At the present, water use in the Anchorage area amounts to about 21 mgd (million gallons per day); of this amount ground water accounts for about 10 mgd. By 1980, 60 mgd may be required to meet the demand.
The greatest potential problem is overpumping the ground-water reservoir resulting in excessive declines in water levels, which, in turn, might lead to salt-water intrusion. A well-laid plan for conjunctive use of surface and ground water seems to be the most promising means of supplying the expected need of 60 mgd, and of preventing saltwater intrusion of the aquifers.
Total inflow into the Anchorage hydrologic system amounts to about 180 mgd. Of this amount Ship and South Fork Campbell Creeks contribute about 130 mgd, North Fork Campbell Creek and other streams contribute an estimated 24 mgd, and precipitation and ground-water inflow contribute an estimated 26 mgd.
Of the total outflow, which must be equivalent to the inflow, Ship and Chester Creeks contribute about 94 mgd, Campbell Creek about 25 mgd, and ground-water pumpage contributes an assumed amount of approximately 10 mgd. The difference of 50 mgd between inflow and outflow presumably is accounted for; by submarine discharge beneath Cook Inlet and evapotranspiration.
Surface and subsurface storage of excess stream discharge during periods of high flow can overcome the problem of water shortages during periods of greatest demand. Surface storage can be accomplished by construction of an additional dam on Ship Creek. Natural ground-water storage can be supplemented by spreading techniques to increase the amount of ground-water recharge. Additional recharge can be provided by returning air-conditioning water to the aquifer through recharge wells. Recharge along the coastline would be a means of maintaining a fresh-water barrier against salt-water intrusion.
The area with the greatest potential for ground-water development is along Ship Creek east and north of Mountain View. The alluvial fan east of Mountain View seems favorable for installation of deep wells; and withdrawal of ground water in this area is not likely to result in salt-water intrusion. Similar favorable conditions exist in the alluvial fan areas of North and South Forks Campbell Creek. Infiltration galleries in alluvial deposits along Ship Creek are a relatively inexpensive and convenient means of withdrawing water.
To plan for orderly and economical development of the Anchorage area's water resources, geologic and hydrologic studies are needed. An expanded network of stream-gaging stations and observation wells is needed. Deep wells near the coastline are needed to monitor any changes in chemical quality of ground water that would indicate impending salt-water intrusion. Borehole geophysical studies and pumping tests are needed to define the boundaries and hydraulic characteristics of the aquifers. The primary goal of these and other supplementing studies would be to provide the information needed to construct an electric-analog model of the Anchorage hydrologic system. Such a model would provide a means of assessing quantitatively alternative methods of water development.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr65151","usgsCitation":"Sommers, D.A., and Marcher, M.V., 1965, Water resources appraisal of the Anchorage area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-151, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65151.","productDescription":"34 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177656,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0151/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Anchorage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.0148756092472,\n 61.267767521656054\n ],\n [\n -150.0148756092472,\n 61.119542274353336\n ],\n [\n -149.69627209362233,\n 61.119542274353336\n ],\n [\n -149.69627209362233,\n 61.267767521656054\n ],\n [\n -150.0148756092472,\n 61.267767521656054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a03e4b07f02db5f8302","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sommers, David A.","contributorId":96761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sommers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcher, Melvin V.","contributorId":11590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcher","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52504,"text":"ofr65152 - 1965 - Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52504,"text":"ofr65152 - 1965 - Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio","indexId":"ofr65152","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38757,"text":"pp605A - 1968 - Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","indexId":"pp605A","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38757,"text":"pp605A - 1968 - Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","indexId":"pp605A","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65152","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-152","title":"Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65152","usgsCitation":"Spieker, A.M., 1965, Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-152, 121 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65152.","productDescription":"121 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628c07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spieker, A. M.","contributorId":22824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spieker","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52505,"text":"ofr65153 - 1965 - Preliminary report on investigation of salt springs and seeps in a portion of the Permian Basin in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T16:49:47","indexId":"ofr65153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-153","title":"Preliminary report on investigation of salt springs and seeps in a portion of the Permian Basin in Texas","docAbstract":"The Permian Basin (fig. 1) comprises a large area in the southern midcontinent region and includes major portions of Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Within this basin brine springs and seeps discharge more than 20,000 tons per day of sodium chloride (common table salt). This brine contaminates many streams greatly impairing the utility of their waters. The water in some streams is of such poor quality it cannot be used for municipal and industrial purposes and for irrigation. Nor is the problem limited to the Permian Basin. The contaminated streams leaving the Permian Basin bring salty water to downstream areas of Arkansas and Louisiana, as well as to other parts of Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas. In no comparable area of the interior United States are natural sources of salt water so widespread or deleterious to the fresh water supply of so large a segment of the nation's population and industry.
