The Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) collected imagery of the Earth's surface from 1982 to 1993. Although largely overshadowed by Landsat 5 which was launched in 1984, Landsat 4 TM imagery extends the TM-based record of the Earth back to 1982 and also substantially supplements the image archive collected by Landsat 5. To provide a consistent calibration record for the TM instruments, Landsat 4 TM was cross-calibrated to Landsat 5 using nearly simultaneous overpass imagery of pseudo-invariant calibration sites (PICS) in the time period of 1988-1990. To determine if the radiometric gain of Landsat 4 had changed over its lifetime, time series from two PICS locations (a Saharan site known as Libya 4 and a site in southwest North America, commonly referred to as the Sonoran Desert site) were developed. The results indicated that Landsat 4 had been very stable over its lifetime, with no discernible degradation in sensor performance in all reflective bands except band 1. In contrast, band 1 exhibited a 12% decay in responsivity over the lifetime of the instrument. Results from this paper have been implemented at USGS EROS, which enables users of Landsat TM data sets to obtain consistently calibrated data from Landsat 4 and 5 TM as well as Landsat 7 ETM+ instruments.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2011.2171350","usgsCitation":"Helder, D.L., Malla, R., Mettler, C.J., Markham, B.L., and Micijevic, E., 2012, Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper calibration update: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 50, no. 6, p. 2400-2408, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2011.2171350.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2400","endPage":"2408","temporalStart":"1982-01-01","temporalEnd":"1993-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-030741","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50df6c31e4b0dfbe79e6c3c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, Dennis L.","contributorId":105613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malla, Rimy","contributorId":34008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malla","given":"Rimy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mettler, Cory J.","contributorId":45980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mettler","given":"Cory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markham, Brian L.","contributorId":90482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Markham","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12721,"text":"NASA GSFC SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Micijevic, Esad 0000-0002-3828-9239 emicijevic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-9239","contributorId":3075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micijevic","given":"Esad","email":"emicijevic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042219,"text":"sir20125283 - 2012 - Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T14:06:05","indexId":"sir20125283","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5283","title":"Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"During June 19–20, 2012, heavy rainfall, as much as 10 inches locally reported, caused severe flooding across northeastern Minnesota. The floods were exacerbated by wet antecedent conditions from a relatively rainy spring, with May 2012 as one of the wettest Mays on record in Duluth. The June 19–20, 2012, rainfall event set new records in Duluth, including greatest 2-day precipitation with 7.25 inches of rain. The heavy rains fell on three major watersheds: the Mississippi Headwaters; the St. Croix, which drains to the Mississippi River; and Western Lake Superior, which includes the St. Louis River and other tributaries to Lake Superior. Widespread flash and river flooding that resulted from the heavy rainfall caused evacuations of residents, and damages to residences, businesses, and infrastructure. In all, nine counties in northeastern Minnesota were declared Federal disaster areas as a result of the flooding. Peak-of-record streamflows were recorded at 13 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages as a result of the heavy rainfall. Flood-peak gage heights, peak streamflows, and annual exceedance probabilities were tabulated for 35 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages. Flood-peak streamflows in June 2012 had annual exceedance probabilities estimated to be less than 0.002 (0.2 percent; recurrence interval greater than 500 years) for five streamgages, and between 0.002 and 0.01 (1 percent; recurrence interval greater than 100 years) for four streamgages. High-water marks were identified and tabulated for the most severely affected communities of Barnum (Moose Horn River), Carlton (Otter Creek), Duluth Heights neighborhood of Duluth (Miller Creek), Fond du Lac neighborhood of Duluth (St. Louis River), Moose Lake (Moose Horn River and Moosehead Lake), and Thomson (Thomson Reservoir outflow near the St. Louis River). Flood-peak inundation maps and water-surface profiles were produced for these six severely affected communities. The inundation maps were constructed in a geographic information system by combining high-water-mark data with high-resolution digital elevation model data. The flood maps and profiles show the extent and depth of flooding through the communities and can be used for flood response and recovery efforts by local, county, State, and Federal agencies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125283","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The Downloads Directory contains the 6 figures from Appendix 2. For more information, see the \"View companion files\" link above.","usgsCitation":"Czuba, C.R., Fallon, J.D., and Kessler, E.W., 2012, Floods of June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5283, Report: vi, 42 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125283.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 42 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-06-19","temporalEnd":"2012-06-20","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5283.gif"},{"id":264893,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/downloads/"},{"id":264891,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/"},{"id":264892,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5283/sir2012-5283.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 15","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Aitkin;Carlton;Cass;Cook;Crow Wing;Itasca;Lake;Pine;St. Louis","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0,45.5 ], [ -95.0,48.75 ], [ -89.0,48.75 ], [ -89.0,45.5 ], [ -95.0,45.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cffde4b0a4aa5bb0aef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":471015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fallon, James D. jfallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"James","email":"jfallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":471014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kessler, Erich W. 0000-0002-0869-4743 ekessler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0869-4743","contributorId":2871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"Erich","email":"ekessler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042073,"text":"70042073 - 2012 - Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:35:43","indexId":"70042073","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development","docAbstract":"Spatially detailed mass-loading studies and solute-transport modeling using OTIS (One-dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage) demonstrate how natural attenuation and loading from distinct and diffuse sources control stream water quality and affect load reductions predicted in total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). Mass-loading data collected during low-flow from Cement Creek (a low-pH, metal-rich stream because of natural and mining sources, and subject to TMDL requirements) were used to calibrate OTIS and showed spatially variable effects of natural attenuation (instream reactions) and loading from diffuse (groundwater) and distinct sources. OTIS simulations of the possible effects of TMDL-recommended remediation of mine sites showed less improvement to dissolved zinc load and concentration (14% decrease) than did the TMDL (53-63% decrease). The TMDL (1) assumed conservative transport, (2) accounted for loads removed by remediation by subtracting them from total load at the stream mouth, and (3) did not include diffuse-source loads. In OTIS, loads were reduced near their source; the resulting concentration was decreased by natural attenuation and increased by diffuse-source loads during downstream transport. Thus, by not including natural attenuation and loading from diffuse sources, the TMDL overestimated remediation effects at low flow. Use of the techniques presented herein could improve TMDLs by incorporating these processes during TMDL development.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00662.x","usgsCitation":"Walton-Day, K., Runkel, R.L., and Kimball, B.A., 2012, Using spatially detailed water-quality data and solute-transport modeling to improve support total maximum daily load development: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 48, no. 5, p. 949-969, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00662.x.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"949","endPage":"969","ipdsId":"IP-027724","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5650ce4b0a4aa5bb04b66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":68339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042153,"text":"sir20125264 - 2012 - Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-27T15:47:41","indexId":"sir20125264","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5264","title":"Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi","docAbstract":"Anahola Stream is a perennial stream in northeast Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi, that supports agricultural, domestic, and cultural uses within its drainage basin. Beginning in the late 19th century, Anahola streamflow was diverted by Makee Sugar Company at altitudes of 840 feet (upper intake) and 280 feet (lower intake) for irrigating sugarcane in the Keālia area. When sugarcane cultivation in the Keālia area ceased in 1988, part of the Makee Sugar Company’s surface-water collection system (Makee diversion system) in the Anahola drainage basin was abandoned. In an effort to better manage available surface-water resources, the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Hawaiian Home Lands is considering using the existing ditches in the Anahola Stream drainage basin to provide irrigation water for Native Hawaiian farmers in the area. To provide information needed for successful management of the surface-water resources, the U.S. Geological Survey investigated the availability and distribution of natural low flow in Anahola Stream and also collected low-flow data in Goldfish Stream, a stream that discharges into Kaneha Reservoir, which served as a major collection point for the Makee diversion system. Biological surveys of Anahola Stream were conducted as part of a study to determine the distribution of native and nonnative aquatic stream fauna. Results of the biological surveys indicated the presence of the following native aquatic species in Anahola Stream: ʻoʻopu ʻakupa (Sandwich Island sleeper) and ʻoʻopu naniha (Tear-drop goby) in the lower stream reaches surveyed; and ʻoʻopu nākea (Pacific river goby), ʻoʻopu nōpili (Stimpson’s goby), and ʻōpae kalaʻole (Mountain shrimp) in the middle and upper stream