Decatur County and several other counties in south-central Iowa comprise an area that has been chronically short of good-quality water. Municipalities, industries and rural water users alike have been affected by the water shortage. Municipalities have experienced serious problems in obtaining potable supplies adequate to keep pace with their growth and development: industrial expansion has been hindered and continues to be hindered by the shortage of good-quality water; and rural supplies for domestic and livestock use are difficult to obtain at many places. The increased use of water for all purposes and periodic drought conditions have greatly magnified an already serious problem of water shortage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Iowa Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Cagle, J., and Steinhilber, W.L., 1967, Availability of ground water in Decatur County, Iowa: Iowa Geological Survey Water Atlas 2, v, 28 p.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324447,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70174084/IGS_Water_Atlas_Number_2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.43 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Decatur County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.558,40.8985],[-93.5573,40.811],[-93.5566,40.7234],[-93.5565,40.6372],[-93.5565,40.5789],[-93.6866,40.5783],[-93.7784,40.5769],[-93.9589,40.5743],[-94.0182,40.5735],[-94.0169,40.6376],[-94.0163,40.7228],[-94.0163,40.8099],[-94.0151,40.8961],[-93.9014,40.897],[-93.7884,40.8987],[-93.6741,40.8989],[-93.6109,40.8989],[-93.558,40.8985]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Decatur\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57724e2de4b07657d1a81947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cagle, J.W.","contributorId":36229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagle","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinhilber, W. L.","contributorId":79456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinhilber","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173977,"text":"70173977 - 1967 - Evaluation of potential sources of water in Crater Lake Natonal Park, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T15:49:21","indexId":"70173977","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Evaluation of potential sources of water in Crater Lake Natonal Park, Oregon","docAbstract":"Crater Lake National Park, in volcanic terrain at the crest of the southern Cascade Range, is well watered by a 67-inch average annual precipitation, measured at park headquarters. Existing park facilities utilize springs that provide quantities of water adequate for present-day as well as foreseeable future needs.
\nGround water occurs under both perched and water-table conditions in the park. Perched ground-water bodies drain to the numerous springs that issue at various altitudes. Test drilling in the northern part failed to locate perched-water bodies capable of supplying quantities of water adequate for proposed facilities, and established that the regional water table is at an altitude below 4,960 feet.
\nMany springs and streams at altitudes below 6,500 feet in the western, southern, and southeastern parts discharge quantities of water adequate for a variety of park facilities. Future park-facility development should take into account where water supplies are available. The western, southern, and southeastern parts of the park are more favorable than the northern part in this respect.
\nIn the northern part of the park, where there are no springs or streams, artificial catchment aprons and storage facilities could be constructed to provide water to points of use. A 100- by 100-foot catchment apron and suitably sized storage tank could provide as much as 1,850 gallons per day for 120 days.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/70173977","usgsCitation":"Hampton, E.R., 1967, Evaluation of potential sources of water in Crater Lake Natonal Park, Oregon: Open-File Report, Report: i, 16 p.; Figure: 9.86 x 15.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70173977.","productDescription":"Report: i, 16 p.; Figure: 9.86 x 15.92 inches","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70173977.jpg"},{"id":324141,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70173977/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324162,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70173977/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29019165039062,\n 42.79741601927622\n ],\n [\n -122.29019165039062,\n 43.08894918346591\n ],\n [\n -121.98257446289062,\n 43.08894918346591\n ],\n [\n -121.98257446289062,\n 42.79741601927622\n ],\n [\n -122.29019165039062,\n 42.79741601927622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913bae4b07657d19ff04e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, E. R.","contributorId":57038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207462,"text":"70207462 - 1967 - ALVIN dives on the continental margin off the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T16:13:14.205593","indexId":"70207462","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-31T15:47:54","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"ALVIN dives on the continental margin off the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"In late June and July, 1967, the Deep Submergence Research Vehicle (DSRV) ALVIN, aboard its mother snip, LULU, proceeded from the spring base of operations, Nassau, to its home port of Woods Hole. During this trip, from July 2 to July 14, a series of five dives were made by ALVIN on the Blake Plateau off Georgia and South Carolina, and on the continental slope north of Cape Hatteras.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70207462","usgsCitation":"Milliman, J.D., Manheim, F.T., Pratt, R.M., and Zarudzki, E.F., 1967, ALVIN dives on the continental margin off the southeastern United States, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70207462.","productDescription":"70 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blake Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 30.741835717889792\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 30.278044377800153\n ],\n [\n -76.8658447265625,\n 32.30106302536928\n ],\n [\n -76.4373779296875,\n 33.280027811732154\n ],\n [\n -78.5687255859375,\n 33.865854454071865\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 33.62376800118811\n ],\n [\n -79.2169189453125,\n 33.18353672893615\n ],\n [\n -79.85412597656249,\n 32.778037985363675\n ],\n [\n -80.3594970703125,\n 32.47732919639942\n ],\n [\n -80.57373046875,\n 32.26855544621476\n ],\n [\n -81.112060546875,\n 31.793555207271424\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 30.741835717889792\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milliman, John D.","contributorId":213518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milliman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38770,"text":"College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, R. M.","contributorId":41485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zarudzki, E. F. K.","contributorId":86759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarudzki","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171294,"text":"70171294 - 1967 - Climate and streamflow of Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T11:46:50","indexId":"70171294","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-31T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1185,"text":"Caribbean Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate and streamflow of Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The presently available data on streamflow, runoff rainfall, and temperature of Puerto Rico are evaluated, although the period of record is very short, with a view to contributing to the knowledge of hydrology of tropical islands. The average annual streamflow in Puerto Rico is 45 percent of the annual rainfall, or 15 percent more than in the eastern piedmont of the U.S. where it is 30 percent. Climate is assumed to be responsible for this difference as well as for the differences of the flows of Puerto Rican streams which vary from 15 to 85 percent of the annual rainfall. Variations in the climate of Puerto Rico are shown by Thornthwaite's climatic index on a map of the island, and the variations of the streamflow to rainfall ratios of Puerto Rican streams are shown to be related to Thornthwaite's climatic index.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Puerto Rico","usgsCitation":"Giusti, E., and Lopez, M.A., 1967, Climate and streamflow of Puerto Rico: Caribbean Journal of Science, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 87-93.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"93","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57481e2de4b07e28b664db8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giusti, E.V.","contributorId":51342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giusti","given":"E.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez, M. A.","contributorId":12493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197629,"text":"70197629 - 1967 - Devonian rocks of the Yukon-Porcupine Rivers area and their tectonic relation to other Devonian sequences in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-14T08:52:54","indexId":"70197629","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Devonian rocks of the Yukon-Porcupine Rivers area and their tectonic relation to other Devonian sequences in Alaska","docAbstract":"Devonian rocks along the Yukon River near the Alaska-Yukon boundary comprise 250 feet of limestone and shale and 800 feet of chert and siliceous shale, all referred to the McCann Hill Chert of Early to Late Devonian age; about 3,000 feet of non-marine chert-pebble conglomerate, graywacke, and shale of the Nation River Formation (Late Devonian); and about 3,000 feet of an unnamed chert and siliceous shale formation, of Late Devonian to Early or Late Mississippian age. The McCann Hill Chert apparently rests disconformably on graptolitic shale of the Road River Formation that has a succession of graptolite zones ranging in age from Ordovician to possibly Early Devonian.
