Ephemerally flooded playas are common in the southwestern United States and globally in drylands. Often formed in closed basins, playas are depressions which inundate infrequently from local precipitation and streamflow produced near the playa or from upland areas. Few studies have quantified the hydrologic connectivity between upland catchments and playas using observations. Here, we used rain gauge-corrected precipitation from weather radar and water level measurements in 18 playas of the Chihuahuan Desert to identify precipitation thresholds leading to playa inundation over a 6.4-year period. Geospatial data sets on topography, soil properties, and vegetation cover were employed to determine the controls on inundation. Only 9.4% of all precipitation events above 1 mm led to inundation, with 69.8% of all inundations occurring during the North American monsoon (NAM, July-September). Mean and standard deviations (Std) of runoff ratios at all playas were 2.74 ± 4.08% and 3.29 ± 5.19% for annual and NAM periods. At the annual scale, playa inundation occurred when mean precipitation thresholds of 18.3 ± 7.5 mm (event total) and 12.0 ± 4.5 mm/hr (60-min intensity) were exceeded. Across all playas, inundation occurrence and volume were related most strongly to precipitation metrics and catchment area, with secondary controls of soil and terrain properties. The explanatory power of the derived regressions describing the inundation response across the playas were significantly improved when considering their geological origin. As a result, the inundation response classification system could be applied to ephemeral playas in other arid and semiarid landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024WR038848","usgsCitation":"Kimsal, C.R., Vivoni, E.R., Sala, O.E., Monger, H.C., and McKenna, O.P., 2026, Hydrologic dynamics of ephemerally flooded playas in a dryland environment: Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 1, e2024WR038848, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR038848.","productDescription":"e2024WR038848, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171696","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr038848","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jornada Experimental Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.95352847780691,\n 32.77776073898063\n ],\n [\n -106.95352847780691,\n 32.38877769427931\n ],\n [\n -106.58893585904038,\n 32.38877769427931\n ],\n [\n -106.58893585904038,\n 32.77776073898063\n ],\n [\n -106.95352847780691,\n 32.77776073898063\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimsal, Charles R.","contributorId":365427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimsal","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vivoni, Enrique R.","contributorId":365428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vivoni","given":"Enrique","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sala, Osvaldo E.","contributorId":365429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sala","given":"Osvaldo","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monger, H. Curtis","contributorId":365430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monger","given":"H.","middleInitial":"Curtis","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKenna, Owen P. 0000-0002-5937-9436 omckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-9436","contributorId":198598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Owen","email":"omckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":954292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273514,"text":"70273514 - 2026 - Monitoring recreation on federally managed lands and waters—Aspects of visitor use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:04:49.092865","indexId":"70273514","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T09:00:10","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23167,"text":"SocArXiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Monitoring recreation on federally managed lands and waters—Aspects of visitor use","docAbstract":"Federally managed public lands and waters receive about 1 billion recreational visits each year. Data on these visitors can aid in guiding policy decisions, managing resources effectively, and communicating the economic contributions of lands and waters. This report explores the methods used by agencies to collect data on aspects of recreational visitor use to Federal lands and waters (apart from visitation numbers, which are the focus of a companion publication). Aspects of recreational visitor use include visitor demographics, recreational activity participation, visitor satisfaction, visitor attitudes and experiences, trip characteristics, and economic contributions. We review practices used to understand aspects of visitor use across seven Federal agencies, revealing similarities such as the use of visitor intercept surveys and coverage of similar topic area, and differences in how survey programs are operationalized and how specific questions on visitor surveys are worded. We also evaluate emerging technologies, such as geolocated social media and mobile device location data, for their potential to aid in understanding aspects of visitor use. This report concludes with potential opportunities to enhance data collection and coordination, ensuring cost-effective data collection and informed decision-making.
","language":"English","publisher":"SocArXiv","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/usq34_v1","usgsCitation":"Wilkins, E.J., Hanson, D., Boone, W., Wood, S., Crowley, C.S., and Schuster, R., 2026, Monitoring recreation on federally managed lands and waters—Aspects of visitor use: SocArXiv, preprint posted January 16, 2026, https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/usq34_v1.","productDescription":"71 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182473","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkins, Emily J. 0000-0003-3055-4808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-4808","contributorId":328409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Dieta","contributorId":353967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Dieta","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boone, Whitney","contributorId":353968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boone","given":"Whitney","affiliations":[{"id":82391,"text":"DOI Office of Policy Analysis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, Spencer A. 0000-0002-5794-2619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-2619","contributorId":334970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Spencer A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crowley, Christian S.L.","contributorId":203551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crowley","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.L.","affiliations":[{"id":36651,"text":"Department of the Interior Office of Policy Analysis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":954108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273508,"text":"70273508 - 2026 - An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:13:13.114286","indexId":"70273508","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T08:04:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Standardizing facies descriptions has proven key to integrating interpretations of depositional processes and environments from sedimentologic observations with geochemistry data for mudstone lithologies. Because of their fine-grained nature, high degree of compaction, and heterogeneous composition, standardizing methods for mudstone descriptions has proven difficult, but it is critical to formulating meaningful interpretations of the processes that govern the accumulation of organic-rich lithologies and their role in both petroleum systems and the global carbon cycle. In this study, we have developed a modified facies classification scheme for mudstone lithologies that incorporates sedimentologic and compositional observation at the hand-sample and thin-section scales with geochemical measurements, including bulk organic and inorganic geochemistry, to characterize these rocks and their variability more completely for improved interpretations of depositional environments during a low-order sea-level transgression. The facies described in this study are of the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation in the USGS #1 Portland Core drilled in Fremont County, Colorado. Strata of the Greenhorn Formation span Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE-2) and the preceding interval. Lithologies range from organic-rich argillaceous mudstones with varied sedimentary structures to organic-lean, highly bioturbated limestones. Six facies were identified, each differentiated by varied sedimentary structures and geochemical composition. These facies occur in a predictable stratigraphic stacking pattern that represents a low-order sea-level transgression with interpreted depositional environments ranging from terrigenous-dominated pro-delta and muddy continental shelf at the base of the interval to pelagic offshore marine at the top of the Greenhorn Formation. Though the facies are consistent with previous interpretations of depositional environments at this locale in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway during the Greenhorn cyclothem, the sedimentary processes governing the accumulation of organic-rich strata that have defined this interval are significantly revised. Variability in the proximity and intensity of bottom currents driven by storms and geostrophic flows were key to the accumulation of each facies, with significant sediment transport occurring even through deposition in the most oxygen-depleted bottom waters. The methodology and interpretations provided here are now being employed to basin-scale predictions of organic enrichment utilizing calibrated petrophysical methods. The approach and results from this study improve understanding of how organic and inorganic carbon was sequestered during perturbations to the global carbon cycle associated with events such as OAE-2.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2024.138","usgsCitation":"Flaum, J.A., French, K.L., Birdwell, J.E., and Timm, K.K., 2026, An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 96, no. 1, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2024.138.