reaches surveyed. Nonnative aquatic species were found in all of the surveyed stream reaches along Anahola Stream. The availability and distribution of natural low flow were determined using a combination of discharge measurements made from February 2011 to May 2012 at low-flow partial-record and seepage-run stations established at locations of interest along study-area streams. Upstream of the upper intake, the estimated natural (undiverted) median flow in Anahola Stream is 2.7 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 0.97 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. About 0.7 mile upstream of the lower intake and downstream from the confluence with Keaʻoʻopu Stream, the estimated natural (undiverted) median flow in Anahola Stream is 6.3 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 2.7 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. In Goldfish Stream, about 0.4 mile upstream from the point of discharge into Kaneha Reservoir, the estimated natural median flow is 0.54 million gallons per day, and the flow is expected to be greater than or equal to 0.23 million gallons per day 95 percent of the time. The discharge estimates are representative of low-flow conditions in the study-area streams, and they are applicable to the base period (water years 1961–2011) over which they have been computed. The distribution of natural low flow in Anahola Stream was characterized through data collected during wet- and dry-season seepage runs. Seepage-run results show that Anahola Stream was generally a gaining stream under natural low-flow conditions. During the wet-season seepage run, Anahola Stream at the station located upstream of tributary Kaʻalula Stream had more than five times the flow that was measured upstream from the upper intake. The estimated total gain (including tributary inflow) in the 6.1-mile seepage-run reach was 6.97 million gallons per day; about 42 percent of that gain was groundwater discharge to the main channel of Anahola Stream. During the dry-season seepage run, about 34 percent of the estimated total gain of 3.93 million gallons per day in the same seepage-run reach was groundwater discharge to the main channel of Anahola Stream. A 15-percent seepage loss was estimated in a 0.3-mile reach downstream from the confluence of Anahola and Keaʻoʻopu Streams. The report summarizes scenarios that describe (1) surface-water availability under regulated conditions of Anahola Stream if the upper and lower intakes are restored in the future; and (2) amount of flow available for agricultural use at the upper intake under a variety of potential instream-flow standards that may be established by the State of Hawaiʻi for the protection of instream uses.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125264","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Hawaiian Home Lands","usgsCitation":"Cheng, C.L., and Wolff, R.H., 2012, Availability and distribution of low flow in Anahola Stream, Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5264, vi, 32 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125264.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5264.jpg"},{"id":264842,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5264/"},{"id":264843,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5264/pdf/sir20125264.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kauai;Anahola Stream","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.411332,22.135045 ], [ -159.411332,22.15004 ], [ -159.313228,22.15004 ], [ -159.313228,22.135045 ], [ -159.411332,22.135045 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfe4e4b0a4aa5bb0ae88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Chui Ling 0000-0003-2396-2571 ccheng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2396-2571","contributorId":3926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Chui","email":"ccheng@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ling","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolff, Reuben H.","contributorId":35020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"Reuben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041940,"text":"70041940 - 2012 - Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T15:39:50","indexId":"70041940","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California","docAbstract":"A paleoseismic investigation across the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon indicates that four surface‐rupturing earthquakes have occurred there during the past ~500 years. At this site, right‐lateral fault slip has moved a low shutter ridge across the mouth of the canyon, ponding latest Holocene sediments. These alluvial deposits are deformed along a narrow zone of faulting. There is excellent evidence for a 1906 (M 7.8) and three earlier earthquakes consisting of well‐developed fissures, scarps, and colluvial wedges. Deformation resulting from the earlier earthquakes is comparable to that from 1906, suggesting they also were large‐magnitude events. The earthquake prior to 1906 occurred either about A.D. 1750 (1711–1770) or A.D. 1855 (1789–1904), depending on assumptions incorporated into two alternative OxCal models. If the later age range is correct, then the earthquake may have been a historical early‐to‐mid‐nineteenth‐century earthquake, possibly the A.D. 1838 earthquake. Both models are viable, and there is no way to select one over the other with the available data. Two earlier earthquakes occurred about A.D. 1690 (1660–1720) and A.D. 1522 (1454–1605). Using OxCal, recalculation of the age of the reported penultimate earthquake reported from the Grizzly Flat site, located about 10 km northwest of Mill Canyon, indicates it occurred about A.D. 1105–1545, earlier than any of the past three earthquakes, and possibly correlates to the fourth earthquake at Mill Canyon.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110161","usgsCitation":"Fumal, T.E., 2012, Timing of large earthquakes during the past 500 years along the Santa Cruz Mountains segment of the San Andreas fault at Mill Canyon, near Watsonville, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 3, p. 1099-1119, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110161.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1119","ipdsId":"IP-026483","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264800,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110161"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Watsonville","otherGeospatial":"Mill Canyon;San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.69,36.94 ], [ -121.69,36.96 ], [ -121.67,36.96 ], [ -121.67,36.94 ], [ -121.69,36.94 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"102","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e55067e4b0a4aa5bb0195e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fumal, Thomas E.","contributorId":67882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042060,"text":"70042060 - 2012 - A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T12:40:33","indexId":"70042060","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2488,"text":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa","docAbstract":"Rainfall and temperature are two of the major factors triggering malaria epidemics in warm semi-arid (desert-fringe) and high altitude (highland-fringe) epidemic risk areas. The ability of the mosquitoes to transmit Plasmodium spp. is dependent upon a series of biological features generally referred to as vectorial capacity. In this study, the vectorial capacity model (VCAP) was expanded to include the influence of rainfall and temperature variables on malaria transmission potential. Data from two remote sensing products were used to monitor rainfall and temperature and were integrated into the VCAP model. The expanded model was tested in Eritrea and Madagascar to check the viability of the approach. The analysis of VCAP in relation to rainfall, temperature and malaria incidence data in these regions shows that the expanded VCAP correctly tracks the risk of malaria both in regions where rainfall is the limiting factor and in regions where temperature is the limiting factor. The VCAP maps are currently offered as an experimental resource for testing within Malaria Early Warning applications in epidemic prone regions of sub-Saharan Africa. User feedback is currently being collected in preparation for further evaluation and refinement of the VCAP model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","publisherLocation":"Cairo, Egypt","doi":"10.1155/2012/595948","usgsCitation":"Ceccato, P., Vancutsem, C., Klaver, R., Rowland, J., and Connor, S.J., 2012, A vectorial capacity product to monitor changing malaria transmission potential in epidemic regions of Africa: Journal of Tropical Medicine, v. 2012, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948.","productDescription":"Article ID 595948: 6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-033377","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264763,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/595948"},{"id":264764,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jtm/2012/595948.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -26.6,37.5 ], [ -26.6,38.0 ], [ 60.6,38.0 ], [ 60.6,37.5 ], [ -26.6,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfd9e4b0a4aa5bb0ae58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ceccato, Pietro","contributorId":64126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ceccato","given":"Pietro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vancutsem, Christelle","contributorId":71085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vancutsem","given":"Christelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert 0000-0002-3263-9701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":66148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rowland, James 0000-0003-4837-3511 rowland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-3511","contributorId":3108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"James","email":"rowland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connor, Stephen J.","contributorId":104370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042089,"text":"70042089 - 2012 - Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T17:04:40","indexId":"70042089","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses","docAbstract":"Much is known about invertebrate community traits in basins across Europe, but no comprehensive description of traits exists for the continental US. Little is known about the trait composition of invertebrates in reference or least-disturbed basins of the US, how trait composition varies among ecoregions, or how consistently traits respond to land use. These elements are essential to development of trait-based tools for conservation and assessment of biological integrity. We compared invertebrate traits of least-disturbed basins among ecoregions of the US. Benthic invertebrate data (presence/absence) from 1987 basins were translated into 56 binary traits (e.g., bivoltine, clinger). Basins were classified as least-disturbed, agricultural, or urban, and grouped into 9 ecoregions. Landuse, climatic, physiographic, and hydrologic data were used to describe ecoregions and to evaluate least-disturbed basin quality. The unique habitat template of each ecoregion selected for trait compositions in least-disturbed basins that differed among ecoregions. Among the traits examined, life-history (e.g., voltinism, development) and ecological traits (e.g., rheophily, thermal preference) differed most among ecoregions. Agricultural and urban land uses selected for trait compositions that differed from least-disturbed, but the extent of the differences depended on ecoregion and quality of the least-disturbed basins. No trait compositions unique to specific land uses were found. However, a disturbance syndrome was observed in that the magnitude and direction of trait responses to urban and agricultural land uses were consistent among ecoregions. Each ecoregion had a unique trait composition, but trait compositions could be used to aggregate ecoregions into 3 broad regions: Western Mountains, Plains and Lowlands, and Eastern Highlands. Our results indicate that large-scale trait-based assessment tools for the US will require calibration to account for regional differences in the trait composition of basins and in the quality of least-disturbed basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Freshwater Science","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.1899/11-150.1","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., and Schmidt, T., 2012, Characterizing invertebrate traits in wadeable streams of the contiguous US: differences among ecoregions and land uses: Freshwater Science, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1042-1056, https://doi.org/10.1899/11-150.