As of 2020, STATEMAP has invested more than $150 million in 48 State geological surveys, matched dollar for dollar, to complete geologic mapping projects crucial to the health and security of State natural resources and residents. For more information about STATEMAP and other geologic mapping efforts supported by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, visit https://ncgmp.usgs.gov.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Association of American State Geologists","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, A., and McPhee, D.K., 2020, U.S. Geological Survey STATEMAP Program—Geologic mapping for the public good: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3060, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193060.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-100708","costCenters":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3060/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":376538,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3060/fs20193060.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"contact":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Mail Stop 908
Reston, Virginia 20192
The July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence in southeastern California was characterized as surprising because only ~35% of the rupture occurred on previously mapped faults. Employing more detailed inspection of pre-event high-resolution topography and imagery in combination with field observations, we document evidence of active faulting in the landscape along the entire fault system. Scarps, deflected drainages, and lineaments and contrasts in topography, vegetation, and ground color demonstrate previous slip on a dense network of orthogonal faults, consistent with patterns of surface rupture observed in 2019. Not all of these newly mapped fault strands ruptured in 2019. Outcrop-scale field observations additionally reveal tufa lineaments and sheared Quaternary deposits. Neotectonic features are commonly short (<2 km), discontinuous, and display en echelon patterns along both the M 6.4 and M 7.1 ruptures. These features are generally more prominent and better preserved outside the late Pleistocene lake basins. Fault expression may also be related to deformation style: scarps and topographic lineaments are more prevalent in areas where substantial vertical motion occurred in 2019. Where strike-slip displacement dominated in 2019, the faults are mainly expressed by less prominent tonal and vegetation features. Both the NE- and NW-trending active fault systems are subparallel to regional bedrock fabrics that were established as early as ~150 Ma, and may be reactivating these older structures. Overall, we estimate that 50-70% (i.e., an additional 15-35%) of the 2019 surface ruptures could have been recognized as active faults with detailed inspection of pre-event data. Similar detailed mapping of potential neotectonic features could help improve seismic hazard analyses in other regions of eastern California and elsewhere that have distributed faulting or incompletely mapped faults. In areas where faults cannot be resolved as single thoroughgoing structures, a zone of potential faulting should be used as a hazard model input.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200041","usgsCitation":"Thompson Jobe, J., Philibosian, B.E., Chupik, C., Dawson, T.E., Bennett, S.E., Gold, R.D., DuRoss, C., Ladinsky, T.C., Kendrick, K.J., Haddon, E., Pierce, I., Swanson, B.J., and Seitz, G., 2020, Evidence of previous faulting along the 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake ruptures: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1427-1456, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200041.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1427","endPage":"1456","ipdsId":"IP-115636","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ENA24Y","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pre-existing features associated with active faulting in the vicinity of the 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake sequence"},{"id":376748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.30603027343749,\n 34.46127728843705\n ],\n [\n -116.49902343749999,\n 34.46127728843705\n ],\n [\n -116.49902343749999,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -119.30603027343749,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -119.30603027343749,\n 34.46127728843705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson Jobe, Jessica 0000-0001-5574-4523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-4523","contributorId":225113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson Jobe","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Philibosian, Belle E. 0000-0003-3138-4716","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3138-4716","contributorId":206110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Philibosian","given":"Belle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chupik, Colin","contributorId":217357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chupik","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39606,"text":"Univ. of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. 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Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70263610,"text":"70263610 - 2020 - San Andreas fault exploration using refraction tomography and S-wave-type and Fϕ-mode guided waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-19T16:36:26.556871","indexId":"70263610","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T10:28:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"San Andreas fault exploration using refraction tomography and S-wave-type and Fϕ-mode guided waves","docAbstract":"Surface ruptures from the 18 April 1906 M∼7.9 San Francisco earthquake were distributed over an ∼35‐meter‐wide zone at San Andreas Lake on the San Francisco Peninsula in California (Schussler, 1906). Since ∼1906, the surface ruptures have been largely covered by water, but with water levels at near‐historic low levels in 2008–2011, we observed that the 1906 surface ruptures were no longer visible. As a fault imaging test, we acquired refraction tomography and guided‐wave data across the 1906 surface ruptures in 2011. We found that individual fault traces, as mapped by Schussler (1906), can be identified on the basis of discrete low‐velocity zones (VS and VP, reduced ∼40% and ∼34%, respectively) and high‐amplitude guided waves. Guided waves have traditionally been observed as large‐amplitude waveforms over wide (hundreds of meters to kilometers) zones of faulting, but we demonstrate that by evaluating guided waves (including Rayleigh/Love‐ and P/SV‐types) in terms of peak ground velocity (PGV), individual near‐surface fault traces within a fault zone can be precisely located, even more than 100 yr after the surface ruptures. Such precise exploration can be used to focus paleoseismic trenching efforts and to identify or exclude faulting at specific sites. We evaluated PGV of both S‐wave‐type and Fϕ‐mode‐type guided waves and found that both wave types can be used to identify subsurface fault traces. At San Andreas Lake (main fault), S‐wave‐type guided waves travel up to 18% slower than S body waves, and Fϕ‐mode guided waves travel ∼60% slower than P body waves but ∼15% faster than S body waves. We found that guided‐wave amplitudes vary with frequency but are up to five times higher than those of body waves, including the S wave. Our data are consistent with the concept that guided waves can be a strong‐shaking hazard during large‐magnitude earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200136","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M., and Goldman, M., 2020, San Andreas fault exploration using refraction tomography and S-wave-type and Fϕ-mode guided waves: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 6, p. 3088-3102, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200136.