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-172359","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Fremont County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ],\n [\n -106.13236791392487,\n 37.86241312434697\n ],\n [\n -104.5947771998546,\n 37.80870262042711\n ],\n [\n -104.5650571117552,\n 38.76694004570902\n ],\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flaum, Jason A. 0000-0003-1251-1142","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-1142","contributorId":300809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flaum","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"French, Katherine L. 0000-0002-0153-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8035","contributorId":205462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":954085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Timm, Kira K. 0000-0002-7439-4626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-4626","contributorId":270009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Timm","given":"Kira","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273386,"text":"sir20255084 - 2026 - Groundwater tracing used to delineate recharge areas and map karst groundwater pathways for subterranean streams at Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T17:07:56.82459","indexId":"sir20255084","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T10:31:24","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5084","displayTitle":"Groundwater Tracing Used to Delineate Recharge Areas and Map Karst Groundwater Pathways for Subterranean Streams at Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve","title":"Groundwater tracing used to delineate recharge areas and map karst groundwater pathways for subterranean streams at Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve","docAbstract":"Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve in southwestern Oregon is a 4,554-acre area managed by the National Park Service that is home to several cave systems, including Oregon Caves, which is the longest cave in Oregon, with 3.03 miles of mapped passages. Because of the interconnected nature of karst hydrologic systems, it is critical to understand the areas that can influence water quality and quantity in karst environments. Toward this goal, dye tracing was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey from 2021 to 2024 to better understand the pathways that karst groundwater follows at Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve and to delineate recharge areas for two caves, Oregon Caves and Cave Next Door. During the project, eight dye injections were conducted, delineating a 0.51-square-mile recharge area for Oregon Caves and a 0.69-square-mile recharge area for Cave Next Door. Additionally, the study helped to identify three resurgences associated with Oregon Caves that were previously unknown and showed that the recharge areas for the two caves were distinct from one another. The dye traces also illuminated some unique recharge characteristics of the karst at Oregon Caves, including a high variance in karst groundwater velocities, retention within the karst aquifers, and a significant diffuse-flow component.
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Critical water supply watersheds in the western United States (WUS) are impacted by wildfires, with potential negative effects on water quality and quantity. Scientific understanding is currently insufficient to deliver estimates of wildfire consequences for water quantity that are regionally accurate. Regional variability in the directionality and magnitude of post-wildfire shifts in streamflow generation fuels uncertainty in estimates of wildfire effects on water supply. In this work we provide a narrative review of wildfire effects on hydrologic processes and the resulting changes in streamflow generation mechanisms with a focus on the WUS, incorporating other global regions when pertinent. A conceptual model summary of wildfire effects on streamflow generation emphasizes: (1) precipitation seasonality, (2) synchrony of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, (3) net shifts in interception, evaporation, and transpiration relative to total annual precipitation, (4) vegetation changes, including compensatory uptake and type conversion, (5) degree of overlap in rainfall rates and infiltration, (6) fire extent and severity, (7) burn scar positioning (e.g. in headwaters or proximal to watershed outlet), (8) scale-dependent groundwater leakage, (9) near-surface water storage reduction, and (10) soil to groundwater connectivity. Ongoing gaps and challenges include separating the influences of precipitation variability, water withdrawals, and post-fire land management; compound and overlapping disturbances; and lack of pre-fire data. Notable future opportunities include: harnessing ever-improving gridded and remotely sensed precipitation and fire-effects data; linking geophysical, isotopic tracer, and geochemical signatures to diagnose hydrologic changes; leveraging physically based and data-driven model advancements; and analyzing streamflow generation recovery trajectories across diverse watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., Hammond, J., Walvoord, M.A., Partridge, T.F., Rey, D., and Murphy, S.F., 2026, A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms: Environmental Research: Water, v. 1, no. 4, 042001, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64.","productDescription":"042001, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178244","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":218151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Partridge, Trevor Fuess 0000-0003-1589-4783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-4783","contributorId":302668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Partridge","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"Fuess","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273478,"text":"70273478 - 2026 - Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T14:45:03.556815","indexId":"70273478","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T08:35:29","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18346,"text":"EarthArXiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","docAbstract":"Computation of detailed groundwater flow budgets for subdivisions of Virginia’s Coastal Plain aquifer system has enabled quantification and more thorough understanding of groundwater flow within this important water resource. A zone budget analysis conducted on previously published groundwater models of the Virginia Coastal Plain and Virginia Eastern Shore shows that groundwater conditions vary substantially throughout the Coastal Plain aquifer system due to local variations in hydrogeology and historical and ongoing variations in groundwater use and management. Decades of substantial groundwater withdrawal from the Coastal Plain aquifer system have fundamentally altered groundwater flow from pre-development conditions. Rates of sustainable withdrawal are limited because the downward groundwater flow rate into confined aquifers supplying groundwater is a relatively small portion of the total groundwater water budget for the aquifer system.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Coastal Plain model show that groundwater flow is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to rivers and coastal water bodies and downward through a series of underlying aquifers and confining units to the Potomac aquifer, which is the deepest aquifer and the source of most groundwater withdrawals. Downward flow into the Potomac aquifer currently is estimated to be only 7 percent of total net precipitation-derived net recharge at the land surface but makes up about 66 percent of inflow to the aquifer in Virginia, with much of the remaining inflow occurring laterally from areas outside of defined groundwater budget regions in Virginia. For several decades prior to 2010, high rates of withdrawal from the Potomac aquifer resulted in substantial decline in groundwater storage in the aquifer and in most overlying aquifers and confining units. From 2010 to 2025, rates of withdrawal substantially lower than the historical maximum have resulted in small net increases in groundwater storage in the confined aquifer system for most regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain. Nevertheless, for the same period, groundwater storage for the entire model domain continues to incrementally decline, indicating that storage recovery in Virginia is offset by a continued decrease in storage in areas beneath the Chesapeake Bay or in adjacent areas of Maryland and North Carolina. Withdrawals from the Potomac aquifer have induced substantial downward flow which is a large part of groundwater budgets for confined aquifers such as the Potomac. Downward groundwater flow continues under current conditions, but because vertical flow rates are a function of the difference between water pressure in the upper surficial systems and lower confined units, those rates are lower than those in earlier decades as the confined water levels partially recover from larger groundwater withdrawals in the past. Geographically, groundwater flow is generally inward from perimeter regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain toward central regions with the largest withdrawal rates. Estimated groundwater inflow from coastal regions could be contributing to saltwater intrusion, though that was not measured directly in this study.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Eastern Shore peninsula, a geographic region of the Virginia Coastal Plain, show that groundwater flow for that isolated aquifer system is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to coastal water bodies and downward into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system, which is the source of most withdrawals. Downward groundwater flow into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system is estimated to be less than 2 percent of total recharge and less than 9 percent of net recharge at the water table but makes up over 93 percent of all inflow to the confined aquifer system. Decades of substantial but relatively consistent groundwater withdrawals have induced greater downward flow rates into the confined aquifer system but also have resulted in loss of groundwater from storage. Currently, estimated storage loss accounts for slightly under 7 percent of withdrawals from the confined aquifer system. The current withdrawal rate from the confined Yorktown-Eastover system is near the highest reported rate for the Eastern Shore, which means that the storage depletion is expected to continue, even though groundwater levels appear to be relatively stable. Estimated groundwater flow rates upward from the confining unit underlying the Yorktown-Eastover system and small rates of inflow from coastal water bodies underscore ongoing concerns about up-coning and lateral intrusion of salty groundwater.