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1042","endPage":"1056","ipdsId":"IP-029576","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1899/11-150.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264772,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-150.1"},{"id":264773,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1899/11-150.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfe7e4b0a4aa5bb0ae9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042121,"text":"ds738 - 2012 - Surface-water quality in the upper San Antonio River Basin, Bexar County, Texas, 1992-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T14:28:24","indexId":"ds738","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"738","title":"Surface-water quality in the upper San Antonio River Basin, Bexar County, Texas, 1992-98","docAbstract":"The potential effects of chemicals in rivers and streams on human health or the ecology have long been a source of concern to water managers. Chemicals in rivers may result from natural or anthropogenic sources (such as industrial or residential practices) which are commonly associated with urbanized watersheds. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, examined water-quality data collected from periodic and stormflow sampling events at five sites in the upper San Antonio River Basin during 1992–98. These water-quality data were compared among sites as well as between periodic and stormflow events. The samples were collected from five continuous streamflow-gaging stations in Bexar County, Texas. Samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, trace elements, and organic compounds, including selected pesticides.
\nThe reported concentrations for the measured constituents varied among sites as well as between periodic and stormflow samples. Patterns for some constituents, such as nutrients, were observed; however, consistent patterns were not always observed for all analytes. For example, median concentrations for filtered ammonia, nitrate plus nitrite, organic nitrogen, and phosphorus generally were greater in periodic samples collected from the Medina and SAR Elmendorf sites as compared to samples collected from the other sites. Median concentrations of trace elements measured in periodic samples were generally less than concentrations measured in stormflow samples. In general, most of the concentrations of analyzed organic compounds were less than the laboratory reporting levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds738","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., Slattery, R.N., and Crow, C.L., 2012, Surface-water quality in the upper San Antonio River Basin, Bexar County, Texas, 1992-98: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 738, Document: iv, 60 p.; Appendixes 1-3, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds738.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 60 p.; Appendixes 1-3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_738.png"},{"id":264748,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/738/downloads/ds738_app2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2"},{"id":264749,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/738/downloads/ds738_app3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3"},{"id":264747,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/738/downloads/ds738_app1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1"},{"id":264745,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/738/pdf/ds738.pdf"},{"id":264746,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/738/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar County","otherGeospatial":"San Antonio River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.8056,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.1104 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4eb3de4b0e8fec6ce631f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crow, Cassi L. 0000-0002-1279-2485 ccrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-2485","contributorId":1666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Cassi","email":"ccrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042056,"text":"70042056 - 2012 - Establishing water body areal extent trends in interior Alaska from multi-temporal Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-23T22:41:06","indexId":"70042056","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3251,"text":"Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing water body areal extent trends in interior Alaska from multi-temporal Landsat data","docAbstract":"An accurate approach is needed for monitoring, quantifying and understanding surface water variability due to climate change. Separating inter- and intra-annual variances from longer-term shifts in surface water extents due to contemporary climate warming requires repeat measurements spanning a several-decade period. Here, we show that trends developed from multi-date measurements of the extents of more than 15,000 water bodies in central Alaska using Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data (1979–2009) were highly influenced by the quantity and timing of the data. Over the 30-year period from 1979 to 2009, the study area had a net decrease (p < 0.05) in the extents of 3.4% of water bodies whereas 86% of water bodies exhibited no significant change. The Landsat-derived dataset provides an opportunity for additional research assessing the drivers of lake and wetland change in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2011.643507","usgsCitation":"Rover, J.R., Ji, L., Wylie, B.K., and Tieszen, L.L., 2012, Establishing water body areal extent trends in interior Alaska from multi-temporal Landsat data: Remote Sensing Letters, v. 3, no. 7, p. 595-604, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.643507.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"595","endPage":"604","ipdsId":"IP-030841","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264708,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.643507"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50db7523e4b061270600ba7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":2832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70041997,"text":"70041997 - 2012 - Mercury dynamics in a San Francisco estuary tidal wetland: assessing dynamics using in situ measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-23T22:06:29","indexId":"70041997","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury dynamics in a San Francisco estuary tidal wetland: assessing dynamics using in situ measurements","docAbstract":"We used high-resolution in situ measurements of turbidity and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) to quantitatively estimate the tidally driven exchange of mercury (Hg) between the waters of the San Francisco estuary and Browns Island, a tidal wetland. Turbidity and FDOM—representative of particle-associated and filter-passing Hg, respectively—together predicted 94 % of the observed variability in measured total mercury concentration in unfiltered water samples (UTHg) collected during a single tidal cycle in spring, fall, and winter, 2005–2006. Continuous in situ turbidity and FDOM data spanning at least a full spring-neap period were used to generate UTHg concentration time series using this relationship, and then combined with water discharge measurements to calculate Hg fluxes in each season. Wetlands are generally considered to be sinks for sediment and associated mercury. However, during the three periods of monitoring, Browns Island wetland did not appreciably accumulate Hg. Instead, gradual tidally driven export of UTHg from the wetland offset the large episodic on-island fluxes associated with high wind events. Exports were highest during large spring tides, when ebbing waters relatively enriched in FDOM, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and filter-passing mercury drained from the marsh into the open waters of the estuary. On-island flux of UTHg, which was largely particle-associated, was highest during strong winds coincident with flood tides. Our results demonstrate that processes driving UTHg fluxes in tidal wetlands encompass both the dissolved and particulate phases and multiple timescales, necessitating longer term monitoring to adequately quantify fluxes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s12237-012-9501-3","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Fleck, J., Downing, B.D., Boss, E., Pellerin, B., Ganju, N., Schoellhamer, D., Byington, A.A., Heim, W.A., Stephenson, M., and Fujii, R., 2012, Mercury dynamics in a San Francisco estuary tidal wetland: assessing dynamics using in situ measurements: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 35, no. 4, p. 1036-1048, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9501-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1036","endPage":"1048","ipdsId":"IP-031681","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water 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}","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e02c57e4b0fec3206ea99f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob A. 