Climate‐change refugia – locations likely to facilitate species persistence under climate change – are increasingly important components of conservation planning. Recent approaches for identifying refugia at broad scales include identifying regions that are projected to experience less severe changes (climatic exposure), that contain a diversity of physical and topographic features (environmental diversity), and that either retain or remain close to suitable climatic conditions (climate tracking, including both “species‐neutral” and species‐based approaches). We compared the degree of agreement between these approaches – with respect to their spatial coverage and other characteristics – across much of North America. This analysis found that approaches based on environmental diversity and species‐neutral climatic gradients both favored topographically complex regions, whereas climatic exposure and species‐based approaches identified regions with a range of topographic characteristics. Species‐based approaches targeting specific habitat groups identified unique regions missed by other approaches, emphasizing the importance of asking the question “refugia for what?” when prioritizing refugia. Our results highlight the necessity of including climatic exposure and species‐based information in addition to topographic diversity and climatic gradients in refugia analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.2207","usgsCitation":"Michalak, J., Stralberg, D., Cartwright, J.M., and Lawler, J.J., 2020, Combining physical and species‐based approaches improves refugia identification: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 18, no. 5, p. 254-260, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2207.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"260","ipdsId":"IP-105568","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2207","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Julia 0000-0002-2524-8390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2524-8390","contributorId":210589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stralberg, Diana","contributorId":187413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stralberg","given":"Diana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawler, Joshua J.","contributorId":73327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210874,"text":"70210874 - 2020 - Disturbance refugia within mosaics of forest fire, drought, and insect outbreaks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-30T15:35:29.994854","indexId":"70210874","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T10:32:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disturbance refugia within mosaics of forest fire, drought, and insect outbreaks","docAbstract":"Disturbance refugia – locations that experience less severe or frequent disturbances than the surrounding landscape – provide a framework to highlight not only where and why these biological legacies persist as adjacent areas change but also the value of those legacies in sustaining biodiversity. Recent studies of disturbance refugia in forest ecosystems have focused primarily on fire, with a growing recognition of important applications to land management. Given the wide range of disturbance processes in forests, developing a broader understanding of disturbance refugia is important for scientists and land managers, particularly in the context of anthropogenic climate change. We illustrate the framework of disturbance refugia through the individual and interactive effects of three prominent forest disturbance agents: fire, drought, and insect outbreaks. We provide examples of disturbance refugia and related applications to natural resource management in western North America, demonstrate methods for characterizing refugia, identify research priorities, and discuss why a more comprehensive definition of disturbance refugia is relevant to conservation globally.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.2190","usgsCitation":"Krawchuk, M.A., Meigs, G., Cartwright, J.M., Coop, J.D., Davis, R.J., Holz, A., Kolden, C.A., and Meddens, A.J., 2020, Disturbance refugia within mosaics of forest fire, drought, and insect outbreaks: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 18, no. 5, p. 235-244, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2190.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-105563","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2190","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krawchuk, Meg A.","contributorId":187425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krawchuk","given":"Meg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meigs, Garrett","contributorId":192344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meigs","given":"Garrett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coop, Jonathan D.","contributorId":187427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coop","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Raymond J.","contributorId":150574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holz, Andres","contributorId":225619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holz","given":"Andres","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":196909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meddens, Arjan J.H.","contributorId":140349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meddens","given":"Arjan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.H.","affiliations":[{"id":13466,"text":"Univ. of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70210750,"text":"70210750 - 2020 - Annual outbreaks of coral disease coincide with extreme seasonal warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T19:54:54.432553","indexId":"70210750","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T10:29:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual outbreaks of coral disease coincide with extreme seasonal warming","docAbstract":"Reef-building corals living in extreme environments can provide insight into the negative effects of future climate scenarios. In hot environments, coral communities experience disproportionate thermal stress as they live very near or at their upper thermal limits. This results in a high frequency of bleaching episodes, but it is unknown whether temperature-driven outbreaks of coral disease follow a similar trajectory. Here we tracked outbreaks of a white-syndrome (WS) disease over three years in the hottest region inhabited by reef-building corals, the southern Persian Gulf. From 2014 to 2016, WS affected 10 of the 16 scleractinian genera recorded at inshore and offshore sites. Intra- and inter-specific transmission of lesions was frequently