Sacramento Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus grandis is a potamodromous species endemic to mid- and low-elevation streams and rivers of Central and Northern California. Adults are known to undertake substantial migrations, typically associated with spawning, though few data exist on the extent of these migrations. Six Sacramento Pikeminnow implanted with passive integrated transponder tags in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta were detected in Cottonwood and Mill creeks, tributaries to the Sacramento River in Northern California, between April 2018 and late February 2020. Total travel distances ranged from 354 to 432 km, the maximum of which exceeds the previously known record by at least 30 km. These observations add to a limited body of knowledge regarding the natural history of Sacramento Pikeminnow and highlight the importance of the river–estuary continuum as essential for this migratory species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-20-038","usgsCitation":"Valentine, D.A., Young, M.J., and Feyrer, F.V., 2020, Sacramento pikeminnow migration record: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 11, no. 22, p. 588-592, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-20-038.","productDescription":"5 p","startPage":"588","endPage":"592","ipdsId":"IP-119448","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-20-038","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.76696777343749,\n 38.32226566803644\n ],\n [\n -121.39068603515625,\n 38.32226566803644\n ],\n [\n -121.39068603515625,\n 39.52522954427751\n ],\n [\n -121.76696777343749,\n 39.52522954427751\n ],\n [\n -121.76696777343749,\n 38.32226566803644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Dennis A.","contributorId":258067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valentine","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Matthew J. 0000-0001-9306-6866 mjyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-6866","contributorId":206255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Matthew","email":"mjyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feyrer, Frederick V. 0000-0003-1253-2349 ffeyrer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-2349","contributorId":178379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feyrer","given":"Frederick","email":"ffeyrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70213083,"text":"70213083 - 2020 - SurfRCaT: A tool for remote calibration of pre-existing coastal cameras to enable their use as quantitative coastal monitoring tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T15:11:21.141106","indexId":"70213083","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-07T10:06:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5923,"text":"SoftwareX","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SurfRCaT: A tool for remote calibration of pre-existing coastal cameras to enable their use as quantitative coastal monitoring tools","docAbstract":"The Surf-camera Remote Calibration Tool (SurfRCaT) is a Python-based software application to calibrate and rectify images from pre-existing video cameras that are operating at coastal sites in the United States. The software enables remote camera calibration and subsequent image rectification by facilitating the remote-extraction of ground control points using airborne lidar observations, and guides the user through the entire process. No programming or code interaction are necessary to use the software. Calibration parameters and subsequent rectified image products derived from the software are saved locally. Users can apply SurfRCaT to any camera imagery that has stationary structures within the camera’s field of view. Given current recreational camera infrastructure, SurfRCaT could increase the number of potential quantitative coastal video monitoring stations in the United States by an order of magnitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2020.100584","usgsCitation":"Conlin, M.P., Adams, P.N., Wilkinson, B., Dusek, G., Palmsten, M.L., and Brown, J., 2020, SurfRCaT: A tool for remote calibration of pre-existing coastal cameras to enable their use as quantitative coastal monitoring tools: SoftwareX, v. 12, 100584, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2020.100584.","productDescription":"100584, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119399","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2020.100584","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlin, Matthew P.","contributorId":239947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conlin","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Peter N","contributorId":239950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilkinson, Benjamin","contributorId":239953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dusek, Gregory","contributorId":239954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dusek","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48070,"text":"NOS NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmsten, Margaret L. 0000-0002-6424-2338","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-2338","contributorId":239955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmsten","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Jenna A. 0000-0003-3137-7073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-7073","contributorId":208564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jenna A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70214487,"text":"70214487 - 2020 - Fates and fingerprints of sulfur and carbon following wildfire in economically important croplands of California, U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-28T13:44:58.985652","indexId":"70214487","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-07T08:42:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fates and fingerprints of sulfur and carbon following wildfire in economically important croplands of California, U.S.","docAbstract":"Sulfur (S) is widely used in agriculture, yet little is known about its fates within upland watersheds, particularly in combination with disturbances like wildfire. Our study examined the effects of land use and wildfire on the biogeochemical “fingerprints,” or the quantity and chemical composition, of S and carbon (C). We conducted our research within the Napa River Watershed, California, U.S., where high S applications to vineyards are common, and ~ 20% of the watershed burned in October 2017, introducing a disturbance now common across the warmer, drier Western U.S. We used a laboratory rainfall experiment to compare unburned and low severity burned vineyard and grassland soils. We then sampled streams draining sub-catchments with differing land use and degrees of burn and burn severity to understand combined effects at broader spatial scales. Before the laboratory experiment, vineyard soils had 2–3.5 times more S than grassland soils, while burned soils—regardless of land use—had 1.5–2 times more C than unburned soils. During the laboratory experiment, vineyard soil leachates had 16–20 times more S than grassland leachates, whereas leachate C was more variable across land use and burn soil types. Unburned and burned vineyard soils leached S with δ34S values enriched 6–15‰ relative to grassland soils, likely due to microbial S processes within vineyard soils. Streams draining vineyards also had the fingerprint of agricultural S, with ~2–5 fold higher S concentrations and ~ 10‰ enriched δ34S-SO42− values relative to streams draining non-agricultural areas. However, streams draining a higher fraction of burned non-agricultural areas also had enriched δ34S values relative to unburned non-agricultural areas, which we attribute to loss of 32S during combustion. Our findings illustrate the interacting effects of wildfire and land use on watershed S and C cycling—a new consideration under a changing climate, with significant implications for ecosystem function and human health.