The Brazos River traverses the eastern part of the Permian Basin, and is potentially one of the principal sources of water in Texas. It carries an average daily load of 1,650 tons of sodium chloride (common table salt) into Possum Kingdom Reservoir, about 110 miles west of Dallas. More than 85 percent of this salt is contributed by the Salt Fork Brazos River, and more than one-half originates from Springs and seeps in Croton and Salt Croton Creeks, tributaries to the Salt Fork Brazos River. The undesirably high chloride content of the water impounded in Possum Kingdom Reservoir limits the utility of this water, although it is used for irrigation and by some industries.
Understanding of the origin and hydrology of the natural brine is fundamental to consideration of engineering measures to control the flow of salt water to streams, or to general plans to alleviate the situation in any way that includes altering the brine-discharge system.
Previous investigations of natural brine features have been directed toward describing the local details of individual problem areas. Thus the occurrence of brine features has been described strictly in terms of the local environment. The origin and discharge of brine have been ascribed invariably to local sources and to local hydraulic controls. The case for local origin of the brine has been stated by Ward and Leonard (1961). According to their hypothesis brines evolve in the circulation of ground water in local hydraulic systems which feature the following conditions: (a) halite deposits or halite-bearing rocks at relatively shallow depth; (b) ground water that circulates to the halite-bearing zones; and (c) a local topographically low area where the water can emerge as a mineral spring.
An alternate hypothesis (Greenman and Stevens, 1963) is that the salt springs originate as outcrops of a regional body of brine and that the primary factors determining their distribution are regional hydrologic controls, such as physiography, geology, and climate. The precise location of springs, the nature and amount of discharge, as well as their salinity, depend on secondary hydrologic factors, such as local geologic conditions, local topography that governs the movement of the overlying fresh water, and the hydrologic environment in the vicinity of the springs, which determines the amount of mixing of the brine and the fresh water at each locality. In general, the brine is a water body separate and distinct from the overlying fresh water. The salinity of individual springs is determined by the amount of mixing of the brine with the fresh water not by solution of salt-bearing materials in local hydraulic systems. The geographic zone in which all of the brine springs and seeps occur is determined by regional topographic and perhaps climatic conditions. If the regional hypothesis is true, remedial measures must take into account a set of hydraulic and hydrologic circumstances that is fundamentally different from that postulated previously.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr65153","usgsCitation":"Stevens, P.R., and Hardt, W.F., 1965, Preliminary report on investigation of salt springs and seeps in a portion of the Permian Basin in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-153, Document: 19 p.; 5 Plates: 25.85 x 12.59 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65153.","productDescription":"Document: 19 p.; 5 Plates: 25.85 x 12.59 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86930,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86931,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86932,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86933,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86934,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86935,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6680cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, P. R.","contributorId":90289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardt, W. F.","contributorId":12455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardt","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52506,"text":"ofr65155 - 1965 - Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas river in Muskogee County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65155","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-155","title":"Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas river in Muskogee County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The data in this report were collected during the period 1958-64 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, as part of a comprehensive study of the ground-water resources of the alluvium along the Arkansas and Verdigris Rivers between Moffett and Catoosa, Oklahoma (fig. 1). The purpose of this report is to make the hydrologic data obtained during the study of ground water in the alluvium along the Arkansas River in Muskogee County readily available to the public. The data in this report should be useful in predicting geologic and hydrologic conditions when drilling new wells. Table 1 gives information on the sizes, depths, yields, and other characteristics of wells in the area. The table also provides a key to the additional information for each well site given in tables 2 through 6. Table 2 gives logs for the materials penetrated at test holes and wells in the report area; table 3 gives depths to water measured in wells; table 4 includes chemical analyses of water from wells; table 5 gives laboratory determinations of particle-size distribution of earth samples collected from test holes and wells; and table 6 gives coefficients of permeability and other hydrologic properties of earth samples from the selected test holes. Similar data for Sequoyah County, LeFlore-Haskell Counties, and Wagoner-Rogers Counties are available in other open-file reports.\r\nAn interpretive report, 'Hydrology of the alluvium of the Arkansas River, Muskogee, Oklahoma, to Fort Smith, Arkansas,' by Harry H. Tanaka and Jerrald R. Hollowell will be published as U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1809-T.