{"pageNumber":"601","pageRowStart":"15000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70048004,"text":"70048004 - 2013 - The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:17:36","indexId":"70048004","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T15:58:22","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and several partners operate a program called Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) that produces (among other things) emergency planning scenarios for natural disasters. The scenarios show how science can be used to enhance community resiliency. The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario describes potential impacts of a hypothetical, but realistic, tsunami affecting California (as well as the west coast of the United States, Alaska, and Hawaii) for the purpose of informing planning and mitigation decisions by a variety of stakeholders. The scenario begins with an Mw 9.1 earthquake off the Alaska Peninsula. With Pacific basin-wide modeling, we estimate up to 5m waves and 10 m/sec currents would strike California 5 hours later. In marinas and harbors, 13,000 small boats are damaged or sunk (1 in 3) at a cost of $350 million, causing navigation and environmental problems. Damage in the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach amount to $110 million, half of it water damage to vehicles and containerized cargo. Flooding of coastal communities affects 1800 city blocks, resulting in $640 million in damage. The tsunami damages 12 bridge abutments and 16 lane-miles of coastal roadway, costing $85 million to repair. Fire and business interruption losses will substantially add to direct losses. Flooding affects 170,000 residents and workers. A wide range of environmental impacts could occur. An extensive public education and outreach program is underway, as well as an evaluation of the overall effort.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ports 2013: Success Through Diversification","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1061/9780784413067.155","usgsCitation":"Porter, K., Jones, L.M., Ross, S.L., Borrero, J., Bwarie, J., Dykstra, D., Geist, E.L., Johnson, L., Kirby, S.H., Long, K., Lynett, P., Miller, K., Mortensen, C.E., Perry, S., Plumlee, G., Real, C., Ritchie, L., Scawthorn, C., Thio, H., Wein, A., Whitmore, P., Wilson, R., and Wood, N.J., 2013, The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario, <i>in</i> Ports 2013: Success Through Diversification, p. 1512-1521, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413067.155.","productDescription":"10 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,{"id":70048156,"text":"70048156 - 2013 - Global change and mercury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T15:48:17","indexId":"70048156","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T15:44:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global change and mercury","docAbstract":"More than 140 nations recently agreed to a legally binding treaty on reductions in human uses and releases of mercury that will be signed in October of this year. This follows the 2011 rule in the United States that for the first time regulates mercury emissions from electricity-generating utilities. Several decades of scientific research preceded these important regulations. However, the impacts of global change on environmental mercury concentrations and human exposures remain a major uncertainty affecting the potential effectiveness of regulatory activities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1242838","usgsCitation":"Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Sunderland, E.M., 2013, Global change and mercury: Science, v. 341, no. 6153, p. 1457-1458, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1242838.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1457","endPage":"1458","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-051332","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280771,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1242838"}],"volume":"341","issue":"6153","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ef6e4b0b290850fc03f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sunderland, Elsie M.","contributorId":65376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunderland","given":"Elsie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70057407,"text":"70057407 - 2013 - Mitigating the effects of landscape development on streams in urbanizing watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T11:21:16","indexId":"70057407","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T15:11:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mitigating the effects of landscape development on streams in urbanizing watersheds","docAbstract":"This collaborative study examined urbanization and impacts on area streams while using the best available sediment and erosion control (S&EC) practices in developing watersheds in Maryland, United States. During conversion of the agricultural and forested watersheds to urban land use, land surface topography was graded and vegetation was removed creating a high potential for sediment generation and release during storm events. The currently best available S&EC facilities were used during the development process to mitigate storm runoff water quality, quantity, and timing before entering area streams. Detailed Geographic Information System (GIS) maps were created to visualize changing land use and S&EC practices, five temporal collections of LiDAR (light detection and ranging) imagery were used to map the changing landscape topography, and streamflow, physical geomorphology, and habitat data were used to assess the ability of the S&EC facilities to protect receiving streams during development. Despite the use of the best available S&EC facilities, receiving streams experienced altered flow, geomorphology, and decreased biotic community health. These impacts on small streams during watershed development affect sediment and nutrient loads to larger downstream aquatic ecosystems such as the Chesapeake Bay.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12123","usgsCitation":"Hogan, D.M., Jarnagin, S., Loperfido, J.V., and Van Ness, K., 2013, Mitigating the effects of landscape development on streams in urbanizing watersheds: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 50, no. 1, p. 163-178, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12123.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-040683","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279615,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12123"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Montgomery County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.527376,38.93428 ], [ -77.527376,39.354025 ], [ -76.888361,39.354025 ], [ -76.888361,38.93428 ], [ -77.527376,38.93428 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52908b09e4b0bbdcf23f0935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":2299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnagin, S. Taylor","contributorId":32816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnagin","given":"S. Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loperfido, John V. jloperfido@usgs.gov","contributorId":4324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loperfido","given":"John","email":"jloperfido@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Ness, Keith","contributorId":46866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Ness","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046197,"text":"70046197 - 2013 - Predicting vertically-nonsequential wetting patterns with a source-responsive model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-18T10:36:57","indexId":"70046197","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T14:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting vertically-nonsequential wetting patterns with a source-responsive model","docAbstract":"Water infiltrating into soil of natural structure often causes wetting patterns that do not develop in an orderly sequence. Because traditional unsaturated flow models represent a water advance that proceeds sequentially, they fail to predict irregular development of water distribution. In the source-responsive model, a diffuse domain (D) represents flow within soil matrix material following traditional formulations, and a source-responsive domain (S), characterized in terms of the capacity for preferential flow and its degree of activation, represents preferential flow as it responds to changing water-source conditions. In this paper we assume water undergoing rapid source-responsive transport at any particular time is of negligibly small volume; it becomes sensible at the time and depth where domain transfer occurs. A first-order transfer term represents abstraction from the S to the D domain which renders the water sensible. In tests with lab and field data, for some cases the model shows good quantitative agreement, and in all cases it captures the characteristic patterns of wetting that proceed nonsequentially in the vertical direction. In these tests we determined the values of the essential characterizing functions by inverse modeling. These functions relate directly to observable soil characteristics, rendering them amenable to evaluation and improvement through hydropedologic development.