An international project developed, quality-tested, and measured isotope–delta values of 10 new food matrix reference materials (RMs) for hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur stable isotope-ratio measurements to support food authenticity testing and food provenance verification. These new RMs, USGS82 to USGS91, will enable users to normalize measurements of samples to isotope–delta scales. The RMs include (i) two honeys from Canada and tropical Vietnam, (ii) two flours from C3 (rice) and C4 (millet) plants, (iii) four vegetable oils from C3 (olive, peanut) and C4 (corn) plants, and (iv) two collagen powders from marine fish and terrestrial mammal origins. An errors-in-variables regression model included the uncertainty associated with the measured and assigned values of the RMs, and it was applied centrally to normalize results and obtain consensus values and measurement uncertainties. Utilization of these new RMs should facilitate mutual compatibility of stable isotope data if accepted normalization procedures are applied and documented.
Improved understanding of the budget and retention of sediment in river deltas is becoming increasingly important to mitigate and plan for impacts expected with sea level rise. In this study, analyses of historical bathymetric change, sediment core stratigraphy, and modeling are used to evaluate the sediment budget and environmental response of the largest river delta in the U.S. Pacific Northwest to western land-use change beginning in ~1850. An estimated 142±28 M m3 of sediment accumulated offshore of the emergent Skagit River delta in Washington State between 1890 and 2014 and ~68% of which was found in sand deposits. The fraction of sediment retained in sand reservoirs represents 83% of the expected fluvial sand delivery over this time suggesting their potential utility to evaluate the relative contribution of different land uses to sediment runoff through time. A significantly higher ratio of sand retention to delivery during the period 1890–1939 coincided with extensive watershed denudation (clear-cut logging) and channel dredging, relative to the period 1940–2014, which was characterized by improved forest practices and sediment management to protect endangered species but also more extensive river channelization. Retention in the delta foreset of 78% of the sand delivered by the river between 1890 and 1939 was associated with extensive sediment bypassing and delta progradation that is shown to be 5–10x higher than rates over the Holocene. Comparable offshore sand retention over time and higher nearshore retention subsequent to 1940 after normalizing for the assumed reduction in sediment runoff with improved forest practices, suggests that channelization has continued to influence sediment export at a magnitude equivalent to the effects of early logging. Adverse impacts of the bypassing sediment regime to natural hazards risk and ecosystem management concerns are discussed, including the role of the lost sediment as a resource to mitigate subsiding coastal lands vulnerable to flood impacts. The sediment budget and coastal change analyses provide a framework for evaluating opportunities to achieve greater resilience across several sectors of coastal land use important in low-lying deltas worldwide.
Multi-element analyses determine the content of 17 trace elements (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Cd, Cs, Ba, Pb, U) and 14 rare earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Lu, Y) in whey samples from cow and goat milk by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry. A total of 261 milk whey samples were collected from four locations in the Veneto region of northeastern (NE) Italy. These samples contain a wide range concentration of 17 trace elements (0.06–1530 μg kg−1) and 14 rare earth elements (0.16–28.2 ng kg−1) in whey samples, but do not reach toxic concentrations. Elemental fingerprinting of trace and rare earth elements in cow and goat milk whey provide information on the dairy quality and, as they reflect the local environmental conditions, result in an excellent indicator of their geographical origin.
Effective water resource management requires practical, data‐driven determination of instream flow needs. Newly developed, high‐resolution flow models and aquatic species databases provide enormous opportunity, but the volume of data can prove challenging to manage without automated tools. The objective of this study was to develop a framework of analytical methods and best practices to reduce costs of entry into flow–ecology analysis by integrating widely available hydrologic and ecological datasets. Ecological limit functions (ELFs) describing the relation between maximum species richness and stream size characteristics (streamflow or drainage area) were developed. Species richness is expected to increase with streamflow through a watershed up to a point where it either plateaus or transitions to a decreasing trend in larger streams. Our results show that identifying the location of this \"breakpoint\" is critical for producing optimal ELF model fit. We found that richness breakpoints can be estimated using automated low‐supervision methods, with high‐supervision providing negligible improvement in detection accuracy. Model fit (and predictive capability) was found to be superior in smaller hydrologic units. The ELF model (\"elfgen\" R package available on GitHub: https://github.com/HARPgroup/elfgen) can be used to generate ELFs using built‐in datasets for the conterminous United States, or applied anywhere else streamflow and biodiversity data inputs are available.
Emergent wetlands have declined in North America and, in response, many wetland-dependent animals have declined in abundance. For example, many species of secretive marsh birds in North America have declined during the last century. However, estimates of population decline and efforts to assess the effects of management actions are hampered because marsh birds are difficult to detect using conventional survey techniques. Call-broadcast surveys can improve detection probability of marsh birds; however, the effectiveness of call-broadcast varies regionally for some marsh birds, which might reflect differential responsiveness to call dialects. Here, we evaluated differential responses by least bitterns (Ixobrychus exilis) and clapper rails (Rallus crepitans) to different call dialects by using 679 paired call-broadcast surveys in Florida and South Carolina. We detected similar numbers of least bitterns and clapper rails responding to the different call dialects, except in Florida, where least bitterns responded more frequently to a more-distant (Louisiana) dialect than a more-local (Florida) dialect. Our results suggest that, at least for clapper rails and least bitterns, it may not be necessary to incorporate regional call dialects into standardized surveys. However, additional research is needed in more regions of North America and with other species.
Bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) are challenging to detect as a result of the species cryptic behavior and coloration, relatively low densities in complex habitats, and affinity for cold, high clarity, low conductivity waters. Bull trout are also closely associated with the stream bed, frequently conceal in substrate, and this concealment behavior is poorly understood. Consequently, population assessments are problematic and biologists and managers often lack quantitative information to accurately describe bull trout distributions, estimate abundance, and assess status and trends; particularly for stream-dwelling populations. During controlled laboratory trials, we recorded concealment, resting, and swimming behavior of juvenile wild bull trout in response to: (1) constant and fluctuating water temperature, (2) presence or absence of light, and (3) substrate size. Light level had the strongest influence on wild fish concealment and more fish concealed as light levels increased from darkness to daylight. Wild fish were 14.5 times less likely to conceal in constant darkness and 4.1 times more likely to conceal in 12 h light x 12 h darkness compared to constant light. Wild fish were 6.2 times less likely to conceal in small (26–51 mm) substrate compared to larger (52–102 mm) substrate. As water temperature increased, fewer wild fish concealed. Knowledge of wild bull trout concealment will improve field sampling protocols and increase detection efficiencies. These data also enhance knowledge of bull trout niche requirements which illuminates ecological differences among species and informs conservation and restoration efforts.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0237716","usgsCitation":"Russell F. Thurow, Peterson, J., Chandler, G.L., Moffitt, C.M., and Bjornn, T.C., 2020, Concealment of juvenile bull trout in response to temperature, light, and substrate: Implications for detection: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 9, e0237716, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237716.","productDescription":"e0237716, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099310","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237716","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell F. Thurow","contributorId":273112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell F. Thurow","affiliations":[{"id":56194,"text":"fs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandler, Gwynne L.","contributorId":273115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Gwynne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":56194,"text":"fs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M.","contributorId":273113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bjornn, Theodore C.","contributorId":273114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjornn","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70213044,"text":"70213044 - 2020 - A global biophysical typology of mangroves and its relevance for ecosystem structure and deforestation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-08T16:36:39.245341","indexId":"70213044","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-04T11:33:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A global biophysical typology of mangroves and its relevance for ecosystem structure and deforestation","docAbstract":"Mangrove forests provide many ecosystem services but are among the world’s most threatened ecosystems. Mangroves vary substantially according to their geomorphic and sedimentary setting; while several conceptual frameworks describe these settings, their spatial distribution has not been quantified. Here, we present a new global mangrove biophysical typology and show that, based on their 2016 extent, 40.5% (54,972 km2) of mangrove systems were deltaic, 27.5% (37,411 km2) were estuarine and 21.0% (28,493 km2) were open coast, with lagoonal mangroves the least abundant (11.0%, 14,993 km2). Mangroves were also classified based on their sedimentary setting, with carbonate mangroves being less abundant than terrigenous, representing just 9.6% of global coverage. Our typology provides a basis for future research to incorporate geomorphic and sedimentary setting in analyses. We present two examples of such applications. Firstly, based on change in extent between 1996 and 2016, we show while all types exhibited considerable declines in area, losses of lagoonal mangroves (− 6.9%) were nearly twice that of other types. Secondly, we quantify differences in aboveground biomass between mangroves of different types, with it being significantly lower in lagoonal mangroves. Overall, our biophysical typology provides a baseline for assessing restoration potential and for quantifying mangrove ecosystem service provision.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-020-71194-5","usgsCitation":"Worthington, T.A., zu Ermgassen, P., Friess, D., Krauss, K., Lovelock, C.E., Tingey, R., Woodroffe, C., Bunting, P., Cormier, N., Lagomasino, D., Lucas, R., Murray, N.J., Sutherland, W.J., and Spalding, M., 2020, A global biophysical typology of mangroves and its relevance for ecosystem structure and deforestation: Scientific Reports, v. 10, 14652, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71194-5.","productDescription":"14652, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110896","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71194-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Thorley, Julia","contributorId":239898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorley","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48036,"text":"Independent GIS Consultant, Penzance, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798063,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6}],"authors":[{"text":"Worthington, Thomas A.","contributorId":140662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worthington","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"zu Ermgassen, Philine","contributorId":239892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"zu Ermgassen","given":"Philine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48031,"text":"School of Geosciences, Grant Institute, Kings Buildings, University of Edinburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friess, Daniel A.","contributorId":35454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friess","given":"Daniel A.","affiliations":[{"id":25407,"text":"Department of Geography, National University of Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":219804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lovelock, Catherine E.","contributorId":215562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovelock","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":39280,"text":"School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tingey, Rick","contributorId":239893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tingey","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48032,"text":"Spatial Support Systems, LLC, Cottonwood Heights, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Woodroffe, Colin D.","contributorId":239894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodroffe","given":"Colin D.","affiliations":[{"id":48033,"text":"School of Earth Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bunting, Pete","contributorId":239895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunting","given":"Pete","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48034,"text":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Wales, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cormier, N. 0000-0003-2453-9900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-9900","contributorId":221147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cormier","given":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":16788,"text":"Macquarie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lagomasino, David","contributorId":239896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lagomasino","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48035,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lucas, Richard","contributorId":218327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39803,"text":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Murray, Nicholas J.","contributorId":239897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36458,"text":"College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sutherland, William J.","contributorId":204319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutherland","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36918,"text":"Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Spalding, Mark","contributorId":190658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spalding","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70214121,"text":"70214121 - 2020 - Utilization of multiple microbial tools to evaluate efficacy of restoration strategies to improve recreational water quality at a Lake Michigan Beach (Racine, WI)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T14:53:05.4625","indexId":"70214121","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-04T09:51:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilization of multiple microbial tools to evaluate efficacy of restoration strategies to improve recreational water quality