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65155","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, H., Hart, D., and Knott, R., 1965, Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas river in Muskogee County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-155, 287 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65155.","productDescription":"287 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, H.H.","contributorId":30610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, D.L. Jr.","contributorId":49403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"D.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knott, R.K.","contributorId":102484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52507,"text":"ofr65156 - 1965 - Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Verdigris River in Wagoner and Rogers Counties, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-07T14:45:55","indexId":"ofr65156","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-156","title":"Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Verdigris River in Wagoner and Rogers Counties, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The data in this report were collected during the period 1958-64 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, as part of a comprehensive study of the ground-water resources of the alluvium along the Arkansas and Verdigris Rivers between Moffett and Catoosa, Oklahoma (fig. 1). The purpose of this report is to make the hydrologic data obtained during the study of ground water in the alluvium along the Verdigris River in Wagoner and Rogers Counties readily available to the public. The data in this report should be useful in predicting geologic and hydrologic conditions when drilling new wells. Table 1 gives information on the sizes, depths, yields, and other characteristics of wells in the area. The table also provides a key to the additional information for each well site given in tables 2 through 6. Table 2 gives logs for the materials penetrated at test holes and wells in the report area; table 3 gives depths to water measured in wells; table 4 includes chemical analyses of water from wells; table 5 gives laboratory determinations of particle-size distribution of earth samples collected from test holes and wells; and table 6 gives coefficients of permeability and other hydrologic properties of earth samples from the selected test holes. Similar data for Sequoyah County, LeFlore-Haskell Counties, and Muskogee County are available in other open-file reports.
An interpretive report, 'Hydrology of the alluvium of the Arkansas River, Muskogee, Oklahoma, to Fort Smith, Arkansas,' by Harry H. Tanaka and Jerrald R. Hollowell will be published as U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1809-T.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr65156","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, H., Hart, D., and Knott, R., 1965, Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Verdigris River in Wagoner and Rogers Counties, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-156, 411 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65156.","productDescription":"411 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":344617,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0156/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0156/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Rogers County, Wagoner County","otherGeospatial":"Verdigris River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.64079284667969,\n 36.42570252039198\n ],\n [\n -95.712890625,\n 36.42791246440695\n ],\n [\n -95.77056884765625,\n 36.41244153535644\n ],\n [\n -95.80490112304686,\n 36.39033486213649\n ],\n [\n -95.81451416015625,\n 36.29741818650811\n ],\n [\n -95.78292846679688,\n 36.21214722153981\n ],\n [\n -95.73143005371094,\n 36.14120185826493\n ],\n [\n -95.62431335449219,\n 36.01244975266108\n ],\n [\n -95.53916931152344,\n 35.89850641726091\n ],\n [\n -95.4437255859375,\n 35.811131416437966\n ],\n [\n -95.3118896484375,\n 35.77771427205079\n ],\n [\n -95.25970458984374,\n 35.84230806912384\n ],\n [\n -95.262451171875,\n 35.90017506551962\n ],\n [\n -95.39978027343749,\n 35.96244608979167\n ],\n [\n -95.47393798828125,\n 36.03577394783581\n ],\n [\n -95.52474975585936,\n 36.13787471840729\n ],\n [\n -95.56800842285156,\n 36.2243344853143\n ],\n [\n -95.5975341796875,\n 36.262545859065625\n ],\n [\n -95.62431335449219,\n 36.288009728233895\n ],\n [\n -95.63941955566406,\n 36.33946565299958\n ],\n [\n -95.62637329101562,\n 36.37264499608118\n ],\n [\n -95.62843322753906,\n 36.40249431065168\n ],\n [\n -95.64079284667969,\n 36.42570252039198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, H.H.","contributorId":30610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, D.L. Jr.","contributorId":49403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"D.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knott, R.K.","contributorId":102484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52508,"text":"ofr65157 - 1965 - Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-157","title":"Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The data in this report were collected during the period 1958-64 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, as part of a comprehensive study of the ground-water resources of the alluvium along the Arkansas and Verdigris Rivers between Moffett and Catoosa, Oklahoma (fig. 1). The purpose of this report is to make the hydrologic data obtained during the study of ground water in the alluvium along the Arkansas River in Sequoyah County readily available to the public. The data in this report should be useful in predicting geologic and hydrologic conditions when drilling new wells. Table 1 gives information on the sizes, depths, yields, and other characteristics of wells in the area. The table also provides a key to the additional information for each well site given in tables 2 through 6. Table 2 gives logs for the materials penetrated at test holes and wells in the report area; table 3 gives depths to water measured in wells; table 4 includes chemical analyses of water from wells; table 5 gives laboratory determinations of particle-size distribution of earth samples collected from test holes and wells; and table 6 gives coefficients of permeability and other hydrologic properties of earth samples from the selected test holes. Similar data for LeFlore-Haskell Counties, Muskogee County, and Wagoner-Rogers Counties are available in other open-file reports.