{"pageNumber":"59","pageRowStart":"1450","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":70150304,"text":"pp1814B - 2015 - Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70150304,"text":"pp1814B - 2015 - Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes","indexId":"pp1814B","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","displayTitle":"Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) Mudstone Succession—Linking Lithofacies, Texture, and Geochemistry to Marine Processes","title":"Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-10T15:08:29","indexId":"pp1814B","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1814","chapter":"B","displayTitle":"Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) Mudstone Succession—Linking Lithofacies, Texture, and Geochemistry to Marine Processes","title":"Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes","docAbstract":"<p>We present new images and descriptions of the lithofacies and organic facies of the pebble shale unit and lower part of the Hue Shale (Lower Cretaceous) of Arctic Alaska at a high magnification that illustrates their textural characteristics. Our aims were to describe and determine the distribution of facies in these petroleum source rocks and to identify the processes that formed them. We sampled at high-resolution and applied new petrographic techniques combined with scanning electron microscopy and geochemical analyses to samples collected from three widely spaced sections&mdash;located in exposures along the Canning River and continuous core from the Mikkelsen Bay State 1 and Orion 1 wells.</p>\n<p>Results from these three locations indicate that this succession consists primarily of clay-rich mudstones that are variously silt- or sand-bearing and clay-dominated mudstones that exhibit mainly relict, 2&ndash;5 millimeter thick bedding and common but variable microbioturbation, rare macrobioturbation, and common fabrics of pelleted clay and silt. These mudstones contain rare, poorly sorted, silt-rich basal laminae that are often discontinuous and have wavy, sharp bases and crude upward fining. In addition, mud-supported, outsized clasts (dropstones) of fine sand to pebble size are present throughout the succession as isolated clasts or in clusters. We interpret these textures and much of this succession to result from intermittent deposition by suspension settling from melting seasonal sea ice&mdash;sometimes sediment-laden&mdash;and associated primary productivity. Overall, this mudstone succession fines and deepens upward from the pebble shale unit into the Hue Shale. In the Hue Shale of the Orion well, however, different processes intermittently deposited thin, discrete intervals of coarser sediment that probably represent deposition from density currents. Also in the Hue Shale of the Orion well, several thicker sandstone and silt-dominated mudstone units with discordant, scoured bases and cut and fill structures represent erosion during higher energy events such as major storms.</p>\n<p>Other lithofacies within the succession are graded tuffs/bentonites and tuffaceous/bentonitic mudstones from episodic volcanic ash falls; these are abundant in the Hue Shale, and very rare in the pebble shale unit of the two wells. Organic-carbon rich strata associated with volcanic ash intervals of the pebble shale unit and Hue Shale in the Mikkelsen 1 well have some of the best petroleum source rock potential determined for this succession. Authigenic pyrite and carbonate-cement-dominated mudstone are also present in both units of all three sections. The carbonate-cemented units indicate breaks in sedimentation and are common in the Hue Shale and in sections of the pebble shale unit interpreted to be more distal, such as along the Canning River.</p>\n<p>Our results document the variation in facies and textures of the Hauterivian and Barremian Lower Cretaceous mudstone succession of Arctic Alaska. Comparison of these characteristics to the products of modern processes on the North Slope of Alaska, in the Beaufort Sea, and elsewhere suggest that this succession formed primarily from depositional processes related to seasonal sea ice with intermittent fluvial-sourced sediment deposited by density currents and episodic erosion and reworking by storms and other currents.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, vol. 15 (Professional Paper 1814)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1814B","usgsCitation":"Keller, M.A., and Macquaker, J.H., 2015, Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1814, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1814B.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033831","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309740,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/b/pp1814b.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1814-B"},{"id":309739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/b/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159.609375,\n              67.64267630796037\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.609375,\n              71.49703690095419\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              71.49703690095419\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              67.64267630796037\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.609375,\n              67.64267630796037\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"http://alaska.usgs.gov/staff/\" target=\"_blank\">Alaska Science Center staff&nbsp;</a><br /> U.S. Geological Survey<br /> 4210 University Dr.<br /> Anchorage, AK 99508<br /> <a href=\"http://minerals.usgs.gov/alaska/\" target=\"_blank\">Alaska Mineral Resources</a><br /> <a href=\"http://alaska.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Alaska Science Center&nbsp;</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Methods, Terminology, and Stratigraphy of Samples</li>\n<li>Lithofacies and Textures</li>\n<li>Discussion</li>\n<li>Summary and Conclusions</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e1d21e4b0cdb063e59c9d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753559,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Keller, Margaret A. mkeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Margaret","email":"mkeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macquaker, Joe H.S.","contributorId":143669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macquaker","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"H.S.","affiliations":[{"id":15294,"text":"Univ. of Newfoundland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173447,"text":"70173447 - 2015 - Translating climate change effects on species into everyday language: an example of more driving and less fishing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:39:11","indexId":"70173447","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Translating climate change effects on species into everyday language: an example of more driving and less fishing","docAbstract":"<div class=\"paragraph\">Climate change is expected to result in widespread changes in species distributions (e.g., shifting, shrinking, expanding species ranges; e.g., Parmesan and Yohe, 2003), especially for freshwater fish species (Heino et al. 2009). Although anglers and other resource users could be greatly affected by changes in species distributions, predicted changes are rarely reported in ways that can be easily understood by the general public. In contrast, climate science that more directly affects human welfare or livelihoods is often more readily communicated to the general public because it is of greater concern or closely related to everyday life. For example, most people can readily interpret how increases in the number of &ldquo;hot&rdquo; days above a given temperature threshold might affect their lives, and property owners in coastal areas can use predictive maps to determine how they might be affected by sea level rise (for more examples, see the Third National Assessment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency at <a href=\"http://globalchange.gov\" target=\"_blank\">globalchange.gov</a>). However, the effects of climate change on species are usually reported to the general public using summary metrics or maps designed to communicate concepts that are not normally encountered in everyday life, including changes in habitat suitability, range shifts, or increasing risks from disease or extreme events (e.g., National Audubon Society 2009; Groffman et al. 2014). Though these metrics are necessary, meaningful, and understood by scientists, many people lack the necessary training and background to readily understand them. Further, scientists and nonscientists alike may struggle to convert these metrics into a currency that directly affects day-to-day life.</div>\n<div class=\"paragraph\">Climate science is a complex issue, and we argue that when communicating potential responses of vegetation, fish, and wildlife to nonscientists, creative thinking with respect to the currency of communication will facilitate discussions between scientists, policy makers, and the public. We posit that with some additional thought and relatively simple summaries, the responses of fish and other species to climate change can be translated into everyday language that will facilitate climate science communication. Although such translations are rare, one example of this type of creativity is the translation from changes in habitat suitability for tree species to potential reductions in maple syrup production (West over 2012), which is arguably more interesting and understandable for the general public. Similar translations could be especially important for communicating climate change effects on game fish and other species that are socially and economically important to large groups of people. We demonstrate this translation by communicating the potential effects of climate change on the distribution of a coldwater fish species, the eastern Brook Trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>. Rather than communicating the potential forecasted contraction of the Brook Trout's distribution in terms of habitat loss, we report the predicted increases in the driving distance to streams likely offering Brook Trout angling opportunities under a climate change scenario. Travel costs based on distance have been widely used to value ecosystem services such as angling under climate change scenarios (e.g., Pendleton and Mendelsohn 1998; Mendelsohn and Markowski 1999; Ahn et al. 2000)  but, to the best of our knowledge, have not been used for communicating potential changes to the public despite the intrinsic link to everyday life.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2015.1065252","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., and Deweber, J.T., 2015, Translating climate change effects on species into everyday language: an example of more driving and less fishing: Fisheries, v. 40, no. 8, p. 395-398, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2015.1065252.