A combination of radiocarbon dating and counting of annual rings of the remains of trees has been used to establish the time of retreat of forests from sub-alpine mountains in California and Nevada. The information obtained can serve as a palaeoclimatic indicator.
Carbon unusually rich in C13(δC13 = +5.4 to +19.0 per mil relative to the Peedee belemnite carbonate standard of the University of Chicago) is characteristic of certain diagenetic limestones and dolomites in the Miocene Monterey Shale of California and the Nye Mudstone of Oregon. This heavy carbon may have originated through low-temperature equilibration between CO3- - and CO2 in migrating carbonated waters or between CH4 and CO2 in natural gas. Light carbon (δC13 = -5.6 to -18.2 per mil) derived through nonequilibrium oxidation of organic matter also occurs in the carbonate of Monterey Shale in some localities, but at most places it is much less common than heavy carbon.
The oldest tumor so far recorded is believed to have been a hemangioma. It occurred in a bone of a dinosaur’s tail1 and thus considerably antedates the historical period. The oldest known human tumor is much younger, dating back only to the middle of the third century after Christ.1 It was found in the catacombs of Kom el Shougafa in Alexandria, Egypt. This bony tumor (believed to be an osteosarcoma) occurred in the ischium and lower part of the ilium of a pelvic bone. Mention also should be made of a sixteenth century Danish skeleton from Noestried, which had 134 osteomas, and the Bovidal skull, in which there was a sinus osteoma weighing over 12 pounds.2
Tumorlike lesions were obviously a problem in Egypt and Assyria, as dissecting instruments and instructions for tumor removal have been found.3 Paleopathologic studies have not yet disclosed bony tumors which occurred in these periods when vigorous embalming techniques were in vogue, and it is possible that only soft-tissue tumors were of concern. Such soft-tissue tumors, of course, would not survive to the present day, and relative accounts of prehistoric neoplasms must be largely based on intraosseus or calcified tumors. Roentgenographic bone patterns, correlated with size, site, age, etc., have led archaeologists and paleopathologists to believe that most surviving ossified tumors are osteomas and osteosarcomas.4
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0030-4220(67)90488-4","issn":"00304220","usgsCitation":"Kelln, E., McMichael, E., and Zimmermann, B., 1967, A seventeenth century mandibular tumor in a North American Indian: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, v. 23, no. 1, p. 78-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(67)90488-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Putnam County","volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e586e4b0c8380cd46dc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelln, E.E.","contributorId":32672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelln","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMichael, E.V.","contributorId":39115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMichael","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmermann, B.","contributorId":12188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011659,"text":"70011659 - 1967 - Sulfide solubilities in alteration-controlled systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T20:54:01.352699","indexId":"70011659","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfide solubilities in alteration-controlled systems","docAbstract":"Solubilities of sphalerite (ZnS) and galena (PbS) were determined at 300° to 500°C and 1000 bars total pressure in a chemical environment buffered by silicate mineral equilibria. Chloride solutions and muscovite-bearing assemblages characteristic of hydrothermal wall-rock alteration were used; weak acidities at temperature were therefore involved. The metal concentrations encountered tended to be higher than those observed in high bisulfide-H2S systems at neutral to weakly basic pH used in most previous experimentation; the chemical conditions of the work, although not completely satisfactory, are geologically more realistic than previous experimentation done in the basic-pH region.
A metalfluorechromic indicator, Calcein Blue, has been used for the back-titration of milligram amounts of EDTA in presence of gallium complexes. The indicator was used in conjunction with an ultraviolet titration assembly equipped with a cadmium sulphide detector cell and a microammeter for enhanced end-point detection. The result is a convenient and rapid method with an accuracy approaching 0.1 % and a relative standard deviation of about 0.4% for 10 mg of gallium.
