great Basin Eocene magmatism generate Carlin-type gold deposits when extensive Jurassic to Middle Miocene magmatism did not? Lessons from the Cortez Region, Northern Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Vision for discovery: Geological Society of Nevada symposium proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"8th Symposium of Geological Society of Nevada","conferenceDate":"May 14-24, 2020","conferenceLocation":"Reno/Lake Tahoe, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of Nevada","usgsCitation":"Henry, C., John, D.A., Heizler, M.T., Leonardson, R.W., Colgan, J.P., Watts, K., Ressel, M.W., and Cousens, B.L., 2020, Why did Great Basin Eocene magmatism generate Carlin-type gold deposits when extensive Jurassic to Middle Miocene magmatism did not? Lessons from the Cortez Region, Northern Nevada, USA, in Vision for discovery: Geological Society of Nevada symposium proceedings, Reno/Lake Tahoe, NV, May 14-24, 2020.","ipdsId":"IP-115532","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Cortez region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.6143798828125,\n 40.11588965267845\n ],\n [\n -115.87829589843751,\n 40.11588965267845\n ],\n [\n -115.87829589843751,\n 40.67647212850004\n ],\n [\n -116.6143798828125,\n 40.67647212850004\n ],\n [\n -116.6143798828125,\n 40.11588965267845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":175501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[{"id":6689,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heizler, Matt T. 0000-0002-3911-4932","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3911-4932","contributorId":229568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heizler","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":41669,"text":"New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, New Mexico Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leonardson, Robert W.","contributorId":242799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonardson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Watts, Kathryn E. 0000-0002-6110-7499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6110-7499","contributorId":204344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kathryn E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ressel, Michael W.","contributorId":242800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ressel","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6689,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cousens, Brian L. 0000-0002-9704-6974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9704-6974","contributorId":242801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cousens","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70214091,"text":"sim3461 - 2020 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70214091,"text":"sim3461 - 2020 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas","indexId":"sim3461","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Geologic Framework and Hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity Aquifers Within Northern Medina County, Texas","title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70258397,"text":"sim3526 - 2024 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas","indexId":"sim3526","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70258397,"text":"sim3526 - 2024 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas","indexId":"sim3526","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-20T17:56:40.050301","indexId":"sim3461","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-24T08:37:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3461","displayTitle":"Geologic Framework and Hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity Aquifers Within Northern Medina County, Texas","title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas","docAbstract":"The karstic Edwards and Trinity aquifers are classified as major sources of water in south-central Texas by the Texas Water Development Board. During 2018–20 the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority, mapped and described the geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the rocks composing the Edwards and Trinity aquifers in northern Medina County from field observations of the surficial expressions of the rocks. The thicknesses of the mapped lithostratigraphic members and hydrostratigraphic units were also estimated from field observations.
The Cretaceous-age rocks (listed in ascending order) in the study area are part of the Trinity Group (lower and upper members of the Glen Rose Limestone), Edwards Group (Kainer Formation [and its stratigraphic equivalent, the Fort Terrett Formation] and Person Formation), Devils River Limestone, Washita Group (Georgetown Formation, Del Rio Clay, and Buda Limestone), Eagle Ford Group, Austin Group, Taylor Group, and Late Cretaceous igneous intrusive rocks. The groups and formations are composed primarily of relatively thick layers of clays, shales, and limestone. The igneous rocks are coarse-grained ultramafic in composition.
The principal structural feature in northern Medina County is the Balcones fault zone, which is the result of late Oligocene and early Miocene extensional faulting and fracturing resulting from the eastern Edwards Plateau uplift. In the Balcones fault zone, most of the faults in the study area are high-angle to vertical, en echelon, normal faults that are predominately downthrown to the southeast.
