{"pageNumber":"604","pageRowStart":"15075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16498,"records":[{"id":48097,"text":"ofr72464 - 1972 - Records of water-level measurements in wells in the Oklahoma panhandle, 1971-72","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T16:43:35","indexId":"ofr72464","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-464","title":"Records of water-level measurements in wells in the Oklahoma panhandle, 1971-72","docAbstract":"<p>Investigations of the ground-water resources of the Oklahoma panhandle by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board includes collection of water-level records; the systematic collection of these records began in 1937. Records of many shallow wells were compiled in 1937 and periodic measurements were made in a few wells until 1966. Owing to the heavy development of irrigation during the 1960's (fig. 1) an expanded network of observation wells established in Texas County in 1966 and in Beaver and Cimarron Counties in 1967; measurement of water levels have been made on an annual basis since those times.</p><p>This report contains water-level records for the period 1971-72 and the water-level change for the period 1966-72 in Texas County, and for the period 1967-72 in Beaver and Cimarron Counties. At the present time (1972) the annual observation-well network includes 521 wells, of which 97 are in Beaver County, 203 are in Cimarron County, and 221 are in Texas County. These data provide an index to available ground-water supplies; they will be useful in planning and studying water resources development; and they will serve as a framework of data for the detailed hydrologic investigation now in progress in the panhandle.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72464","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Hart, D.L., Hoffman, G.L., and Goemaat, R.L., 1972, Records of water-level measurements in wells in the Oklahoma panhandle, 1971-72: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-464, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72464.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287757,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0464/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.01 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Beaver County, Cimarron County, Texas County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-100.9441,36.9988],[-100.6337,36.9986],[-100.1079,36.9983],[-100.0902,36.9983],[-100.0024,36.9985],[-100.004,36.8538],[-100.0044,36.76],[-100.0045,36.5917],[-100.0044,36.5849],[-100.0038,36.4998],[-100.1458,36.4998],[-100.3204,36.4999],[-100.5459,36.4994],[-100.7022,36.5],[-100.8939,36.4998],[-100.9524,36.4998],[-101.0908,36.5003],[-101.6255,36.5025],[-101.87,36.5034],[-102.1618,36.5004],[-103.0007,36.5013],[-103.0007,36.5905],[-103.0007,36.6732],[-103.0007,36.7643],[-103.0008,36.9341],[-103.0009,36.999],[-102.7973,36.9988],[-102.7859,36.9988],[-102.7808,36.9986],[-102.7016,36.9958],[-102.6943,36.9957],[-102.6757,36.9956],[-102.5627,36.9962],[-102.5372,36.9963],[-102.5034,36.9963],[-102.4775,36.9963],[-102.4577,36.9961],[-102.3931,36.9955],[-102.351,36.9951],[-102.3247,36.9948],[-102.0423,36.9922],[-102.0417,36.9922],[-102.0281,36.9925],[-101.9881,36.9925],[-101.918,36.9929],[-101.5552,36.9951],[-101.544,36.9952],[-101.2679,36.9967],[-101.0671,36.9978],[-100.9536,36.9988],[-100.9441,36.9988]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Beaver\",\"state\":\"OK\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Donald L. Jr.","contributorId":89946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, George L.","contributorId":6106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goemaat, Robert L.","contributorId":64256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goemaat","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":12783,"text":"ofr7249 - 1972 - Geology and hydrology of the Carlsbad potash area, Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-02T19:26:33.600758","indexId":"ofr7249","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-49","title":"Geology and hydrology of the Carlsbad potash area, Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7249","usgsCitation":"Brokaw, A.L., 1972, Geology and hydrology of the Carlsbad potash area, Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-49, Report: vi, 86 p.; 8 Figures: 34.79 x 16.69 inches or smaller; 1 Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7249.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 86 p.; 8 Figures: 34.79 x 16.69 inches or smaller; 1 Table","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112962,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_04_a.pdf","text":"Figure 4A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112963,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_05.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112964,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_07.pdf","text":"Figure 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112965,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_10.pdf","text":"Figure 10","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112966,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_12.pdf","text":"Figure 12","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112967,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_16.pdf","text":"Figure 16","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112968,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_17.pdf","text":"Figure 17","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112961,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":464637,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8737.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":112969,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-figure_18.pdf","text":"Figure 18","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":112970,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0049/plate-table_3.pdf","text":"Table 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Eddy County, Lea County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.5,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5,\n              33\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4664","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brokaw, Arnold Leslie","contributorId":11205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brokaw","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"Leslie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2142,"text":"wsp1988 - 1972 - Definitions of selected ground-water terms, revisions and conceptual refinements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T10:52:28","indexId":"wsp1988","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1988","title":"Definitions of selected ground-water terms, revisions and conceptual refinements","docAbstract":"<p>For many years there has been a need for redefinition or more precise definition of certain ground-water terms used in publications by members of the U.S . Geological Survey. Another problem has been the expression of the coefficient of permeability (herein redefined as <i>hydraulic conductivity</i>) and the coefficient of transmissibility (herein redefined as <i>transmissivity</i>) in inconsistent units that included the U.S . gallon, the foot, and in some expressions, the mile. Such inconsistent units and the attendant confusing numerical conversion factors used in flow equations, such as 527.7, 264, and 114.6, makes it unnecessarily difficult for hydrologists, especially in foreign countries, to follow and use our published results. Because of this it is advisable that basic ground-water flow equations in publications by members of the Geological Survey contain only the pure dimensionless numbers that result from the derivation of the equations, such as 2, 2.30, e, <span class=\"selflink\"><span class=\"texhtml\">&pi;</span></span>&nbsp;, and 4, and that numerical results having dimensions should be expressed in consistent units of measurement.</p>\n<p>If in the solution of problems it is necessary or desirable to use inconsistent units, suitable conversion factors should be included so that the result is expressed in consistent units of length and time. For example, if a discharge rate is given in U.S. gallons per minute, conversion factors such as 7.48 gal ft<sup>-3</sup> and 1,440 min day<sup>-1</sup> should be included. Many hydrologists in English-speaking countries including the United States are already using consistent units in the fps, cgs, or mks systems of measurement.</p>\n<p>To meet the growing need for consistency, J. T. Callahan, then acting chief, Ground Water Branch, in a memoradum of October 21, 1965, appointed the Committee on Redefinition of Ground-Water Terms.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1988","usgsCitation":"Lohman, S.W., 1972, Definitions of selected ground-water terms, revisions and conceptual refinements: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1988, vi, 21 p. ;22 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1988.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p. ;22 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wsp1988.GIF"},{"id":23,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp1988/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67248b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohman, Stanley William","contributorId":53361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohman","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23782,"text":"ofr72244 - 1972 - Hydrologic investigations of the Edwards and associated limestones in the San Antonio area, Texas; progress report, 1970-71","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T16:15:22","indexId":"ofr72244","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-244","title":"Hydrologic investigations of the Edwards and associated limestones in the San Antonio area, Texas; progress report, 1970-71","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72244","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Maclay, R., and Rettman, P., 1972, Hydrologic investigations of the Edwards and associated limestones in the San Antonio area, Texas; progress report, 1970-71: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-244, iii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72244.","productDescription":"iii, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.19580078125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.19580078125,\n              29.699982298744377\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.699982298744377\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.8165283203125,\n              29.123373210819224\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db6068ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maclay, R.W.","contributorId":72804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maclay","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rettman, P.L.","contributorId":60663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettman","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1217,"text":"wsp1999H - 1972 - Subsurface geology of the late Tertiary and Quaternary water-bearing deposits of the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:17","indexId":"wsp1999H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1999","chapter":"H","title":"Subsurface geology of the late Tertiary and Quaternary water-bearing deposits of the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"The study area, which includes about 5,000 square miles of the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley, is a broad structural trough of mostly interior drainage. The Sierra Nevada on the east is composed of consolidated igneous and metamorphic rocks of pre-Tertiary age. The surface of these rocks slopes 4?