at a Lake Michigan Beach (Racine, WI)","docAbstract":"Hydro-meteorological conditions facilitate transport of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) to the nearshore environment, affecting recreational water quality. North Beach (Racine, Wisconsin, United States), is an exemplar public beach site along Lake Michigan, where precipitation-mediated surface runoff, wave encroachment, stormwater and tributary outflow were demonstrated to contribute to beach advisories. Multiple restoration actions, including installation of a stormwater retention wetland, were successfully deployed to improve recreational water quality. Implementation of molecular methods (e.g. human microbial source tracking markers and Escherichia coli (E. coli) qPCR) assisted in identifying potential pollution sources and improving public health response time. However, periodic water quality failures still occur. As local beach managers reassess restoration measures in response to climatic changes, use of expanded microbial methods (including bacterial community profiling) may contribute to a better understanding of these dynamic environments. In this 2-year study (2015 and 2019), nearshore/offshore Lake Michigan, stormwater, and tributary samples were collected to determine if, 1) the constructed wetland (~50 m from the shoreline) continued to provide stormwater separation/retention and 2) mixing between onshore sources, Root River and Lake Michigan, was increasing due to rising precipitation/lake levels. Monthly rainfall totals were 1.5× higher in 2019 than 2015, coinciding with a 0.63 m lake-level rise. The prevalence of more intense, onshore winds also increased, facilitating interaction between potential reservoirs of FIB with nearshore water through wind driven waves and lake intrusion, e.g. beach sands and the adjacent Root River. While a strong relationship existed between wet weather wetland and North Beach nearshore E. coli concentrations (all sites), bacterial communities were strikingly different. Conversely, bacterial community overlap existed between the Root River mouth and nearshore/offshore sites. These results suggest the constructed wetland can accommodate the climate-related changes observed in this study. Future restoration activities could be directed towards upstream tributary sources in order to minimize microbial contaminants entering Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106049","usgsCitation":"Kinzelman, J., Byappanahalli, M., Nevers, M., Shively, D., Kurdas, S., and Nakatsu, C.H., 2020, Utilization of multiple microbial tools to evaluate efficacy of restoration strategies to improve recreational water quality at a Lake Michigan Beach (Racine, WI): Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 178, 106049, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106049.","productDescription":"106049, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118690","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Racine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.83397674560547,\n 42.70312746128158\n ],\n [\n -87.76840209960938,\n 42.70312746128158\n ],\n [\n -87.76840209960938,\n 42.74524729560673\n ],\n [\n -87.83397674560547,\n 42.74524729560673\n ],\n [\n -87.83397674560547,\n 42.70312746128158\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"178","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzelman, Julie","contributorId":207713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinzelman","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":37612,"text":"City of Racine Health Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara 0000-0001-5376-597X byappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-597X","contributorId":147923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara","email":"byappan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nevers, Meredith B. 0000-0001-6963-6734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-6734","contributorId":201531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"Meredith B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shively, Dawn 0000-0002-6119-924X dshively@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-924X","contributorId":201533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"Dawn","email":"dshively@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurdas, Stephan","contributorId":241089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurdas","given":"Stephan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48200,"text":"City of Racine, Public Health Department Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nakatsu, Cindy H 0000-0003-0663-180X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-180X","contributorId":215593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakatsu","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70261935,"text":"70261935 - 2020 - Effect of fluvial discharges and remote non-tidal residuals on compound flood forecasting in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-06T15:08:00.207928","indexId":"70261935","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of fluvial discharges and remote non-tidal residuals on compound flood forecasting in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Accurate and timely flood forecasts are critical for making emergency-response decisions regarding public safety, infrastructure operations, and resource allocation. One of the main challenges for coastal flood forecasting systems is a lack of reliable forecast data of large-scale oceanic and watershed processes and the combined effects of multiple hazards, such as compound flooding at river mouths. Offshore water level anomalies, known as remote Non-Tidal Residuals (NTRs), are caused by processes such as downwelling, offshore wind setup, and also driven by ocean-basin salinity and temperature changes, common along the west coast during El Niño events. Similarly, fluvial discharges can contribute to extreme water levels in the coastal area, while they are dominated by large-scale watershed hydraulics. However, with the recent emergence of reliable large-scale forecast systems, coastal models now import the essential input data to forecast extreme water levels in the nearshore. Accordingly, we have developed Hydro-CoSMoS, a new coastal forecast model based on the USGS Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) powered by the Delft3D San Francisco Bay and Delta community model. In this work, we studied the role of fluvial discharges and remote NTRs on extreme water levels during a February 2019 storm by using Hydro-CoSMoS in hindcast mode. We simulated the storm with and without real-time fluvial discharge data to study their effect on coastal water levels and flooding extent, and highlight the importance of watershed forecast systems such as NOAA’s National Water Model (NWM). We also studied the effect of remote NTRs on coastal water levels in San Francisco Bay during the 2019 February storm by utilizing the data from a global ocean model (HYCOM). Our results showed that accurate forecasts of remote NTRs and fluvial discharges can play a significant role in predicting extreme water levels in San Francisco Bay. This pilot application in San Francisco Bay can serve as a basis for integrated coastal flood modeling systems in complex coastal settings worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w12092481","usgsCitation":"Tehranirad, B., Herdman, L.M., Nederhoff, K., Erikson, L.H., Cifelli, R., Pratt, G., Leon, M., and Barnard, P.L., 2020, Effect of fluvial discharges and remote non-tidal residuals on compound flood forecasting in San Francisco Bay: Water, v. 12, no. 9, 2481, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092481.","productDescription":"2481, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120224","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092481","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.88353317906419,\n 38.09730105803703\n ],\n [\n -122.88353317906419,\n 37.39198937844094\n ],\n [\n -121.86759792175883,\n 37.39198937844094\n ],\n [\n -121.86759792175883,\n 38.09730105803703\n ],\n [\n -122.88353317906419,\n 38.09730105803703\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tehranirad, Babak 0000-0002-1634-9165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-9165","contributorId":299107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tehranirad","given":"Babak","affiliations":[{"id":64774,"text":"contracted to USGS PCMSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herdman, Liv M. 0000-0002-5444-6441 lherdman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5444-6441","contributorId":149964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herdman","given":"Liv","email":"lherdman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nederhoff, Kees 0000-0003-0552-3428","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-3428","contributorId":334091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nederhoff","given":"Kees","affiliations":[{"id":39963,"text":"Deltares-USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":922344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":149963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cifelli, Rob","contributorId":211532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cifelli","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38261,"text":"NOAA/ESRL/Physical