{"pageNumber":"595","pageRowStart":"14850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184858,"records":[{"id":70216815,"text":"70216815 - 2020 - Building adaptive capacity in a coastal region experiencing global change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T20:35:54.847323","indexId":"70216815","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T14:35:43","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7455,"text":"Ecology & Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building adaptive capacity in a coastal region experiencing global change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal ecosystems in the eastern U.S. have been severely altered by human development, and climate change and other stressors are now further degrading the capacity of those ecological and social systems to remain resilient in the face of such disturbances. We sought to identify potential ways in which local conservation interests in the Lowcountry of South Carolina (USA) could participate in a social process of adaptation planning, and how that process might ultimately be broadened to engage a more diverse set of partners. We engaged participants through a combination of informal meetings, workshops, and other collaborative interactions to explore how the conservation community perceives and pursues its various missions, and how that community might confront the threats and opportunities in its future. Coproduction of knowledge and meaning were facilitated by collaborative scenario planning and strategic planning evaluation, which illuminated how the conservation community is integral to the broader governance of the region and highlighted how responses to forces of change are mediated through local culture, economics, and politics. We suggest an interpretation of conservation in which the fundamental objectives of both social and ecological systems might be prioritized in tandem, rather than narrowly focusing on environmental protection without consideration of the social landscape. Ultimately, adaptive capacity depends on the ability to act collectively, and social capital, trust, and organization greatly influence the capacity to act. Thus, we conclude that the presence of strong social networks, coordination and deliberation among diverse stakeholders, mechanisms for experiential feedback, and emphasis on social learning are key elements needed to build adaptive capacity. Central to the evolving perspective of governance of the commons is recognition that social and ecological systems are coupled; the issues and problems of one cannot be addressed without considering the consequences for the other. Moreover, a dominant theme emerging from our research and that of other scholars is the importance of culture and place attachment, which generates social cohesion and facilitates problem solving. These ideas have important implications for when, where, and how stakeholders are engaged to address the rapid changes being experienced by social-ecological systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Resilience Alliance","doi":"10.5751/ES-11700-250309","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Eaton, M.J., Mikels-Carrasco, J., and Case, D.J., 2020, Building adaptive capacity in a coastal region experiencing global change: Ecology & Society, v. 25, no. 3, 9, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11700-250309.","productDescription":"9, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101245","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-11700-250309","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.585205078125,\n              33.87953701355924\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07409667968749,\n              34.298068350990825\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.3048095703125,\n              33.988918483762156\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2169189453125,\n              33.710632271492095\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.40917968749999,\n              33.916013113401696\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.991455078125,\n              33.99802726234877\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.23291015625,\n              32.861132322810946\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.39770507812499,\n              32.63012300670739\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.1724853515625,\n              32.44024912337551\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.1285400390625,\n              32.17096283641326\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9307861328125,\n              31.956823015897207\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.88134765625,\n              31.942839972853083\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.299072265625,\n              32.36140331527543\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.3212890625,\n              33.063924198120645\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.134521484375,\n              33.17893926058104\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0081787109375,\n              33.53681606773302\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.585205078125,\n              33.87953701355924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. 0000-0001-7324-6333 meaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6333","contributorId":169429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","email":"meaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mikels-Carrasco, Jessica","contributorId":245520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mikels-Carrasco","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49215,"text":"D.J. Case & Assoc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Case, David J.","contributorId":140653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Case","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13543,"text":"DJ Case & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70228588,"text":"70228588 - 2020 - Soft Release Translocation of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) on an Urban Military Installation in Oklahoma, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T20:33:40.095508","indexId":"70228588","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T14:18:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5762,"text":"Animals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Soft release translocation of Texas horned lizards (<i>Phrynosoma cornutum</i>) on an urban military installation in Oklahoma, United States","title":"Soft Release Translocation of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) on an Urban Military Installation in Oklahoma, United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildlife translocation is an often-used technique to augment populations or remove animals from harm’s way. Unfortunately, many translocation efforts fail to meet their goals for myriad reasons, particularly because translocated animals make large, erratic movements after release, which can result in high mortality rates. Soft release, holding animals in acclimation pens for some period of time at the recipient site before release, has been proposed as a technique to reduce these large movements and increase the survival of translocated animals. Here, we compared the survival and movement patterns of soft-released Texas horned lizards <i>(Phrynosoma cornutum</i>) with resident lizards, as well as hard-released lizards from a prior study. Juvenile lizards that were soft-released had high survival rates similar to resident lizards, despite still moving more frequently and occupying larger home ranges than residents. Conversely, soft-released adult lizards had survival rates similar to those that were hard-released, and much lower rates than resident adults. Curiously, soft-released adults did not have significantly higher movement rates or home range sizes than residents. Our results suggest that caution should be used before adult Texas horned lizards are translocated. However, juveniles responded well to soft release, and future research should explore whether they are more resilient to translocation in general, or if soft release provided a specific survival advantage. Contrary to our predictions, the survival of translocated animals was not related to their post-release movement patterns, and the mechanism underlying the observed survival patterns is unclear.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.3390/ani10081358","usgsCitation":"DeGregorio, B.A., Myers, H., and Moody, R., 2020, Soft Release Translocation of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) on an Urban Military Installation in Oklahoma, United States: Animals, v. 10, no. 8, 1358, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081358.","productDescription":"1358, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112572","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081358","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Tinker Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.41680145263672,\n              35.407800411596334\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.37045288085938,\n              35.407800411596334\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.37045288085938,\n              35.41479572901859\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.41680145263672,\n              35.41479572901859\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.41680145263672,\n              35.407800411596334\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, H.","contributorId":276273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56946,"text":"USAF 72nd ABW/CE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moody, R.","contributorId":276274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moody","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56946,"text":"USAF 72nd ABW/CE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70228472,"text":"70228472 - 2020 - Themes of contemporary inland fisheries goals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T19:35:58.067596","indexId":"70228472","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T13:33:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Themes of contemporary inland fisheries goals","docAbstract":"Goals are important for the effective execution of public trust responsibilities by state inland fisheries bureaus, but formulating meaningful goals is not simple. Often bureaus look to their past and to their sister bureaus in neighboring states when crafting goals for their own freshwater resources. Herein, we review the goal themes of fisheries bureaus using publicly available documents and guided by previous literature. We test whether goals exhibit geographic patterns presuming that differences and similarities in climate, natural resources, and people determine, to various degrees, the goal themes across the U.S. We identified nine distinct goal themes but found that they do not form clear geographic patterns, which contrasts with a similar analysis conducted in the 1970s. Since the 1970s, fisheries bureau goals have expanded and regionalism in goals has vanished. We suggest that changes in perspectives and communication technology, as well as provisions within nationwide funding mechanisms have led to goals becoming more homogenous across the U.S. and more diverse within each bureau.  ","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10507","usgsCitation":"Aldridge, C., Miranda, L.E., and Colvin, M.E., 2020, Themes of contemporary inland fisheries goals: Fisheries Magazine, v. 46, no. 1, p. 34-39, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10507.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-116638","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aldridge, C.A.","contributorId":275883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aldridge","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colvin, M. E.","contributorId":275884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colvin","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70212719,"text":"ofr20201072 - 2020 - Cottonwoods, water, and people-Integrating analysis of tree rings with observations of elders from the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho Tribes of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T23:30:54.314533","indexId":"ofr20201072","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1072","displayTitle":"Cottonwoods, Water, and People—Integrating Analysis of Tree Rings with Observations of Elders from the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho Tribes of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming","title":"Cottonwoods, water, and people-Integrating analysis of tree rings with observations of elders from the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho Tribes of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>We assessed the history of flow and riparian ecosystem change along the Wind River using cottonwood tree-ring data, streamgage records, historical temperature and precipitation data, drought indices, and local observations and Traditional Ecological Knowledge from elders of the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho Tribes of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming. This assessment identified impacts that have occurred to riparian resources of concern to the Tribes, which will assist in prioritizing drought planning efforts. Impacts included reduced abundance, reduced regeneration, and increased mortality in cottonwoods (<i>Populus</i> <i>deltoides</i> and <i>P. angustifolia</i>); an increase in invasive species, especially Russian olive (<i>Elaeagnus angustifolia</i>), that are gradually replacing cottonwoods and other native woody plants; decreased abundance of native and culturally important plants; reduced abundance of culturally important fish; reduced volume and changes to the timing of flows; and changes in river course. This assessment documented the biophysical and social factors that have contributed to riparian ecosystem change and to reduced water availability and flows, including agricultural diversion, drought, and fire. Cottonwoods along the Wind River are as much as 300 years old. By relating tree-ring width to recorded streamflows, we were able to reconstruct streamflows confidently back to the 1850s and speculatively back to the mid-1700s. Extending the historical record of streamflows allows for a more-complete understanding of hydroclimatic variability and provides a foundation for developing preparedness and response strategies for drought management. Ring width of cottonwood trees at the Boysen Site was more strongly correlated to river flow than to local precipitation or temperature, indicating that growth of trees is controlled more by montane snowmelt than by local weather. Therefore, tree rings are a better indicator of water supply than of the local conditions controlling water demand. The extended flow record from tree rings revealed the occurrence of a major period of low flow from 1870 to 1910 that was not evident in the shorter instrumental records of flow and weather. Information from tree rings, streamflow measurements, drought indices, and elder observations all suggest that the early 2000s drought was the most severe, sustained drought in the last century. Our results illustrate how drought is experienced in different ways across locations and sectors, which underscores the importance of using multiple indicators for drought management. These results will contribute to ongoing assessment, monitoring, and planning efforts at the Wind River Reservation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201072","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Eastern Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming, the Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming, and Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"McNeeley, S.M., Friedman, J.M., Beeton, T.A., and Thaxton, R.D., 2020, Cottonwoods, water, and people—Integrating analysis of tree rings with observations of elders from the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho Tribes of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1072, 33 p.,  https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201072.