Chemical analyses are presented for major and minor elements in two specimens of natural glass reported from Macedon, Victoria, and are compared with new analyses of glass from Mt. Darwin, Tasmania. One specimen of Macedon glass is dark, the other light; both are spongy with relatively large cavities of size uncommon in Darwin glass. Some of the new analyses of Darwin glass extend considerably the compositional range previously reported for Mg, Ni and Co. The chemical composition of Macedon glass cannot be distinguished from that of Darwin glass for any of twenty-five elements investigated. It appears possible that the two specimens of glass reported from Macedon may represent either two mislabelled pieces of Darwin glass, or else a separate natural occurrence of Darwin glass 560 km north of Mt. Darwin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(67)90108-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Chapman, D., Keil, K., and Annell, C., 1967, Comparison of Macedon and Darwin glass: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1595-1603, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(67)90108-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1595","endPage":"1603","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218652,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f843e4b0c8380cd4cfa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, D.R.","contributorId":93621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keil, Klaus","contributorId":55955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keil","given":"Klaus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Annell, C.","contributorId":61150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Annell","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010544,"text":"70010544 - 1967 - Petrology of eucrites, howardites and mesosiderites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-07T16:24:08.419518","indexId":"70010544","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology of eucrites, howardites and mesosiderites","docAbstract":"The eucrite and howardite calcium-rich achondrites and many mesosiderites are considered as a coherent meteorite assemblage, their silicates consisting essentially of calciumpoor monoclinic and orthorhombic pyroxenes and calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar. The achondrites can be grouped according to their brecciated structure as follows: eucrites—unbrecciated and monomict brecciated achondrites; howardites—polymict brecciated achondrites. Many mesosiderites contain brecciated structures; they are distinguished from the achondrites by their large metallic fraction. The structure and composition of rock fragments in the breccias indicate a complicated sequence of events including magmatic differentiation, brecciation, recrystallization and refragmentation, and ejection from the parent body. Detailed mineralogical and chemical data suggest that the magmatic differentiation proceeded primarily by the separation of pyroxene from an ultrabasic parent material that had a much lower alkali content than ordinary chondrites. Magmatic crystallization took place in environments ranging from extrusive to deep-seated intrusive. Polymict breccias contain fragments with a wide variety of magmatic and recrystallization textures, which suggests that the breccias were formed either in very large or repeated fragmentation events. Monomict breccias contain fragments with a small range of similar magmatic textures, which suggests that these breccias were formed by small or single events. Petrographic evidence suggests that many of the breccias are impact breccias. Either in their original magmatic crystallization sites or in the sites of breccia accumulation, most of these meteorites apparently had a near-surface location prior to ejection from the parent body.
Evidence obtained from eucrites, howardites and mesosiderites forms an important part of our understanding of the early evolution of the surface regions of their parent body. Chemical and oxidation conditions were different from those presently found in the Earth's crust and upper mantle, but the necessary conditions may have been present in the early history of the Earth. A lunar origin for eucrites, howardites and mesosiderites is proposed, but an asteroidal origin can not be presently excluded.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(67)90112-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Duke, M., and Silver, L.T., 1967, Petrology of eucrites, howardites and mesosiderites: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1637-1665, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(67)90112-3.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1637","endPage":"1665","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7830e4b0c8380cd78668","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duke, M.B.","contributorId":106630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duke","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silver, L. T.","contributorId":46968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silver","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010487,"text":"70010487 - 1967 - Paleomagnetism: United States-Japan committee on scientific cooperation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:20","indexId":"70010487","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Paleomagnetism: United States-Japan committee on scientific cooperation","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Science","language":"English","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Cox, A., and Kawai, N., 1967, Paleomagnetism: United States-Japan committee on scientific cooperation, in Science, v. 155, no. 3763.","startPage":"724","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"155","issue":"3763","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a742ee4b0c8380cd774c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, A.","contributorId":89266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kawai, N.","contributorId":74509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kawai","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011499,"text":"70011499 - 1967 - The fractionation of nickel between olivine and augite as a geothermometer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T22:05:58.863265","indexId":"70011499","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The fractionation of nickel between olivine and augite as a geothermometer","docAbstract":"The coexisting olivine, clinopyroxene and glass of five samples collected from the Makaopuhi lava lake in Hawaii, at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1160°C were analysed for nickel with an electron probe microanalyser. The results strongly suggest that the distribution of nickel between these three phase pairs well obeys the thermodynamic partition law, and that under favourable conditions, the distribution coefficients permit the estimation of the crystallisation temperature within an accuracy of 10–20°C.
It is concluded that the application of the Makaopuhi data to plutonic and to other volcanic rocks should be carried out with caution because the effect of pressure and the changing composition of the phases upon the numerical values of the distribution coefficients is not known quantitatively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(67)80036-X","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Hakli, T., and Wright, T.L., 1967, The fractionation of nickel between olivine and augite as a geothermometer: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 31, no. 5, p. 877-884, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(67)80036-X.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"884","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac28e4b08c986b3232e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hakli, T.A.","contributorId":87689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hakli","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011555,"text":"70011555 - 1967 - Base surge in recent volcanic eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T21:21:33.153327","indexId":"70011555","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1093,"text":"Bulletin Volcanologique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Base surge in recent volcanic eruptions","docAbstract":"A base surge, first identified at the Bikini thermonuclear undersea explosion, is a ring-shaped basal cloud that sweeps outward as a density flow from the base of a vertical explosion column. Base surges are also common in shallow underground test explosions and are formed by expanding gases which first vent vertically and then with continued expansion rush over the crater lip (represented by a large solitary wave in an underwater explosion), tear ejecta from it, and feed a gas-charged density flow, which is the surge cloud. This horizontally moving cloud commonly has an initial velocity of more than 50 meters per second and can carry clastic material many kilometers.