Sciences Division","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pratt, Greg","contributorId":268885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55709,"text":"NOAA Global Systems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leon, Michael","contributorId":347739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leon","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":140982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70212975,"text":"cir1468 - 2020 - 2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70203709,"text":"cir1455 - 2019 - 2019 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Land remote sensing satellite compendium","indexId":"cir1455","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"2019 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Land Remote Sensing Satellite Compendium","title":"2019 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Land remote sensing satellite compendium"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70212975,"text":"cir1468 - 2020 - 2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium","indexId":"cir1468","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70212975,"text":"cir1468 - 2020 - 2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium","indexId":"cir1468","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote Sensing Satellite Compendium","title":"2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70237176,"text":"cir1500 - 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In recent years, the JACIE group has observed ever-increasing numbers of remote sensing satellites being launched. This rapidly growing wave of new systems creates a need for a single reference for land remote sensing satellites that provides basic system specifications and linkage to any JACIE assessment that may have been completed on existing systems. This volume has been assembled by the Requirements, Capabilities, and Analysis for Earth Observation Project under the U.S. Geological Survey National Land Imaging Program as a contribution to the JACIE community. This is the second edition of the JACIE compendium, which is planned to be updated and released annually.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1468","isbn":"978-1-4113-4375-7","collaboration":"In collaboration with Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation","usgsCitation":"Ramaseri Chandra, S.N., Christopherson, J.B., and Casey, K.A., 2020, 2020 Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation—Remote sensing satellite compendium (ver. 1.1, October 2020): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1468, 253 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1468. [Supersedes USGS Circular 1455.]","productDescription":"xiii, 253 p.","numberOfPages":"272","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118140","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379042,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1468/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":379043,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1468/cir1468.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1468"},{"id":379044,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1468/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1.69 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Circular 1468 Version History"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: September 2020; Version 1.1: October 2020","contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS)
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Light attraction impacts nocturnally active fledgling seabirds worldwide and is a particularly acute problem on Kaua‘i (the northern-most island in the main Hawaiian Island archipelago) for the Critically Endangered Newell’s shearwater Puffinus newelli. The Save Our Shearwaters (SOS) program was created in 1979 to address this issue and to date has recovered and released to sea more than 30500 fledglings. Although the value of the program for animal welfare is clear, as birds cannot simply be left to die, no evaluation exists to inform post-release survival. We used satellite transmitters to track 38 fledglings released by SOS and compared their survival rates (assessed by tag transmission duration) to those of 12 chicks that fledged naturally from the mountains of Kaua‘i. Wild fledglings transmitted longer than SOS birds, and SOS birds with longer rehabilitation periods transmitted for a shorter duration than birds released immediately or rehabilitated for only 1 d. Although transmitter durations from grounded fledglings were shorter (indicating impacts to survivorship), some SOS birds did survive and dispersed out to sea. All surviving birds (wild and SOS) traveled more than 2000 km to the southwest of Kaua‘i, where they concentrated mostly in the North Pacific Equatorial Countercurrent Province, revealing a large-scale annual post-breeding aggregation zone for fledgling Newell’s shearwaters. While there was reduced survival among birds undergoing rehabilitation, SOS remains an important contribution toward the conservation of Newell’s shearwater because a proportion of released birds do indeed survive. However, light attraction, the root cause of fallout, remains a serious unresolved issue on Kaua’i.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr01051","usgsCitation":"Raine, A.F., Anderson, T., Vynne, M., Driskill, S., Raine, H., and Adams, J., 2020, Post-release survival of fallout Newell’s Shearwater fledglings from a rescue and rehabilitation program on Kauai, Hawaii: Endangered Species Research, v. 43, p. 39-50, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01051.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"50","ipdsId":"IP-113985","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01051","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kaua'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.42535400390625,\n 21.85894964541746\n ],\n [\n -159.312744140625,\n 21.98889508056919\n ],\n [\n -159.29351806640625,\n 22.177231792821342\n ],\n [\n -159.4061279296875,\n 22.245886579877187\n ],\n [\n -159.58740234375,\n 22.24080219246335\n ],\n [\n -159.74395751953125,\n 22.1543394041216\n ],\n [\n -159.80987548828125,\n 22.01945321869661\n ],\n [\n -159.73846435546872,\n 21.94559311863436\n ],\n [\n -159.61212158203125,\n 21.88443848692486\n ],\n [\n -159.42535400390625,\n 21.85894964541746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raine, Andre F.","contributorId":216439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raine","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":39425,"text":"Kaua`i Endangered Seabird Recovery Project, Hanapepe, Kaua`i, Hawai’i, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Tracy","contributorId":240846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Tracy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48148,"text":"Save Our Shearwaters, Humane Society, 3-825 Kaumualii Hwy, Lihue, Hawai‘i, USA 96766","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vynne, Megan","contributorId":240847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vynne","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48151,"text":"Kauaʻi Endangered Seabird Recovery Project (KESRP), Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (PCSU), University of Hawai‘i and Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State of Hawai‘i Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawai‘i, USA 96741","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Driskill, Scott","contributorId":240848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driskill","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48151,"text":"Kauaʻi Endangered Seabird Recovery Project (KESRP), Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (PCSU), University of Hawai‘i and Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State of Hawai‘i Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawai‘i, USA 96741","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raine, Helen","contributorId":240849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raine","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Josh 0000-0003-3056-925X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-925X","contributorId":213442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70214308,"text":"70214308 - 2020 - Wetland and hydric soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T14:44:59.202174","indexId":"70214308","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-03T09:39:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"Wetland and hydric soils","docAbstract":"Soil and the inherent biogeochemical processes in wetlands contrast starkly with those in upland forests and rangelands. The differences stem from extended periods of anoxia, or the lack of oxygen in the soil, that characterize wetland soils; in contrast, upland soils are nearly always oxic. As a result, wetland soil biogeochemistry is characterized by anaerobic processes, and wetland vegetation exhibits specific adaptations to grow under these conditions. However, many wetlands may also have periods during the year where the soils are unsaturated and aerated. This fluctuation between aerated and nonaerated soil conditions, along with the specialized vegetation, gives rise to a wide variety of highly valued ecosystem services.
