This document presents protocols and guidelines to persons sampling fishes in the Grand Canyon, to help ensure consistency in fish handling, fish tagging, and data collection among different projects and organizations. Most such research and monitoring projects are conducted under the general umbrella of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program and include studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Park Service (NPS), the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD), various universities, and private contractors. This document is intended to provide guidance to fieldworkers regarding protocols that may vary from year to year depending on specific projects and objectives. We also provide herein documentation of standard methods used in the Grand Canyon that can be cited in scientific publications, as well as a summary of changes in protocols since the document was first created in 2002.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Biological science in Book 2 Collection of Environmental Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm2A12","usgsCitation":"Persons, W.R., Ward, D.L., and Avery, L.A., 2013, Standardized methods for Grand Canyon fisheries research 2015 (Originally posted January 15, 2013; Version 1.1: February 3, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 2-A12, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm2A12.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm2A12.PNG"},{"id":266698,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a12/"},{"id":266699,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a12/tm2a12.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.9799,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,35.7503 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted January 15, 2013; Version 1.1: February 3, 2015","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 12 of Section A: Biological science in Book 2 Collection of Environmental Data.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef76e4b0d965cd9f22cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Persons, William R. wpersons@usgs.gov","contributorId":4028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persons","given":"William","email":"wpersons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avery, Luke A. lavery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avery","given":"Luke","email":"lavery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70102982,"text":"70102982 - 2013 - Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-28T13:15:16","indexId":"70102982","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-28T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2850,"text":"Near Surface Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data","docAbstract":"Within the south-western Mojave Desert, the Joshua Basin Water District is considering applying imported water into infiltration ponds in the Joshua Tree groundwater sub-basin in an attempt to artificially recharge the underlying aquifer. Scarce subsurface hydrogeological data are available near the proposed recharge site; therefore, time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) data were collected and analysed to characterize the subsurface. TDEM soundings were acquired to estimate the depth to water on either side of the Pinto Mountain Fault, a major east-west trending strike-slip fault that transects the proposed recharge site. While TDEM is a standard technique for groundwater investigations, special care must be taken when acquiring and interpreting TDEM data in a twodimensional (2D) faulted environment. A subset of the TDEM data consistent with a layered-earth interpretation was identified through a combination of three-dimensional (3D) forward modelling and diffusion time-distance estimates. Inverse modelling indicates an offset in water table elevation of nearly 40 m across the fault. These findings imply that the fault acts as a low-permeability barrier to groundwater flow in the vicinity of the proposed recharge site. Existing production wells on the south side of the fault, together with a thick unsaturated zone and permeable near-surface deposits, suggest the southern half of the study area is suitable for artificial recharge. These results illustrate the effectiveness of targeted TDEM in support of hydrological studies in a heavily faulted desert environment where data are scarce and the cost of obtaining these data by conventional drilling techniques is prohibitive.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Near Surface Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers","doi":"10.3997/1873-0604.2013043","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., Burgess, M.K., and Nishikawa, T., 2013, Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data: Near Surface Geophysics, v. 11, no. 5, p. 545-555, https://doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2013043.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"555","ipdsId":"IP-011505","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286668,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2013043"}],"volume":"11","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535f786de4b078dca33ae365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew K. 0000-0002-2828-8910 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-8910","contributorId":2115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042894,"text":"sir20125226 - 2013 - Determination of flow losses in the Cape Fear River between B. Everett Jordan Lake and Lillington, North Carolina, 2008-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-28T20:02:17","indexId":"sir20125226","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5226","title":"Determination of flow losses in the Cape Fear River between B. Everett Jordan Lake and Lillington, North Carolina, 2008-2010","docAbstract":"During 2008-2010, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a hydrologic investigation in cooperation with the Triangle J Council of Governments Cape Fear River Flow Study Committee and the North Carolina Division of Water Resources to collect hydrologic data in the Cape Fear River between B. Everett Jordan Lake and Lillington in central North Carolina to help determine if suspected flow losses occur in the reach. Flow loss analyses were completed by summing the daily flow releases at Jordan Lake Dam with the daily discharges at Deep River at Moncure and Buckhorn Creek near Corinth, then subtracting these values from the daily discharges at Cape Fear River at Lillington. Examination of long-term records revealed that during 10,227 days of the 1983-2010 water years, 408 days (4.0 percent) had flow loss when conditions were relatively steady with respect to the previous day's records. The flow loss that occurred on these 40 days ranged from 0.49 to 2,150 cubic feet per second with a median flow loss of 37.2 cubic feet per second. The months with the highest number of days with flow losses were June (16. percent), September (16.9 percent), and October (19.4 percent). A series of synoptic discharge measurements made on six separate days in 2009 provided \"snapshots\" of overall flow conditions along the study reach. The largest water diversion is just downstream from the confluence of the Haw and Deep Rivers, and discharges substantially decrease in the main stem downstream from the intake point. Downstream from Buckhorn Dam, minimal gain or loss between the dam and Raven Rock State Park was noted. Analyses of discharge measurements and ratings for two streamgages-one at Deep River at Moncure and the other at Cape Fear River at Lillington-were completed to address the accuracy of the relation between stage and discharge at these sites. The ratings analyses did not indicate a particular time during the 1982-2011 water years in which a consistent bias occurred in the computations of discharge records that would indicate false flow losses. A total of 34 measured discharges at a streamgage on the Haw River below B. Everett Jordan Lake near Moncure were