The Devonian succession along the Porcupine River, 170 miles north of the Yukon River locality, consists of 600 feet of Salmon-trout Limestone, overlain by 200 feet of unnamed shale and about 500 feet of unnamed dolomite. The Salmontrout Limestone rests accordantly and probably conformably on graptolitic shale with Monograptus hercynicus of Late Silurian or Early Devonian age, and the dolomite is overlain unconformably by limestone and shale of Carboniferous age.
Tentaculitid faunas from the top of the Salmontrout Limestone and from the basal limestone and shale member of the McCann Hill Chert are similar and indicate that the units are partly correlative. These faunas and others throughout the Salmontrout resemble those from the Lower Devonian of Bohemia, indicating that the Salmontrout Limestone and the limestone and shale member of the McCann Hill Chert are somewhat older than previously reported. The faunas, and those from the underlying graptolitic shales, also suggest that sedimentation in this area of Alaska was nearly continuous from Late Silurian into the Earliest Devonian, and that there is little record of Caledonian earth movements.
The stratigraphy of the Porcupine River area is not as yet well enough established to determine if rocks equivalent in age to the Nation River Formation are present, were once present and have since been eroded, or were never deposited.
Pillow basalt and andesitic breccia, although closely associated with Devonian limestone in the western part of the Yukon-Porcupine Rivers area, seem only structurally related and of different age.
Devonian rocks in southern and southeastern Alaska consist of several thousand feet of graywacke, shale and volcanic rocks deposited in the northern Cordilleran geosyncline. A combination of strike-slip and thrust faults of Tertiary and Mesozoic age may have since displaced the Devonian geosynclinal rocks relatively northward into central Alaska.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Symposium of the Devonian system: Papers","conferenceTitle":"International Symposium of the Devonian system","conferenceDate":"1967","conferenceLocation":"Calgary, CA","language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","usgsCitation":"Churkin, M., and Brabb, E.E., 1967, Devonian rocks of the Yukon-Porcupine Rivers area and their tectonic relation to other Devonian sequences in Alaska, in International Symposium of the Devonian system: Papers, v. 2, Calgary, CA, 1967, p. 227-258.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"2","tableOfContents":"The Sierra Nevada batholith is localized in the axial region of a complex faulted synclinorium that coincides with a downfold in the Mohorovicic discontinuity and in P-wave velocity boundaries within the crust. Observed P-wave velocities are compatible with downward increase in the proportion of diorite, quartz diorite, and calcic granodiorite relative to quartz monzonite and granite in the upper crust, with amphibolite or gabbro-basalt in the lower crust, and with periodotite in the upper mantle. The synclinorium was formed in Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata during early and middle Mesozoic time in a geosyncline marginal to the continent. Granitic magmas are believed to have formed in the lower half of the crust at depths of 25 to 45 kilometers or more, primarily as a result of high radiogenic heat production in the thickened prism of crustal rocks. Magma was generated at different times in different places as the locus of downfolding shifted. It rose into the upper crust because it was less dense than rock of the same composition or residual refractory rocks. Refractory rocks and crystals that were not melted and early crystallized mafic minerals that settled from the rising magma thickened the lower crust. Wall and roof rocks settled around, and perhaps through, the rising magma and provided space for its continued rise. Erosion followed each magmatic episode, and 10 to 12 kilometers of rock may have been eroded away since the Jurassic and 7 to 10 kilometers since the early Late Cretaceous.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.158.3807.1407","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Bateman, P.C., and Eaton, J.P., 1967, Sierra Nevada batholith: Science, v. 158, no. 3807, p. 1407-1417, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.158.3807.1407.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1407","endPage":"1417","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -113.818359375,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -118.34472656249997,\n 39.639537564366684\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -123.35449218749997,\n 39.639537564366684\n ],\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 35.06597313798418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"158","issue":"3807","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f0ae4b08c986b318cc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bateman, P. C.","contributorId":27851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, J. P.","contributorId":105313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011556,"text":"70011556 - 1967 - Silica in alkaline brines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-06T17:25:28.745288","indexId":"70011556","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silica in alkaline brines","docAbstract":"Analysis of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate brines from closed basins in volcanic terranes of Oregon and Kenya reveals silica contents of up to 2700 parts per million at pH's higher than 10. These high concentrations of SiO2 can be attributed to reaction of waters with silicates, and subsequent evaporative concentration accompanied by a rise in pH. Supersaturation with respect to amorphous silica may occur and persist for brines that are out of contact with silicate muds and undersaturated with respect to trona; correlation of SiO2 with concentration of Na and total CO2 support this interpretation. Addition of more-dilute waters to alkaline brines may lower the pH and cause inorganic precipitation of substantial amounts of silica.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.158.3806.1310","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., Rettig, S., and Eugster, H., 1967, Silica in alkaline brines: Science, v. 158, no. 3806, p. 1310-1314, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.158.3806.1310.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1310","endPage":"1314","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221119,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"3806","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f32e4b08c986b318da9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eugster, H.P.","contributorId":99992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eugster","given":"H.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011594,"text":"70011594 - 1967 - Freshwater peat on the continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-06T17:18:25.460631","indexId":"70011594","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Freshwater peat on the continental shelf","docAbstract":"Freshwater peats from the continental shelf off northeastern United States contain the same general pollen sequence as peats from ponds that are above sea level and that are of comparable radiocarbon ages. These peats indicate that during glacial times of low sea level terrestrial vegetation covered the region that is now the continental shelf in an unbroken extension from the adjacent land areas to the north and west.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.158.3806.1301","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Emery, K., Wigley, R.L., Bartlett, A., Rubin, M., and Barghoorn, E., 1967, Freshwater peat on the continental shelf: Science, v. 158, no. 3806, p. 1301-1307, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.158.3806.1301.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1301","endPage":"1307","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221679,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"northeastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.67832559541925,\n 45.59295017118643\n ],\n [\n -74.11886076058204,\n 43.28900296242085\n ],\n [\n -75.98845493237955,\n 39.35817375874926\n ],\n [\n -74.69853368493818,\n 38.767484141109136\n ],\n [\n -71.23564085374394,\n 37.67242518679933\n ],\n [\n -66.84637765114445,\n 44.53252563215288\n ],\n [\n -67.67832559541925,\n 45.59295017118643\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"158","issue":"3806","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13e6e4b0c8380cd5480b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emery, K.O.","contributorId":67865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wigley, R. L.","contributorId":18440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wigley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartlett, A.S.","contributorId":80820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlett","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubin, M.","contributorId":88079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barghoorn, E.S.","contributorId":105052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barghoorn","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221321,"text":"70221321 - 1967 - Stratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the phosphatic miocene strata of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T19:09:08.163317","indexId":"70221321","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T14:04:13","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the phosphatic miocene strata of North Carolina","docAbstract":"Foraminifera and Mollusca collected from the phosphatic Pungo River Formation and the overlying Yorktown Formation in eastern North Carolina were analyzed and interpreted for stratigraphic and environmental significance in order to determine optimum depositional sites for primary phosphorite. The Mollusca and benthonic