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2020 - Detection and measurement of land subsidence and uplift using Global Positioning System surveys and interferometric synthetic aperture radar, Coachella Valley, California, 2010–17","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T12:33:02.543434","indexId":"sir20205093","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-03T09:24:30","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5093","displayTitle":"Detection and Measurement of Land Subsidence and Uplift Using Global Positioning System Surveys and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, Coachella Valley, California, 2010–17","title":"Detection and measurement of land subsidence and uplift using Global Positioning System surveys and interferometric synthetic aperture radar, Coachella Valley, California, 2010–17","docAbstract":"Groundwater has been a major source of agricultural, recreational, municipal, and domestic supply in the Coachella Valley of California since the early 1920s. Pumping of groundwater resulted in groundwater-level declines as large as 50 feet (ft) or 15 meters (m) by the late 1940s. Because of concerns that the declines could cause land subsidence, the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have cooperatively investigated subsidence in the Coachella Valley since 1996.
Importation of Colorado River water to the southern Coachella Valley began in 1949, resulting in a reduction in groundwater pumping and a recovery of groundwater levels during the 1950s through the 1970s. Since the late 1970s, the demand for water in the valley increased to the point that groundwater levels again declined in response to increased pumping and, consequently, increased the potential for land subsidence caused by aquifer-system compaction. Several management actions to increase recharge or to reduce reliance on groundwater have been implemented since as early as 1973 to address overdraft in the Coachella Valley. The implementation of three particular projects has markedly improved groundwater conditions in some of the historically most overdrafted areas of the valley: (1) groundwater substitution with surface-water imports since 2006 using Colorado River water through the Mid-Valley Pipeline project, which was expanded through 2017; (2) budget-based, tiered rates since 2009; and (3) managed aquifer recharge at the Thomas E. Levy Groundwater Replenishment Facility since 2009.
Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods were used to determine the location, extent, and magnitude of the vertical land-surface changes in the Coachella Valley during 2010–17, updating 1993–2010 information presented in previous USGS reports. The GPS measurements taken at 24 geodetic monuments in August 2010 and September 2015 indicated that the land-surface elevation was stable at 17 monuments but changed at seven monuments during the 5-year period. Subsidence ranged from 0.17 to 0.43 ±0.09 ft (52 to 132 ±28 millimeters, or mm) at three monuments, and uplift ranged from 0.11 to 0.18 ±0.09 ft (33 to 54 ±28 mm) at four monuments between 2010 and 2015. At two of the monuments that subsided, the subsidence rates decreased between 2010 and 2015 from those computed between 2005 and 2010. Data prior to 2010 were not available for the third monument that subsided; thus, the 2010–15 subsidence rate could not be compared to an earlier period. At three of the monuments that uplifted between 2010 and 2015, data collected in 2005 and 2010 indicated stability. Data prior to 2010 were not available for the fourth monument that uplifted; thus, the 2010–15 uplift rate could not be compared to an earlier period.
InSAR analyses for December 28, 2014–June 27, 2017, indicated that the land surface uplifted as much as about 0.20 ft (60 mm) near the Whitewater River Groundwater Replenishment Facility in the northern Coachella Valley and subsided as much as about 0.26 ft (80 mm) in the La Quinta area and less in Palm Desert, Indian Wells, and other localized areas in the southern Coachella Valley. These areas were identified as subsidence areas in previous reports covering periods during 1993–2010. The comparison of 2014–17 subsidence rates with those derived for 1995–2010 generally indicated a substantial slowing of subsidence, however. Analyses of deformation in the northern Coachella Valley were not included in the previous reports, so a comparison to deformation during the earlier period could not be made.
Water levels in wells near the subsiding geodetic monuments, in and near the three subsiding areas shown by InSAR, and throughout the valley generally indicated seasonal fluctuations and longer-term stability or rising groundwater levels since about 2010. These results mark a reversal in trends of groundwater-level declines during the preceding decades. This trend reversal provides new insights into aquifer-system mechanics. Although many areas have stopped subsiding, and a few have even uplifted, the few areas that did subside during 2010–17—albeit at a slower rate—indicate a mixed aquifer-system response. Subsidence when groundwater levels are stable or recovering indicates that residual compaction may have occurred. At the same time, coarse-grained materials and thin aquitards may have expanded as groundwater levels recovered. The continued valley-wide stabilization and recovery of groundwater levels since 2010 likely is a result of various projects designed to increase recharge or to reduce reliance on groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205093","collaboration":"Water Availability and Use Science ProgramDirector, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the substantial public health, economic, and societal consequences of virus spillover from a wildlife reservoir. Widespread human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also presents a new set of challenges when considering viral spillover from people to naïve wildlife and other animal populations. The establishment of new wildlife reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 would further complicate public health control measures and could lead to wildlife health and conservation impacts. Given the likely bat origin of SARS-CoV-2 and related beta-coronaviruses (β-CoVs), free-ranging bats are a key group of concern for spillover from humans back to wildlife. Here, we review the diversity and natural host range of β-CoVs in bats and examine the risk of humans inadvertently infecting free-ranging bats with SARS-CoV-2. Our review of the global distribution and host range of β-CoV evolutionary lineages suggests that 40+ species of temperate-zone North American bats could be immunologically naïve and susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2. We highlight an urgent need to proactively connect the wellbeing of human and wildlife health during the current pandemic and to implement new tools to continue wildlife research while avoiding potentially severe health and conservation impacts of SARS-CoV-2 \"spilling back\" into free-ranging bat populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","doi":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1008758","usgsCitation":"Olival, K.J., Cryan, P.M., Amman, B.R., Baric, R.S., Blehert, D.S., Brook, C.E., Calisher, C.H., Castle, K.T., Coleman, J.T., Daszak, P., Epstein, J.H., Field, H., Frick, W.F., Gilbert, A.T., Hayman, D.T., Ip, S., Karesh, W.B., Johnson, C., Kading, R.C., Kingston, T., Lorch, J.M., Mendenhall, I.H., Peel, A.J., Phelps, K.L., Plowright, R.K., Reeder, D.M., Reichard, J., Sleeman, J.M., Streicker, D.G., Towner, J.S., and Wang, L., 2020, Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: A case study of bats: PLoS Pathogens, v. 9, no. 