compared with the reported hourly flow releases from Jordan Lake Dam. Because 28 of 34 measurements were within plus or minus 10 percent of the hourly flow releases reported by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers, use of the current discharge computation tables for reporting Jordan Lake Dam flow releases is generally supported. A stage gage was operated on the Cape Fear River at Buckhorn Dam near Corinth to collect continuous stage-only records. Throughout the study period, flow over the dam was observed along its length, and flow loss within the study reach is not attributed to river-level fluctuations at the dam. Water-use information and (or) data were obtained for five industrial facilities, a regional power utility, two municipalities, one small hydropower facility on the Deep River, and one quarry operation also adjacent to the Deep River. The largest water users are the regional power producer, a small hydropower operation, and the two municipalities. The total water-use diversions for these facilities range from almost 25.5 to 38.5 cubic feet per second (39.5 to 59.5 million gallons per day) during the winter and summer periods, respectively. This range is equivalent to 69 to 104 percent of the 37 cubic feet per second median flow loss. The Lockville hydropower station is on the Deep River about 1 mile downstream from the streamgage near Moncure. Run-of-river operations at the facility do not appear to affect flow losses in the study reach. The largest water user in the study area is a regional power producer at a coal-fired power-generation plant located immediately adjacent to the Cape Fear River just downstream from the confluence of the Haw an Deep Rivers. Comparisons of daily water withdrawals, sup-plied by the regional power producer, and discharge records at a streamgage on the diversion canal indicated many days when consumption exceeded the producer's estimates for the cooling towers. Uncertainty surrounding reasonable estimates of consumption remained in effect at the end of the study. Data concerning evaporative losses were compiled using two approaches-an analysis of available pan-evaporation data from a National Weather Service cooperative observer station in Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and a compilation of reference open-water evaporation computed by the State Climate Office of North Carolina. The potential flow loss by evaporation from the main stem and the Deep River was estimated to be in the range of 4 to 14 cubic feet per second during May through October, equivalent to 10 to 38 percent of the 37 cubic feet per second median flow loss. Daily water-use diversions and evaporation losses were compared to flow-loss occurrences during the period April 2008 through September 2010. In comparing the surface-water, water-use, and evaporation data compiled for 2008-2010, it is evident that documented water diversions combined with flow losses by open-water evaporation can exceed the net flow gain in the study area and result in flow losses from the reach. Analysis of data from a streamgage downstream from the regional power plant on the diversion canal adjacent to the Cape Fear River provided insight into the occurrence of an apparent flow loss at the streamgage at Lillington. Assessment of the daily discharges and subsequent hydrographs for the canal streamgage indicated at least 24 instances during the study when the flows suddenly changed by magnitudes of 100 to more that 200 cubic feet per second, resulting in a noted time-lag effect on the downstream discharges at the Lillington streamgage, beginning 8 to 16 hours after the sudden flow change. A fiber-optic distributed temperature-sensing survey was conducted on the Cape Fear River at the Raven Rock State Park reach August 12-14, 2009, to determine if the presence of diabase dikes were preferentially directing groundwater discharge. No temperature anomalies of colder water were measured during the survey, which indicated that at the time of the survey that particular reach of the Cape Fear River was a \"no-flow\" or losing stream. An aerial thermal-infrared survey was conducted on the Haw and Cape Fear Rivers on February 27, 2010, from Jordan Lake Dam to Lillington to qualitatively delineate areas of groundwater discharge on the basis of the contrast between warm groundwater discharge and cold surface-water temperatures. Dis-charge generally was noted as diffuse seepage, but in a few cases springs were detected as inflow at a discrete point of discharge. Two reaches of the Cape Fear River (regional power plant and Bradley Road reaches) were selected for groundwater monitoring with a transect of piezometers installed within the flood plain. Groundwater-level altitudes at these reaches were analyzed for 1 water year (October 1, 2009, to September 30, 2010). Data collected as part of this study represent only a brief period of time and may not represent all conditions and all years; however, the data indicate that, during the dry summer months, the Cape Fear River within the study area is losing an undetermined quantity of water through seepage. Analyses completed during this investigation indicate a study reach with complex flow patterns affected by numerous concurrent factors resulting in flow losses. The causes of flow loss could not be solely attributed to any one factor. Among the factors considered, the occurrences of water diversions and evaporative losses were determined to be sufficient on some days (particularly during the base-flow period) to exceed the net gain in flows between the upstream and downstream ends of the study area. Losses by diversions and evaporation can exceed the median flow loss of 3 cubic feet per second, which indicates that flow loss from the study reach is real. Groundwater data collected during 2009-2010 indicate the possibility of localized flow loss during the summer, particularly in the impounded reach above Buckhorn Dam. However, no indication of unusual patterns was noted that would cause substantial flow loss by groundwater and surface-water interaction at the river bottom.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125226","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Triangle J Council of Governments Cape Fear River Flow Study Committee and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J., and McSwain, K., 2013, Determination of flow losses in the Cape Fear River between B. Everett Jordan Lake and Lillington, North Carolina, 2008-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5226, x, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125226.","productDescription":"x, 76 p.","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5226.gif"},{"id":266620,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5226/"},{"id":266621,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5226/pdf/sir2012-5226_v3.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Lillington","otherGeospatial":"B. Everett Jordan Lake;Cape Fear River;Shearon Harris Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.161987,35.417314 ], [ -79.161987,35.612372 ], [ -78.798752,35.612372 ], [ -78.798752,35.417314 ], [ -79.161987,35.417314 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51079deae4b0df796f216e0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, J. Curtis","contributorId":42260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J. Curtis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McSwain, Kristen Bukowski","contributorId":104458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSwain","given":"Kristen Bukowski","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042968,"text":"70042968 - 2013 - Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T10:01:20","indexId":"70042968","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales","docAbstract":"Recently there has been considerable concern about declines in bee communities in agricultural and natural habitats. The value of pollination to agriculture, provided primarily by bees, is >$200 billion/year worldwide, and in natural ecosystems it is thought to be even greater. However, no monitoring program exists to accurately detect declines in abundance of insect pollinators; thus, it is difficult to quantify the status of bee communities or estimate the extent of declines. We used data from 11 multiyear studies of bee communities to devise a program to monitor pollinators at regional, national, or international scales. In these studies, 7 different methods for sampling bees were used and bees were sampled on 3 different continents. We estimated that a monitoring program with 200-250 sampling locations each sampled twice over 5 years would provide sufficient power to detect small (2-5%) annual declines in the number of species and in total abundance and would cost U.S.