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":1498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob A.","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boss, Emmanuel","contributorId":10143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boss","given":"Emmanuel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A.","contributorId":58385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":93543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Byington, Amy A.","contributorId":107998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byington","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Heim, Wesley A.","contributorId":103548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heim","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stephenson, Mark","contributorId":56951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fujii, Roger rfujii@usgs.gov","contributorId":553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"Roger","email":"rfujii@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70042120,"text":"tm4F4 - 2012 - Advanced methods for modeling water-levels and estimating drawdowns with SeriesSEE, an Excel add-in","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T19:05:49.744279","indexId":"tm4F4","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-F4","title":"Advanced methods for modeling water-levels and estimating drawdowns with SeriesSEE, an Excel add-in","docAbstract":"Water-level modeling is used for multiple-well aquifer tests to reliably differentiate pumping responses from natural water-level changes in wells, or “environmental fluctuations.” Synthetic water levels are created during water-level modeling and represent the summation of multiple component fluctuations, including those caused by environmental forcing and pumping. Pumping signals are modeled by transforming step-wise pumping records into water-level changes by using superimposed Theis functions. Water-levels can be modeled robustly with this Theis-transform approach because environmental fluctuations and pumping signals are simulated simultaneously. Water-level modeling with Theis transforms has been implemented in the program SeriesSEE, which is a Microsoft® Excel add-in. Moving average, Theis, pneumatic-lag, and gamma functions transform time series of measured values into water-level model components in SeriesSEE. Earth tides and step transforms are additional computed water-level model components. Water-level models are calibrated by minimizing a sum-of-squares objective function where singular value decomposition and Tikhonov regularization stabilize results. Drawdown estimates from a water-level model are the summation of all Theis transforms minus residual differences between synthetic and measured water levels. The accuracy of drawdown estimates is limited primarily by noise in the data sets, not the Theis-transform approach. Drawdowns much smaller than environmental fluctuations have been detected across major fault structures, at distances of more than 1 mile from the pumping well, and with limited pre-pumping and recovery data at sites across the United States. In addition to water-level modeling, utilities exist in SeriesSEE for viewing, cleaning, manipulating, and analyzing time-series data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section F: Groundwater in Book 4:Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm4F4","collaboration":"U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Environmental Restoration Program, Underground Test Area Project","usgsCitation":"Halford, K., Garcia, C.A., Fenelon, J., and Mirus, B., 2012, Advanced methods for modeling water-levels and estimating drawdowns with SeriesSEE, an Excel add-In, (ver. 1.1, July, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4–F4, 28 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/tm4F4.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Report Package; 5 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399696,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_98010.htm"},{"id":264743,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/AppendixE_PahuteMesaExample.zip","text":"Appendix E Pahute Mesa Example","size":"18.7","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":264742,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/AppendixD_HypotheticalAquifer.zip","text":"Appendix D Hypothetical Aquifer","size":"15.1","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":264741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/AppendixC_Verification.zip","text":"Appendix C Verification","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":325395,"rank":10,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/versionHist.txt"},{"id":264736,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/"},{"id":264737,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/tm4-F4.pdf","text":"Report PDF","size":"3.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":264738,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/Release.v1.20_T+M_SeriesSEE_Appendixes.zip","text":"Complete Report Package","size":"83.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":264740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/AppendixB_Codes-SeriesSEE.v1.20.zip","text":"Appendix B Codes-Series SEE.v1.20","size":"8.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":264739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/pdf/AppendixA_SeriesSEE.v.1.20.zip","text":"Appendix A Series SEE.v.1.20","size":"30.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":264744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4-F4/images/coverthb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted December 2012; Version 1.1: July 2016","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 4 of Section F: Groundwater in Book 4:Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation.","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
USGS Techniques and Methods 4-F4: Advanced Methods for Modeling Water-Levels and Estimating Drawdowns with SeriesSEE, an Excel Add-In
\n","publishedDate":"2012-12-21","revisedDate":"2016-07-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfdee4b0a4aa5bb0ae68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halford, Keith 0000-0002-7322-1846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":74845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenelon, Joe","contributorId":70266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B.","contributorId":12348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042113,"text":"ds740 - 2012 - Quality of surface-water runoff in selected streams in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, Bexar County, Texas, 1997-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T14:30:25","indexId":"ds740","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"740","title":"Quality of surface-water runoff in selected streams in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, Bexar County, Texas, 1997-2012","docAbstract":"
During 1997–2012, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, collected and analyzed water-quality constituents in surface-water runoff from five ephemeral stream sites near San Antonio in northern Bexar County, Texas. The data were collected to assess the quality of surface water that recharges the Edwards aquifer. Samples were collected from four stream basins that had small amounts of developed land at the onset of the study but were predicted to undergo substantial development over a period of several decades. Water-quality samples also were collected from a fifth stream basin located on land protected from development to provide reference data by representing undeveloped land cover. Water-quality data included pH, specific conductance, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved solids (filtered residue on evaporation in milligrams per liter, dried at 180 degrees Celsius), suspended solids, major ions, nutrients, trace metals, and pesticides. Trace metal concentration data were compared to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality established surface water quality standards for human health protection (water and fish). Among all constituents in all samples for which criteria were available for comparison, only one sample had one constituent which exceeded the surface water criteria on one occasion. A single lead concentration (2.76 micrograms per liter) measured in a filtered water sample exceeded the surface water criteria of 1.15 micrograms per liter. The average number of pesticide detections per sample in stream basins undergoing development ranged from 1.8 to 6.0. In contrast, the average number of pesticide detections per sample in the reference stream basin was 0.6. Among all constituents examined in this study, pesticides, dissolved orthophosphate phosphorus, and dissolved total phosphorus demonstrated the largest differences between the four stream basins undergoing development and the reference stream basin with undeveloped land cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds740","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Opsahl, S.P., 2012, Quality of surface-water runoff in selected streams in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, Bexar County, Texas, 1997-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 740, Document: iv, 19 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds740.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 19 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042333","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_740.png"},{"id":264725,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/740/"},{"id":264726,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/740/DS740.pdf"},{"id":264728,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/740/Appendixes_DS740.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.8056,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.1104 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e49692e4b0e8fec6cd97f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Opsahl, Stephen P. 0000-0002-4774-0415 sopsahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-0415","contributorId":4713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Opsahl","given":"Stephen","email":"sopsahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042112,"text":"sir20125278 - 2012 - Groundwater levels and water-quality observations pertaining to the Austin Group, Bexar County, Texas, 2009-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T16:22:41","indexId":"sir20125278","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5278","title":"Groundwater levels and water-quality observations pertaining to the Austin Group, Bexar County, Texas, 2009-11","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, examined groundwater-level altitudes (groundwater levels) and water-quality data pertaining to the Austin Group in Bexar County, Texas, during 2009–11. Hydrologic data collected included daily mean groundwater levels collected at seven sites in the study area. Water-quality samples were collected at six sites in the study area and analyzed for major ions, nutrients, trace elements, organic carbon, and stable isotopes. The resulting datasets were examined for similarities between sites as well as similarities to data from the Edwards aquifer in Bexar County, Tex. Similarities in the groundwater levels between sites completed in the Austin Group and site J (State well AY-68-37-203; hereafter referred to as the “Bexar County index well”) which is completed in the Edwards aquifer might be indicative of groundwater interactions between the two hydrologic units as a result of nearby faulting or conduit flow. The groundwater levels measured at the sites in the study area exhibited varying degrees of similarity to the Bexar County index well. Groundwater levels at site A (State well AY-68-36-136) exhibited similar patterns as those at the Bexar County index well, but the hydrographs of groundwater levels were different in shape and magnitude in response to precipitation and groundwater pumping, and at times slightly offset in time. The groundwater level patterns measured at sites C, D, and E (State wells AY-68-29-513, AY-68-29-514, and AY-68-29-512, respectively) were not similar to those measured at the Bexar County index well. Groundwater levels at site F (State well AY-68-29-819) exhibited general similarities as those observed at the Bexar County index well; however, there were several periods of notable groundwater-level drawdowns at site F that were not evident at the Bexar County index well. These drawdowns were likely because of pumping from the well at site F. The groundwater levels at sites H and I (State wells AY-68-37-205 and AY-68-29-932, respectively) exhibited similar patterns as those at the Bexar County index well (coefficient of determination [R2] of 0.99 at both wells), indicating there might be some degree of hydrologic connectivity to the Edwards aquifer.