-6? southwestward from the foothills and underlies the valley. The Coast Ranges on the west consist mostly of complexly folded and faulted consolidated marine and nonmarine sedimentary rocks of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary age, which dip eastward and overlie the basement complex. Unconsolidated deposits, of late Pliocene to Holocene age, blanket the underlying consolidated rocks in the valley and are the source of most of the fresh ground water. The unconsolidated deposits, the subject of this report, are divided into informal stratigraphic units on the basis of source of sediment, environment of deposition, and texture. \r\n\r\nFlood-basin, lacustrine, and marsh deposits are fine grained and underlie the valley trough. They range in age from late Pliocene to Holocene. These deposits, consisting of nearly impermeable gypsiferous fine sand, silt, and clay, are more than 3,000 feet thick beneath parts of Tulare Lake bed. In other parts of the trough, flood-basin, lacustrine, and marsh deposits branch into clayey or silty clay tongues designated by the letter symbols A to F. Three of these tongues, the E, C, and A clays, lie beneath large areas of the southern part of the valley. \r\n\r\nThe E clay includes the Corcoran Clay Member of the Tulare Formation, the most extensive hydrologic confining layer in the valley. The E clay underlies about 3,500 square miles of bottom land and western slopes. The beds generally are dark-greenish-gray mostly diatomaceous silty clay of Pleistocene age. Marginally, the unit bifurcates into an upper and a lower stratum that contains thin beds of moderately yellowish-brown silt and sand. The E clay is warped into broad, gentle northwesterly trending anticlines and synclines. \r\n\r\nThe C clay, of Pleistocene age, is a fine-grained lacustrine or paludal deposit occurring 220-300 feet beneath Tulare Lake bed and parts of Fresno Slough. The beds consist of bluish-gray silty clay. Structural contours indicate that the C clay has been extensively warped and folded. \r\n\r\nThe A clay of Pleistocene and Holocene (?) age is a fine-grained lacustrine or paludal deposit occurring 10-60 feet beneath Buena Vista, Kern, and Tulare Lake beds, and parts of Fresno Slough. The clay is mainly blue or dark greenish gray, plastic, and highly organic. In some areas the unit is separated into an upper and a lower stratum by several feet of sand. A radiocarbon date of 26,780 ? 600 years was obtained from wood cored 3 feet beneath the clay. \r\n\r\nContinental deposits are arkosic beds of late Pliocene and Pleistocene (?) age and were derived from the Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi, and San Emigdio Mountains. In places, a reduced-oxidized contact transgresses the deposits derived from the Sierra Nevada. The reduced deposits consist of moderately permeable bluish-green or bluish-gray fine to medium sand, silt, and clay. The oxidized deposits consist mainly of poorly permeable yellowish-brown silt and fine sand. Deposits derived from the Tehachapi and the San Emigdio Mountains consist of poorly to moderately permeable yellowish-brown sand and silt. Continental and alluvial deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that were derived from the Coast Ranges consist mainly of poorly to moderately permeable yellowish-brown gravel, sand, silt, and clay. They include the Tulare Formation and overlying alluvial deposits. \r\n\r\nAlluvium is composed of coarse arkosic deposits derived from the Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi, and San Emigdio Mountains. A reduced-oxidized contact also transgresses the alluvial deposits derived from the Sierra Nevada. The oxidized deposits consist of poorly to highly permeable yellowish-brown gravel, sand, silt, and clay. The reduc","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1999H","usgsCitation":"Croft, M., 1972, Subsurface geology of the late Tertiary and Quaternary water-bearing deposits of the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1999, iv, 29 p. :illus. and portfolio (6 plates) ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1999H.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :illus. and portfolio (6 plates) ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26116,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26117,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26118,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26119,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26120,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26121,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26122,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999h/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croft, M.G.","contributorId":55413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croft","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1169,"text":"wsp1968 - 1972 - The hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22746,"text":"ofr7273 - 1972 - Hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species; Part II, Humptulips, Elochoman, Gereen, and Wynoochee Rivers","indexId":"ofr7273","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species; Part II, Humptulips, Elochoman, Gereen, and Wynoochee Rivers"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1169,"text":"wsp1968 - 1972 - The hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species","indexId":"wsp1968","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"The hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:16","indexId":"wsp1968","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1968","title":"The hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species","docAbstract":"Enhancement-or possibly even preservation-of the Pacific salmon hinges on the careful planning and proper management of the streamflow upon which they depend for spawning. Most spawning activity occurs on reaches of streams where specific hydraulic conditions exist and where stream-channel characteristics and water-quality criteria are met. The present report is the first of a series and is used to present the method of determining preferred spawning conditions and results of the investigation of 129 measurements on 14 study reaches of the Dewatto, Cedar, Kalama, and North 'Fork Nooksack Rivers. Subsequent reports, using the same method will present analyses and preferred spawning and rearing discharges for other streams used by salmon. The method consists of measuring water depth and velocities to designate, from area-(spawnable) discharge curves, peak, preferred spawning discharges for fall chinook, spring chinook, sockeye, and coho salmon at each reach on each river. Also, streambed gravels, water temperature, suspended sediment, dissolved oxygen, and specific conductance are used to help evaluate river conditions during spawning. \r\n\r\nIn examining the repeatability of the method, tested by analyzing independently each of selected pairs of adjacent reaches on the Cedar River, it was found that the preferred peak discharges from the comparisons varied 4.6 percent for the average of four species and two pairs of reaches. Peak spawning discharges ranged, for the four salmon species on each of the three study reaches of each river, from 50 to 140 cfs (cubic feet per second) on Dewatto River, from 230 to 510 cfs on Cedar River, from 245 to 800 cfs on Kalama River, and from 195 to 710 cfs on North Fork Nooksack River. The results indicate that the methods used and the probable discharge values determined are reasonable and, if economically justified, may be used to select discharges, for salmon spawning and rearing.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1968","usgsCitation":"Collings, M.R., Smith, R.W., and Higgins, G., 1972, The hydrology of four streams in western Washington as related to several Pacific salmon species: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1968, viii, 109 p. :ill., maps ;23 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1968.","productDescription":"viii, 109 p. :ill., maps ;23 cm. --","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1968/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26004,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1968/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collings, Michael R.","contributorId":48570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collings","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Ronald W.","contributorId":50036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, G.T.","contributorId":52971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":48096,"text":"ofr72462 - 1972 - A summary view of water supply and demand in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T07:35:21","indexId":"ofr72462","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-462","title":"A summary view of water supply and demand in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents a summary view of the water-supply situation in the nine counties that comprise the San Francisco Bay region, California, and thereby provides water data, based on 1970 conditions, that are needed for regional planning. For the purpose of this study the nine-county region has been divided into 15 subregions on the basis of hydrologic and economic considerations. Firm water supply is tabulated for each subregion by source--ground water, surface water, and imported water. Water demand in 1970 is tabulated for each subregion by type of use or demand--public supply, rural self-supply, irrigation, self-supplied industrial water and thermoelectric power generation.