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"398","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057991","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              39.06611426153784\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              41.03378713521864\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.63635253906249,\n              41.03378713521864\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.63635253906249,\n              39.06611426153784\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              39.06611426153784\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913eee4b07657d19ff2bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deweber, Jefferson T.","contributorId":171357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deweber","given":"Jefferson","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":18170,"text":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70158597,"text":"70158597 - 2015 - Avian community responses to post-fire forest structure: Implications for fire management in mixed conifer forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T12:39:01","indexId":"70158597","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-05T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian community responses to post-fire forest structure: Implications for fire management in mixed conifer forests","docAbstract":"<p>Fire is a natural process and the dominant disturbance shaping plant and animal communities in many coniferous forests of the western US. Given that fire size and severity are predicted to increase in the future, it has become increasingly important to understand how wildlife responds to fire and post-fire management. The Angora Fire burned 1243 hectares of mixed conifer forest in South Lake Tahoe, California. We conducted avian point counts for the first 3 years following the fire in burned and unburned areas to investigate which habitat characteristics are most important for re-establishing or maintaining the native avian community in post-fire landscapes. We used a multi-species occurrence model to estimate how avian species are influenced by the density of live and dead trees and shrub cover. While accounting for variations in the detectability of species, our approach estimated the occurrence probabilities of all species detected including those that were rare or observed infrequently. Although all species encountered in this study were detected in burned areas, species-specific modeling results predicted that some species were strongly associated with specific post-fire conditions, such as a high density of dead trees, open-canopy conditions or high levels of shrub cover that occur at particular burn severities or at a particular time following fire. These results indicate that prescribed fire or managed wildfire which burns at low to moderate severity without at least some high-severity effects is both unlikely to result in the species assemblages that are unique to post-fire areas or to provide habitat for burn specialists. Additionally, the probability of occurrence for many species was associated with high levels of standing dead trees indicating that intensive post-fire harvest of these structures could negatively impact habitat of a considerable proportion of the avian community.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1111/acv.12237","usgsCitation":"White, A.M., Manley, P.N., Tarbill, G., Richardson, T., Russell, R.E., Safford, H.D., and Dobrowski, S.Z., 2015, Avian community responses to post-fire forest structure: Implications for fire management in mixed conifer forests: Animal Conservation, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12237.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055788","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.1,\n              38.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.1,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              38.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.1,\n              38.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5613911fe4b0ba4884c60f5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Angela M.","contributorId":84255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manley, Patricia N.","contributorId":79010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarbill, Gina","contributorId":148953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarbill","given":"Gina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richardson, T.L.","contributorId":78607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303 rerussell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":3998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin","email":"rerussell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Safford, Hugh D.","contributorId":112922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safford","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dobrowski, Solomon Z.","contributorId":8751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobrowski","given":"Solomon","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70072588,"text":"70072588 - 2015 - A review of the recent geochemical evolution of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (1927-2010)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T16:25:39","indexId":"70072588","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A review of the recent geochemical evolution of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (1927-2010)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Between 1927 and 2010, more than one hundred eruptions of Piton de la Fournaise produced ~1&nbsp;km</span><span>3</span><span>&nbsp;of lava, and the volcano&rsquo;s summit collapsed twice (in 1931 and 2007). These lavas display, respectively, 20 and 65&nbsp;% of the Sr&ndash;Nd and the Pb isotope ranges reported for La R&eacute;union volcanoes over their known eruptive record (3.8&nbsp;Ma). Variations in major and trace element concentrations and Sr&ndash;Pb isotopes do not define a temporal trend at the scale of the century, but display systematic short-term cyclic fluctuations. The positive correlation between&nbsp;</span><span>87</span><span>Sr/</span><span>86</span><span>Sr and ratios of trace elements that are more versus less incompatible during partial melting of the mantle (e.g., Nd/Sm, La/Sm) probably results from the sampling of small-scale heterogeneities within the plume source. Changes in the degree&nbsp;of melting and/or crystallization are debated, but these appear ultimately linked to source properties. Lead isotopes do not co-vary with Sr isotopes, in part because of the partitioning of Pb into dense metallic phases that are preferentially sampled during high-flux eruptions. Taken together, Sr&ndash;Nd&ndash;Pb&ndash;Os&ndash;Th isotopes do not support contamination of magma with genetically unrelated components, such as the underlying Indian oceanic crust, mantle lithosphere, seawater, or seawater-altered lavas. Yet, in some rare cases (e.g. the 1998 Hudson eruption), the compositional patterns suggest that the parental magma assimilated older volcanic products within the edifice, such as crystal cumulates and/or interstitial differentiated melts. The geochemical fluctuations over the 1927&ndash;2010 time period constrain the residence time of magma in the shallow reservoir to 10&ndash;30&nbsp;years and its size to 0.1&ndash;0.3&nbsp;km</span><span>3</span><span>. The magma residence time during the course of the long-lived 1998 eruption is estimated to be an order of magnitude shorter, but the reservoir was probably of similar size. Instead, the shorter magma residence for the 1998 eruption was probably due to a higher magma flux.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active volcanoes of the southwest Indian Ocean","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-31395-0_11","usgsCitation":"Pietruszka, A., and Vlastelic, I., 2015, A review of the recent geochemical evolution of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (1927-2010), chap. <i>of</i> Active volcanoes of the southwest Indian Ocean, p. 185-201, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31395-0_11.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"201","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045693","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Piton de la Fournaise, Réunion island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              55.66841125488281,\n              -21.188893398817655\n            ],\n            [\n              55.81535339355469,\n              -21.204257977694652\n            ],\n            [\n              55.80230712890625,\n              -21.2836161525487\n            ],\n            [\n              55.68214416503906,\n              -21.290653925975697\n            ],\n            [\n              55.64094543457031,\n              -21.218340770952555\n            ],\n            [\n              55.65605163574218,\n              -21.188893398817655\n            ],\n            [\n              55.66841125488281,\n              -21.188893398817655\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a02be4b093cee78203e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pietruszka, Aaron J.","contributorId":97024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietruszka","given":"Aaron J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vlastelic, Ivan","contributorId":149458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlastelic","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159412,"text":"70159412 - 2015 - Riders on the storm: selective tidal movements facilitate the spawning migration of threatened delta smelt in the San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T14:06:34","indexId":"70159412","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riders on the storm: selective tidal movements facilitate the spawning migration of threatened delta smelt in the San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>Migration strategies in estuarine fishes typically include behavioral adaptations for reducing energetic costs and mortality during travel to optimize reproductive success. The influence of tidal currents and water turbidity on individual movement behavior were investigated during the spawning migration of the threatened delta smelt,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Hypomesus transpacificus</i><span>, in the northern San Francisco Estuary, California, USA. Water current velocities and turbidity levels were measured concurrently with delta smelt occurrence at sites in the lower Sacramento River and San Joaquin River as turbidity increased due to first-flush winter rainstorms in January and December 2010. The presence/absence of fish at the shoal-channel interface and near the shoreline was quantified hourly over complete tidal cycles. Delta smelt were caught consistently at the shoal-channel interface during flood tides and near the shoreline during ebb tides in the turbid Sacramento River, but were rare in the clearer San Joaquin River. The apparent selective tidal movements by delta smelt would facilitate either maintaining position or moving upriver on flood tides, and minimizing advection down-estuary on ebb tides. These movements also may reflect responses to lateral gradients in water turbidity created by temporal lags in tidal velocities between the near-shore and mid-channel habitats. This migration strategy can minimize the energy spent swimming against strong river and tidal currents, as well as predation risks by remaining in turbid water. Selection pressure on individuals to remain in turbid water may underlie population-level observations suggesting that turbidity is a key habitat feature and cue initiating the delta smelt spawning migration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-014-9877-3","usgsCitation":"Bennett, W., and Burau, J.R., 2015, Riders on the storm: selective tidal movements facilitate the spawning migration of threatened delta smelt in the San Francisco Estuary: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 38, no. 3, p. 826-835, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9877-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"826","endPage":"835","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-27","temporalEnd":"2011-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-036419","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9877-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.76216125488281,\n              38.02808135979607\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.76216125488281,\n              38.1399572748485\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64474487304686,\n              38.1399572748485\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64474487304686,\n              38.02808135979607\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.76216125488281,\n              38.02808135979607\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a042e4b093cee7820420","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, W.A.","contributorId":100572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burau, Jon R. 