\nIn general, the water-quality data indicated that the samples were representative of a calcium carbonate dominated system. The major ion chemistry and relations between magnesium to calcium molar ratios and 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios of samples collected from sites H and I indicated that the groundwater from these sites was most geochemically similar to groundwater collected from site B (State well AY-68-36-134), which is representative of groundwater in the Edwards aquifer. Of the sites sampled in this study, there appears to be varying hydrologic connectivity between groundwater from wells completed in the Austin Group and the Edwards aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125278","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., and Clark, A., 2012, Groundwater levels and water-quality observations pertaining to the Austin Group, Bexar County, Texas, 2009-11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5278, Document: iv, 18 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125278.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 18 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042184","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5278.png"},{"id":264722,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5278/"},{"id":264723,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5278/pdf/sir2012-5278.pdf"},{"id":264729,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5278/downloads/sir2012-5278_app.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.8056,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.7606 ], [ -98.1193,29.1104 ], [ -98.8056,29.1104 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50de68d3e4b0e31bb02a2995","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J.R.","contributorId":26598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":79775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan K.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042103,"text":"sir20125223 - 2012 - Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T15:24:23","indexId":"sir20125223","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5223","title":"Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10","docAbstract":"The majority of filtered total mercury in the marine water of Sinclair Inlet originates from salt water flowing from Puget Sound. About 420 grams of filtered total mercury are added to Sinclair Inlet each year from atmospheric, terrestrial, and sedimentary sources, which has increased filtered total mercury concentrations in Sinclair Inlet (0.33 nanograms per liter) to concentrations greater than those of the Puget Sound (0.2 nanograms per liter). The category with the largest loading of filtered total mercury to Sinclair Inlet included diffusion of porewaters from marine sediment to the water column of Sinclair Inlet and discharge through the largest stormwater drain on the Bremerton naval complex, Bremerton, Washington. However, few data are available to estimate porewater and stormwater releases with any certainty. The release from the stormwater drain does not originate from overland flow of stormwater. Rather total mercury on soils is extracted by the chloride ions in seawater as the stormwater is drained and adjacent soils are flushed with seawater by tidal pumping. Filtered total mercury released by an unknown freshwater mechanism also was observed in the stormwater flowing through this drain.\n\nDirect atmospheric deposition on the Sinclair Inlet, freshwater discharge from creek and stormwater basins draining into Sinclair Inlet, and saline discharges from the dry dock sumps of the naval complex are included in the next largest loading category of sources of filtered total mercury. Individual discharges from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and from the industrial steam plant of the naval complex constituted the loading category with the third largest loadings. Stormwater discharge from the shipyard portion of the naval complex and groundwater discharge from the base are included in the loading category with the smallest loading of filtered total mercury.\n\nPresently, the origins of the solids depositing to the sediment of Sinclair Inlet are uncertain, and consequently, concentrations of sediments can be qualitatively compared only to total mercury concentrations of solids suspended in the water column. Concentrations of total mercury of suspended solids from creeks, stormwater, and even wastewater effluent discharging into greater Sinclair Inlet were comparable to concentrations of solids suspended in the water column of Sinclair Inlet. Concentrations of total mercury of suspended solids were significantly lower than those of marine bed sediment of Sinclair Inlet; these suspended solids have been shown to settle in Sinclair Inlet. The settling of suspended solids in the greater Sinclair Inlet and in Operable Unit B Marine of the naval complex likely will result in lower concentrations of total mercury in sediments. Such a decrease in total mercury concentrations was observed in the sediment of Operable Unit B Marine in 2010. However, total mercury concentrations of solids discharged from several sources from the Bremerton naval complex were higher than concentrations in sediment collected from Operable Unit B Marine. The combined loading of solids from these sources is small compared to the amount of solids depositing in OU B Marine. However, total mercury concentration in sediment collected at a monitoring station just offshore one of these sources, the largest stormwater drain on the Bremerton naval complex, increased considerably in 2010.\n\nLow methylmercury concentrations were detected in groundwater, stormwater, and effluents discharged from the Bremerton naval complex. The highest methylmercury concentrations were measured in the porewaters of highly reducing marine sediment in greater Sinclair Inlet. The marine sediment collected off the largest stormwater drain contained low concentrations of methylmercury in porewater because these sediments were not highly reducing.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125223","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Northwest","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., Dinicola, R., Noble, M.A., Wagner, R.J., Huffman, R.L., Moran, P.W., and DeWild, J.F., 2012, Sources and sinks of filtered total mercury and concentrations of total mercury of solids and of filtered methylmercury, Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2007-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5223, xii, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125223.","productDescription":"xii, 94 p.","numberOfPages":"110","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5223.jpg"},{"id":264719,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5223/"},{"id":264720,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5223/pdf/sir20125223.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap","otherGeospatial":"Sinclair Inlet","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -12.035555555555556,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -12.035555555555556,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -12.03361111111111,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -12.03361111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -12.035555555555556,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4cc6de4b0e8fec6ce1ea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dinicola, Richard S. 0000-0003-4222-294X dinicola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-294X","contributorId":352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"Richard S.","email":"dinicola@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, Richard J. rjwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Richard","email":"rjwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huffman, Raegan L. 0000-0001-8523-5439 rhuffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-5439","contributorId":1638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"Raegan","email":"rhuffman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70042044,"text":"ofr20121246 - 2012 - The Mekong Fish Network: expanding the capacity of the people and institutions of the Mekong River Basin to share information and conduct standardized fisheries monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T15:34:35","indexId":"ofr20121246","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1246","title":"The Mekong Fish Network: expanding the capacity of the people and institutions of the Mekong River Basin to share information and conduct standardized fisheries monitoring","docAbstract":"The Mekong River is one of the most biologically diverse rivers in the world, and it supports the most productive freshwater fisheries in the world. Millions of people in the Lower Mekong River Basin (LMB) countries of the Union of Myanmar (Burma), Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the Kingdom of Thailand, the Kingdom of Cambodia, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam rely on the fisheries of the basin to provide a source of protein. The Mekong Fish Network Workshop was convened in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, in February 2012 to discuss the potential for coordinating fisheries monitoring among nations and the utility of establishing standard methods for short- and long-term monitoring and data sharing throughout the LMB. The concept for this network developed out of a frequently cited need for fisheries researchers in the LMB to share their knowledge with other scientists and decisionmakers. A fish monitoring network could be a valuable forum for researchers to exchange ideas, store data, or access general information regarding fisheries studies in the LMB region. At the workshop, representatives from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and universities, as well as participating foreign technical experts, cited a great need for more international cooperation and technical support among them. Given the limited staff and resources of many institutions in the LMB, the success of the proposed network would depend on whether it could offer tools that would provide benefits to network participants. A potential tool discussed at the workshop was a user-friendly, Web-accessible portal and database that could help streamline data entry and storage at the institutional level, as well as facilitate communication and data sharing among institutions. The workshop provided a consensus to establish pilot standardized data collection and database efforts that will be further reviewed by the workshop participants. Overall, workshop participants agreed that this is the type of support that is greatly needed to answer their most pressing questions and to enable local researchers and resource managers to monitor and sustain the valuable and diverse aquatic life of the Mekong River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with FISHBIO","usgsCitation":"Patricio, H.C., Ainsley, S.M., Andersen, M.E., Beeman, J.W., and Hewitt, D.A., 2012, The Mekong Fish Network: expanding the capacity of the people and institutions of the Mekong River Basin to share information and conduct standardized fisheries monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1246, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121246.