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The San Francisco Bay region is dependent to a large degree on imported water. Under 1970 conditions of development, the firm water supply is 2.2 million acre-feet per year; of that quantity, almost 1 million acre-feet per year is imported water. The water demand in 1970 was 1.9 million acre-feet, about half of which was consumed. Under 1970 conditions of water development and use, a series of dry years would probably necessitate some curtailment of irrigation activities in four of the subregions, where the bulk of the demands i for irrigation water. Under those same conditions there is generally ample water for municipal and industrial use throughout the region, except in eastern Marin County where the firm municipal supple does not exceed the 1970 demand for municipal and industrial water.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Although the firm water supply of the San Francisco Bay region, including imported water, is generally adequate to meet present needs, supplemental supply will be required to meet increased demand in the future. The expansion of existing surface-water facilities and the construction of new surface-water projects, now considered feasible, could provide a combined firm supplemental yield of slightly more than 1 million acre-feet per year, almost three-fourths of which would be available for import by those subregions that might experience a water deficient in the future. However, any supplemental water that might be developed by such alternative methods as desalination of brackish or salt water, weather modification, and various conservation measure, will correspondingly reduce requirement for supplemental water from the more conventional sources.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The aspect of water quality is not discussed in this paper. Because of the present availability of imported water of good or acceptable quality, water quality, as it affects the supply, is not a serious problem at this time, except perhaps in local areas adjacent to San Francisco Bay and in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. In those areas ground water has been degraded by salinity intrusion. Although the prediction of future trends in population, land use, and water demand is beyond the scope of this report, there is not doubt that vigilance and careful planning will be required to prevent serious future deterioration of the quality of the water supply.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr72462","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development","usgsCitation":"Rantz, S.E., 1972, A summary view of water supply and demand in the San Francisco Bay Region, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-462, iv, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72462.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287753,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0462/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.0,37.0 ], [ -124.0,39.0 ], [ -121.0,39.0 ], [ -121.0,37.0 ], [ -124.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rantz, Saul E.","contributorId":46010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rantz","given":"Saul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1131,"text":"wsp1880A - 1972 - Floods of August 1967 in east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-02T18:25:42.243603","indexId":"wsp1880A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1880","chapter":"A","title":"Floods of August 1967 in east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"East-central Alaska had record floods near Fairbanks following extensive rains of August 8-20, 1967. Precipitation during this period totaled as much as 10 inches, which is close to the average annual precipitation for this area. \r\n\r\nThe most extensive flooding occurred in the White Mountains northeast of Fairbanks and along the major streams draining those mountains. Some of the major streams flooded were the Salcha, Chena, Chatanika, Tolovana, and lower Tanana Rivers, and Birch Creek west of Circle. \r\n\r\nPeak discharges on some streams in the flood area were from two to four times the probable 50-year flood. The peak discharge of 74,400 cubic feet per second of the Chena River at Fairbanks, from 1,980 square miles of drainage area, was 2.6 times the 50-year flood. \r\n\r\nThe rise of ground-water levels in the Tanana River flood plain to the land surface during the flood caused foundation failures and prevented drainage of subsurface structures. Above-normal ground-water levels existed until the middle of September. \r\n\r\nTotal flood damage was estimated in excess of $85 million. Six lives were reported lost, and about 12,000 persons were evacuated during the flood. This report has been prepared to furnish hydrologic data for development planning. Included are discussions of antecedent streamflow, meteorology of the storm, descriptions of floods, flood damage, flood frequency, ground-water conditions, and stages and discharges of major streams for August 1967.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1880A","usgsCitation":"Childers, J.M., Meckel, J.P., and Anderson, G.S., 1972, Floods of August 1967 in east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1880, Report: vi, 77 p.; 2 Plates: 31.00 x 24.29 inches and 40.00 x 24.14 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1880A.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 77 p.; 2 Plates: 31.00 x 24.29 inches and 40.00 x 24.14 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411246,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25104.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":25910,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1880a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25909,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1880a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25911,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1880a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1880a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","otherGeospatial":"White Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.976,\n              64.872\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.976,\n              64.777\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.5,\n              64.777\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.5,\n              64.872\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.976,\n              64.872\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e052d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childers, Joseph M.","contributorId":14379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childers","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meckel, James P.","contributorId":54174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meckel","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Gary S.","contributorId":36534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1382,"text":"wsp1532G - 1972 - Hydrology and effects of conservation structures, Willow Creek basin, Valley County, Montana, 1954-68","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp1532G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1532","chapter":"G","title":"Hydrology and effects of conservation structures, Willow Creek basin, Valley County, Montana, 1954-68","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1532G","usgsCitation":"Frickel, D.G., 1972, Hydrology and effects of conservation structures, Willow Creek basin, Valley County, Montana, 1954-68: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1532, iv, G1-G34 p. :illus. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1532G.","productDescription":"iv, G1-G34 p. :illus. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1532g/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26485,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1532g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60516a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frickel, Donald G.","contributorId":23524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frickel","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":939,"text":"wsp1973 - 1972 - Availability of water in Kalamazoo County, southwestern Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-26T13:54:14","indexId":"wsp1973","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1973","title":"Availability of water in Kalamazoo County, southwestern Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Kalamazoo County comprises an area of 572 square miles in the southwestern part of Michigan. It includes parts of the Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, and Paw Paw River basins, which drain into Lake Michigan. The northern two-thirds of the county is drained by the Kalamazoo River and its tributaries. A small area in the western piart of the county is drained by the Paw Paw River, and the rest, by tributaries of the St. Joseph River. Glacial deposits, containing sand and gravel, form an upper aquifer and a lower aquifer underlying large parts of the county. Areas of high transmissibility and thick saturated deposits are sufficiently localized to be considered as separate ground-water reservoirs having limited areal extent and definite hydrologic boundaries. </p><p>Ground-water runoff from the basins constitutes a large part of the streamflow. Hydrograph separation shows that ground-water runoff composed 65 and 73 percent of the discharge of Kalamazoo River at Comstock and 75 and 79 percent of the discharge of Portage River near Vicksburg in 1965 and 1966, respectively. Based on the hydrologic budgets for the same years, ground-water recharge was 9.1 and 9.0 inches in the Kalamazoo River basin and 12.2 and 11.6 inches in the St. Joseph River basin. </p><p>Ground-water recharge in the Kalamazoo River basin extrapolated for the 34-year period 1933-66 ranged from 4 to 13 inches and averaged 9 inches. In the St. Joseph River basin average recharge was about 9 inches for the same period. </p><p>There is a wide range in runoff in the county. Augusta Creek, Portage Creek near Kalamazoo, and Gourdneck Creek have the highest annual runoff and maintain high yields even during periods of deficient precipitation. Spring Brook also reflects large ground-water contributions to streamflow. Storage in these basins could provide additional water during low flows for municipal and industrial needs. </p><p>The primary use of lakes in the county is for recreational and esthetic purposes. Maintaining lake levels is therefore of the utmost importance. Levels at Crooked and Eagle Lakes have been maintained by pumping from lower aquifers. Diversion of water from Gourdneck Creek to West and Austin Lakes has helped in maintaining levels. Several relatively undeveloped lakes could be utilized as reservoirs whose storage could be used to augment streamflow or for water supply.