The scale and magnitude of urban heating are often assessed using Satellite-Derived Land Surface Temperature (SD-LST). Yet, discrepancies in spatial resolution limit SD-LST’s ability to reflect pedestrian thermal experience, potentially leading to ineffective mitigation strategies. Hyper-local measurements of urban heat, defined as surface temperatures (TS) at the scale of pedestrian activity (e.g., bus stops or street segments), may provide more accurate insights into thermal comfort. This study compares hyper-local ~0.01 m resolution TS collected via consumer-grade Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) thermography with resampled 30 m resolution SD-LST from Landsat 8 and 9 images to evaluate their utility in predicting thermal comfort indices across 60 bus stops in Denver, Colorado. During the summer of 2023, 270 FLIR measurements were collected over 19 dates, with a four-day subset (n = 33) coinciding with Landsat imagery. FLIR TS averaged 25.12 ± 5.39 °C, while SD-LST averaged 35.90 ± 12.56 °C, a significant 10.77 °C difference (95% CI: 6.81–14.73; p < 0.001). FLIR TS strongly correlated with biometeorological metrics such as air temperature and mean radiant temperature (r > 0.8; p < 0.001), while SD-LST correlations were weak (r < 0.3). Linear mixed-effects models using FLIR TS explained 50–66% of the variance in thermal comfort indices and met ISO 7726 standards. Each 1 °C increase in FLIR TS predicted a 0.75 °C rise in mean radiant temperature. These results highlight hyper-local thermography as a reliable, low-cost tool for urban heat resilience planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs18020348","usgsCitation":"Steinharter, L., Ibsen, P.C., deSouza, P., and McHale, M.R., 2026, The surface is not superficial: Utilizing hyper-local thermal photogrammetry for pedestrian thermal comfort inquiry: Remote Sensing, v. 18, no. 2, 348, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020348.","productDescription":"348, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183417","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020348","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.926551113261525\n ],\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.49581897348219\n ],\n [\n -104.64227323476742,\n 39.49581897348219\n ],\n [\n -104.64227323476742,\n 39.926551113261525\n ],\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.926551113261525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinharter, Logan","contributorId":366132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinharter","given":"Logan","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ibsen, Peter Christian 0000-0002-3436-9100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9100","contributorId":260735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibsen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"deSouza, Priyanka","contributorId":366133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"deSouza","given":"Priyanka","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McHale, Melissa R.","contributorId":366135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHale","given":"Melissa","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273819,"text":"70273819 - 2026 - Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-13T16:33:10.554506","indexId":"70273819","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-17T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3","docAbstract":"Paleoclimate researchers have been comparing Pliocene environmental data to paleoclimate model results since the 1980s. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) began in 2008 with a focus on the Late Pliocene. Here we assess the availability and utility of sea surface temperature (SST) data for verification of Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP3) Early Pliocene (Zanclean) experiments. We analyze published data in terms of quantity and spatial distribution. Only SST estimates derived using alkenone paleo thermometry are reported, and all estimates are based upon the same temperature calibration. Sea surface temperature data are selected from within three distinct time intervals: The early Zanclean 5.3 Ma – 4.2 Ma time slab, and two time slices within the early Zanclean, chosen by PlioMIP3 at 4.870 Ma and 4.474 Ma. Results show the early Zanclean time slab contains 2055 individual estimates. Approximately ∼ 80% of these estimates come from Sites 609, 642, 846, 847, 882, 907, and 1146. There are 17 sites with a total of 42 estimates within the 4.474 Ma ±10 kyr time slice, and 15 sites with a total of 47 data points within the 4.870 Ma ±10 kyr interval. The sparse spatial and temporal distribution of Zanclean data, relative to the data available for the mid Piacenzian, makes point-by-point data model comparison suspect. We suggest interpreting model output against lower resolution long term trends in proxy data, and comparison of models through temperature gradients, may be the most useful application of currently available data. Integrating Zanclean age coastal plain sequences within data model comparison schemes, for increased understanding of regional climate impacts, also holds great potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105293","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., and Foley, K.M., 2026, Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3: Global and Planetary Change, v. 259, 105293, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105293.","productDescription":"105293, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179866","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500092,"rank":3,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70273819/full"},{"id":500091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70273819/70273819.XML"},{"id":499497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"259","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":269579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70274646,"text":"70274646 - 2026 - Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T15:50:56.3047","indexId":"70274646","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T10:46:09","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment","docAbstract":"Coastal and pluvial flooding are both becoming more prevalent and severe due to climate change and urbanization in floodplains. The co-occurrence of these flood drivers is generally assumed to exacerbate the resulting flood impacts, a result referred to as compound flooding. However, few observational or modeling studies have investigated the circumstances under which this occurs. Here, we study the impacts of these combined flood drivers and evaluate the implicit hypothesis of official flood maps, which is that rainfall has a negligible impact on the flood depth and flooded area due to a 100 year coastal flood. A coastal system model, configured to capture coastal and pluvial flood drivers, is used. We evaluate the flooding for different urban landform types, including coastal landfill (human-made land), convergent areas (topographic depressions) and other urban terrain, within a model domain covering the Jamaica Bay watershed of New York City. A scenario-based strategy is adopted with a 100 year coastal flood as a control simulation, to which we add a set of realistic scenarios of rainfall data from historical tropical cyclones. We also apply a joint probability analysis framework with historical data to evaluate the probability of these compound coastal-pluvial scenarios. Results reveal cases where the pluvial driver compounds the coastal flood through expansion of the flood zone, with a 17% chance of rainfall increasing the flood area by 6%–38%, and a 5% chance of an increase of 61%–73%. It is rare that floods are significantly deepened but when deepening occurs, it is more common for the convergent zone than for the coastal landfill. These findings quantitatively assess the potential of the pluvial driver to exacerbate flooding, which may influence emergency management strategies such as evacuation plans, shelter arrangements, and related preparedness measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55","usgsCitation":"Kasaei, S., Orton, P.M., Wahli, T., Ralston, D.K., and Warner, J., 2026, Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment: Environmental Research Letters, v. 21, no. 2, 024007, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55.","productDescription":"024007, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180316","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Jamaica Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.5876977066029,\n 40.75954897283495\n ],\n [\n -74.02868799233167,\n 40.684493367656756\n ],\n [\n -74.05112050066245,\n 40.574457557184985\n ],\n [\n -73.94306146662925,\n 40.54016116213248\n ],\n [\n -73.76592672096606,\n 40.572895209977005\n ],\n [\n -73.58988624400156,\n 40.57154570409608\n ],\n [\n -73.5876977066029,\n 40.75954897283495\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasaei, Shima","contributorId":369142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasaei","given":"Shima","affiliations":[{"id":28243,"text":"Stevens Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orton, Phillip M.","contributorId":369143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orton","given":"Phillip","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":28243,"text":"Stevens Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahli, Thomas","contributorId":201471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wahli","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ralston, David K.","contributorId":369144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralston","given":"David","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273370,"text":"70273370 - 2026 - Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef degradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T16:20:35.591479","indexId":"70273370","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T10:03:35","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef degradation","docAbstract":"Degradation of coral reefs over the past several decades has caused regional-scale erosion of the shallow seafloor that serves as a protective barrier against coastal hazards along southeast Florida, USA. How future change in coral reefs