The chemical composition, both major and minor constituents, of 60 samples of phosphorite from the Phosphoria Formation was determined. Major constituents of the average phosphorite are, by weight per cent: SiO2, 11·9; Al2O3, 1·7; Fe2O3,1·1; MgO, 0·3; CaO, 44·0; Na2O, 0·6; K2O, 0·5; total H2O, 2·2; H2O−, 0·6; TiO2, 0·1; P2O5, 30·5; CO2, 2·2; SO3, 1·8; F, 3·1; organic matter, 2·1; and oil, 0·2. Uranium averages 0·009 per cent.
The phosphate mineral is basically apatite, Ca5(PO4)3F, with small but significant and variable substitutions—Na, Sr, U and Th for Ca, and CO3 and SO4 for PO4.
Rare metals not associated with apatite are associated principally with the organic-matter component of the rocks. This group includes As, Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Sb, Se, V and Zn. Chromium is the most abundant, having a modal abundance of 0·1 per cent and a maximum concentration of 0·3 per cent.
The average phosphorite is composed of approximately 80 per cent apatite, 10 per cent quartz, 5 per cent muscovite-illite, 2 per cent organic matter, 1 per cent dolomite—calcite, 1 per cent iron oxide, and 1 per cent other components. It is texturally a medium-grained pellet phosphorite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(66)90131-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Gulbrandsen, R.A., 1966, Chemical composition of phosphorites of the Phosphoria Formation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 30, no. 8, p. 769-778, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(66)90131-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"769","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f566e4b0c8380cd4c1e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gulbrandsen, R. A.","contributorId":48543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulbrandsen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2000003,"text":"2000003 - 1966 - The relation between molecular structure and biological activity among mononitrophenols containing halogens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2000003","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"11","title":"The relation between molecular structure and biological activity among mononitrophenols containing halogens","docAbstract":"The results of tests of the biological activity of certain nitrophenols containing halogen are reported. Some of these are shown to be significantly more toxic to larvae of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus L.) than to fishes. It is proposed that the death of lamprey larvae exposed to these compounds results from an acute hypotension (shock) with concomitant circulatory and respiratory failure. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), on the other hand, appear to die, at higher concentrations of the toxin, due to a chemically-caused mechanical interference with respiration through the gills. A systematic series of studies of mononitrophenols containing halogens disclosed that those phenols having the nitro group in the para-position and a halogen atom or group in the meta-position are generally more toxic to lampreys than to fish. The halogens or halogen groups used in this study were fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and trifluormethyl. The same substituents in other positions only occasionally gave rise to selectively toxic compounds. The relationship between the selectively active class of nitrophenols containing halogens and other related structures is discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Applegate, V.C., Johnson, B.G., and Smith, M.A., 1966, The relation between molecular structure and biological activity among mononitrophenols containing halogens: Technical Report 11, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":92063,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/TechReports/Tr11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640f52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applegate, Vernon C.","contributorId":39317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, B. G. H.","contributorId":48511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"G. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Manning A.","contributorId":77090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Manning","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035198,"text":"70035198 - 1966 - The 1963–65 eruption of Irazú volcano, Costa Rica (the period of March 1963 to October 1964)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T14:15:08","indexId":"70035198","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1093,"text":"Bulletin Volcanologique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1963–65 eruption of Irazú volcano, Costa Rica (the period of March 1963 to October 1964)","docAbstract":"The 1963–65 eruption of Irazú, like all others of this volcano during the historic period, produced only ash and other fragmental ejecta without lava. The initial outbreak on March 13, 1963 started with a series of great explosions that hurled out much ash, blocks, and bombs, but the activity soon settled down to alternating periods of explosive cruptions and quiet emission of steam.
\nAsh was deposited mostly along a zone that extended westward from the summit to and beyond the city of San Jose, 24 km away. The prolonged ashfall severely damaged dairy, vegetable, and coffee farms, and for a while made daily life in the affected cities extremely difficult. Accelerated runoff of rainwater from the ash-covered slopes of the volcano caused destructive floods, mudflows, and landslides.