</p><p>Water in streams is generally of good chemical quality; however, several streams, including the Kalamazoo River downstream from Kalamazoo, have been degraded by municipal and industrial waste disposal. Water in the lakes is generally of good chemical quality with the exception of Barton Lake, which has been degraded by waste disposal. </p><p>There is sufficient surface water available in Kalamazoo County to meet requirements for development of large quantities of water. The total available supply (average discharge of a stream) is about 680 mgd (million gallons per day). The dependable supply (7-day <i>Q</i><sub>2</sub>, or average 7-day low flow having a recurrence interval of 2 years) is about 303 mgd. By developing artificial recharge facilities, surface runoff during winter and spring could be utilized to recharge ground-water reservoirs. </p><p>Surface-water withdrawal in 1966 was about 58 mgd, of which 33 mgd was withdrawn from the Kalamazoo River. The quantity of water now being withdrawn from the ground and surface sources is small compared to the total that may be obtained in the area through full utilization of these resources. </p><p>Mathematical models were used to simulate hydrologic conditions in the ground-water reservoirs and to evaluate maximum drawdowns for periods of little or no recharge. The practical limits of development as determined for the ground-water reservoirs are estimated to be at the following average withdrawal rates: Kalamazoo, 39 .mgd; Schoolcraft, 17 mgd; Kalamazoo-Portage, 24 mgd; and several small reservoirs, 67 mgd. These total 147 mgd. Further development would require additional artificial recharge facilities. </p><p>Average ground-water withdrawal in 1966 was about 54 mgd. The Kalamazoo River ground-water reservoir furnished about 28 mgd, the Kalamazoo-Portage ground-water reservoir, about 21 mgd, and the other reservoirs, about 5 mgd. Thus, further development without artificial recharge is estimated to be about 11 mgd in the Kalamazoo River reservoir, 17 mgd in the Schoolcraft reservoir, 62 mgd in the several small reservoirs, and only 3 mgd in the Kalamazoo-Portage reservoir.</p><p>The ground water is generally of good chemical quality and is suitable for most uses; however, it is Usually very hard and may contain objectionable amounts of iron. Some deterioration of water quality- has .been observed in several areas because of seepage from stockpiles of industrial minerals. </p><p>The presence of many inland lakes, streams having high ground-water runoff, and, in places, relatively undeveloped ground-water reservoirs provides -flexibility in water management. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1973","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Kalamazoo County and the State of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Allen, W.B., Miller, J.B., and Wood, W., 1972, Availability of water in Kalamazoo County, southwestern Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1973, Document: vii, 129 p.; 9 Plates: 30.50 x 40.85 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1973.","productDescription":"Document: vii, 129 p.; 9 Plates: 30.50 x 40.85 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25416,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25417,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25418,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25419,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25420,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25421,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25422,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25423,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25424,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94694,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1973/report.pdf","size":"9491","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Kalamazoo County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.5421,42.4195],[-85.5328,42.4194],[-85.4172,42.4199],[-85.3091,42.4185],[-85.2979,42.4188],[-85.2969,42.3361],[-85.297,42.3298],[-85.2967,42.2721],[-85.296,42.2448],[-85.295,42.159],[-85.2928,42.0717],[-85.4102,42.0714],[-85.5301,42.0714],[-85.6427,42.0704],[-85.7638,42.0698],[-85.7654,42.157],[-85.7663,42.4196],[-85.5421,42.4195]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kalamazoo\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, William Burrows","contributorId":13596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Burrows","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, John B.","contributorId":37304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":142890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1786,"text":"wsp1999I - 1972 - Water for cranberry culture in the Cranmoor area of central Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-02T13:26:50","indexId":"wsp1999I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1999","chapter":"I","title":"Water for cranberry culture in the Cranmoor area of central Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>The Cranmoor area of central Wisconsin is the principal cranberry producing area of the State. Cranberries are grown in only about 2.5 square miles of an 80-square-mile marsh and swamp in the Cranberry Creek basin. Cranberry growers have built reservoirs and ditches throughout 25 square miles of marsh for better management of the area's natural water supply. Additional water is diverted into the basin to supplement the cranberry needs. In the 1966-67 hydrologic budget for Cranberry Creek basin, annual inputs were 27.8 inches of precipitation, 3.8 inches of surface-water diversion into the basin, and 1.1 inches decrease in stored water. Annual outputs were. 20.8 inches of evapotranspiration, 11.7 inches of runoff, and 0.2 inch of groundwater outflow. During the 1966-67 period, precipitation averaged about 3 inches per year below normal. The water used for cranberry culture is almost exclusively surface water. Efficient management of the basin's water supply, plus intermittent diversions of about 100 cubic feet per second from outside the basin, provide cranberry growers with a sufficient quantity of water. Although the quantity of surface water is adequate, the pH (generally 5.7-6.7) is slightly high for optimum use. Dissolved oxygen is slightly low, generally between 4 and 10 milligrams per liter. The water is soft; iron and manganese contents vary seasonally, being high in winter and summer and low in spring. Additional supplies of surface water can be obtained by increasing diversions from outside the basin and by increasing reservoir capacity within the basin. Ground water, although not presently used for cranberries, is available in the central, southern, and eastern parts of the basin, where the thickness of the saturated alluvium exceeds 50 feet. Well yields in these areas might be as much as 1,000 gpm (gallons per minute). Additionally, well yields of as much as 1,000 gpm may be expected from saturated alluvium southeast of Cranberry Creek basin. Where saturated alluvium is less than 50 feet thick, in the northern and western parts of the basin, well yields generally are less than 50 gpm. Ground water is also available from sandstone in the western part of the basin. Where the sandstone is thickest (about 60 ft.), well yields may be as much as 200 gpm. The quality of ground water is similar to that of surface water. The pH of water from the shallow alluvium ranges between 6.0 and 6,6; the pH of water from the deep alluvium is about 7.0. Ground water is soft to moderately hard, 22 to 88 milligrams per liter, and contains excessive amounts of iron and manganese.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the hydrology of the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1999I","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with University Extension-the University of Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, L.J., 1972, Water for cranberry culture in the Cranmoor area of central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1999, Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 34.50 x 24.00 inches and 17.00 x 27.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1999I.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 34.50 x 24.00 inches and 17.00 x 27.00 inches","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999i/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26922,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999i/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26923,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999i/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26921,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1999i/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Cranmoor","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.3131103515625,\n              44.50825885600572\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.450439453125,\n              44.308126684886126\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3570556640625,\n              44.05601169578525\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.164794921875,\n              44.07969327425713\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.02197265625,\n              44.24126379833979\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9615478515625,\n              44.296332880058706\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9176025390625,\n              44.37098696297173\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.945068359375,\n              44.46123053905882\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.0164794921875,\n              44.53175879707938\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.142822265625,\n              44.57873024377564\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3131103515625,\n              44.50825885600572\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d1e4b07f02db547e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Louis