The hydrologic regime of the upper Mississippi River (UMR) has become wetter, with greater discharges, longer-lasting high-flow conditions, and seasonal shifts in these patterns over the past several decades. How these changes are expressed spatially as floodplain inundation area, frequency, depth, duration, and timing is not well understood. It is also unclear to what degree spatial patterns of submergence are represented by examining discharge data alone. We assessed changes in floodplain inundation characteristics from 1940 to 2022 in navigation pools 3–10 of the UMR using a geospatial model to simulate daily inundation depths. Inundation characteristics shifted significantly across pools, but the direction and magnitude of change varied by pool and metric. Characteristics summarized at the pool scale correlated with streamgage-derived proxies but the strength of the relationship varied. Within pools, variability in inundation trends highlighted the importance of spatially explicit modeling. Our study demonstrates that changes in discharge over 83 years have manifested across the UMR floodplain in ways that may have consequences for ecological patterns and processes. By mapping hydrologically sensitive areas, we can anticipate which areas may be susceptible to additional shifts in river discharge in a climatically uncertain future.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025WR040614","usgsCitation":"Van Appledorn, M., De Jager, N.R., Rohweder, J.J., Windmuller-Campione, M., and Griffin, D., 2026, More water, more of the time: Spatial changes in flooding over 83 years in the upper Mississippi River floodplain and relationships with streamgage-derived proxies: Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 1, e2025WR040614, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR040614.","productDescription":"e2025WR040614, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177472","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr040614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota, Wiscosnin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River floodplain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 45.61816060242495\n ],\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 42.68629353773204\n ],\n [\n -90.60968047878275,\n 42.68629353773204\n ],\n [\n -90.60968047878275,\n 45.61816060242495\n ],\n [\n -94.18148467325908,\n 45.61816060242495\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125 ndejager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":3717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"ndejager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. 0000-0001-5131-9773 jrohweder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-9773","contributorId":150539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Windmuller-Campione, Marcella","contributorId":292936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Windmuller-Campione","given":"Marcella","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Griffin, Daniel","contributorId":203862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffin","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36733,"text":"Department of Geography, Environment &Society, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273469,"text":"70273469 - 2026 - Biophysical controls on sediment erodibility in shallow estuarine embayments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-15T14:56:30.581359","indexId":"70273469","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T08:50:15","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9326,"text":"JGR Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biophysical controls on sediment erodibility in shallow estuarine embayments","docAbstract":"The erodibility of cohesive sediment is known to vary both spatially and temporally but the factors governing its variation are not well understood. We conducted a field investigation of the influence of hydrodynamic forcing, sediment properties, and benthic infauna on erodibility in the muddy shallows of San Pablo and Grizzly Bays in northern San Francisco Bay in summer 2019 and winter 2020. An erosion rate parameter Mc was determined from regressions between near-bed vertical turbulent sediment flux, as a proxy for erosion, and bed shear stress due to currents. During each 2-month study period, we measured benthic infauna abundance and dry bulk density, particle size distribution, percent organic carbon, chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, and carbohydrates carbon concentrations of surficial bed sediments five or six times. Mc increased with bed shear stress due to waves in both embayments. In San Pablo Bay, erodibility was approximately 50% lower during the winter than the summer deployment, whereas in Grizzly Bay, there was no significant difference. The factor most strongly related to the decrease in Mc in San Pablo Bay was increased abundance of the amphipod Ampelisca abdita. The observed reduction in erodibility may occur in many muddy estuaries because A. abdita is broadly distributed in the coastal waters of North America. Erodibility was also directly related to biomass of the invasive clam Potamocorbula amurensis. Erodibility did not depend on dry bulk density: bulk density did not vary seasonally in San Pablo Bay and was lower in winter than summer in Grizzly Bay.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JG008950","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J.R., McGill, S., Thompson, J., Allen, R., Parchaso, F., Hart, D., WinklerPrins, L.T., Fackrell, J.K., and Stevens, A.W., 2026, Biophysical controls on sediment erodibility in shallow estuarine embayments: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 131, no. 1, e2025JG008950, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JG008950.","productDescription":"e2025JG008950, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176847","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jg008950","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Grizzly Bay, San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.55721447677519,\n 38.20084657985487\n ],\n [\n -122.55721447677519,\n 37.97556183117294\n ],\n [\n -121.92713639875167,\n 37.97556183117294\n ],\n [\n -121.92713639875167,\n 38.20084657985487\n ],\n [\n -122.55721447677519,\n 38.20084657985487\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGill, Samantha C. 0000-0001-9320-8764","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9320-8764","contributorId":304095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"Samantha C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet 0000-0002-1528-8452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":217718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Rachel 0000-0002-0287-6466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-6466","contributorId":216002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parchaso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":217719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchaso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hart, David 0000-0002-1700-5524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-5524","contributorId":345512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"WinklerPrins, Lukas T. 0000-0003-0508-1455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-1455","contributorId":304096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"WinklerPrins","given":"Lukas","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":65968,"text":"UC Berkeley, contracted to USGS PCMSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fackrell, Joseph K. 0000-0001-8148-3734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-3734","contributorId":225515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fackrell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. 0000-0003-2334-129X astevens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-129X","contributorId":139313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70273711,"text":"70273711 - 2026 - The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-26T15:46:30.900446","indexId":"70273711","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T08:39:59","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations","docAbstract":"Many estuaries worldwide face increasing sediment loading caused by catchment land use change and intensification, creating subsequent adverse effects on estuarine ecosystems. Extreme weather events can disproportionately alter sediment pathways and loading. Although storm-driven sediment exchange has been widely examined at open coasts and inlets, key transport mechanisms within constricted, sheltered estuaries remain understudied.
This study presents an observational dataset capturing the impact of a 99th percentile water-level event (based on 20 years of records) on sediment transport pathways in a sheltered, barrier-enclosed estuary. This event, driven by a 3-day storm surge (>0.5 m) combined with a spring tide, was recorded during a 3-week field campaign.