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-02-09","temporalEnd":"2012-02-10","ipdsId":"IP-038456","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1246.gif"},{"id":264705,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1246/"},{"id":264706,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1246/ofr2012-1246.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam","otherGeospatial":"Mekong River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 89.15,8.0 ], [ 89.15,33.0 ], [ 111.12,33.0 ], [ 111.12,8.0 ], [ 89.15,8.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4967ae4b0c6073c901f59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patricio, Harmony C.","contributorId":30525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patricio","given":"Harmony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ainsley, Shaara M.","contributorId":107973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ainsley","given":"Shaara","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, Matthew E. 0000-0003-4115-5028 mandersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-5028","contributorId":3190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Matthew","email":"mandersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090G","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T14:20:50","indexId":"sir20105090G","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated with the China Geological Survey (CGS) to conduct a mineral resource assessment of Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia. This area hosts several very large porphyry deposits, exemplified by the Dexing deposit in eastern China that contains more than 8,000,000 metric tons of copper. In addition, large parts of the area are undergoing active exploration and are likely to contain undiscovered porphyry copper deposits.
\nThree tracts were delineated to be permissive for Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia: the Manchuride, Coastal Pacific, and East Qinling tracts, all Jurassic through Cretaceous in age. The tracts are based on mapped and inferred subsurface distributions of igneous rocks that define areas where the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits is possible. These tracts range in area from about 170,000 to about 1,400,000 km2. Although maps at a variety of scales were used in the assessment, the final tract boundaries are intended for use at a scale of 1:1,000,000.
\nThese Mesozoic deposits in East Asia all formed in post-subduction environments, environments newly recognized as permissive for the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits. Based on the grade, tonnage, and geologic characteristics of the known deposits, two tracts, Manchuride and Coastal Pacific, were evaluated using the general (Cu-Mo-Au) porphyry copper grade and tonnage model. The East Qinling tract was evaluated using the molybdenum-rich (Cu-Mo) model. Assessment participants estimated numbers of undiscovered deposits at different levels of confidence for each permissive tract. These estimates were then combined with the selected grade and tonnage models using Monte Carlo simulation to generate quantitative probabilistic estimates of undiscovered resources. Resources in future extensions of deposits with identified resources were not specifically evaluated.
\nAssessment results, presented in tables and graphs, show mean amounts of metal and rock in undiscovered deposits at different quantile levels, as well as the arithmetic mean for each tract. This assessment estimated a mean total of about 44 undiscovered porphyry copper deposits within the assessed permissive tracts in East Asia. This represents nearly 4 times the 12 known deposits. Predicted mean (arithmetic) resources that could be associated with these undiscovered deposits are about 198,000,000 metric tons (t) of copper and about 3,900 t of gold, as well as byproduct molybdenum and silver. The reported identified resources for those 12 known deposits total about 23,000,000 t of copper and about 850 t of gold. The assessment area is estimated to contain nearly nine times as much copper in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits as has been identified to date.
\nThis report includes an overview of the assessment results and summary tables. Descriptions of each tract are included in appendixes, with estimates of numbers of undiscovered deposits, and probabilistic estimates of amounts of copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver that could be contained in undiscovered deposits for each permissive tract. A geographic information system that accompanies the report includes tract boundaries and a database of known porphyry copper deposits and prospects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105090G","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences, China Geological Survey, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programs in East and Southeast Asia, and XDM Geological Consultants, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Ludington, S., Mihalasky, M.J., Hammarstrom, J.M., Robinson, G.R., Frost, T.P., Gans, K.D., Light, T., Miller, R.J., and Alexeiev, D.V., 2012, Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in Global mineral resource assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090, Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105090G.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5090_g.gif"},{"id":264690,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/sir2010-5090g_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":264691,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/EASIA_metadata","text":"Appendix E metadata","size":"31 kB","description":"Appendix E metadata"},{"id":264692,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/GIS_SIR5090G_appendix_E.zip","text":"Appendix E GIS data","size":"19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Appendix E GIS data"},{"id":264688,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/"},{"id":264689,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/EAM_DEPPROS.xlsx","text":"Appendix D","size":"86 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix D"}],"projection":"Asia North Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","country":"China, Mongolia, North Korea, Russia, Vietnam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 105.1171875,\n 8.059229627200192\n ],\n [\n 109.86328125,\n 12.983147716796578\n ],\n [\n 106.962890625,\n 19.394067895396613\n ],\n [\n 120.673828125,\n 26.82407078047018\n ],\n [\n 122.607421875,\n 35.67514743608467\n ],\n [\n 128.056640625,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n 132.275390625,\n 46.98025235521883\n ],\n [\n 136.58203125,\n 52.96187505907603\n ],\n [\n 132.71484375,\n 56.46249048388979\n ],\n [\n 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Jr. 0000-0002-9676-9564 grobinso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-9564","contributorId":172765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frost, Thomas P. 0000-0001-8348-8432 tfrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-8432","contributorId":203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"Thomas","email":"tfrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gans, Kathleen D. 0000-0002-7545-9655 kgans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-9655","contributorId":5403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gans","given":"Kathleen","email":"kgans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Light, Thomas D.","contributorId":46098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Robert J. rjmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":2516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"rjmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Alexeiev, Dmitriy V.","contributorId":89425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexeiev","given":"Dmitriy","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70042070,"text":"ofr20121270 - 2012 - Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T12:33:25","indexId":"ofr20121270","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1270","title":"Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam","docAbstract":"We assessed the physical and biotic conditions in the part of Buck Creek, Washington, potentially accessible to anadromous fishes. This creek is a major tributary to the White Salmon River upstream of Condit Dam, which was breached in October 2011. Habitat and fish populations were characterized in four stream reaches. Reach breaks were based on stream gradient, water withdrawals, and fish barriers. Buck Creek generally was confined, with a single straight channel and low sinuosity. Boulders and cobble were the dominant stream substrate, with limited gravel available for spawning. Large-cobble riffles were 83 percent of the available fish habitat. Pools, comprising 15 percent of the surface area, mostly were formed by bedrock with little instream cover and low complexity. Instream wood averaged 6—10 pieces per 100 meters, 80 percent of which was less than 50 centimeters in diameter. Water temperature in Buck Creek rarely exceeded 16 degrees Celsius and did so for only 1 day at river kilometer (rkm) 3 and 11 days at rkm 0.2 in late July and early August 2009. The maximum temperature recorded was 17.2 degrees Celsius at rkm 0.2 on August 2, 2009. Minimum summer discharge in Buck Creek was 3.3 cubic feet per second downstream of an irrigation diversion (rkm 3.1) and 7.7 cubic feet per second at its confluence with the White Salmon River. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was the dominant fish species in all reaches. The abundance of age-1 or older rainbow trout was similar between reaches. However, in 2009 and 2010, the greatest abundance of age-0 rainbow trout (8 fish per meter) was in the most downstream reach. These analyses in Buck Creek are important for understanding the factors that may limit fish abundance and productivity, and they will help identify and prioritize potential restoration actions. The data collected constitute baseline information of pre-dam removal conditions that will allow assessment of changes in fish populations now that Condit Dam has been removed and anadromous fish have an opportunity to recolonize Buck Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121270","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yakama Nation","usgsCitation":"Allen, M.B., Burkhardt, J., Munz, C., and Connolly, P., 2012, Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1270, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121270.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"48","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1270.jpg"},{"id":264717,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1270/pdf/ofr20121270.pdf"},{"id":264716,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1270/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Buck Creek;Condit Dam;White Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.57,45.76 ], [ -121.57,45.85 ], [ -121.51,45.85 ], [ -121.51,45.76 ], [ -121.57,45.76 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4cbcae4b0c6073c902059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, M. 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This fact sheet quantifies the amounts of those materials (other than food and fuel) that have been input into the U.S. economy annually for a period of 111 years, from 1900 through 2010. It provides a broad overview of all materials used but highlights the use and importance of raw nonfuel minerals in particular. This fact sheet supersedes U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009–3008, which was published in April 2009 and covered the period 1900 through 2006. These data have been compiled to help the public and policymakers understand the flow of raw materials used in the United States in physical terms. Such information can be helpful in assessing the past and potential effects of the materials on the environment, evaluating the materials’ intensity of use, and examining the role that these materials play in the economy. It can also provide insight into what may happen to the materials at the end of their useful life.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123140","usgsCitation":"Matos, G.R., 2012, Use of raw materials in the United States from 1900 through 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3140, 7 p., available only at https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3140. (Supersedes Fact Sheet 2009–3008.) \n\n","productDescription":"Fact Sheet: 7 p.: Data Excel File","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1900-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264714,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3140/fs2012-3140_data_file.xlsx","size":"61 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Use of Raw Materials in the United States From 1900 Through 2010"},{"id":264715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3140.gif"},{"id":264713,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3140/pdf/fs2012-3140.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2012-3140"},{"id":264712,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3140/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","publicComments":"Supersedes Fact Sheet 2009–3008","contact":"National Minerals Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
991 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has created a comprehensive geopressure-gradient model of the regional pressure system spanning the onshore and offshore portions of the Gulf of Mexico, USA. The model was used to generate ten maps: five contour maps (Maps 1A - 5A) characterize the depth to the surface defined by the first occurrence of isopressure-gradients ranging from 0.60 psi/ft to 1.00 psi/ft, in 0.10-psi/ft increments, and five supporting maps (Maps 1B - 5B) display the spatial density of the data used to construct the isopressure-gradient maps. The boundary of the geopressure-gradient model represents the maximum extent of the calculated pressure-gradient data. The regional investigation, however, encompassed an area defined by the USGS Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System Boundary, and the availability of offshore data. A description of the geopressure-gradient model, including related mathematical derivations, the data-quality control methodology, linear pressure interpolation calculations, and contouring algorithms is provided by Burke et al. (in press [a]; in press [b]); these references, as well as a summary of the geopressure-gradient model, are supplied in the online documentation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists ","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2012, Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA, Zip File.","productDescription":"Zip File","ipdsId":"IP-037050","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.datapages.com/gis-map-publishing-program/gis-open-files/geographic/distribution-of-regional-pressure-in-the-onshore-and-offshore-gulf-of-mexico-basin-usa"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1cb860e4b0708288c83838","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042207,"text":"70042207 - 2012 - Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-13T21:24:49.247142","indexId":"70042207","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":656,"text":"Advances in Limnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","title":"Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron","docAbstract":"Genetic analysis of spawning lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) from six sites in the main basin of Lake Huron was conducted to determine population structure. Samples from fisheryindependent assessment surveys in the northwest main basin were analyzed to determine the relative contributions of lake whitefish genetic populations. Genetic population structure was identified using data from seven microsatellite DNA loci. One population was identified at Manitoulin Island, one to two were observed in the east-central main basin (Fishing Island and Douglas Point), and one to two populations were found in the northwest (Thunder Bay and Duncan Bay). The genetic identity of collections from Duncan Bay and Thunder Bay was not consistent among methods used to analyze population structure. Low genetic distances suggested that they comprised one population, but genic differences indicated that they may constitute separate populations. Simulated data indicated that the genetic origins of samples from a mixed-fishery could be accurately identified, but accuracy could be improved by incorporating additional microsatellite loci. Mixture analysis and individual assignment tests performed on mixed-stock samples collected from the western main basin suggested that genetic populations from the east-central main basin contributed less than those from the western main basin and that the proportional contribution of each baseline population was similar in each assessment sample. Analysis of additional microsatellite DNA loci may be useful to help improve the precision of the estimates, thus increasing our ability to manage and protect this valuable resource.","language":"English","publisher":"Schweizerbart Science Publishers","doi":"10.1127/advlim/63/2012/241","usgsCitation":"Stott, W., Ebener, M.P., Mohr, L., Schaeffer, J., Roseman, E., Harford, W.J., Johnson, J.E., and Fietsch, C., 2012, Genetic structure of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, populations in the northern main basin of Lake Huron: Advances in Limnology, v. 63, p. 241-260, https://doi.org/10.1127/advlim/63/2012/241.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"260","ipdsId":"IP-014526","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, 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-83.38371178059582,\n 45.138628413520365\n ],\n [\n -83.5608098988923,\n 45.07121390737501\n ],\n [\n -83.48519497197955,\n 44.92910255160558\n ],\n [\n -83.35386378313012,\n 44.86708242781751\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5cfffe4b0a4aa5bb0af05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stott, Wendylee","contributorId":8058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"Wendylee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ebener, Mark P.","contributorId":25099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebener","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12957,"text":"Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohr, Lloyd","contributorId":34001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohr","given":"Lloyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaeffer, Jeff 0000-0003-3430-0872 jschaeffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-0872","contributorId":2041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Jeff","email":"jschaeffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harford, William J.","contributorId":71078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harford","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, James E.","contributorId":45668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fietsch, Cherie-Lee","contributorId":11088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fietsch","given":"Cherie-Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70042024,"text":"sir20125237 - 2012 - Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T14:00:23","indexId":"sir20125237","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5237","title":"Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program nitrate transport in groundwater was modeled in the mid-Snake River region in south-central Idaho to project future concentrations of nitrate. Model simulation results indicated that nitrate concentrations would continue to increase over time, eventually exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water of 10 milligrams per liter in some areas. A subregional groundwater model simulated the change of nitrate concentrations in groundwater over time in response to three nitrogen input scenarios: (1) nitrogen input fixed at 2008 levels; (2) nitrogen input increased from 2008 to 2028 using the same rate of increase as the average rate of increase during the previous 10 years (1998 through 2008); after 2028, nitrogen input is fixed at 2028 levels; and (3) nitrogen input related to agriculture completely halted, with only nitrogen