may affect coastal flooding, however, has been less attended than other factors contributing to increasing risks such as sea-level rise and more intense storms. Here, the increased flooding hazard faced by Florida's coastal communities from the projected future degradation of its adjacent coral reefs is evaluated through oceanographic, coastal engineering, habitat, geospatial, and socioeconomic modeling. Risk-based valuation approaches were followed to map flood zones at 10-m2 resolution along 430 km of Florida's reef-lined coast for the current and projected future coral reef conditions. The projected degradation of Florida's coral reefs can increase annual flooding to more than 8.77 km2 of land and 4,980 km of roads, affecting more than 7,315 people, $412.5 million in damages to 1,400 buildings, and economic disruption of $438.1 million annually (2024 US dollars). The degradation of Florida's coral reefs would increase the annual risk to people and structures by more than 42% and 47%, respectively, but is spatially variable due to the heterogeneous alongshore nature and distribution of the reefs and communities: the increased risk exceeds $1 million/km annually to more than 17% of the coastline but also disproportionately would affect vulnerable populations. These results help identify areas where coral reef protection could help reduce the projected increased storm flooding risk to Florida's coastal communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025EF006255","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C.D., Reguero, B., Yates, K., Alkins, K., Shope, J.B., Gaido-Lasserre, C., Fregoso, T., and Beck, M.W., 2026, Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef eegradation: Earth's Future, v. 14, no. 1, e2025EF006255, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025EF006255.","productDescription":"e2025EF006255, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176207","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499445,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":499622,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ef006255","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.23010162208632,\n 25.552150467995233\n ],\n [\n -80.47749742473422,\n 25.15141192176594\n ],\n [\n -81.15433499801613,\n 24.779023140904116\n ],\n [\n -82.17192528060517,\n 24.681509029413803\n ],\n [\n -82.19059666193729,\n 24.452263270583572\n ],\n [\n -80.7575681447126,\n 24.622115228348946\n ],\n [\n -80.09940195276283,\n 25.40466453362501\n ],\n [\n -80.10406979809586,\n 25.568994474582937\n ],\n [\n -80.23010162208632,\n 25.552150467995233\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reguero, Borja","contributorId":264485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reguero","given":"Borja","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly 0000-0001-8764-0358","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":202055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alkins, Kristen 0000-0003-3647-2678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-2678","contributorId":341902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alkins","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":37487,"text":"formerly USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shope, James B.","contributorId":135949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shope","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":10653,"text":"University of California at Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Science Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaido-Lasserre, Camila","contributorId":341891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaido-Lasserre","given":"Camila","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17620,"text":"UCSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fregoso, Theresa 0000-0001-7802-5812","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-5812","contributorId":364922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fregoso","given":"Theresa","affiliations":[{"id":27571,"text":"USGS volunteer","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beck, Michael W.","contributorId":259298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":953485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273508,"text":"70273508 - 2026 - An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:13:13.114286","indexId":"70273508","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T08:04:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Standardizing facies descriptions has proven key to integrating interpretations of depositional processes and environments from sedimentologic observations with geochemistry data for mudstone lithologies. Because of their fine-grained nature, high degree of compaction, and heterogeneous composition, standardizing methods for mudstone descriptions has proven difficult, but it is critical to formulating meaningful interpretations of the processes that govern the accumulation of organic-rich lithologies and their role in both petroleum systems and the global carbon cycle. In this study, we have developed a modified facies classification scheme for mudstone lithologies that incorporates sedimentologic and compositional observation at the hand-sample and thin-section scales with geochemical measurements, including bulk organic and inorganic geochemistry, to characterize these rocks and their variability more completely for improved interpretations of depositional environments during a low-order sea-level transgression. The facies described in this study are of the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation in the USGS #1 Portland Core drilled in Fremont County, Colorado. Strata of the Greenhorn Formation span Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE-2) and the preceding interval. Lithologies range from organic-rich argillaceous mudstones with varied sedimentary structures to organic-lean, highly bioturbated limestones. Six facies were identified, each differentiated by varied sedimentary structures and geochemical composition. These facies occur in a predictable stratigraphic stacking pattern that represents a low-order sea-level transgression with interpreted depositional environments ranging from terrigenous-dominated pro-delta and muddy continental shelf at the base of the interval to pelagic offshore marine at the top of the Greenhorn Formation. Though the facies are consistent with previous interpretations of depositional environments at this locale in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway during the Greenhorn cyclothem, the sedimentary processes governing the accumulation of organic-rich strata that have defined this interval are significantly revised. Variability in the proximity and intensity of bottom currents driven by storms and geostrophic flows were key to the accumulation of each facies, with significant sediment transport occurring even through deposition in the most oxygen-depleted bottom waters. The methodology and interpretations provided here are now being employed to basin-scale predictions of organic enrichment utilizing calibrated petrophysical methods. The approach and results from this study improve understanding of how organic and inorganic carbon was sequestered during perturbations to the global carbon cycle associated with events such as OAE-2.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2024.138","usgsCitation":"Flaum, J.A., French, K.L., Birdwell, J.E., and Timm, K.K., 2026, An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 96, no. 1, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2024.138.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-172359","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Fremont County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ],\n [\n -106.13236791392487,\n 37.86241312434697\n ],\n [\n -104.5947771998546,\n 37.80870262042711\n ],\n [\n -104.5650571117552,\n 38.76694004570902\n ],\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flaum, Jason A. 0000-0003-1251-1142","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-1142","contributorId":300809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flaum","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"French, Katherine L. 0000-0002-0153-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8035","contributorId":205462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":954085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Timm, Kira K. 0000-0002-7439-4626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-4626","contributorId":270009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Timm","given":"Kira","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274137,"text":"70274137 - 2026 - Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-27T14:56:43.851841","indexId":"70274137","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T07:50:46","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series","docAbstract":"Accurate mapping of post-fire surviving trees is important for tracking forest recovery and prioritizing land management decisions. Satellite-based remote sensing is an effective method to assess post-fire forest conditions. Traditionally, differenced satellite-derived burn severity indices are computed by differencing one year pre- and post-fire spectral reflectance values. Differenced burn severity indices are useful for quantifying and mapping the magnitude of ecological change, but their application to detecting and mapping post-fire live trees may not be as appropriate, particularly for delayed tree mortality. Delayed tree mortality (“delayed mortality”) is a phenomenon where trees that initially survive fire then die over an extended period (between one and five years), and it can be challenging to measure and predict. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of mapping delayed mortality using readily available remotely sensed imagery alone. We used random forest models to detect post-fire live trees using 10-m resolution Sentinel-2 data at one-, three-, and five-years post-fire for four fires in the southern Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Using imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP; 60-cm resolution), we manually classified live tree presence in 6000 Sentinel-2 pixels (500 pixels for each fire-year combination) to calibrate and validate models. Sentinel-2 based model accuracies ranged from 65 % to 86 % with F-scores ranging from 0.52 to 0.86, and their predictions of live pixel area were on average 44 % lower than inferred from more traditional indices such as relative differenced normalized burn ratio (RdNBR). This work represents a promising first step in using freely available post-fire spectral reflectance imagery to detect live trees over an extended period to support post-fire management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","usgsCitation":"Saberi, S.J., van Mantgem, P., Wright, M.C., Wong, C.Y., Latimer, A.M., and Young, D.J., 2026, Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 605, 123461, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461.","productDescription":"123461, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180306","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Forest, Sierra National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 37.015918722573474\n ],\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 35.62728306165032\n ],\n [\n -117.47104148650808,\n 35.62728306165032\n ],\n [\n -117.47104148650808,\n 37.015918722573474\n ],\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 37.015918722573474\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"605","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saberi, Saba J.","contributorId":367061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saberi","given":"Saba","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Micah C. 0000-0002-5324-1110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-1110","contributorId":229071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Micah","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wong, Christopher Y.S.","contributorId":367062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"Y.S.","affiliations":[{"id":18889,"text":"University of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Latimer, Andrew M.","contributorId":367063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latimer","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Derek J.N.","contributorId":367064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"J.N.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273763,"text":"70273763 - 2026 - A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T17:02:04.427675","indexId":"70273763","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T09:55:04","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23283,"text":"Environmental Research: Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms","docAbstract":"Critical water supply watersheds in the western United States (WUS) are impacted by wildfires, with potential negative effects on water quality and quantity. Scientific understanding is currently insufficient to deliver estimates of wildfire consequences for water quantity that are regionally accurate. Regional variability in the directionality and magnitude of post-wildfire shifts in streamflow generation fuels uncertainty in estimates of wildfire effects on water supply. In this work we provide a narrative review of wildfire effects on hydrologic processes and the resulting changes in streamflow generation mechanisms with a focus on the WUS, incorporating other global regions when pertinent. A conceptual model summary of wildfire effects on streamflow generation emphasizes: (1) precipitation seasonality, (2) synchrony of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, (3) net shifts in interception, evaporation, and transpiration relative to total annual precipitation, (4) vegetation changes, including compensatory uptake and type conversion, (5) degree of overlap in rainfall rates and infiltration, (6) fire extent and severity, (7) burn scar positioning (e.g. in headwaters or proximal to watershed outlet), (8) scale-dependent groundwater leakage, (9) near-surface water storage reduction, and (10) soil to groundwater connectivity. Ongoing gaps and challenges include separating the influences of precipitation variability, water withdrawals, and post-fire land management; compound and overlapping disturbances; and lack of pre-fire data. Notable future opportunities include: harnessing ever-improving gridded and remotely sensed precipitation and fire-effects data; linking geophysical, isotopic tracer, and geochemical signatures to diagnose hydrologic changes; leveraging physically based and data-driven model advancements; and analyzing streamflow generation recovery trajectories across diverse watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., Hammond, J., Walvoord, M.A., Partridge, T.F., Rey, D., and Murphy, S.F., 2026, A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms: Environmental Research: Water, v. 1, no. 4, 042001, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64.","productDescription":"042001, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178244","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":218151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Partridge, Trevor Fuess 0000-0003-1589-4783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-4783","contributorId":302668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Partridge","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"Fuess","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273478,"text":"70273478 - 2026 - Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T14:45:03.556815","indexId":"70273478","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T08:35:29","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18346,"text":"EarthArXiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","docAbstract":"Computation of detailed groundwater flow budgets for subdivisions of Virginia’s Coastal Plain aquifer system has enabled quantification and more thorough understanding of groundwater flow within this important water resource. A zone budget analysis conducted on previously published groundwater models of the Virginia Coastal Plain and Virginia Eastern Shore shows that groundwater conditions vary substantially throughout the Coastal Plain aquifer system due to local variations in hydrogeology and historical and ongoing variations in groundwater use and management. Decades of substantial groundwater withdrawal from the Coastal Plain aquifer system have fundamentally altered groundwater flow from pre-development conditions. Rates of sustainable withdrawal are limited because the downward groundwater flow rate into confined aquifers supplying groundwater is a relatively small portion of the total groundwater water budget for the aquifer system.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Coastal Plain model show that groundwater flow is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to rivers and coastal water bodies and downward through a series of underlying aquifers and confining units to the Potomac aquifer, which is the deepest aquifer and the source of most groundwater withdrawals. Downward flow into the Potomac aquifer currently is estimated to be only 7 percent of total net precipitation-derived net recharge at the land surface but makes up about 66 percent of inflow to the aquifer in Virginia, with much of the remaining inflow occurring laterally from areas outside of defined groundwater budget regions in Virginia. For several decades prior to 2010, high rates of withdrawal from the Potomac aquifer resulted in substantial decline in groundwater storage in the aquifer and in most overlying aquifers and confining units. From 2010 to 2025, rates of withdrawal substantially lower than the historical maximum have resulted in small net increases in groundwater storage in the confined aquifer system for most regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain. Nevertheless, for the same period, groundwater storage for the entire model domain continues to incrementally decline, indicating that storage recovery in Virginia is offset by a continued decrease in storage in areas beneath the Chesapeake Bay or in adjacent areas of Maryland and North Carolina. Withdrawals from the Potomac aquifer have induced substantial downward flow which is a large part of groundwater budgets for confined aquifers such as the Potomac. Downward groundwater flow continues under current conditions, but because vertical flow rates are a function of the difference between water pressure in the upper surficial systems and lower confined units, those rates are lower than those in earlier decades as the confined water levels partially recover from larger groundwater withdrawals in the past. Geographically, groundwater flow is generally inward from perimeter regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain toward central regions with the largest withdrawal rates. Estimated groundwater inflow from coastal regions could be contributing to saltwater intrusion, though that was not measured directly in this study.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Eastern Shore peninsula, a geographic region of the Virginia Coastal Plain, show that groundwater flow for that isolated aquifer system is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to coastal water bodies and downward into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system, which is the source of most withdrawals. Downward groundwater flow into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system is estimated to be less than 2 percent of total recharge and less than 9 percent of net recharge at the water table but makes up over 93 percent of all inflow to the confined aquifer system. Decades of substantial but relatively consistent groundwater withdrawals have induced greater downward flow rates into the confined aquifer system but also have resulted in loss of groundwater from storage. Currently, estimated storage loss accounts for slightly under 7 percent of withdrawals from the confined aquifer system. The current withdrawal rate from the confined Yorktown-Eastover system is near the highest reported rate for the Eastern Shore, which means that the storage depletion is expected to continue, even though groundwater levels appear to be relatively stable. Estimated groundwater flow rates upward from the confining unit underlying the Yorktown-Eastover system and small rates of inflow from coastal water bodies underscore ongoing concerns about up-coning and lateral intrusion of salty groundwater.