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"3088","endPage":"3102","ipdsId":"IP-102153","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Calfornia","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.61113945668713\n ],\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.57485979697452\n ],\n [\n -122.39941099606784,\n 37.57485979697452\n ],\n [\n -122.39941099606784,\n 37.61113945668713\n ],\n [\n -122.44607249804032,\n 37.61113945668713\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael 0000-0002-5429-5073 mrymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-5073","contributorId":220757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark 0000-0002-0802-829X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":205863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70263930,"text":"70263930 - 2020 - Liquefaction and related ground failure from July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-28T16:19:07.872364","indexId":"70263930","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T10:14:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Liquefaction and related ground failure from July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence produced a 4 July M 6.5 foreshock and a 5 July M 7.1 mainshock, along with 23 events with magnitudes greater than 4.5 in the 24 hr period following the mainshock. The epicenters of the two principal events were located in the Indian Wells Valley, northwest of Searles Valley near the towns of Ridgecrest, Trona, and Argus. We describe observed liquefaction manifestations including sand boils, fissures, and lateral spreading features, as well as proximate non‐ground failure zones that resulted from the sequence. Expanding upon results initially presented in a report of the Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance Association, we synthesize results of field mapping, aerial imagery, and inferences of ground deformations from Synthetic Aperture Radar‐based damage proxy maps (DPMs). We document incidents of liquefaction, settlement, and lateral spreading in the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake US military base and compare locations of these observations to pre‐ and postevent mapping of liquefaction hazards. We describe liquefaction and ground‐failure features in Trona and Argus, which produced lateral deformations and impacts on several single‐story masonry and wood frame buildings. Detailed maps showing zones with and without ground failure are provided for these towns, along with mapped ground deformations along transects. Finally, we describe incidents of massive liquefaction with related ground failures and proximate areas of similar geologic origin without ground failure in the Searles Lakebed. Observations in this region are consistent with surface change predicted by the DPM. In the same region, geospatial liquefaction hazard maps are effective at identifying broad percentages of land with liquefaction‐related damage. We anticipate that data presented in this article will be useful for future liquefaction susceptibility, triggering, and consequence studies being undertaken as part of the Next Generation Liquefaction project.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200025","usgsCitation":"Zimmaro, P., Nweke, C.C., Hernandez, J., Hudson, K., Hudson, M.B., Ahdi, S.K., Boggs, M., Davis, C.A., Goulet, C.A., Brandenberg, S.J., Hudnut, K.W., and Stewart, J., 2020, Liquefaction and related ground failure from July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1549-1566, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200025.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1549","endPage":"1566","ipdsId":"IP-119620","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99z116kn","text":"External Repository"},{"id":482647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.3,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -117.8,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -117.8,\n 35.55\n ],\n [\n -117.3,\n 35.55\n ],\n [\n -117.3,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmaro, Paolo","contributorId":219068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmaro","given":"Paolo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nweke, Chukwuebuka 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A.","contributorId":171490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":929160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Goulet, Christine A. 0000-0002-7643-357X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7643-357X","contributorId":194805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goulet","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Brandenberg, Scott J","contributorId":217350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandenberg","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hudnut, Kenneth W. 0000-0002-3168-4797 hudnut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-4797","contributorId":2550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"Kenneth","email":"hudnut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":929163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stewart, Jonathan P.","contributorId":350854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jonathan P.","affiliations":[{"id":83855,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":929164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70214546,"text":"70214546 - 2020 - Factors influencing the probability of hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity in Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-01T14:41:33.329979","indexId":"70214546","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T09:42:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing the probability of hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity in Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Injection‐induced seismicity became an important issue over the past decade, and although much of the rise in seismicity is attributed to wastewater disposal, a growing number of cases have identified hydraulic fracturing (HF) as the cause. A recent study identified regions in Oklahoma where ≥75% of seismicity from 2010 to 2016 correlated with nearly 300 HF wells. To identify factors associated with increased probability of induced seismicity, we gathered publicly available information about the HF operations in these regions including: injected volume, number of wells on a pad, injected fluid (gel vs. slickwater), vertical depth of the well, proximity of the well to basement rock, and the formation into which the injection occurred. To determine the statistical strength of the trends, we applied logistic regression, bootstrapping, and odds ratios. We see no trend with total injected volume in our Oklahoma dataset, in contrast to strong trends observed in Alberta and Texas, but we note those regions have many more multiwell pads leading to larger cumulative volumes within a localized area. We found a >∼50% lower probability of seismicity with the use of gel compared to slickwater. We found that HF wells targeting older formations had a higher probability of seismicity; however, these wells also tend to be deeper, and we found the trend with well depth to be stronger than the trend with age of formation. When isolated to the Woodford formation, well depth produced the strongest relationship, increasing from ∼5%> to ∼50% probability from 1.5 to 5.5 km. However, no trend was seen in the proximity to basement parameter. Based on previously measured pore pressure gradients, we interpret the strong absolute depth relationship to be a result of the increasing formation overpressure measured in deeper portions of the basin that lower the stress change needed to induce seismicity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200105","usgsCitation":"Ries, R., Brudzinski, M.R., Skoumal, R., and Currie, B.S., 2020, Factors influencing the probability of hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity in Oklahoma: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 5, p. 2272-2282, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200105.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2272","endPage":"2282","ipdsId":"IP-116885","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Andes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-27T14:29:15.75271","indexId":"70211329","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T09:19:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5981,"text":"Auk","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservative plumage masks extraordinary phylogenetic diversity in the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex of the humid Andes","docAbstract":"The Grallaria rufula complex is currently considered to consist of 2 species, G. rufula (Rufous Antpitta) and G. blakei (Chestnut Antpitta). However, it has been suggested that the complex, populations of which occur in humid montane forests from Venezuela to Bolivia, comprises a suite of vocally distinct yet morphologically cryptic species. We sequenced nuclear and mitochondrial DNA for 80 individuals from across the distribution of the complex to determine the extent of genetic variation between and within described taxa. Our results revealed 18 geographically coherent clades separated by substantial genetic divergence: 14 within rufula, 3 within blakei, and 1 corresponding to G. rufocinerea (Bicolored Antpitta), a species with distinctive plumage found to be nested within the complex. Neither G. rufula nor G. blakei as presently defined was monophyletic. Although 6 of the 7 recognized subspecies of G. rufula were monophyletic, several subspecies contained substantial genetic differentiation. Genetic variation was largely partitioned across recognized geographic barriers, especially across deep river valleys in Peru and Colombia. Coalescent modeling identified 17 of the 18 clades as significantly differentiated lineages, whereas analyses of vocalizations delineated 16 biological species within the complex. The G. rufula complex seems unusually diverse even among birds of the humid Andes, a prime location for cryptic speciation; however, the extent to which other dispersal-limited Andean species groups exhibit similar degrees of cryptic differentiation awaits further study.