foraminifera of the Pungo River Formation correlate with those of the Calvert Formation of Maryland, and the planktonic foraminifera in both of these formations correlate with the Globigerinatella insueta zone of Trinidad, postulated as late Aquitanian age. The paleoenvironment of the phosphorite deposition, interpreted primarily from the benthonic foraminifera, was of cool-temperate waters, ranging in depth from 100 to 200 m in the phosphatic beds to less than 70 m in the upper calcareous beds where phosphate is scarce. Phosphorite deposition occurred in an oceanic embayment located south of the Fort Monroe high in southern Virginia and north of a positive feature whose axis lies in the vicinity of New Bern, North Carolina. Cool-temperate waters in this area during Pungo River time indicate that circulation patterns of ocean currents and the resultant faunal provinces were not the same as those at present and later in the Miocene. In the Pungo River and its time equivalents of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, the presence of thick diatomaceous clay units, volcanic ash beds, shards, attapulgite clays, and other minerals probably derived from volcanic rocks, suggests a volcanic source somewhere off the coast during the Miocene. The Yorktown unconformably overlies the Pungo River Formation. The unconformity is marked by channels into the Pungo River, filled with phosphatic pebbles, vertebrate bones, and lower York-town molluscs and microfauna. The coarse-grained phosphatic material is derived from the underlying fine-grained primary phosphorite in the Pungo River and is abundant only in the lower part of the Yorktown Formation. Deposition of the lower part of the Yorktown occurred in waters about 100 m deep. The waters gradually became more shallow as deposition of the formation continued until depths of less than 15 m, and probable brackish conditions, were reached as the uppermost part of the formation was deposited. Temperature of the waters, cool-temperate during lower Yorktown deposition, became warm-temperate to subtropical in later Yorktown time. The faunal patterns suggest that circulation patterns reached their present state during late Yorktown time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[631:SAPOTP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gibson, T., 1967, Stratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the phosphatic miocene strata of North Carolina: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 5, p. 631-650, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[631:SAPOTP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"650","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 36.61552763134925\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -83.78173828125,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -84.30908203125,\n 35.08395557927643\n ],\n [\n -84.30908203125,\n 34.97600151317588\n ],\n [\n -80.947265625,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -80.70556640625,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -79.6728515625,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -78.5302734375,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -78.0908203125,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -76.201171875,\n 34.831841149828655\n ],\n [\n -75.52001953125,\n 35.764343479667176\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 36.61552763134925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":103702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221317,"text":"70221317 - 1967 - Time and space relationships of the taconic allochthon and autochthon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T18:42:14.902827","indexId":"70221317","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T13:38:56","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time and space relationships of the taconic allochthon and autochthon","docAbstract":"The Taconic rock sequence extends from near Sudbury, Vermont, to near Poughkeepsie, New York, a length of about 150 miles; and from just west of the Green Mountain Range and Berkshire Highlands to the valleys of the Hudson River and Lake Champlain, a width of about 20 miles. The Taconic rocks are now in the axial region of the Middlebury synclinorium and its southward extension. The Taconic sequence consists of about 2000 feet of slate, with subsidiary graywacke, quartzite, and limestone; many of the rock units are turbidites. Fossils from the rocks include forms of Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian and Early and Middle Ordovician age. Evidence of stratigraphic tops derived from the fossils and from primary sedimentary features agrees with structural data and demonstrates that the Taconic rocks are geometrically the highest strata within the Middlebury synclinorium. The underlying rocks of the synclinorium (the synclinorium sequence) are right side up; they also range in age from Early Cambrian to Middle Ordovician but belong to a different sedimentary lithofacies (dominantly carbonate and orthoquartzite). The relation between the Taconic sequence and the synclinorium sequence, therefore, is a baffling problem. Lithostratigraphically, the Taconic sequence falls into three groups: (1) the pre- Normanskill \"low Taconic\" sequence, occurring in the area between the main Taconic Range and the Hudson River, as far south as Rhinebeck, New York; (2) the Normanskill Shale in the same area, as well as in the area south of Rhinebeck at least as far as Poughkeepsie, New York, and also west of the Hudson River; and (3) the \"high Taconic\" sequence, occupying the main Taconic Range from Dorset Mountain, Vermont, south to Indian Mountain in Sharon, Connecticut, as well as Mount Greylock in Massachusetts. Rocks of (1) and (2) are fossiliferous, but to date no fossil has been found in (3). Rocks of (1) and that part of (2) areally coextensive with (1) thus are of known age but uncertain three-dimensional geometric configuration, whereas rocks of (3) are of known configuration (in the centers of open synclinoria) but unknown age. Only that part of (2) beyond the areal confines of (1) is both of known age and known configuration; these rocks are in sedimentary contact above the older rocks of the synclinorium sequence and are autochthonous. At the north end of the Taconic sequence in western Vermont, rocks of group (1) are beyond reasonable doubt allochthonous. Because of the southward geometric continuity of the structural elements, all the Taconic rocks of group (1), and that part of group (2) areally coextensive with it, are interpreted as allochthonous. The structure of group (3), the high Taconic sequence, is inferred by topography and by detailed lithostratigraphic matching with rocks of the east Vermont sequence; on this basis, as well as on the basis of the broad lithic similarity with rocks of group (1), rocks of group (3) are concluded to be also allochthonous. A discontinuous polymict conglomerate underlies and surrounds the allochthon on all sides and is interpreted here as a record that dates the imminent arrival of the allochthon at each locality. The conglomerate contains unsorted blocks of rocks of both the Taconic sequence and the synclinorium sequence; the matrix is the autochthonous upper Normanskill Shale or its equivalent. Fossils from the matrix shale date the event as Trenton, probably Sherman Fall in age. The geologic history of the area is reconstructed as follows: The pre-Normanskill Taconic rocks were deposited in the area of the present Precambrian massifs of the Green Mountains-Berkshire Highlands belt between the clastic, eugeosynclinal east Vermont sequence to the east and the miogeosynclinal synclinorium sequence to the west; they constitute the transitional facies between these two belts. Conditions were relatively stable until early Middle Ordovician time, when the Green Mountain- Berkshire Highlands area began to rise and the area of the present Middlebury synclinorium began to subside. Subsidence took place largely by a series of high-angle longitudinal faults that, as a whole, step down to the west. Argillaceous sediments (the Normanskill Shale) began to inundate the former miogeosynclinal area; because the conditions of sedimentation had become similar, the sediments resembled, in facies, the synchronous Taconic rocks that were being deposited to the east. Continued rise of the Green Mountains-Berkshire Highlands area led in middle Trenton time to the decollement of the Cambrian and Ordovician sediments into the area of the present Middlebury synclinorium in a series of giant submarine slides. Sedimentation continued at the receiving site throughout the event; sedimentation may also have persisted on the moving slides. The record is found today in the turbidite-laden shale and graywacke in the upper part of the Normanskill Shale of both the allochthon and the autochthon. Restoration of the allochthonous rocks to the original site of deposition leads to correlations between rocks of the Taconic sequence and of the largely autochthonous east Vermont sequence. The lithic correlation can be carried to the level of individual formations and is confirmed by a few known ages in the east Vermont sequence. Several lines of reasoning lead to a plausible correlation of part of the Cavendish Formation of southeastern Vermont with the oldest part of the Taconic sequence. This correlation leads further to the conclusion that in this area the contacts between the Green Mountain massif and the Cavendish Formation and between the Cavendish and the overlying east Vermont sequence must both be thrust faults of large displacements. This conclusion is in fact inevitable because one of the Taconic thrust slices that extends without interruption between the latitudes corresponding to the gap in the Precambrian massifs has been shown by local structural evidence to be allochthonous; an outside original depositional site must be found for it. The present Taconic allochthon is coextensive with an area of marked negative Bouguer gravity anomaly; the Green Mountains-Berkshire massifs