\r\nAn interpretive report, 'Hydrology of the alluvium of the Arkansas River, Muskogee, Oklahoma, to Fort Smith, Arkansas,' by Harry H. Tanaka and Jerrald R. Hollowell will be published as U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1809-T.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65157","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, H., Hart, D., and Knott, R., 1965, Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-157, 238 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65157.","productDescription":"238 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69958c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, H.H.","contributorId":30610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, D.L. Jr.","contributorId":49403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"D.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knott, R.K.","contributorId":102484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52509,"text":"ofr65158 - 1965 - Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in LeFlore and Haskell Counties, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65158","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-158","title":"Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in LeFlore and Haskell Counties, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The data in this report were collected during the period 1958-64 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, as part of a comprehensive study of the ground-water resources of the alluvium along the Arkansas and Verdigris Rivers between Moffett and Catoosa, Oklahoma (fig. 1). The purpose of this report is to make the hydrologic data obtained during the study of ground water in the alluvium along the Arkansas River in Le Flore and Haskell Counties readily available to the public. The data in this report should be useful in predicting geologic and hydrologic conditions when drilling new wells. Table 1 gives information on the sizes, depths, yields, and other characteristics of wells in the area. The table also provides a key to the additional information for each well site given in tables 2 through 6. Table 2 gives logs for the materials penetrated at test holes and wells in the report area; table 3 gives depths to water measured in wells; table 4 includes chemical analyses of water from wells; table 5 gives laboratory determinations of particle-size distribution of earth samples collected from test holes and wells; and table 6 gives coefficients of permeability and other hydrologic properties of earth samples from the selected test holes. Similar data for Sequoyah County, Muskogee County, and Wagoner-Rogers Counties are available in other open-file reports.\r\nAn interpretive report, 'Hydrology of the alluvium of the Arkansas River, Muskogee, Oklahoma, to Fort Smith, Arkansas,' by Harry H. Tanaka and Jerrald R. Hollowell will be published as U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1809-T.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65158","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, H., Hart, D., and Knott, R., 1965, Ground-water data of selected test holes and wells along the Arkansas River in LeFlore and Haskell Counties, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-158, 236 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65158.","productDescription":"236 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, H.H.","contributorId":30610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, D.L. Jr.","contributorId":49403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"D.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knott, R.K.","contributorId":102484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52510,"text":"ofr65159 - 1965 - Seepage losses in the San Jacinto River alluvial fan near Elsinore, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr65159","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-159","title":"Seepage losses in the San Jacinto River alluvial fan near Elsinore, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65159","usgsCitation":"Thompson, T.H., 1965, Seepage losses in the San Jacinto River alluvial fan near Elsinore, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-159, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65159.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb9db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, T. H.","contributorId":23927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52511,"text":"ofr65160 - 1965 - New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Central closed basins","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52511,"text":"ofr65160 - 1965 - New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Central closed basins","indexId":"ofr65160","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Central closed basins"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046983,"text":"70046983 - 1967 - Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use","indexId":"70046983","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046983,"text":"70046983 - 1967 - Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use","indexId":"70046983","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-15T13:40:34","indexId":"ofr65160","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-160","title":"New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Central closed basins","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65160","usgsCitation":"Titus, F., 1965, New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Central closed basins: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-160, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65160.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":100190,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0160/report.pdf","size":"27611","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0160/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6978c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Titus, F.B. Jr.","contributorId":20818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"F.