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Vadose Zone Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/vzj2013.03.0054","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., and Mitchell, L., 2013, Predicting vertically-nonsequential wetting patterns with a source-responsive model: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 12, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.03.0054.","ipdsId":"IP-046019","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278563,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.03.0054"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5270d909e4b0f7a10664fbe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Lara","contributorId":36836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Lara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048302,"text":"70048302 - 2013 - Mines, mountains and hot springs: IMWA 2013 post-conference tour to Silverton, CO, August 10-13, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:00:28","indexId":"70048302","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T14:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mines, mountains and hot springs: IMWA 2013 post-conference tour to Silverton, CO, August 10-13, 2013","docAbstract":"An itinerary, maps, and details about the IMWA 2013 post-conference tour from Golden, Colorado to Silverton, Colorado on August 10-13, 2013, are provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Publication Printers","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., 2013, Mines, mountains and hot springs: IMWA 2013 post-conference tour to Silverton, CO, August 10-13, 2013, <i>in</i> Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA, v. II, p. 1241-1246.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1241","endPage":"1246","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045881","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287699,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwa-meetings/proceedings/278-proceedings-2013.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Silverton","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.869,37.5701 ], [ -108.869,40.2385 ], [ -104.2226,40.2385 ], [ -104.2226,37.5701 ], [ -108.869,37.5701 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056ee4b0aa26cd7b53cd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian","contributorId":114141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509601,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509600,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolkersdorfer, Christian","contributorId":111680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkersdorfer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509599,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048303,"text":"70048303 - 2013 - IMWA 2013 mid-conference tour to Leadville, Colorado, August 7th, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T14:30:40","indexId":"70048303","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T14:22:49","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"IMWA 2013 mid-conference tour to Leadville, Colorado, August 7th, 2013","docAbstract":"An itinerary, maps, and details about the IMWA 2013 mid-conference tour from Golden, Colorado to Leadville, Colorado on August 7, 2013, are provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Publication Printers","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., 2013, IMWA 2013 mid-conference tour to Leadville, Colorado, August 7th, 2013, <i>in</i> Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA, v. II, p. 1237-1240.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1240","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-045863","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287697,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwa-meetings/proceedings/278-proceedings-2013.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Leadville","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.468899,39.229855 ], [ -106.468899,39.439316 ], [ -106.020717,39.439316 ], [ -106.020717,39.229855 ], [ -106.468899,39.229855 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056ae4b0aa26cd7b53b0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian","contributorId":114141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509604,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509603,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolkersdorfer, Christian","contributorId":111680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkersdorfer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509602,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048707,"text":"70048707 - 2013 - Crusts: biological","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-10T10:05:43","indexId":"70048707","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Crusts: biological","docAbstract":"Biological soil crusts, a community of cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses, and fungi, are an essential part of dryland ecosystems. They are critical in the stabilization of soils, protecting them from wind and water erosion. Similarly, these soil surface communities also stabilized soils on early Earth, allowing vascular plants to establish. They contribute nitrogen and carbon to otherwise relatively infertile dryland soils, and have a strong influence on hydrologic cycles. Their presence can also influence vascular plant establishment and nutrition.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.05131-9","usgsCitation":"Belnap, J., 2013, Crusts: biological, chap. <i>of</i> Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.05131-9.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045245","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278590,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.05131-9"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd538fe4b0b290850f5364","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Elias, Scott A.","contributorId":111874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509622,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046525,"text":"70046525 - 2013 - Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T14:55:30","indexId":"70046525","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T13:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates","docAbstract":"Downscaled and hydrologically modeled projections from an ensemble of 16 Global Climate Models suggest that flooding may become more intense on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains, the primary source for California’s managed water system. By the end of the 21st century, all 16 climate projections for the high greenhouse-gas emission SRES A2 scenario yield larger floods with return periods ranging 2–50 years for both the Northern Sierra Nevada and Southern Sierra Nevada, regardless of the direction of change in mean precipitation. By end of century, discharges from the Northern Sierra Nevada with 50-year return periods increase by 30–90% depending on climate model, compared to historical values. Corresponding flood flows from the Southern Sierra increase by 50–100%. The increases in simulated 50 year flood flows are larger (at 95% confidence level) than would be expected due to natural variability by as early as 2035 for the SRES A2 scenario.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.042","usgsCitation":"Das, T., Maurer, E., Pierce, D.W., Dettinger, M., and Cayah, D.R., 2013, Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates: Journal of Hydrology, v. 501, p. 101-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.042.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-046373","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278942,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276757,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.042"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.0,34.0 ], [ -124.0,42.0 ], [ -118.0,42.0 ], [ -118.0,34.0 ], [ -124.