Sediment transport pathways and riverine contributions were analysed, and observations revealed substantial changes in suspended sediment concentrations increasing from 18 mg/l to 70 mg/l during the event. The elevated water levels and resulting pressure gradient at the constricted study site entrance caused by the storm surge increased local flood dominance. Combined with higher flow velocities and resuspension, the storm led to a sixfold increase in sediment import at the estuary entrance and a 600-fold increase in sediment flux to the upper estuary.
The decoupling of peak suspended sediment concentrations from streamflow indicates that the resuspension of estuarine legacy sediment, rather than catchment inputs, dominated the system's response.
These findings challenge assumptions about estuarine sediment budgets and emphasise that incorporating high water-level surge events into models can enhance the prediction of long-term estuarine evolution. Given projected increases in storm frequency under climate change, understanding these episodic but highly consequential sediment pulses can support the assessment of wetland resilience and inform estuarine management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.70229","usgsCitation":"Vaassen, S.M., Bryan, K.R., Swales, A., Carr, J., and Pilditch, C.A., 2026, The contribution of a surge event to infilling in a barrier-enclosed estuary: Insights from field observations: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 51, no. 1, e70229, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70229.","productDescription":"e70229, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176448","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70229","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Whangateau Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -36.289067166278265\n ],\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -37.15272692595895\n ],\n [\n 175.7634562180076,\n -37.15272692595895\n ],\n [\n 175.7634562180076,\n -36.289067166278265\n ],\n [\n 174.32168403285908,\n -36.289067166278265\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vaassen, Sanne M.","contributorId":365581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaassen","given":"Sanne","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":38833,"text":"University of Auckland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bryan, Karin R.","contributorId":229417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryan","given":"Karin","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12678,"text":"University of Waikato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swales, Andrew","contributorId":149632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swales","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carr, Joel 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":220098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pilditch, Conrad A.","contributorId":365584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilditch","given":"Conrad","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":26898,"text":"University of Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273482,"text":"70273482 - 2026 - The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T15:27:14.596406","indexId":"70273482","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-14T07:40:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements","docAbstract":"From 2019 to 2024, gravity surveys were conducted at the Three Sisters volcanic cluster (TSVC), measuring 246 gravity sites using a spring relative gravimeter. We calculated the residual Bouguer anomaly and identified three main zones with negative anomalies, ranging from −4 to −8 mGal, located southwest and west of South Sister, within an area that has been uplifting for the past two decades. After inversion, we obtain a 3D density model of the subsurface and identify low-density bodies extending from the surface down to 3 km. We estimate a total of 15 km3 of crustal bodies with density close to 2 g/cm3 that could store up to ~5 km3 of water, forming an extensive hydrothermal system beneath the TSVC. We explore the possible combinations of melt compositions and temperatures that could create a bulk density close to our reference crustal density (2.5 g/cm3) using MELTS thermodynamic simulations. Our results indicate that a magmatic mush with as little as 15% partial melt of bulk rhyolitic composition or as much as 52%–57% partial melt of a bulk dacitic composition could be stored in a magmatic system under TSVC without generating a detectable gravity anomaly. Episodic magma injections at the base of the magmatic system, such as the 1998–2000 intrusion at ~6 km depth, would bring heat and gas to the hydrothermal system while maintaining a low melt fraction in the magmatic mush, as imaged at other Cascade volcanoes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JB031886","usgsCitation":"Le Mevel, H., Andersen, N.L., Dechert, A.E., and Dufek, J., 2026, The magmatic-hydrothermal system of the Three Sisters volcanic cluster, Oregon, imaged from field gravity measurements: JGR Solid Earth, v. 131, no. 1, e2025JB031886, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB031886.","productDescription":"e2025JB031886, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178279","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498736,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Three Sisters volcanic cluster","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.16602505212751\n ],\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.00814911568179\n ],\n [\n -121.67001872468549,\n 44.00814911568179\n ],\n [\n -121.67001872468549,\n 44.16602505212751\n ],\n [\n -121.85498844236317,\n 44.16602505212751\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Le Mevel, Helene","contributorId":345674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Mevel","given":"Helene","affiliations":[{"id":82691,"text":"Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, Nathan Lee 0000-0002-4152-4914","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-4914","contributorId":345693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dechert, Annika E.","contributorId":365193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dechert","given":"Annika","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dufek, Josef","contributorId":365194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dufek","given":"Josef","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273737,"text":"70273737 - 2026 - Bird predation obscures detection of acoustic telemetry tags in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T14:12:36.171101","indexId":"70273737","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-13T10:58:23","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird predation obscures detection of acoustic telemetry tags in fish","docAbstract":"Increasing application of acoustic telemetry for determining survival, migration and habitat use of fishes highlights the need to improve interpretation of tracks that end abruptly: when is fishing mortality, predation, or some other cause to be inferred? Significant technological advances have led to the development of tags that “sense” predation and can be used to infer information about the type of predator that consumed the tagged fish. However, growing evidence suggests that bird predation is not effectively quantified by the technology. We hypothesized that reduction in sound transmission from acoustic tags in the gut of a bird combined with short bird diving intervals would eliminate detections of acoustic telemetry tags from the surface and severely reduce detection efficiency at depth. We test this hypothesis indirectly with two experiments using cormorant carcasses containing tagged fish in which carcasses were either tethered to a mooring for several hours or lowered through the water to simulate diving behavior. Detection of tagged prey fish in the gut of bird carcasses was severely reduced or negated completely, supporting our hypothesis. By comparison, as expected, tagged fish that were not in the gut of bird carcasses were detected at a higher frequency. Depth and distance to passive moored receivers also affected detection probability of tagged fish with more detections at depth and when closer to the receiver. Our results emphasized the importance of accounting for avian predation of tagged fish in studies of prey species in surface waters. Further, while recent development of predation sensing tags has illustrated a few examples of bird predation, our results demonstrate that determining that a tagged fish has been consumed by a diving bird will be difficult and will likely require alternative methods or technologies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40317-025-00441-1","usgsCitation":"Kraus, R., Roberts, J., Dufour, M.R., and Branden E. Kohler, 2026, Bird predation obscures detection of acoustic telemetry tags in fish: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 14, 2, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-025-00441-1.","productDescription":"2, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177144","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499319,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-025-00441-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499098,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Richard 0000-0003-4494-1841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":216548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, James 0000-0002-4193-610X jroberts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-610X","contributorId":5453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"James","email":"jroberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dufour, Mark Richard 0000-0001-6930-7666","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-7666","contributorId":291450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dufour","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Branden E. Kohler","contributorId":365630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branden E. Kohler","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273496,"text":"70273496 - 2026 - Identifying headwater streams across the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:52:21.390954","indexId":"70273496","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-13T08:44:42","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying headwater streams across the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Headwater streams play critical roles in hydrologic and biogeochemical processes and functions, yet their spatial distribution and land cover context remain poorly understood at continental scales, and no dedicated geospatial dataset exists. Building from a high-resolution conterminous United States (CONUS) hydrography network dataset, we quantified the spatial extent, density, and upstream catchment characteristics of headwater stream segments across the CONUS. We identified approximately 8.4 million kilometers of headwater streams, finding that 77% of the total stream network consists of headwaters, nearly double the total length represented in prior estimates. Stream density varied fivefold across regions, from < 1 km·km−2 in arid basins to > 5 km·km−2 in humid, forested areas. Over 73% of the CONUS landmass drains from headwater streams. The majority of headwater stream length occurred in forested and cultivated catchments across the CONUS, while substantial regional differences were evident for headwater stream distribution in other land cover classes (for example, wetlands, urban areas, shrublands, and herbaceous-dominated catchments). The dedicated and novel geospatial dataset, HELiOS (HEadwater streams and Low-Order Systems) is introduced for management and research use. The HELiOS dataset provides the first continental-scale, high-resolution characterization of headwater streams, offering new insights and opportunities for hydrologic modeling, ecological assessments, and environmental policy.