constitute a belt of positive anomaly. It is here proposed that these anomalies resulted from a deepseated transfer of material; subcrustal addition of material caused the rise of the Green Mountains-Berkshire Highlands area, and the concurrent subtraction of material caused subsidence in the Middlebury synclinorium area through a series of faults which were the near-surface expression of an episode of crustal collapse. If this interpretation is correct, then the regional gravity anomaly represents an uncompensated feature that has persisted since Middle Ordovician time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE97-p1","usgsCitation":"Zen, E., 1967, Time and space relationships of the taconic allochthon and autochthon: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 97, p. 1-82, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE97-p1.","productDescription":"82 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"82","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1967-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zen, E.","contributorId":101381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221361,"text":"70221361 - 1967 - Rocks of eocene age on fippennies ledge, Gulf of Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T13:36:14.085543","indexId":"70221361","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T08:32:23","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rocks of eocene age on fippennies ledge, Gulf of Maine","docAbstract":"In August 1965, a scallop dredge from R/V Albatross brought up many pieces of fossiliferous opaline chert or porcellanite of Eocene age from Fippennies Ledge, a bank 70 m deep in the central Gulf of Maine. Their presence in this area supports the idea that part of the Gulf is underlain by sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age. Occurrence in the porcellanite of two identifiable species of Bryozoa (ascophoran Cheilostomata), Kleidionella lobata Canu and Bassler and \"Ocheto-sella\" robusta Canu and Bassler, suggests (1) correlation with the Castle Hayne Limestone of Claiborne to Jackson age; (2) a temperate zone, distinctly American biogeographic provenance; and (3) accumulation in quiet water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[681:ROEAOF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schlee, J., and Cheetham, A., 1967, Rocks of eocene age on fippennies ledge, Gulf of Maine: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 5, p. 81-84, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[681:ROEAOF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"84","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.55541992187499,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -66.181640625,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -66.236572265625,\n 44.47299117260252\n ],\n [\n -67.467041015625,\n 44.6061127451739\n ],\n [\n -68.873291015625,\n 44.49650533109348\n ],\n [\n -70.059814453125,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -70.59814453125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -70.894775390625,\n 42.775243380699706\n ],\n [\n -70.587158203125,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -68.73046875,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -65.55541992187499,\n 43.42100882994726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schlee, J.","contributorId":45821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlee","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheetham, A.H.","contributorId":76189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheetham","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221360,"text":"70221360 - 1967 - Age, composition, and tectonic setting of the granite island, Hon Trung Lon, off the coast of South Vietnam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T13:27:48.288487","indexId":"70221360","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T08:21:58","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age, composition, and tectonic setting of the granite island, Hon Trung Lon, off the coast of South Vietnam","docAbstract":"Hon Trung Lon, a granite island off the coast of South Vietnam, is composed solely of a unique, extremely differentiated, high-silica alkali granite of Cretaceous age. An adjacent island, Hon Trung Nho, is composed solely of rhyolitic rock of similar composition. The Hon Trung Nho rhyolite may be a fine-grained equivalent of the granite. Whole-rock potassium-argon analysis suggests that the age of the Hon Trung Lon granite is greater than 70 m.y. and less than 100 m.y. This age implies a previously unrecognized period of intrusion for the zone of granitic rocks outcropping along the northeast side of the Gulf of Thailand. Extensive investigation of the Mesozoic and Tertiary igneous rocks of Southeast Asia, particularly Indochina, including reliable geochronological work, is needed to trace the geologic events that produced the complicated structural features and orogenic history of this region. Existing data suggest that Southeast Asia has been the site of active orogeny since the Paleozoic and that the Hon Trung Lon granite was emplaced through a sialic crust which has been evolving in this area for at least the last 400 m.y.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[1289:ACATSO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hilde, T.W., and Engel, C.G., 1967, Age, composition, and tectonic setting of the granite island, Hon Trung Lon, off the coast of South Vietnam: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 10, p. 1289-1294, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[1289:ACATSO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1289","endPage":"1294","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Vietnam","otherGeospatial":"south Vietnam Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 106.029052734375,\n 8.407168163601076\n ],\n [\n 106.9573974609375,\n 8.407168163601076\n ],\n [\n 106.9573974609375,\n 8.90678000752024\n ],\n [\n 106.029052734375,\n 8.90678000752024\n ],\n [\n 106.029052734375,\n 8.407168163601076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilde, Thomas W.C.","contributorId":77072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilde","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engel, Celeste G.","contributorId":23386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Celeste","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221357,"text":"70221357 - 1967 - Stratigraphy and correlation of the precambrian belt supergroup of the southern Lewis and Clark Range, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T13:11:40.084744","indexId":"70221357","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T08:01:34","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and correlation of the precambrian belt supergroup of the southern Lewis and Clark Range, Montana","docAbstract":"Several well-exposed and little-deformed Belt Supergroup sections have been studied in the southern Lewis and Clark Range. In the area studied, the Belt thins eastward or northeastward due both to primary sedimentation and to pre-Middle Cambrian erosion. These rocks can now be more precisely correlated with the well-known sections near Bonner, Helena, and Glacier National Park. In the western part of the area, the Missoula Group is thickest and lithologically intermediate between the sections at Bonner and Marias Pass. Formation names from these two sections are applied in the southern Lewis and Clark Range. The thin Belt sequence in the eastern part of the area includes the lower part of the Missoula Group and older formations that may be traced southward into the Helena, Empire, and Spokane Formations of the Helena area. Consequently, the Helena Dolomite of the Helena area, the Siyeh Formation of the Marias Pass area, and the \"Newland Limestone\" of the Bonner area are probably lateral equivalents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[343:SACOTP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McGill, G., and Sommers, D.A., 1967, Stratigraphy and correlation of the precambrian belt supergroup of the southern Lewis and Clark Range, Montana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 3, p. 343-352, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[343:SACOTP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10","startPage":"343","endPage":"352","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Lewis and Clark range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.70898437499999,\n 46.24824991289166\n ],\n [\n -109.654541015625,\n 46.24824991289166\n ],\n [\n -109.654541015625,\n 47.331377157798244\n ],\n [\n -111.70898437499999,\n 47.331377157798244\n ],\n [\n -111.70898437499999,\n 46.24824991289166\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGill, G.E.","contributorId":14436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sommers, David A.","contributorId":96761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sommers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221351,"text":"70221351 - 1967 - Shock effects in certain rock-forming minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T12:50:31.070123","indexId":"70221351","displayToPublicDate":"1967-12-01T07:46:30","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shock effects in certain rock-forming minerals","docAbstract":"Shock effects in quartz, plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, and some accessory minerals have been observed in rocks subjected to various degrees of meta morphism by meteoritic impact. The shock features described are unique; they are never observed in rocks from normal geologic environments. Such features are described:
1) Multiple sets of closely spaced planar microstructures occur in quartz, plagioclase, and other rock-forming minerals. Those characteristic of shock consist of alternating platelets, with a range of reduced mean index of re fraction and birefringence; they con sist of platelets that have been partially or completely transformed to an amor phous phase.