\nThe climax of the cruption probably occurred during December 1963 and January 1964, when ash and incandescent scoria were erupted voluminously and the magma rose to within 100 meters of the lip of the vent. Precise levelling along the highway to the summit in May 1964 by the Geographic Institute revealed the upper part of the volcano upheaved as much as 11 cm above levels determined in 1949. A repetition of the levelling in September 1964 showed a subsidence to approximately the 1949 configuration, indicating a distinct reduction of pressure in the magma chamber.
\nSubstantial amounts of pulverized wallrock were present in the ash along with fragments of scoria and pumice. Progressive caving of the vent walls, which enlarged the diameter of the vent from 200 meters to 525 meters, kept dropping wallrock down onto the exploding magma, and at times stopped the eruption for a day or two by plugging the vent. The scoriaceous and pumiceous bombs were porphyritic two-pyroxene olivine basaltic andesite, and their composition remained remarkably constant throughout the eruption.
\nThe ash section was about 2 meters thick, 800 meters downwind from the vent in June 1964. In the section, deposits of the rainy season could be distinguished by their well developed stratification from those of the dry season. A zone containing three persistent pumice horizons represents the climactic period of December 1963 to January 1964. The cloudburst of December 10, 1963 is recorded by a highly rilled surface, and the strong winds of the dry season of 1964 are indicated by a rippled lag deposit.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02597194","issn":"0366483X","usgsCitation":"Murata, K.J., Dondoli, C., and Saenz, R., 1966, The 1963–65 eruption of Irazú volcano, Costa Rica (the period of March 1963 to October 1964): Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 29, no. 1, p. 763-793, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597194.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"793","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215153,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02597194"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba61fe4b08c986b320ee1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murata, K. J.","contributorId":18759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murata","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dondoli, C.","contributorId":60869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dondoli","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saenz, R.","contributorId":71409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saenz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81414,"text":"81414 - 1966 - The St. Lawrence Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T16:06:33.004553","indexId":"81414","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The St. Lawrence Great Lakes","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology in North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","usgsCitation":"Beeton, A.M., and Chandler, D., 1966, The St. Lawrence Great Lakes, chap. of Limnology in North America, p. 535-558.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"558","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.91552734375,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -76.4813232421875,\n 44.319918120477425\n ],\n [\n -77.113037109375,\n 44.01652134387754\n ],\n [\n -77.640380859375,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -79.2938232421875,\n 43.8503744993026\n ],\n [\n -79.9090576171875,\n 43.30119623257966\n ],\n [\n -79.2718505859375,\n 43.153101551466385\n ],\n [\n -78.6236572265625,\n 43.32517767999296\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 43.213183300738876\n ],\n [\n -76.871337890625,\n 43.22519255488632\n ],\n [\n -76.102294921875,\n 43.56845179881218\n ],\n [\n -75.91552734375,\n 44.28453670601888\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 42.75104599038353\n ],\n [\n -78.8763427734375,\n 42.896088552971065\n ],\n [\n -79.5025634765625,\n 42.88803956056295\n ],\n [\n -80.2386474609375,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 42.61374895431491\n ],\n [\n -81.2933349609375,\n 42.69051116998238\n ],\n [\n -82.1722412109375,\n 42.24071874922666\n ],\n [\n -82.55126953124999,\n 42.05745022024682\n ],\n [\n -82.803955078125,\n 42.05337156043361\n ],\n [\n -82.99621582031249,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -83.1060791015625,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -83.22143554687499,\n 42.14304156290942\n ],\n [\n -83.5345458984375,\n 41.693424216151314\n ],\n [\n -83.353271484375,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -83.111572265625,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -83.0401611328125,\n 41.43860847395721\n ],\n [\n -82.913818359375,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 41.430371882652814\n ],\n [\n -82.44140625,\n 41.36444153054222\n ],\n [\n -81.9964599609375,\n 41.47977575214487\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -81.1669921875,\n 41.734429390721\n ],\n [\n -79.73876953125,\n 42.20817645934742\n ],\n [\n -78.9312744140625,\n 42.63799988907408\n ],\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 42.75104599038353\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 45.182036837015886\n ],\n [\n -80.870361328125,\n 44.5435052132082\n ],\n [\n -80.760498046875,\n 44.66083904265621\n ],\n [\n -80.1123046875,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -79.94750976562499,\n 44.41024041296011\n ],\n [\n -79.903564453125,\n 44.77013681219717\n ],\n [\n -79.69482421875,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -79.716796875,\n 44.91813929958515\n ],\n [\n -80.67260742187499,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 46.17983040759436\n ],\n [\n -84.00146484374999,\n 46.38483322349276\n ],\n [\n -84.26513671875,\n 46.27863122156088\n ],\n [\n -84.100341796875,\n 46.03510927947334\n ],\n [\n -84.803466796875,\n 46.09609080214316\n ],\n [\n -84.715576171875,\n 45.729191061299915\n ],\n [\n -84.26513671875,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -83.682861328125,\n 45.31352900692258\n ],\n [\n -83.441162109375,\n 45.1742925240767\n ],\n [\n -83.46313476562499,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -83.309326171875,\n 44.80132682904856\n ],\n [\n -83.441162109375,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -83.583984375,\n 44.29240108529005\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 44.04811573082351\n ],\n [\n -83.880615234375,\n 44.000717834282774\n ],\n [\n -84.00146484374999,\n 43.77902662160831\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -83.660888671875,\n 43.56447158721811\n ],\n [\n -83.22143554687499,\n 43.94537239244209\n ],\n [\n -82.913818359375,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -82.781982421875,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -82.540283203125,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -82.408447265625,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -81.9140625,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -81.67236328125,\n 43.46886761482925\n ],\n [\n -81.727294921875,\n 44.040218713142146\n ],\n [\n -81.595458984375,\n 44.268804788566165\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 45.182036837015886\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -86.220703125,\n 42.21224516288584\n ],\n [\n -86.15478515625,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -86.46240234375,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -85.97900390625,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -85.62744140625,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -85.517578125,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -85.0341796875,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -85.25390625,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 45.42929873257377\n ],\n [\n -85.10009765625,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -84.79248046875,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n -84.7705078125,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -85.49560546875,\n 46.14939437647686\n ],\n [\n -86.24267578125,\n 45.99696161820381\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 45.81348649679973\n ],\n [\n -86.59423828125,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -86.85791015625,\n 45.81348649679973\n ],\n [\n -87.0556640625,\n 45.84410779560204\n ],\n [\n -87.29736328125,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -88.08837890625,\n 44.653024159812\n ],\n [\n -87.978515625,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -87.5830078125,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -87.12158203125,\n 45.1510532655634\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 44.5278427984555\n ],\n [\n -87.78076171875,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -88.00048828124999,\n 42.924251753870685\n ],\n [\n -87.82470703125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 41.623655390686395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -84.39697265625,\n 46.694667307773116\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 46.9052455464292\n ],\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 47.025206001585396\n ],\n [\n -84.52880859375,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -84.88037109375,\n 47.62097541515849\n ],\n [\n -84.79248046875,\n 48.004625021133904\n ],\n [\n -85.8251953125,\n 48.019324184801185\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -88.154296875,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -88.5498046875,\n 48.879167148960214\n ],\n [\n -88.79150390625,\n 48.531157010976706\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 48.61838518688487\n ],\n [\n -89.4287109375,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -90.59326171875,\n 47.76886840424207\n ],\n [\n -92.21923828124999,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -90.9228515625,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 46.51351558059737\n ],\n [\n -89.80224609374999,\n 46.70973594407157\n ],\n [\n -89.18701171875,\n 46.830133640447386\n ],\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 47.12995075666307\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 47.41322033016902\n ],\n [\n -88.2861328125,\n 47.204642388766935\n ],\n [\n -88.52783203125,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -88.4619140625,\n 46.70973594407157\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 46.649436163350245\n ],\n [\n -87.34130859375,\n 46.42271253466717\n ],\n [\n -87.0556640625,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -86.81396484375,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -86.59423828125,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -85.6494140625,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 46.7549166192819\n ],\n [\n -85.10009765625,\n 46.46813299215554\n ],\n [\n -84.79248046875,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 46.5739667965278\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a7fa","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Frey, David G.","contributorId":113750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504060,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Beeton, Alfred M.","contributorId":94247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeton","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, David C.","contributorId":40545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"David C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1016536,"text":"1016536 - 1966 - [Book review] The giant Canada goose, by H. C. Hanson","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:19:25","indexId":"1016536","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] The giant Canada goose, by H. C. Hanson","docAbstract":"Review of: The giant Canada goose. H. C. Hanson. Carbondale, Southern Illinois University Press. 1965. xxi, 225 p. illus., maps. 26 cm.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.2307/3798764","usgsCitation":"Nelson, H., 1966, [Book review] The giant Canada goose, by H. C. Hanson: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 30, no. 3, p. 636-637, https://doi.org/10.2307/3798764.