observed, indicative of a single contagious disease infecting multiple coral taxa. Colonies of Acropora were the most susceptible to WS disease and were more than twice as likely to experience lesions than any other genera. Prevalence reached 42% of Acropora colonies and lesions progressed at an average rate of 1 mm day−1. Platygyra colonies were the second most susceptible to WS disease, where prevalence reached 33% and lesions progressed at 0.3 mm day−1. Affected colonies of both of these genera suffered considerable partial mortality that was not recovered between years, promoting the fragmentation of larger colonies into smaller size classes. Across the 3 years of our study, the onset of WS outbreaks occurred early in summer and prevalence increased exponentially with cumulative heat exposure (coral community r2 = 0.55, Acropora r2 = 0.72, Platygyra r2 = 0.75). Peak levels of community-wide prevalence occurred in August (10% of all coral colonies) to September (14%) when preceding 4-week and 8-week average temperatures exceeded 34.5 °C and 34 °C, respectively. Outbreaks ceased following the return of cooler temperatures with prevalence remaining below 0.5% between December and June. Levels of bleaching remained relatively low (< 5% prevalence), despite exposure to daily temperatures ≥ 35 °C each summer. These findings demonstrate that thermal stress on coral reefs does not always manifest as coral bleaching and diseases can present as a primary sign of thermal stress. Consequently, temperature-driven outbreaks of coral disease are expected to become more widespread as climate warming pushes corals to be living increasingly closer to their upper thermal limits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-020-01946-2","usgsCitation":"Howells, E., Vaughan, G., Work, T.M., Burt, J., and Abrego, D., 2020, Annual outbreaks of coral disease coincide with extreme seasonal warming: Coral Reefs, v. 39, p. 771-781, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-020-01946-2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"771","endPage":"781","ipdsId":"IP-118154","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United Arab Emirates","otherGeospatial":"Saadiyat Island, Sir Bu Nair Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 54.483089447021484,\n 24.585685459954053\n ],\n [\n 54.47038650512695,\n 24.591617065145016\n ],\n [\n 54.40996170043945,\n 24.54243869415631\n ],\n [\n 54.39434051513672,\n 24.544312509374677\n ],\n [\n 54.39004898071289,\n 24.533693853166223\n ],\n [\n 54.412879943847656,\n 24.512297656236697\n ],\n [\n 54.43519592285156,\n 24.510110978302787\n ],\n [\n 54.458885192871094,\n 24.50230110365353\n ],\n [\n 54.46592330932617,\n 24.503082112955468\n ],\n [\n 54.46678161621093,\n 24.53150754771787\n ],\n [\n 54.46729660034179,\n 24.553525027129414\n ],\n [\n 54.483089447021484,\n 24.585685459954053\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 54.187660217285156,\n 25.20618368765908\n ],\n [\n 54.246368408203125,\n 25.20618368765908\n ],\n [\n 54.246368408203125,\n 25.25711665985981\n ],\n [\n 54.187660217285156,\n 25.25711665985981\n ],\n [\n 54.187660217285156,\n 25.20618368765908\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howells, Emily","contributorId":225444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howells","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41112,"text":"Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughan, Grace","contributorId":225445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaughan","given":"Grace","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41112,"text":"Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burt, John","contributorId":225446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burt","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41112,"text":"Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abrego, David","contributorId":225447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abrego","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41113,"text":"Department of Natural Science and Public Health, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70237093,"text":"70237093 - 2020 - Real-time performance of the PLUM earthquake early warning method during the 2019 M6.4 and M7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T15:11:20.640006","indexId":"70237093","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T10:04:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Real-time performance of the PLUM earthquake early warning method during the 2019 M6.4 and M7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes","docAbstract":"We evaluate the timeliness and accuracy of ground‐motion‐based earthquake early warning (EEW) during the July 2019 M6.4 and 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes. In 2018, we began retrospective and internal real‐time testing of the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM) method for earthquake warning in California, Oregon, and Washington, with the potential that PLUM might one day be included in the ShakeAlert EEW system. A real‐time version of PLUM was running on one of the ShakeAlert EEW system’s development servers at the time of the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence, allowing us to evaluate the timeliness and accuracy of PLUM’s warnings for the M6.4 and 7.1 mainshocks in real time with the actual data availability and latencies of the operational ShakeAlert EEW system. The latter is especially important because high‐data latencies during the M7.1 earthquake degraded ShakeAlert’s performance. PLUM proved to be largely immune to these latencies. In this article, we present a retrospective analysis of PLUM performance and explore three potential regional alerting strategies ranging from spatially large regions (counties), to moderate‐size regions (National Weather Service public forecast zones), to high‐spatial specificity (50 km regular geographic grid). PLUM generated initial shaking forecasts for the two mainshocks 5 and 6 s after their respective origin times, and faster than the ShakeAlert system’s first alerts. PLUM was also able to accurately forecast shaking across southern California for all three alerting strategies studied. As would be expected, a cost‐benefit analysis of each approach illustrates trade‐offs between increasing warning time and minimizing the area receiving unneeded alerts. Choosing an optimal alerting strategy requires knowledge of users’ false alarm tolerance and minimum required warning time for taking protective action, as well as the time required to distribute alerts to users.