$2,000,000. To detect declines as small as 1% annually over the same period would require >300 sampling locations. Given the role of pollinators in food security and ecosystem function, we recommend establishment of integrated regional and international monitoring programs to detect changes in pollinator communities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x","usgsCitation":"Lubuhn, G., Droege, S., Connor, E., Gemmill-Herren, B., Potts, S.G., Minckley, R.L., Griswold, T., Jean, R., Kula, E., Roubik, D.W., Cane, J., Wright, K.W., Frankie, G., and Parker, F., 2013, Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 113-120, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-016950","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266790,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe;North America;South America","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510ba081e4b0947afa3c857f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lubuhn, Gretchen","contributorId":21436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubuhn","given":"Gretchen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Droege, Sam sdroege@usgs.gov","contributorId":3464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","email":"sdroege@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, Edward F.","contributorId":17503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gemmill-Herren, Barbara","contributorId":6741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemmill-Herren","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Potts, Simon G.","contributorId":108373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potts","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minckley, Robert L.","contributorId":86652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minckley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Griswold, Terry","contributorId":9548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griswold","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jean, Robert","contributorId":89424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jean","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kula, Emanuel","contributorId":96981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Emanuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Roubik, David W.","contributorId":36822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roubik","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cane, Jim","contributorId":84238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cane","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wright, Karen W.","contributorId":95772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Frankie, Gordon","contributorId":96563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankie","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Parker, Frank","contributorId":42855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70042867,"text":"ofr20131026 - 2013 - Abstracts for the October 2012 meeting on Volcanism in the American Southwest, Flagstaff, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T16:29:22","indexId":"ofr20131026","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1026","title":"Abstracts for the October 2012 meeting on Volcanism in the American Southwest, Flagstaff, Arizona","docAbstract":"Though volcanic eruptions are comparatively rare in the American Southwest, the States of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah host Holocene volcanic eruption deposits and are vulnerable to future volcanic activity. Compared with other parts of the western United States, comparatively little research has been focused on this area, and eruption probabilities are poorly constrained. Monitoring infrastructure consists of a variety of local seismic networks, and ”backbone“ geodetic networks with little integration. Emergency response planning for volcanic unrest has received little attention by either Federal or State agencies. On October 18–20, 2012, 90 people met at the U.S. Geological Survey campus in Flagstaff, Arizona, providing an opportunity for volcanologists, land managers, and emergency responders to meet, converse, and begin to plan protocols for any future activity. Geologists contributed data on recent findings of eruptive ages, eruption probabilities, and hazards extents (plume heights, ash dispersal). Geophysicists discussed evidence for magma intrusions from seismic, geodetic, and other geophysical techniques. Network operators publicized their recent work and the relevance of their equipment to volcanic regions. Land managers and emergency responders shared their experiences with emergency planning for earthquakes. The meeting was organized out of the recognition that little attention had been paid to planning for or mitigation of volcanic hazards in the American Southwest. Moreover, few geological meetings have hosted a session specifically devoted to this topic. This volume represents one official outcome of the meeting—a collection of abstracts related to talks and poster presentations shared during the first two days of the meeting. In addition, this report includes the meeting agenda as a record of the proceedings. One additional intended outcome will be greater discussion and coordination among emergency responders, geologists, geophysicists, and land managers regarding geologic hazards in the Southwest.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131026","usgsCitation":"Lowenstern, J.B., 2013, Abstracts for the October 2012 meeting on Volcanism in the American Southwest, Flagstaff, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1026, vii, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131026.","productDescription":"vii, 39 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1026.gif"},{"id":266542,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1026/of2013-1026.pdf"},{"id":266543,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1026/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5104fae2e4b091226576e996","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042809,"text":"70042809 - 2013 - Prediction, time variance, and classification of hydraulic response to recharge in two karst aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T11:21:43","indexId":"70042809","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction, time variance, and classification of hydraulic response to recharge in two karst aquifers","docAbstract":"Many karst aquifers are rapidly filled and depleted and therefore are likely to be susceptible to changes in short-term climate variability. Here we explore methods that could be applied to model site-specific hydraulic responses, with the intent of simulating these responses to different climate scenarios from high-resolution climate models. We compare hydraulic responses (spring flow, groundwater level, stream base flow, and cave drip) at several sites in two karst aquifers: the Edwards aquifer (Texas, USA) and the Madison aquifer (South Dakota, USA). A lumped-parameter model simulates nonlinear soil moisture changes for estimation of recharge, and a time-variant convolution model simulates the aquifer response to this recharge. Model fit to data is 2.4% better for calibration periods than for validation periods according to the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency, which