Hydrostratigraphically, the rocks exposed in the study area (listed in descending order from land surface as they appear in a stratigraphic column) are igneous, the upper confining unit to the Edwards aquifer, the Edwards aquifer, the upper zone of the Trinity aquifer, and the upper part of the middle zone of the Trinity aquifer. The karstic carbonate Edwards and Trinity aquifers developed as a result of their original depositional history, primary and secondary porosity, diagenesis, fracturing, and faulting. These factors have resulted in development of modified porosity, permeability, and transmissivity within and between the aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3461","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., Morris, R.E., and Pedraza, D.E., 2020, Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3461, 13 p. pamphlet, 1 pl., scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3461.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 13 p.; Sheet: 48 inches x 36 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-112816","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378661,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HHMBX8","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial dataset of the geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within northern Medina County, Texas, at 1:24,000 scale"},{"id":378659,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3461/sim3461_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"1.71 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3461 Pamphlet"},{"id":378658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3461/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":378660,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3461/sim3461.pdf","text":"Map sheet","size":"30.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3461"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Medina County","otherGeospatial":"Edwards and Trinity Aquifers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.46609497070312,\n 29.31514119318728\n ],\n [\n -98.79867553710936,\n 29.31514119318728\n ],\n [\n -98.79867553710936,\n 29.6510621496229\n ],\n [\n -99.46609497070312,\n 29.6510621496229\n ],\n [\n -99.46609497070312,\n 29.31514119318728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
Die-offs of seabirds in Alaska have occurred with increased frequency since 2015. In 2018, on St. Lawrence Island, seabirds were reported washing up dead on beaches starting in late May, peaking in June, and continuing until early August. The cause of death was documented to be starvation, leading to the conclusion that a severe food shortage was to blame. We use physiology and colony-based observations to examine whether food shortage is a sufficient explanation for the die-off, or if evidence indicates an alternative cause of starvation such as disease. Specifically, we address what species were most affected, the timing of possible food shortages, and food shortage severity in a historical context. We found that thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) were most affected by the die-off, making up 61% of all bird carcasses encountered during beach surveys. Thick-billed murre carcasses were proportionately more numerous (26:1) than would be expected based on ratios of thick-billed murres to co-occurring common murres (U. aalge) observed on breeding study plots (7:1). Concentrations of the stress hormone corticosterone, a reliable physiological indicator of nutritional stress, in thick-billed murre feathers grown in the fall indicate that foraging conditions in the northern Bering Sea were poor in the fall of 2017 and comparable in severity to those experienced by murres during the 1976–1977 Bering Sea regime shift. Concentrations of corticosterone in feathers grown during the pre-breeding molt indicate that foraging conditions in late winter 2018 were similar to previous years. The 2018 murre egg harvest in the village of Savoonga (on St. Lawrence Is.) was one-fifth the 1993–2012 average, and residents observed that fewer birds laid eggs in 2018. Exposure of thick-billed murres to nutritional stress in August, however, was no different in 2018 compared to 2016, 2017, and 2019, and was comparable to levels observed on St. George Island in 2003–2017. Prey abundance, measured by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in bottom-trawl surveys, was also similar in 2018 to 2017 and 2019, supporting the evidence that food was not scarce in the summer of 2018 in the vicinity of St. Lawrence Island. Of two moribund thick-billed murres collected at the end of the mortality event, one tested positive for a novel re-assortment H10 strain of avian influenza with Eurasian components, likely contracted during the non-breeding season. It is not currently known how widely spread infection of murres with the novel virus was, thus insufficient evidence exists to attribute the die-off to an outbreak of avian influenza. We conclude that food shortage alone is not an adequate explanation for the mortality of thick-billed murres in 2018, and highlight the importance of rapid response to mortality events in order to document alternative or confounding causes of mortality.
The Science Data Management Branch (SDM) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides data management expertise and leadership and develops guidance and tools to support the USGS in providing the nation with reliable scientific information on the basis of which to describe the Earth. The SDM suite of tools supports the USGS Data Management Lifecycle by facilitating quality assurance, description, curation, and publishing of the Bureau's scientific data. The SDM suite of tools includes the USGS Data Management Website, USGS Science Data Catalog, Digital Object Identifier Tool, ScienceBase, ScienceBase Data Release Tool, Metadata Wizard, and Online Metadata Editor.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20203041","usgsCitation":"Hutchison, V.B., Liford, A.N., McClees-Funinan, Ricardo, Zolly, Lisa, Ignizio, D.A., Langseth, M.L., Serna, B.S., Sellers, E.A., Hsu, Leslie, Norkin, Tamar, McNiff, Marcia, Donovan, G.C., 2020, USGS enterprise tools for efficient and effective management of science data: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2020–3041, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203041.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38128,"text":"Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378676,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3041/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378677,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3041/fs20203041.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.42 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2020-3041"}],"contact":"Director, Science Analytics and Synthesis
U.S. Geological Survey
108 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192