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 33 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-113563","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378034,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9S1UIAL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tree-Ring Data Collected in 2017 and 2018 From Cottonwood Trees Along the Wind River in Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming"},{"id":377898,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1072/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":377899,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1072/ofr20201072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1072"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.44442749023438,\n              42.83569550641452\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.160400390625,\n              42.83569550641452\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.160400390625,\n              43.54456658436357\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.44442749023438,\n              43.54456658436357\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.44442749023438,\n              42.83569550641452\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/fort\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/fort\">Fort Collins Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg. C<br>Fort Collins, CO 80526</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Research Methods</li><li>Human Modification of the River and Flow</li><li>Cottonwood Species</li><li>Relation Between Riparian Forest and Tribes</li><li>Cottonwood Ages</li><li>Impacts of Social and Environmental Changes on Riparian Environments</li><li>Mechanism of Observed Impacts on Riparian Forest</li><li>Cottonwood Growth</li><li>Flow Reconstruction from Multiple Sources</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Interview Questions</li><li>Appendix 2. Details of Cottonwood Sampling and Analysis</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2020-08-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNeeley, Shannon M.","contributorId":208510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeeley","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37812,"text":"Colorado State University; North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeton, Tyler A.","contributorId":208509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeton","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37812,"text":"Colorado State University; North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thaxton, Richard D.","contributorId":238181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thaxton","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70219498,"text":"70219498 - 2020 - Impact of unburned remnant sagebrush versus outplants on post-fire landscape rehabilitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T16:55:38.488622","indexId":"70219498","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T11:52:37","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":251,"text":"Final Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"title":"Impact of unburned remnant sagebrush versus outplants on post-fire landscape rehabilitation","docAbstract":"Nearly half of the vast sagebrush steppe in the western United states has lost many or nearly all native plant species, largely due to the interaction of invasive species and increased wildfire. Re-establishing sagebrush, a keystone component of these ecosystems, has become a management focus in recent decades using aerial broadcast seeding or limited plantings. One promising avenue for improving the planning and assessment of post-fire seedings involves the spatial patchiness of burn patterns and in the recovery of sagebrush after fire. Unburned remnant or post-fire planted islands (or patches) of sagebrush could be valuable seed sources for species recovery in surrounding burned areas.  Information on how much spatial expansion of unburned remnant patches is expected over time could help in the planning of post-fire treatments. However, previous research has indicated that sagebrush seeds do not disperse far, which would imply that unburned or created patches do not contribute much to sagebrush reestablishment effects. Our objective was to determine whether remnant/unburned sagebrush patches contribute to sagebrush recovery in the surrounding burned areas. We quantified seed rain and seedling establishment in relation to patches of sagebrush that were either unburned remnant or had been planted in the first year or so after wildfire.  We conducted a seed trapping experiment across 6 different wildfires during two winters to determine seed transport distances. We paired this with a seedling recruitment study on the Soda wildfire where we mapped distances between remnants and seedlings. We found that although a few seeds did travel much farther than previously recorded (maximum of 26 m), seed dispersal was highly variable across sites and patches, and only a small portion of seeds dispersed farther than a few meters from sagebrush patches. Our seedling recruitment assessment confirmed a limited contribution of remnants to seedling recruitment. Specifically, a microsite was only marginally more likely to have a sagebrush seedling even if there was >50 neighbors within a 40 m radius. There were no differences in the quantity of seeds dispersed from remnant versus actively managed patches. Overall, we found that isolated sagebrush patches are unlikely to significantly contribute to landscape regeneration of sagebrush on large fires and that aerial seeding is likely needed to overcome seed limitations. We did detect substantial variation in site-level sagebrush seed production among years, including one site that did not produce any seed in one year.  Variability in seed production in space and time appeared to be a potentially more important variable potentially affecting sagebrush seed availability than dispersal distances and is a topic that merits more investigation.","language":"English","publisher":"Joint Fire Science Program","usgsCitation":"Applestein, C., Caughlin, T., and Germino, M., 2020, Impact of unburned remnant sagebrush versus outplants on post-fire landscape rehabilitation: Final Report, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122220","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":384975,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.firescience.gov/projects/18-1-01-48/project/18-1-01-48_final_report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon","city":"Boise","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              42.06560675405716\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.82885742187499,\n              42.06560675405716\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.82885742187499,\n              43.34116005412307\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              43.34116005412307\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              42.06560675405716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applestein, Cara 0000-0002-7923-8526","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7923-8526","contributorId":205748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applestein","given":"Cara","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caughlin, Trevor 0000-0001-6752-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-2055","contributorId":256964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caughlin","given":"Trevor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew 0000-0001-6326-7579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":257069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70214106,"text":"70214106 - 2020 - Effects of experimental warming and nutrient enrichment on wetland communities at the Arctic’s edge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-23T15:05:34.255823","indexId":"70214106","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T10:01:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of experimental warming and nutrient enrichment on wetland communities at the Arctic’s edge","docAbstract":"<p><span>Global warming-related changes to freshwater ecosystems in Arctic and Subarctic regions have been magnified by nutrient input from increasing waterfowl populations. To gain insight into how these changes might affect ecosystem function, we conducted a mesocosm experiment in the Subarctic by enriching N and P (1 ×, 10 ×, and 20 × treatments) and increasing mean water temperatures ≤ 3°C. We measured responses of two species of larval amphibians, periphyton, and phytoplankton. Wood frog (</span><i>Rana sylvatica</i><span>) larvae developed quicker (odds ratio [OR] for 1°C increase = 0.903, 95% CI 0.892–0.912) and were more likely to metamorphose (OR 1.076, 95% CI 0.022–14.73) in warmer waters. Boreal chorus frogs (</span><i>Pseudacris maculata</i><span>) also developed quicker with warmer temperatures (OR 0.880, 95% CI 0.860–0.900), despite a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (OR 0.853, 95% CI 0.696–1.039). Periphyton and phytoplankton concentrations increased with nutrient additions, as did size of wood frog metamorphs. Periphyton and phytoplankton did not vary with temperature, but periphyton was limited by tadpole abundance. Our results highlight the potential for non-linear responses to ecosystem change, with species-specific consumer and ecosystem responses that depend on the magnitude of changes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-020-04392-x","usgsCitation":"Davenport, J., Fishback, L., and Hossack, B., 2020, Effects of experimental warming and nutrient enrichment on wetland communities at the Arctic’s edge: Hydrobiologia, v. 847, p. 3677-3690, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04392-x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3677","endPage":"3690","ipdsId":"IP-107678","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Manitoba","city":"Churchill","otherGeospatial":"Hudson Bay Lowlands region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.415771484375,\n              55.83214387781303\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.010498046875,\n              55.83214387781303\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.010498046875,\n              59.50087955346417\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.415771484375,\n              59.50087955346417\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.415771484375,\n              55.83214387781303\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"847","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, Jon M.","contributorId":126727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Jon M.","affiliations":[{"id":6583,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Missoula, MT, USA 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishback, LeeAnn","contributorId":168514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fishback","given":"LeeAnn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25316,"text":"Churchill Northern Studies Centre, P.O. Box 610, Churchill, Manitoba, R0B 0E0, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70216470,"text":"70216470 - 2020 - Exploring the potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to measure the extent of chronic disturbance in peatlands: Examples from acid mine drainage and peat fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T14:39:05.647854","indexId":"70216470","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T09:38:40","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Exploring the potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to measure the extent of chronic disturbance in peatlands: Examples from acid mine drainage and peat fire","docAbstract":"<p><span>Peatlands are accumulations of partially decayed organic soil that cover approximately 3% of Earth’s surface and have been shown to serve essential environmental and ecological functions such as sequestering carbon, purifying water, and providing habitat for organisms. However, peatlands are threatened by pressures from agriculture, urban development, mining, and climate change. Geophysical methods have been used in peatlands to determine peat volume and carbon stocks (e.g., Comas et al., 2017), observe differences in humification and water content (e.g., Ulriksen, 1982), guide engineering projects (e.g., Jol and Smith, 1995), learn about subsurface greenhouse gas dynamics (Wright and Comas, 2016), observe seasonal variations in pore water salinity (Walter et al., 2018), and assess hydrological processes (Hare et al., 2017). Among various geophysical methods, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is arguably the most popular for studying peat properties given the method’s sensitivity to variations in water content and ability to resolve major structural properties within the peat at high spatial resolution. Though less widely applied, frequency-domain analysis of GPR may also yield useful information.