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/auk/ukaa009","usgsCitation":"Chesser, T., Isler, M.L., Cuervo, A.M., Cadena, C., Galen, S.C., Bergner, L.M., Fleischer, R.C., Bravo, G., Lane, D.F., and Hosner, P., 2020, Conservative plumage masks extraordinary phylogenetic diversity in the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex of the humid Andes: Auk, v. 137, no. 3, ukaa009, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukaa009.","productDescription":"ukaa009, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112868","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External 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Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cuervo, Andres M","contributorId":229669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cuervo","given":"Andres","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":41702,"text":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cadena, C Daniel","contributorId":229670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cadena","given":"C Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":27537,"text":"Universidad de los Andes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galen, Spencer C","contributorId":229671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galen","given":"Spencer","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":793816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bergner, Laura M.","contributorId":207385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergner","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleischer, Robert C.","contributorId":127479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bravo, Gustavo A","contributorId":215473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bravo","given":"Gustavo A","affiliations":[{"id":16810,"text":"Harvard Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lane, Daniel F","contributorId":229672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":39571,"text":"Louisiana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hosner, Peter A.","contributorId":207389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hosner","given":"Peter A.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70211237,"text":"ofr20201089 - 2020 - Effects of barred owl (Strix varia) removal on population demography of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in Washington and Oregon—2019 annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-22T13:46:29.236545","indexId":"ofr20201089","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-21T08:51:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1089","displayTitle":"Effects of Barred Owl (Strix varia) Removal on Population Demography of Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in Washington and Oregon—2019 Annual Report","title":"Effects of barred owl (Strix varia) removal on population demography of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in Washington and Oregon—2019 annual report","docAbstract":"Strix occidentalis caurina (northern spotted owl; hereinafter referred to as spotted owl) have rapidly declined throughout the subspecies’ geographic range. Competition with invading Strix varia (barred owl) has been identified as an immediate cause of those declines. A pilot study in California showed that removal of barred owls coupled with conservation of suitable habitat conditions can slow or even reverse population declines of spotted owls. It is unknown, however, whether similar results can be obtained in areas with different forest conditions, greater densities of barred owls, and fewer remaining spotted owls. We used a before-after-control-impact experimental design on three study areas with long-term demographic information on spotted owls to determine if removal of barred owls can improve population trends of spotted owls. This report summarizes research accomplishments and initial results from the first 4.5 years (from March 2015 to August 2019) of implementing barred owl removal experiments in Washington and Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management, and U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Wiens, J.D., Dugger, K.M., Lesmeister, D.B., Dilione, K.E., and Simon, D.C., 2020, Effects of barred owl (Strix varia) removal on population demography of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in Washington and Oregon—2019 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1089, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201089.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-117976","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376560,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1089/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":376531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1089/ofr20201089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1089"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 46.483264729155586\n ],\n [\n -119.59716796875,\n 46.483264729155586\n ],\n [\n -119.59716796875,\n 47.54687159892238\n ],\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 47.54687159892238\n ],\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 46.483264729155586\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 43.723474896114794\n ],\n [\n -122.98095703125,\n 43.723474896114794\n ],\n [\n -122.98095703125,\n 44.824708282300236\n ],\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 44.824708282300236\n ],\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 43.723474896114794\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 43.24520272203356\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 43.24520272203356\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 42.47209690919285\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
The U.S. Geological Survey was asked by the Washington State Department of Transportation to provide technical assistance as a third-party reviewer of their stormwater effectiveness monitoring program during the transition between the completion of the 2014 Washington State Department of Ecology permit requirements and start of the new 2019 Washington State Department of Ecology permit requirements. For the purposes of this evaluation, the U.S. Geological Survey reviewed Washington State Department of Transportation’s 2014 National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit. This review focuses on sections S7, S8, G9, and appendix 4 of the permit that are specific to monitoring. These sections cover the methods of monitoring, the constituents that were monitored, laboratory requirements, reporting requirements, and data archival. Next, all quality-assurance project plans for the 2014 general permit and annual reports required for the permit were reviewed. The quality-assurance project plans and annual reports were reviewed to ensure that monitoring was executed and reported as required by the 2014 general permit. The monitoring requirements put forth from the permits were fully addressed in quality-assurance project plans and were completed and presented in the annual monitoring reports. Overall, the Washington State Department of Transportation monitoring program does not change much under its new 2019 permit. The Washington State Department of Transportation has followed through with the plan set out in each of its approved quality-assurance project plans and therefore, is in a good position to meet or exceed the new permit requirements in the upcoming 5-year permit cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Senter, C.A., and Sheibley, R.W., 2020, Evaluation of the Washington State Department of Transportation stormwater monitoring and effectiveness program for 2014–19: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1079, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201079.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-117873","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1079/ofr20201079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"394 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1079"},{"id":376564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1079/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