ranges from 0.53 to 0.94 for validation periods. We use metrics that describe the shapes of the impulse-response functions (IRFs) obtained from convolution modeling to make comparisons in the distribution of response times among sites and between aquifers. Time-variant IRFs were applied to 62% of the sites. Principal component analysis (PCA) of metrics describing the shapes of the IRFs indicates three principal components that together account for 84% of the variability in IRF shape: the first is related to IRF skewness and temporal spread and accounts for 51% of the variability; the second and third largely are related to time-variant properties and together account for 33% of the variability. Sites with IRFs that dominantly comprise exponential curves are separated geographically from those dominantly comprising lognormal curves in both aquifers as a result of spatial heterogeneity. The use of multiple IRF metrics in PCA is a novel method to characterize, compare, and classify the way in which different sites and aquifers respond to recharge. As convolution models are developed for additional aquifers, they could contribute to an IRF database and a general classification system for karst aquifers.","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","publisherLocation":"Munich, Germany","doi":"10.5194/hess-17-281-2013","usgsCitation":"Long, A.J., and Mahler, B., 2013, Prediction, time variance, and classification of hydraulic response to recharge in two karst aquifers: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 17, p. 281-294, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-281-2013.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"294","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-039376","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-281-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":266470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266476,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/9/9577/2012/hessd-9-9577-2012.html"},{"id":266473,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/17/281/2013/hess-17-281-2013-supplement.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer, Madison Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.5,28.9 ], [ -104.5,44.5 ], [ -97.25,44.5 ], [ -97.25,28.9 ], [ -104.5,28.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5103a968e4b0ce88de6409b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7385-8081 ajlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8081","contributorId":989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew","email":"ajlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042979,"text":"70042979 - 2013 - Structure and development of old-growth, unmanaged second-growth, and extended rotation Pinus resinosa forests in Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T11:14:34","indexId":"70042979","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure and development of old-growth, unmanaged second-growth, and extended rotation Pinus resinosa forests in Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"The structure and developmental dynamics of old-growth forests often serve as important baselines for restoration prescriptions aimed at promoting more complex structural conditions in managed forest landscapes. Nonetheless, long-term information on natural patterns of development is rare for many commercially important and ecologically widespread forest types. Moreover, the effectiveness of approaches recommended for restoring old-growth structural conditions to managed forests, such as the application of extended rotation forestry, has been little studied. This study uses several long-term datasets from old growth, extended rotation, and unmanaged second growth Pinus resinosa (red pine) forests in northern Minnesota, USA, to quantify the range of variation in structural conditions for this forest type and to evaluate the effectiveness of extended rotation forestry at promoting the development of late-successional structural conditions. Long-term tree population data from permanent plots for one of the old-growth stands and the extended rotation stands (87 and 61 years, respectively) also allowed for an examination of the long-term structural dynamics of these systems. Old-growth forests were more structurally complex than unmanaged second-growth and extended rotation red pine stands, due in large part to the significantly higher volumes of coarse woody debris (70.7 vs. 11.5 and 4.7 m3/ha, respectively) and higher snag basal area (6.9 vs. 2.9 and 0.5 m2/ha, respectively). In addition, old-growth forests, although red pine-dominated, contained a greater abundance of other species, including Pinus strobus, Abies balsamea, and Picea glauca relative to the other stand types examined. These differences between stand types largely reflect historic gap-scale disturbances within the old-growth systems and their corresponding structural and compositional legacies. Nonetheless, extended rotation thinning treatments, by accelerating advancement to larger tree diameter classes, generated diameter distributions more closely approximating those found in old growth within a shorter time frame than depicted in long-term examinations of old-growth structural development. These results suggest that extended rotation treatments may accelerate the development of old-growth structural characteristics, provided that coarse woody debris and snags are deliberately retained and created on site. These and other developmental characteristics of old-growth systems can inform forest management when objectives include the restoration of structural conditions found in late-successional forests.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.033","usgsCitation":"Silver, E.J., D’Amato, A.W., Fraver, S., Palik, B.J., and Bradford, J.B., 2013, Structure and development of old-growth, unmanaged second-growth, and extended rotation Pinus resinosa forests in Minnesota, USA: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 291, p. 110-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.033.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-041114","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266727,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.033"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Chippewa National Forest;Itasca State Park;Scenic State Park;Superior National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.24,46.36 ], [ -97.24,48.02 ], [ -89.49,48.02 ], [ -89.49,46.36 ], [ -97.24,46.36 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"291","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510ba09ae4b0947afa3c860c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silver, Emily J.","contributorId":29288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silver","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":472720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":472723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":78619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042813,"text":"sir20125253 - 2013 - Groundwater quality and the relation between pH values and occurrence of trace elements and radionuclides in water samples collected from private wells in part of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-24T13:52:51","indexId":"sir20125253","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5253","title":"Groundwater quality and the relation between pH values and occurrence of trace elements and radionuclides in water samples collected from private wells in part of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 2011","docAbstract":"From 1999 to 2007, the Indian Health Service reported that gross alpha-particle activities and concentrations of uranium exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Levels for public drinking-water supplies in water samples from six private wells and two test wells in a rural residential neighborhood in the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, in central Oklahoma. Residents in