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"18th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","conferenceDate":"June 14-19, 2020","conferenceLocation":"Golden, Colorado","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geologists","doi":"10.1190/gpr2020-015.1","usgsCitation":"Terry, N., Runkel, R.L., Werkema, D.D., Rutila, E., Comas, X., Warren, M., Kristiyono, A., and Murdiyarso, D., 2020, Exploring the potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to measure the extent of chronic disturbance in peatlands: Examples from acid mine drainage and peat fire, 18th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Golden, Colorado, June 14-19, 2020, p. 53-56, https://doi.org/10.1190/gpr2020-015.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-117032","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terry, Neil C. 0000-0002-3965-340X nterry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3965-340X","contributorId":192554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"Neil","email":"nterry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Werkema, Dale D.","contributorId":40488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werkema","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rutila, Elizabeth 0000-0003-0288-9678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0288-9678","contributorId":224637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutila","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40900,"text":"Oakridge Institute for Science and Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Comas, Xavier","contributorId":176879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comas","given":"Xavier","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warren, Matthew","contributorId":245034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warren","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kristiyono, Agus 0000-0001-6433-3902","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-3902","contributorId":245036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kristiyono","given":"Agus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49058,"text":"Indonesian Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Murdiyarso, Daniel","contributorId":243962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murdiyarso","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48776,"text":"cifor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70213125,"text":"70213125 - 2020 - Mars orbiter for resources, ices, and environments (MORIE)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-28T20:09:33.457945","indexId":"70213125","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T09:26:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7567,"text":"Planetary Science Decadal Survey, Planetary Mission Concept Study Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Mars orbiter for resources, ices, and environments (MORIE)","docAbstract":"The MORIE mission concept study examined the science and technical trade space to address high priority questions related to ice reservoirs and environmental transitions. The study team converged on a medium-class SEP-enabled orbiter with seven instruments to unlock the extent and volume of subsurface ice and geologic sequence stratigraphy through time. Observations would include the first radar imaging from orbit, the first radar sounding directly over the poles, and surface mineral mapping at unprecedented spatial scales.","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Calvin, W.M., Putzig, N.E., Holt, J.W., Bramson, A.M., Dundas, C.M., Ehlmann, B.L., Horgan, B.H., Morgan, G.A., Murchie, S.L., Patterson, G.W., Seelos, K.D., Sizemore, H.G., Matousek, S., Woolley, R., Brinoccolo, C., Scott, V., Stuurman, C., Wheeler, K., Sutin, B., Lane, M., Barba, N., Gontijo, I., Park, K., Burgin, M., Hensley, S., Martin, J., Biancone, J., Hinkle, D., and Insua, B., 2020, Mars orbiter for resources, ices, and environments (MORIE): Planetary Science Decadal Survey, Planetary Mission Concept Study Report, 160 p.","productDescription":"160 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120644","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382595,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/mars-morie.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":382596,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calvin, Wendy M. 0000-0002-6097-9586","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6097-9586","contributorId":189159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calvin","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putzig, Nathaniel E. 0000-0003-4485-6321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-6321","contributorId":208684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putzig","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13179,"text":"Planetary Science Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holt, John W 0000-0003-1314-7848","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-7848","contributorId":237030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holt","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":27205,"text":"U. Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bramson, Ali M 0000-0003-4903-0916","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-0916","contributorId":201618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bramson","given":"Ali","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":27205,"text":"U. Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ehlmann, Bethany L. 0000-0002-2745-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-3240","contributorId":147154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Horgan, Briony H. N.","contributorId":174123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horgan","given":"Briony","email":"","middleInitial":"H. N.","affiliations":[{"id":27363,"text":"Purdue University, Dept. Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morgan, Gareth A 0000-0002-9513-8736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-8736","contributorId":229487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Gareth","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":24584,"text":"PSI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Murchie, Scott L. 0000-0002-1616-8751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1616-8751","contributorId":189161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murchie","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36717,"text":"Johns Hopkins University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Patterson, G Wesley 0000-0003-4787-3899","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-3899","contributorId":239986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patterson","given":"G","email":"","middleInitial":"Wesley","affiliations":[{"id":36691,"text":"JHU APL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Seelos, Kimberly D.","contributorId":189160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seelos","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sizemore, Hanna G 0000-0002-6641-2388","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-2388","contributorId":229472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sizemore","given":"Hanna","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":24584,"text":"PSI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Matousek, Steve","contributorId":239987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matousek","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Woolley, Ryan","contributorId":239989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolley","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Brinoccolo, Carlos","contributorId":239990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brinoccolo","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Scott, Valerie","contributorId":248438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stuurman, Cassie","contributorId":239994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuurman","given":"Cassie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Wheeler, Kevin","contributorId":239996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Sutin, Brian","contributorId":239998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutin","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lane, Marc","contributorId":240000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Barba, Nathan","contributorId":240002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barba","given":"Nathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Gontijo, Ivair","contributorId":240005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gontijo","given":"Ivair","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Park, Katherine","contributorId":248439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Burgin, Mariko","contributorId":240007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgin","given":"Mariko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Hensley, Scott","contributorId":240010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hensley","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Martin, Jan","contributorId":240013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Biancone, Jean","contributorId":240016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biancone","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Hinkle, David","contributorId":240018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinkle","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Insua, Barbara","contributorId":240022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Insua","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}}
,{"id":70228420,"text":"70228420 - 2020 - Science in action or science inaction? Evaluating the implementation of \"best available science\" in hydropower relicensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T15:29:05.82825","indexId":"70228420","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:47:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1510,"text":"Energy Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science in action or science inaction? Evaluating the implementation of \"best available science\" in hydropower relicensing","docAbstract":"Over the next two decades, half of all hydropower projects in the USA will require relicensing by the Federal Regulatory Commission (FERC). Relicensing proceedings invoke a range of informational sources and agency regulators are tasked with using the “best available science” (BAS) to make informed decisions about hydropower operations and management. Although embraced as the standard, BAS is not well-defined. The Kennebec and Penobscot River watersheds in Maine provide an ideal opportunity for studying BAS in the relicensing process. Using citation analysis and an online survey, we identified informational sources used in relicensing decisions for dams in this system and assessed agency perceptions of BAS. Analysis of relicensing documents (n=62) demonstrates that FERC and licensee documents are highly similar in citation composition. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) documents typically cite more sources and are three times more likely to cite peer-reviewed sources than FERC and licensee documents. Survey data reveals that federal and state agency respondents (n=49) rate peer-reviewed literature highly as BAS, followed by university, agency, and expert sources while industry and community sources rate poorly. Federal respondents report using peer-reviewed/academic sources more frequently and expert sources less frequently than state respondents. Overall, the agreement between individuals with respect to the valuation of sources is low. The reported differences in information use may be linked to disparities in the access to certain sources of information, particularly peer-reviewed literature. Enhanced understanding of information use may aid in identifying pathways for better informed relicensing decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111457","usgsCitation":"Vogel, S.K., Jansujwicz, J.S., Sponarski, C.C., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2020, Science in action or science inaction? Evaluating the implementation of \"best available science\" in hydropower relicensing: Energy Policy, v. 143, 111457, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111457.","productDescription":"111457, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111262","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111457","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Kennebec River,  Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.63110351562499,\n              43.34914966389313\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.170166015625,\n              43.34914966389313\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.170166015625,\n              47.017716353979225\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.63110351562499,\n              47.017716353979225\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.63110351562499,\n              43.34914966389313\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"143","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogel, Sarah K.","contributorId":275755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogel","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jansujwicz, Jessica S.","contributorId":275757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansujwicz","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sponarski, Carly C.","contributorId":275759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sponarski","given":"Carly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":834262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70215720,"text":"70215720 - 2020 - Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health, Version 5: Bureau of Land Management Technical Reference 1734-6","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T13:47:32.693846","indexId":"70215720","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:42:35","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health, Version 5: Bureau of Land Management Technical Reference 1734-6","docAbstract":"The Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) protocol is designed for assessing ecosystem function on rangelands and woodlands.  