2) Quartz and plagioclase are selec tively and completely transformed to silica glass and plagioclase glass in the solid state, whereas the associated mafic minerals remained crystalline. There is no reaction between adjacent minerals.
3) High-pressure polymorphs occur, such as coesite or stishovite. Coesite oc Curs exclusively within silica glass; it has not been observed as a reaction or breakdown product.
4) Nickel-iron spherules occur in the fused glass or impactites.
5) The occurrence of droplets of ilmenite, rutile, pseudobrookite, and baddaleyite in impactites indicates a temperature of formation exceeding 150°C.
6) Dense glass occurs, similar in composition to bulk rock, in which iron oxide, such as fine particles of mag netite, is completely dissolved.
All these features are characteristic of a process involving the rapid rise and fall of extremiiely high pressures and temperatures. Minerals and mineral as semblages experiencing such high strain rates and sudden changes of pressures and temperatures react and change in dependently to the bulk chemical com position, under nonequilibrium condi tions.
Many aspects of shock features re quire careful study. Kink bands in biotite and deformation lamellae in quartz occur in tectonically deformed rocks. These features should be studied with great care in order to determine whether reduction in mean index of refraction and total birefringence along the planar structures have resulted from vitrification or phase transition; their presence is additional evidence in favor of a shock mechanism.
Vitreous phases or glasses formed by shock also have many unique prop erties; they have not been studied by such methods as thermoluminescence, electron spin resonance, low-angle x ray diffraction, or infrared spectroscopy. Shock-fused glass of high density needs to be studied in detail in carefully con trolled laboratory conditions.
Experimental shock-wave studies of the equation-of-state of single minerals and mineral assemblages, under care fully controlled conditions, must pre cede estimates of peak pressures and peak and residual temperatures of shocked natural mineral assemblages. Detailed petrographic and mineralogic studies, however, have provided useful and definitive criteria for characteriza tion of impact events. Such data should be of paramount importance in the study of samples brought back from Moon.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.156.3772.192","usgsCitation":"Chao, E.C., 1967, Shock effects in certain rock-forming minerals: Science, v. 156, no. 3772, p. 192-202, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.156.3772.192.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"192","endPage":"202","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"156","issue":"3772","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chao, E. C. T.","contributorId":96713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210847,"text":"70210847 - 1967 - Viscosity and finite strength of the mantle as determined from water and ice loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-29T16:18:51.948045","indexId":"70210847","displayToPublicDate":"1967-11-01T11:07:12","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viscosity and finite strength of the mantle as determined from water and ice loads","docAbstract":"Some recent examples of transient Earth loads (Lake Bonneville, Utah; Glacier Bay, Alaska; northeast Greenland) indicate that both the viscosity and finite strength of the mantle are lower than is commonly presumed. A time constant (1/e) of 4000 years is estimated for Lake Bonneville, and of 1000 years for northeast Greenland. A strain rate of 10−14 is typical. These figures imply viscosities in a homogeneous half space ranging from 1020 to 1021 poises.