this rural area use groundwater from Quaternary-aged terrace deposits and the Permian-aged Garber-Wellington aquifer for domestic purposes. Uranium and other trace elements, specifically arsenic, chromium, and selenium, occur naturally in rocks composing the Garber-Wellington aquifer and in low concentrations in groundwater throughout its extent. Previous studies have shown that pH values above 8.0 from cation-exchange processes in the aquifer cause selected metals such as arsenic, chromium, selenium, and uranium to desorb (if present) from mineral surfaces and become mobile in water. On the basis of this information, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, conducted a study in 2011 to describe the occurrence of selected trace elements and radionuclides in groundwater and to determine if pH could be used as a surrogate for laboratory analysis to quickly and inexpensively identify wells that might contain high concentrations of uranium and other trace elements. The pH and specific conductance of groundwater from 59 private wells were measured in the field in an area of about 18 square miles in Lincoln and Pottawatomie Counties. Twenty of the 59 wells also were sampled for dissolved concentrations of major ions, trace elements, gross alpha-particle and gross beta-particle activities, uranium, radium-226, radium-228, and radon-222 gas. Arsenic concentrations exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level of 10 micrograms per liter in one sample having a concentration of 24.7 micrograms per liter. Selenium concentrations exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level of 50 micrograms per liter in one sample having a concentration of 147 micrograms per liter. Both samples had alkaline pH values, 8.0 and 8.4, respectively. Uranium concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 383 micrograms per liter with 5 of 20 samples exceeding the Maximum Contaminant Level of 30 micrograms per liter; the five wells with uranium concentrations exceeding 30 micrograms per liter had pH values ranging from 8.0 to 8.5. Concentrations of uranium and radon-222 and gross alpha-particle activity showed a positive relation to pH, with the highest concentrations and activity in samples having pH values of 8.0 or above. The groundwater samples contained dissolved oxygen and high concentrations of bicarbonate; these characteristics are also factors in increasing uranium solubility. Concentrations of radium-226 and radium-228 (combined) ranged from 0.03 to 1.7 picocuries per liter, with a median concentration of 0.45 picocuries per liter for all samples. Radon-222 concentrations ranged from 95 to 3,600 picocuries per liter with a median concentration of 261 picocuries per liter. Eight samples having pH values ranging from 8.0 to 8.7 exceeded the proposed Maximum Contaminant Level of 300 picocuries per liter for radon-222. Eight samples exceeded the 15 picocuries per liter Maximum Contaminant Level for gross alpha-particle activity at 72 hours (after sample collection) and at 30 days (after the initial count); those samples had pH values ranging from 8.0 to 8.5. Gross beta-particle activity increased in 15 of 21 samples during the interval from 72 hours to 30 days. The increase in gross beta-particle activity over time probably was caused by the ingrowth and decay of uranium daughter products that emit beta particles. Water-quality data collected for this study indicate that pH values above 8.0 are associated with potentially high concentrations of uranium and radon-222 and high gross alpha-particle activity in the study area. High pH values also are associated with potentially high concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and selenium in groundwater when these elements occur in the aquifer matrix along groundwater-flow paths.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125253","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma","usgsCitation":"Becker, C., 2013, Groundwater quality and the relation between pH values and occurrence of trace elements and radionuclides in water samples collected from private wells in part of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5253, vii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125253.","productDescription":"vii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"60","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5253.gif"},{"id":266416,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5253/SIR2012-5253.pdf"},{"id":266415,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5253/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum, 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Kickapoo Tribe Of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.00,35.83 ], [ -98.00,36.16 ], [ -95.67,36.16 ], [ -95.67,35.83 ], [ -98.00,35.83 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51026617e4b0d4f5ea817bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042804,"text":"ds737 - 2013 - Electron donor concentrations in sediments and sediment properties at the agricultural chemicals team research site near New Providence, Iowa, 2006-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-24T09:45:02","indexId":"ds737","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"737","title":"Electron donor concentrations in sediments and sediment properties at the agricultural chemicals team research site near New Providence, Iowa, 2006-07","docAbstract":"The concentrations of electron donors in aquifer sediments are important to the understanding of the fate and transport of redox-sensitive constituents in groundwater, such as nitrate. For a study by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 50 sediment samples were collected from below the water table from 11 boreholes at the U.S. Geological Survey Agricultural Chemicals Team research site near New Providence, Iowa, during 2006-07. All samples were analyzed for gravel, sand (coarse, medium, and fine), silt, clay, Munsell soil color, inorganic carbon content, and for the following electron donors: organic carbon, ferrous iron, and inorganic sulfide. A subset of 14 sediment samples also was analyzed for organic sulfur, but all of these samples had concentrations less than the method detection limit; therefore, the presence of this potential electron donor was not considered further. X-ray diffraction analyses provided important semi-quantitative information of well-crystallized dominant minerals within the sediments that might be contributing electron donors.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds737","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Maharjan, B., Korom, S.F., and Smith, E.A., 2013, Electron donor concentrations in sediments and sediment properties at the agricultural chemicals team research site near New Providence, Iowa, 2006-07: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 737, vi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds737.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-025991","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_737.gif"},{"id":266358,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/737/"},{"id":266359,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/737/ds737.