Groundwater susceptibility to contamination was investigated by using environmental tracer-based groundwater age metrics in the south Atlantic and Gulf Coast principal aquifer systems of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, Mississippi embayment–Texas coastal uplands, and the Coastal Lowlands. Samples of dissolved gas, tritium, sulfur hexafluoride, tritiogenic helium, and carbon-14 were collected from 231 public supply wells in the 3 principal aquifer systems. Dissolved gas models were used to characterize recharge conditions and they identified recharge mechanisms that ranged from rapid, but short-lived, water table rises (possibly associated with large scale flooding), to slower diffuse recharge not associated with large water table fluctuations. Dissolved gas and geochemical correction models were used to calculate and (or) correct tracer concentrations before input to lumped parameter models of groundwater age. Lumped parameter models that were fit to tracer concentrations indicated groundwater was relatively old across the aquifer systems, with an estimated mean age of about 30,000 years. Estimates of groundwater age were related to hydrogeology, with increasing groundwater ages associated with greater depth, confinement, and distance from the recharge zone. Young groundwater with mean ages less than 2,000 years generally was in unconfined parts of the aquifer system, except for local areas of heavy groundwater extraction from unconfined aquifer units where estimated mean ages were up to 15,000 years. Lumped parameter model optimized age distributions describe the relative contribution of differing flow paths to the mean age, and a composite distribution of all samples from the three aquifer systems indicated that about 15 percent of the total sampled water had an age of less than 100 years. Various metrics of susceptibility, to land surface and geogenic contamination sources, derived from the age distributions, indicated geogenic sources as the primary threat to groundwater quality in the aquifer systems. Values of the susceptibility index (unitless) and fraction of recharge since 2,000 and 15,000 years before present are provided for assessment of individual well susceptibility. The data and interpretation methods presented here provide an additional means of investigating the susceptibility and sustainability of groundwater resources of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, Mississippi embayment–Texas coastal uplands, and the Coastal Lowlands aquifer systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205050","collaboration":"National Water-Quality ProgramNAWQA Science Team
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 413
Reston, VA 20192–0002
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200201","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., Ross, Z.E., and Dawson, T., 2020, Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1395-1399, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200201.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1399","ipdsId":"IP-119483","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.84463534796981,\n 35.703354079218656\n ],\n [\n -117.84463534796981,\n 35.534977065306975\n ],\n [\n -117.55394107005387,\n 35.534977065306975\n ],\n [\n -117.55394107005387,\n 35.703354079218656\n ],\n [\n -117.84463534796981,\n 35.703354079218656\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":263442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Zachary E.","contributorId":196001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":304669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy E.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70212893,"text":"70212893 - 2020 - Genomic architecture and repertoire of the rainbow trout immunoglobulin light chain genes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T23:52:52.055864","indexId":"70212893","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T18:51:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1383,"text":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genomic architecture and repertoire of the rainbow trout immunoglobulin light chain genes","docAbstract":"The genomic loci encoding the four immunoglobulin light chains (IgL1, IgL2, IgL3, and IgL4) in the Swanson trout genome assembly were annotated in order to provide a measurement of the potential IgL repertoire. IgL1 and IgL3 gene segments are co-localized on chromosomes 21, 18, 15, and 7 while IgL2 and IgL4 were found on chromosomes 13 and 17, respectively. In total, 48 constant (CL), 87 variable (VL), and 59 joining (JL) productive genes are described. Pairwise alignment of the VL segments revealed that they belong to nine different families, three of which (kappa IV, V, and VI) are described for the first time in this study. VL and CL sequences on chromosome 15 and 21 and those on chromosomes 7 and 18 clustered together in phylogenetic analysis. PCR was used to examine IgL CL and VL genes in 9 lines of rainbow trout. IgL4 in the Hot Creek and Golden trout lines was missing 42 nucleotides resulting in a loss of 14 amino acids. The sigma IV variable family was completely absent from the Swanson, Arlee, Hot Creek, and wild type lines and silenced in the Skamania line with the addition of 176 bp mini-satellite insert. Similarly, the Whale Rock, Arlee, and wild type lines were all found to encode two sigma II products, a functional 252 bp product and a larger 425 bp product that contained a 172 bp insert. Results from this study indicate that there are genomic differences in IgL repertoire between different lines of trout that could affect humoral immune responses post vaccination and during disease.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2020.103776","usgsCitation":"Rego, K., Hansen, J.D., and Bromage, E., 2020, Genomic architecture and repertoire of the rainbow trout immunoglobulin light chain genes: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 113, 103776, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2020.103776.","productDescription":"103776, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118025","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2020.103776","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rego, Katherine","contributorId":223250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rego","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40692,"text":"Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":220725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bromage, Erin S","contributorId":223254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bromage","given":"Erin S","affiliations":[{"id":40692,"text":"Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211367,"text":"70211367 - 2020 - A new species of freshwater mussel in the genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927, from the Gulf coastal rivers of central Mexico (Bivalvia: Unionida: Unionidae) with comments on the genus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-28T21:07:16.128897","indexId":"70211367","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T16:02:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A new species of freshwater mussel in the genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927, from the Gulf coastal rivers of central Mexico (Bivalvia: Unionida: Unionidae) with comments on the genus","title":"A new species of freshwater mussel in the genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927, from the Gulf coastal rivers of central Mexico (Bivalvia: Unionida: Unionidae) with comments on the genus","docAbstract":"The Gulf coastal drainages of central Mexico are a faunal transition zone between North and South America and harbor a unique assemblage of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida). However, little information is available regarding the taxonomy, distribution, and evolutionary history of the Mexican mussel fauna due to limited sampling over the last 100 years. To address these knowledge gaps, we evaluated species-level diversity in the genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927, in Mexican Gulf coastal drainages as part of a larger effort to inform conservation efforts for members of this genus both in Mexico and the United States of America. Based on our analyses, we describe Popenaias berezai n. sp. from the Río Valles of the Río Pánuco basin, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. We also provide presumptive distributional range, phylogenetic structure, and molecular and morphological diagnoses of the new species and provide comments on the other species currently in Popenaias. Our findings highlight the high levels of endemism among freshwater mussels in Mexican Gulf coastal drainages and will help guide impending conservation actions for P. popeii, which is listed as “endangered” in the United States.