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"636","endPage":"637","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263199,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3798764"},{"id":131534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, H.K.","contributorId":21489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2001061,"text":"2001061 - 1966 - Effects of toxaphene on fishes and bottom fauna of Big Kitoi Creek, Afognak Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2001061","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":39,"text":"Investigations in Fish Control","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"8","title":"Effects of toxaphene on fishes and bottom fauna of Big Kitoi Creek, Afognak Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"Abstract not submitted to date","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","publisherLocation":"La Crosse, WI","usgsCitation":"Meehan, W., and Sheridan, W., 1966, Effects of toxaphene on fishes and bottom fauna of Big Kitoi Creek, Afognak Island, Alaska: Investigations in Fish Control 8, 8.","productDescription":"8","startPage":"0","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db610019","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meehan, W.R.","contributorId":45031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meehan","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, W.L.","contributorId":57982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":68346,"text":"ha167 - 1966 - Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T22:34:25.686293","indexId":"ha167","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"167","title":"Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha167","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., 1966, Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 167, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 38.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha167.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 38.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89822,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/167/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413582,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15528.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Crutchfield quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 36.625\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 36.625\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Arnold J.","contributorId":33316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Arnold J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68240,"text":"ha168 - 1966 - Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-28T21:59:12.573943","indexId":"ha168","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"168","title":"Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha168","usgsCitation":"Lambert, T.W., 1966, Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 168, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha168.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423023,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15529.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89620,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/168/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":189568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d975","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, T. William","contributorId":40574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000200,"text":"1000200 - 1966 - Preparation of dart tags for use in the field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T10:37:02","indexId":"1000200","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preparation of dart tags for use in the field","docAbstract":"Tagging in the field requires an efficient method of preparing the tags for dispensation under a wide range of conditions. The method described here was very efficient in an extensive tagging program on Oahe Reservoir, South Dakota.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1966)28[205:PODTFU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Higham, J.R., 1966, Preparation of dart tags for use in the field: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 28, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1966)28[205:PODTFU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"205","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6691a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higham, Joseph R.","contributorId":17568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higham","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000404,"text":"1000404 - 1966 - Seasonal and depth distribution of larval bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) in southeastern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T09:38:04","indexId":"1000404","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and depth distribution of larval bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) in southeastern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"The average composition of the continental crust is more mafic than hitherto supposed. The conterminous United States can be divided, on the basis of seismic structure, into ten regions. The seven western and the three eastern regions can be termed western and eastern superprovinces. Seismic studies show that the crust is thinner and more silicic in tectonically active regions (western superprovince — average crustal thickness 34 km), than in stable regions (eastern superprovince — average crustal thickness 44 km). Mafic rocks are estimated to average 55% of the continental crust: 45% in the western and 59% in the eastern superprovince. These results express quantitatively the ideas expressed qualitatively by Pakiser and Zietz (1965). The computations of percentages of major oxides in the crust associate seismic velocities with rock compositions.