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"New Providence","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.83,42.25 ], [ -93.83,42.58 ], [ -93.00,42.58 ], [ -93.00,42.25 ], [ -93.83,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5102660fe4b0d4f5ea817bd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maharjan, Bijesh","contributorId":99444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maharjan","given":"Bijesh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korom, Scott F.","contributorId":27759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korom","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Erik A. 0000-0001-8434-0798 easmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-0798","contributorId":1405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Erik","email":"easmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042825,"text":"ofr20131010 - 2013 - Development of a database-driven system for simulating water temperature in the lower Yakima River main stem, Washington, for various climate scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-24T15:54:30","indexId":"ofr20131010","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1010","title":"Development of a database-driven system for simulating water temperature in the lower Yakima River main stem, Washington, for various climate scenarios","docAbstract":"A model for simulating daily maximum and mean water temperatures was developed by linking two existing models: one developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and one developed by the Bureau of Reclamation. The study area included the lower Yakima River main stem between the Roza Dam and West Richland, Washington. To automate execution of the labor-intensive models, a database-driven model automation program was developed to decrease operation costs, to reduce user error, and to provide the capability to perform simulations quickly for multiple management and climate change scenarios. Microsoft© SQL Server 2008 R2 Integration Services packages were developed to (1) integrate climate, flow, and stream geometry data from diverse sources (such as weather stations, a hydrologic model, and field measurements) into a single relational database; (2) programmatically generate heavily formatted model input files; (3) iteratively run water temperature simulations; (4) process simulation results for export to other models; and (5) create a database-driven infrastructure that facilitated experimentation with a variety of scenarios, node permutations, weather data, and hydrologic conditions while minimizing costs of running the model with various model configurations. As a proof-of-concept exercise, water temperatures were simulated for a \"Current Conditions\" scenario, where local weather data from 1980 through 2005 were used as input, and for \"Plus 1\" and \"Plus 2\" climate warming scenarios, where the average annual air temperatures used in the Current Conditions scenario were increased by 1degree Celsius (°C) and by 2°C, respectively. Average monthly mean daily water temperatures simulated for the Current Conditions scenario were compared to measured values at the Bureau of Reclamation Hydromet gage at Kiona, Washington, for 2002-05. Differences ranged between 1.9° and 1.1°C for February, March, May, and June, and were less than 0.8°C for the remaining months of the year. The difference between current conditions and measured monthly values for the two warmest months (July and August) were 0.5°C and 0.2°C, respectively. The model predicted that water temperature generally becomes less sensitive to air temperature increases as the distance from the mouth of the river decreases. As a consequence, the difference between climate warming scenarios also decreased. The pattern of decreasing sensitivity is most pronounced from August to October. Interactive graphing tools were developed to explore the relative sensitivity of average monthly and mean daily water temperature to increases in air temperature for model output locations along the lower Yakima River main stem.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131010","usgsCitation":"Voss, F., and Maule, A., 2013, Development of a database-driven system for simulating water temperature in the lower Yakima River main stem, Washington, for various climate scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1010, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131010.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1010.jpg"},{"id":266435,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1010/"},{"id":266436,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1010/pdf/ofr20131010.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.67,46.00 ], [ -120.67,47.00 ], [ -119.00,47.00 ], [ -119.00,46.00 ], [ -120.67,46.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5102660ee4b0d4f5ea817bcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Frank","contributorId":71848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maule, Alec","contributorId":50614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042776,"text":"tm6A43 - 2013 - Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3: A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:50:03.749337","indexId":"tm6A43","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A43","title":"Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3: A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations","docAbstract":"PHREEQC version 3 is a computer program written in the C and C++ programming languages that is designed to perform a wide variety of aqueous geochemical calculations. PHREEQC implements several types of aqueous models: two ion-association aqueous models (the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory model and WATEQ4F), a Pitzer specific-ion-interaction aqueous model, and the SIT (Specific ion Interaction Theory) aqueous model. Using any of these aqueous models, PHREEQC has capabilities for (1) speciation and saturation-index calculations; (2) batch-reaction and one-dimensional (1D) transport calculations with reversible and irreversible reactions, which include aqueous, mineral, gas, solid-solution, surface-complexation, and ion-exchange equilibria, and specified mole transfers of reactants, kinetically controlled reactions, mixing of solutions, and pressure and temperature changes; and (3) inverse modeling, which finds sets of mineral and gas mole transfers that account for differences in composition between waters within specified compositional uncertainty limits. Many new modeling features were added to PHREEQC version 3 relative to version 2. The Pitzer aqueous model (pitzer.dat database, with keyword PITZER) can be used for high-salinity waters that are beyond the range of application for the Debye-Hückel theory. The Peng-Robinson equation of state has been implemented for calculating the solubility of gases at high pressure. Specific volumes of aqueous species are calculated as a function of the dielectric properties of water and the ionic strength of the solution, which allows calculation of pressure effects on chemical reactions and the density of a solution. The specific conductance and the density of a solution are calculated and printed in the output file. In addition to Runge-Kutta integration, a stiff ordinary differential equation solver (CVODE) has been included for kinetic calculations with multiple rates that occur at widely different time scales. Surface complexation can be calculated with the CD-MUSIC (Charge Distribution MUltiSIte Complexation) triple-layer model in addition to the diffuse-layer model. The composition of the electrical double layer of a surface can be estimated by using the Donnan approach, which is more robust and faster than the alternative Borkovec-Westall integration. Multicomponent diffusion, diffusion in the electrostatic double layer on a surface, and transport of colloids with simultaneous surface complexation have been added to the transport module. A series of keyword data blocks has been added for isotope calculations—ISOTOPES, CALCULATE_VALUES, ISOTOPE_ALPHAS, ISOTOPE_RATIOS, and NAMED_EXPRESSIONS. Solution isotopic data can be input in conventional units (for example, permil, percent modern carbon, or tritium units) and the numbers are converted to moles of isotope by PHREEQC. The isotopes are treated as individual components (they must be defined as individual master species) so that each isotope has its own set of aqueous species, gases, and solids. The isotope-related keywords allow calculating equilibrium fractionation of isotopes among the species and phases of a system. The calculated isotopic compositions are printed in easily readable conventional units. New keywords and options facilitate the setup of input files and the interpretation of the results. Keyword data blocks can be copied (keyword COPY) and deleted (keyword DELETE). Keyword data items can be