Adjustments to rearing practices should be justified with increases in production, stocking success, or angler satisfaction. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) production was assessed between hatchery ponds where fish were restricted to an invertebrate diet or received supplemental fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) forage during 2015. At harvest, age-0 bass yield was 4.5 times greater and average fish length was 38 mm longer, in the pond that received fathead minnow. In 2016, a second study evaluated the timing of minnow supplementation that included earlier stockings of small fathead minnow (< 30 mm) compared to delayed supplementation with larger (> 30 mm) minnows. With earlier supplementation, bass yield was 2.3 times greater and fish averaged 14 mm longer at harvest. Bass survival was approximately 38% higher during 2015 when supplementation occurred and 25% higher during 2016 when minnow supplementation began earlier. Our findings show invertebrate forage was probably limiting bass production in hatchery ponds and supplementing with appropriately-sized fathead minnows increased age-0, largemouth bass production.
","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific research","doi":"10.4236/ojas.2020.103020","usgsCitation":"Chipps, S.R., and Ward, M.J., 2020, Availability and timing of fathead minnow supplementation influence largemouth bass survival and production in rearing ponds: Open Journal of Animal Sciences, v. 10, no. 3, p. 337-345, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2020.103020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"345","ipdsId":"IP-118304","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2020.103020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","city":"Waubay","otherGeospatial":"Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.3110580444336,\n 45.32753043597215\n ],\n [\n -97.29183197021484,\n 45.32753043597215\n ],\n [\n -97.29183197021484,\n 45.33440918070839\n ],\n [\n -97.3110580444336,\n 45.33440918070839\n ],\n [\n -97.3110580444336,\n 45.32753043597215\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, Matthew J.","contributorId":276247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":56941,"text":"South Dakot Game Fish and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70228496,"text":"70228496 - 2020 - Decision analysis for greater insights into the development and evaluation of Chinook salmon restoration strategies in California’s Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T19:20:22.507864","indexId":"70228496","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T13:12:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decision analysis for greater insights into the development and evaluation of Chinook salmon restoration strategies in California’s Central Valley","docAbstract":"Considerable amounts of resources have been invested in ecological restoration projects across the globe to restore ecosystem integrity. Restoration strategies are often diverse and have been met with mixed success. In this paper, we describe the Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) decision-support models developed by the Central Valley Project Improvement Act Science Integration Team as part of a larger structured decision making effort aimed at maximizing natural adult production of Chinook salmon in California’s Central Valley, USA. We then describe the decision analytic tools the stakeholder group used to solve the models and explore model results, including stochastic dynamic programming, forward simulation, proportional scoring, relative loss, expected value of perfect information, response profile analyses, and indifference curves. Using these tools, the stakeholder group was able to develop and evaluate restoration strategies for multiple Chinook salmon runs simultaneously, a first for the restoration program. We found that actions targeted at one run were detrimental to others, which was unexpected. Furthermore, information uncovered during this process was used to direct efforts towards targeted research/monitoring to reduce critical uncertainties in salmon demographic rates and make better restoration decisions moving forward. The decision sciences have established a wide range of analytical tools and approaches to simplify complex problems into key components, and we believe the concepts described in this paper are of great interest and can be applied by many restoration practitioners that undoubtedly face similar difficulties when implementing restoration strategies for complex systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Ecological Restoration","doi":"10.1111/rec.13244","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., and Duarte, A., 2020, Decision analysis for greater insights into the development and evaluation of Chinook salmon restoration strategies in California’s Central Valley: Restoration Ecology, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1596-1609, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13244.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1596","endPage":"1609","ipdsId":"IP-117068","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13244","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.629150390625,\n 37.23470197166817\n ],\n [\n -119.0643310546875,\n 37.23470197166817\n ],\n [\n -119.0643310546875,\n 39.11727568585598\n ],\n [\n -123.629150390625,\n 39.11727568585598\n ],\n [\n -123.629150390625,\n 37.23470197166817\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duarte, Adam","contributorId":275974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duarte","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70262001,"text":"70262001 - 2020 - Trends in inland commercial fisheries in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T16:18:43.617084","indexId":"70262001","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T10:08:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in inland commercial fisheries in the United States","docAbstract":"Inland fisheries, defined as finfish caught in lakes, rivers, and other water bodies, provide economic value and a source of protein at local and international levels. However, no comprehensive compilation of U.S. inland commercial fisheries exists. We sought to obtain data across all 50 states during 1990–2015 and noted a small, but significant, decline in harvest. The minimum harvest averaged 41,427 tonnes during 2009–2015 and peaked in 1995 with a minimum harvest of 49,951 tonnes. During 2009–2015, harvest and taxonomic composition varied regionally: eastern interior (the highest regional harvest, dominated by coregonines and carp), western interior (carp and Clupeidae), Gulf (catfish and Clupeidae), Pacific (salmonines), and Atlantic (the lowest regional harvest, dominated by catfish and Clupeidae). Our data compilation of commercial landings was more than double the current limited national inland harvest statistics, which might be indicative of an under appreciation for the value of inland fisheries that can have consequences when policy decisions are made regarding competing sectors for water usage.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10483","usgsCitation":"Murray, D.N., Bunnell, D.B., Rogers, M.W., Lynch, A., Beard, and Funge-Smith, S., 2020, Trends in inland commercial fisheries in the United States: Fisheries Magazine, v. 45, no. 11, p. 585-596, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10483.