16, e1008758, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008758.","productDescription":"e1008758, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118440","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455426,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008758","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9U461PJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release: Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: a case study of bats"},{"id":378304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olival, Kevin J.","contributorId":143712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olival","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7118,"text":"EcoHealth Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":147942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amman, Brian R.","contributorId":148015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16974,"text":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baric, Ralph S. 0000-0002-4726-2361","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-2361","contributorId":225370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baric","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":140397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brook, Cara E. 0000-0003-4276-073X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-073X","contributorId":225371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brook","given":"Cara","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Calisher, Charles H. 0000-0003-0213-294X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-294X","contributorId":225372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calisher","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Castle, Kevin T. 0000-0003-0583-2853","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-2853","contributorId":225373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castle","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":41089,"text":"Wildlife Veterinary Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Coleman, Jeremy T. 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Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Phelps, Kendra L. 0000-0002-3120-4802","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-4802","contributorId":225381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phelps","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7118,"text":"EcoHealth Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Plowright, Raina K.","contributorId":198310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plowright","given":"Raina","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Reeder, DeeAnn 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Lin-Fa","contributorId":198229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Lin-Fa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31}]}} ,{"id":70215741,"text":"70215741 - 2020 - Effects of a temperature rise on melatonin and thyroid hormones during smoltification of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T12:21:52.940895","indexId":"70215741","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-03T07:13:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2226,"text":"Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of a temperature rise on melatonin and thyroid hormones during smoltification of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar","docAbstract":"Smoltification prepares juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for downstream migration. Dramatic changes characterize this crucial event in the salmon’s life cycle, including increased gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity (NKA) and plasma hormone levels. The triggering of smoltification relies on photoperiod and is modulated by temperature. Both provide reliable information, to which fish have adapted for thousands of years, that allows deciphering daily and calendar time. Here we studied the impact of different photoperiod (natural, sustained winter solstice) and temperature (natural, ~ + 4° C) combinations, on gill NKA, plasma free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and melatonin (MEL; the time-keeping hormone), throughout smoltification. We also studied the impact of temperature history on pineal gland MEL production in vitro. The spring increase in gill NKA was less pronounced in smolts kept under sustained winter photoperiod and/or elevated temperature. Plasma thyroid hormone levels displayed day–night variations, which were affected by elevated temperature, either independently from photoperiod (decrease in T3 levels) or under natural photoperiod exclusively (increase in T4 nocturnal levels). Nocturnal MEL secretion was potentiated by the elevated temperature, which also altered the MEL profile under sustained winter photoperiod. Temperature also affected pineal MEL production in vitro, a response that depended on previous environmental acclimation of the organ. The results support the view that the salmon pineal is a photoperiod and temperature sensor, highlight the complexity of the interaction of these environmental factors on the endocrine system of S. salar, and indicate that climate change might compromise salmon’s time “deciphering” during smoltification, downstream migration and seawater residence.
Flooding, excessive sedimentation, and high bacteria counts are among the most challenging water resource issues affecting the Upper Roanoke River watershed. These issues threaten public safety, impair the watershed’s living resources, and threaten drinking water supplies, though mitigation is costly and difficult to manage.
Urban development, land disturbance, and changing climatic patterns continue to challenge watershed managers who are tasked with protecting and improving the water quality of the Upper Roanoke River watershed. The U.S. Geological Survey helps watershed managers meet these demands by providing high-quality data and analyses designed to inform watershed restoration activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20203040","usgsCitation":"Webber, J., and Jastram, J., 2020, Science to support water-resource management in the upper Roanoke River watershed: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2020-3040, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203040.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-117852","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3040/coverthb.gif"},{"id":378118,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3040/fs20203040.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.78 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2020-3040"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Upper Roanoke River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.88409423828125,\n 36.97622678464096\n ],\n [\n -79.62890625,\n 36.96525497589677\n ],\n [\n -79.61517333984375,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -80.39245605468749,\n 37.461778479617486\n ],\n [\n -80.88409423828125,\n 36.97622678464096\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
This report describes and defines GeMS (for Geologic Map Schema), a new standardized database schema—that is, a database design—for the digital publication of geologic maps. It originally was intended for geologic mapping funded by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, but its use can be extended to other programs and agencies as well. It is intended to bridge the gap between traditional geologic mapping and GIS communities at an operational level.
GeMS provides for the encoding in digital form of the content contained in individual geologic maps published by the U.S. Geological Survey and by state geological surveys. The design is focused on the publication, transfer, and archiving of map data and less on the creation of map data, the visual representation of map data, or the compilation of data from many different map sources.