J.","contributorId":53768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48022,"text":"ofr7297 - 1972 - Ground-water outflow, San Timoteo-Smiley Heights area, upper Santa Ana Valley, southern California, 1927 through 1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T19:31:03.070135","indexId":"ofr7297","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-97","title":"Ground-water outflow, San Timoteo-Smiley Heights area, upper Santa Ana Valley, southern California, 1927 through 1968","docAbstract":"The San Timoteo-Smiley Heights area is in the upper Santa Ana Valley, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, Calif., where the Yucaipa and San Timoteo-Beaumont ground-water basins border Bunker .Hill basin on the south between the San Jacinto and San Andreas faults. The area is broken by numerous faults, the topography is rough, and in a large part of the area few wells had been drilled prior to 196S. \r\n\r\nThe alluvial deposits, which constitute the aquifers in the area, range in thickness from 0 where they lap onto exposed bedrock hills to about 1,000 feet. Beneath the southern part of the area near the San Jacinto fault the total thickness of alluvial and lacustrine deposits may be as much as 6,000 feet. \r\n\r\nThe purpose of this study was to estimate ground-water outflow by an indirect method not involving balancing of the hydrologic budget. For this purpose it was necessary to estimate the permeability of the aquifer materials, the average annual hydraulic gradient, and the cross-sectional area through which the flow occurs; these values were estimated for five segments along a line of section between the San Jacinto fault and Crafton Hills. \r\n\r\nTo provide data for the outflow estimates, several miles of reflection and refraction seismic traverses were made along and across the outflow section. Nineteen deep and shallow test holes were drilled; one of the deep test holes and several existing wells were pumped to obtain data on aquifer permeability.\r\n\r\nThe estimated average permeabilities of the aquifer materials range from 5 gallons per day per square foot for the lower part of the San Timoteo beds of Frick (1921) and 40 gallons per day per square foot for the older alluvium to 220 gallons per day per square foot for the upper part of the San Timoteo beds. \r\n\r\nThe estimated outflow in 1927 was 8,150 acre-feet. By 1967 the estimated total outflow was 5,350 acre-feet, a reduction of approximately 34 percent. During the 12-year period 1956 through 1967, however, the annual outflow decline has been considerably less than the average for the 41-year period 1927 through 1967, and the decline as of 1968 was probably about 30-35 acre-feet per year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7297","usgsCitation":"Dutcher, L., and Fenzel, F., 1972, Ground-water outflow, San Timoteo-Smiley Heights area, upper Santa Ana Valley, southern California, 1927 through 1968: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-97, Report: ii, 30 p.; 2 Plates: 35.22 × 22.43 inches and 33.72 × 22.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7297.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 30 p.; 2 Plates: 35.22 × 22.43 inches and 33.72 × 22.76 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110340,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52161.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52161"},{"id":84797,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0097/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84796,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0097/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84795,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0097/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0097/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Timoteo-Smiley Heights area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.2431,\n              33.9756\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.0681,\n              33.9756\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.0681,\n              34.0778\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.2431,\n              34.0778\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.2431,\n              33.9756\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66741d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dutcher, L.C.","contributorId":42191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutcher","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fenzel, F. W.","contributorId":94742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenzel","given":"F. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":48030,"text":"ofr72153 - 1972 - Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1969","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T16:21:59","indexId":"ofr72153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-153","title":"Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1969","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72153","usgsCitation":"Hampton, B., 1972, Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1969: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-153, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72153.","productDescription":"68 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bbc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, B.B.","contributorId":43362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48084,"text":"ofr72382 - 1972 - Hydrograph simulation models of the Hillsborough and Alafia Rivers, Florida: a preliminary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T07:19:12","indexId":"ofr72382","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-382","title":"Hydrograph simulation models of the Hillsborough and Alafia Rivers, Florida: a preliminary report","docAbstract":"<p>Mathematical (digital) models that simulate flood hydrographs from rainfall records have been developed for the following gaging stations in the Hillsborough and Alafia River basins of west-central Florida: Hillsborough River near Tampa, Alafia River at Lithia, and north Prong Alafia River near Keysville. These models, which were developed from historical streamflow and and rainfall records, are based on rainfall-runoff and unit-hydrograph procedures involving an arbitrary separation of the flood hydrograph. These models assume the flood hydrograph to be composed of only two flow components, direct (storm) runoff, and base flow. Expressions describing these two flow components are derived from streamflow and rainfall records and are combined analytically to form algorithms (models), which are programmed for processing on a digital computing system.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Most Hillsborough and Alafia River flood discharges can be simulated with expected relative errors less than or equal to 30 percent and flood peaks can be simulated with average relative errors less than 15 percent.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Because of the inadequate rainfall network that is used in obtaining input data for the North Prong Alafia River model, simulated peaks are frequently in error by more than 40 percent, particularly for storms having highly variable areal rainfall distribution.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Simulation errors are the result of rainfall sample errors and, to a lesser extent, model inadequacy. Data errors associated with the determination of mean basin precipitation are the result of the small number and poor areal distribution of rainfall stations available for use in the study. Model inadequacy, however, is attributed to the basic underlying theory, particularly the rainfall-runoff relation.</p>\n<br>\n<p>These models broaden and enhance existing water-management capabilities within these basins by allowing the establishment and implementation of programs providing for continued development in these areas. Specifically, the models serve not only as a basis for forecasting floods, but also for simulating hydrologic information needed in flood-plain mapping and delineating and evaluating alternative flood control and abatement plans.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tampa, FL","doi":"10.3133/ofr72382","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Turner, J.F., 1972, Hydrograph simulation models of the Hillsborough and Alafia Rivers, Florida: a preliminary report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-382, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72382.","productDescription":"107 p.","numberOfPages":"107","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287743,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0382/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Alafia River;Hillsborough River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.5,27.75 ], [ -82.5,28.5 ], [ -82.0,28.5 ], [ -82.0,27.75 ], [ -82.5,27.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db61475b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, James F. Jr.","contributorId":16275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2510,"text":"wsp2009B - 1972 - Hydrologic interpretations based on infrared imagery of Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:27","indexId":"wsp2009B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009","chapter":"B","title":"Hydrologic interpretations based on infrared imagery of Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"Six remote-sensing flights over Long Island's north and south shores were made during the period July 13, 1967, to February 25, 1970. Infrared imagery in the 8- to 14-micrometer range was obtained; results varied from poor to excellent in quality. \r\n\r\nThe ability of the RS 7 and Reconofax IV imagers to discern thermal contrasts of as little .as 1 ? to 2?C (Celsius) permitted identification of areas of heavy ground-water discharge. These areas were concentrated primarily along the eroded headlands of the north shore and in the lower reaches of watercourses draining into Great South Bay. Only a few highly localized examples of direct ground-water discharge into the embankments ,along Long Island's south shore were detected in the imagery. \r\n\r\nThermal loading emanating from a powerplant near Oceanside is shown to be quickly dissipated in Middle Bay. Specific examples show that infrared imagery may ,also be used to identify circulation patterns, ice cover, changes in stream-temperature regimen, and the location of sewer outfalls. Optimal time for the collection of infrared imagery for hydrologic studies on Long Island is in summer and in winter, when surface-water thermal differences are relatively large.