altered by using the keyword data blocks with the _MODIFY extension and a simulation can be run with all reactants of a given index number (keyword RUN_CELLS). The definition of the complete chemical state of all reactants of PHREEQC can be saved in a file in a raw data format ( DUMP and _RAW keywords). The file can be read as part of another input file with the INCLUDE$ keyword. These keywords facilitate the use of IPhreeqc, which is a module implementing all PHREEQC version 3 capabilities; the module is designed to be used in other programs that need to implement geochemical calculations; for example, transport codes. Charting capabilities have been added to some versions of PHREEQC. Charting capabilities have been added to Windows distributions of PHREEQC version 3. (Charting on Linux requires installation of Wine.) The keyword data block USER_GRAPH allows selection of data for plotting and manipulation of chart appearance. Almost any results from geochemical simulations (for example, concentrations, activities, or saturation indices) can be retrieved by using Basic language functions and specified as data for plotting in USER_GRAPH. Results of transport simulations can be plotted against distance or time. Data can be added to a chart from tab-separated-values files. All input for PHREEQC version 3 is defined in keyword data blocks, each of which may have a series of identifiers for specific types of data. This report provides a complete description of each keyword data block and its associated identifiers. Input files for 22 examples that demonstrate most of the capabilities of PHREEQC version 3 are described and the results of the example simulations are presented and discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A43","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 43 of Section A: Groundwater in Book 6 Modeling Techniques.","usgsCitation":"Parkhurst, D.L., and Appelo, C., 2013, Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3: A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A43, xx, 497 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A43.","productDescription":"xx, 497 p.","numberOfPages":"519","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485934,"rank":4,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/software/phreeqc-version-3","text":"PHREEQC Version 3"},{"id":266311,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a43/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266313,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_6_a43.gif"},{"id":266312,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a43/pdf/tm6-A43.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51010684e4b033b1feeb2bd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Appelo, C.A.J.","contributorId":106539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appelo","given":"C.A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042759,"text":"sim3233 - 2013 - Bedrock topography of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, based on bedrock altitudes from geologic borings and analysis of ambient seismic noise by the horizontal-to-vertical spectral-ratio method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-23T11:30:27","indexId":"sim3233","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3233","title":"Bedrock topography of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, based on bedrock altitudes from geologic borings and analysis of ambient seismic noise by the horizontal-to-vertical spectral-ratio method","docAbstract":"This report presents a topographic map of the bedrock surface beneath western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, that was prepared for use in groundwater-flow models of the Sagamore lens of the Cape Cod aquifer. The bedrock surface of western Cape Cod had been characterized previously through seismic refraction surveys and borings drilled to bedrock. The borings were mostly on and near the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR). The bedrock surface was first mapped by Oldale (1969), and mapping was updated in 2006 by the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE, 2006). This report updates the bedrock-surface map with new data points collected by using a passive seismic technique based on the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) of ambient seismic noise (Lane and others, 2008) and from borings drilled to bedrock since the 2006 map was prepared. The HVSR method is based on a relationship between the resonance frequency of ambient seismic noise as measured at land surface and the thickness of the unconsolidated sediments that overlie consolidated bedrock. The HVSR method was shown by Lane and others (2008) to be an effective method for determining sediment thickness on Cape Cod owing to the distinct difference in the acoustic impedance between the sediments and the underlying bedrock. The HVSR data for 164 sites were combined with data from 559 borings to bedrock in the study area to create a spatially distributed dataset that was manually contoured to prepare a topographic map of the bedrock surface. The interpreted bedrock surface generally slopes downward to the southeast as was shown on the earlier maps by Oldale (1969) and AFCEE (2006). The surface also has complex small-scale topography characteristic of a glacially eroded surface. More information about the methods used to prepare the map is given in the pamphlet that accompanies this plate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3233","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Army National Guard and the Air Forice Center for Engineering and the Environment. This report is available online and in CD-ROM format, please contact the Office Chief for ordering information.","usgsCitation":"Fairchild, G.M., Lane, J.W., Voytek, E.B., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2013, Bedrock topography of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, based on bedrock altitudes from geologic borings and analysis of ambient seismic noise by the horizontal-to-vertical spectral-ratio method: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3233, Pamphlet: iv, 17 p.; 1 Sheet: 48 x 36 inches; GIS materials; GIS instructions; 3 Tables; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3233.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 17 p.; 1 Sheet: 48 x 36 inches; GIS materials; GIS instructions; 3 Tables; CD-ROM","numberOfPages":"22","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3233.jpg"},{"id":266278,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/plates_pdfs/fairchild_ARCH_E_01-04-13_web_508.pdf"},{"id":266276,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/"},{"id":266277,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/pdf/sim3233_fairchild_pamphlet_508_01-10-13.pdf"},{"id":266279,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/gis_pack/gis.zip"},{"id":266280,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/pdf/GIS_file_guide_01-07-13_n.pdf"},{"id":266281,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/excel/fairchild_table1-1_20121203.xlsx"},{"id":266282,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/excel/fairchild_table1-2_20121203.xlsx"},{"id":266283,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/excel/fairchild_table1-3_20121203.xlsx"},{"id":266284,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/versionHist.txt"},{"id":266285,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3233/sim3233_selector.htm"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 19","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","county":"Bourne;Falmouth;Mashper;Sandwich","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.708333,41.5 ], [ -70.708333,41.791667 ], [ -70.375,41.791667 ], [ -70.375,41.5 ], [ -70.708333,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51010660e4b033b1feeb2bc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fairchild, Gillian M. gfairchi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairchild","given":"Gillian","email":"gfairchi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voytek, Emily