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200021","usgsCitation":"Minson, S.E., Saunders, J.K., Bunn, J., Cochran, E.S., Baltay Sundstrom, A.S., Kilb, D.L., Hoshiba, M., and Kodera, Y., 2020, Real-time performance of the PLUM earthquake early warning method during the 2019 M6.4 and M7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1887-1903, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200021.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1887","endPage":"1903","ipdsId":"IP-115052","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200827-142633476","text":"External Repository"},{"id":407602,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.79335021972655,\n 35.58529318061384\n ],\n [\n -117.55233764648438,\n 35.58529318061384\n ],\n [\n -117.55233764648438,\n 35.70749253887843\n ],\n [\n -117.79335021972655,\n 35.70749253887843\n ],\n [\n -117.79335021972655,\n 35.58529318061384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saunders, Jessie Kate 0000-0001-5340-6715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-6715","contributorId":290634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"Jessie","email":"","middleInitial":"Kate","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunn, Julian J.","contributorId":216379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunn","given":"Julian","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baltay, Annemarie S. 0000-0002-6514-852X abaltay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-852X","contributorId":4932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baltay","given":"Annemarie","email":"abaltay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kilb, Deborah L.","contributorId":216380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilb","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37799,"text":"SCRIPPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hoshiba, Mitsuyuki","contributorId":216382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoshiba","given":"Mitsuyuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39398,"text":"JMA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kodera, Yuki","contributorId":290636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kodera","given":"Yuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39398,"text":"JMA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70210738,"text":"70210738 - 2020 - Impacts of hydrothermal plume processes on oceanic metal cycles and transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-23T14:59:50.64286","indexId":"70210738","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T09:58:16","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of hydrothermal plume processes on oceanic metal cycles and transport","docAbstract":"Chemical, physical and biological processes in hydrothermal plumes control the flux of elements from hydrothermal vents to the global oceans. The timescales of these processes range from less than a second, as the hydrothermal fluid mixes with seawater at the seafloor, to decades, as the plume disperses over thousands of kilometers. Integrating hydrothermal geochemistry throughout the lifetime of the plume reveals some well constrained processes, along with many surprises. For instance, contrary to the idea that metals are removed from the hydrothermal plume via oxidation, a survey of recent datasets reveals that oxidation of iron and manganese does not consistently result in their removal from the plume, and that manganese may be lost from the water column more rapidly than iron. These observations suggest that the understanding of element transport in hydrothermal plumes is incomplete, partly due to the change in removal processes as the plume disperses from less than 1 km from the vent to more than 4,000 km. We suggest that characterizing the plume based on regions that retain some reduced components versus those that are fully oxidized, in addition to buoyancy, will illuminate the nature of the dominant processes and allow a more complete understanding of the ultimate fate of hydrothermally derived metals.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-020-0579-0","usgsCitation":"Gartman, A., and Findlay, A.J., 2020, Impacts of hydrothermal plume processes on oceanic metal cycles and transport: Nature Geoscience, v. 13, p. 396-402, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0579-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"396","endPage":"402","ipdsId":"IP-112031","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartman, Amy 0000-0001-9307-3062 agartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-3062","contributorId":177057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartman","given":"Amy","email":"agartman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Findlay, Alyssa J.","contributorId":215547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Findlay","given":"Alyssa","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37318,"text":"Aarhus University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70226825,"text":"70226825 - 2020 - Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from rocks collected on Little Sitkin Island, from Little Sitkin Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T15:14:39.043661","indexId":"70226825","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T09:04:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9953,"text":"Raw Data File","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2020-4","title":"Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from rocks collected on Little Sitkin Island, from Little Sitkin Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"During the 2005 summer field season, geologists Michelle Coombs, Christina Neal, and Jessica Larsen from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks and the U.S. Geological survey, Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) conducted fieldwork on Little Sitkin Island in the western Aleutians of Alaska. The primary purpose of the fieldwork was to install geophysical networks for volcano monitoring. As part of this effort, AVO geologists conducted reconnaissance fieldwork focused primarily on sample collection for geochemistry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks","doi":"10.14509/30440","usgsCitation":"Larsen, J., Neal, C.A., and Cameron, C.E., 2020, Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from rocks collected on Little Sitkin Island, from Little Sitkin Volcano, Alaska: Raw Data File 2020-4, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/30440.