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Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273087,"text":"fs20253053 - 2026 - Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with hydrocarbon production from the Haynesville Formation within the onshore United States and State waters of the Gulf Coast Basin, 2024","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T20:27:08.747394","indexId":"fs20253053","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-09T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3053","displayTitle":"Assessment of Water and Proppant Quantities Associated with Hydrocarbon Production from the Haynesville Formation Within the Onshore United States and State Waters of the Gulf Coast Basin, 2024","title":"Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with hydrocarbon production from the Haynesville Formation within the onshore United States and State waters of the Gulf Coast Basin, 2024","docAbstract":"Building on a geology-based assessment of undiscovered, technically recoverable hydrocarbon resources within the Haynesville Formation, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated the water and proppant necessary for development of the remaining resources associated with the Haynesville Sabine Uplift Continuous Gas Assessment Unit. Additionally, projections have been made on the volume of wastewater expected as a byproduct of possible future development. This fact sheet presents an overview of the methodology, along with the inputs and results of the Haynesville water and proppant assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253053","usgsCitation":"Gardner, R., Flaum, J.A., Haines, S.S., Birdwell, J.E., Kinney, S.A., Varela, B., French, K.L., Pitman, J.K., Paxton, S.T., Mercier, T.J., Schenk, C.J., Leathers-Miller, H.M., and Shook, H.D., 2026, Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with hydrocarbon production from the Haynesville Formation within the onshore United States and State waters of the Gulf Coast Basin, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3053, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253053.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-171002","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499599,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119154.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498591,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20253053/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2025-3053"},{"id":498515,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3053/fs20253053.xml"},{"id":497505,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1UCE8FT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project—Gulf Coast Mesozoic Province, Haynesville Formation Water and Proppant Assessment—Assessment Input Tables and Fact Sheet Data Tables"},{"id":498514,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3053/images"},{"id":497504,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3053/fs20253053.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.54 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3053"},{"id":497503,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3053/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102,\n 33.838592660251564\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 27.450416297985527\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 27.450416297985527\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 33.838592660251564\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 33.838592660251564\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
The U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC), 120 miles northeast of Los Angeles in the Mojave Desert of California, obtains its potable water supply from the Bicycle Valley and Langford Valley groundwater basins; Langford Valley groundwater basin is further subdivided into the Langford Well Lake and Irwin groundwater subbasins. The Irwin groundwater subbasin contains younger, unconsolidated deposits that have a saturated thickness of as much as 200 feet (ft) and a lower aquifer within older unconsolidated deposits as thick as 650 ft. Groundwater recharge under predevelopment conditions (before 1941) occurred primarily from infiltration of intermittent streamflow in small washes that cross the Irwin groundwater subbasin. Since that time, groundwater recharge has increased because of growth of the NTC in recent years and as a result of other processes, including (1) infiltration of treated wastewater into the aquifer through ponds near the NTC wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) and (2) infiltration of imported water and treated wastewater used for landscape irrigation at base housing and athletic fields.
Water samples were collected from 17 wells and analyzed for field parameters, chemical constituents, and isotope composition in the Irwin groundwater subbasin between 2014 and 2019. These data were supplemented with water- chemistry data collected during 1993–95 and at other times if available. Between 1993–95 and 2015–19, median dissolved solids and nitrate concentrations in water from wells in the Irwin groundwater subbasin increased from 620 to 1,030 milligrams per liter (mg/L) and from 2.8 to 4.5 mg/L as nitrogen, respectively. After 2014, dissolved solids and nitrate concentrations in water from wells near the NTC WWTF decreased as a result of changes in source water quality attributable to reverse osmosis of treated drinking water delivered within the Irwin groundwater subbasin and to increased levels of treatment at the NTC WWTF. Based on delta oxygen-18 and delta deuterium isotope data, increases in dissolved solids concentrations in water from most wells were consistent with evaporation prior to recharge and mobilization of soluble salts from the unsaturated zone. Arsenic and fluoride concentrations in water from wells decreased between 1993–95 and 2015–19 as the basin filled with treated wastewater, but 2015–19 concentrations generally exceeded the California State Water Resources Control Board maximum contaminant levels of 10 micrograms per liter for arsenic and 2 mg/L for fluoride. Most groundwater in the Irwin groundwater subbasin has unadjusted carbon- 14 ages ranging from 18,400 to 12,350 years before present. However, water from well 10E3, located along the wash near the subbasin outflow in the southeastern part of the Irwin groundwater subbasin, contained measurable tritium, which is consistent with infiltration of intermittent streamflow and groundwater recharge from the wash after 1952. Chemical and isotopic data indicate that treated wastewater is present in water from most wells in the upper aquifer that underlies the Irwin groundwater subbasin. Wells were not sampled to adequately determine the extent of treated wastewater and changes in water quality within the lower aquifer that underlies the Irwin groundwater subbasin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center","programNote":"Water Resources Mission Area—Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Densmore, J.N., Izbicki, J.A., Dick, M.C., and Bond, S., 2026, Evaluation of water quality in the Langford Valley–Irwin Groundwater Subbasin, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California, 1993–2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5105, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255105.","productDescription":"Report: x, 45 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-119450","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498846,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119155.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498463,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HQ9C4W","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality data for treated drinking water and treated wastewater effluent at Fort Irwin National Training Center"},{"id":498462,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5105/images"},{"id":498461,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5105/sir20255105.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5105 XML"},{"id":498460,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255105/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5105 HTML"},{"id":498459,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5105/sir20255105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5105 PDF"},{"id":498458,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5105/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Fort Irwin National Training Center, Langford Valley–Irwin Groundwater Subbasin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.8892991637174,\n 35.417534498160876\n ],\n [\n -116.8892991637174,\n 35.081465765359056\n ],\n [\n -116.43900695086751,\n 35.081465765359056\n ],\n [\n -116.43900695086751,\n 35.417534498160876\n ],\n [\n -116.8892991637174,\n 35.417534498160876\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