Accurate tectonic models are essential for assessing seismic hazard and fault interactions. However, the plate configuration at the complex Mendocino triple junction, where the San Andreas Fault and the Cascadia subduction zone meet, remains uncertain. We analyzed fault slip associated with a recently identified zone of tectonic tremor and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) near the southern edge of the subducting Gorda slab. Based on tidal sensitivity and P-wave first motions, we show that the LFEs are generated by dipping, strike-slip motion. This suggests that a former Farallon slab fragment, now captured by the Pacific plate, is translating northward beneath westernmost North America. This geometry effectively extends the slab interface fault, challenging prevailing interpretations of slab window formation and creating a potential unaccounted earthquake hazard in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.aeb2407","usgsCitation":"Shelly, D.R., Thomas, A.M., Materna, K.Z., and Skoumal, R.J., 2026, Low-frequency earthquakes track the motion of a captured slab fragment: Science, v. 391, no. 6782, p. 294-299, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeb2407.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"294","endPage":"299","ipdsId":"IP-180199","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498811,"rank":3,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70273506/full"},{"id":498810,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70273506/70273506.XML"},{"id":498792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"391","issue":"6782","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Amanda M.","contributorId":200641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Materna, Kathryn Z. 0000-0002-6687-980X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-980X","contributorId":209697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Materna","given":"Kathryn","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skoumal, Robert J. 0000-0002-5627-6239 rskoumal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5627-6239","contributorId":191213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoumal","given":"Robert","email":"rskoumal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274087,"text":"70274087 - 2026 - Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-25T14:24:47.080909","indexId":"70274087","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T08:01:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","title":"Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","docAbstract":"Ground-motion simulations of notable earthquakes in the central and eastern United States are limited and typically assume one-dimensional (1D) Earth structure. In this study, we use a three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity model to better constrain the depth and focal mechanism of the April 5th, 2024, moment magnitude 4.8 Tewksbury earthquake and investigate the spatial variability of earthquake ground motions and the effects of nearby sedimentary basins. We perform earthquake ground-motion simulations up to 0.5 Hz using the 3D spectral-element wave-propagation solver SPECFEM3D over a region 280-km wide by 260-km long by 77-km deep. Topography and subsurface geophysical structure are assigned using the U.S. Geological Survey National Crustal Model with a minimum shear-wave velocity of 200 m/s. We use earthquake time series from 13 broadband seismic stations in the region that have a uniform azimuthal distribution and epicentral distances ranging from 76 to 131 km to compare with synthetics and explore the effects of 1D versus 3D seismic structure on focal mechanism and depth solutions. Ground-motion intensity metrics are also presented relative to the NGA-East ground-motion models (GMMs) currently used in seismic hazard assessments for the region. We find that the 3D model, which reveals a wide spatial variability of period-dependent ground motions, yields better predictions of earthquake ground motions relative to the 1D model and the NGA-East ergodic ground-motion model, with 76 percent reduction of residual variance in observed ground motions averaged over 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-second periods. Use of the 3D model to solve for a focal mechanism yields a shallower focal depth at 4 km and a shallower east-dipping focal plane relative to the U.S. Geological Survey regional moment tensor and Global Centroid Moment Tensor. Our study demonstrates that use of 3D seismic velocity models can improve estimates of earthquake focal mechanisms, ground motions, and seismic hazard.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250333","usgsCitation":"Boyd, O.S., Bozdağ, E., Kehoe, H.L., Moschetti, M.P., 2026, Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 97, no. 2A, p. 755-766, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250333.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"766","ipdsId":"IP-184176","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500604,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250333","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500477,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 41.13685910148769\n ],\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 40.31012949967425\n ],\n [\n -74.00929946762524,\n 40.31012949967425\n ],\n [\n -74.00929946762524,\n 41.13685910148769\n ],\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 41.13685910148769\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bozdağ, Ebru","contributorId":365873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bozdağ","given":"Ebru","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kehoe, Haiyang Liam 0000-0002-5818-6077","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-6077","contributorId":362101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kehoe","given":"Haiyang","middleInitial":"Liam","affiliations":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273745,"text":"70273745 - 2026 - More water, more of the time: Spatial changes in flooding over 83 years in the upper Mississippi River floodplain and relationships with streamgage-derived proxies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T17:06:11.432618","indexId":"70273745","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T11:01:24","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"More water, more of the time: Spatial changes in flooding over 83 years in the upper Mississippi River floodplain and relationships with streamgage-derived proxies","docAbstract":"The hydrologic regime of the upper Mississippi River (UMR) has become wetter, with greater discharges, longer-lasting high-flow conditions, and seasonal shifts in these patterns over the past several decades. How these changes are expressed spatially as floodplain inundation area, frequency, depth, duration, and timing is not well understood. It is also unclear to what degree spatial patterns of submergence are represented by examining discharge data alone. We assessed changes in floodplain inundation characteristics from 1940 to 2022 in navigation pools 3–10 of the UMR using a geospatial model to simulate daily inundation depths. Inundation characteristics shifted significantly across pools, but the direction and magnitude of change varied by pool and metric. Characteristics summarized at the pool scale correlated with streamgage-derived proxies but the strength of the relationship varied. Within pools, variability in inundation trends highlighted the importance of spatially explicit modeling. Our study demonstrates that changes in discharge over 83 years have manifested across the UMR floodplain in ways that may have consequences for ecological patterns and processes. By mapping hydrologically sensitive areas, we can anticipate which areas may be susceptible to additional shifts in river discharge in a climatically uncertain future.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025WR040614","usgsCitation":"Van Appledorn, M., De Jager, N.R., Rohweder, J.J., Windmuller-Campione, M., and Griffin, D., 2026, More water, more of the time: Spatial changes in flooding over 83 years in the upper Mississippi River floodplain and relationships with streamgage-derived proxies: Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 1, e2025WR040614, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR040614.","productDescription":"e2025WR040614, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177472","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr040614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota, Wiscosnin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River floodplain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 45.61816060242495\n ],\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 42.68629353773204\n ],\n [\n -90.60968047878275,\n 42.68629353773204\n ],\n [\n -90.60968047878275,\n 45.61816060242495\n ],\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 45.61816060242495\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125 ndejager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":3717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"ndejager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. 0000-0001-5131-9773 jrohweder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-9773","contributorId":150539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Windmuller-Campione, Marcella","contributorId":292936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Windmuller-Campione","given":"Marcella","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Griffin, Daniel","contributorId":203862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffin","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36733,"text":"Department of Geography, Environment &Society, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273711,"text":"70273711 - 2026 - The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-26T15:46:30.900446","indexId":"70273711","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T08:39:59","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations","docAbstract":"Many estuaries worldwide face increasing sediment loading caused by catchment land use change and intensification, creating subsequent adverse effects on estuarine ecosystems. Extreme weather events can disproportionately alter sediment pathways and loading. Although storm-driven sediment exchange has been widely examined at open coasts and inlets, key transport mechanisms within constricted, sheltered estuaries remain understudied.
This study presents an observational dataset capturing the impact of a 99th percentile water-level event (based on 20 years of records) on sediment transport pathways in a sheltered, barrier-enclosed estuary. This event, driven by a 3-day storm surge (>0.5 m) combined with a spring tide, was recorded during a 3-week field campaign.
Sediment transport pathways and riverine contributions were analysed, and observations revealed substantial changes in suspended sediment concentrations increasing from 18 mg/l to 70 mg/l during the event. The elevated water levels and resulting pressure gradient at the constricted study site entrance caused by the storm surge increased local flood dominance. Combined with higher flow velocities and resuspension, the storm led to a sixfold increase in sediment import at the estuary entrance and a 600-fold increase in sediment flux to the upper estuary.
The decoupling of peak suspended sediment concentrations from streamflow indicates that the resuspension of estuarine legacy sediment, rather than catchment inputs, dominated the system's response.