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119057","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/30440","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":392858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Little Sitkin Island, Little Sitkin Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 178.42208862304688,\n 51.8913252533494\n ],\n [\n 178.5944366455078,\n 51.8913252533494\n ],\n [\n 178.5944366455078,\n 52.00158094159358\n ],\n [\n 178.42208862304688,\n 52.00158094159358\n ],\n [\n 178.42208862304688,\n 51.8913252533494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, Jessica 0000-0003-1171-129X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-129X","contributorId":242808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cameron, Cheryl E. 0000-0001-6366-2130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6366-2130","contributorId":194695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236144,"text":"70236144 - 2020 - Basinwide hydroclimatic drought in the Colorado River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T13:55:23.296854","indexId":"70236144","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T08:50:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basinwide hydroclimatic drought in the Colorado River basin","docAbstract":"The Colorado River basin (CRB) supplies water to approximately 40 million people and is essential to hydropower generation, agriculture, and industry. In this study, a monthly water balance model is used to compute hydroclimatic water balance components (i.e., potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, and runoff) for the period 1901–2014 across the entire CRB. The time series of monthly runoff is aggregated to compute water-year runoff and then used to identify drought periods in the basin. For the 1901–2014 period, eight basinwide drought periods were identified. The driest drought period spanned years 1901–04, whereas the longest drought period occurred during 1943–56. The eight droughts were primarily driven by winter precipitation deficits rather than warm temperature anomalies. In addition, an analysis of prehistoric drought for the CRB—computed using tree-ring-based reconstructions of the Palmer drought severity index—indicates that during some past centuries drought frequency was higher than during the twentieth century and that some centuries experienced droughts that were much longer than those during the twentieth century. More frequent or longer droughts than those that occurred during the twentieth century, combined with continued warming associated with climate change, may lead to substantial future water deficits in the CRB.
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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":219213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodhouse, Connie A.","contributorId":295950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Connie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McAfee, Stephanie A.","contributorId":295952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAfee","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Stephen T. 0000-0002-0959-3418 sgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-3418","contributorId":209851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Stephen","email":"sgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Csank, Adam","contributorId":295955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Csank","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70211651,"text":"70211651 - 2020 - Managing climate refugia for freshwater fishes under an expanding human footprint","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-06T18:47:55.209802","indexId":"70211651","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T08:42:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5993,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing climate refugia for freshwater fishes under an expanding human footprint","docAbstract":"Within the context of climate adaptation, the concept of climate refugia has emerged as a framework for addressing future threats to freshwater fish populations. We evaluated recent climate‐refugia management associated with water use and landscape modification by comparing efforts in the US states of Oregon and Massachusetts, for which there are contrasting resource use patterns. Using these examples, we discuss tools and principles that can be applied more broadly. Although many early efforts to identify climate refugia have focused on water temperature, substantial gains in evaluating other factors and processes regulating climate refugia (eg stream flow, groundwater availability) are facilitating refined mapping of refugia and assessment of their ecological value. Major challenges remain for incorporating climate refugia into water‐quality standards, evaluating trade‐offs among policy options, addressing multiple species’ needs, and planning for uncertainty. However, with a procedurally transparent and conceptually sound framework to build upon, recent efforts have revealed a promising path forward.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/fee.2206","usgsCitation":"Ebersole, J.L., Quinones, R.M., Clements, S., and Letcher, B., 2020, Managing climate refugia for freshwater fishes under an expanding human footprint: Frontiers in Ecology and Environment, v. 18, no. 5, p. 271-280, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2206.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-106631","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2206","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, 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\"}}]}","volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebersole, Joseph L.","contributorId":146938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebersole","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12657,"text":"EPA NEIC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinones, Rebecca M.","contributorId":172968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinones","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Shaun","contributorId":171685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clements","given":"Shaun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":169305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70212930,"text":"70212930 - 2020 - U-Pb Zircon ages from bedrock samples collected in the Tanacross D-1, and parts of the D-2, C-1, and C-2 quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T13:42:18.190445","indexId":"70212930","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T08:37:06","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6482,"text":"Preliminary Interpretive Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2020-2","title":"U-Pb Zircon ages from bedrock samples collected in the Tanacross D-1, and parts of the D-2, C-1, and C-2 quadrangles, Alaska","docAbstract":"This Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) Preliminary Interpretive Report presents U-Pb ages of zircons from 14 sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous samples collected during 2017 and 2018 field investigations in the northeastern Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska. The DGGS Northeast Tanacross project is a part of multi-year effort to investigate the geology and mineral-resource potential of the Yukon-Tanana Uplands region in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey. The purpose of the U-Pb isotopic study is to better understand the Devonian-to-Mississippian and Mesozoic-to-Early Paleogene episodes of magmatic and tectonic events within the Yukon-Tanana Uplands and the relationship of magmatism to the metallic mineral deposits.