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52512,"text":"ofr65161 - 1965 - New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Lower Colorado River basin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52512,"text":"ofr65161 - 1965 - New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Lower Colorado River basin","indexId":"ofr65161","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Lower Colorado River basin"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046983,"text":"70046983 - 1967 - Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use","indexId":"70046983","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046983,"text":"70046983 - 1967 - Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use","indexId":"70046983","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of New Mexico: occurrence, development, and use"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-15T13:43:14","indexId":"ofr65161","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-161","title":"New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Lower Colorado River basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65161","usgsCitation":"Trauger, F., 1965, New Mexico State Planning Office Report-Lower Colorado River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-161, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65161.","productDescription":"41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":100191,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0161/report.pdf","size":"19311","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0161/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6978d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trauger, F.D.","contributorId":102520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trauger","given":"F.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52513,"text":"ofr65169 - 1965 - Progress report on water studies in the Orange County coastal area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr65169","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-169","title":"Progress report on water studies in the Orange County coastal area, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65169","usgsCitation":"Wall, J.R., and Dutcher, L., 1965, Progress report on water studies in the Orange County coastal area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-169, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65169.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wall, J. R.","contributorId":59863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutcher, L.C.","contributorId":42191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutcher","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52514,"text":"ofr65170 - 1965 - Ground-water appraisal of the Big Walnut Creek basin above Little Walnut Creek and Big Walnut Creek reservoir site, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr65170","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-170","title":"Ground-water appraisal of the Big Walnut Creek basin above Little Walnut Creek and Big Walnut Creek reservoir site, Indiana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65170","usgsCitation":"Watkins, F., 1965, Ground-water appraisal of the Big Walnut Creek basin above Little Walnut Creek and Big Walnut Creek reservoir site, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-170, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65170.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watkins, F.A. Jr.","contributorId":20815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"F.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52515,"text":"ofr65172 - 1965 - A progress report and proposed test-well drilling program for the water-resources investigation of the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T20:03:23.129227","indexId":"ofr65172","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-172","title":"A progress report and proposed test-well drilling program for the water-resources investigation of the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr65172","usgsCitation":"Weir, J.E., Crippen, J., and Dutcher, L., 1965, A progress report and proposed test-well drilling program for the water-resources investigation of the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-172, Report: 121 p.; 5 Plates: 39.38 x 11.55 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65172.","productDescription":"Report: 121 p.; 5 Plates: 39.38 x 11.55 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":86941,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86940,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86939,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86938,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86937,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86936,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0172/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":110359,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52789.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52789"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.75,\n 35.3636\n ],\n [\n -118.75,\n 34.3714\n ],\n [\n -117.6194,\n 34.3714\n ],\n [\n -117.6194,\n 35.3636\n ],\n [\n -118.75,\n 35.3636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weir, J. E. Jr.","contributorId":102476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crippen, J. R.","contributorId":87985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crippen","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dutcher, L.C.","contributorId":42191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutcher","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52516,"text":"ofr65173 - 1965 - Ground-water inventory for 1963, Edwards Air Force Base, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-173","title":"Ground-water inventory for 1963, Edwards Air Force Base, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65173","usgsCitation":"Weir, J.E., 1965, Ground-water inventory for 1963, Edwards Air Force Base, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-173, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65173.