Base surges are a common feature of many recent shallow, submarine and phreatic volcanic eruptions. They transport ash, mud, lapilli, and blocks with great velocity and commonly sandblast and knock down trees and houses, coat the blast side with mud, and deposit ejecta at distances beyond the limits of throw-out trajectories. Close to the eruption center, the base surge can erode radial channels and deposit material with dune-type bedding.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02597678","issn":"0366483X","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., 1967, Base surge in recent volcanic eruptions: Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 30, no. 1, p. 337-363, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597678.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"363","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efcee4b0c8380cd4a46b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011553,"text":"70011553 - 1967 - Preliminary lead isotope investigations of brine from the Red Sea, Galena from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and galena from United Arab Republic (Egypt)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T21:31:16.250408","indexId":"70011553","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary lead isotope investigations of brine from the Red Sea, Galena from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and galena from United Arab Republic (Egypt)","docAbstract":"The isotopic composition of lead in Red Sea chloride brine containing 0.5 ppm Pb is found to be similar to that of some Cenozoic ore leads such as galena at Rabigh in Saudi Arabia that may have formed during mineralization accompanying Tertiary rifting. Bir Ranga galena in Miocene sediments from United Arab Republic (Egypt) is also isotopically similar to lead in Red Sea brine. The chlorine brine must be considered a possible mineralizing fluid.
Lead isotopes show promise for use in mineral prospect evaluation in that galena from Samrah is isotopically similar to that from Mahd adh Dhahab, which has been the only ore producer in Saudi Arabia since 1945. Drilling at Samrah does indicate a possible economic mineralization.
The lead isotope data coupled with available geologic knowledge and geochronometry are used to tentatively divide the ore prospects of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia into relative categories of mineralization age. Two Mesozoic and Cenozoic mineralizations are distinguished on the basis of a 207Pb/204Pb difference; an early Paleozoic mineralization grouping is outlined; and a late Precambrian mineralization period is suggested.
The U.S. Geological Survey has processed six silicate rocks to provide new reference samples to supplement G-1 and W-1. Complete conventional, rapid rock, and spectrochemical analyses by the U.S. Geological Survey are reported for a granite (replacement for G-1), a granodiorite, an andesite, a peridotite, a dunite, and a basalt. Analyses of variance for nickel, chromium, copper, and zirconium in each rock sample showed that for these elements, the rocks can be considered homogeneous. Spectrochemical estimates are given for the nickel, chromium, copper, and zirconium contents of the samples. The petrography of five of the six rocks is described and CIPW norms are presented.
A paleomagnetic and K-Ar dating study of 44 upper Miocene and Pliocene volcanic units from the western United States suggests that the frequency of reversals of the earth's magnetic field during Pliocene time may have been comparable with that of the last 3.6 m.y. Although the data are too limited to permit the formal naming of any new polarity epochs or events, four polarity transitions have been identified: the W10 R/N boundary at 3.7 ± 0.1m.y., the A12 N/R boundary at 4.9 ± 0.1m.y., the W32 N/R boundary at 9.0 ± 0.2m.y., and the W36 R/N boundary at 10.8 ± 0.3 − 1.0m.y. The loss of absolute resolution of K-Ar dating in older rocks indicates that the use of well defined stratigraphic successions to identify and date polarity transitions will be important in the study of Pliocene and older reversals.