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"585","endPage":"596","ipdsId":"IP-107636","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n 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0000-0003-1429-6669","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-6669","contributorId":223909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Devin","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, David B. 0000-0003-3521-7747 dbunnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-7747","contributorId":195888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, Mark W. 0000-0001-7205-5623 mwrogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-5623","contributorId":4590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Mark","email":"mwrogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail 0000-0001-8449-8392 ajlynch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":169460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","email":"ajlynch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beard, Jr. 0000-0003-2632-2350 dbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2632-2350","contributorId":169459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"dbeard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funge-Smith, Simon 0000-0001-9974-5333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-5333","contributorId":245642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funge-Smith","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32888,"text":"Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70211307,"text":"70211307 - 2020 - On the use of receiver operating character tests for evaluating spatial earthquake forecasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T20:11:59.974668","indexId":"70211307","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T09:00:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of receiver operating character tests for evaluating spatial earthquake forecasts","docAbstract":"Spatial forecasts of triggered earthquake distributions have been ranked using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) tests. The test is a binary comparison between regions of positive and negative forecast against positive and negative presence of earthquakes. Forecasts predicting only positive changes score higher than Coulomb methods, which predict positive and negative changes. I hypothesize that removing the possibility of failures in negative forecast realms yields better ROC scores. I create a ‘perfect’ Coulomb forecast where all earthquakes only fall into positive stress change areas and compare with an informationless all-positive forecast. The ‘perfect’ Coulomb forecast barely beats the informationless forecast, and adding as few as 4 earthquakes occurring in the negative stress regions causes the Coulomb forecast to be no better than an informationless forecast under a ROC test. ROC tests also suffer from data imbalance when applied to earthquake forecasts because there are many more negative cases than positive.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2020GL088570","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T.E., 2020, On the use of receiver operating character tests for evaluating spatial earthquake forecasts: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 17, e2020GL088570, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088570.","productDescription":"e2020GL088570, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118312","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70213093,"text":"70213093 - 2020 - ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System Performance During the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T15:43:45.358709","indexId":"70213093","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T08:47:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System Performance During the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence","docAbstract":"During July 2019, a sequence of earthquakes including a Mw6.4 foreshock and a Mw7.1 mainshock occurred near Ridgecrest, California. ShakeAlert, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) ShakeAlert public Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system being developed for the U.S. West Coast, was operational during this time, though public alerting was only available within LA County. ShakeAlert created alert messages for many of the earthquakes, including the two largest events, and for many of the larger aftershocks. In this study, we dissect log files and replay data through the system to reconstruct the sequence of events and analyze the performance of the system during that time period. While the system performed reasonably well overall, the sequence also revealed various issues and short comings that will be addressed in impending and future system upgrades, with most parts of the system working as they should. ShakeAlert correctly detected and rapidly characterized both the Mw6.4 and Mw7.1 earthquakes within 6.9 s of their origin times and created alert messages that were available to ShakeAlert’s pilot users. No public alerts were sent out by the ShakeAlertLA cellphone app (the only publicly available alerting method at the time) because the predicted shaking for LA County was below the app’s alerting threshold of MMI 4.0. For the Mw6.4 event this was accurate. For the Mw7.1 event, public alerts for LA County were warranted, but ShakeAlert underpredicted the shaking levels because both the point-source and the finite-fault algorithms underestimated the magnitude of the earthquake by 0.8 units. A number of software and hardware issues that were responsible for the magnitude underestimation of the mainshock have been identified and will be addressed in future ShakeAlert releases. We also analyze the hypothetical alerting performance of ShakeAlert had public alerting been available throughout southern California with a lower alerting threshold of 〖MMI〗_alert=2.5MMI 2.5. We find that, despite the magnitude underestimation, ShakeAlert could have provided timely warnings to a large fraction of affected sites, including some of the near-epicentral sites with high ground motion intensities.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200032","usgsCitation":"Chung, A., Meier, M., Andrews, J., Bose, M., Crowell, B., McGuire, J., and Smith, D., 2020, ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System Performance During the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, p. 1904-1923, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200032.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1904","endPage":"1923","ipdsId":"IP-115548","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200727-125421047","text":"External Repository"},{"id":378269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.77069091796875,\n 35.552339944156195\n ],\n [\n -117.57843017578126,\n 35.552339944156195\n ],\n [\n -117.57843017578126,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -117.77069091796875,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -117.77069091796875,\n 35.552339944156195\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chung, Angela","contributorId":141196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chung","given":"Angela","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Men-Andrin","contributorId":201882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meier","given":"Men-Andrin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Jennifer","contributorId":187764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bose, Maren","contributorId":222639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bose","given":"Maren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40575,"text":"Swiss Seismological Service, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crowell, Brendan","contributorId":171723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crowell","given":"Brendan","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-9235-2166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-2166","contributorId":219786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jeffrey J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Deborah 0000-0002-8317-7762","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-7762","contributorId":201885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Deborah","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70216057,"text":"70216057 - 2020 - Who knew that quantifying exchanges between groundwater and surface water could be so exciting?