The protocol was developed by an interagency cadre of technical experts and has been in use by for two decades.  The protocol is well accepted and is a valuable tool for communicating rangeland conditions with stakeholders. Technical Reference 1734-6 Version 4, which describes the IIRH protocol, was published in 2005.\n\nRefinements and improvements identified through 12 years of experience with class participants and field office personnel applying the protocol as outlined in Version 4 are incorporated into Version 5 of the technical reference.  Indicators and attributes used in previous versions of the technical reference are largely the same, and following instructions in Version 5  is not expected to result in differing attribute ratings as compared to assessments completed using Version 4 of TR 1734-6 assuming that the same reference information is used.","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Land Management","collaboration":"BLM, USDA-ARS, USDA-FS, Utah State University","usgsCitation":"Pellant, M., Shaver, P.L., Pyke, D.A., Herrick, J.E., Lepak, N., Riegel, G., Kachergis, E., Newingham, B.A., Toledo, D., and Busby, F.E., 2020, Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health, Version 5: Bureau of Land Management Technical Reference 1734-6, xi, 186 p.","productDescription":"xi, 186 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097576","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":379847,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.blm.gov/documents/national-office/blm-library/technical-reference/interpreting-indicators-rangeland-health-0"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pellant, Mike","contributorId":178257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pellant","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaver, Patrick L","contributorId":244045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaver","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":48813,"text":"Natural Resources Conservation Service (ret)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herrick, Jeffrey E.","contributorId":26054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrick","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12627,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lepak, Nika","contributorId":217951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepak","given":"Nika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riegel, Gregg","contributorId":244047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riegel","given":"Gregg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kachergis, Emily","contributorId":195930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kachergis","given":"Emily","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Newingham, Beth A.","contributorId":195932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newingham","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Toledo, David","contributorId":195936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toledo","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Busby, Frank E","contributorId":244046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Busby","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70213163,"text":"70213163 - 2020 - Dendrochronology of a rare long-lived mediterranean shrub","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T13:45:46.943822","indexId":"70213163","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:41:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3650,"text":"Tree-Ring Research","onlineIssn":"2162-4585","printIssn":"1536-1098","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dendrochronology of a rare long-lived mediterranean shrub","docAbstract":"<div class=\"div0\"><div class=\"row ArticleContentRow\"><p id=\"ID0EF\" class=\"first\"><i>Ceanothus verrucosus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(CEVE) is a globally rare, long-lived, chaparral shrub endemic to coastal southern California (CA) and northern Mexico. There is concern for CEVE persistence because of habitat loss, fire, and climate change, yet little is known about basic features of the plant, including whether it contains annual rings, plant age, and climate–growth response. Growth-ring analysis was challenging because of semi-ring-porous structure, false, and missing rings. We successfully crossdated CEVE annual rings, primarily from Cabrillo National Monument, CA, using a nearby<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Pinus torreyana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>chronology. The oldest living individual had 116 rings; the oldest inner-ring date was 1873; and most of the plants established between 1894 and 1905, all older than previous estimates. CEVE mortality occurred during a dry period from the late 1940s through the early 1960s. Correlations between age and stem measurements were weak to moderate (r = 0.10 to 0.56) posing challenges for field-based estimates of plant ages, which are important for population modeling. Variability in CEVE ring width had a strong positive correlation with prior cool-season (October–April) precipitation, yet 2- to 7-day warm-season precipitation events were recorded as rare false rings in multiple years, indicating extreme plasticity in cambial phenology and growth response to moisture.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3959/TRR2020-3","usgsCitation":"Margolis, E.Q., Lombardo, K., and Smith, A.E., 2020, Dendrochronology of a rare long-lived mediterranean shrub: Tree-Ring Research, v. 2, no. 76, p. 61-73, https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2020-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-116368","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cabrillo National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.28008270263672,\n              32.656430494848316\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.21244812011719,\n              32.656430494848316\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.21244812011719,\n              32.71393308442175\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.28008270263672,\n              32.71393308442175\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.28008270263672,\n              32.656430494848316\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"76","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Margolis, Ellis Q. 0000-0002-0595-9005 emargolis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-9005","contributorId":173538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margolis","given":"Ellis","email":"emargolis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lombardo, Keith","contributorId":192541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lombardo","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Andrew E.","contributorId":224987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":798471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70213074,"text":"70213074 - 2020 - Genetic diversity targets and indicators in the CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework must be improved","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T13:32:09.668373","indexId":"70213074","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:23:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity targets and indicators in the CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework must be improved","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 196 parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) will soon agree to a post-2020 global framework for conserving the three elements of biodiversity (genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity) while ensuring sustainable development and benefit sharing. As the most significant global conservation policy mechanism, the new CBD framework has far-reaching consequences- it will guide conservation actions and reporting for each member country until 2050. In previous CBD strategies, as well as other major conservation policy mechanisms, targets and indicators for genetic diversity (variation at the DNA level within species, which facilitates species adaptation and ecosystem function) were undeveloped and focused on species of agricultural relevance. We assert that, to meet global conservation goals, genetic diversity within&nbsp;</span><i>all</i><span>&nbsp;species, not just domesticated species and their wild relatives, must be conserved and monitored&nbsp;</span><i>using appropriate metrics</i><span>. Building on suggestions in a recent Letter in&nbsp;</span><i>Science</i><span>&nbsp;(Laikre et al., 2020) we expand argumentation for three new, pragmatic genetic indicators and modifications to two current indicators for maintaining genetic diversity and adaptive capacity of all species, and provide guidance on their practical use. The indicators are: 1) the number of populations with effective population size above versus below 500, 2) the proportion of populations maintained within species, 3) the number of species and populations in which genetic diversity is monitored using DNA-based methods. We also present and discuss Goals and Action Targets for post-2020 biodiversity conservation which are connected to these indicators and underlying data. These pragmatic indicators and goals have utility beyond the CBD; they should benefit conservation and monitoring of genetic diversity via national and global policy for decades to come.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108654","usgsCitation":"Hoban, S.M., Bruford, M.W., D’Urban Jackson, J., Lopes-Fernandes, M., Heuertz, M., Hohenlohe, P.A., Sjogren-Gulve, P., Segelbacher, G., Vernesi, C., Aitken, S., Bertola, L.D., Bloomer, P., Breed, M., Rodriguez-Correa, H., Funk, W., Grueber, C.E., Hunter, M., Jaffe, R., Liggins, L., Mergeay, J., Moharrek, F., O'Brien, D., Ogden, R., Palma-Silva, C., Paz-Vinas, I., Pierson, J., Ramakrishnan, U., Simo-Droissart, M., Tani, N., Waits, L., and Laikre, L., 2020, Genetic diversity targets and indicators in the CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework must be improved: Biological Conservation, v. 248, 108654, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108654.","productDescription":"108654, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117703","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108654","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoban, Sean M. 0000-0002-0348-8449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-8449","contributorId":206582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoban","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37343,"text":"The Morton Arboretum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruford, Michael W.","contributorId":190769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruford","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Urban Jackson, Josephine","contributorId":239918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Urban Jackson","given":"Josephine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48047,"text":"School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes-Fernandes, Margarida","contributorId":239919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes-Fernandes","given":"Margarida","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48048,"text":"Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas, IP, Lisbon, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heuertz, Myriam","contributorId":239920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heuertz","given":"Myriam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48049,"text":"INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hohenlohe, Paul A.","contributorId":46399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hohenlohe","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12708,"text":"Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sjogren-Gulve, Per","contributorId":239921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sjogren-Gulve","given":"Per","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48050,"text":"The Wildlife Analysis Unit, The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Segelbacher, Gernot","contributorId":206584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segelbacher","given":"Gernot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37345,"text":"University of Freiburg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vernesi, Cristiano","contributorId":239922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernesi","given":"Cristiano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48051,"text":"Dept. of Sustainable Agroecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aitken, Sally","contributorId":239923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aitken","given":"Sally","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48052,"text":"Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bertola, Laura D.","contributorId":239924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertola","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38178,"text":"City College of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bloomer, Paulette","contributorId":239925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bloomer","given":"Paulette","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Breed, Martin","contributorId":239609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breed","given":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":47928,"text":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rodriguez-Correa, Hernando","contributorId":239926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Correa","given":"Hernando","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48054,"text":"Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Funk, W. Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":189580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funk","given":"W. Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Grueber, Catherine E.","contributorId":239927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grueber","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":48055,"text":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret 0000-0002-4760-9302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":214742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Jaffe, Rodolfo","contributorId":239612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Rodolfo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47932,"text":"Instituto Tecnológico Vale; Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Liggins, Libby","contributorId":239928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liggins","given":"Libby","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48056,"text":"School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Mergeay, Joachim","contributorId":239929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mergeay","given":"Joachim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48057,"text":"Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KULeuven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Moharrek, Farideh","contributorId":239930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moharrek","given":"Farideh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48060,"text":"Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Tarbiat Modares University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"O'Brien, David","contributorId":192192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Brien","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Ogden, Rob","contributorId":239611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogden","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47931,"text":"Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies & the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Palma-Silva, Clarisse","contributorId":239931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palma-Silva","given":"Clarisse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48061,"text":"Department of Plant Science, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Paz-Vinas, Ivan","contributorId":239614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paz-Vinas","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47934,"text":"Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Pierson, Jennifer","contributorId":239932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Ramakrishnan, Uma","contributorId":197653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramakrishnan","given":"Uma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Simo-Droissart, Murielle","contributorId":239933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simo-Droissart","given":"Murielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48062,"text":"Plant Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Tani, Naoki","contributorId":239934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tani","given":"Naoki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48063,"text":"Forestry Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Waits, Lisette","contributorId":189210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waits","given":"Lisette","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Laikre, Linda","contributorId":198139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laikre","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31}]}}
,{"id":70212980,"text":"70212980 - 2020 - Distance effects of gas field infrastructure on pygmy rabbits in southwestern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-08T13:42:10.746964","indexId":"70212980","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:11:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distance effects of gas field infrastructure on pygmy rabbits in southwestern Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p><span>As domestic energy development activity continues in the western United States, wildlife conservation planning in affected regions is increasingly important. The geologic basins where oil and gas energy exploration is occurring are primarily sagebrush steppe rangelands. Sagebrush steppe habitats may support more than 20 vertebrate species of conservation concern, and for many of these species, information is lacking on the effects of gas energy development. In earlier work, we demonstrated a negative relationship among development density of gas field infrastructure and pygmy rabbits (</span><i>Brachylagus idahoensis</i><span>). We now examine the spatial relationship among gas field infrastructure, pygmy rabbits, and their habitat on four major gas fields in southwest Wyoming. Using data collected from 120 plots over three years (2011–2013) and 2012 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery, we evaluated (1) whether well pads are more likely to be located in areas of pygmy rabbit habitat, (2) whether the presence and abundance of pygmy rabbits are related to distance from infrastructure, and, if so, (3) how much of the total surface area on a gas field is affected. Well pads on three gas fields occurred in higher quality pygmy rabbit habitat than did a set of randomly generated points, and the abundance and probability of pygmy rabbits being present were lower within approximately 0.5–1.5&nbsp;km of the nearest road and 2&nbsp;km of well pads and utilities. Buffering a digital layer of roads and well pads on one gas field revealed that nearly 82% of the (4417&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) surface area was within 1&nbsp;km of infrastructure, and over 95% of the gas field surface area was within 2&nbsp;km. This need not be the case on future gas fields. Directional and horizontal well drilling technologies now make it possible for gas to be recovered from a greater area per well pad, enabling future gas field developments that require fewer well pads, roads, and pipeline corridors. Such changes would enable increased well pad spacing and provide the opportunity to locate gas field infrastructure in areas of poor quality wildlife habitat, avoid high priority habitat, and conserve a greater amount of on‐field wildlife habitat overall.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3230","usgsCitation":"Germaine, S.S., Assal, T., Freeman, A., and Carter, S.K., 2020, Distance effects of gas field infrastructure on pygmy rabbits in southwestern Wyoming: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 8, e03230, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3230.","productDescription":"e03230, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106744","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3230","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Southwest Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.478515625,\n              41.11246878918088\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.45703125,\n              41.11246878918088\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.45703125,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.478515625,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.478515625,\n              41.11246878918088\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germaine, Stephen S. 0000-0002-7614-2676 germaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-2676","contributorId":192417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germaine","given":"Stephen","email":"germaines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Assal, Timothy 0000-0001-6342-2954","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2954","contributorId":204883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Aaron","contributorId":239831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":48003,"text":"Cherokee Nation Technologies, LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70212981,"text":"70212981 - 2020 - Paleoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletal composition through deep time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T14:43:02.448716","indexId":"70212981","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:05:45","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5263,"text":"Nature Ecology & Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletal composition through deep time","docAbstract":"<p><span>Identifying how past environmental conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletal traits provides a framework for predicting their persistence and that of their non-calcifying relatives under impending global warming and ocean acidification. Here we show that ocean geochemistry, particularly aragonite–calcite seas, drives patterns of morphological evolution in anthozoans (corals, sea anemones) by examining skeletal traits in the context of a robust, time-calibrated phylogeny. The lability of skeletal composition among octocorals suggests a greater ability to adapt to changes in ocean chemistry compared with the homogeneity of the aragonitic skeleton of scleractinian corals. Pulses of diversification in anthozoans follow mass extinctions and reef crises, with sea anemones and proteinaceous corals filling empty niches as tropical reef builders went extinct. Changing environmental conditions will likely diminish aragonitic reef-building scleractinians, but the evolutionary history of the Anthozoa suggests other groups will persist and diversify in their wake.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41559-020-01291-1","usgsCitation":"Quattrini, A., Rodriguez-Burgueno, E., Faircloth, B.C., Cowman, P., Brugler, M.R., Farfan, G., Hellberg, M.E., Kitahara, M., Morrison, C., Paz-Garcia, D.A., Reimer, J.D., and McFadden, C.S., 2020, Paleoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletal composition through deep time: Nature Ecology & Evolution, v. 4, p. 1531-1538, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-01291-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1531","endPage":"1538","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-117362","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/biosci_pubs/1679","text":"External Repository"},{"id":378162,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quattrini, Andrea M. 0000-0002-4247-3055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3055","contributorId":62339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quattrini","given":"Andrea M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez-Burgueno, Eliana 0000-0002-5590-6606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6606","contributorId":176492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Burgueno","given":"Eliana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faircloth, B. C.","contributorId":239832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faircloth","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cowman, P. 0000-0001-5977-5327","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5977-5327","contributorId":239833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowman","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40403,"text":"James Cook University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brugler, M. R. 0000-0003-3676-1226","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-1226","contributorId":239836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brugler","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":39562,"text":"City University of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farfan, G.","contributorId":239840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farfan","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48006,"text":"National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hellberg, M. E.","contributorId":239842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hellberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kitahara, M. V. 0000-0003-4011-016X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4011-016X","contributorId":239843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kitahara","given":"M. V.","affiliations":[{"id":48009,"text":"Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":239844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Paz-Garcia, D. A.","contributorId":239845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paz-Garcia","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":48010,"text":"CONTACyT-Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noreste (CIBNOR)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Reimer, J. D.","contributorId":239846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reimer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":48011,"text":"University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McFadden, C. S.","contributorId":239847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":32976,"text":"Harvey Mudd College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70215982,"text":"70215982 - 2020 - Why are so many structures burning in California?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T14:07:16.447527","indexId":"70215982","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:04:38","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1693,"text":"Fremontia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why are so many structures burning in California?","docAbstract":"<p>California has earned a reputation for wildfires that inflict serious damage on human infrastructure, dating back to images of Richard Nixon hosing down the roof of his house in the 1961 Bel-Air fire, and of the famous “fireproof” home of grocery store entrepreneur Fred Roberts burning to the ground in 1982. In recent years, this notoriety has been transformed into public alarm, reflected in the apocalyptic headlines of recent newspaper articles suggesting the “end of California” (New York Times, 30 October 2019) and that “California is becoming unlivable” (The Atlantic, 30 October 2019). Now the phrase “the new normal” has worked its way into the lexicon, sustained by record-breaking struc- ture loss numbers in 2017 and 2018 despite significantly lower structure losses in 2019.