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86942,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0173/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86943,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668c1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weir, J. E. Jr.","contributorId":102476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52517,"text":"ofr65176 - 1965 - Records of ground-water levels and effects of pumping in the Ardmore well-field area, Carter County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr65176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-176","title":"Records of ground-water levels and effects of pumping in the Ardmore well-field area, Carter County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to outline the results of work done by the U.S. Geological Survey in the Ardmore well-field area, near Newport, Carter County. The work, completed in two periods between April 1964 and June 1965, was done as part of the ground-water program carried out by the Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board.\r\nThe study in the report area included: (1) a physical inventory of wells in the vicinity of the Ardmore well field (fig. 1); (2) information on depths, perforated intervals, ground-water levels, and water use (table 1); (3) records of water-level fluctuations in deep and shallow wells (table 2) to determine if there is a hydraulic connection between the deep zones tapped by Ardmore's wells and the shallow and intermediate zones tapped by domestic and stock wells in the surrounding area; and (4) general information on the geologic and hydrologic features that may be of use in evaluating the ground-water potential of the Wichita Formation, the principal aquifer in the area.\r\n\r\n(available as photostat copy only)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr65176","usgsCitation":"Wood, P., 1965, Records of ground-water levels and effects of pumping in the Ardmore well-field area, Carter County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-176, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65176.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635746","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, P.R.","contributorId":102068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52518,"text":"ofr65177 - 1965 - Waterpower resources of Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-06T13:49:10","indexId":"ofr65177","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-177","title":"Waterpower resources of Idaho","docAbstract":"There are 46 developed waterpower projects having a total installed generating capacity of 1,472 megawatts (1 MW equals 1,000 kilowatts) in Idaho or on the State boundary line. When sites affecting two or more States are divided equally with the adjoining State, Idaho's allotment is 44 plants with an installed capacity of 1,025 megawatts. The gross theoretical capacity of the developed sites is 1,396 megawatts and of the undeveloped sites is 9,279 megawatts or a total of 10,675 megawatts. Power was computed for gross head, 100 percent efficiency, and average discharge. Grouped by magnitude of capability, there are 781 megawatts at 122 sites with individual capabilities of 1 to 4.99 megawatts, 2,744 megawatts at 120 sites with capabilities between 5 and 19.99 megawatts, and 7,150 megawatts at 63 sites with capabilities greater than 20 megawatts.
The Snake River and its tributaries drain about 87 percent of Idaho's total area and contain 94 percent of its potential waterpower. The greatest areal concentration of waterpower, except for isolated reaches of the Snake River, is in the Clearwater River basin with about 264 kilowatts of theoretical potential per square mile. The gross theoretical power of the Salmon River basin, 3,326 MW, is the greatest of all Idaho rivers including the main stem of the Snake River.
The first hydroelectric plant in Idaho was placed in operation in 1881. Waterpower has played an important part in the economy of Idaho since that time, and the State is in ninth place nationally in installed capacity of waterpower plants. Privately-owned plants produce 87.5 percent of the present average annual hydroelectric energy, and publicly-owned plants produce 12.5 percent. The principal producers are Idaho Power Company, Washington Water Power Company, Utah Power and Light Company, the Bureau of Reclamation, and the Corps of Army Engineers. The waterpower resources of Idaho are being actively developed at the present time and indications are that this active development rate will continue or accelerate.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr65177","usgsCitation":"Young, L., and Colbert, J.L., 1965, Waterpower resources of Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-177, 203 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr65177.","productDescription":"203 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0177/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":363535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0177/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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M.","contributorId":75138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52445,"text":"ofr6523 - 1965 - Base-flow relations for partial-record stations in New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr6523","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-23","title":"Base-flow relations for partial-record stations in New Jersey","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6523","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, T., Miller, E., and Ludlow, J., 1965, Base-flow relations for partial-record stations in New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-23, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6523.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649276","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, T.J.","contributorId":38559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, E.G.","contributorId":44132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludlow, J.M.","contributorId":65916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludlow","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52542,"text":"ofr6645 - 1965 - The operation and maintenance of a crest-stage gaging station","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-10T16:20:28","indexId":"ofr6645","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"66-45","title":"The operation and maintenance of a crest-stage gaging station","docAbstract":"The purpose of this manual is to familiarize field personnel with the procedures involved in operating crest-stage gaging stations. Crest-stage gages are used to determine the elevation of a peak stage occurring at a specific location in a stream.