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"501","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc490e4b0850ea050ce84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Das, Tapash","contributorId":49227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Tapash","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, Edwin P.","contributorId":13129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Edwin P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, David W.","contributorId":26953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":31743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cayah, Daniel R.","contributorId":74286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayah","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047805,"text":"70047805 - 2013 - Characterizing tight-gas systems with production data: Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:05:47","indexId":"70047805","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T13:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing tight-gas systems with production data: Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado","docAbstract":"The study of produced fluids allows comparisons among tight-gas systems. This paper examines gas, oil, and water production data from vertical wells in 23 fields in five Rocky Mountain basins of the United States, mostly from wells completed before the year 2000. Average daily rates of gas, oil, and water production are determined two years and seven years after production begins in order to represent the interval in which gas production declines exponentially. In addition to the daily rates, results are also presented in terms of oil-to-gas and water-to-gas ratios, and in terms of the five-year decline in gas production rates and water-to-gas ratios. No attempt has been made to estimate the ultimate productivity of wells or fields. The ratio of gas production rates after seven years to gas production rates at two years is about one-half, with median ratios falling within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 in 16 fields. Oil-gas ratios show substantial variation among fields, ranging from dry gas (no oil) to wet gas to retrograde conditions. Among wells within fields, the oil-gas ratios vary by a factor of three to thirty, with the exception of the Lance Formation in Jonah and Pinedale fields, where the oil-gas ratios vary by less than a factor of two. One field produces water-free gas and a large fraction of wells in two other fields produce water-free gas, but most fields have water-gas ratios greater than 1 bbl/mmcf—greater than can be attributed to water dissolved in gas in the reservoir— and as high as 100 bbl/mmcf. The median water-gas ratio for fields increases moderately with time, but in individual wells water influx relative to gas is erratic, increasing greatly with time in many wells while remaining constant or decreasing in others.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.1190/urtec2013-086","usgsCitation":"Nelson, P.H., and Santus, S.L., 2013, Characterizing tight-gas systems with production data: Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado, <i>in</i> Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013, p. 814-831, https://doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-086.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"814","endPage":"831","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-045388","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287651,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-086"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Utah;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.43,36.19 ], [ -112.43,45.0 ], [ -102.02,45.0 ], [ -102.02,36.19 ], [ -112.43,36.19 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b3ede4b09e18fc023a34","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baez, Luis","contributorId":111487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baez","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509591,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeney, Ken","contributorId":112969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeney","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509593,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sonnenberg, Steve","contributorId":112354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonnenberg","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509592,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santus, Stephen L. ssantus@usgs.gov","contributorId":4566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santus","given":"Stephen","email":"ssantus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048482,"text":"70048482 - 2013 - Comparing approaches to spatially explicit ecosystem service modeling: a case study from the San Pedro River, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T13:03:07","indexId":"70048482","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:58:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1477,"text":"Ecosystem Services","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing approaches to spatially explicit ecosystem service modeling: a case study from the San Pedro River, Arizona","docAbstract":"Although the number of ecosystem service modeling tools has grown in recent years, quantitative comparative studies of these tools have been lacking. In this study, we applied two leading open-source, spatially explicit ecosystem services modeling tools – Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) – to the San Pedro River watershed in southeast Arizona, USA, and northern Sonora, Mexico. We modeled locally important services that both modeling systems could address – carbon, water, and scenic viewsheds. We then applied managerially relevant scenarios for urban growth and mesquite management to quantify ecosystem service changes. InVEST and ARIES use different modeling approaches and ecosystem services metrics; for carbon, metrics were more similar and results were more easily comparable than for viewsheds or water. However, findings demonstrate similar gains and losses of ecosystem services and conclusions when comparing effects across our scenarios. Results were more closely aligned for landscape-scale urban-growth scenarios and more divergent for a site-scale mesquite-management scenario. Follow-up studies, including testing in different geographic contexts, can improve our understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of these and other ecosystem services modeling tools as they move closer to readiness for supporting day-to-day resource management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem Services","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.007","usgsCitation":"Bagstad, K.J., Semmens, D.J., and Winthrop, R., 2013, Comparing approaches to spatially explicit ecosystem service modeling: a case study from the San Pedro River, Arizona: Ecosystem Services, v. 5, p. 40-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.007.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-039089","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281009,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.07.007"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona;Sonora","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.7871,30.935 ], [ -110.7871,32.9811 ], [ -110.1041,32.9811 ], [ -110.1041,30.935 ], [ -110.7871,30.935 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd51f8e4b0b290850f43c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winthrop, Robert","contributorId":76216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winthrop","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047572,"text":"70047572 - 2013 - Low salinity hydrocarbon water disposal through deep subsurface drip irrigation: leaching of native selenium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T13:12:09","indexId":"70047572","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:57:34","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Low salinity hydrocarbon water disposal through deep subsurface drip irrigation: leaching of native selenium","docAbstract":"A subsurface drip irrigation system is being used in Wyoming’s Powder River Basin that treats high sodium, low salinity, coal bed methane (CBM) produced water with sulfuric acid and injects it into cropped fields at a depth of 0.92 m. Dissolution of native gypsum releases calcium that combats soil degradation that would otherwise result from high sodium water. Native selenium is leached from soil by application of the CBM water and traces native salt mobilization to groundwater. Resulting selenium concentrations in groundwater at this alluvial site were generally low (0.5–23 μg/L) compared to Wyoming’s agricultural use suitability standard (20 μg/L).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Publication Printers","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Bern, C., Engle, M.A., Boehlke, A., and Zupancic, J.W., 2013, Low salinity hydrocarbon water disposal through deep subsurface drip irrigation: leaching of native selenium, <i>in</i> Reliable Mine Water Technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA, v. II, p. 1187-1193.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1187","endPage":"1193","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-045731","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276429,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwa-meetings/proceedings/278-proceedings-2013.