</p><p>It remains to be seen whether or not those two recent years were back-to-back one-in-a-hundred-year events, or if the trend has crossed some kind of tipping point, but data do show a longterm trend of significant increase in structures lost to wildfires since the beginning of the 20th century (Fig. 1). What was an average of ~500 homes lost per year in Southern California from about 1950–2000 (CalFire 2000) has recently climbed to ~2700 structures per year statewide from 2000–2018 (Syphard and Keeley 2019). California is not alone in the U.S., or in the world, in suffering increasing impacts from wildfires (e.g., Blanchi et al. 2012, Haynes 2015, Viegas 2018). Impacts so far in the current Australian bushfire season have been recordbreaking, with several thousand structures lost, more than 25 fatalities, and unthinkable losses to wildlife. The question that follows, then, is why?</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Conservation Biology Institute","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A.D., and Keeley, J., 2020, Why are so many structures burning in California?: Fremontia, v. 47, no. 2, p. 28-35.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-113725","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":380019,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://consbio.org/products/publications/why-are-so-many-structures-burning-california"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70217083,"text":"70217083 - 2020 - Lessons for leaders: The difference between good and great","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T14:05:59.502071","indexId":"70217083","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T08:03:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Lessons for leaders: The difference between good and great","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lessons in leadership: Integrating courage, vision, and innovation for the future of sustainable fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society Press","isbn":"978-1-934874-60-8","usgsCitation":"Beard, and Lynch, A., 2020, Lessons for leaders: The difference between good and great, chap. <i>of</i> Lessons in leadership: Integrating courage, vision, and innovation for the future of sustainable fisheries, p. 83-85.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-118973","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":381860,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/professional-and-trade/55083p/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, Jr. 0000-0003-2632-2350 dbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2632-2350","contributorId":169459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"dbeard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail 0000-0001-8449-8392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":220490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70222534,"text":"70222534 - 2020 - Combined seismic and geodetic analysis before, during and after the 2018 Mt. Etna eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T12:39:33.277092","indexId":"70222534","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T07:36:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined seismic and geodetic analysis before, during and after the 2018 Mt. Etna eruption","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>In December 2018, Etna volcano experienced one of the largest episodes of unrest since the installation of geophysical monitoring networks in 1970. The unrest culminated in a short eruption with a small volume of lava erupted, a significant seismic crisis and deformation of the entire volcanic edifice of magnitude never recorded before at Mount Etna. Here we describe the evolution of the 2018 eruptive cycle from the analysis of seismic and geodetic data collected in the months preceding, during, and following the intrusion. We model the space-time evolution of high-rate deformation data starting from the active source previously identified from deformation data and the propagation of seismicity in a 3-D velocity model. The intrusion model suggests emplacement of two dikes: a smaller dike located beneath the eruptive fissure and a second, deeper dike between 1 and 5&nbsp;km below sea level that opened ~2&nbsp;m. The rise and eruption of magma from the shallower dike did not interrupt the pressurization of a long-lasting deeper reservoir (~6&nbsp;km) that induced continuous inflation and intense deformation of the eastern flank. Shortly after the intrusion, on 26 December 2018, a<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub><i>L</i></sub>4.8 earthquake occurred near Pisano, destroying buildings and roads in two villages. We propose a time-dependent intrusion model that supports the hypothesis of the inflation inducing flank deformation and that this process has been active since September 2018.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GC009218","usgsCitation":"Mattia, M., Bruno, V., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., Patane, D., Barberi, G., and Coltelli, M., 2020, Combined seismic and geodetic analysis before, during and after the 2018 Mt. Etna eruption: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 21, no. 9, e2020GC009218, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009218.","productDescription":"e2020GC009218, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120615","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c062e7d2be0417db084e3dbbc83effc","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Etna","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              14.75189208984375,\n              37.58485404085001\n            ],\n            [\n              15.233917236328125,\n              37.58485404085001\n            ],\n            [\n              15.233917236328125,\n              37.9192844858339\n            ],\n            [\n              14.75189208984375,\n              37.9192844858339\n            ],\n            [\n              14.75189208984375,\n              37.58485404085001\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattia, M.","contributorId":261721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattia","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":52967,"text":"IGNV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruno, V.","contributorId":261722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruno","given":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. 0000-0001-6787-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2055","contributorId":214074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patane, D.","contributorId":261723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patane","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barberi, G.","contributorId":261724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barberi","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coltelli, M.","contributorId":261725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coltelli","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70218497,"text":"70218497 - 2020 - Coarse sediment dynamics in a large glaciated river system: Holocene history and storage dynamics dictate contemporary climate sensitivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-08T12:38:47.66941","indexId":"70218497","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-31T07:06:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coarse sediment dynamics in a large glaciated river system: Holocene history and storage dynamics dictate contemporary climate sensitivity","docAbstract":"<p>The gravel-bedded White River drains a 1279 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>basin in Washington State, with lowlands sculpted by continental glaciation and headwaters on an actively glaciated stratovolcano. Chronic aggradation along an alluvial fan near the river’s mouth has progressively reduced flood conveyance. In order to better understand how forecasted climate change may influence coarse sediment delivery and aggradation rates in this lowland depositional setting, we assessed the contemporary delivery and routing of coarse sediment through the watershed; this assessment was based on a rich set of topographic, sedimentologic, and hydrologic data from the past century, with a focus on repeat high-resolution topographic surveys from the past decade.</p><p>We found that most of the lower river’s contemporary bed-load flux originates from persistent erosion of alluvial deposits in the lower watershed. This erosion is a response to a drop in local base level caused by a major avulsion across the fan in 1906 and then augmented by subsequent dredging. The 1906 avulsion and modern disequilibrium valley profiles reflect landscape conditioning by continental glaciation and a massive mid-Holocene lahar. In the proglacial headwaters, infrequent large sediment pulses have accomplished most of the observed coarse sediment export, with exported material blanketing downstream valley floors; during typical floods, transported bed material is largely sourced from erosion of these valley floor deposits. Throughout the watershed, we observe decadal-scale coarse sediment dynamics strongly related to the filling or emptying of valley-scale sediment storage over 10<sup>2</sup>−10<sup>4</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr time scales, often in response to major disturbances that either emplace large deposits or influence their redistribution. Paraglacial responses in large watersheds are suggested to be inherently complicated and punctuated as a result of internal landform interactions and stochastic/threshold-dependent events. We argue, in combination, that Holocene disturbance, storage dynamics, and human flow modification make coarse sediment fluxes in the lower White River relatively insensitive to decadal climate variability. Results highlight the degree to which river sensitivity to contemporary disturbance, climatic or otherwise, may be contingent on local and idiosyncratic watershed histories, underscoring the need to unpack those histories while demonstrating the utility of watershed-scale high-resolution topography toward that end.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35530.1","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.W., and Jaeger, K.L., 2020, Coarse sediment dynamics in a large glaciated river system: Holocene history and storage dynamics dictate contemporary climate sensitivity: Geological Society of America Bulletin, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/B35530.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106664","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HT46KB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Supporting Data for Sediment Studies in the White River Watershed"},{"id":383708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"White River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.68981933593749,\n              46.72856582519053\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.58843994140625,\n              46.72856582519053\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.58843994140625,\n              47.31648293428332\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.68981933593749,\n              47.31648293428332\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.68981933593749,\n              46.72856582519053\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Scott W. 0000-0003-1678-5204 swanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-5204","contributorId":196687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"swanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaeger, Kristin L. 0000-0002-1209-8506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-8506","contributorId":206935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Kristin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70212830,"text":"70212830 - 2020 - Investigating apparent misalignment of predator-prey dynamics: Great Lakes lake trout and sea lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T12:59:48.097407","indexId":"70212830","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-29T07:56:56","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigating apparent misalignment of predator-prey dynamics: Great Lakes lake trout and sea lampreys","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abs0015\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"abst0015\"><p id=\"spar0075\">Interpreting ecological dynamics is challenging when observed patterns are not aligned with presumed models. Investigating possible sources of uncertainty is critical to understand the underlying system and ultimately inform management decisions. In this study, we used simulation to investigate the hypothesis that observed inconsistencies in Great Lakes lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) and sea lamprey (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) predator-prey dynamics were caused by measurement error in the abundance and predation metrics. When lake trout abundances increase and sea lamprey abundances decrease, predation rates are expected to decline (and vice versa). Occasionally predation rates do not change as expected, leading to an inconsistency in expected predator-prey dynamics. We used a Type II functional response model to align lake trout relative abundance, adult sea lamprey abundance, and sea lamprey marking rates of lake trout in each Great Lake. Then we added measurement error to each of the simulated metrics to see how it contributed to observed inconsistencies in the marking rates. The simulated inconsistency rate was far less than the observed inconsistency rate in Lakes Superior and Erie, indicating that measurement error was not primarily responsible for the misalignment of metrics, contrary to our hypothesis. Rather than ignoring these inconsistencies as unfortunate consequences of imperfect assessments, we recommend that future inconsistencies be scrutinized for possible mechanistic explanations. We suspect that predator-prey dynamics are being influenced by spatially structured within-lake components and the presence of alternative hosts, neither of which were accounted for in the functional response model we used.