An upper limit of finite strength is set by Lake Bonneville at a few times 106 dyn/cm2. If mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada or Himalaya are regarded as dynamically supported rather than static systems, this low value is not incompatible with other geologic observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1967.tb06243.x","usgsCitation":"Crittenden, M.D., 1967, Viscosity and finite strength of the mantle as determined from water and ice loads: Geophysical Journal International, v. 14, no. 1-4, p. 261-279, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1967.tb06243.x.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"279","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1967.tb06243.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greenland, United States","state":"Alaska, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay, Lake Bonneville, Mesters Vig","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -24.5159912109375,\n 71.99003064007077\n ],\n [\n -23.52996826171875,\n 71.99003064007077\n ],\n [\n -23.52996826171875,\n 72.36577662200845\n ],\n [\n -24.5159912109375,\n 72.36577662200845\n ],\n [\n -24.5159912109375,\n 71.99003064007077\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.087890625,\n 59.567723306212955\n ],\n [\n -137.691650390625,\n 58.802361927759456\n ],\n [\n -136.0546875,\n 57.54531289147553\n ],\n [\n -134.80224609375,\n 56.19448087726972\n ],\n [\n -132.37426757812497,\n 57.00485033534416\n ],\n [\n -133.59375,\n 58.45348121776238\n ],\n [\n -135.087890625,\n 59.361195471124816\n ],\n [\n -135.087890625,\n 59.567723306212955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crittenden, Max D. Jr.","contributorId":28951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crittenden","given":"Max","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221362,"text":"70221362 - 1967 - Oligocene or younger thrust faulting in the Ruby Mountains, northeastern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T13:43:01.17514","indexId":"70221362","displayToPublicDate":"1967-11-01T08:37:38","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oligocene or younger thrust faulting in the Ruby Mountains, northeastern Nevada","docAbstract":"A klippe of unmetamorphosed Devonian carbonate rocks rests on the Harrison Pass intrusive body south of Toyn Creek in the central Ruby Mountains, Elko County, Nevada. This klippe and other klippen of Carboniferous strata - first mapped by R. P. Sharp (1942) - that rest on lower Paleozoic strata are believed to represent a once-continuous thrust sheet that developed after emplacement of the intrusive body. This intrusion of coarse-grained granodiorite to quartz monzonite is exposed over an area of about 45 square miles. Potassium-argon and lead-alpha age determinations on four samples of the intrusive body establish Oligocene or younger age for the thrusting. Potassium-argon age determinations on biotites from the four samples range from 29 to 36 m.y. with a possible analytical error of ±10 percent. Lead-alpha age determinations (all with a possible analytical error of ±10 m.y.) on zircon showed 40 m.y. for three of the samples and 30 m.y. for the fourth. Lead-alpha and potassium-argon dates on a fifth sample collected by R. R. Coats also fall within these ranges. The agreement of the radiometric dates indicates a lack of thermal activity subsequent to the emplacement of the intrusion and establishes a maximum age of Oligocene for the thrust faulting. The present distribution of thermally metamorphosed Paleozoic rocks in the Ruby Mountains seems to preclude the possibility that the thrust plate originated within the Ruby Mountains. Sharp suggested a western source with displacement of from 7 to 10 miles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[1345:OOYTFI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Willden, R., Hermann, T.A., and Stern, T., 1967, Oligocene or younger thrust faulting in the Ruby Mountains, northeastern Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 11, p. 1345-1358, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1967)78[1345:OOYTFI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1345","endPage":"1358","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"northern Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 39.83385008019448\n ],\n [\n -114.04907226562499,\n 39.83385008019448\n ],\n [\n -114.04907226562499,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 39.83385008019448\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willden, Ronald","contributorId":107368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willden","given":"Ronald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hermann, Thomas A. thomas_hermann@usgs.gov","contributorId":5210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hermann","given":"Thomas","email":"thomas_hermann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":817426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, T.W.","contributorId":258270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001583,"text":"1001583 - 1967 - Back-pack unit for capturing waterfowl and upland game by night-lighting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T15:45:45.248481","indexId":"1001583","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Back-pack unit for capturing waterfowl and upland game by night-lighting","docAbstract":"A night-lighting unit, designed as a light weight back-pack, proved successful for capturing waterfowl pairs, pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), and cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) during the spring and summer when most breeding populations are widely dispersed. Eighty ducks of seven species were captured in 48 hours (1.7 ducks per hour) of night-lighting in marsh habitat. Similarly, 30 pheasants were trapped in 25 hours (1.2 birds per hour) and 63 cottontail rabbits were either observed at close range (6-12 ft) or captured during night-lighting operations in upland habitat. Catch per hour of effort increased for all species as their night habitat requirements and reaction to night-lights became known. The mobile unit proved well suited for intensive use on small areas where other methods of capture were unfeasible and where representative coverage of various habitat types was desired. Besides its utility for capturing animals, the unit provided a method for studying nocturnal movements, behavior, and habitat use of marked animals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3797983","usgsCitation":"Drewien, R., Reeves, H., Springer, P.F., and Kuck, T., 1967, Back-pack unit for capturing waterfowl and upland game by night-lighting: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 31, no. 4, p. 778-783, https://doi.org/10.2307/3797983.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"783","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Day County, Sanborn County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-97.9802,45.5883],[-97.6116,45.5882],[-97.4885,45.5892],[-97.3727,45.5889],[-97.3629,45.5603],[-97.3544,45.5605],[-97.2269,45.5603],[-97.226,45.2996],[-97.2251,45.2118],[-97.226,45.1538],[-97.2396,45.1541],[-97.4951,45.1537],[-97.7403,45.1544],[-97.9809,45.1545],[-97.9803,45.2409],[-97.9802,45.5883]]],[[[-97.8506,44.1964],[-97.8494,43.8505],[-97.9662,43.851],[-98.3266,43.851],[-98.331,43.8502],[-98.332,43.9385],[-98.332,44.1974],[-97.8506,44.1964]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Day\",\"state\":\"SD\"}}]}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64adb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drewien, Rod C.","contributorId":58594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drewien","given":"Rod C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, H.M.","contributorId":92634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Springer, P. F.","contributorId":56590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuck, T.L.","contributorId":101591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuck","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205789,"text":"70205789 - 1967 - Salt resources of Thailand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T11:37:29","indexId":"70205789","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-03T11:33:49","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5868,"text":"Report of Investigation - Thailand, Department of Mineral Resources","printIssn":" 0563-353","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salt resources of Thailand","docAbstract":"In recent years beds of rock salt, as much as 820 feet thick, have been found in the subsurface of northeastern Thailand in a thick sequence of 'red beds' of the Maha Sarakam formation at the top of the Korat group of Mesozoic age. These salt-bearing rocks are widespread in the subsurface of northeastern Thailand and extend under the Mekong river into Laos to form one of the major salt-bearing regions of the world. The Korat group was deposited during Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous times on floodplains and in shallow estuaries, bays, or partly isolated coastal lakes over a large arid or semiarid region that lay near sea level and sank very slowly under remarkably uniform conditions. Total reserves