These findings challenge assumptions about estuarine sediment budgets and emphasise that incorporating high water-level surge events into models can enhance the prediction of long-term estuarine evolution. Given projected increases in storm frequency under climate change, understanding these episodic but highly consequential sediment pulses can support the assessment of wetland resilience and inform estuarine management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.70229","usgsCitation":"Vaassen, S.M., Bryan, K.R., Swales, A., Carr, J., and Pilditch, C.A., 2026, The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 51, no. 1, e70229, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70229.","productDescription":"e70229, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176448","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70229","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Whangateau Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -36.289067166278265\n ],\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -37.15272692595895\n ],\n [\n 175.7634562180076,\n -37.15272692595895\n ],\n [\n 175.7634562180076,\n -36.289067166278265\n ],\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -36.289067166278265\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vaassen, Sanne M.","contributorId":365581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaassen","given":"Sanne","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":38833,"text":"University of Auckland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bryan, Karin R.","contributorId":229417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryan","given":"Karin","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12678,"text":"University of Waikato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swales, Andrew","contributorId":149632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swales","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carr, Joel 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":220098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pilditch, Conrad A.","contributorId":365584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilditch","given":"Conrad","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":26898,"text":"University of Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273660,"text":"70273660 - 2026 - Unveiling a legacy of fish introductions to mountain lakes using historical records and eDNA surveys in a National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T14:52:45.506643","indexId":"70273660","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T07:45:13","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9319,"text":"Frontiers in Conservation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unveiling a legacy of fish introductions to mountain lakes using historical records and eDNA surveys in a National Park","docAbstract":"Across the western United States, introductions of non-native fish into historically fishless mountain lakes have impacted native biota. Understanding the impacts of fish introductions is essential for conservation in Olympic National Park, a Biosphere Reserve. We reconstructed fish plantings using records dating back to 1930, followed by environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys to estimate the current distribution of fish and amphibians in 117 remote mountain lakes. We used Bayesian multiscale occupancy models to determine how lake attributes and planting history related to fish and amphibian occupancy. The most frequently detected species were Brook Trout, Rainbow Trout, Cascades Frog, and Northwestern Salamander. eDNA sampling revealed 52 lakes with amphibians only, 45 with fish and amphibians, 14 with fish only, and 6 unoccupied. Of the 53 lakes with planting records, 38 had fish eDNA detected. Fish eDNA was also detected in 21 lakes lacking planting records, which could reflect incomplete records, unauthorized plantings, and false positive detections. Of the three species planted, Cutthroat Trout had the highest failure rate and did not become established in 23 of 28 historically planted lakes. In a subset of 9 lakes sampled for up to 7 years, those with known fish and amphibian presence showed consistent eDNA detections over time. The number of times a lake was stocked was the best predictor of occupancy for Brook and Rainbow trout, while higher occupancy for Brook Trout was also associated with lower elevations, lower solar radiation, and larger lake area. We did not observe widespread negative associations between amphibian occupancy and fish presence, although there was a negative relationship between fish presence and Rough-skinned Newt and Long-toed Salamander occupancy. Cascades Frog occupancy showed no relationship to fish presence or lake traits. Our results suggest mechanisms of fish persistence over time and highlight areas where native amphibians are impacted by introduced fish. These results can guide management options like targeted fish removals that benefit native fauna while still supporting recreational fishing. More broadly, our work demonstrates the value of combining historical records with contemporary surveys and the utility of eDNA for broad-scale surveys of species distribution in remote wilderness areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fcosc.2025.1698619","usgsCitation":"Brenkman, S.J., Duda, J.J., McCaffery, R.M., Kierczynski, K.E., Hoy, M.S., Kumec, T.J., Baccus, ., Goldberg, C.S., Ostberg, C.O., and Fradkin, S.C., 2026, Unveiling a legacy of fish introductions to mountain lakes using historical records and eDNA surveys in a National Park: Frontiers in Conservation Science, v. 6, 1698619, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fcosc.2025.1698619.","productDescription":"1698619, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182809","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcosc.2025.1698619","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.26430065170698,\n 48.08712436978681\n ],\n [\n -124.26430065170698,\n 47.35589692100544\n ],\n [\n -122.84761603715835,\n 47.35589692100544\n ],\n [\n -122.84761603715835,\n 48.08712436978681\n ],\n [\n -124.26430065170698,\n 48.08712436978681\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenkman, Samuel J.","contributorId":365352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkman","given":"Samuel","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":87129,"text":"Four Peaks Environmental","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":148954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCaffery, Rebecca M. 0000-0002-0396-0387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-0387","contributorId":211539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffery","given":"Rebecca","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kierczynski, Katie E.","contributorId":365356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kierczynski","given":"Katie","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":87130,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoy, Marshal S. 0000-0003-2828-9697","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2828-9697","contributorId":220730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"Marshal","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kumec, Trevor J.","contributorId":365362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumec","given":"Trevor","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":56191,"text":"Resource Environmental Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baccus, William","contributorId":365363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baccus","given":" William","affiliations":[{"id":87130,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldberg, Caren Suzanne 0000-0002-0863-9939","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-9939","contributorId":365364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Caren","middleInitial":"Suzanne","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ostberg, Carl O. 0000-0003-1479-8458","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-8458","contributorId":220731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"Carl","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fradkin, Steven C.","contributorId":365369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fradkin","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":87130,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70273482,"text":"70273482 - 2026 - The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T15:27:14.596406","indexId":"70273482","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T07:40:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements","docAbstract":"From 2019 to 2024, gravity surveys were conducted at the Three Sisters volcanic cluster (TSVC), measuring 246 gravity sites using a spring relative gravimeter. We calculated the residual Bouguer anomaly and identified three main zones with negative anomalies, ranging from −4 to −8 mGal, located southwest and west of South Sister, within an area that has been uplifting for the past two decades. After inversion, we obtain a 3D density model of the subsurface and identify low-density bodies extending from the surface down to 3 km. We estimate a total of 15 km3 of crustal bodies with density close to 2 g/cm3 that could store up to ~5 km3 of water, forming an extensive hydrothermal system beneath the TSVC. We explore the possible combinations of melt compositions and temperatures that could create a bulk density close to our reference crustal density (2.5 g/cm3) using MELTS thermodynamic simulations. Our results indicate that a magmatic mush with as little as 15% partial melt of bulk rhyolitic composition or as much as 52%–57% partial melt of a bulk dacitic composition could be stored in a magmatic system under TSVC without generating a detectable gravity anomaly. Episodic magma injections at the base of the magmatic system, such as the 1998–2000 intrusion at ~6 km depth, would bring heat and gas to the hydrothermal system while maintaining a low melt fraction in the magmatic mush, as imaged at other Cascade volcanoes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031886","usgsCitation":"Le Mevel, H., Andersen, N.L., Dechert, A.E., and Dufek, J., 2026, The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements: JGR Solid Earth, v. 131, no. 1, e2025JB031886, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB031886.","productDescription":"e2025JB031886, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178279","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498736,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Three Sisters volcanic cluster","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.16602505212751\n ],\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.00814911568179\n ],\n [\n -121.67001872468549,\n 44.00814911568179\n ],\n [\n -121.67001872468549,\n 44.16602505212751\n ],\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.16602505212751\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Le Mevel, Helene","contributorId":345674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Mevel","given":"Helene","affiliations":[{"id":82691,"text":"Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, Nathan Lee 0000-0002-4152-4914","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-4914","contributorId":345693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dechert, Annika E.","contributorId":365193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dechert","given":"Annika","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dufek, Josef","contributorId":365194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dufek","given":"Josef","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273656,"text":"70273656 - 2026 - Plasticity in the reproductive biology of Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri in Yellowstone Lake following lake trout Salvelinus namaycush invasion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T15:47:50.9445","indexId":"70273656","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-13T09:43:23","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plasticity in the reproductive biology of Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri in Yellowstone Lake following lake trout Salvelinus namaycush invasion","docAbstract":"Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri in Yellowstone Lake are the focus of intensive conservation efforts due to the threat of predation by invasive lake trout Salvelinus namaycush. Suppression gillnetting has reduced the abundance of predatory lake trout, and the Yellowstone cutthroat trout population is recovering. Long-term monitoring indicates the size structure of the population shifted following lake trout invasion, suggesting that reproductive demographic rates of Yellowstone cutthroat trout may have changed. Length at 50% probability of maturity, as assessed using histological analysis of gonadal tissue, was 479 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 467–490 mm) for females and 406 mm (95% CI 386–430 mm) for males, compared to 330 mm for males and females historically. Currently, age at 50% probability of maturity is 6.6 for females and 5.4 for males. The rate of skipped spawning was 3% for females and 38% for males. Mean absolute fecundity was 2897 ovarian follicles/individual at present compared to 1141 ovarian follicles/individual before lake trout invasion. Mean relative fecundity was 2157 ovarian follicles/kg. This research illustrates the plasticity in the reproductive strategies of fishes as a result of an invasive species. Understanding the reproductive biology of fish populations is vital for effective fisheries management, and these results are integral to a population model that can be used to develop new conservation benchmarks for Yellowstone cutthroat trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70281","collaboration":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Webb, M.A., Guy, C.S., and Koel, T.M., 2026, Plasticity in the reproductive biology of Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri in Yellowstone Lake following lake trout Salvelinus namaycush invasion: Journal of Fish Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70281.","ipdsId":"IP-179605","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.60702393614453,\n 44.5900031594889\n ],\n [\n -110.60702393614453,\n 44.26482350324392\n ],\n [\n -110.15041501501246,\n 44.26482350324392\n ],\n [\n -110.15041501501246,\n 44.5900031594889\n ],\n [\n -110.60702393614453,\n 44.5900031594889\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Michelle A.","contributorId":365353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Molly A.","contributorId":365354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Molly","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koel, Todd M.","contributorId":365355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koel","given":"Todd","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36976,"text":"U.S. National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273496,"text":"70273496 - 2026 - Identifying headwater streams across the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:52:21.390954","indexId":"70273496","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-13T08:44:42","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying headwater streams across the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Headwater streams play critical roles in hydrologic and biogeochemical processes and functions, yet their spatial distribution and land cover context remain poorly understood at continental scales, and no dedicated geospatial dataset exists. Building from a high-resolution conterminous United States (CONUS) hydrography network dataset, we quantified the spatial extent, density, and upstream catchment characteristics of headwater stream segments across the CONUS. We identified approximately 8.4 million kilometers of headwater streams, finding that 77% of the total stream network consists of headwaters, nearly double the total length represented in prior estimates. Stream density varied fivefold across regions, from < 1 km·km−2 in arid basins to > 5 km·km−2 in humid, forested areas. Over 73% of the CONUS landmass drains from headwater streams. The majority of headwater stream length occurred in forested and cultivated catchments across the CONUS, while substantial regional differences were evident for headwater stream distribution in other land cover classes (for example, wetlands, urban areas, shrublands, and herbaceous-dominated catchments). The dedicated and novel geospatial dataset, HELiOS (HEadwater streams and Low-Order Systems) is introduced for management and research use. The HELiOS dataset provides the first continental-scale, high-resolution characterization of headwater streams, offering new insights and opportunities for hydrologic modeling, ecological assessments, and environmental policy.
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We derived remotely sensed based time series of surface water storage (SWstorage) to determine when and where accounting for SWstorage dynamics improves predictions of river discharge. We trained four long short-term memory (LSTM) models, that differed in their inclusion of storage data and catchment characteristics, to simulate daily river discharge (2016–2023) for select watersheds across the conterminous United States. Adding SWstorage to a meteorology-only or meteorology-and-catchment characteristics model improved upon model Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) in 80.6% of the watersheds. Residuals during low-flow (Q70) events decreased by 47.6% when adding storage to meteorological data. Improvements were most consistent in ecoregions with a greater abundance of non-floodplain lakes and wetlands. This effort represents the first exploration to train a multi-watershed LSTM on landscape-scale remotely sensed time series of SWstorage.
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Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273800,"text":"70273800 - 2026 - An entropic explanation for Gutenberg-Richter scaling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-02T20:26:15.963383","indexId":"70273800","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-10T08:43:51","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An entropic explanation for Gutenberg-Richter scaling","docAbstract":"We develop a simple explanation for Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) size scaling of earthquakes on a single fault. We discretize the fault and consider all possible contiguous ruptures at that level of discretization. In this static model, we assume that slip scales with rupture length, and that the rupture rates at each point along the fault are consistent with an a priori long-term slip rate. These simple assumptions define an (under-determined) non-negative least-squares inverse problem. Each solution to this inverse problem is a set of earthquake rates that matches the slip-rate constraint. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to uniformly sample the solution space assuming constant slip rates along the fault. At finer discretizations, deviations from G-R behavior decrease, which is consistent with an entropic pressure towards G-R solutions. When the fault is discretized into 10 or more segments, random solutions found by the MCMC algorithm have G-R size scaling, even though there are trivial solutions that, for example, have earthquakes of only one size. This is because there are simply far more solutions that have G-R scaling; as the problem size increases, the strong degeneracy of GR solutions results in other solutions becoming improbably rare. Also, the entropically favored G-R distribution has a b-value of approximately 1, which agrees with measured b-values in real earthquake catalogs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032719","usgsCitation":"Page, M.T., and Field, E.H., 2026, An entropic explanation for Gutenberg-Richter scaling: JGR Solid Earth, v. 131, no. 1, e2025JB032719, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB032719.","productDescription":"e2025JB032719, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176974","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499351,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, Morgan T. 0000-0001-9321-2990 mpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-2990","contributorId":3762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Morgan","email":"mpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70274099,"text":"70274099 - 2026 - ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-25T15:35:31.584463","indexId":"70274099","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-09T08:26:28","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10942,"text":"PNAS Nexus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Sandy beaches act as buffers against various coastal hazards but are vulnerable to episodic (seasonal) and chronic (interannual) erosion. Understanding the variation of shoreline position, a key metric in coastal morphology, over a spectrum of time scales is therefore crucial in assessing hazard vulnerability. Long-standing research has investigated the role of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the dominant mode of climate variability in the Pacific Basin, in seasonal shoreline variability. Yet, ENSO’s chronic influence—and that of another Pacific climate mode, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)—on shoreline anomalies remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the variability of sandy beaches in the US Pacific Northwest, a ∼750 km long coastal region on the US West Coast. We leverage 40 years (1984–2024) of shoreline data from publicly available Earth-observing (Landsat) satellite imagery at a high spatial resolution (>10,000 shore-normal transects at 50-m alongshore spacing) and employ Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM), a methodology for inferring causality in dynamical systems. We discover that strong El Niño years are signified by erosion (75.1% of transects), and strong La Niña years exhibit accretional behavior (73.4% of transects). Furthermore, we establish, for the first time, that both ENSO and PDO exert a statistically significant control on interannual shoreline variability, particularly on the alongshore component (in 95 and 100% of littoral cells, respectively), with water level fluctuations playing a critical role. This effort advances our understanding of the seasonal-to-interannual interactions between Pacific Basin climate variability and the PNW’s coastal morphodynamics, with implications for sediment management and coastal adaptation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404","usgsCitation":"Taherkhani, M., Vitousek, S., Graffin, M., Vos, K., Allan, J.C., Kaminsky, G.M., Ruggiero, P., 2026, ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest: PNAS Nexus, v. 5, no. 1, pgaf404, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404.","productDescription":"pgaf404, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176083","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.83369555506572,\n 48.57459950593827\n ],\n [\n -126.00388302759357,\n 39.14100845126933\n ],\n [\n -122.98418105660868,\n 39.14100845126933\n ],\n [\n -122.61669284602645,\n 