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":1500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159363,"text":"70159363 - 2015 - Comparative analysis of riverscape genetic structure in rare, threatened and common freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T10:56:34","indexId":"70159363","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative analysis of riverscape genetic structure in rare, threatened and common freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"<p class=\"ArticleTitle\" lang=\"en\"><span>Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) are highly imperiled with many species on the verge of local extirpation or global extinction. This study investigates patterns of genetic structure and diversity in six species of freshwater mussels in the central Great Lakes region of Ontario, Canada. These species vary in their conservation status (endangered to not considered at risk), life history strategy, and dispersal capabilities. Evidence of historical genetic connectivity within rivers was ubiquitous across species and may reflect dispersal abilities of host fish. There was little to no signature of recent disturbance events or bottlenecks, even in endangered species, likely as a function of mussel longevity and historical population sizes (i.e., insufficient time for genetic drift to be detectable). Genetic structure was largely at the watershed scale suggesting that population augmentation via translocation within rivers may be a useful conservation tool if needed, while minimizing genetic risks to recipient sites. Recent interest in population augmentation via translocation and propagation may rely on these results to inform management of unionids in the Great Lakes region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-015-0705-5","usgsCitation":"Galbraith, H.S., Zanatta, D.T., and Wilson, C.C., 2015, Comparative analysis of riverscape genetic structure in rare, threatened and common freshwater mussels: Conservation Genetics, v. 16, no. 4, p. 845-857, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-015-0705-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"857","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063117","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.3974609375,\n              42.39912215986002\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.3974609375,\n              42.99661231842139\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6943359375,\n              43.35713822211053\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.13427734374999,\n              43.715534726205114\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.29931640625,\n              42.85985981506279\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.3974609375,\n              42.39912215986002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a02fe4b093cee78203e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galbraith, Heather S. 0000-0003-3704-3517 hgalbraith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-3517","contributorId":4519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Heather","email":"hgalbraith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zanatta, David T.","contributorId":149384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanatta","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":17722,"text":"2Institute for Great Lakes Research, Biology Department, Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Chris C.","contributorId":149385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17723,"text":"3Aquatic Research Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70170275,"text":"70170275 - 2015 - Spatial occupancy models for predicting metapopulation dynamics and viability following reintroduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T12:47:48","indexId":"70170275","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial occupancy models for predicting metapopulation dynamics and viability following reintroduction","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"jpe12481-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>The reintroduction of a species into its historic range is a critical component of conservation programmes designed to restore extirpated metapopulations. However, many reintroduction efforts fail, and the lack of rigorous monitoring programmes and statistical models have prevented a general understanding of the factors affecting metapopulation viability following reintroduction.</li>\n<li>Spatially explicit metapopulation theory provides the basis for understanding the dynamics of fragmented populations linked by dispersal, but the theory has rarely been used to guide reintroduction programmes because most spatial metapopulation models require presence&ndash;absence data from every site in the network, and they do not allow for observation error such as imperfect detection.</li>\n<li>We develop a spatial occupancy model that relaxes these restrictive assumptions and allows for inference about metapopulation extinction risk and connectivity. We demonstrate the utility of the model using six&nbsp;years of data on the Chiricahua leopard frog<i>Lithobates chiricahuensis</i>, a threatened desert-breeding amphibian that was reintroduced to a network of sites in Arizona USA in 2003.</li>\n<li>Our results indicate that the model can generate precise predictions of extinction risk and produce connectivity maps that can guide conservation efforts following reintroduction. In the case of&nbsp;<i>L. chiricahuensis</i>, many sites were functionally isolated, and 82% of sites were characterized by intermittent water availability and high local extinction probabilities (0&middot;84, 95% CI: 0&middot;64&ndash;0&middot;99). However, under the current hydrological conditions and spatial arrangement of sites, the risk of metapopulation extinction is estimated to be &lt;3% over a 50-year time horizon.</li>\n<li>Low metapopulation extinction risk appears to result from the high dispersal capability of the species, the high density of sites in the region and the existence of predator-free permanent wetlands with low local extinction probabilities. Should management be required, extinction risk can be reduced by either increasing the hydroperiod of existing sites or by creating new sites to increase connectivity.</li>\n<li><i>Synthesis and applications</i>. This work demonstrates how spatio-temporal statistical models based on ecological theory can be applied to forecast the outcomes of conservation actions such as reintroduction. Our spatial occupancy model should be particularly useful when management agencies lack the funds to collect intensive individual-level data.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12481","usgsCitation":"Chandler, R.B., Muths, E.L., Sigafus, B.H., Schwalbe, C.R., Jarchow, C.J., and Hossack, B.R., 2015, Spatial occupancy models for predicting metapopulation dynamics and viability following reintroduction: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 52, no. 5, p. 1325-1333, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12481.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1325","endPage":"1333","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055286","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12481","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":320369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.0712890625,\n              30.93992433102347\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.0712890625,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.27001953125,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.27001953125,\n              30.93992433102347\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.0712890625,\n              30.93992433102347\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5719f9c2e4b071321fe22bee","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12481","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12481","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Chandler Richard B., Muths Erin, Sigafus Brent H., Schwalbe Cecil R., Jarchow Christopher J., Hossack Blake R.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ecology","publicationDate":"7/22/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chandler, Richard B. rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":63524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sigafus, Brent H. 0000-0002-7422-8927 bsigafus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-8927","contributorId":4534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigafus","given":"Brent","email":"bsigafus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwalbe, Cecil R. cschwalbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"Cecil","email":"cschwalbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":5813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70157217,"text":"ofr20151178 - 2015 - A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (<em>Thamnophis gigas</em>) in the Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T09:16:10","indexId":"ofr20151178","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-30T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1178","title":"A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (<em>Thamnophis gigas</em>) in the Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>Giant gartersnakes (<i>Thamnophis gigas</i>) comprise a species of rare, semi-aquatic snake precinctive to the Central Valley of California. Because of the loss of more than 90% of their natural habitat, giant gartersnakes are listed as Threatened by the United States and California endangered species acts. Little is known, however, about the distribution of giant gartersnakes in the Sacramento Valley, which is where most extant populations occur. We conducted detection-nondetection surveys for giant gartersnakes throughout the rice-growing regions of the Sacramento Valley, and used occupancy models to examine evidence for the effects of landscape-scale GIS-derived variables, local habitat and vegetation composition, and prey communities on patterns of giant gartersnake occurrence. Although our results are based on a relatively small sample of sites, we found that distance to historic marsh, relative fish count, and an interaction of distance to historic marsh with proportion of habitat composed of submerged vegetation were important variables for explaining occupancy of giant gartersnakes. In particular, giant gartersnakes were more likely to occur closer to historic marsh and where relatively fewer fish were captured in traps. At locations in or near historic marsh, giant gartersnakes were more likely to occur in areas with less submerged vegetation, but this relationship was reversed (and more uncertain) at sites distant from historic marsh. Additional research with a larger sample of sites would further elucidate the distribution of giant gartersnakes in the Sacramento Valley.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B.J., Skalos, S.M., Casazza, M.L., and Wylie, G.D., 2015, A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (<em>Thamnophis gigas</em>) in the Sacramento Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1178, 34 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151178.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-066320","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1178/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1178/ofr20151178.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1178 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              38.25112269630296\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              40.28371627054261\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.91003417968749,\n              40.28371627054261\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.91003417968749,\n              38.25112269630296\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              38.25112269630296\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, Western Ecological Research Center<br />U.S. Geological Survey<br />3020 State University Drive East<br />Sacramento, California 95819<br /><a href=\"http://werc.usgs.gov/\">http://www.werc.