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-30T13:47:35.078742","indexId":"70216057","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T08:46:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Who knew that quantifying exchanges between groundwater and surface water could be so exciting?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"History of wetland science: A perspective from wetland leaders","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Amazon, Print on Demand","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., 2020, Who knew that quantifying exchanges between groundwater and surface water could be so exciting?, chap. of History of wetland science: A perspective from wetland leaders, p. 209-213.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"213","ipdsId":"IP-110377","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70212824,"text":"70212824 - 2020 - Tropical understory herbaceous community responds more strongly to hurricane disturbance than to experimental warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T13:12:01.527477","indexId":"70212824","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-20T08:09:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tropical understory herbaceous community responds more strongly to hurricane disturbance than to experimental warming","docAbstract":"The effects of climate change on tropical forests may have global consequences due to the forests’ high biodiversity and major role in the global carbon cycle. In this study, we document the effects of experimental warming on the abundance and composition of a tropical forest floor herbaceous plant community in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. This study was conducted within Tropical Responses to Altered Climate Experiment (TRACE) plots, which use infrared heaters under free‐air, open‐field conditions, to warm understory vegetation and soils + 4°C above nearby control plots. Hurricanes Irma and María damaged the heating infrastructure in the second year of warming, therefore, the study included one pretreatment year, one year of warming, and one year of hurricane response with no warming. We measured percent leaf cover of individual herbaceous species, fern population dynamics, and species richness and diversity within three warmed and three control plots. Results showed that one year of experimental warming did not significantly affect the cover of individual herbaceous species, fern population dynamics, species richness, or species diversity. In contrast, herbaceous cover increased from 20% to 70%, bare ground decreased from 70% to 6%, and species composition shifted pre to posthurricane. The negligible effects of warming may have been due to the short duration of the warming treatment or an understory that is somewhat resistant to higher temperatures. Our results suggest that climate extremes that are predicted to increase with climate change, such as hurricanes and droughts, may cause more abrupt changes in tropical forest understories than longer‐term sustained warming.
Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758), is a highly invasive species that has had profound effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Many Carp management methods have been applied including physical removal, pesticide treatments of whole lakes, and water drawdowns. Herein, we tested key elements of a potential “bait and switch” approach in which corn could be used to induce feeding aggregations of Carp and then switched for corn pellets with a pesticide Antimycin-A (ANT-A) to selectively target the Carp. First, laboratory experiments were used to determine if addition of lethal concentrations of ANT-A to corn pellets deterred Carp from eating corn-based food pellets. Second, a pond experiment tested if a corn-based bait containing ANT-A functioned as a species-specific Carp management tool in a semi-natural environment with three common native fishes: White Sucker (Catostomus commersonii Lacepède, 1803), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens Mitchill, 1814), and Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819). The use of baited sites by Carp and native species was monitored using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Mortality of each species and presence of corn in their digestive tracts was also monitored. Our laboratory experiment showed that presence of ANT-A did not deter Carp from consuming the pellets. The pond experiment showed that only Carp perished in significant numbers once toxic bait was applied. Further, only Carp increased their use of baited sites once baiting began, and only Carp had corn in their digestive tracts. Overall, our results indicate that corn might function as a species-specific Carp attractant in systems of North American Midwest and that corn-based bait can be used to effectively conceal a lethal dose of ANT-A. Further research is necessary to refine this potential management tool, specifically investigating the behavioral and social dynamics of Carp aggregating at sites baited with corn to enhance the temporal and spatial specificity of pesticide application.z |
Eggshell thickness is important for physiological, ecological, and ecotoxicological studies on birds; however, empirical eggshell thickness measurements for many species and regions are limited. We measured eggshell thickness at the equator and the egg poles for 12 avian species and related eggshell thickness to egg morphometrics, embryonic development, egg status, and mercury contamination. Within an egg, eggshells were approximately 5.1% thicker at the equator than the sharp pole of the egg, although this difference varied among species (0.6%–9.8%). Within Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri), where eggshell thickness was measured at 5 equally spaced positions along the longitude of the egg, eggshell thickness changed more rapidly near the sharp pole of the egg compared to near the blunt pole of the egg. Within species, eggshell thickness was related to egg width and egg volume for six of the 12 species but was not related to egg length for any species. Among species, mean eggshell thickness was strongly related to species mean egg width, egg length, egg volume, and bird body mass, although species mean body mass was the strongest predictor of species mean eggshell thickness. Using three species (American avocet [Recurvirostra americana], black‐necked stilt [Himantopus mexicanus], and Forster's tern), whose nests were carefully monitored, eggshell thickness (including the eggshell membrane) did not differ among viable, naturally abandoned, dead, or failed‐to‐hatch eggs; was not related to total mercury concentrations of the egg content; and did not decrease with embryonic age. Our study also provides a review of all existing eggshell thickness data for these 12 species.
Late Cenozoic cooling and changes in glacial–interglacial cycle tempo are thought to increase global rates of erosion starting ~3 million years ago (Ma). Bedrock rivers set rates and patterns of erosion in most landscapes, but constraints on river response to late Cenozoic climate change remain elusive. Here, we determine cosmogenic isotope and luminescence ages of well-preserved bedrock terraces along the Fortymile River (Yukon River basin) to reconstruct an ~5 Myr history of fluvial adjustment to late Cenozoic climate and Yukon River headwater capture at 2.6 Ma. Post-capture Yukon River downcutting lowered the Fortymile River outlet, forcing subsequent bedrock incision throughout the Fortymile basin in two pulses, from 2.4 to 1.8 Ma and at ~1 Ma. These pulses of incision disrupted longer intervals of slow river channel sedimentation under near-consistent climate forcing from 4.8 to 2.4 Ma and from 1.8 to ~1 Ma. The Fortymile River delivers sediment to the Bering Sea, where provenance and accumulation rate changes since 4.3 Ma match observed variations in incision. Our results link alluviation and incision to late Cenozoic climate steadiness and change, respectively, and support the hypothesis that climate-forced changes in precipitation and runoff fundamentally control the pace of river incision and landscape erosion.