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.3714,43.4915 ], [ -107.3714,44.564 ], [ -106.0085,44.564 ], [ -106.0085,43.4915 ], [ -107.3714,43.4915 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056de4b0aa26cd7b53c1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian","contributorId":114141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509563,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509562,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolkersdorfer, Christian","contributorId":111680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkersdorfer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509561,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R.","contributorId":59325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam R. 0000-0003-4980-431X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":23835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zupancic, John W.","contributorId":73885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupancic","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70104281,"text":"70104281 - 2013 - Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-13T12:56:27","indexId":"70104281","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:51:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities","docAbstract":"Pelagic fish assessments often combine large amounts of acoustic-based fish density data and limited midwater trawl information to estimate species-specific biomass density. We compared the accuracy of five apportionment methods for estimating pelagic fish biomass density using simulated communities with known fish numbers that mimic Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Ontario, representing a range of fish community complexities. Across all apportionment methods, the error in the estimated biomass generally declined with increasing effort, but methods that accounted for community composition changes with water column depth performed best. Correlations between trawl catch and the true species composition were highest when more fish were caught, highlighting the benefits of targeted trawling in locations of high fish density. Pelagic fish surveys should incorporate geographic and water column depth stratification in the survey design, use apportionment methods that account for species-specific depth differences, target midwater trawling effort in areas of high fish density, and include at least 15 midwater trawls. With relatively basic biological information, simulations of fish communities and sampling programs can optimize effort allocation and reduce error in biomass estimates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072","usgsCitation":"Yule, D., Adams, J.V., Warner, D.M., Hrabik, T.R., Kocovsky, P., Weidel, B., Rudstam, L.G., and Sullivan, P., 2013, Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass using simulated fish communities: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 70, no. 12, p. 1845-1857, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1845","endPage":"1857","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-050720","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287089,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072"}],"volume":"70","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53733ef6e4b04970612788f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yule, Daniel L.","contributorId":92130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, David M. 0000-0003-4939-5368 dmwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":2986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","email":"dmwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick M.","contributorId":89381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick J.","contributorId":97813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70055511,"text":"70055511 - 2013 - Reply to “Ranking filter methods for concentrating pathogens in lake water”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T16:36:24","indexId":"70055511","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T12:18:25","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to “Ranking filter methods for concentrating pathogens in lake water”","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurately comparing filtration methods is indeed difficult. Our method (</span><a id=\"xref-ref-1-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\" href=\"http://aem.asm.org/content/79/17/5420#ref-1\" data-mce-href=\"http://aem.asm.org/content/79/17/5420#ref-1\">1</a><span>) and the method described by </span><a href=\"http://aem.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/AEM.01430-13\" data-mce-href=\"http://aem.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/AEM.01430-13\">Borchardt et al.</a><span> for determining recoveries are both acceptable approaches; however, each is designed to achieve a different research goal. Our study was designed to compare recoveries of multiple microorganisms in surface-water samples. Because, in practice, water-matrix effects come into play throughout filtration, concentration, and detection processes, we felt it important to incorporate those effects into the recovery results.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.01559-13","usgsCitation":"Bushon, R.N., Francy, D.S., Gallardo, V.J., Lindquist, H.A., Villegas, E.N., and Ware, M.W., 2013, Reply to “Ranking filter methods for concentrating pathogens in lake water”: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 79, no. 17, p. 5420-5421, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01559-13.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"5420","endPage":"5421","ipdsId":"IP-045848","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01559-13","text":"External Repository"},{"id":281833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7054e4b0b29085106fc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bushon, Rebecca N. rnbushon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"Rebecca","email":"rnbushon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallardo, Vicente J.","contributorId":25077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallardo","given":"Vicente","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindquist, H.D. Alan","contributorId":48666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindquist","given":"H.D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Villegas, Eric N.","contributorId":56947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villegas","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ware, Michael W.","contributorId":65357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ware","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70102155,"text":"70102155 - 2013 - Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T18:05:09","indexId":"70102155","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5492,"text":"Report of Investigations of the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2011-6","title":"Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012","docAbstract":"<p>Mount Chiginagak is a hydrothermally active volcano on the Alaska Peninsula, approximately 170 km south–southwest of King Salmon, Alaska (fig. 1). This small stratovolcano, approximately 8 km in diameter, has erupted through Tertiary to Permian sedimentary and igneous rocks (Detterman and others, 1987). The highest peak is at an elevation of 2,135 m, and the upper ~1,000 m of the volcano are covered with snow and ice. Holocene activity consists of debris avalanches, lahars, and lava flows. Pleistocene pyroclastic flows and block-and-ash flows, interlayered with andesitic lava flows, dominate the edifice rocks on the northern and western flanks. Historical reports of activity are limited and generally describe “steaming” and “smoking” (Coats, 1950; Powers, 1958). Proximal tephra collected during recent fieldwork suggests there may have been limited Holocene explosive activity that resulted in localized ash fall. A cluster of fumaroles on the north flank, at an elevation of ~1,750 m, commonly referred to as the “north flank fumarole” have been emitting gas throughout historical time (location shown in fig. 2). The only other thermal feature at the volcano is the Mother Goose hot springs located at the base of the edifice on the northwestern flank in upper Volcano Creek, at an elevation of ~160 m (fig. 2, near sites H1, H3, and H4).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Sometime between November 2004 and May 2005, a ~400-m-wide, 100-m-deep lake developed in the snow- and ice-filled summit crater of the volcano (Schaefer and others, 2008). In early May 2005, an estimated 3 million cubic meters (3×106 m3) of sulfurous, clay-rich debris and acidic water exited the crater through tunnels at the base of a glacier that breaches the south crater rim. More than 27 km downstream, these acidic flood waters reached approximately 1.3 m above normal water levels and inundated a fertile, salmon-spawning drainage, acidifying the entire water column of Mother Goose Lake from its surface waters to its maximum depth of 45 m (resulting pH ~2.9), and preventing the annual salmon run in the King Salmon River. A simultaneous release of gas and acidic aerosols from the crater caused widespread vegetation damage along the flow path.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Since 2005, we have been monitoring the crater lake water that continues to flow into Mother Goose Lake by collecting surface water samples for major cation and anion analysis, measuring surface-water pH of affected drainages, and photo-documenting the condition of the summit crater lake. This report describes water sampling locations, provides a table of chemistry and pH measurements, and documents the condition of the summit crater between 2004 and 2011. In September 2013, the report was updated with results of water-chemistry samples collected in 2011 and 2012, which were added as an addendum.