This area is characterized by the presence of two Late Devonian to Mississippian metamorphic assemblages-Lake George and Fortymile River (Dusel-Bacon and others, 2006; Foster, 1970). Both assemblages are composed of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks that have been intruded by Devonian to Eocene intrusive rocks of varying composition and texture. Paleozoic intrusive rocks are deformed and metamorphosed and include prevalent Late Devonian-Early Mississippian augen orthogneiss, herein called the Divide Mountain suite, that was emplaced into and deformed together with the Lake George assemblage (Aleinikoff and others, 1986). The Fortymile River assemblage is primarily cross-cut by Mississippian to Permian intrusive rocks that are also pervasively deformed and metamorphosed. Following Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous regional metamorphism and deformation, all metamorphic rock packages were intruded by Mid- to Late-Cretaceous volcanic and plutonic rocks (Naibert and others, 2018), some of which have known or suspected potential for gold together with silver, zinc, copper, and lead mineralization.
Products included in this data release are: A summary of sample-collection methods, the laboratory report, analytical data tables, and associated metadata. All components of this data release are available on the DGGS website http://doi.org/10.14509/30465.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","doi":"10.14509/30465","usgsCitation":"Wypych, A., Jones, J.V., and O’Sullivan, P.B., 2020, U-Pb Zircon ages from bedrock samples collected in the Tanacross D-1, and parts of the D-2, C-1, and C-2 quadrangles, Alaska: Preliminary Interpretive Reports 2020-2, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/30465.","productDescription":"20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120142","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/30465","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanacross quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -143.28918457031247,\n 62.83007274089145\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 62.83007274089145\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 63.56567518468513\n ],\n [\n -143.28918457031247,\n 63.56567518468513\n ],\n [\n -143.28918457031247,\n 62.83007274089145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wypych, Alicja","contributorId":216040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wypych","given":"Alicja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39354,"text":"State of Alaska Department of Natural Resources DGGS Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":193544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70210432,"text":"70210432 - 2020 - Nanoscale molecular composition of solid bitumen from the Eagle Ford Group across a natural thermal maturity gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-05T13:38:13.450998","indexId":"70210432","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T08:05:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1513,"text":"Energy and Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nanoscale molecular composition of solid bitumen from the Eagle Ford Group across a natural thermal maturity gradient","docAbstract":"Microscopic solid bitumen is a petrographically defined secondary organic matter residue produced during petroleum generation and subsequent oil transformation. The presence of solid bitumen impacts many reservoir properties including porosity, permeability, and hydrocarbon generation and storage, among others. Furthermore, solid bitumen reflectance is an important parameter for assessing the thermal maturity of formations with little to no vitrinite. While the molecular composition of solid bitumen will strongly impact associated parameters such as the development of organic matter porosity, hydrocarbon generation, and optical reflectance, assessing the molecular composition of solid bitumen in situ within shale reservoirs can be challenging due to the small grain sizes (often ≤1 μm in diameter) and the inherent heterogeneity of shale formations. Here we employ the recently developed atomic force microscopy based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) technique to investigate solid bitumen molecular composition in situ within shale samples from the Late Cretaceous Eagle Ford Group. These samples possess sulfur-rich type II kerogens that span a natural thermal maturity gradient from early oil generation to the dry gas window. The application of AFM-IR allows for the rapid collection of thousands of compositional measurements from solid bitumen with ∼50 nm resolution. Our results indicate that (i) solid bitumen from the lower Eagle Ford displays both intra- and intergranular variation in the relative abundance of CH2, C═C, and C═O moieties present; (ii) this molecular variation tends to, but does not always, decrease with an increase in thermal maturity; and (iii) the solid bitumen composition between samples, from an atomic ratio perspective, is more similar than analysis of bulk kerogen isolates would indicate. These findings are discussed with perspective toward understanding the impact of thermal stress on the composition of secondary organic matter within the Eagle Ford Shale and highlight the growing awareness that organic matter heterogeneity within petroliferous mudrocks extends down to the nanoscale regime.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00963","usgsCitation":"Jubb, A., Birdwell, J.E., Hackley, P.C., Hatcherian, J.J., and Qu, J., 2020, Nanoscale molecular composition of solid bitumen from the Eagle Ford Group across a natural thermal maturity gradient: Energy and Fuels, v. 34, no. 7, p. 8167-8177, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00963.