As rising sea levels alter coastal ecosystems, there is a pressing need to examine the effects of saltwater intrusion on coastal communities. Using 16S Illumina profiling, we characterized the communities of baldcypress tree (Taxodium distichum) root endosphere and rhizosphere soil bacteria. Our study utilized established sites along salinity and flooding gradients in the United States of Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina. We hypothesized that environmental variables, namely salinity and water level, as well as distance between sites would be correlated with baldcypress-associated rhizosphere and root endosphere bacterial communities. We found that geographic distance correlated with rhizosphere but not root endosphere bacterial communities, suggesting that the trees may have stabilized their endosphere communities via recruitment of a more specific suite of taxa from the surrounding soil. Mean water level, mean salinity, and the volume of woody debris were associated with both endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in baldcypress trees. The density of host trees was also associated with endosphere community composition. Our study is the first to use 16S Illumina sequencing to characterize bacterial communities in baldcypress trees— a key restoration species in coastal swamp ecosystems under threat from rising sea levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-020-01338-w","usgsCitation":"Lumibao, C.Y., Kimbrough, E., Formel, S., Day, R., From, A., Conner, W.H., Krauss, K., and Van Bael, S.A., 2020, Salinity, water level, and forest structure contribute to baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) rhizosphere and endosphere community structure: Wetlands, v. 40, p. 2179-2188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-020-01338-w.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2179","endPage":"2188","ipdsId":"IP-109531","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n 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]\n}","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumibao, Candice Y 0000-0002-1414-7949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-7949","contributorId":228830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lumibao","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"Y","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimbrough, Elizabeth 0000-0002-4007-6304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-6304","contributorId":228831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimbrough","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Formel, Steven 0000-0001-7418-1244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7418-1244","contributorId":229667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Formel","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day, Richard 0000-0002-5959-7054","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":215082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"From, Andrew 0000-0002-6543-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":221929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":219653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Bael, Sunshine A 0000-0001-7317-3533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-3533","contributorId":228832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Bael","given":"Sunshine","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70215543,"text":"70215543 - 2020 - Anticipating future learning affects current control decisions: A comparison between passive and active adaptive management in an epidemiological setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T14:34:42.425242","indexId":"70215543","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-19T09:25:39","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2475,"text":"Journal of Theoretical Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anticipating future learning affects current control decisions: A comparison between passive and active adaptive management in an epidemiological setting","docAbstract":"Infectious disease epidemics present a difficult task for policymakers, requiring the implementation of control strategies under significant time constraints and uncertainty. Mathematical models can be used to predict the outcome of control interventions, providing useful information to policymakers in the event of such an epidemic. However, these models suffer in the early stages of an outbreak from a lack of accurate, relevant information regarding the dynamics and spread of the disease and the efficacy of control. As such, recommendations provided by these models are often incorporated in an ad hoc fashion, as and when more reliable information becomes available. In this work, we show that such trial-and-error-type approaches to management, which do not formally take into account the resolution of uncertainty and how control actions affect this, can lead to sub-optimal management outcomes. We compare three approaches to managing a theoretical epidemic: a non-adaptive management (AM) approach that does not use real-time outbreak information to adapt control, a passive AM approach that incorporates real-time information if and when it becomes available, and an active AM approach that explicitly incorporates the future resolution of uncertainty through gathering real-time information into its initial recommendations. The structured framework of active AM encourages the specification of quantifiable objectives, models of system behaviour and possible control and monitoring actions, followed by an iterative learning and control phase that is able to employ complex control optimisations and resolve system uncertainty. The result is a management framework that is able to provide dynamic, long-term projections to help policymakers meet the objectives of management. We investigate in detail the effect of different methods of incorporating up-to-date outbreak information. We find that, even in a highly simplified system, the method of incorporating new data can lead to different results that may influence initial policy decisions, with an active AM approach to management providing better information that can lead to more desirable outcomes from an epidemic.
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) supports terrestrial primary productivity and plays key roles in mediating human-induced changes in global nitrogen (N) and carbon cycling. However, there are still critical uncertainties in our understanding of the amount of BNF occurring across terrestrial ecosystems, and of how terrestrial BNF will respond to global change. We synthesized BNF data from Latin America, a region reported to sustain some of the highest BNF rates on Earth, but that is underrepresented in previous data syntheses. We used meta-analysis and modeling approaches to estimate BNF rates across Latin America's major biomes and to evaluate the potential effects of increased N deposition and land-use change on these rates. Unmanaged tropical and subtropical moist forests sustained observed and predicted total BNF rates of 10 ± 1 and 14 ± 1 kg N ha−1 y−1, respectively, supporting the hypothesis that these forests sustain lower BNF rates than previously thought. Free-living BNF accounted for two-thirds of the total BNF in these forests. Despite an average 30% reduction of free-living BNF in response to experimental N-addition, our results suggest free-living BNF rate responses to current and projected N deposition across tropical and subtropical moist forests are small. In contrast, the conversion of unmanaged ecosystems to crop and pasture lands increased BNF rates across all terrestrial biomes, mostly in savannas, grasslands, and dry forests, increasing BNF rates 2-fold. The information obtained here provides a more comprehensive understanding of BNF patterns for Latin America.
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