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Giant Gartersnake Occupancy Rates in Sacramento Valley</li>\n<li>Summary</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Glossary</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-09-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560cf998e4b058f706e542e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skalos, Shannon M. sskalos@usgs.gov","contributorId":147372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalos","given":"Shannon","email":"sskalos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70178115,"text":"70178115 - 2015 - Causes of mortality and temporal patterns in breeding season survival of lesser prairie-chickens in shinnery oak prairies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-03T10:49:05","indexId":"70178115","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of mortality and temporal patterns in breeding season survival of lesser prairie-chickens in shinnery oak prairies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Baseline survival and mortality data for lesser prairie-chickens (</span><i>Tympanuchus pallidicinctus</i><span>) are lacking for shinnery oak (</span><i>Quercus havardii</i><span>) prairies. An understanding of the causes and timing of mortalities and breeding season survival in this ecoregion is important because shinnery oak prairies have hotter and drier environmental conditions, as well as different predator communities compared with the northern distribution of the species. The need for this information has become more pressing given the recent listing of the species as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We investigated causes of mortality and survival of lesser prairie-chickens during the 6-month breeding season (1 Mar–31 Aug) of 2008–2011 on the Texas Southern High Plains, USA. We recorded 42 deaths of radiotagged individuals, and our results indicated female mortalities were proportionate among avian and mammalian predation and other causes of mortality but survival was constant throughout the 6-month breeding season. Male mortalities were constant across avian and mammalian predation and other causes, but more mortalities occurred in June compared with other months. Male survival also varied by month, and survival probabilities were lower in June–August. We found predation on leks was rare, mortalities from fence collisions were rare, female survival did not decrease during incubation or brood-rearing, and survival was influenced by drought. Our study corroborated recent studies that suggested lesser prairie-chickens are living at the edge of their physiological tolerances to environmental conditions in shinnery oak prairies. As such, lesser prairie-chickens in our study experienced different patterns of mortality and survival that we attributed to hot, dry conditions during the breeding season. Specifically, and converse to other studies on lesser prairie-chicken survival and mortality, drought positively influenced female survival because females did not incubate eggs during drought conditions; the incubation period is when females are most vulnerable to predation. Male mortalities and survival were negatively influenced by drought later in the breeding season, which we attributed to rigorous lekking activities through late May combined with lack of food and cover as the breeding season progressed into summer. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.551","usgsCitation":"Grisham, B.A., and Boal, C.W., 2015, Causes of mortality and temporal patterns in breeding season survival of lesser prairie-chickens in shinnery oak prairies: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 536-542, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.551.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"536","endPage":"542","ipdsId":"IP-053468","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/e63edd00d8164c8e9c6d9ff649fe69a3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":330682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Cochran County, Hockley County, Terry County, Yoakum County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-103.0469,33.8237],[-102.7603,33.825],[-102.616,33.8257],[-102.0867,33.8237],[-102.0774,33.3894],[-102.0782,32.9611],[-102.2039,32.961],[-102.595,32.9596],[-103.0145,32.9593],[-103.0632,32.9589],[-103.0632,33.0017],[-103.0593,33.209],[-103.0559,33.3903],[-103.0525,33.5738],[-103.0514,33.6402],[-103.0487,33.75],[-103.0469,33.8237]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Cochran\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc4e4b09688d6e90fe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grisham, Blake A.","contributorId":75419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grisham","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159606,"text":"70159606 - 2015 - Molecular tracing of confiscated pangolin scales for conservation and illegal trade monitoring in Southeast Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:50:11","indexId":"70159606","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular tracing of confiscated pangolin scales for conservation and illegal trade monitoring in Southeast Asia","docAbstract":"<p>Despite being protected by both international and national regulations, pangolins are threatened by illegal trade. Here we report mitochondrial DNA identification and haplotype richness estimation, using 239 pangolin scale samples from two confiscations in Hong Kong. We found a total of 13 genetically distinct cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) haplotypes in two confiscations (13 and ten haplotypes respectively, with ten shared haplotypes between confiscations). These haplotypes clustered in two distinct clades with one clade representing the Sunda pangolin (Manisjavanica). The other clade did not match with any known Asian pangolin sequences, and likely represented a cryptic pangolin lineage in Asia. By fitting sample coverage and rarefaction/regression models to our sample data, we predicted that the total number of COI haplotypes in two confiscations were 14.86 and 11.06 respectively, suggesting that our sampling caught the majority of haplotypes and that we had adequately characterized each confiscation. We detected substantial sequence divergence among the seized scales, likely evidencing that the Sunda pangolins were harvested over wide geographical areas across Southeast Asia. Our study illustrates the value of applying DNA forensics for illegal wildlife trade monitoring.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2015.08.002","usgsCitation":"Zhang, H., Miller, M.P., Yang, F., Chan, K., Gaubert, P., Ades, G., and Fischer, G.A., 2015, Molecular tracing of confiscated pangolin scales for conservation and illegal trade monitoring in Southeast Asia: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 4, p. 414-422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.08.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"414","endPage":"422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066335","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.08.002","text":"Publisher Index 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]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564717cfe4b0e2669b31311d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Huarong","contributorId":149817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Huarong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17833,"text":"Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T. Hong Kong SAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yang, Feng","contributorId":149818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Feng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17833,"text":"Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T. Hong Kong SAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chan, Ki","contributorId":149819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chan","given":"Ki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17833,"text":"Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T. Hong Kong SAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gaubert, Philippe 0000-0002-1375-9935","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-9935","contributorId":149820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaubert","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17834,"text":"Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM) – UM2-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 05, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ades, Gary","contributorId":149821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ades","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17833,"text":"Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T. Hong Kong SAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fischer, Gunter A.","contributorId":149822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischer","given":"Gunter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17833,"text":"Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T. Hong Kong SAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70157377,"text":"70157377 - 2015 - Landscape-scale distribution and density of raptor populations wintering in anthropogenic-dominated desert landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:08:55","indexId":"70157377","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape-scale distribution and density of raptor populations wintering in anthropogenic-dominated desert landscapes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Anthropogenic development has great potential to affect fragile desert environments. Large-scale development of renewable energy infrastructure is planned for many desert ecosystems. Development plans should account for anthropogenic effects to distributions and abundance of rare or sensitive wildlife; however, baseline data on abundance and distribution of such wildlife are often lacking. We surveyed for predatory birds in the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts of southern California, USA, in an area designated for protection under the &ldquo;Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan&rdquo;, to determine how these birds are distributed across the landscape and how this distribution is affected by existing development. We developed species-specific models of resight probability to adjust estimates of abundance and density of each individual common species. Second, we developed combined-species models of resight probability for common and rare species so that we could make use of sparse data on the latter. We determined that many common species, such as red-tailed hawks, loggerhead shrikes, and especially common ravens, are associated with human development and likely subsidized by human activity. Species-specific and combined-species models of resight probability performed similarly, although the former model type provided higher quality information. Comparing abundance estimates with past surveys in the Mojave Desert suggests numbers of predatory birds associated with human development have increased while other sensitive species not associated with development have decreased. This approach gave us information beyond what we would have collected by focusing either on common or rare species, thus it provides a low-cost framework for others conducting surveys in similar desert environments outside of California.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10531-015-0916-6","usgsCitation":"Duerr, A.E., Miller, T., Cornell Duerr, K.L., Lanzone, M.J., Fesnock-Parker, A., and Katzner, T., 2015, Landscape-scale distribution and density of raptor populations wintering in anthropogenic-dominated desert landscapes: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 24, no. 10, p. 2365-2381, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-0916-6.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2365","endPage":"2381","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061915","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.63037109375,\n              37.97884504049713\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              35.04798673426734\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              34.867904962568744\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.45556640625,\n              34.687427949314845\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              34.452218472826566\n            ],\n            [\n      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L","contributorId":147850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornell Duerr","given":"Kerri","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":16946,"text":"Westminster College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanzone, Michael J.","contributorId":147851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanzone","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13392,"text":"Cellular Tracking Technologies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fesnock-Parker, Amy","contributorId":140129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fesnock-Parker","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":572919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":5979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70176710,"text":"70176710 - 2015 - Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-03T13:56:41","indexId":"70176710","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions","docAbstract":"Unbiased estimators of abundance and density are fundamental to the study of animal ecology and critical for making sound management decisions. Capture–recapture models are generally considered the most robust approach for estimating these parameters but rely on a number of assumptions that are often violated but rarely validated. Mark-resight models, a form of capture–recapture, are well suited for use with noninvasive sampling methods and allow for a number of assumptions to be relaxed. We used ancillary data from continuous video and radio telemetry to evaluate the assumptions of mark-resight models for abundance estimation on a barrier island raccoon (Procyon lotor) population using camera traps. Our island study site was geographically closed, allowing us to estimate real survival and in situ recruitment in addition to population size. We found several sources of bias due to heterogeneity of capture probabilities in our study, including camera placement, animal movement, island physiography, and animal behavior. Almost all sources of heterogeneity could be accounted for using the sophisticated mark-resight models developed by McClintock et al. (2009b) and this model generated estimates similar to a spatially explicit mark-resight model previously developed for this population during our study. Spatially explicit capture–recapture models have become an important tool in ecology and confer a number of advantages; however, non-spatial models that account for inherent individual heterogeneity may perform nearly as well, especially where immigration and emigration are limited. Non-spatial models are computationally less demanding, do not make implicit assumptions related to the isotropy of home ranges, and can provide insights with respect to the biological traits of the local population.