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"8167","endPage":"8177","ipdsId":"IP-117183","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00963","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGXS53","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nanoscale Molecular Composition of Solid Bitumen from the Eagle Ford Group Across a Natural Thermal Maturity Gradient"},{"id":375308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jubb, Aaron M. 0000-0001-6875-1079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-1079","contributorId":201978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jubb","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatcherian, Javin J. 0000-0001-9151-6798 jhatcherian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9151-6798","contributorId":195770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcherian","given":"Javin","email":"jhatcherian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qu, Jing","contributorId":219317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Jing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215642,"text":"70215642 - 2020 - Unexplained patterns of grey wolf Canis lupus natal dispersal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-27T12:16:01.362616","indexId":"70215642","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T06:53:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2651,"text":"Mammal Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unexplained patterns of grey wolf Canis lupus natal dispersal","docAbstract":"Natal dispersal (movement from the site of birth to the site of reproduction) is a pervasive but highly varied characteristic of life forms. Thus, understanding it in any species informs many aspects of biology, but studying it in most species is difficult. In the grey wolf Canis lupus, natal dispersal has been well studied. Maturing members of both sexes generally leave their natal packs, pair with opposite‐sex dispersers from other packs, near or far, select a territory, and produce their own offspring. However, three movement patterns of some natal‐dispersing wolves remain unexplained: 1) long‐distance dispersal when potential mates seem nearby, 2) round‐trip travels from their natal packs for varying periods and distances, also called extraterritorial movements, and often not resulting in pairing, and 3) coincidental dispersal by individual wolves from a given area in the same basic directions and over the same long distances. This perspective article documents and discusses these unexplained dispersal patterns, suggests possible explanations, and calls for additional research to understand them more clearly.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mam.12198","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2020, Unexplained patterns of grey wolf Canis lupus natal dispersal: Mammal Review, v. 50, no. 3, p. 314-323, https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12198.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"323","ipdsId":"IP-112039","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70229340,"text":"70229340 - 2020 - Fish predation on a landscape scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-04T12:50:54.554435","indexId":"70229340","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-01T06:43:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish predation on a landscape scale","docAbstract":"Predator–prey dynamics can have landscape-level impacts on ecosystems, and yet, spatial patterns and environmental predictors of predator–prey dynamics are often investigated at discrete locations, limiting our understanding of the broader impacts. At these broader scales, landscapes often contain multiple complex and heterogeneous habitats, requiring a spatially representative sampling design. This challenge is especially pronounced in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, where managers require information on the landscape-scale impacts of non-native fish predators on multiple imperiled native prey fish populations. We quantified relative predation risk in the southern half of the Delta (South Delta) in 2017 using floating baited tethers that record the exact time and location of predation events. We selected 20 study sites using a generalized random tessellation stratified survey design, which allowed us to infer relationships between key environmental covariates and predation across a broader spatial scale than previous studies. Covariates included distance-to-nearest predators, water temperature, turbidity, depth, bottom slope, bottom roughness, water velocity, and distance-to-nearest riverbank and nearest aquatic vegetation bed. Model selection determined the covariates that best predicted relative predation risk: water temperature, time of day, mean predator distance, and river bottom roughness. Using this model, we estimated predation risk for the South Delta landscape at a 1-day and 1-km resolution. This effort identified hot spots of predation risk and allowed us to generate predicted survival for migrating fish transiting the South Delta. This methodology can be applied to other systems to evaluate spatio-temporal dynamics in predation risk, and their biotic and abiotic predictors.
Despite decades of effort toward reducing nitrogen and phosphorus flux to Chesapeake Bay, water-quality and ecological responses in surface waters have been mixed. Recent research, however, provides useful insight into multiple factors complicating the understanding of nutrient trends in bay tributaries, which we review in this paper, as we approach a 2025 total maximum daily load (TMDL) management deadline. Improvements in water quality in many streams are attributable to management actions that reduced point sources and atmospheric nitrogen deposition and to changes in climate. Nutrient reductions expected from management actions, however, have not been fully realized in watershed streams. Nitrogen from urban nonpoint sources has declined, although water-quality responses to urbanization in individual streams vary depending on predevelopment land use. Evolving agriculture, the largest watershed source of nutrients, has likely contributed to local nutrient trends but has not affected substantial changes in flux to the bay. Changing average nitrogen yields from farmland underlain by carbonate rocks, however, may suggest future trends in other areas under similar management, climatic, or other influences, although drivers of these changes remain unclear. Regardless of upstream trends, phosphorus flux to the bay from its largest tributary has increased due to sediment infill in the Conowingo Reservoir. In general, recent research emphasizes the utility of input reductions over attempts to manage nutrient fate and transport at limiting nutrients in surface waters. Ongoing research opportunities include evaluating effects of climate change and conservation practices over time and space and developing tools to disentangle and evaluate multiple influences on regional water quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20101","usgsCitation":"Ator, S., Blomquist, J.D., Webber, J.S., and Chanat, J.G., 2020, Factors driving nutrient trends in streams of the Chesapeake Bay watershed: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 49, no. 4, p. 812-834, https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20101.