Karr (1981), which introduced the index of biotic (or biological) integrity (IBI) has been cited more often (>4,500 times) than any other paper in Fisheries. In this essay, we reflect on the historical context of this seminal publication and its broad, continuing impact on the management of natural resources, especially freshwater ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/fshmag/vuaf120","usgsCitation":"Angermeier, P., Karr, J.R., Yoder, C.O., and Hughes, R.M., 2026, Igniting the transition from water quality to biological condition and ecological health: Fisheries, v. 51, no. 1, p. 28-33, https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf120.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-181809","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498842,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":204519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karr, James R.","contributorId":365365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karr","given":"James","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yoder, Chris O.","contributorId":365431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoder","given":"Chris","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, Robert M.","contributorId":113579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274099,"text":"70274099 - 2026 - ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-25T15:35:31.584463","indexId":"70274099","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-09T08:26:28","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10942,"text":"PNAS Nexus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Sandy beaches act as buffers against various coastal hazards but are vulnerable to episodic (seasonal) and chronic (interannual) erosion. Understanding the variation of shoreline position, a key metric in coastal morphology, over a spectrum of time scales is therefore crucial in assessing hazard vulnerability. Long-standing research has investigated the role of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the dominant mode of climate variability in the Pacific Basin, in seasonal shoreline variability. Yet, ENSO’s chronic influence—and that of another Pacific climate mode, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)—on shoreline anomalies remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the variability of sandy beaches in the US Pacific Northwest, a ∼750 km long coastal region on the US West Coast. We leverage 40 years (1984–2024) of shoreline data from publicly available Earth-observing (Landsat) satellite imagery at a high spatial resolution (>10,000 shore-normal transects at 50-m alongshore spacing) and employ Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM), a methodology for inferring causality in dynamical systems. We discover that strong El Niño years are signified by erosion (75.1% of transects), and strong La Niña years exhibit accretional behavior (73.4% of transects). Furthermore, we establish, for the first time, that both ENSO and PDO exert a statistically significant control on interannual shoreline variability, particularly on the alongshore component (in 95 and 100% of littoral cells, respectively), with water level fluctuations playing a critical role. This effort advances our understanding of the seasonal-to-interannual interactions between Pacific Basin climate variability and the PNW’s coastal morphodynamics, with implications for sediment management and coastal adaptation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404","usgsCitation":"Taherkhani, M., Vitousek, S., Graffin, M., Vos, K., Allan, J.C., Kaminsky, G.M., Ruggiero, P., 2026, ENSO and PDO drive shoreline position anomalies in the U.S. Pacific Northwest: PNAS Nexus, v. 5, no. 1, pgaf404, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404.","productDescription":"pgaf404, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176083","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf404","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.83369555506572,\n 48.57459950593827\n ],\n [\n -126.00388302759357,\n 39.14100845126933\n ],\n [\n -122.98418105660868,\n 39.14100845126933\n ],\n [\n -122.61669284602645,\n 48.33915875055985\n ],\n [\n -125.83369555506572,\n 48.57459950593827\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taherkhani, Mohsen","contributorId":366984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taherkhani","given":"Mohsen","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graffin, Marcan","contributorId":366985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graffin","given":"Marcan","affiliations":[{"id":47711,"text":"University of Toulouse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vos, Kilian","contributorId":366986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vos","given":"Kilian","affiliations":[{"id":87519,"text":"OHB Digital Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan C.","contributorId":118007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaminsky, George M.","contributorId":366988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaminsky","given":"George","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25353,"text":"Washington State Department of Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":366989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273744,"text":"70273744 - 2026 - Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T16:57:38.288647","indexId":"70273744","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-08T10:47:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent","docAbstract":"Wastewater treatment effluents (WWTE) present complex risks to aquatic ecosystems that are difficult to characterize using traditional methods. This study systematically evaluated the consistency and performance of transcriptomic-based approaches over time with repeated sampling and with differing experimental approaches (selection of reference condition, grab vs. composite sampling, deployed vs. laboratory exposed). RNA-seq was performed on larval fathead minnow (FHM) exposed in the laboratory to moderately hard reconstituted water (MRHW) or individual grab samples collected from an upstream site and a WWTE in the morning and afternoon over two successive days, as well as FHM deployed concurrently with grab sampling at the same sites. Composite transcriptional profiles were generated by pooling count data from grab sample exposures. The choice of comparator significantly affected results. The use of the upstream site as the reference consistently yielded fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and minimal overlap compared to DEG sets from the other comparisons. Using MRHW as a comparator, DEG sets showed high consistency across grab samples, with morning samples demonstrating larger, highly consistent gene expression sets (96 % overlap) compared to afternoon samples, revealing clear and consistent within-day expression patterns. With the MHRW comparator, DEG sets from grab sample composites and deployments also overlapped substantially, indicating that transcriptional profiles accurately reflect WWTE composition regardless of exposure method. Comparisons with non-targeted (NTA) and targeted analytical datasets confirmed that gene expression interpretations aligned with effluent composition while highlighting limitations of relying solely on targeted analyte sets for connecting expression to specific chemicals. Though highly dependent on experimental design, these results demonstrate that transcriptomic-based methods provide significant utility for characterizing the bioactivity of complex environmental mixtures, and when paired with NTA datasets, have the potential to deliver a comprehensive assessment of their environmental risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127568","usgsCitation":"Biales, A., Hu, M.S., Bencic, D.C., See, M.J., Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E., Stelman, J.M., Huang, W., Kolpin, D., Mills, M.A., Brunelle, L.D., Batt, A.L., and Purucker, S.T., 2026, Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent: Environmental Pollution, v. 392, 127568, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127568.","productDescription":"127568, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177758","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"392","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biales, Adam","contributorId":200074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biales","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hu, M. S.","contributorId":365640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hu","given":"M.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":87172,"text":"USPEA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencic, D. C.","contributorId":365641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bencic","given":"D.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"See, M. J.","contributorId":365642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"See","given":"M.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glassmeyer, Susan T.","contributorId":184135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glassmeyer","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, E.T.","contributorId":365643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"E.T.","affiliations":[{"id":37374,"text":"Retired USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stelman, Julia M.","contributorId":365648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stelman","given":"Julia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huang, W.","contributorId":365644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":205652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana W.","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mills, Marc A.","contributorId":228849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Marc","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41517,"text":"U.S. Enviornmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brunelle, L. D.","contributorId":365645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunelle","given":"L.