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105734","usgsCitation":"Adams, J.V., Jones, M., and Bence, J., 2020, Investigating apparent misalignment of predator-prey dynamics: Great Lakes lake trout and sea lampreys: Fisheries Research, v. 232, 105734, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105734.","productDescription":"105734, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119038","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.59277343749999,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.76171875,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.76171875,\n              49.23912083246698\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.59277343749999,\n              49.23912083246698\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.59277343749999,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"232","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70216697,"text":"70216697 - 2020 - Permafrost hydrogeology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T13:39:38.019573","indexId":"70216697","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-29T07:38:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Permafrost hydrogeology","docAbstract":"<p id=\"Par3\" class=\"Para\">Groundwater processes are often overlooked in permafrost environments, but subsurface storage and routing can strongly influence water and biogeochemical cycling in northern catchments. Groundwater flow in permafrost regions is controlled by the temporal and spatial distribution of frozen ground, causing the hydrogeologic framework to be temperature-dependent. Most flow occurs in geologic units above the permafrost table (supra-permafrost aquifers) or below the permafrost base (sub-permafrost aquifers). In the context of climate change, thawing permafrost is altering groundwater flowpaths and thereby inducing positive trends in river baseflow in many discontinuous permafrost basins. Activated groundwater systems can provide new conduits for flushing Arctic basins and transporting nutrients to basin outlets. The thermal and hydraulic physics that govern groundwater flow in permafrost regions are strongly coupled and more complex than those in non-permafrost settings. Recent research activity in permafrost hydrogeological modeling has resulted in several mainstream groundwater models (e.g., SUTRA, FEFLOW, HYDRUS) offering users advanced capabilities for simulating processes in aquifers that experience dynamic freeze-thaw. This chapter relies on field examples to review key processes and conditions that control groundwater dynamics in permafrost settings and presents an up-to-date synthesis of the mathematical representation of heat transfer and groundwater flow in northern landscapes.</p><div id=\"cobranding-and-download-availability-text\" class=\"note test-pdf-link\"><br></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic hydrology, permafrost and ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-50930-9_17","usgsCitation":"Kurylyk, B.L., and Walvoord, M.A., 2020, Permafrost hydrogeology, chap. <i>of</i> Arctic hydrology, permafrost and ecosystems, p. 493-523, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50930-9_17.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"523","ipdsId":"IP-095432","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurylyk, Barret L.","contributorId":176296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"Barret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70212813,"text":"cir1467 - 2020 - Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center—2019 annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T12:22:20.693366","indexId":"cir1467","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1467","displayTitle":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center—2019 Annual Report","title":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center—2019 annual report","docAbstract":"<p>The 2019 annual report of the U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center highlights accomplishments of 2019, includes a list of 2019 publications, and summarizes the work of the center, as well as the work of each of its science groups. This product allows readers to gain a general understanding of the focus areas of the center’s scientific research and learn more about specific projects and progress made throughout 2019, all while enjoying interesting photographs taken in various environments and laboratories, and applicable maps and figures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1467","usgsCitation":"Ernst, S., 2020, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center—2019 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1467, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1467.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-117142","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1467/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":377981,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1467/cir1467.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1467"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:WHSC_science_director@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:WHSC_science_director@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc\">Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>384 Woods Hole Road<br>Quissett Campus<br>Woods Hole, MA 02543–1598<br></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Coastal and Marine Science Based in Woods Hole, Massachusetts</li><li>Coastal and Shelf Geology</li><li>Sediment Transport</li><li>Energy and Geohazards</li><li>Environmental Geoscience</li><li>Sea-Floor Mapping</li><li>Information Science</li><li>2019 Publications</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-08-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ernst, Sara 0000-0001-7825-3209","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-3209","contributorId":219205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ernst","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70206398,"text":"sir20195130 - 2020 - Use of boosted regression trees to quantify cumulative instream flow resulting from curtailment of irrigation in the Sprague River basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T12:30:21.007926","indexId":"sir20195130","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T09:28:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5130","displayTitle":"Use of Boosted Regression Trees to Quantify Cumulative Instream Flow Resulting from Curtailment of Irrigation in the Sprague River Basin, Oregon","title":"Use of boosted regression trees to quantify cumulative instream flow resulting from curtailment of irrigation in the Sprague River basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"A boosted regression trees (BRT) approach was used to estimate the amount by which streamflow is increased when irrigation is regulated (curtailed) upstream of a streamgage on the Sprague River in southern-central Oregon. The BRT approach differs from most other approaches that require baseline conditions for comparison, where those baseline conditions are determined from past observations by searching for hydrologically similar years when irrigation was not regulated. Such baseline conditions are always imperfect estimates of the true baseline conditions. The BRT approach instead estimates unique baseline conditions for any year in which irrigation is regulated by calculating the baseline condition based on measurements of precipitation and weather observations that determine evapotranspiration, and other measurements that are proxies for the effects of climate and regional groundwater pumping on water-table elevation, using a model that has been trained in years of no regulation. The amount by which streamflow is increased by regulation is then calculated by subtracting the estimated baseline conditions from the measured streamflow. The approach is challenged by the fact that the streamflow increase may be a small fraction of the total streamflow; nonetheless, during 2 years in which regulation was started early and was implemented consistently through the season, the increased flow made up about one third of the flow past the streamgage during the regulation period. An advantage of this approach is that with rigorous model testing with holdout data, the threshold for detecting streamflow increase and intervals around the estimates of increase at a desired level of confidence can be quantified. The model relies on datasets that are readily available and updated continuously and therefore can be used operationally to inform resource management.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation<br />(Interagency Agreement R16PG00120)","usgsCitation":"Wood, T.M., 2019, Use of boosted regression trees to quantify cumulative instream flow resulting from curtailment of irrigation in the Sprague River basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5130, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195130.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-100543","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377906,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5130/sir20195130.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5130"},{"id":377905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5130/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Sprague River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.69628906249999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.69628906249999,\n              44.008620115415354\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              44.008620115415354\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_or@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_or@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/or-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/or-water\">Oregon Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>2130 SW 5th Avenue<br>Portland, Oregon 97201</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Use Of Boosted Regression Trees To Model Streamflow</li><li>Data Used To Develop Sprague River Discharge Boosted Regression Trees Model</li><li>Building And Evaluating The Sprague River Discharge Boosted Regression Trees Model</li><li>Using The Boosted Regression Trees Model To Quantify Cumulative Instream</li><li>Flow Resulting From Curtailment Of Irrigation</li><li>Conclusion</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-08-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70212844,"text":"70212844 - 2020 - Coming of age: Morphometric variation in the hand skeletons of juvenile and adult Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T20:48:59.393615","indexId":"70212844","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T09:06:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Coming of age: Morphometric variation in the hand skeletons of juvenile and adult Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: <i>Tupaia minor</i> Günther, 1876)","title":"Coming of age: Morphometric variation in the hand skeletons of juvenile and adult Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)","docAbstract":"Morphometric analyses of the manus skeleton have proven useful in understanding species limits and morphological divergence among tupaiid treeshrews (Scandentia: Tupaiidae).  Specimens in these studies are typically limited to mature individuals with fully erupted permanent dentition, which eliminates potentially confounding variation attributable to age, but can also exclude rare taxa and small island populations that are poorly represented in systematic collections.  To determine the real limits associated with including immature animals in such studies, we used multivariate analyses to study sexual and age variation of the manus skeleton within two allopatric populations of the Lesser Treeshrew (Tupaia minor Günther, 1876) from the Malay Peninsula and from Borneo that we treated as separate samples. Individuals were aged using dental eruption of the permanent dentition. We also recorded the degree of epiphyseal fusion of the bones of the manus based on x-rays of study skins.  We then tested our ability to distinguish the two populations using a series of discriminant function analyses of hand measurements from samples that included varying proportions of immature individuals and adults.  We found no evidence of sexual dimorphism in hand proportions, permitting us to combine females and males in our samples.  Epiphyseal fusion of the metacarpals and phalanges typically occurs by the time the third molars have completely erupted, and fusion of the distal epiphyses of the radius and ulna typically occurs by the time the permanent fourth premolars are in place.  There is occasional asynchrony between dental age and epiphyseal fusion.  In both populations, the hands of most infants and subadults provide morphometric values within the range of variation of adults, although they are typically distributed in the lower part of the adult range and have the potential to bias the sample toward lower mean size.  The inclusion of infants and subadults when attempting to discriminate between two taxa generally results in lower rates of correct classifications, although the rates increase as the sample of immature individuals is limited to older subadults.  As a general rule, we recommend that infants and subadults continue to be excluded from analyses when exploring taxonomic boundaries among treeshrews.  In cases of extremely small sample sizes of adults, however, older subadults—in which the permanent third premolars are erupting or in place—can be used with appropriate caution.