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.931","usgsCitation":"Parsons, A.W., Simons, T.R., Pollock, K.H., Stoskopf, M.K., Stocking, J.J., and O’Connell, A.F., 2015, Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 7, p. 1163-1172, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.931.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1172","ipdsId":"IP-057828","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Lookout National Seashore","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.5252685546875,\n              34.56085936708384\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.45135498046875,\n              35.247862157399915\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5804443359375,\n              35.32184842037683\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0308837890625,\n              35.160336728130346\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2835693359375,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.48956298828125,\n              34.7461262752594\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.59942626953125,\n              34.615126683462194\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5252685546875,\n              34.56085936708384\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee36e4b0bc0bec09e911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Arielle W.","contributorId":91383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Arielle","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, Kenneth H.","contributorId":8590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoskopf, Michael K.","contributorId":83817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoskopf","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stocking, Jessica J.","contributorId":68626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stocking","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159505,"text":"70159505 - 2015 - High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:55:22","indexId":"70159505","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric mercury deposition measurements are rare in tropical latitudes. Here we report on seven years (April 2005 to April 2012, with gaps) of wet Hg deposition measurements at a tropical wet forest in the Luquillo Mountains, northeastern Puerto Rico, U.S. Despite receiving unpolluted air off the Atlantic Ocean from northeasterly trade winds, during two complete years the site averaged 27.9 &mu;g m</span><sup>&ndash;2</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>wet Hg deposition, or about 30% more than Florida and the Gulf Coast, the highest deposition areas within the U.S. These high Hg deposition rates are driven in part by high rainfall, which averaged 2855 mm yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>. The volume-weighted mean Hg concentration was 9.8 ng L</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>, and was highest during summer and lowest during the winter dry season. Rainout of Hg (decreasing concentration with increasing rainfall depth) was minimal. The high Hg deposition was not supported by gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) at ground level, which remained near global background concentrations (&lt;10 pg m</span><sup>&ndash;3</sup><span>). Rather, a strong positive correlation between Hg concentrations and the maximum height of rain detected within clouds (echo tops) suggests that droplets in high convective cloud tops scavenge GOM from above the mixing layer. The high wet Hg deposition at this &ldquo;clean air&rdquo; site suggests that other tropical areas may be hotspots for Hg deposition as well.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Engle, M.A., Scholl, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Brunette, R., Olson, M.L., and Conroy, M.E., 2015, High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12474-12482, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12474","endPage":"12482","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024204","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4ca","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Shanley James B., Engle Mark A., Scholl Martha, Krabbenhoft David P., Brunette Robert, Olson Mark L., Conroy Mary E.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"10/20/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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,{"id":70141188,"text":"70141188 - 2015 - Geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of REE in granite-derived regolith: a model for the Southeast United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T16:45:52","indexId":"70141188","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of REE in granite-derived regolith: a model for the Southeast United States","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"282.1829377411317\">Rare earth element (REE) ion-adsorption clay deposits are of global economic importance because they currently supply a significant portion of the world&rsquo;s annual production of both light (LREE) and heavy REE (HREE). There is considerable ambiguity regarding the origin of</div>\n<div data-canvas-width=\"169.13526318827755\">this deposit type: The main criteria include the presence of large, generally granitic, igneous suites; long periods of intense weathering with little subsequent erosion; and evidence for mobility of REE within the regolith. Granitic rocks of the southeastern United States have been</div>\n<div data-canvas-width=\"187.82135764934534\">subjected to a long history of chemical weathering, comparable to that of South China, an area which contains many REE clay deposits. Detailed comparisons of weathered bedrock-soil profiles for large masses of granitic rocks as exemplified by the Stewartsville, Striped</div>\n<div data-canvas-width=\"346.28018463107475\">Rock, and Liberty Hill plutons, USA, indicate that REE are mobile within many regolith profiles and locally can attain grades comparable to mined deposits of South China. Primary accessory mineralogy, modal content, and element redistribution as a result of weathering are</div>\n<div data-canvas-width=\"349.67959388860567\">identified as distinguishing factors in mobility-related enrichment of REE in the regolith profiles. Only limited geochemical separation of REE was observed within profiles, which suggests the importance of source rock composition and mineralogy in the initial distribution of</div>\n<div data-canvas-width=\"179.101713056948\">extractable REE in the regolith. Retention of extractable HREE was favored over LREE, Th and U within most of the studied profiles.</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceeding of the 13th Biennial SGA Meeting","conferenceTitle":"13th Biennial Society for Geology Applied to Ore Deposits","conferenceDate":"24-27 August 2015","conferenceLocation":"Nancy, France","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Foley, N.K., Bern, C., Ayuso, R.A., Hubbard, B.E., and Shah, A.K., 2015, Geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of REE in granite-derived regolith: a model for the Southeast United States, <i>in</i> Proceeding of the 13th Biennial SGA Meeting, Nancy, France, 24-27 August 2015, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063415","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a2fe4b00162522207cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":127601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154889,"text":"70154889 - 2015 - Growth and contribution of stocked channel catfish, <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i> (Rafinesque, 1818): the importance of measuring post-stocking performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T12:58:01","indexId":"70154889","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-17T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and contribution of stocked channel catfish, <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i> (Rafinesque, 1818): the importance of measuring post-stocking performance","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study it was sought to quantify post-stocking growth, survival, and contribution of advanced size (178&nbsp;mm total length [TL]) channel catfish&nbsp;</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i><span>&nbsp;fingerlings, something rarely done. Channel catfish populations were evaluated before (May 2010) and after (May to August 2011 and 2012) stocking. Relative abundance, stocking contribution, and growth were different (</span><i>P&nbsp;</i><span>&lt;</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.05) in the two study impoundments (lakes Lone Chimney and Greenleaf, Oklahoma). For fish stocked in Lake Lone Chimney, stocking contribution was lower (3&ndash;35%), and average length and weight of stocked fish by age-2 reached 230&nbsp;mm TL and 85&nbsp;g, whereas the stocking contribution (84&ndash;98%) and growth in length (340&nbsp;mm TL) and weight (280&nbsp;g) were higher by age-2 in Lake Greenleaf. Given these unambiguous differences of post-stocking performance, benchmark metrics that represent population-level information such as relative abundance and average length and weight of the sample masked these significant differences, highlighting the importance of marking hatchery-fish and then following them through time to determine the effectiveness of stocking. These results suggest that stock enhancement programmes would benefit from studies that quantify post-stocking performance of hatchery fish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jai.12797","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D., and Long, J.M., 2015, Growth and contribution of stocked channel catfish, <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i> (Rafinesque, 1818): the importance of measuring post-stocking performance: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 695-703, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12797.