\nA crest-stage gage consists of a length of 14-inch diameter pipe installed in a vertical position in the stream channel (figure 1). The pipe is vented and equipped with an intake system that allows water to enter and leave the pipe as the stream rises and recedes. An equal length of aluminum \"T\" channel (staff) is inserted in the pipe and made to rest on a positive stop called a datum pin. When granulated cork is placed in the gage, the cork will float on the rising stage, then adhere to the staff after the stage recedes. The peak stage is then determined by removing the staff and measuring the distance between the cork line and the lower end of the staff.
\nThe primary purpose of a crest-stage gaging station is to collect hydrologic data for flood-frequency analyses. Collection of data for such analyses involves operating a network of stations for a period of years until sufficient peak flow data are obtained to accurately define flood-frequency curves. Because carelessness in collecting data at the gage site might result in the loss of an entire year's flood event, the importance of proper operation and maintenance of these gages can not be overemphasized.
\nPeak discharges are related to the basin characteristics and major changes in these characteristics must be evaluated. For€st fires, timber harvest, or a new road location that alters the natural drainage of the basin, may effect the intensity and timing of the runoff of the basin.
\nRigid datum controls must be maintained at the gage site throughout the period of record. Physical changes of the site resulting from flood flows or manmade alterations must be evaluated. If a drainage structure such as a culvert is part of the site features, free-flow conditions must be maintained or obstructions carefully documented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr6645","usgsCitation":"Friday, J., 1965, The operation and maintenance of a crest-stage gaging station: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 66-45, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6645.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr6645.jpg"},{"id":324122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64935b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friday, John","contributorId":19160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friday","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52444,"text":"ofr6521 - 1965 - Hydrologic effects of ground-water pumping in northwest Hillsborough County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr6521","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-21","title":"Hydrologic effects of ground-water pumping in northwest Hillsborough County, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6521","usgsCitation":"Bredehoeft, J., Papadopulos, I., and Stewart, J.W., 1965, Hydrologic effects of ground-water pumping in northwest Hillsborough County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-21, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6521.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db606f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bredehoeft, J.D.","contributorId":12836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papadopulos, I.S.","contributorId":37379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papadopulos","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, J. W.","contributorId":72774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52443,"text":"ofr6519 - 1965 - Use of water by reparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona - A summary","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52443,"text":"ofr6519 - 1965 - Use of water by reparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona - A summary","indexId":"ofr6519","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Use of water by reparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona - A summary"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1050,"text":"wsp1858 - 1968 - Use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona","indexId":"wsp1858","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1050,"text":"wsp1858 - 1968 - Use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona","indexId":"wsp1858","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr6519","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-19","title":"Use of water by reparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona - A summary","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6519","usgsCitation":"Bowie, J., and Kam, W., 1965, Use of water by reparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona - A summary: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-19, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6519.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowie, J.E.","contributorId":72060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowie","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kam, William","contributorId":85159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kam","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52442,"text":"ofr6517 - 1965 - Southwest Oregon gravity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr6517","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"65-17","title":"Southwest Oregon gravity data","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6517","usgsCitation":"Blank, H.R., 1965, Southwest Oregon gravity data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 65-17, 1 p., 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6517.","productDescription":"1 p., 1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0017/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86876,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0017/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1965/0017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blank, H. 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