Although GeMS is designed for a single-map database, it also is intended to provide a stepping stone toward the development of multiple-map databases, in particular the National Geologic Map Database. The database design contained herein will significantly promote that goal. All questions or comments about GeMS should be directed via email to gems@usgs.gov.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11B10","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, 2020, GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)—A standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11, chap. B10, 74 p., https://doi.org//10.3133/tm11B10.","productDescription":"vi, 74 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090965","costCenters":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b10/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378123,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b10/tm11b10.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 11B10"}],"contact":"Please email gems@usgs.gov or
The National Geologic Map Database
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mail Stop 908
Reston, VA 20192
Successful river restoration requires understanding and integration of multiple disciplinary perspectives, including evaluations of past and ongoing watershed processes, local geomorphic response, and impacts unique to human activity. Nowhere is this more apparent than along the Merced River in Yosemite National Park, USA, where both an outstanding natural landscape and the consequences of over a century of human disturbances continue to interact. An intact upstream watershed highlights the importance here of local impacts on geomorphic response. Incision and the resulting decoupling of the channel from its adjacent late-Holocene floodplain are consequences of reduced channel roughness, likely from de-snagging the river, and instream gravel mining in the 19th and early 20th century. Riparian-zone disturbance by visitor use has damaged riparian vegetation and soils, inducing channel widening. Revetments and channel-spanning bridges, the latter being visible and oft-cited impacts to fluvial processes, have distorted the natural evolution of meanders and induced local channel narrowing. The historical rate of sediment export from Yosemite Valley has greatly exceeded replenishment from upstream and lateral sources, creating a deficit that now inhibits recovery via passive restoration of more natural channel form and function. Climate change may amplify now-diminished fluvial processes but also exacerbate the rate of sediment export. These conditions, reflecting a complex intersection of geologic history, modern geomorphic processes, and human interactions, demonstrate how a limited influx of sediment coupled with intensive human use can have long-term consequences for riverine conditions, restoration opportunities, and social engagement with the riverine landscape.
Operational earthquake forecasts (OEFs) are represented as time‐dependent probabilities of future earthquake hazard and risk. These probabilities can be presented in a variety of formats, including tables, maps, and text‐based scenarios. In countries such as Aotearoa New Zealand, the U.S., and Japan, OEFs have been released by scientific organizations to agencies and the public, with the intent of providing information about future earthquake hazard and risk, so that people can use this information to inform their decisions and activities. Despite questions being raised about the utility of OEF for decision‐making, past earthquake events have shown that agencies and the public have indeed made use of such forecasts. Responses have included making decisions about safe access into buildings, cordoning, demolition safety, timing of infrastructure repair and rebuild, insurance, postearthquake building standards, postevent land‐use planning, and public communication about aftershocks. To add to this body of knowledge, we undertook a survey to investigate how agencies and GNS Science staff used OEFs that were communicated following the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikōura earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand. We found that agencies utilized OEFs in many of the ways listed previously, and we document individual employee’s actions taken in their home‐life context. Challenges remain, however, regarding the interpretation of probabilistic information and applying this to practical decision‐making. We suggest that science agencies cannot expect nontechnical users to understand and utilize forecasts without additional support. This might include developing a diversity of audience‐relevant OEF information for communication purposes, alongside advice on how such information could be utilized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220190354","usgsCitation":"Becker, J., Potter, S., McBride, S., Hudson-Doyle, E.E., Gerstenberger, M., and Christopherson, A., 2020, Forecasting for a fractured land: A case study of the communication and use of aftershock forecasts from the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikōura earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand: Seismological Research Letters, v. 91, no. 6, p. 3343-3357, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190354.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3343","endPage":"3357","ipdsId":"IP-118991","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"northern part of South Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 172.0458984375,\n -43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n 174.61669921875,\n -43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n 174.61669921875,\n -40.413496049701955\n ],\n [\n 172.0458984375,\n -40.413496049701955\n ],\n [\n 172.0458984375,\n -43.43696596521823\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, Julia S.","contributorId":217541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Julia S.","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Potter, Sally H.","contributorId":217521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"Sally H.","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McBride, Sara K. 0000-0002-8062-6542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-6542","contributorId":206933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Sara K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudson-Doyle, Emma E. 0000-0002-2878-0972","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-0972","contributorId":240959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson-Doyle","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13571,"text":"Massey University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gerstenberger, Matthew","contributorId":217542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerstenberger","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christopherson, Anne-Marie 0000-0003-1467-1414","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-1414","contributorId":240961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christopherson","given":"Anne-Marie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70212993,"text":"70212993 - 2020 - Mass mortality in freshwater mussels (Actinonaias pectorosa) in the Clinch River, USA, linked to a novel densovirus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-08T13:39:13.327559","indexId":"70212993","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-02T06:55:35","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mass mortality in freshwater mussels (Actinonaias pectorosa) in the Clinch River, USA, linked to a novel densovirus","title":"Mass mortality in freshwater mussels (Actinonaias pectorosa) in the Clinch River, USA, linked to a novel densovirus","docAbstract":"Freshwater mussels (order Unionida) are among the world’s most biodiverse but imperiled taxa. Recent unionid mass mortality events around the world threaten ecosystem services such as water filtration, nutrient cycling, habitat stabilization, and food web enhancement, but causes have remained elusive. To examine potential infectious causes of these declines, we studied mussels in Clinch River, Virginia and Tennessee, USA, where the endemic and once-predominant pheasantshell (Actinonaias pectorosa) has suffered precipitous declines since approximately 2016. Using metagenomics, we identified 17 novel viruses in Clinch River pheasantshells. However, only one virus, a novel densovirus (Parvoviridae; Densovirinae), was epidemiologically linked to morbidity. Clinch densovirus 1 was 11.2 times more likely to be found in cases (moribund mussels) than controls (apparently healthy mussels from the same or matched sites), and cases had 2.7 (log10) times higher viral loads than controls. Densoviruses cause lethal epidemic disease in invertebrates, including shrimp, cockroaches, crickets, moths, crayfish, and sea stars. Viral infection warrants consideration as a factor in unionid mass mortality events either as a direct cause, an indirect consequence of physiological compromise, or a factor interacting with other biological and ecological stressors to precipitate mortality.