Potassium-argon analyses of P-207 in twenty-four laboratories and rubidium-strontium analyses in ten laboratories indicate that for material of this typo the average interlaboratory precision for KAr ages is 2.6% and for RbSr ages is 3.4%, and the average intralaboratory precision for KAr ages is 1.6% and for RbSr ages is 2.9%.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(67)90081-6","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Lanphere, M.A., and Dalrymple, G.B., 1967, K Ar and Rb Sr measurements on P-207, the U.S.G.S. interlaboratory standard muscovite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 31, no. 6, p. 1091-1094, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(67)90081-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1094","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218968,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4049e4b0c8380cd64c3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanphere, M. A.","contributorId":35298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalrymple, G. B.","contributorId":10407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010483,"text":"70010483 - 1967 - Loss of halogens from crystallized and glassy silicic volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-07T16:04:08.408052","indexId":"70010483","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loss of halogens from crystallized and glassy silicic volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"One hundred and sixty-four F and Cl analyses of silicic welded tuffs and lavas and glass separates are presented. Comparison of the F and Cl contents of crystallized rocks with those of nonhydrated glass and hydrated glassy rocks from the same rock units shows that most of the halogens originally present were lost on crystallization. An average of about half of the F and four-fifths of the Cl originally present was lost. Analyses of hydrated natural glasses and of glassy rocks indicate that in some cases significant amounts of halogens may be removed from or added to hydrated glass through prolonged contact with ground water.
The data show that the original halogen contents of the groundmass of a silicic volcanic rock can be reliably determined only from nonhydrated glass.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(67)80045-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Noble, D.C., Smith, V.C., and Peck, L.C., 1967, Loss of halogens from crystallized and glassy silicic volcanic rocks: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 31, no. 2, p. 215-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(67)80045-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219238,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49dae4b0c8380cd68931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noble, D. C.","contributorId":60627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, V. C.","contributorId":74027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peck, L. C.","contributorId":74871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010565,"text":"70010565 - 1967 - 87Sr/86Sr ratios in some eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks and their bearing on the origin of granitic magma in orogenic belts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T13:12:34.535439","indexId":"70010565","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"87Sr/86Sr ratios in some eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks and their bearing on the origin of granitic magma in orogenic belts","docAbstract":"Rb and Sr contents and87Sr/86Sr values were determined for samples of eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks, mostly graywackes, from Oregon and California. These data are compatible with the theory of anataxis of eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks in orogenic belts to produce granitic magmas provided that the melting occurs within several hundreds of m.y. after sedimentation. The low (87Sr/86Sr)0 values of the eugeosynclinal sedimentary rocks are related to the significant amounts of volcanogenic detritus present which probably were originally derived from the mantle.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es60006a006","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., and Joensuu, O., 1967, Emission spectrographic determination of barium in sea water using a cation exchange concentration procedure: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 1, no. 6, p. 499-502, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60006a006.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"502","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08fee4b0c8380cd51d4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joensuu, Oiva","contributorId":24916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joensuu","given":"Oiva","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010564,"text":"70010564 - 1967 - Precision measurement of lead isotopes ratios: preliminary analyses from the U.S. mine, Bingham Canyon, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T13:18:38.53336","indexId":"70010564","displayToPublicDate":"1967-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precision measurement of lead isotopes ratios: preliminary analyses from the U.S. mine, Bingham Canyon, Utah","docAbstract":"A gas-source mass spectrometer has been constructed for the precise measurement of lead isotope ratios. Sixteen analyses on 4 different preparations of the same galena made over a period of 2 months gave 95% confidence limits (per analysis) of 206Pb/204Pb= 0.080%, 207Pb/206Pb= 0.042%and208Pb/206Pb= 0.046%.
Eight samples from the U.S. mine in the Bingham district have a linear relationship over the 1% range of their206Pb/204Pb ratios. The simplest model fitting these data suggests that the lead was separated from a primary system (μ=8.98) 1630±150m.y. ago and subsequently mixed with a radiogenic lead of similar age; biotite K-Ar dates for altered intrusive rocks associated with the ores provide an apparent age of mineralization and suggest that isotopic evolution of the lead was terminated about 36 m.y. ago.
The lower lava flow of Bed I in Olduvai Gorge, Tanganyika, carries natural remanent magnetization (NRM) having normal polarity. Thermal demagnetization experiments demonstrate the stability of this NRM. Thus the Olduvai geomagnetic polarity event, which was originally named from the upper lava flow in Bed I, is represented in its type locality by two normally magnetized lavas. These lavas have been shown to be 1.9 m.y. old, and although they are distinct from each other in composition and surface structure, their eruptions appear to have been closely spaced in time.
Large talus blocks litter the flat floor of Oceanographer Canyon at a depth of 1460 meters; they indicate down-axis mass transport of floor sediment at an unknown time and rate. From 1460 to 1310 meters the sidewall is covered by unconsolidated sediment lying at 35° to 40° from the horizontal. An outcrop of Pleistocene or younger sediment at 1460 meters is probably a remnant of a former fill.