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2009B","usgsCitation":"Pluhowski, E.J., 1972, Hydrologic interpretations based on infrared imagery of Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2009, iv B 1-B 20 p. :illus. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2009B.","productDescription":"iv B 1-B 20 p. :illus. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2009b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28663,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2009b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pluhowski, Edward J.","contributorId":87911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pluhowski","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":950,"text":"wsp1939C - 1972 - Electrical-analog analysis of the hydrologic system, Tucson basin, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:16","indexId":"wsp1939C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1939","chapter":"C","title":"Electrical-analog analysis of the hydrologic system, Tucson basin, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The water supply for the Tucson basin, Arizona, is derived entirely from ground water. The average annual pumpage for 1962-64 was about 165,000 acre-feet and was greater than the natural rate of ground-water recharge. Water-level declines of as much as 70 feet occurred from spring 1940 to spring 1965 as a result of the overdraft. \r\n\r\nAn electrical-analog model of the hydrologic system was constructed to provide a tool for determining the possible future effects of ground-water management schemes. Basic data required for the simulation of the hydrologic system in the model included periodic water-level measurements, determinations of transmissibility, and pumpage and recharge values. The model was analyzed using steady-state and storage-depletion techniques. The steady state analysis served to determine the average annual recharge to the hydrologic system and to verify the pattern of transmissibility. The steady-state analysis indicated that 97,000 acre-feet of water was entering and leaving the ground-water reservoir annually prior to extensive development. The storage-depletion analysis for 1940-64 was made to verify that the model was a valid analog of the hydrologic system and, therefore, could be used for the prediction of future water-level conditions. The storage-depletion analysis indicated areas where some of the basic-data values and (or) the conceptual design of the hydrologic system used in the model were in error. After all the hydrologic variables simulated in the model had been adjusted, the analog model reasonably simulated the historical field data. Based on the assumption that pumpage and recharge would continue at existing rates and locations, the model was then used to predict water-level conditions in spring 1985. The results of the projection indicate a maximum water-level decline of 140 feet for 1940-84. The predicted overall shapes of the cones of depression will remain about the same as in the historical period, except that a large amount of lateral development will take place in all the cones.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1939C","usgsCitation":"Anderson, T.W., 1972, Electrical-analog analysis of the hydrologic system, Tucson basin, southeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1939, 1 portfolio (iv, p. illus.) ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1939C.","productDescription":"1 portfolio (iv, p. illus.) ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110053,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25165.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25165"},{"id":138058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25455,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25456,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25457,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25458,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25459,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25460,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25461,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1939c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db606096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, T. W.","contributorId":105686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48060,"text":"ofr72266 - 1972 - Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Pin Oak Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T17:49:41.539308","indexId":"ofr72266","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-266","title":"Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Pin Oak Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1970","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72266","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Myers, D., and Hampton, B., 1972, Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Pin Oak Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1970: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-266, iii, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72266.","productDescription":"iii, 50 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389274,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0266/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0266/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Pin Oak Creek, Trinity River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.90765380859375,\n              31.344254455668054\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.12487792968749,\n              31.344254455668054\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.12487792968749,\n              31.891550612684366\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.90765380859375,\n              31.891550612684366\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.90765380859375,\n              31.344254455668054\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, D.R.","contributorId":104534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hampton, B.B.","contributorId":43362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":48070,"text":"ofr72317 - 1972 - Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for urban studies in the Bryan, Texas, metropolitan area, 1969","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:09:12","indexId":"ofr72317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-317","title":"Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for urban studies in the Bryan, Texas, metropolitan area, 1969","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic investigations of urban areas in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. These studies are now in progress in Austin, Houston, Dallas, Dallas County, Fort Worth, San Antonio, and Bryan. Hydrologic investigations of urban areas in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. These studies are now in progress in Austin, Houston, Dallas, Dallas County, Fort Worth, San Antonio, and Bryan. 1. To determine, on the basis of historical data and hydrologic analyses, the magnitude and frequency of floods. 2. To document and define the areal extent of floods of greater than ordinary magnitude. 3. To determine the effect of urban development on flood peaks and volume. 4. To provide applied research facilities for studies at Texas A &amp; M University at College Stations. This report, the first in a series of reports to be published annually, is primarily applicable to objectives 2, 3, and 4. The report presents the basic hydrologic data collected in two study areas during the 1969 water year (October 1, 1968, to September 30, 1969) and basic hydrologic data collected during part of the 1968 water year (April 5, 1968, to September 30, 1968). The locations of the two basins within the study area, Burton Creek and Hudson Creek, are shown on figure 1.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72317","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University","usgsCitation":"Robbins, W., 1972, Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for urban studies in the Bryan, Texas, metropolitan area, 1969: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-317, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72317.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1969-01-01","temporalEnd":"1969-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0317/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":285951,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0317/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Bryan","otherGeospatial":"Burton Creek, Hudson Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.5,30.5 ], [ -96.5,30.75 ], [ -95.25,30.75 ], [ -95.25,30.5 ], [ -96.5,30.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bb6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, W.D.","contributorId":72852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48088,"text":"ofr72420 - 1972 - Compilation of hydrologic data, Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:35:53","indexId":"ofr72420","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-420","title":"Compilation of hydrologic data, Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1968","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Soil Conservation Service is actively engaged in the installation of flood and soil erosion reducing measures in Texas under the authority of \"The Flood Control Act ot 1936 and 1944\" and ''Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act\" (Public Law 566), as amended. In June 1968, the Soil Conservation Service estimated approximately 3,500 structures to be physically and economically feasible for installation in Texas. As of September 30, 1968, 1,271 of these structures had been built. </p><p>This watershed-development program will have varying but important effects on the surface- and ground-water resources of river basins, especially where a large number of the floodwater-retarding structures are built. Basic hydrologic data are needed to appraise the effects of the structures on water yield and the mode of occurrence of runoff. </p><p>Hydrologic investigations of these small watersheds were begun by the Geological Survey in 1951 and are now being made in 11 areas (fig. 1). These studies are being made in cooperation with t he Texas Water Development Board, the Soil Conservation Service, the San Antonio River Authority, the city of Dallas, and the Tarrant County Water Control and Improvement District No. 1. The 11 study areas were choson to sample watersheds having different