A stream-quality reconnaissance at 318 locations in May 1965 offered the first opportunity for a contemporaneous regional collection and appraisal of water-quality data in Appalachia. The results provide a means of regional comparison of the influence of coal-mine drainage on stream quality at approximately median streamflow. The results disclose that the chemical quality of the water at nearly 200 sites did not meet recommended drinking-water standards. At many of these sites, inferior quality was caused by excessive concentrations of solutes commonly associated with coalmine waters. Water-quality damage from mine drainage is particularly severe in the more heavily mined northern one-third of the region where high sulfate content, free mineral acidity, and low pH are typical of most affected streams. A deficiency in natural stream alkalinity in this part of the coal region contributes greatly to the massive effect of mine drainage upon stream quality. However, data collected from streams affected by mine drainage along the west edge of this part of the coal field suggest extensive neutralization of mine water. In southern Appalachia coal-mine drainage had less influence on stream quality than in northern Appalachia. Fewer streams in this area were influenced by mine drainage, and the magnitude of stream damage for affected streams was less than in northern Appalachia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir526","usgsCitation":"Biesecker, J.E., and George, J.R., 1966, Stream quality in Appalachia as related to coal-mine drainage, 1965: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 526, Report: iv, 27 p.; 1 Plate: 34.89 x 32.60 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir526.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 27 p.; 1 Plate: 34.89 x 32.60 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31250,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415194,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23776.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":31251,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118318,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 32.833\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 32.833\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5161","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biesecker, James E.","contributorId":104042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biesecker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, J. Richard","contributorId":31753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2001059,"text":"2001059 - 1966 - Mortality of some species of fish to toxaphene at three temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2001059","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":39,"text":"Investigations in Fish Control","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"6","title":"Mortality of some species of fish to toxaphene at three temperatures","docAbstract":"Abstract not submitted to date","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","publisherLocation":"La Crosse, WI","usgsCitation":"Mahdi, M., 1966, Mortality of some species of fish to toxaphene at three temperatures: Investigations in Fish Control 6, 10.","productDescription":"10","startPage":"0","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112348,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ifc/003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":198650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ifc/003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698d5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahdi, M.A.","contributorId":10516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahdi","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000381,"text":"1000381 - 1966 - The tullibee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:43","indexId":"1000381","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2758,"text":"Minnesota Conservation Volunteer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The tullibee","docAbstract":"Early explorers and settlers of the northeastern United States and southern Canada found lakes teeming with fish that had white flesh and were good to eat. The larger of these they called whitefish, differentiating two kinds- the lake whitefish and the round or menominee whitefish. These looked much alike, and each had the same appearance wherever it was found. The smaller fishes with white flesh had a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors in different lakes and areas, and were given several names; most common of these were 'cisco,' 'lake herring,' and 'tullibee.' Cisco subsequently became the common name for all of the small whitefishes, and lake herring was the name given to a single shallow-water species. The use of the name 'tullibee' became less common after ichthyologists concluded that it was a form of lake herring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Minnesota Conservation Volunteer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.H., 1966, The tullibee: Minnesota Conservation Volunteer, v. 29, no. 170, p. 49-50.","productDescription":"p. 49-50","startPage":"49","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"170","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc542","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Stanford H.","contributorId":86711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stanford","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81347,"text":"81347 - 1966 - U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T10:33:32","indexId":"81347","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":84,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Fisheries","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"528","title":"U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography","docAbstract":"The annotated bibliography is preceded by a brief account of the Federal research program in fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes in 1957-64. The bibliography covers 314 papers by staff members of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Mich., and 35 by associated scientists with whom the Laboratory had contractual or other cooperative arrangements; included also are patents issued to Laboratory personnel. A roster of Laboratory scientists as of December 31, 1964, is appended.