input from precipitation remaining. Scenarios 1 and 2 project that nitrate concentrations in groundwater continue to increase from 10 to 50 years beyond the year nitrogen input is fixed, depending on the location in the model area. Projected nitrate concentrations in groundwater increase by as much as 2–4 milligrams per liter in many areas, with nitrate concentrations in some areas reaching 10 milligrams per liter. Scenario 3, although unrealistic, estimates how long (20–50 years) it would take nitrate in groundwater to return to background concentrations—the “flushing time” of the system. The amount of nitrate concentration increase cannot be explained solely by differences in nitrogen input; in fact, some areas with the highest amount of nitrogen input have the lowest increase in nitrate concentration. The geometry of the aquifer and the pattern of regional groundwater flow through the aquifer greatly influence nitrate concentrations. The aquifer thins toward discharge areas along the Snake River which forces upward convergence of good-quality regional groundwater that mixes with the nitrate-laden groundwater in the uppermost parts of the aquifer, which results in lowered nitrate concentrations. A new method of inputting nitrogen to the subregional groundwater model was used that prorates nitrogen input by the probability of detecting nitrate concentrations greater than 2 mg/L. The probability map is based on correlations with physical factors, and prorates an existing nitrogen input dataset providing an estimate of nitrogen flux to the water table that accounts for new factors such as soil properties. The effectiveness of this updated nitrogen input method was evaluated using the software UCODE_2005.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125237","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Skinner, K.D., and Rupert, M.G., 2012, Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5237, viii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125237.","productDescription":"viii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5237.jpg"},{"id":264674,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/"},{"id":264675,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/pdf/sir20125237.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Mid-snake Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391d1e4b062c7914ebd99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, Kenneth D. 0000-0003-1774-6565 kskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-6565","contributorId":1836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Kenneth","email":"kskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042027,"text":"sir20125220 - 2012 - Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T15:25:15","indexId":"sir20125220","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5220","title":"Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010","docAbstract":"The National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program of the U.S. Geological Survey is using multiple approaches to measure and explain trends in concentrations of nitrate in principal aquifers of the United States. Near decadal sampling of selected well networks is providing information on where long-term changes in nitrate concentrations have occurred. Because those studies do not include all the NAWQA well networks, a determination has yet to be made as to what might be expected in networks from which timeseries data have not been collected. Characterizing aquifer susceptibility to changes in nitrate concentrations on the basis of data collected from all the NAWQA well networks would be a step toward extrapolating findings from those studies to broader regions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125220","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P., 2012, Use of classes based on redox and groundwater age to characterize the susceptibility of principal aquifers to changes in nitrate concentrations, 1991 to 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5220, vii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125220.","productDescription":"vii, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5220.gif"},{"id":264677,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5220/"},{"id":264678,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5220/sir2012-5220.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391dee4b062c7914ebda5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042036,"text":"ds723 - 2012 - Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T16:17:12","indexId":"ds723","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"723","title":"Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cooperated with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on a study to identify the occurrence of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in water and bottom-sediment samples collected during 2010–11 at sites in seven areas of concern (AOCs) throughout the Great Lakes. Study sites include tributaries to the Great Lakes in AOCs located near Duluth, Minn.; Green Bay, Wis.; Rochester, N.Y.; Detroit, Mich.; Toledo, Ohio; Milwaukee, Wis.; and Ashtabula, Ohio. This report documents the collection methods, analyses methods, quality-assurance data and analyses, and provides the data for this study. Water and bottom-sediment samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colo., for a broad suite of CECs. During this study, 135 environmental and 23 field duplicate samples of surface water and wastewater effluent, 10 field blank water samples, and 11 field spike water samples were collected and analyzed. Sixty-one of the 69 wastewater indicator chemicals (laboratory method 4433) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 11.2 micrograms per liter. Twenty-eight of the 48 pharmaceuticals (research method 8244) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.0029 to 22.0 micrograms per liter. Ten of the 20 steroid hormones and sterols analyzed (research method 4434) were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 10,000 nanograms per liter. During this study, 75 environmental, 13 field duplicate samples, and 9 field spike samples of bottom sediment were collected and analyzed for a wide variety of CECs. Forty-seven of the 57 wastewater indicator chemicals (laboratory method 5433) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.921 to 25,800 nanograms per gram. Seventeen of the 20 steroid hormones and sterols (research method 6434) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 8,921 nanograms per gram. Twelve of the 20 pharmaceuticals (research method 8244) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 2.35 to 453.5 nanograms per gram. Six of the 11 antidepressants (research method 9008) analyzed were detected at concentrations ranging from 2.79 to 91.6 nanograms per gram.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds723","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Langer, S.K., Menheer, M.A., Foreman, W., Furlong, E.T., and Smith, S.G., 2012, Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in Great Lakes areas of concern, 2010 to 2011-Collection methods, analyses methods, quality assurance, and data: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 723, Report: v, 26 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds723.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_723.gif"},{"id":264680,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/"},{"id":264682,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/downloads/"},{"id":264681,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/723/DS723.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 0.0025,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ 0.0025,0.001388888888888889 ], [ 0.0019444444444444444,0.001388888888888889 ], [ 0.0019444444444444444,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ 0.0025,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391bce4b062c7914ebd86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langer, Susan K. slanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":107824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"Susan","email":"slanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menheer, Michael A. menheer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menheer","given":"Michael","email":"menheer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Steven G. sgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"sgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70041973,"text":"tm7C7 - 2012 - Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T09:12:25","indexId":"tm7C7","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C7","title":"Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","docAbstract":"The TSPROC (Time Series PROCessor) computer software uses a simple scripting language to process and analyze time series. It was developed primarily to assist in the calibration of environmental models. The software is designed to perform calculations on time-series data commonly associated with surface-water models, including calculation of flow volumes, transformation by means of basic arithmetic operations, and generation of seasonal and annual statistics and hydrologic indices. TSPROC can also be used to generate some of the key input files required to perform parameter optimization by means of the PEST (Parameter ESTimation) computer software. Through the use of TSPROC, the objective function for use in the model-calibration process can be focused on specific components of a hydrograph.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C7","collaboration":"Great Lakes Restoration Initiative","usgsCitation":"Westenbroek, S.M., Doherty, J., Walker, J.F., Kelson, V.A., Hunt, R.J., and Cera, T.B., 2012, Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 7-C7, Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm7C7.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_7_c7.gif"},{"id":264659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/"},{"id":264661,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/models/tsproc/index.html"},{"id":264660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/pdf/TM7_C7_112712.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391b7e4b062c7914ebd82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelson, Victor A.","contributorId":41713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelson","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cera, Timothy B.","contributorId":79771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cera","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}