rainfall, topography, geology, and soils. In four of the study areas (Mukewater, North, Little Elm, and Pin Oak Creeks), streamflow and rainfall records were collected prior to construction of the floodwater-retarding structures, thus affording the opportunity for analyses to the conditions before and after\" development. Structures have now been built in three of these study areas. A summary of the development of the floodwater-retarding structures on each study area as of September 30, 1968, is shown in table 1. <u></u></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr72420","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Dallas and the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1972, Compilation of hydrologic data, Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1968: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-420, v, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr72420.","productDescription":"v, 83 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327730,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr72420.JPG"},{"id":287745,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1972/0420/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"38.83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Little Elm Creek, Trinity River basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.1612,32.745 ], [ -97.1612,33.6619 ], [ -96.1234,33.6619 ], [ -96.1234,32.745 ], [ -97.1612,32.745 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6a9e8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4038,"text":"cir667 - 1972 - West Virginia's Buffalo Creek flood: A study of the hydrology and engineering geology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T22:32:37.111219","indexId":"cir667","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"667","title":"West Virginia's Buffalo Creek flood: A study of the hydrology and engineering geology","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir667","usgsCitation":"Davies, W.E., Bailey, J.F., and Kelly, D.B., 1972, West Virginia's Buffalo Creek flood: A study of the hydrology and engineering geology: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 667, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir667.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393483,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24006.htm"},{"id":120932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1972/0667/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31130,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1972/0667/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.867,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6,\n              37.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.867,\n              37.833\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.867,\n              37.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, William E.","contributorId":74730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, James F.","contributorId":91834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Donovan B.","contributorId":56205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Donovan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5907,"text":"pp686A - 1972 - Comparison of evaporation computation methods, Pretty Lake, Lagrange County, northeastern Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-16T12:31:18","indexId":"pp686A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"686","chapter":"A","title":"Comparison of evaporation computation methods, Pretty Lake, Lagrange County, northeastern Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Evaporation from Pretty Lake has been computed for a 2%- year period between 1963 and 1965 by the use of an energy budget, mass-transfer parameters, a water budget, a class-A pan, and a computed pan evaporation technique. The seasonal totals for the different methods are within 8 percent of their mean and are within 11 percent of the rate of 79 centimeters (31 inches) per year determined from published maps that are based on evaporation-pan data. Period-by-period differences among the methods are larger than the annual differences, but there is a general agreement among the evaporation hydrographs produced by the different computation methods.</p>\n<p>The energy budget was an excellent means of computing unbiased evaporation data for periods of a month or longer from June through September. It is not reliable in the springtime, when Bowen ratios are large and when the large changes in stored energy may be hard to measure accurately owing to errors in the capacity table. The need for sophisticated equipment, frequent temperature surveys, and complex computations makes the energy budget the most expensive of the several methods used. Effective use was made of the Koberg method in estimating long-wave radiation when accurate instrument records were not available. Effects of sediment heating and cooling were computed to have influenced evaporation as much as 0.03 cm day\" 1 (centimeters per day) just after the autumnal overturn. The change is significant during the fall, when the evaporation for Pretty Lake is low, and would be more significant in a shallow lake, where the heat storage by the sediment would be large in proportion to the storage by the water.</p>\n<p>The corrected fall in stage computed by the water-budget method agreed well with the evaporation rates computed by other methods during the dryer seasons. Decreased rates of fall in stage during the wet seasons indicated net inflow seepage that was estimated to be equivalent to a stage change of more than 0.2 cm day\" 1 at some times.</p>\n<p>Evaporation data based upon class-A pan records and computed pan evaporation were too large early in the season and too small late in the season. The differences were caused by energy storage, which affected the lake evaporation as energy was stored in the spring and released late in the season. Energy-storage effects can be corrected, but the corrections require some of the same expensive data that were used in the energy budget. The mass-transfer system proved to be an effective low-cost means of computing evaporation, a means that is well suited to low evaporation rates.</p>\n<p>The mass-transfer coefficient was determined to be 0.00560 cm hr day- 1 mile\" 1 mb\" 1 (centimeter per day per millibar per mile/hour), the relative standard error of the energy-budget calibration being about 6 percent. Springtime and autumn evaporation rates computed by the mass-transfer method were slightly higher than rates computed by other methods, and summer rates from mass-transfer computations were slightly lower than rates computed by other methods. Anemometer stalling is believed to have caused unreliable mass-transfer evaporation data during two periods having very low wind velocities.</p>\n<p>Assuming that Pretty Lake is typical of the many small natural lakes in its region, it is concluded that in most cases the evaporation information needed for hydrologic studies can be provided with satisfactory accuracy by a combination of the mass-transfer method and one or two other methods, without the expense of a complex energy-budget study.</p>\n<p>The different methods, although poor, agree that evaporation when there is ice cover is generally small (less than 0.1 cm day\" 1 ), but the evaporation rates during the few days just before freezeup or just after ice breakup are significant</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp686A","usgsCitation":"Ficke, J.F., 1972, Comparison of evaporation computation methods, Pretty Lake, Lagrange County, northeastern Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 686, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp686A.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A49","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":117531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0686a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32790,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0686a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Lagrange","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.2913,41.7606],[-85.2212,41.7607],[-85.1978,41.7605],[-85.1964,41.7019],[-85.1956,41.6134],[-85.1947,41.5276],[-85.3089,41.5269],[-85.4242,41.527],[-85.5401,41.5256],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.5763,41.7603],[-85.2913,41.7606]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lagrange\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ficke, John F.","contributorId":86750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ficke","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":65,"text":"wsp1889 - 1972 - Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, southwestern Montana, with a section on chemical quality of water","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57741,"text":"ofr68344 - 1968 - Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, Montana","indexId":"ofr68344","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":65,"text":"wsp1889 - 1972 - Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, southwestern Montana, with a section on chemical quality of water","indexId":"wsp1889","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, southwestern Montana, with a section on chemical quality of water"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-16T22:02:07.313984","indexId":"wsp1889","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1889","title":"Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, southwestern Montana, with a section on chemical quality of water","docAbstract":"The Bitterroot Valley is a Late Cretaceous structural basin that was partly filled at its deepest point by more than 1,640 feet of Tertiary sediments. These sediments grade valleyward from coarse colluvial deposits along the edges of the valley to fine-grained deposits and then to coarse channel deposits of the ancestral Bitterroot River near the center of the valley. Beneath the flood plain and low terraces of the present Bitterroot River, about 40 feet of Quaternary alluvium overlies the Tertiary sediments. \n\nEach spring and summer, at rates greatly exceeding discharge, water infiltrates to the ground-water reservoir in the Tertiary and Quaternary rocks. During the fall and winter, water is released from storage. Net recharge in the spring of 1958 and 1959 was about 90,000 and 82,000 acre-feet, relatively. Net discharge during the rest of each year was about 90,000 and 76,000 acre-feet, respectively. \n\nSome surface water available for recharge during high runoff each rejected. During the 1958 and 1959 water years, total surface-water inflow about 1.7 million and 2.0 million acre-feet, respectively. Consumptive use during these water years was about 450,000 and' 400,000 acre-feet, respectively. Move pumping from the ground-water reservoir would provide additional storage space for peak runoff and would increase the potential consumptive use in the valley. \n\nAdditional wells, capable of yielding more than 250 gpm (gallons per minute), can be constructed on the flood plain of the Bitterroot River and on some of the adjacent low terraces, especially those east of the river. Near Corvallis, on a low terrace, wells capable of yielding 1,000 gpm or more can be constructed. Wells capable of yielding 50 to 250 gpm can be constructed on many of the alluvial fans of the tributary streams. In the remaining area, wells will generally yield only enough water for domestic and stock use. \n\nFrom the hydrologic standpoint, the best use of ground water for irrigation is conjunctive use with surface water. Surface water is adequate early in the season and can be distributed throughout the area. As shortages occur, ground water can be used in areas where it is available in sufficient quantity, allowing the surface water to be used in areas of shortage where ground water is not available.