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hile, R., 1966, U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography: Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 528, 53 p.","productDescription":"53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101758,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015045825232?urlappend=%3Bseq=83"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613a84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hile, Ralph","contributorId":48510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hile","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32749,"text":"pp398B - 1966 - Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-04T11:07:30.688434","indexId":"pp398B","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"398","chapter":"B","title":"Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp398B","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, J.A., 1966, Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 398, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp398B.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":113069,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0398b/report.pdf","size":"7055","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161357,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0398b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.49335555813485,\n 59.2550699570248\n ],\n [\n -149.11236946202675,\n 59.2550699570248\n ],\n [\n -149.11236946202675,\n 61.595366490271346\n ],\n [\n -154.49335555813485,\n 61.595366490271346\n ],\n [\n -154.49335555813485,\n 59.2550699570248\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685030","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, J. A.","contributorId":14026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171213,"text":"70171213 - 1966 - Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T15:53:18","indexId":"70171213","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus)","docAbstract":"In complementary studies of the chronic effects of heptachlor on bluegills, four similar earthen ponds were treated once with different concentrations of heptachlor, and the fish in six plastic pools were routinely fed different levels of heptachlor. A fifth pond and two plastic pools were used as controls. Higher dosages resulted in higher concentrations of heptachlor residues, more pronounced tissue pathology, and higher mortality in the test fish. Heptachlor reached a maximum in the pond fish about 3 days after treatment, and could no longer be found in the fish or mud after 56 days. The fish fed continuous levels of heptachlor developed their highest residues at 56 days. Invertebrate populations in the two higher treatment level ponds were eliminated. Lesser effects appeared in the two lower concentrations. At the termination of the experiment, invertebrate populations in the treated ponds and the control were not significantly different, and had achieved or surpassed pretreatment levels. Degenerative liver lesions became pronounced in fish from the two higher exposure ponds, but a heavy infestation of trematode metacercariae in the fish of all the test ponds, except the control, clouded further interpretation of histopathological examinations. Pathology results from the fish in the feeding test, although inconclusive, tended to support the trends which were developing in the contact test. There was an inverse proportional relationship between growth of fish in the feeding test and the amount of heptachlor introduced. The control group showed the highest growth rate, and the groups with progressively higher intake of heptachlor had progressively lower growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[297:SEOHOB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Andrews, A.K., Stebbings, B.E., and Van Valin, C.C., 1966, Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus): Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 95, no. 3, p. 297-309, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[297:SEOHOB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"309","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccc2e4b07e28b662dd2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Austin K.","contributorId":85516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Austin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stebbings, Bruce E.","contributorId":169616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stebbings","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Valin, Charles C.","contributorId":169609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Valin","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171395,"text":"70171395 - 1966 - Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T23:49:31.102596","indexId":"70171395","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon","docAbstract":"The nuclides zinc-65 and cobalt-60 associated with river-borne particulate matter are incorporated in sediment on the Continental Shelf near the Colum- ia River. Changes in the relative concentrations of zinc-65 and cobalt-60 and in the ratio of the activity of zinc-65 and cobalt-60 suggest that radioactive sediment moves northward 12 to 30 kilometers per year along the shelf and 2.5 to 10 kilometers per year westward away from the coast.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.154.3751.879","usgsCitation":"Gross, M.G., and Nelson, J.L., 1966, Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon: Science, v. 154, no. 3751, p. 879-885, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3751.879.