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"695","endPage":"703","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053770","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12797","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lake Greenleaf, Lake Lone Chimney","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.18211364746094,\n              35.60623098844233\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.18400192260742,\n              35.60944096799507\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.18211364746094,\n              35.609999212161824\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.18125534057617,\n              35.6120925930934\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.17765045166016,\n              35.612511262706086\n            ],\n            [\n              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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d2f7a3e4b0518e35468cbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156155,"text":"70156155 - 2015 - Trends in Rocky Mountain amphibians and the role of beaver as a keystone species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T10:16:41","indexId":"70156155","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-17T04:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in Rocky Mountain amphibians and the role of beaver as a keystone species","docAbstract":"<p><span>Despite prevalent awareness of global amphibian declines, there is still little information on trends for many widespread species. To inform land managers of trends on protected landscapes and identify potential conservation strategies, we collected occurrence data for five wetland-breeding amphibian species in four national parks in the U.S. Rocky Mountains during 2002&ndash;2011. We used explicit dynamics models to estimate variation in annual occupancy, extinction, and colonization of wetlands according to summer drought and several biophysical characteristics (e.g., wetland size, elevation), including the influence of North American beaver (</span><i>Castor canadensis</i><span>). We found more declines in occupancy than increases, especially in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks (NP), where three of four species declined since 2002. However, most species in Rocky Mountain NP were too rare to include in our analysis, which likely reflects significant historical declines. Although beaver were uncommon, their creation or modification of wetlands was associated with higher colonization rates for 4 of 5 amphibian species, producing a 34% increase in occupancy in beaver-influenced wetlands compared to wetlands without beaver influence. Also, colonization rates and occupancy of boreal toads (</span><i>Anaxyrus boreas</i><span>) and Columbia spotted frogs (</span><i>Rana luteiventris</i><span>) were ⩾2 times higher in beaver-influenced wetlands. These strong relationships suggest management for beaver that fosters amphibian recovery could counter declines in some areas. Our data reinforce reports of widespread declines of formerly and currently common species, even in areas assumed to be protected from most forms of human disturbance, and demonstrate the close ecological association between beaver and wetland-dependent species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.005","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B.R., Gould, W., Patla, D.A., Muths, E.L., Daley, R., Legg, K., and Corn, P.S., 2015, Trends in Rocky Mountain amphibians and the role of beaver as a keystone species: Biological Conservation, v. 187, p. 260-269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061859","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.939453125,\n              48.86471476180277\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.267578125,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.158203125,\n              46.86019101567027\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.158203125,\n              43.32517767999296\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.203125,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.587890625,\n              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Conservation","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":63780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patla, Debra A.","contributorId":40059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patla","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daley, Rob","contributorId":146450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daley","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":16696,"text":"5National Park Service, Greater Yellowstone Network, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Legg, Kristin","contributorId":146451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Legg","given":"Kristin","affiliations":[{"id":16697,"text":"National Park Service, Greater Yellowstone Network, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corn, P. Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335 steve_corn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":3227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"P.","email":"steve_corn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70148358,"text":"70148358 - 2015 - Using 15-minute acoustic data to analyze suspended-sediment dynamics in the Rio Grande in the Big Bend Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T10:19:55","indexId":"70148358","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using 15-minute acoustic data to analyze suspended-sediment dynamics in the Rio Grande in the Big Bend Region","docAbstract":"<p>The Rio Grande in the Big Bend region is subject to rapid geomorphic change consisting of channel narrowing during years of low flow, and channel widening during rare, large, long duration floods. Since the 1940s, there have been large declines in mean and peak stream flow, and the channel has progressively narrowed. Large, channel widening floods are infrequent and have failed to widen the channel to widths measured prior to the onset of channel narrowing in the 1940s. Before the most recent channel-widening flood in September 2008, the Rio Grande in the Big Bend was more than 50 percent narrower than measured in the 1940s. </p><p>Channel narrowing results in increased flood frequency and flood magnitude due to the loss of channel capacity and flood conveyance (Dean and Schmidt, 2011). Channel narrowing also results in the loss of important aquatic habitats such as backwaters and side-channels, because these habitats accumulate sediment and are converted to floodplains. Environmental managers are attempting to construct an environmental flow program for the purposes of minimizing channel narrowing during low flow years such that channel capacity, flood conveyance, and important aquatic habitats are maintained. Effective mitigation of channel narrowing processes requires an in-depth understanding of the predominant sediment source areas, the quantity of sediment input from those source areas, the parts of the flow regime responsible for the greatest sediment deposition, and the effect of managed flows in ameliorating the sediment loading that occurs within the channel. </p><p>Here, we analyze data collected with acoustic instrumentation at high temporal resolution to quantify suspended-sediment transport during a variety of flood types. We also investigate the effect of long duration managed flows in promoting sediment export and minimizing channel narrowing. </p>","conferenceTitle":"3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference","usgsCitation":"Dean, D.J., Topping, D.J., Griffiths, R.E., Sabol, T.A., Schmidt, J.C., and Bennett, J.B., 2015, Using 15-minute acoustic data to analyze suspended-sediment dynamics in the Rio Grande in the Big Bend Region, 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference, Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, p. 1234-1245.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1234","endPage":"1245","ipdsId":"IP-060850","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300907,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/index.html"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande, Big Bend region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.556884765625,\n              28.933650754875583\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.75238037109375,\n              28.933650754875583\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.75238037109375,\n              29.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.556884765625,\n              29.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.556884765625,\n              28.933650754875583\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910b0e4b0764e6c5e8889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, David J. 0000-0003-0203-088X djdean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-088X","contributorId":131047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"David","email":"djdean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":140985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffiths, Ronald E. 0000-0003-3620-2926 rgriffiths@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-2926","contributorId":162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Ronald","email":"rgriffiths@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sabol, Thomas A. 0000-0002-4299-2285 tsabol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-2285","contributorId":3403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabol","given":"Thomas","email":"tsabol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bennett, Jeffery B.","contributorId":82993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70155956,"text":"70155956 - 2015 - Long-term shifts in the phenology of rare and endemic Rocky Mountain plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T13:22:47","indexId":"70155956","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-13T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term shifts in the phenology of rare and endemic Rocky Mountain plants","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-2\"><strong>PREMISE OF THE STUDY:</strong> Mountainous regions support high plant productivity, diversity, and endemism, yet are highly vulnerable to climate change. Historical records and model predictions show increasing temperatures across high elevation regions including the Southern Rocky Mountains, which can have a strong influence on the performance and distribution of montane plant species. Rare plant species can be particularly vulnerable to climate change because of their limited abundance and distribution.</p>\n<p id=\"p-3\"><strong>METHODS:</strong> We tracked the phenology of rare and endemic species, which are identified as imperiled, across three different habitat types with herbarium records to determine if flowering time has changed over the last century, and if phenological change was related to shifts in climate.</p>\n<p id=\"p-4\"><strong>KEY RESULTS:</strong> We found that the flowering date of rare species has accelerated 3.1 d every decade (42 d total) since the late 1800s, with plants in sagebrush interbasins showing the strongest accelerations in phenology. High winter temperatures were associated with the acceleration of phenology in low elevation sagebrush and barren river habitats, whereas high spring temperatures explained accelerated phenology in the high elevation alpine habitat. In contrast, high spring temperatures delayed the phenology of plant species in the two low-elevation habitats and precipitation had mixed effects depending on the season.</p>\n<p id=\"p-5\"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> These results provide evidence for large shifts in the phenology of rare Rocky Mountain plants related to climate, which can have strong effects on plant fitness, the abundance of associated wildlife, and the future of plant conservation in mountainous regions. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Society of America","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.3732/ajb.1500156","usgsCitation":"Munson, S.M., and Sher, A.A., 2015, Long-term shifts in the phenology of rare and endemic Rocky Mountain plants: American Journal of Botany, v. 102, no. 8, p. 1268-1276, https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500156.