\n\nWater in the Bitterroot Valley is of satisfactory chemical quality for domestic, stock, municipal, and most industrial uses. Surface water is softer, as a rule, and contains less dissolved solids than the ground water. Streams heading in the Sapphire Mountains are more mineralized than those heading in the Bitterroot Mountains. Bitterroot River water in October 1955 was about twice as mineralized at Florence, near the outlet of the valley, as it was at Darby, near the inlet, but the difference is not significant in relation to .the usefulness of the water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1889","usgsCitation":"McMurtrey, R.G., Konizeski, R.L., Johnson, M.V., Bartells, J.H., and Swenson, H.A., 1972, Geology and water resources of the Bitterroot Valley, southwestern Montana, with a section on chemical quality of water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1889, Report: vi, 80 p.; 1 Plate: 23.00 x 29.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1889.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 80 p.; 1 Plate: 23.00 x 29.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":24695,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1889/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":24694,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1889/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137251,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1889/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":110029,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25107.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25107"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Bitterroot Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.25,\n              46.662\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.25,\n              45.966\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.892,\n              45.966\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.892,\n              46.662\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.25,\n              46.662\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ea5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMurtrey, R. G.","contributorId":36913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMurtrey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konizeski, Richard L.","contributorId":80248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konizeski","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":892473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, M. V.","contributorId":95476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":892474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartells, John H.","contributorId":54240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartells","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":892475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swenson, H. A.","contributorId":58618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":7225,"text":"ofr7255 - 1972 - Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Mountain Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1972","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T15:17:19","indexId":"ofr7255","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72-55","title":"Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Mountain Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1972","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr7255","usgsCitation":"Buckner, H., 1972, Annual compilation and analysis of hydrologic data for Mountain Creek, Trinity River basin, Texas, 1972: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 72-55, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7255.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bbd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buckner, H.D.","contributorId":49783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":68278,"text":"ha457 - 1972 - Floods in the Aguadilla-Aguada area, northwestern Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T22:15:25.442037","indexId":"ha457","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"457","title":"Floods in the Aguadilla-Aguada area, northwestern Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha457","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.G., 1972, Floods in the Aguadilla-Aguada area, northwestern Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 457, 1 Plate: 39.00 x 29.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha457.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.00 x 29.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":89688,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/457/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":185558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":413797,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15843.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"20000","country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Aguadilla-Aguada area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.225,\n              18.361\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.225,\n              18.458\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.104,\n              18.458\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.104,\n              18.361\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.225,\n              18.361\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b11a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carl G.","contributorId":98724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":68312,"text":"ha377 - 1972 - Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55906,"text":"ofr69127 - 1969 - Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas","indexId":"ofr69127","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68312,"text":"ha377 - 1972 - Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas","indexId":"ha377","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-23T12:57:37","indexId":"ha377","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"377","title":"Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>Water is available in Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties from ground-water and surface-water sources. However, ground water is more accessible in many places than surface water. Ground water is available from the alluvium, which covers all the area except Crowleys Ridge, and is also available from other formations below the alluvium.</p><p>Surface water is available from the Black and Cache Rivers west of Crowleys Ridge, and from the St/ Francis and Little Rivers, and from many ditches and laterals east of the ridge. Continuous water supplies are not available from streams on Crowleys Ridge, but additional surface-water supplies could be made available from reservoirs storage on the ridge. Average annual streamflow ranges from 1.2 cfs per sq mi (Cubic feet per second per square mile) in the western part of the four counties to 1.4 cfs per sq mi in the eastern part. Average annual precipitation is about 48 inches.</p><p>Use of water in the area for agriculture greatly exceeds all other used combined, and progressively greater amounts of water are being used for irrigation. In 1965, 111.4 mgd (million gallons per day) was used for irrigation of other crops. An additional 16.9 mgd was used by industry, municipalities, and others. Of these amounts, 180.1 mgd was ground water and 19.7 mgd was surface water, or a total of 199.8 mgd. More than 80 manufacturing firms, many of which are closely allied to agriculture, use moderate amounts of water, mostly from municipal supplies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha377","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Geological Commission","usgsCitation":"Hines, M.S., Plebuch, R.O., and Lamonds, A.G., 1972, Water resources of Clay, Greene, Craighead, and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 377, 2 Plates: 44.00 x 38.50 inches and 45.00 x 38.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha377.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 44.00 x 38.50 inches and 45.00 x 38.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":366867,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/377/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":185693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/377/plate-1-thumb.jpg"},{"id":89760,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/377/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","county":"Clay County, Craighead County, Greene County, Poinsett County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91,35.5 ], [ -91,36.5 ], [ -90.5,36.5 ], [ -90.5,35.5 ], [ -91,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f08aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hines, Marion S.","contributorId":29388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Marion","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plebuch, Raymond O.","contributorId":15177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plebuch","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamonds, A. G.","contributorId":8450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamonds","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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