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"879","endPage":"885","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 48.62564740882851\n ],\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 48.62564740882851\n ],\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"154","issue":"3751","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5dce4b0ee97d51a83fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, M. Grant","contributorId":50145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Grant","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Jack L.","contributorId":41671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171406,"text":"70171406 - 1966 - Determination of Columbia River flow times from Pasco, Washington using radioactive tracers introduced by the Hanford reactors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T14:15:54","indexId":"70171406","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of Columbia River flow times from Pasco, Washington using radioactive tracers introduced by the Hanford reactors","docAbstract":"Radioactive tracers introduced into the Columbia River in cooling water from the Hanford reactors were used to measure flow times downstream from Pasco, Washington, as far as Astoria, Oregon. The use of two tracer methods was investigated. One method used the decay of a steady release of Na24 (15-hour half-life) to determine flow times to various downstream locations, and flow times were also determined from the time required for peak concentration of instantaneous releases of I131 (8-day half-life) to reach these locations. Flow times determined from the simultaneous use of the two methods agreed closely. The measured flow times for the 224 miles from Pasco to Vancouver, Washington, ranged from 14.6 to 3.6 days, respectively, for discharges of 108,000 and 630,000 ft3/sec at Vancouver, Washington. A graphic relation for estimating flow times at discharges other than those measured and for several locations between Pasco and Vancouver was prepared from the data of tests made at four river discharges. Some limited data are also presented on the characteristics of dispersion of I131 in the Columbia River.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR002i001p00031","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.L., Perkins, R., and Haushild, W., 1966, Determination of Columbia River flow times from Pasco, Washington using radioactive tracers introduced by the Hanford reactors: Water Resources Research, v. 2, no. 1, p. 31-39, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR002i001p00031.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","city":"Astoria, Pasco","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.20303344726562,\n 46.29001987172955\n ],\n [\n -119.3115234375,\n 46.24160175728607\n ],\n [\n -119.07531738281251,\n 46.11513371326539\n ],\n [\n -119.0313720703125,\n 46.05417324177816\n ],\n [\n -119.2071533203125,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -119.344482421875,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -119.6136474609375,\n 45.95496879511337\n ],\n [\n -119.86633300781249,\n 45.874712248904764\n ],\n [\n -120.267333984375,\n 45.79050946752472\n ],\n [\n -120.4541015625,\n 45.763690956618674\n ],\n [\n -120.5419921875,\n 45.817315080406246\n ],\n [\n -120.948486328125,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 45.744526980468436\n ],\n [\n -121.66259765625001,\n 45.775186183521036\n ],\n [\n -122.0086669921875,\n 45.733025435949735\n ],\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 45.64092778836502\n ],\n [\n -122.48657226562499,\n 45.64092778836502\n ],\n [\n -122.65686035156249,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -122.7447509765625,\n 45.99696161820381\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 46.10751733820335\n ],\n [\n -123.0084228515625,\n 46.1912395780416\n ],\n [\n -123.101806640625,\n 46.20644812194458\n ],\n [\n -123.28308105468749,\n 46.214050815339526\n ],\n [\n -123.4259033203125,\n 46.3127900695348\n ],\n [\n -123.7115478515625,\n 46.320378031062354\n ],\n [\n -123.914794921875,\n 46.30899569419859\n ],\n [\n -124.0576171875,\n 46.320378031062354\n ],\n [\n -124.09606933593751,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n -123.9312744140625,\n 46.172222978455395\n ],\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 46.14939437647686\n ],\n [\n -123.67309570312499,\n 46.11132565729796\n ],\n [\n -123.51379394531249,\n 46.15319980124842\n ],\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 46.13417004624326\n ],\n [\n -123.20617675781251,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -123.0743408203125,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -122.93701171874999,\n 45.97024259702345\n ],\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 45.80199916666154\n ],\n [\n -122.8985595703125,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -122.7886962890625,\n 45.6101948758674\n ],\n [\n -122.6788330078125,\n 45.5679096098613\n ],\n [\n -122.47009277343749,\n 45.52944081525666\n ],\n [\n -122.178955078125,\n 45.51019654498558\n ],\n [\n -121.94274902343749,\n 45.54867850352087\n ],\n [\n -121.75598144531251,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 45.60250901510299\n ],\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 45.533288879467456\n ],\n [\n -121.0308837890625,\n 45.51404592560424\n ],\n [\n -120.72326660156249,\n 45.6101948758674\n ],\n [\n -120.4376220703125,\n 45.60250901510299\n ],\n [\n -120.00915527343749,\n 45.67548217560647\n ],\n [\n -119.7509765625,\n 45.77135470445038\n ],\n [\n -119.5477294921875,\n 45.805828539928356\n ],\n [\n -119.190673828125,\n 45.84028105450088\n ],\n [\n -118.97644042968749,\n 45.89000815866184\n ],\n [\n -118.86657714843749,\n 45.98551218814564\n ],\n [\n -118.83911132812499,\n 46.118941506107056\n ],\n [\n -118.89953613281249,\n 46.23685258143992\n ],\n [\n -119.080810546875,\n 46.27103747280261\n ],\n [\n -119.20303344726562,\n 