are estimated at more than 2,700 billion tons of inferred rock salt in seven areas or deposits that include only about 20 percent of the total area of about 40,000 square kilometers probably underlain by salt-bearing rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Thailand Department of Mineral Resources","publisherLocation":"Bangkok, Thailand","issn":"0563-3532","usgsCitation":"Gardner, L.S., 1967, Salt resources of Thailand: Report of Investigation - Thailand, Department of Mineral Resources, v. 11, 100 p.","productDescription":"100 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Thailand","otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Thailand","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[102.58493,12.18659],[101.68716,12.64574],[100.83181,12.62708],[100.97847,13.41272],[100.0978,13.40686],[100.01873,12.307],[99.47892,10.84637],[99.15377,9.96306],[99.2224,9.23926],[99.87383,9.20786],[100.27965,8.29515],[100.45927,7.42957],[101.01733,6.85687],[101.62308,6.74062],[102.14119,6.22164],[101.81428,5.81081],[101.15422,5.69138],[101.07552,6.20487],[100.2596,6.64282],[100.08576,6.46449],[99.69069,6.84821],[99.51964,7.34345],[98.98825,7.90799],[98.50379,8.38231],[98.33966,7.79451],[98.15001,8.35001],[98.25915,8.97392],[98.55355,9.93296],[99.03812,10.96055],[99.58729,11.89276],[99.19635,12.80475],[99.21201,13.26929],[99.09776,13.8275],[98.43082,14.62203],[98.19207,15.1237],[98.53738,15.3085],[98.90335,16.17782],[98.49376,16.83784],[97.85912,17.56795],[97.3759,18.44544],[97.79778,18.62708],[98.25372,19.7082],[98.95968,19.75298],[99.54331,20.1866],[100.11599,20.41785],[100.54888,20.10924],[100.60629,19.50834],[101.28201,19.46258],[101.03593,18.40893],[101.05955,17.5125],[102.11359,18.1091],[102.413,17.93278],[102.99871,17.96169],[103.20019,18.30963],[103.95648,18.24095],[104.71695,17.42886],[104.77932,16.44186],[105.58904,15.57032],[105.54434,14.72393],[105.21878,14.27321],[104.28142,14.41674],[102.98842,14.22572],[102.3481,13.39425],[102.58493,12.18659]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Thailand\"}}]}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, Louis S.","contributorId":81581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205787,"text":"70205787 - 1967 - Phichit gypsum deposit, central Thailand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T11:28:10","indexId":"70205787","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-03T10:53:06","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5868,"text":"Report of Investigation - Thailand, Department of Mineral Resources","printIssn":" 0563-353","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phichit gypsum deposit, central Thailand","docAbstract":"An extensive deposit of white, granular, massive gypsum has been discovered in central Thailand. The gypsum, a part of the Mesozoic Korat group, was deposited along with salt by evaporation of sea water in shallow basins extensively developed in Thailand and adjacent parts of Laos. It now occurs in a narrow, deep downfaulted block enclosed within a complex of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks and younger volcanic rocks, and is bounded to the east and west by north-trending high-angle faults. During downfaulting to its present position, the gypsum was altered to anhydrite. The upper part of the deposit has been reconverted to gypsum during the present cycle of erosion to depths of about 80-120 feet. Total reserves may exceed 25 million tons of gypsum with perhaps 10 times as much anhydrite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Thailand Department of Mineral Resources","issn":"0563-3532","usgsCitation":"Gardner, L.S., 1967, Phichit gypsum deposit, central Thailand: Report of Investigation - Thailand, Department of Mineral Resources, v. 9, 42 p.","productDescription":"42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Thailand","otherGeospatial":"Central Thailand","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[102.58493,12.18659],[101.68716,12.64574],[100.83181,12.62708],[100.97847,13.41272],[100.0978,13.40686],[100.01873,12.307],[99.47892,10.84637],[99.15377,9.96306],[99.2224,9.23926],[99.87383,9.20786],[100.27965,8.29515],[100.45927,7.42957],[101.01733,6.85687],[101.62308,6.74062],[102.14119,6.22164],[101.81428,5.81081],[101.15422,5.69138],[101.07552,6.20487],[100.2596,6.64282],[100.08576,6.46449],[99.69069,6.84821],[99.51964,7.34345],[98.98825,7.90799],[98.50379,8.38231],[98.33966,7.79451],[98.15001,8.35001],[98.25915,8.97392],[98.55355,9.93296],[99.03812,10.96055],[99.58729,11.89276],[99.19635,12.80475],[99.21201,13.26929],[99.09776,13.8275],[98.43082,14.62203],[98.19207,15.1237],[98.53738,15.3085],[98.90335,16.17782],[98.49376,16.83784],[97.85912,17.56795],[97.3759,18.44544],[97.79778,18.62708],[98.25372,19.7082],[98.95968,19.75298],[99.54331,20.1866],[100.11599,20.41785],[100.54888,20.10924],[100.60629,19.50834],[101.28201,19.46258],[101.03593,18.40893],[101.05955,17.5125],[102.11359,18.1091],[102.413,17.93278],[102.99871,17.96169],[103.20019,18.30963],[103.95648,18.24095],[104.71695,17.42886],[104.77932,16.44186],[105.58904,15.57032],[105.54434,14.72393],[105.21878,14.27321],[104.28142,14.41674],[102.98842,14.22572],[102.3481,13.39425],[102.58493,12.18659]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Thailand\"}}]}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, Louis S.","contributorId":81581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221318,"text":"70221318 - 1967 - Atomic fluorescence flame spectrometric detection of palladium, titanium, zirconium, chromium, and aluminum using a hot hollow cathode lamp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T18:48:20.753747","indexId":"70221318","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-01T13:43:46","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atomic fluorescence flame spectrometric detection of palladium, titanium, zirconium, chromium, and aluminum using a hot hollow cathode lamp","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ac60256a019","usgsCitation":"Dinnin, J.I., 1967, Atomic fluorescence flame spectrometric detection of palladium, titanium, zirconium, chromium, and aluminum using a hot hollow cathode lamp: Analytical Chemistry, v. 39, no. 12, p. 1491-1493, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60256a019.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1491","endPage":"1493","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinnin, Joseph Isadore","contributorId":47842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinnin","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"Isadore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221316,"text":"70221316 - 1967 - Test hold in aquifer with many water-bearing zones at Jacksonville, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T18:35:59.361297","indexId":"70221316","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-01T13:30:27","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Test hold in aquifer with many water-bearing zones at Jacksonville, Florida","docAbstract":"One of the deepest water‐exploration wells in the southeastern United States was completed in 1966 at Jacksonville, Florida. It was drilled to a depth of nearly 2,500 feet to supply geologic and hydrologic information on the deeper unexplored part of the Floridan aquifer. This aquifer consists of a series of water producing zones separated by nonproducing zones. An important new fresh‐water producing zone was found, and the contact between the fresh water and salt water was located. The well was completed in three separate zones so that it could be used to monitor the the deeper part of the aquifer to detect any salt‐water encroachment. This paper describes the objectives, techniques, and results of drilling the test well.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb01621.x","usgsCitation":"Leve, G., and Goolsby, D.A., 1967, Test hold in aquifer with many water-bearing zones at Jacksonville, Florida: Groundwater, v. 5, no. 4, p. 18-22, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb01621.