B. 0000-0003-0981-453X ebvoytek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0981-453X","contributorId":3575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Emily","email":"ebvoytek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042781,"text":"ofr20121268 - 2013 - Concentrations of elements in fish fillets, fish muscle plugs, and crayfish from the 2011 Missouri Department of Conservation general contaminant monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-23T14:34:33","indexId":"ofr20121268","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1268","title":"Concentrations of elements in fish fillets, fish muscle plugs, and crayfish from the 2011 Missouri Department of Conservation general contaminant monitoring program","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a contaminant monitoring survey conducted annually by the Missouri Department of Conservation to examine the levels of selected elemental contaminants in fish fillets, fish muscle plugs, and crayfish. Fillet samples of yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis), golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum), longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis), and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were collected from six sites as part of the Missouri Department of Conservation’s Fish Contaminant Monitoring Program. Fish dorsal muscle plugs were collected from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) at eight of the sites, and crayfish from two sites. Following preparation and analysis of the samples, highlights of the data were as follows: cadmium and lead residues were most elevated in crayfish tissue samples from the Big River at Cherokee Landing, with 1 to 8 micrograms per gram dry weight and 22 to 45 micrograms per gram dry weight, respectively. Some dorsal muscle plugs from largemouth bass collected from Clearwater Lake, Lake St. Louis, Noblett Lake, Hazel Creek Lake, and Harrison County Lake contained mercury residues (1.7 to 4.7 micrograms per gram dry weight) that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Water Quality Criterion of 1.5 micrograms per gram dry weight of fish tissue (equivalent to 0.30 micrograms per gram wet weight).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121268","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the Missouri Department of Conservation","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., Walther, M., Brumbaugh, W.G., and McKee, M., 2013, Concentrations of elements in fish fillets, fish muscle plugs, and crayfish from the 2011 Missouri Department of Conservation general contaminant monitoring program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1268, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121268.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1268.gif"},{"id":266314,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1268/"},{"id":266315,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1268/of12-1268.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.78,36.0 ], [ -95.78,40.6 ], [ -89.0,40.6 ], [ -89.0,36.0 ], [ -95.78,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51010683e4b033b1feeb2bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walther, Michael J. mwalther@usgs.gov","contributorId":2852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Michael J.","email":"mwalther@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Michael J.","contributorId":59527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042728,"text":"ofr20121103 - 2013 - Sea-floor character and geology off the entrance to the Connecticut River, northeastern Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T15:34:37.436641","indexId":"ofr20121103","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1103","title":"Sea-floor character and geology off the entrance to the Connecticut River, northeastern Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"Datasets of gridded multibeam bathymetry and sidescan-sonar backscatter, together covering approximately 29.1 square kilometers, were used to interpret character and geology of the sea floor off the entrance to the Connecticut River in northeastern Long Island Sound. Although originally collected for charting purposes during National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration hydrographic survey H12013, these acoustic data, sidescan-sonar imagery, and the sea-floor sampling and photography stations subsequently occupied to verify the acoustic data (1) show the composition and terrain of the seabed, (2) provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat, and (3) are part of an expanding series of studies that provide a fundamental framework for research and resource management (for example, cables, pipelines, and dredging) activities in this major east coast estuary.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. This report is available online and in DVD-ROM format, please see the Title Page for ordering information.","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., McMullen, K.Y., Ackerman, S.D., Guberski, M.R., and Wood, D.A., 2013, Sea-floor character and geology off the entrance to the Connecticut River, northeastern Long Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1103, HTML Document; DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121103.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-04-30","ipdsId":"IP-038026","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1103/title_page.html"},{"id":266221,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1103/"},{"id":266223,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1103.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-72.23953373392226, 41.257477963929766], [-72.2616062176059, 41.2505197132595], [-72.30125969120047, 41.242135591550266], [-72.30264278610832, 41.243105183856805], [-72.34099871705746, 41.23306705174212], [-72.34175442870804, 41.23685986870588], [-72.34318029974708, 41.237116525492915], [-72.34169739386641, 41.239241073341134], [-72.34179720483922, 41.26279646290539], [-72.3349672825625, 41.26291053258846], [-72.32448713042584, 41.25769184458568], [-72.31994200353903, 41.26233174313049], [-72.31992434310104, 41.26748757862366], [-72.31606023258531, 41.26815773801188], [-72.30677651279814, 41.274008517806045], [-72.2963380065483, 41.27672584324256], [-72.28628804529103, 41.2755722674148], [-72.2809552876052, 41.278766218542195], [-72.27057494644123, 41.281689254172086], [-72.25999498333181, 41.28070540315524], [-72.25751396772392, 41.282544776795525], [-72.25856911229289, 41.28355714523316], [-72.25407761852, 41.28528244919021], [-72.25305099137188, 41.28867602226312], [-72.24609274070156, 41.295163735490576], [-72.24294156570545, 41.295349098725694], [-72.24115922690669, 41.293424172823116], [-72.24289878957427, 41.28589557373709], [-72.24135884885214, 41.282416448401946], [-72.2428560134431, 41.281732030303196], [-72.2403892565456, 41.28057707476166], [-72.23986168426114, 41.27337642601468], [-72.2415584707976, 41.272535162101576], [-72.2387922809819, 41.27160834592631], [-72.24091682883005, 41.270496166515876], [-72.24120200303781, 41.26750183733393], [-72.23930559455596, 41.2665750211587], [-72.23953373392226, 41.257477963929766]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-72.34318029974708, 41.23306705174212, -72.2387922809819, 41.295349098725694], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091977\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50fee5fae4b0fcbbbbab75f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMullen, Katherine Y. kmcmullen@usgs.gov","contributorId":24036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"Katherine","email":"kmcmullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guberski, Megan R.","contributorId":101541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guberski","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wood, Douglas A.","contributorId":23415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}