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/25602","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, J.R., Scott, W.E., Evans, W.C., Wang, B., and McGimsey, R.G., 2013, Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012 (Version 2): Report of Investigations of the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys 2011-6, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/25602.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"31","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-034755","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/25602","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287597,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.14509/25602"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chiginagak Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.5,57.0 ], [ -157.5,57.25 ], [ -156.75,57.25 ], [ -156.75,57.0 ], [ -157.5,57.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b403e4b09e18fc023ab2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, Janet R.","contributorId":82224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047919,"text":"70047919 - 2013 - Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-15T11:57:46","indexId":"70047919","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:51:43","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species","docAbstract":"Amphibians in freshwater coastal wetlands periodically experience acute exposure to salinity from hurricane-related overwash events, as well as chronic exposure associated with rising sea levels. In a comparative experimental approach, we examined whether seven species of anuran amphibians vary in their tolerance to changes in salinity. In a laboratory study, we exposed larval <i>Hyla cinerea</i> (Green Treefrog), <i>H. squirella</i> (Squirrel Treefrog), <i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i> (American Bullfrog), <i>L. sphenocephalus</i> (Southern Leopard Frog), <i>Anaxyrus terrestris</i> (Southern Toad), and <i>Gastrophryne carolinensis</i> (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad) from an inland population in north central Florida, USA, and <i>Osteopilus septentrionalis</i> (Cuban Treefrog) tadpoles from an inland population in southwest Florida, to acute salinity for 72 h. For each species, we replicated trials in which tadpoles were exposed to salinities of 0.2 (control), 5, 10, 12, 14, and 16 ppt. For all species, tadpoles reared in the control and 5 ppt treatments had 96.7–100% survival. No individuals of <i>G. carolinensis</i> survived at salinities exceeding 5 ppt and no individuals of any species survived in the 14 or 16 ppt treatments. For all other native species, survival at 10 ppt ranged from 46.7 to 80%, but declined to 0% at 12 ppt (except for <i>H. cinerea</i>, of which only 3.3% survived at 12 ppt). In contrast, all individuals of the invasive, non-native <i>O. septentrionalis</i> survived exposure to a salinity of 10 ppt, and survival in this species remained relatively high at 12 ppt. Our results illustrate that the non-native <i>O. septentrionalis</i> has a higher salinity tolerance than the native species tested, which may contribute to its invasion potential. Moreover, species commonly associated with coastal freshwater wetlands differ in their salinity tolerances, suggesting that salt water intrusion due to storm surges and sea level rise may affect the species composition of these ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1643/CH-12-159","usgsCitation":"Brown, M.E., and Walls, S., 2013, Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species: Copeia, v. 2013, no. 3, p. 543-551, https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-12-159.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-039483","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281085,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CH-12-159"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.4 ], [ -87.63,31.0 ], [ -79.97,31.0 ], [ -79.97,24.4 ], [ -87.63,24.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2013","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7af5e4b0b2908510dd18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Mary E. 0000-0002-5580-137X mbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5580-137X","contributorId":5688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary","email":"mbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101103,"text":"70101103 - 2013 - Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T11:38:22","indexId":"70101103","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast","docAbstract":"We investigate an early nineteenth-century earthquake that has\nbeen previously cataloged but not previously investigated in\ndetail or recognized as a significant event. The earthquake\nstruck at approximately 4:30 a.m. LT on 8 January 1817 and\nwas widely felt throughout the southeastern and mid-Atlantic\nUnited States. Around 11:00 a.m. the same day, an eyewitness\ndescribed a 12-inch tide that rose abruptly and agitated boats\non the Delaware River near Philadelphia. We show that the\ntiming of this tide is consistent with the predicted travel time\nfor a tsunami generated by an offshore earthquake 6–7 hours\nearlier. By combining constraints provided by the shaking intensity\ndistribution and the tsunami observation, we conclude\nthat the 1817 earthquake had a magnitude of low- to mid-M 7\nand a location 800–1000 km offshore of South Carolina. Our\nresults suggest that poorly understood offshore source zones\nmight represent a previously unrecognized hazard to the\nsouthern and mid-Atlantic coast. Both observational and modeling\nresults indicate that potential tsunami hazard within\nDelaware Bay merits consideration: the simple geometry of\nthe bay appears to catch and focus tsunami waves. Our preferred\nlocation for the 1817 earthquake is along a diffuse\nnortheast-trending zone defined by instrumentally recorded\nand historical earthquakes. The seismotectonic framework for\nthis region remains enigmatic.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Research Letters","doi":"10.1785/0220120152","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., Munsey, J., and Ward, S.N., 2013, Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast: Seismological Research Letters, v. 84, no. 5, p. 891-898, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220120152.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"898","ipdsId":"IP-031186","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286176,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220120152"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"South Carolina Coast","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.5523,32.0993 ], [ -80.5523,34.4427 ], [ -77.4928,34.4427 ], [ -77.4928,32.0993 ], [ -80.5523,32.0993 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355955ce4b0120853e8c1b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munsey, Jeffrey","contributorId":77833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munsey","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, Steven N.","contributorId":9164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70074054,"text":"70074054 - 2013 - NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T11:39:50","indexId":"70074054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:26:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","docAbstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at low field is used extensively to provide porosity and \npore-size distributions in reservoir rocks. For unconventional resources, due to low porosity and \npermeability of the samples, much of the signal exists at very short T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times. In \naddition, the organic content of many shales will also produce signal at short relaxation times. \nDespite recent improvements in low-field technology, limitations still exist that make it difficult \nto account for all hydrogen-rich constituents in very tight rocks, such as shales. The short pulses \nand dead times along with stronger gradients available when using high-field NMR equipment \nprovides a more complete measurement of hydrogen-bearing phases due to the ability to probe \nshorter T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times (<10<sup>-5</sup>\n sec) than can be examined using low-field equipment. Access \nto these shorter T<sub>2</sub> times allows for confirmation of partially resolved peaks observed in low-field \nNMR data that have been attributed to solid organic phases in oil shales. High-field (300 MHz or \n7 T) NMR measurements of spin-spin T<sub>2</sub> and spin-lattice T<sub>1</sub> magnetic relaxation of raw and \nartificially matured oil shales have potential to provide data complementary to low field (2 MHz \nor 0.05T) measurements. Measurements of high-field T<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> correlations are presented. \nThese data can be interpreted in terms of organic matter phases and mineral-bound water known \nto be present in the shale samples, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and \nshow distributions of hydrogen-bearing phases present in the shales that are similar to those \nobserved in low field measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Core