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Jacksonville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 30.088107753367257\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 30.088107753367257\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 30.543338954230222\n ],\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 30.543338954230222\n ],\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 30.088107753367257\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leve, G.W.","contributorId":64294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leve","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221313,"text":"70221313 - 1967 - New approaches to water‐resources investigations in upstate New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T18:00:54.224471","indexId":"70221313","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-01T12:55:53","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New approaches to water‐resources investigations in upstate New York","docAbstract":"The scope of area1 investigations of water resources in New York has changed within the last 4 years. Prior 1962, most investigations covered only counties or smaller areas and were mainly restricted to ground‐water resources Since 1762, investigarions have covered largebasin (2,000‐4,000 square miles) with the purpose of defining total water resources so that basin‐wldc comprehensive plans for water development can be prepared. Ground water has been intensively studied in the basin investigations, both because of its large potential for future development, and becaus e of it sinterre lation with the surface‐water resources. The latter reason is particularly important because the principal aquifers are numerous u nconnect edglacials and andgravel deposits that are crossed by streams. This ground‐water regimen to a large degree determines the flow characteristics and water quality of streams. Conversely, streamflow data provide acon‐venient means of assessing ground‐water availability.Some approaches used in basin studies are: (1)(1) numerous quantitative and qualitative observations of low streamflow to define the principal areas of ground‐water discharge and to define the quantity and quality of discharging ground water (2)estimation of total ground‐water dischar gepas stream gages from daily streamflow records by correlation with ground‐water levels and by analysis of the records (3) assessment of recharge to particular sand and gravel deposit swith inbroadlimits, using the data on ground‐water discharge to streams (4) estimation of a daily chemical quality hydrograph on the basis of quantity and quality of both ground‐water discharge and overland runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb01619.x","usgsCitation":"La Sala, A.M., 1967, New approaches to water‐resources investigations in upstate New York: Groundwater, v. 5, no. 4, p. 6-11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb01619.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"upstate New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.32202148437499,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -73.070068359375,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -73.070068359375,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -76.32202148437499,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -76.32202148437499,\n 42.97250158602597\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Sala, A. M. Jr.","contributorId":38199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Sala","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003268,"text":"1003268 - 1967 - Clearance and registration of chemical tools for fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T15:35:28.444941","indexId":"1003268","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clearance and registration of chemical tools for fisheries","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1967)29[187:CAROCT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lennon, R.E., 1967, Clearance and registration of chemical tools for fisheries: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 29, no. 4, p. 187-193, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1967)29[187:CAROCT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672af2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lennon, Robert E.","contributorId":14341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lennon","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000180,"text":"1000180 - 1967 - Some oligochaetes from Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-12T15:26:52.872993","indexId":"1000180","displayToPublicDate":"1967-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3625,"text":"Transactions of the American Microscopical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some oligochaetes from Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Twenty-six species of Tubificidae, 12 Naididae, and 1 Lumbriculidae were found in three regions of Lake Michigan- Green Bay, the southern end of the lake proper, and the harbor at Ludington, Michigan. One new naidid species is described. Methods of identification of some species are discussed and illustrated. The abundance of oligochaetes and distribution of certain species vary with depth and location. Data are presented on the effects of the environment on the distribution of certain species. The presence or absence of some species reflected the quality of the environment; some were prevalent in polluted waters whereas others were restricted or absent. Possible changes in composition and abundance of species are outlined if organic enrichment increases in Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3224267","usgsCitation":"Hiltunen, J.K., 1967, Some oligochaetes from Lake Michigan: Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, v. 86, no. 4, p. 433-454, https://doi.org/10.2307/3224267.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"454","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.97025984791705,\n 45.20587410008886\n ],\n [\n -88.14054252464355,\n 41.50726553497216\n ],\n [\n -86.33381625694446,\n 41.50940165221235\n ],\n [\n -85.83636960569008,\n 44.47722673256698\n ],\n [\n -85.09881343279604,\n 44.956609541015666\n ],\n [\n -84.6020024557969,\n 45.768004056882816\n ],\n [\n -84.97649940103136,\n 46.22260358684156\n ],\n [\n -86.6882000784625,\n 46.0039491403779\n ],\n [\n -87.97025984791705,\n 45.20587410008886\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e8e4b07f02db5e8f3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiltunen, Jarl K.","contributorId":27820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiltunen","given":"Jarl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205377,"text":"70205377 - 1967 - Exploration for artesian water in the Sokoto Basin, Nigeria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-22T00:11:13.530478","indexId":"70205377","displayToPublicDate":"1967-09-16T13:20:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploration for artesian water in the Sokoto Basin, Nigeria","docAbstract":"The Sokoto basin in semiarid northwestern Nigeria contains Cretaceous and Tertiary semiconsolidated deposits that dip gently northwest off an oldland of pre-Cretaceous crystalline rocks. Until recent years the dug well has been the chief source of ground water for the Hausa cultivators and the pastoral Fulani inhabitants of the region. Borehole exploration sponsored by US AID and the Geological Survey of Nigeria with technical guidance from the writers of the U. S. Geological Survey has revealed that the basal section of the Gwandu Formation contains a productive artesian sand aquifer throughout a 5,700 square mile area. Transmissibilities of the aquifer proved to be as high as 180,000 Imperial gallons a day per foot but generally decrease towards the west. The free flow areas total about 1,000 square miles with pressure heads in boreholes up to + 83 feet above land surface and individual flows as great as 12,000 gallons per hour. Beneath the Gwandu, pressure aquifers in the Rima Group and the Gundumi Formation also produce flowing water in the lowland (fadama) of the Sokoto River. In the southern part of the basin, however, only one aquifer is present in the Cretaceous sequence, because the Gundumi aquifer is absent and the Rima aquifer apparently grades into the upper permeable section of the Illo Group. The quality of the water from all the pressure aquifers is generally quite good, although the iron content is high in places and salinity increases in the very deep aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb03670.x","usgsCitation":"Anderson, H., and Ogilbee, W., 1967, Exploration for artesian water in the Sokoto Basin, Nigeria: Groundwater, v. 5, no. 3, p. 42-46, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1967.tb03670.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"46","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nigeria","otherGeospatial":"Sokoto Province","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[8.50029,4.77198],[7.46211,4.41211],[7.0826,4.46469],[6.69807,4.24059],[5.89817,4.26245],[5.3628,4.88797],[5.03357,5.6118],[4.32561,6.27065],[3.57418,6.2583],[2.6917,6.25882],[2.74906,7.87073],[2.72379,8.50685],[2.91231,9.13761],[3.22035,9.44415],[3.70544,10.06321],[3.60007,10.33219],[3.79711,10.73475],[3.57222,11.32794],[3.61118,11.66017],[3.68063,12.5529],[3.96728,12.95611],[4.10795,13.53122],[4.36834,13.74748],[5.44306,13.86592],[6.44543,13.49277],[6.82044,13.11509],[7.33075,13.09804],[7.80467,13.34353],[9.01493,12.82666],[9.52493,12.8511],[10.11481,13.27725],[10.70103,13.24692],[10.98959,13.38732],[11.5278,13.32898],[12.30207,13.03719],[13.08399,13.59615],[13.3187,13.55636],[13.99535,12.46157],[14.18134,12.48366],[14.57718,12.08536],[14.46819,11.90475],[14.41538,11.57237],[13.57295,10.79857],[13.30868,10.16036],[13.1676,9.64063],[12.95547,9.41777],[12.75367,8.71776],[12.21887,8.30582],[12.06395,7.79981],[11.83931,7.39704],[11.74577,6.98138],[11.05879,6.64443],[10.49738,7.05536],[10.11828,7.03877],[9.52271,6.45348],[9.23316,6.44449],[8.75753,5.47967],[8.50029,4.77198]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nigeria\"}}]}","volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, H. R.","contributorId":67487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"H. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogilbee, William","contributorId":106093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogilbee","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}