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1276","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065084","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500156","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306657,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"102","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdb1ace4b08400b1fe13a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sher, Anna A","contributorId":146314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sher","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70155954,"text":"70155954 - 2015 - Months between rejuvenation and volcanic eruption at Yellowstone caldera, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T13:15:14","indexId":"70155954","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-13T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Months between rejuvenation and volcanic eruption at Yellowstone caldera, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>Rejuvenation of previously intruded silicic magma is an important process leading to effusive rhyolite, which is the most common product of volcanism at calderas with protracted histories of eruption and unrest such as Yellowstone, Long Valley, and Valles, USA. Although orders of magnitude smaller in volume than rare caldera-forming super-eruptions, these relatively frequent effusions of rhyolite are comparable to the largest eruptions of the 20th century and pose a considerable volcanic hazard. However, the physical pathway from rejuvenation to eruption of silicic magma is unclear particularly because the time between reheating of a subvolcanic intrusion and eruption is poorly quantified. This study uses geospeedometry of trace element profiles with nanometer resolution in sanidine crystals to reveal that Yellowstone&rsquo;s most recent volcanic cycle began when remobilization of a near- or sub-solidus silicic magma occurred less than 10 months prior to eruption, following a 220,000 year period of volcanic repose. Our results reveal a geologically rapid timescale for rejuvenation and effusion of ~3 km<sup>3</sup> of high-silica rhyolite lava even after protracted cooling of the subvolcanic system, which is consistent with recent physical modeling that predict a timescale of several years or less. Future renewal of rhyolitic volcanism at Yellowstone is likely to require an energetic intrusion of mafic or silicic magma into the shallow subvolcanic reservoir and could rapidly generate an eruptible rhyolite on timescales similar to those documented here.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G36862.1","usgsCitation":"Till, C.B., Vazquez, J.A., and Boyce, J., 2015, Months between rejuvenation and volcanic eruption at Yellowstone caldera, Wyoming: Geology, v. 43, no. 8, p. 695-698, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36862.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"695","endPage":"698","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063317","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone caldera","volume":"43","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdb1ace4b08400b1fe13ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, Christy B. cbtill@usgs.gov","contributorId":4394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Christy","email":"cbtill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":567389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyce, Jeremy W","contributorId":146313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyce","given":"Jeremy W","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70154775,"text":"70154775 - 2015 - Landscapes for energy and wildlife: conservation prioritization for golden eagles across large spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T13:24:23","indexId":"70154775","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-13T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscapes for energy and wildlife: conservation prioritization for golden eagles across large spatial scales","docAbstract":"<p><span>Proactive conservation planning for species requires the identification of important spatial attributes across ecologically relevant scales in a model-based framework. However, it is often difficult to develop predictive models, as the explanatory data required for model development across regional management scales is rarely available. Golden eagles are a large-ranging predator of conservation concern in the United States that may be negatively affected by wind energy development. Thus, identifying landscapes least likely to pose conflict between eagles and wind development via shared space prior to development will be critical for conserving populations in the face of imposing development. We used publicly&nbsp;available data on golden eagle nests to generate predictive models of golden eagle nesting sites in Wyoming, USA, using a suite of environmental and anthropogenic variables. By overlaying predictive models of golden eagle nesting habitat with wind energy resource maps, we highlight areas of potential conflict among eagle nesting habitat and wind development. However, our results suggest that wind potential and the relative probability of golden eagle nesting are not necessarily spatially correlated. Indeed, the majority of our sample frame includes areas with disparate predictions between suitable nesting habitat and potential for developing wind energy resources. Map predictions cannot replace on-the-ground monitoring for potential risk of wind turbines on wildlife populations, though they provide industry and managers a useful framework to first assess potential development.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0134781","usgsCitation":"Tack, J., and Fedy, B., 2015, Landscapes for energy and wildlife: conservation prioritization for golden eagles across large spatial scales: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 8, e0134781: 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134781.","productDescription":"e0134781: 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066450","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134781","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70148270,"text":"ds942 - 2015 - Geochemical, modal, and geochronologic data for 1.4 Ga A-type granitoid intrusions of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:23:03","indexId":"ds942","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-10T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"942","title":"Geochemical, modal, and geochronologic data for 1.4 Ga A-type granitoid intrusions of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1>\n<p>The purpose of this report is to present available geochemical, modal, and geochronologic data for approximately 1.4 billion year (Ga) A-type granitoid intrusions of the United States and to make those data available to ongoing petrogenetic investigations of these rocks. A-type granites, as originally defined by Loiselle and Wones (1979), are iron-enriched granitoids (synonymous with the ferroan granitoids of Frost and Frost, 2011) that occur in an anorogenic, within-continent setting. Relative to other granitic rocks, A-type granites have high FeO*/(FeO*+MgO), high K<sub>2</sub>O and K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O, are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, and are enriched in incompatible trace elements. Loiselle and Wones (1979) further suggested that A-type granites are relatively anhydrous. Anderson (1983) provides an early compilation of data for the products of 1.4 Ga magmatism in North America and notes the spatial and temporal association of a trio of rock types, which includes gabbro to anorthosite, intermediate composition mangerite, and granitic rapakivi rocks. In North America, the majority of known A-type intrusions were emplaced between 1.5 and 1.3 Ga and are predominantly of the granitic variety (Anderson, 1983).</p>\n<p>This report addresses the broadly Mesoproterozoic-age granitic rocks of the conterminous United States. Constituents of this group of intrusive rocks were defined using a variety of spatial, compositional, and geochronologic metrics. Thomas and others (2012) provided an updated synthesis, largely based on new isotopic and geochronologic data (for example, Fisher and others, 2010), for the large-scale geologic and tectonic evolution of the eastern United States. Their findings suggest that the basement rocks of the central and southern Appalachian region are allochthonous relative to the remainder of Laurentia and were accreted along the Grenville front between 1.25 and 1.0 Ga. Accordingly, Mesoproterozoic rocks east of the Grenville front and south of the approximate latitude of New York City do not represent North American magmatism. Consequently, geochemical, modal, and geochronologic data for these rocks are not included in the compilation described herein. Further, the structural styles and compositions of granitoid rocks east of the Grenville front, mostly highly deformed gneissic rocks, are dissimilar to those characteristic of the A-type granitoid rocks described herein.</p>\n<p>A variety of compositional and age information further characterizes the 1.4 Ga A-type granitoid rocks in the conterminous United States. Most samples included in this compilation have felsic compositions, although some extend to intermediate compositions. SiO2 contents range from 56 to almost 78 weight percent, and median and mean SiO2 contents are 72.0 and 71.1 weight percent, respectively. The majority of these rocks for which modal data are available are composed of monzogranite (Streckeisen, 1976), although the dataset also contains many samples composed of granodiorite and syenogranite. A smaller group of the granitoid rocks in this dataset are composed of quartz monzodiorite and quartz monzonite, and a very small subset of samples is composed of alkali-feldspar granite, tonalite, alkali-feldspar quartz syenite, and quartz syenite (fig. 1). Many of the 1.4 Ga granitoid rocks are further characterized by medium- to coarse-grain size and are also conspicuously porphyritic; alkali feldspar phenocrysts or megacrysts (2&ndash;10 cm), often with rapakivi overgrowths, are a common feature of many of these rocks (Anderson, 1983; Anderson and Bender, 1989; Anderson and Cullers, 1978; Condie and Budding, 1979). The age of A-type magmatism in North America ranges from about 1.8 to 1.0 Ga, although Anderson (1983) suggests that more than 70 percent (by volume) of A-type magmatism in this region occurred between 1.49 and 1.41 Ga. In the conterminous United States, ages of A-type granitoid rocks are restricted to the period between about 1.49 and 1.33 Ga (Anderson, 1983; Bauer and Pollock, 1993; Bickford and Mose, 1975; Bickford, Harrower, and others, 1981; Bickford and others, 1989; Dewane and Van Schmus, 2007; Hoppe and others, 1983; Peterman and Hedge, 1968; Van Schmus and Bickford, 1981; Van Schmus and others, 1975). Using these recognition criteria, we identified A-type granitoid intrusions of the conterminous United States; for those intrusions, we compiled available geochemical, modal, isotopic (Sr and Nd) and geochronologic data for inclusion in the databases described herein.</p>\n<p>The significance of 1.4 Ga granitoid rocks relative to the geologic evolution of the conterminous United States remains unclear, despite Anderson&rsquo;s (1983) compilation and synthesis of compositional data pertinent to these rocks. The large-volume magmatic events indicated by these rocks, as well as their broad geographic distribution, tectonic significance, and association with mineral deposits, underscore their importance. The broad distribution of these rocks, from the northern mid-continent to the southwestern United States (in New Mexico, Arizona, California, and southernmost Nevada), throughout the Rocky Mountains in New Mexico and Colorado (and sporadically in southern Wyoming and central Idaho), and beneath much of the Plains region (as indicated by drilling), has led to the large-scale tectonic and magmatic processes responsible for genesis of the associated magmas being actively studied.</p>\n<p>In addition, Kisvarsanyi (1972) suggests that iron-copper deposits in the St. Francois Mountains of southeastern Missouri are petrogenetically associated with 1.4 Ga A-type granitoids that occur in that region. Similarly, Dall&rsquo;Agnol and others (2012) summarize important global associations between A-type granitoid rocks and a variety of important ore deposit types, particularly tin, high-field-strength elements (Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta), rare-earth elements, and iron oxide-copper-gold deposits. Consequently, the need to better understand relations between A-type granitoid rocks, tectonic setting, and magma petrogenesis, as well as their genetic associations with important types of ore deposits, suggests that developing a definitive geochemical, modal, and geochronologic database for these rocks in the conterminous United States is of considerable value.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds942","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., Holm-Denoma, C.S., San Juan, C.A., Lund, Karen, Premo, W.R., and DeWitt, Ed, 2015, Geochemical, modal, and geochronologic data for 1.4 Ga A-type granitoid intrusions of the conterminous United States: U.S.\nGeological Survey Data Series 942, 19 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds942.