Analysts","usgsCitation":"Seymour, J.D., Washburn, K.E., Kirkland, C.M., Vogt, S.J., Birdwell, J.E., and Codd, S.L., 2013, NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field, <i>in</i> Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045781","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scaweb.org/symposium_2013_proceedings.shtml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056fe4b0aa26cd7b53d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine M.","contributorId":67414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Codd, Sarah L.","contributorId":70291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codd","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70171010,"text":"70171010 - 2013 - Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T10:00:25","indexId":"70171010","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","docAbstract":"<p><span>A slug test behaves as a harmonic oscillator, subject to both inertial effects and viscous damping. When viscous and inertial forces are closely balanced, the system is nearly critically damped, and water-level recovery is affected by inertial effects, but does not exhibit oscillation. These effects were investigated by use of type curves, generated both by modification of Kipp's (1985) computer program and by use of the Butler-Zhan (2004) model. Utility of the type curves was verified by re-analysis of the Regina slug test previously analyzed by Kipp. These type curves indicate that near-critical inertial effects result in early-time delayed water-level response followed by merger with, or more rapid recovery than, response for the fully damped case. Because of this early time response, slug tests in the moderately over-damped range are best analyzed using log-log type curves of (1 &minus;</span><i>&nbsp;H</i><span>/</span><i>H</i><span>0</span><span>) vs.&nbsp;</span><i>Tt</i><span>/</span><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://api.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/asset/v1/doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2012.01012.x/asset/equation%2Fgwat1012_mu1.gif?l=j6%2BNsqLlmq%2FmQfl1QGCE0TaRAkVTmoGxSAOc7sP4TM8tzsNQHl4l6HUmaFRwikEHj%2FVqSi8TVqIp%0AG7%2FBJIqfj6bnXKtCVPNm\" alt=\"inline image\" /><span>. Failure to recognize inertial effects in slug test data could result in an over-estimate of transmissivity, and a too-small estimate of storage coefficient or too-large estimate of well skin. However, application of the widely used but highly empirical Hvorslev (1951) method to analyze both the Regina slug test and type-curve generated data indicate that such analyses provide&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;values within a factor of 2 of the true value.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"State Water Control Board","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x","usgsCitation":"Weeks, E.P., and Clark, A.C., 2013, Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response: Groundwater, v. 51, no. 5, p. 775-780, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034442","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d64fde4b07e28b6683dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70124577,"text":"70124577 - 2013 - Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:12:20","indexId":"70124577","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:57:23","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3700,"text":"Viruses","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1","docAbstract":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 remains a serious concern for both poultry and human health. Wild waterfowl are considered to be the reservoir for low pathogenic avian influenza viruses; however, relatively little is known about their movement ecology in regions where HPAI H5N1 outbreaks regularly occur. We studied movements of the ruddy shelduck (<i>Tadorna ferruginea</i>), a wild migratory waterfowl species that was infected in the 2005 Qinghai Lake outbreak. We defined their migration with Brownian Bridge utilization distribution models and their breeding and wintering grounds with fixed kernel home ranges. We correlated their movements with HPAI H5N1 outbreaks, poultry density, land cover, and latitude in the Central Asian Flyway. Our Akaike Information Criterion analysis indicated that outbreaks were correlated with land cover, latitude, and poultry density. Although shelduck movements were included in the top two models, they were not a top parameter selected in AICc stepwise regression results. However, timing of outbreaks suggested that outbreaks in the flyway began during the winter in poultry with spillover to wild birds during the spring migration. Thus, studies of the movement ecology of wild birds in areas with persistent HPAI H5N1 outbreaks may contribute to understanding their role in transmission of this disease.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Viruses","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/v5092129","usgsCitation":"Takekawa, J.Y., Prosser, D.J., Collins, B.M., Douglas, D.C., Perry, W.M., Baoping, Y., Luo, Z., Hou, Y., Lei, F., Li, T., Li, Y., and Newman, S.H., 2013, Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1: Viruses, v. 5, no. 9, p. 2129-2152, https://doi.org/10.3390/v5092129.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2129","endPage":"2152","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-050697","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/v5092129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293815,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293791,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5092129"}],"otherGeospatial":"Asia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 76.99,7.71 ], [ 76.99,52.11 ], [ 116.28,52.11 ], [ 116.28,7.71 ], [ 76.99,7.71 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b23e4b082fed288b935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Bridget M.","contributorId":84900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Bridget","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baoping, Yan","contributorId":86670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baoping","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luo, Ze","contributorId":41307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Ze","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hou, Yuansheng","contributorId":80400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"Yuansheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lei, Fumin","contributorId":33841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Fumin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Li, Tianxian","contributorId":34651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Tianxian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Li, Yongdong","contributorId":25698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yongdong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70046791,"text":"70046791 - 2013 - Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T13:30:51","indexId":"70046791","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","docAbstract":"When conducting model averaging for assessing groundwater conceptual model uncertainty, the averaging weights are often evaluated using model selection criteria such as AIC, AICc, BIC, and KIC (Akaike Information Criterion, Corrected Akaike Information Criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Kashyap Information Criterion, respectively). However, this method often leads to an unrealistic situation in which the best model receives overwhelmingly large averaging weight (close to 100%), which cannot be justified by available data and knowledge. It was found in this study that this problem was caused by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>E</sub>, of measurement errors for estimating the negative log likelihood function common to all the model selection criteria. This problem can be resolved by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>ek</sub>, of total errors (including model errors and measurement errors) to account for the correlation between the total errors. An iterative two-stage method was developed in the context of maximum likelihood inverse modeling to iteratively infer the unknown C<sub>ek</sub> from the residuals during model calibration. The inferred C<sub>ek</sub> was then used in the evaluation of model selection criteria and model averaging weights. While this method was limited to serial data using time series techniques in this study, it can be extended to spatial data using geostatistical techniques. The method was first evaluated in a synthetic study and then applied to an experimental study, in which alternative surface complexation models were developed to simulate column experiments of uranium reactive transport. It was found that the total errors of the alternative models were temporally correlated due to the model errors. The iterative two-stage method using C<sub>ek</sub>resolved the problem that the best model receives 100% model averaging weight, and the resulting model averaging weights were supported by the calibration results and physical understanding of the alternative models. Using