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Batt, Angela L.","contributorId":184134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batt","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Purucker, S. Thomas","contributorId":176291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Purucker","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70274286,"text":"70274286 - 2026 - Climate change has increased crop water consumption in Central Asia despite less water-intensive cropping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T14:18:48.133425","indexId":"70274286","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-08T09:11:32","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8956,"text":"Communications Earth & Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change has increased crop water consumption in Central Asia despite less water-intensive cropping","docAbstract":"Climate change and land use change are crucial determinants of crop water consumption, particularly in drylands where water scarcity limits crop production. In Central Asia, the effects of land use and climate changes on crop water consumption remain unknown. We estimated the dynamics of crop water consumption by mapping annual actual evapotranspiration from Landsat imagery from 1987 to 2019 for all irrigated croplands in the Amu Darya Basin, the largest transboundary river in Central Asia. Total crop water consumption increased by 10%, while average consumption per unit area increased by 18%. Climate change was the main driver of the rising crop water consumption; land use changes towards less water-intensive cropping practices offset only 3% of this increase. Our findings underscore that crop production will become increasingly challenging amidst accelerating climatic changes and that changing cropping practices alone will be insufficient to curb the growing water scarcity without a global commitment to reducing emissions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-03142-y","usgsCitation":"Peña-Guerrero, M.D., Senay, G., Umirbekov, A., Tarasova, L., Rufin, P., Pulatov, B., and Müller, D., 2026, Climate change has increased crop water consumption in Central Asia despite less water-intensive cropping: Communications Earth & Environment, v. 7, 122, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03142-y.","productDescription":"122, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180332","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03142-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan","otherGeospatial":"Amu Darya basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 55.14649185414618,\n 42.425007460866794\n ],\n [\n 55.14649185414618,\n 37.25183592908982\n ],\n [\n 69.68848488936624,\n 37.25183592908982\n ],\n [\n 69.68848488936624,\n 42.425007460866794\n ],\n [\n 55.14649185414618,\n 42.425007460866794\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peña-Guerrero, M. Daniela","contributorId":367745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peña-Guerrero","given":"M.","middleInitial":"Daniela","affiliations":[{"id":87619,"text":"Department of Catchment Hydrology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Umirbekov, A.","contributorId":367746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Umirbekov","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87622,"text":"Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale), Germany Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tarasova, L.","contributorId":367747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarasova","given":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":87623,"text":"Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rufin, P.","contributorId":367748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rufin","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":87624,"text":"Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pulatov, B.","contributorId":367749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pulatov","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":87625,"text":"Research Institute of Environment and Nature Conservation Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Müller, D.","contributorId":367750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Müller","given":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":87622,"text":"Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale), Germany Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272701,"text":"fs20253055 - 2026 - FluOil—A tool for estimating the transport and deposition of oil-particle aggregates in rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T17:05:03.22053","indexId":"fs20253055","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-07T07:29:50","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3055","displayTitle":"FluOil—A Tool for Estimating the Transport and Deposition of Oil-Particle Aggregates in Rivers","title":"FluOil—A tool for estimating the transport and deposition of oil-particle aggregates in rivers","docAbstract":"The FluOil tool was developed to help with planning and early response for oil spills in rivers where subsurface oil-sediment interactions result in the formation of oil-particle aggregates (OPA). The turbulence and variable velocity associated with water flowing within a natural stream channel creates the conditions needed for an oil slick to break up into small droplets and mix in the water column, collide with sediment or organic detritus, and form OPA. This process is similar to what occurs due to wave action along a shoreline. The FluOil tool estimates how fast OPA travel downstream in rivers as well as when and where they may deposit. The FluOil tool relies on pre-existing channel hydraulic data along with user-specified OPA characteristics of size, settling velocity and critical shear stress to compute OPA transport. It is important to know where OPA are transported and accumulated for understanding potential impacts on drinking water intakes, burial of sensitive habitat beds, potential toxicity to benthic organisms, and prolonged sheening from resuspension and breakup. OPA tend to accumulate with fine-grained (silt and clay) sediment deposits (“mud” or “muck”) in backwater areas, oxbows, side channels, pools, and other slow-moving reaches of rivers during low flows. Deposited OPA can be resuspended during high flows, driving continued environmental impact concerns that may extend beyond typical oil spill response timelines.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Inland Oil Spill Preparedness Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Lake Superior State University, and Natural Resources Canada","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F., Roland, C., Vaughan, A., Zhu, Z., Soong, D., and Sortor, R., 2026, FluOil—A tool for estimating the transport and deposition of oil-particle aggregates in rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3055, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253055.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-178930","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497094,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3055/fs20253055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025–3055"},{"id":497093,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3055/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497101,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P99MJ6MD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"FluOil model and related datasets for Kalamazoo River, Michigan, oil spill—July 21 to October 31, 2010"},{"id":497100,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20253055/full","text":"Report","description":"FS 2025–3055 HTML"},{"id":497099,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3055/images"},{"id":497098,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3055/fs20253055.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"}}],"contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
The FluOil tool helps oil spill planners and responders estimate how fast and far oiled sediment (called oil-particle aggregates [OPA]) can travel in rivers during an oil spill, and where it may settle out on the riverbed. The user interface makes it easy to run the tool for a range of river flow conditions and OPA characteristics.
","publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roland, Collin 0000-0003-1004-0746","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-0746","contributorId":343660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roland","given":"Collin","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vaughan, Angus 0000-0001-9900-4658","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9900-4658","contributorId":302333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughan","given":"Angus","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Zhenduo","contributorId":340263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhenduo","affiliations":[{"id":81528,"text":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soong, David 0000-0003-0404-2163","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-2163","contributorId":206523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sortor, Rachel 0000-0002-8778-4383","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8778-4383","contributorId":298591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sortor","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273363,"text":"70273363 - 2026 - Assessing future hydrologic extremes using an integrated hydrology and river operations model in the Russian River watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-09T17:31:50.365144","indexId":"70273363","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T11:26:38","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing future hydrologic extremes using an integrated hydrology and river operations model in the Russian River watershed","docAbstract":"Fluvial export of dissolved carbon plays an important role in watershed-scale biogeochemistry. Predicted changes in climate are expected to impact watershed hydrologic regimes, and in turn, the sources and export of dissolved carbon from watersheds. Here, we utilize high resolution measurements of discharge and dissolved carbon concentration to examine how concentration-discharge (CQ) relationships vary seasonally and during high flow events over the main runoff season (May–October) in a temperate forested watershed in Southeast Alaska. Concentration-discharge relationships for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and alkalinity demonstrated strong seasonal patterns, with more linear relationships in May and June versus other months. Changing power law model slopes (b values; the exponent in a power law regression between runoff and carbon yields) indicated potentially shifting watershed sources (biogenic vs. geologic) and contrasting dominant flowpaths (shallow vs. deeper groundwater) for DOC and alkalinity over the sampling period. During the largest storm event of the study, DOC and alkalinity b values shifted from an overall pattern of transport (mean b = 1.58 values >1.0 indicate transport limitation) and source limitation (mean b = 0.48, values <1.0 indicate source limitation) to chemostatic (DOC, b = 0.99; alkalinity, b = 1.019). In June through August, patterns in hysteresis index suggest that CQ relationships were altered when storms followed in close succession to each other. Together, these findings indicate that seasonal and antecedent flow conditions play a role in dissolved carbon export from forested watersheds. Understanding these dynamics, particularly during winter months, will become increasingly important as changes to hydroclimate impact riverine carbon export.