46.29001987172955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5bfe4b0ee97d51a83aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jack L.","contributorId":41671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, R.W.","contributorId":77221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haushild, W.L.","contributorId":48953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haushild","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185640,"text":"70185640 - 1966 - Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T10:23:28","indexId":"70185640","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"During a three-month trial period, 70 million gallons of industrial wastes were successfully injected at moderate pressures into a deep limestone in the westernmost part of Florida. The movement of these wastes is expected to be predominantly southward toward the natural discharge area which is presumed to be far out in the Gulf of Mexico. The limestone lies between two thick beds of clay (aquicludes) and contains 13,000 parts per million salty water. A series of aquifers and aquicludes appear capable of preventing contamination of the overlying fresh-water aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x","usgsCitation":"Barraclough, J., 1966, Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 1, p. 22-24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"22","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63044e4b05ec799131139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barraclough, J.T.","contributorId":16003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171219,"text":"70171219 - 1966 - Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-30T22:52:53.443754","indexId":"70171219","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","title":"Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","docAbstract":"Factors influencing the uptake of the sodium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), under conditions in which no net metabolism occurred, were investigated in an effort to determine both the significance of “non-metabolic” uptake as a potential agent in reducing pesticide levels and the mechanisms involved. Uptake of 2,4-D was affected by pH, temperature, and the presence of other organic and inorganic compounds. Uptake was more pronounced at pH values less than 6, which implies that there may be some interaction between charged groups on the cell and the ionized carboxyl group of 2,4-D. Active transport, carrier-mediated diffusion, passive diffusion, and adsorption were considered as possible mechanisms. Though uptake was inhibited by glucose, sodium azide, and fluorodinitrobenzene (but not by uranyl ion), 2,4-D was not accumulated against a concentration gradient, a necessary consequence of an active transport system, nor was isotope counterflow found to occur. Thus, carrier-mediated diffusion was finally precluded, implying that uptake probably occurs by a two-step process: sorption onto the cell wall followed by passive diffusion into the cytoplasm.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., 1966, Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 14, no. 4, p. 486-491, https://doi.org/10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"491","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321681,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccc7e4b07e28b662dd6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":5504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","email":"gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009985,"text":"70009985 - 1966 - Mineral exploration and soil analysis using in situ neutron activation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T01:27:37.111069","indexId":"70009985","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2906,"text":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral exploration and soil analysis using in situ neutron activation","docAbstract":"A feasibility study has been made to operate by remote control an unshielded portable positive-ion accelerator type neutron source to induce activities in the ground or rock by “in situ” neutron irradiation. Selective activation techniques make it possible to detect some thirty or more elements by irradiating the ground for periods of a few minutes with either 3-MeV or 14-MeV neutrons. The depth of penetration of neutrons, the effect of water content of the soil on neutron moderation, gamma ray attenuation in the soil and other problems are considered.
The analysis shows that, when exploring for most elements of economic interest, the reaction 2H(d,n)3He yielding ∼ 3-MeV neutrons is most practical to produce a relatively uniform flux of neutrons of less than 1 keV to a depth of 19″–20″. Irradiation with high energy neutrons (∼ 14 MeV) can also be used and may be better suited for certain problems. However, due to higher background and lower sensitivity for the heavy minerals, it is not a recommended neutron source for general exploration use.
Preliminary experiments have been made which indicate that neutron activation in situ is feasible for a mineral exploration or qualititative soil analysis.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission Annual Report, 1964","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.R., 1966, Lamprey control and research in the United States, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415350,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/annual-reports.php"},{"id":128257,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 48.48770654175058\n ],\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 39.19355786261647\n ],\n [\n -75.03922973389709,\n 39.19355786261647\n ],\n [\n -75.03922973389709,\n 48.48770654175058\n ],\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 48.48770654175058\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Bernard R.","contributorId":38924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}