C<sub>ek</sub> obtained from the iterative two-stage method also improved predictive performance of the individual models and model averaging in both synthetic and experimental studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resource Reseach","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20441","usgsCitation":"Lu, D., Ye, M., Meyer, P., Curtis, G.P., Shi, X., Niu, X., and Yabusaki, S.B., 2013, Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 9, p. 6029-6047, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"6029","endPage":"6047","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-048964","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278962,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441"}],"volume":"49","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5869e4b02d2057dd95d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Dan","contributorId":58176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ye, Ming","contributorId":70276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ye","given":"Ming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Philip D.","contributorId":6363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Philip D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curtis, Gary P. 0000-0003-3975-8882 gpcurtis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-8882","contributorId":2346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"gpcurtis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shi, Xiaoqing","contributorId":54102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Xiaoqing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Niu, Xu-Feng","contributorId":68639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niu","given":"Xu-Feng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yabusaki, Steve B.","contributorId":26961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yabusaki","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046862,"text":"70046862 - 2013 - Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:23:20","indexId":"70046862","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems","docAbstract":"<p>A series of CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption experiments on natural organic-rich shales, isolated kerogen, clay-rich rocks, and artificially matured Woodford Shale samples were conducted under dry conditions. Our results indicate that physisorption is a dominant process for CH<sub>4</sub> sorption, both on organic-rich shales and clay minerals. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the investigated samples is linearly correlated with the CH<sub>4</sub> sorption capacity in both organic-rich shales and clay-rich rocks. The presence of organic matter is a primary control on gas adsorption in shale-gas systems, and the gas-sorption capacity is determined by total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic-matter type, and thermal maturity. A large number of nanopores, in the 2–50 nm size range, were created during organic-matter thermal decomposition, and they significantly contributed to the surface area. Consequently, methane-sorption capacity increases with increasing thermal maturity due to the presence of nanopores produced during organic-matter decomposition. Furthermore, CH<sub>4</sub> sorption on clay minerals is mainly controlled by the type of clay mineral present. In terms of relative CH<sub>4</sub> sorption capacity: montmorillonite ≫ illite – smectite mixed layer > kaolinite > chlorite > illite.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The effect of rock properties (organic matter content, type, maturity, and clay minerals) on CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption can be quantified with the heat of adsorption and the standard entropy, which are determined from adsorption isotherms at different temperatures. For clay-mineral rich rocks, the heat of adsorption (q) ranges from 9.4 to 16.6 kJ/mol. These values are considerably smaller than those for CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on kerogen (21.9–28 kJ/mol) and organic-rich shales (15.1–18.4 kJ/mol). The standard entropy (Δs°) ranges from -64.8 to -79.5 J/mol/K for clay minerals, -68.1 to -111.3 J/mol/K for kerogen, and -76.0 to -84.6 J/mol/K for organic-rich shales. The affinity of CH<sub>4</sub> molecules for sorption on organic matter is stronger than for most common clay minerals. Thus, it is expected that CH<sub>4</sub> molecules may preferentially occupy surface sites on organic matter. However, active sites on clay mineral surfaces are easily blocked by water. As a consequence, organic-rich shales possess a larger CH<sub>4</sub>-sorption capacity than clay-rich rocks lacking organic matter. The thermodynamic parameters obtained in this study can be incorporated into model predictions of the maximum Langmuir pressure and CH<sub>4</sub>- sorption capacity of shales under reservoir temperature and pressure conditions.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.1190/urtec2013-205","usgsCitation":"Zhang, T., Ellis, G.S., Ruppel, S.C., Milliken, K., Lewan, M., and Sun, X., 2013, Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems, <i>in</i> Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013, p. 1996-2001, https://doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-205.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1996","endPage":"2001","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-046242","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287657,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-205"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870564e4b0aa26cd7b5392","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baez, Luis","contributorId":111487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baez","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509346,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeney, Ken","contributorId":112969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeney","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509348,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sonnenberg, Steve","contributorId":112354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonnenberg","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509347,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Tongwei","contributorId":107595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tongwei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Stephen C.","contributorId":20656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milliken, Kitty","contributorId":44078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliken","given":"Kitty","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewan, Mike","contributorId":73112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sun, Xun","contributorId":71104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Xun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70143959,"text":"70143959 - 2013 - Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-24T09:15:39","indexId":"70143959","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","docAbstract":"<p>For over 40 years, acid deposition has been recognized as a serious international environmental problem, but efforts to restore acidified streams and biota have had limited success. The need to better understand the effects of different sources of acidity on streams has become more pressing with the recent increases in surface water organic acids, or 'brownification' associated with climate change and decreased inorganic acid deposition. Here, we carried out a large scale multi-seasonal investigation in the Adirondacks, one of the most acid-impacted regions in the United States, to assess how acid stream producers respond to local and watershed influences and whether these influences can be used in acidification remediation. We explored the pathways of wetland control on aluminum chemistry and diatom taxonomic and functional composition. We demonstrate that streams with larger watershed wetlands have higher organic content, lower concentrations of acidic anions, and lower ratios of inorganic to organic monomeric aluminum, all beneficial for diatom biodiversity and guilds producing high biomass. Although brownification has been viewed as a form of pollution, our results indicate that it may be a stimulating force for biofilm producers with potentially positive consequences for higher trophic levels. Our research also reveals that the mechanism of watershed control of local stream diatom biodiversity through wetland export of organic matter is universal in running waters, operating not only in hard streams, as previously reported, but also in acid streams. Our findings that the negative impacts of acid deposition on Adirondack stream chemistry and biota can be mitigated by wetlands have important implications for biodiversity conservation and stream ecosystem management. Future acidification research should focus on the potential for wetlands to improve stream ecosystem health in acid-impacted regions and their direct use in stream restoration, for example, through stream rechanneling or wetland construction in appropriate hydrologic settings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12265","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Pound, K., Lawrence, G.B., and Passy, S.I., 2013, Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 2720-2728, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12265.