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JG009090","usgsCitation":"Delbecq, C., Fellman, J.B., Bellmore, J.R., Whitney, E.J., Fitzgerald, K., Falke, J.A., 2026, Season and antecedent conditions impact concentration-discharge relationships for dissolved organic carbon and alkalinity in southeast Alaskan watershed: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 131, no. 1, e2025JG009090, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JG009090.","productDescription":"e2025JG009090, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174690","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jg009090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Montana Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.63915248759182,\n 59.21990475595436\n ],\n [\n -136.63915248759182,\n 57.522914720234525\n ],\n [\n -134.63466688093874,\n 57.522914720234525\n ],\n [\n -134.63466688093874,\n 59.21990475595436\n ],\n [\n -136.63915248759182,\n 59.21990475595436\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delbecq, Claire","contributorId":337162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delbecq","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fellman, Jason B.","contributorId":366494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fellman","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bellmore, J. Ryan","contributorId":366495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellmore","given":"J.","middleInitial":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":27863,"text":"U. S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitney, Emily J.","contributorId":366496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitney","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Kevin","contributorId":332288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274052,"text":"70274052 - 2026 - Integrating climate data and river modeling to reveal Chinook salmon habitat conditions in subarctic river basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:27:36.372921","indexId":"70274052","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T08:21:05","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating climate data and river modeling to reveal Chinook salmon habitat conditions in subarctic river basins","docAbstract":"Climatic extremes can impact the productivity of aquatic species, affecting ecosystems and fishery-dependent communities. Advances in climate products, such as gridded datasets and downscaled projections, may be useful for quantifying freshwater habitat conditions and predicting climate change effects on fish. However, limited guidance exists for selecting climate products to develop indicators of freshwater habitat conditions that influence fish population dynamics. Here, we develop an approach for identifying streamflow and stream temperature models to address this need. We evaluated skill in predicted versus observed streamflow and stream temperature, with predictions depending on different models and gridded climate data as inputs. The best performing models were used in a case study exploring habitat conditions influencing Chinook salmon in the Yukon and Kuskokwim River basins, two remote high-latitude watersheds with few in situ habitat observations and recent salmon declines. Three modeled streamflow datasets had variable performance (median Nash–Sutcliffe efficiencies from 0.39 to 0.70). Three gridded temperature products differed in their ability to explain variation in weekly stream temperatures (median r2 from 0.42 to 0.76). We selected a single gridded air temperature dataset to compare two novel predictive stream temperature models, both of which had good accuracy (root mean squared error [RMSE] of 1.19 and 0.95°C). Stream temperature indicators calculated from modeled daily data, maximum temperatures during adult migration and cumulative temperatures during juvenile rearing, had high spatial correlation across tributaries within the Yukon and Kuskokwim River basins and showed significant warming over the past 40 years. Streamflow indicators calculated from modeled daily data, maximum flow during spawning and median flow during rearing, had few trends and were largely uncorrelated within the Yukon River basin and moderately correlated within the Kuskokwim River basin. Overall, we found that generic measures of model performance varied considerably, and it was important to consider the models best suited to our case study. For both streamflow and stream temperature, multiple high-performing models allowed estimation of ecologically relevant conditions affecting Chinook salmon. The approach we used to estimate local-scale habitat conditions has value to identify synchronous conditions that may influence multiple salmon populations under a changing subarctic climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70399","usgsCitation":"Shaftel, R., Feddern, M.L., McAfee, S.A., Schoen, E.R., Cunningham, C., von Biela, V.R., Paul, J., Cheng, Y., Newman, A., Perdue, M., Schwenk, J., von Finster, A., Falke, J.A., 2026, Integrating climate data and river modeling to reveal Chinook salmon habitat conditions in subarctic river basins: Ecosphere, v. 17, no. 1, e70399, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70399.","productDescription":"e70399, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170801","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70399","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuskokwim River basin, Yukon River 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and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations","indexId":"70271720","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70273497,"text":"70273497 - 2026 - Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the conterminous United States (CONUS): developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations","indexId":"70273497","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"title":"Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the conterminous United States (CONUS): developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T15:17:42.806547","indexId":"70273497","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T08:09:21","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7170,"text":"Frontiers in Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the conterminous United States (CONUS): developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations","docAbstract":"Forecasts of streamflow drought, when streamflow declines below typical levels, are notably less available than for floods or meteorological drought, despite widespread impacts. We apply machine learning (ML) models to forecast streamflow drought 1–13 weeks ahead at 3,219 streamgages across the conterminous United States. We applied two ML methods (Long short-term memory neural networks; Light Gradient-Boosting Machine) and two benchmark models (persistence; Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) to predict weekly streamflow percentiles with independent models for each forecast horizon. ML models outperformed benchmarks in predicting continuous streamflow percentiles below 30%. ML models generally performed worse than persistence models for discrete classification (moderate, severe, extreme) but exceeded the benchmark models for drought onset/termination. Performance was better for less intense droughts and shorter horizons, with predictive power for 1–4 weeks for severe droughts (10% threshold). This work highlights challenges and opportunities to advance hydrological drought forecasting and supports a new experimental forecasting tool.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Zwart, Jacob Aaron 0000-0002-3870-405X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3870-405X","contributorId":237809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwart","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70273957,"text":"70273957 - 2026 - Selenium and mercury tissue partitioning and trophodynamics in the Lake Koocanusa (USA–Canada) fish community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-19T15:44:10.021326","indexId":"70273957","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-05T09:35:24","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium and mercury tissue partitioning and trophodynamics in the Lake Koocanusa (USA–Canada) fish community","docAbstract":"Mining-related contaminants such as selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) accumulate in aquatic organisms and transfer through aquatic food webs, where they can exert toxic effect undermining the ecological health of aquatic resources. Yet, how Se and Hg co-distribute within food webs and within individual organisms remains poorly understood. We compiled muscle and ovary Se and Hg concentration data from fishes captured in Lake Koocanusa—a North American reservoir receiving elevated Se and Hg inputs from coal mining operations in the Elk River Valley, Canada—to provide insights into the co-processing of Se and Hg within fish and among fish species, including how ecological or seasonal factors shift these distribution patterns. Se and Hg concentrations (ranges: 0.21–38.7 μg Se g−1 dry weight and 0.01–0.84 μg Hg g−1 wet weight), as well as Se:Hg molar ratios, varied substantially between tissues and among species, reflecting biological and ecological differences. Our results suggest that the decoupling of Se or Hg deposition in fish muscle versus ovary may reflect different pathways of impairment, at the individual and population levels, and that interspecific and tissue-specific variability makes it challenging to set a universal Se:Hg threshold for the protection of aquatic organisms.
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