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaa056","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., Miller-Murthy, A., Olson, L.E., and Sargis, E.J., 2020, Coming of age: Morphometric variation in the hand skeletons of juvenile and adult Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 101, no. 4, p. 1151-1164, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa056.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1151","endPage":"1164","ipdsId":"IP-118103","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller-Murthy, Ananth","contributorId":239693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller-Murthy","given":"Ananth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37550,"text":"Yale University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Link E. 0000-0002-2481-5701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-5701","contributorId":203887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Link","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36743,"text":"University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargis, Eric J. 0000-0003-0424-3803","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-3803","contributorId":203885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sargis","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36741,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208277, New Haven, CT 06520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70224303,"text":"70224303 - 2020 - Using paleo-archives to safeguard biodiversity under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T12:59:13.048095","indexId":"70224303","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T07:57:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using paleo-archives to safeguard biodiversity under climate change","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\"><div class=\"core-container\"><div>Strategies for 21st-century environmental management and conservation under global change require a strong understanding of the biological mechanisms that mediate responses to climate- and human-driven change to successfully mitigate range contractions, extinctions, and the degradation of ecosystem services. Biodiversity responses to past rapid warming events can be followed in situ and over extended periods, using cross-disciplinary approaches that provide cost-effective and scalable information for species’ conservation and the maintenance of resilient ecosystems in many bioregions. Beyond the intrinsic knowledge gain such integrative research will increasingly provide the context, tools, and relevant case studies to assist in mitigating climate-driven biodiversity losses in the 21st century and beyond.</div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Science","doi":"10.1126/science.abc5654","usgsCitation":"Fordham, D.A., Jackson, S., Brown, S.C., Huntley, B., Brook, B.W., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gilbert, M.T., Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Svensson, A., Theodoridis, S., Wilmshurst, J.M., Buettel, J.C., Canteri, E., McDowell, M., Orlando, L., Pilowsky, J., Rahbek, C., and Nogues-Bravo, D., 2020, Using paleo-archives to safeguard biodiversity under climate change: Science, v. 369, no. 6507, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc5654.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119046","costCenters":[{"id":41166,"text":"Southwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/98db5a5f-8b1d-44fd-a9d3-12d682c5e5d0","text":"External Repository"},{"id":389541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"369","issue":"6507","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fordham, Damien A.","contributorId":209655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fordham","given":"Damien","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37953,"text":"The University of Adelaide","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, Stephen 0000-0002-1487-4652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1487-4652","contributorId":219995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Stuart C.","contributorId":265866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36897,"text":"University of Adelaide","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huntley, Brian","contributorId":209671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntley","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37954,"text":"University of Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brook, Barry W.","contributorId":265867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brook","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16141,"text":"University of Tasmania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe","contributorId":198811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahl-Jensen","given":"Dorthe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gilbert, M. Thomas P.","contributorId":145677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas P.","affiliations":[{"id":16185,"text":"Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.","contributorId":209685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"Bette","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6648,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Svensson, Anders","contributorId":265868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Svensson","given":"Anders","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12672,"text":"University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Theodoridis, Spyros","contributorId":265869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Theodoridis","given":"Spyros","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12672,"text":"University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilmshurst, Janet M.","contributorId":207235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilmshurst","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37490,"text":"University of Aukland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Buettel, Jessie C.","contributorId":265870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buettel","given":"Jessie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16141,"text":"University of Tasmania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Canteri, Elisabetta","contributorId":265871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canteri","given":"Elisabetta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54811,"text":"University of Adelaide; University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McDowell, Matthew","contributorId":265872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16141,"text":"University of Tasmania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Orlando, Ludovic","contributorId":265873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orlando","given":"Ludovic","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54812,"text":"University of Copenhagen, Université de Toulouse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pilowsky, Julia","contributorId":265874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilowsky","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54811,"text":"University of Adelaide; University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rahbek, Carsten","contributorId":265875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahbek","given":"Carsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54813,"text":"University of Copenhagen, Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Nogues-Bravo, David","contributorId":265876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nogues-Bravo","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":12672,"text":"University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70220558,"text":"70220558 - 2020 - Calibrating environmental DNA metabarcoding to conventional surveys for measuring fish species richness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T12:12:02.045569","indexId":"70220558","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T07:53:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calibrating environmental DNA metabarcoding to conventional surveys for measuring fish species richness","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability to properly identify species present in a landscape is foundational to ecology and essential for natural resource management and conservation. However, many species are often unaccounted for due to ineffective direct capture and visual surveys, especially in aquatic environments. Environmental DNA metabarcoding is an approach that overcomes low detection probabilities and should consequently enhance estimates of biodiversity and its proxy, species richness. Here, we synthesize 37 studies in natural aquatic systems to compare species richness estimates for bony fish between eDNA metabarcoding and conventional methods, such as nets, visual census, and electrofishing. In freshwater systems with fewer than 100 species, we found eDNA metabarcoding detected more species than conventional methods. Using multiple genetic markers further increased species richness estimates with eDNA metabarcoding. For more diverse freshwater systems and across marine systems, eDNA metabarcoding reported similar values of species richness to conventional methods; however, more studies are needed in these environments to better evaluate relative performance. In systems with greater biodiversity, eDNA metabarcoding will require more populated reference databases, increased sampling effort, and multi-marker assays to ensure robust species richness estimates to further validate the approach. eDNA metabarcoding is reliable and provides a path for broader biodiversity assessments that can outperform conventional methods for estimating species richness.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2020.00276","usgsCitation":"McElroy, M.E., Dressler, T.L., Titcomb, G.C., Wilson, E.A., Deiner, K., Dudley, T.L., Eliason, E.J., Evans, N.T., Gaines, S., Lafferty, K.D., Lamberti, G.A., Li, Y., Lodge, D.M., Love, M.S., Mahon, A.R., Pfrender, M.E., Renshaw, M.A., Selkoe, K., and Jerde, C.L., 2020, Calibrating environmental DNA metabarcoding to conventional surveys for measuring fish species richness: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, 276, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00276.","productDescription":"276, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118871","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00276","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McElroy, Mary E","contributorId":258218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McElroy","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":52245,"text":"Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Marine Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dressler, Terra L","contributorId":240830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dressler","given":"Terra","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":48145,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Titcomb, Georgia C","contributorId":258219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Titcomb","given":"Georgia","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":52246,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, Emily A","contributorId":258220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":52247,"text":"Biology Department, Bakersfield College, Bakersfield, CA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deiner, Kristy","contributorId":176866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deiner","given":"Kristy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dudley, Tom L.","contributorId":177792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudley","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eliason, Erika J.","contributorId":176524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eliason","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Evans, Nathan T","contributorId":258221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":52248,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Wilmington, IL, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gaines, Steven D","contributorId":258222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaines","given":"Steven D","affiliations":[{"id":52249,"text":"Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lamberti, Gary A","contributorId":258223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamberti","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":52250,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Li, Yiyuan","contributorId":258224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yiyuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52251,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lodge, David M.","contributorId":76622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lodge","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16905,"text":"University of Notre Dame, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Love, Milton S.","contributorId":178505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Love","given":"Milton","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mahon, Andrew R.","contributorId":210300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahon","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pfrender, Michael E","contributorId":258225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfrender","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":52250,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Renshaw, Mark A","contributorId":256929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renshaw","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":51903,"text":"Oceanic Institute of Hawai'i Pacific University, Waimanalo, Hawai'i, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Selkoe, Kimberly A","contributorId":258226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selkoe","given":"Kimberly A","affiliations":[{"id":52254,"text":"National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Jerde, Christopher L. 0000-0002-8074-3466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-3466","contributorId":210301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jerde","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
]}