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2720","endPage":"2728","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062334","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55128abce4b02e76d75bd62d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pound, Katrina L","contributorId":139826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pound","given":"Katrina L","affiliations":[{"id":13288,"text":"Graduate student, Dept of Biology, Univ of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passy, Sophia I.","contributorId":49067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passy","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048814,"text":"70048814 - 2013 - Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T10:10:57","indexId":"70048814","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:07:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications","docAbstract":"At the interface of the Great Lakes and their tributary rivers lies the rivermouths, a class of aquatic ecosystem where lake and lotic processes mix and distinct features emerge. Many rivermouths are the focal point of both human interaction with the Great Lakes and human impacts to the lakes; many cities, ports, and beaches are located in rivermouth ecosystems, and these human pressures often degrade key ecological functions that rivermouths provide. Despite their ecological uniqueness and apparent economic importance, there has been relatively little research on these ecosystems as a class relative to studies on upstream rivers or the open-lake waters. Here we present a synthesis of current knowledge about ecosystem structure and function in Great Lakes rivermouths based on studies in both Laurentian rivermouths, coastal wetlands, and marine estuarine systems. A conceptual model is presented that establishes a common semantic framework for discussing the characteristic spatial features of rivermouths. This model then is used to conceptually link ecosystem structure and function to ecological services provided by rivermouths. This synthesis helps identify the critical gaps in understanding rivermouth ecology. Specifically, additional information is needed on how rivermouths collectively influence the Great Lakes ecosystem, how human alterations influence rivermouth functions, and how ecosystem services provided by rivermouths can be managed to benefit the surrounding socioeconomic networks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Trebitz, A., Steinman, A.D., Wiley, M., Carlson Mazur, M., Pebbles, V., Braun, H.A., and Seelbach, P.W., 2013, Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 513-524, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"524","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038997","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278903,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc490e4b0850ea050ce7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trebitz, Anett S.","contributorId":24746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trebitz","given":"Anett S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steinman, Alan D.","contributorId":71868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiley, Michael J.","contributorId":30112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson Mazur, Martha","contributorId":95786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson Mazur","given":"Martha","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pebbles, Victoria vpebbles@usgs.gov","contributorId":5633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pebbles","given":"Victoria","email":"vpebbles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Braun, Heather A.","contributorId":61325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048258,"text":"70048258 - 2013 - The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-09T13:39:20","indexId":"70048258","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:02:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","docAbstract":"Many studies have shown that lake ice-out (break-up) dates in the Northern Hemisphere are useful indicators of late winter/early spring climate change. Trends in lake ice-out dates in New England, USA, were analyzed for 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 year periods ending in 2008. More than 100 years of ice-out data were available for 19 of the 28 lakes in this study. The magnitude of trends over time depends on the length of the period considered. For the recent 25-year period, there was a mix of earlier and later ice-out dates. Lake ice-outs during the last 50 years became earlier by 1.8 days/decade (median change for all lakes with adequate data). This is a much higher rate than for longer historical periods; ice-outs became earlier by 0.6 days/decade during the last 75 years, 0.4 days/ decade during the last 100 years, and 0.6 days/decade during the last 125 years. The significance of trends was assessed under the assumption of serial independence of historical ice-out dates and under the assumption of short and long term persistence. Hypolimnion dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are an important factor in lake eutrophication and coldwater fish survival. Based on historical data available at three lakes, 32 to 46 % of the interannual variability of late summer hypolimnion DO levels was related to ice-out dates; earlier ice-outs were associated with lower DO levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., 2013, The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England: Climatic Change, v. 119, p. 705-718, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"718","ipdsId":"IP-015081","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277956,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine;Massachusetts;New Hampshire;Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6e69e4b097188d6c7713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70094676,"text":"70094676 - 2013 - Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T09:53:49","indexId":"70094676","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"We combined aeromagnetic, induced polarization, magnetotelluric, and gravity surveys as well as drillhole geologic, alteration, magnetic susceptibility, and density data for exploration and characterization of the Cu-Au-Mo Pebble porphyry deposit. This undeveloped deposit is almost completely concealed by postmineralization sedimentary and volcanic rocks, presenting an exploration challenge. Individual geophysical methods primarily assist regional characterization. Positive chargeability and conductivity anomalies are observed over a broad region surrounding the deposit, likely representing sulfide minerals that accumulated during multiple stages of hydrothermal alteration. The mineralized area occupies only a small part of the chargeability anomaly because sulfide precipitation was not unique to the deposit, and mafic rocks also exhibit strong chargeability. Conductivity anomalies similarly reflect widespread sulfides as well as water-saturated glacial sediments. Mineralogical and magnetic susceptibility data indicate magnetite destruction primarily within the Cu-Au-Mo mineralized area. The magnetic field does not show a corresponding anomaly low but the analytic signal does in areas where the deposit is not covered by postmineralization igneous rocks. The analytic signal shows similar lows over sedimentary rocks outside of the mineralized area, however, and cannot uniquely distinguish the deposit. We find that the intersection of positive chargeability anomalies with analytic signal lows, indicating elevated sulfide concentrations but low magnetite at shallow depths, roughly delineates the deposit where it is covered only by glacial sediments. Neither chargeability highs nor analytic signal lows are present where the deposit is covered by several hundred meters of sedimentary and volcanic rocks, but a 3D resistivity model derived from magnetotelluric data shows a corresponding zone of higher conductivity. Gravity data highlight geologic features within the deposit, including shallow diorite sills that locally contain higher-grade mineralization. The results thus show ways in which an integrated survey approach might be used to distinguish zones of potentially economic mineralization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2013-0046.1","usgsCitation":"Shah, A.K., Bedrosian, P.A., Anderson, E.D., Kelley, K., and Lang, J., 2013, Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska: Geophysics, v. 78, no. 5, p. 317-328, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043864","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282664,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kahiltna Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd62b0e4b0b290850fe596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lang, James","contributorId":15931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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