48.33915875055985\n ],\n [\n -125.83369555506572,\n 48.57459950593827\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taherkhani, Mohsen","contributorId":366984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taherkhani","given":"Mohsen","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graffin, Marcan","contributorId":366985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graffin","given":"Marcan","affiliations":[{"id":47711,"text":"University of Toulouse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vos, Kilian","contributorId":366986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vos","given":"Kilian","affiliations":[{"id":87519,"text":"OHB Digital Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan C.","contributorId":118007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaminsky, George M.","contributorId":366988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaminsky","given":"George","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25353,"text":"Washington State Department of Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":366989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273744,"text":"70273744 - 2026 - Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T16:57:38.288647","indexId":"70273744","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-08T10:47:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent","docAbstract":"Wastewater treatment effluents (WWTE) present complex risks to aquatic ecosystems that are difficult to characterize using traditional methods. This study systematically evaluated the consistency and performance of transcriptomic-based approaches over time with repeated sampling and with differing experimental approaches (selection of reference condition, grab vs. composite sampling, deployed vs. laboratory exposed). RNA-seq was performed on larval fathead minnow (FHM) exposed in the laboratory to moderately hard reconstituted water (MRHW) or individual grab samples collected from an upstream site and a WWTE in the morning and afternoon over two successive days, as well as FHM deployed concurrently with grab sampling at the same sites. Composite transcriptional profiles were generated by pooling count data from grab sample exposures. The choice of comparator significantly affected results. The use of the upstream site as the reference consistently yielded fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and minimal overlap compared to DEG sets from the other comparisons. Using MRHW as a comparator, DEG sets showed high consistency across grab samples, with morning samples demonstrating larger, highly consistent gene expression sets (96 % overlap) compared to afternoon samples, revealing clear and consistent within-day expression patterns. With the MHRW comparator, DEG sets from grab sample composites and deployments also overlapped substantially, indicating that transcriptional profiles accurately reflect WWTE composition regardless of exposure method. Comparisons with non-targeted (NTA) and targeted analytical datasets confirmed that gene expression interpretations aligned with effluent composition while highlighting limitations of relying solely on targeted analyte sets for connecting expression to specific chemicals. Though highly dependent on experimental design, these results demonstrate that transcriptomic-based methods provide significant utility for characterizing the bioactivity of complex environmental mixtures, and when paired with NTA datasets, have the potential to deliver a comprehensive assessment of their environmental risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127568","usgsCitation":"Biales, A., Hu, M.S., Bencic, D.C., See, M.J., Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E., Stelman, J.M., Huang, W., Kolpin, D., Mills, M.A., Brunelle, L.D., Batt, A.L., and Purucker, S.T., 2026, Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent: Environmental Pollution, v. 392, 127568, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127568.","productDescription":"127568, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177758","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"392","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biales, Adam","contributorId":200074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biales","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hu, M. S.","contributorId":365640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hu","given":"M.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":87172,"text":"USPEA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencic, D. C.","contributorId":365641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bencic","given":"D.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"See, M. J.","contributorId":365642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"See","given":"M.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glassmeyer, Susan T.","contributorId":184135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glassmeyer","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, E.T.","contributorId":365643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"E.T.","affiliations":[{"id":37374,"text":"Retired USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stelman, Julia M.","contributorId":365648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stelman","given":"Julia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huang, W.","contributorId":365644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":205652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana W.","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mills, Marc A.","contributorId":228849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Marc","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41517,"text":"U.S. Enviornmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brunelle, L. D.","contributorId":365645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunelle","given":"L.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Batt, Angela L.","contributorId":184134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batt","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Purucker, S. Thomas","contributorId":176291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Purucker","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70273426,"text":"70273426 - 2026 - The functional effects of African lions on co-occurring carnivores differ across species pairs and with changes in resource availability and lion abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-13T14:44:11.436826","indexId":"70273426","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-08T07:38:23","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The functional effects of African lions on co-occurring carnivores differ across species pairs and with changes in resource availability and lion abundance","docAbstract":"Apex carnivores are known to regulate ecosystem structure and function, including via interactions with syntopic, competitively inferior carnivores. These effects may be dependent on relative carnivore density and resource availability or productivity. We investigated the functional effect of African lions as an apex carnivore on the presence of co-occurring large carnivore species across two adjoining National Parks that contrast in relative densities of carnivores and prey. We employed two-species occupancy models from track data to test statistical interactions between lions and the other syntopic large carnivore species, while accounting for each species’ habitat selection. We further investigated the influence of anthropogenic and natural variables on these co-occurrence dynamics. Our models revealed that the occurrence of each carnivore species was best predicted by access to their own key resources. We also found significant statistical interactions between lions and cheetahs, lions and leopards, and lions and spotted hyenas in resource-rich landscapes. Finally, we found limited support for the competition exclusion hypothesis between most species, with the exception of lion-African wild dog co-occurrence patterns. Species’ co-occurrence dynamics were all influenced by resource availability, with lion-leopard and lion-cheetah co-occurrence decreasing strongly with increasing resource availability. Most species co-occurrence declined with increasing occurrence of lions. The patterns revealed by this study improves predictions of how changes in resource availability and carnivore occurrence could impact carnivore community dynamics and the functional role of apex carnivores.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05855-5","usgsCitation":"Everatt, K.T., Andresen, L., Moore, J.F., Hines, J.E., and Kerley, G.I., 2026, The functional effects of African lions on co-occurring carnivores differ across species pairs and with changes in resource availability and lion abundance: Oecologia, v. 208, 21, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-025-05855-5.","productDescription":"21, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157446","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-025-05855-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mozambique, South Africa","otherGeospatial":"Kruger National Park, Limpopo National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 30.862588682154126,\n -22.34772780142852\n ],\n [\n 30.862588682154126,\n -25.384805740847384\n ],\n [\n 32.58582991133909,\n -25.384805740847384\n ],\n [\n 32.58582991133909,\n -22.34772780142852\n ],\n [\n 30.862588682154126,\n -22.34772780142852\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Everatt, Kristoffer T.","contributorId":365066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Everatt","given":"Kristoffer","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":87033,"text":"Center for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andresen, Leah","contributorId":365067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andresen","given":"Leah","affiliations":[{"id":87033,"text":"Center for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Jennifer F.","contributorId":365068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Jennifer","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":86505,"text":"Moore Ecological Analysis and Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kerley, Graham I.H.","contributorId":365069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerley","given":"Graham","middleInitial":"I.H.","affiliations":[{"id":87033,"text":"Center for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273675,"text":"70273675 - 2026 - 21st-century mangrove expansion along the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T15:20:52.45908","indexId":"70273675","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-07T09:15:57","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"21st-century mangrove expansion along the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Warming winter temperatures are driving range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive mangroves into temperate ecosystems. Along the Atlantic coast of North America, the mangrove range limit is particularly sensitive to climate variability and historical data demonstrate that the mangrove-salt marsh ecotone on this coast has shifted recurrently during recent centuries. However, a comprehensive understanding of how this mangrove-salt marsh ecotone may shift in the future remains lacking. Here, we combine ensemble forecasting of mangrove distribution for the next century with high-resolution oceanographic dispersal simulations, phenological observations, and historical hurricane data to project future mangrove-salt marsh dynamics at the rapidly changing range limit in northeastern