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 19 p.; Plate: 24 x 17 inches; 2 Appendices; Database; Metadata; 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Cited</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-08-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f24ae4b07dd077c6a1e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440 cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":2442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher","email":"cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"San Juan, Carma A. 0000-0002-9151-1919 csanjuan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":1146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"Carma","email":"csanjuan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lund, Karen 0000-0002-4249-3582 klund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4249-3582","contributorId":1235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"Karen","email":"klund@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":566852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed 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,{"id":70188565,"text":"70188565 - 2015 - Estimating rates of debris flow entrainment from ground vibrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-15T13:38:05","indexId":"70188565","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating rates of debris flow entrainment from ground vibrations","docAbstract":"Debris flows generate seismic waves as they travel downslope and can become more dangerous\nas they entrain sediment along their path. We present field observations that show a systematic relation\nbetween the magnitude of seismic waves and the amount of erodible sediment beneath the flow. Specifically,\nwe observe that a debris flow traveling along a channel filled initially with sediment 0.34m thick generates\nabout 2 orders of magnitude less spectral power than a similar-sized flow over the same channel without\nsediment fill.We adapt amodel fromfluvial seismology to explain this observation and then invert it to estimate\nthe level of bed sediment (and rate of entrainment) beneath a passing series of surges. Our estimates compare\nfavorably with previous direct measurements of entrainment rates at the site, suggesting the approach may be\na new indirect way to obtain rare field constraints needed to test models of debris flow entrainment.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2015GL064811","usgsCitation":"Kean, J.W., Coe, J.A., Coviello, V., Smith, J.B., McCoy, S., and Arattano, M., 2015, Estimating rates of debris flow entrainment from ground vibrations: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 15, p. 6365-6372, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064811.","productDescription":"8 p. 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,{"id":70148100,"text":"ds940 - 2015 - A floral survey of cliff habitats along Bull Run at Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-07T09:52:42","indexId":"ds940","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-06T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"940","title":"A floral survey of cliff habitats along Bull Run at Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia, 2014","docAbstract":"<p>Isolated patches of native vegetation in human-modified landscapes are important reservoirs of biological diversity because they may be the only places in which rare or native species can persist. Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia, is an island embedded in a matrix of intensively modified lands; it is becoming increasingly isolated due to growth of the greater Washington, D.C. area. A series of cliffs along Bull Run support an eastern white pine community disjunct from its more typical range in the Appalachian Mountains. Cliffs frequently support vegetation communities that differ from surrounding habitat. In this ecological context, the cliffs along Bull Run are islands of specialized habitat within an island of natural and semi-natural communities (the park), surrounded by a human-dominated landscape. A floral survey of these cliffs was a top priority identified by the National Park Service National Capital Region via the National Resource Preservation Program; in 2014, we completed a floral survey of 11 cliffs in the park. We recorded 282 species in 194 genera and 83 families, including 23 newly documented species for the park.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds940","usgsCitation":"Stroh, E.D., Struckhoff, M.A., and Grabner, K.W., 2015, A floral survey of cliff habitats along Bull Run at Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 940, 20 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds940.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; Database; ReadMe","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2014-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-063929","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306469,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0940/ReadMe.txt","text":"ReadMe File","size":"5.47 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kgrabner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabner","given":"Keith","email":"kgrabner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155221,"text":"70155221 - 2015 - Fine-scale movements of rural free-ranging dogs in conservation areas in the temperate rainforest of the coastal range of southern Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T09:24:18","indexId":"70155221","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-05T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2653,"text":"Mammalian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale movements of rural free-ranging dogs in conservation areas in the temperate rainforest of the coastal range of southern Chile","docAbstract":"<p><span>Domestic dogs can play a variety of important roles for farmers. However, when in proximity to conservation areas, the presence of rural free-ranging dogs can be problematic due to the potential for predation of, competition with, or transmission of infectious disease to local threatened fauna. We used a frequent location radio tracking technology to study rural free-ranging dog movements and habitat use into sensitive conservation habitats. To achieve a better understanding of foray behaviors in dogs we monitored dogs (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;14) in rural households located in an isolated area between the Valdivian Coastal Reserve and the Alerce Costero National Park in southern Chile. Dogs were mostly located near households (&lt;200&nbsp;m) but exhibited a diurnal pattern of directed excursions (forays) away from their home locations. Dogs spent, on average, 5.3% of their time in forays with average per dog foray distances from the house ranging 0.5&ndash;1.9&nbsp;km (maximum distance detected 4.3&nbsp;km). Foraying behavior was positively associated with pasture habitat compared to forest habitat including protected lands. Foraying dogs rarely used forest habitat and, when entered, trails and/or roads were selected for movement. Our study provides important information about how dogs interact in a fine-scale with wildlife habitat, and, in particular, protected lands, providing insight into how dog behavior might drive wildlife interactions, and, in turn, how an understanding of dog behavior can be used to manage these interactions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.mambio.2015.03.001","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, M., Pelican, K., Cross, P.C., Eguren, A., and Singer, R.S., 2015, Fine-scale movements of rural free-ranging dogs in conservation areas in the temperate rainforest of the coastal range of southern Chile: Mammalian Biology, v. 80, no. 4, p. 290-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2015.03.001.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"297","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055697","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Alerce Costero National Park; Valdivian Coastal Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.57955932617188,\n              -39.94659500773898\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.48342895507812,\n              -40.00447583427404\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.40103149414062,\n              -40.07071544306934\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.35845947265625,\n              -40.09698316727956\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.32138061523438,\n              -40.1211405215982\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.4051513671875,\n              -40.17887331434696\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.49990844726561,\n              -40.136890695345905\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.60565185546875,\n              -40.07912221750035\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.7017822265625,\n              -40.00237193587647\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.6798095703125,\n              -39.982381667715686\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.67431640625,\n              -39.965543219966044\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.64410400390625,\n              -39.953964380766394\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.57955932617188,\n              -39.94659500773898\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c325a7e4b033ef52106a6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Maximiliano","contributorId":145751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Maximiliano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16225,"text":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pelican, Katherine","contributorId":145752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pelican","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16225,"text":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eguren, Antonieta","contributorId":145753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eguren","given":"Antonieta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16226,"text":"Center for Latin American Studies & Center for African Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singer, Randall S.","contributorId":106742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70155219,"text":"70155219 - 2015 - Influences of supplemental feeding on winter elk calf:cow ratios in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:32:56","indexId":"70155219","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of supplemental feeding on winter elk calf:cow ratios in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p><span>Several elk herds in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem are fed during winter to alleviate interactions with livestock, reduce damage to stored crops, and to manage for high elk numbers. The effects of supplemental feeding on ungulate population dynamics has rarely been examined, despite the fact that supplemental feeding is partially justified as necessary for maintaining or enhancing population growth rates. We used linear regression to assess how the presence of feedgrounds, snowpack, summer rainfall, indices of grizzly bear density and wolves per elk, elk population trend counts, brucellosis seroprevalence, and survey date were correlated with midwinter calf:cow ratios, a metric correlated with population growth, from 1983&ndash;2010 from 12 ecologically similar elk herd units (7 fed and 5 unfed) in Wyoming, USA. Our statistical approach allowed for rigorous tests of the hypotheses that supplemental feeding had positive effects on calf:cow ratios and reduced sensitivity of calf:cow ratios to bottom-up limitation relative to top-down limitation from native predators. Calf:cow ratios generally declined across all herd units over the study period and varied widely among units with feedgrounds. We found no evidence that the presence of feedgrounds had positive effects on midwinter calf:cow ratios in Wyoming. Further, fed elk showed stronger correlations with environmental factors, whereas calf:cow ratios for unfed elk showed stronger correlations with predator indices. Although we found no consistent association between winter feeding and higher calf:cow ratios, we did not assess late winter mortality and differences in human offtake between fed and unfed regions, which remain a priority for future research.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.908","usgsCitation":"M. 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