Florida (USA). We show that warming winter temperatures will drive continued poleward expansion of mangroves along North America's Atlantic coast, potentially reaching South Carolina by 2100. With ongoing climate change, suitable mangrove habitat is projected to expand beyond the current range limit, and dispersal simulations suggest successful colonization of these sites from established mangrove populations. Additionally, patterns in hurricane directionality and intensity and field reports of propagule presence reveal that these high-energy events may significantly contribute to future mangrove range expansion by facilitating long-distance, storm-driven propagule dispersal. The encroachment of mangroves in salt marsh-dominated latitudes is expected to substantially modify wetland ecosystem function and structure, emphasizing how the identification of newly colonizable habitat can inform conservation strategies and site-specific decisions on mangrove management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70676","usgsCitation":"Enes Gramoso, L.I., Carrol, D., Cavanaugh, K.C., Bardou, R., Osland, M., and Van der Stocken, T., 2026, 21st-century mangrove expansion along the southeastern United States: Global Change Biology, v. 32, no. 1, e70676, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70676.","productDescription":"e70676, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-181151","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70676","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.22200639953145,\n 36.37952978542975\n ],\n [\n -77.72182101969094,\n 36.40470575265279\n ],\n [\n -81.91411568081017,\n 32.113748227893616\n ],\n [\n -81.74573448773677,\n 28.953603900196043\n ],\n [\n -80.85814647675448,\n 25.888305578021306\n ],\n [\n -83.46267982375748,\n 24.175772833973156\n ],\n [\n -79.91513400031955,\n 24.69759886854142\n ],\n [\n -79.81651773807448,\n 27.222321721452442\n ],\n [\n -81.06547026177786,\n 30.86676837523688\n ],\n [\n -76.06738341951453,\n 34.54040871806913\n ],\n [\n -75.22200639953145,\n 36.37952978542975\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enes Gramoso, Lucia I.A.","contributorId":365421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enes Gramoso","given":"Lucia","middleInitial":"I.A.","affiliations":[{"id":87134,"text":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carrol, Dustin","contributorId":365422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carrol","given":"Dustin","affiliations":[{"id":87135,"text":"San José State University, Moss Landing, CA 95039","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cavanaugh, Kyle C.","contributorId":365423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavanaugh","given":"Kyle","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":56148,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bardou, Remi","contributorId":274822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bardou","given":"Remi","affiliations":[{"id":56654,"text":"Northeastern University Marine Science Center, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osland, Michael J. 0000-0001-9902-8692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":206443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van der Stocken, Tom","contributorId":365424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Stocken","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":87134,"text":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273498,"text":"70273498 - 2026 - Status assessment of peregrine falcons in North America using integrated population models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T14:59:43.055314","indexId":"70273498","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-07T07:52:32","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status assessment of peregrine falcons in North America using integrated population models","docAbstract":"Species status assessments require an understanding of underlying population dynamics and important drivers of species demography. Large-scale assessments can be difficult due to challenges collating data obtained through different methods and different sources at multiple scales. Integrated population models (IPMs) provide a unified framework to combine multiple data sources and jointly estimate population parameters over a large spatiotemporal scale. We developed separate IPMs to estimate abundance and demographic rates for a northern (NMP) and southern (SMP) management population of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) in North America from 2008 through 2019 (SMP) and 2020 (NMP). An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) starting in 2021 led us to extend our modeling effort to assess its impact on these management populations by updating both IPMs using index data of population size through 2024 in a predictive framework. Survival probabilities differed drastically between first-year and after-first-year individuals in both management populations. After-first-year survival was nearly identical between the NMP and SMP, but first-year survival was lower in the SMP. Mean productivity was significantly lower in the NMP compared to the SMP, whereas the probability of breeding was similar in both management populations. Estimated total abundance for the NMP was substantially larger than the SMP, representing most of the North American peregrine population. Population growth was positive for both management populations, albeit at a slower rate for the NMP. The NMP declined from 2017 to 2018 coinciding with a drop in 2018 estimated productivity. When we extended the IPMs with updated count data through 2024, the NMP slightly declined but estimated abundance remained above levels at the start of the time series analyzed. The SMP grew at a similar rate to that predicted during the period informed by demographic data. We did not detect a continental-scale change in population size or trajectory in either management population associated with the arrival of HPAI in 2021. Further monitoring can support determination of whether the declines in the NMP were temporary, can enhance understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and can be used to guide the conservation and management of the peregrine falcon population in North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e04024","usgsCitation":"Gould, M.J., Swem, T., Zimmerman, G.S., Millsap, B.A., Gedir, J.V., and Abadi, F., 2026, Status assessment of peregrine falcons in North America using integrated population models: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 65, e04024, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e04024.","productDescription":"e04024, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180300","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e04024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -17.645512177727937,\n 74.08269629392527\n ],\n [\n 4.050887934414121,\n 84.76371880139833\n ],\n [\n -167.95111365975603,\n 80.1265394049586\n ],\n [\n -169.85914511777705,\n 64.47840403364626\n ],\n [\n -157.58234088200044,\n 51.521173449696605\n ],\n [\n -136.03883649130242,\n 48.901619472112586\n ],\n [\n -108.50429591511289,\n 19.862808733419378\n ],\n [\n -97.3445071848272,\n 13.771551176727286\n ],\n [\n -75.36673211463953,\n 26.504032983593405\n ],\n [\n -43.55025606980736,\n 58.05109732496808\n ],\n [\n -17.645512177727937,\n 74.08269629392527\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, Michael J. 0000-0002-9703-4690","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9703-4690","contributorId":316810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swem, Ted","contributorId":200583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swem","given":"Ted","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S. 0000-0002-0965-2123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0965-2123","contributorId":365268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Millsap, Brian A. 0000-0003-3969-249X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3969-249X","contributorId":365269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millsap","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gedir, Jay V.","contributorId":365270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gedir","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abadi, Fitsum","contributorId":337711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abadi","given":"Fitsum","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273363,"text":"70273363 - 2026 - Assessing future hydrologic extremes using an integrated hydrology and river operations model in the Russian River watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-09T17:31:50.365144","indexId":"70273363","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T11:26:38","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing future hydrologic extremes using an integrated hydrology and river operations model in the Russian River watershed","docAbstract":"Earthquake catalogs are essential data inputs for seismic hazard modeling. Because earthquake magnitudes are reported in a variety of types (e.g., local magnitudes and moment magnitudes), magnitude conversion relationships must be used to convert the different magnitude types present in a catalog to a uniform magnitude type to avoid biases in the hazard computation. However, these conversion relationships are often uncertain and have been shown to sometimes perform poorly. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of the gridded seismicity component of the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) to the catalog conversion equations in the Eastern United States. In the 2023 NSHM, magnitudes of various types were converted to moment magnitudes using equations developed by the Central and Eastern United States Seismic Source Characterization for Nuclear Facilities (CEUS‐SSCn), based on least‐squares (LS) regressions made using data from a catalog containing events up through 2008. We recompute these equations using events in the Advanced National Seismic System Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog with multiple magnitudes from 2000 to 2023. Although we prefer the use of orthogonal regressions for our datasets, LS regressions produce broadly similar results, with both approaches exhibiting large deviations from the CEUS‐SSCn conversions, especially at smaller magnitudes. We compare the spatial distribution of annual rates using three different models: (1) the 2023 NSHM conversions, (2) our updated conversions, and (3) no conversions. We find that the choice of conversions leads to substantial differences in the rate forecasts, which can greatly impact the seismic hazard model, particularly in regions with low‐seismicity rates such as the Eastern United States, where the hazard is dominated by gridded seismicity rather than a fault model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250231","usgsCitation":"Llenos, A.L., Shelly, D.R., and Shumway, A., 2026, Magnitude conversion relations create substantial differences in seismic hazard models: Seismological Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250231.","ipdsId":"IP-179044","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500652,"rank":3,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260025","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498508,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":498688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250231","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -65,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -65,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shumway, Allison 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}