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"834","ipdsId":"IP-112009","costCenters":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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-75.882568359375,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -75.618896484375,\n 37.640334898059486\n ],\n [\n -75.509033203125,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -75.38818359375,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -75.1904296875,\n 38.41916639395372\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ator, Scott 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":215458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. 0000-0002-0140-6534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-6534","contributorId":215461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webber, James S. 0000-0001-6636-1368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6636-1368","contributorId":222000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webber","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chanat, Jeffrey G. 0000-0002-3629-7307 jchanat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3629-7307","contributorId":5062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chanat","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jchanat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211676,"text":"70211676 - 2020 - Development and evaluation of an improved TFM formulation for use in feeder stream treatments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T17:46:31.983326","indexId":"70211676","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-31T11:43:47","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7568,"text":"Project Completion Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Development and evaluation of an improved TFM formulation for use in feeder stream treatments","docAbstract":"The binational Great Lakes Fishery Commission sponsored Sea Lamprey Control Program effectively utilizes a variety of lampricide tools to keep populations of parasitic sea lampreys in the Great Lakes at levels that do not cause undue economic or ecological damage. The most widely used toxicant used in lampricide formulations is 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM). In typical treatments, a liquid TFM formulation is applied to lamprey producing streams continuously for 10–14 hours to produce a moving block of lampricide-treated water that kills larval lamprey before they metamorphose into their parasitic lifestage. In many smaller tributaries of dendritic streams a solid bar formulation of TFM is used to supplement the mainstem treatment block. These supplemental TFM bar applications are coordinated with the arrival of the mainstem lampricide to prevent larval sea lamprey from seeking refuge in untreated waters and surviving the treatment. TFM bars are produced from formulated surfactants and designed to release TFM over an 8–10-hour period, depending on water temperature and velocity. However, some of the surfactants have been discontinued resulting in the reformulation of the TFM bars multiple times. As a result of these reformulations, TFM bar performance has declined.\n\nAn experimental surfactant-free solid TFM tablet formulation was developed as a potential replacement for TFM bars. Release of TFM from the experimental tablets was evaluated using replicated laboratory dissolution trials conducted at three water temperatures and three water velocities. A continuous-flow laboratory flume was used for the dissolution trials and the decay of the tablets was modeled using logistic decay curves. Time required for the TFM tablet to decay 50 and 99% were compared among the groups using a two-way analysis of variance. Post-hoc Tukey Honest Significant Difference tests indicated that both water temperature and water velocity influenced the decay of the tablet; however, neither water temperature or water velocity appeared to dramatically influence TFM release. Results from this laboratory study indicate that the next stage of evaluating the TFM tablets using field tests is warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Luoma, J.A., Robertson, N., Schloesser, N., Kirkeeng, C., Schueller, J., and Meulemans, E., 2020, Development and evaluation of an improved TFM formulation for use in feeder stream treatments: Project Completion Report, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118346","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382604,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/pdfs/research/reports/2018_LAN_76012.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, James A. 0000-0003-3556-0190 jluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-0190","contributorId":4449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"James","email":"jluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Nicholas","contributorId":237024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18886,"text":"Northland College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schloesser, Nicholas 0000-0002-3815-5302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-5302","contributorId":237025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirkeeng, Courtney A. 0000-0002-7141-1216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-1216","contributorId":237026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkeeng","given":"Courtney","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schueller, Justin R. 0000-0002-7102-3889","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-3889","contributorId":213527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schueller","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meulemans, Erica","contributorId":237027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meulemans","given":"Erica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18886,"text":"Northland College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70210727,"text":"70210727 - 2020 - Consequences of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) infections in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho salmon (O. kisutch ) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss )","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-19T15:09:34.065183","indexId":"70210727","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-31T10:02:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Consequences of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) infections in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho salmon (O. kisutch ) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss )","title":"Consequences of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) infections in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho salmon (O. kisutch ) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss )","docAbstract":"Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The virus has also been found in Pacific salmonids in western North America, raising concerns about the risk to native salmon and trout. Here, we report the results of laboratory challenges using juvenile Chinook salmon, coho salmon and rainbow trout injected with tissue homogenates from Atlantic salmon testing positive for PRV‐1 or with control material. Fish were sampled at intervals to assess viral RNA transcript levels, haematocrit, erythrocytic inclusions and histopathology. While PRV‐1 replicated in all species, there was negligible mortality in any group. We observed a few erythrocytic inclusion bodies in fish from the PRV‐1‐infected groups. At a few time points, haematocrits were significantly lower in the PRV‐1‐infected groups relative to controls, but in no case was anaemia noted. The most common histopathological finding was mild, focal myocarditis in both the non‐infected controls and PRV‐1‐infected fish. All cardiac lesions were judged mild, and none were consistent with those of HSMI. Together, these results suggest all three species are susceptible to PRV‐1 infection, but in no case did infection cause notable disease in these experiments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.13182","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M.K., Powers, R., Taksdal, T., Mckenney, D., Conway, C.M., Elliott, D.G., Polinski, M., Garver, K.A., and Winton, J., 2020, Consequences of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) infections in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho salmon (O. kisutch ) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss ): Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 43, no. 7, p. 719-728, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13182.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"728","ipdsId":"IP-113652","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456570,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HAD6D0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Laboratory exposure of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss) to a Pacific Canadian strain of piscine orthoreovirus genotype one (PRV-1)"},{"id":375777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Rachel L. 0000-0001-6901-4361","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-4361","contributorId":190182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Rachel L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taksdal, Torunn","contributorId":225423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taksdal","given":"Torunn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36770,"text":"Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mckenney, Douglas 0000-0003-3565-7670","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3565-7670","contributorId":220174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mckenney","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Polinski, Mark","contributorId":225424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polinski","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":12619,"text":"Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":149992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17880,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Winton, James 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":179330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70211207,"text":"70211207 - 2020 - Detrital record of the late Oligocene – Early Miocene mafic volcanic arc in the southern Patagonian Andes (~51 °S) from single-clast geochronology and trace element geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-20T12:45:37.322765","indexId":"70211207","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T13:15:18","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2304,"text":"Journal of Geodynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detrital record of the late Oligocene – Early Miocene mafic volcanic arc in the southern Patagonian Andes (~51 °S) from single-clast geochronology and trace element geochemistry","docAbstract":"Retroarc foreland basins are important archives of continental arc magmatism and upper plate deformational processes that control the evolution of continental lithosphere. However, resolving source areas in foreland basin infill dominated from mixed mafic and recycled sediment using conventional methods such as detrital zircon geochronology poses a challenge to thorough analysis due to lower zircon fertility and the higher susceptibility to weathering of mafic lithologies. Here, we integrate whole rock 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and major and trace element geochemistry data from volcanic clasts from the lower Miocene infill of the Magallanes-Austral Basin and local Sierra Baguales intrusive rocks to understand the distribution of mafic sources and Neogene changes in arc magmatism in between multiple ridge subduction events in the southern Patagonian Andes. Potential source areas for the coarse-grained mafic detritus include the Eocene plateau lavas, the Late Jurassic-Miocene Southern Patagonian batholith, and the Late Jurassic Sarmiento Ophiolitic Complex. Published detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra suggest that all three sources are viable contributors to the basin, though the paucity of Jurassic and Eocene zircons preclude these as major sources. Here, new 40Ar/39Ar dating of the volcanic clasts from the early Miocene Río Guillermo Formation reveals latest Oligocene to early Miocene eruptive ages (∼25-22 Ma), indicating syndepositional eruption with the ancestral Río Guillermo fluvial sedimentation. A single dated clast yields a Late Cretaceous age (∼102 Ma). The clasts are dominantly basaltic andesite with Ba/Ta ∼500-1000, La/Ta >20, and Ba/La >15, indicating an arc-derived melt source. We propose that the clasts record a Miocene mafic continental arc source area in the Patagonian Andes, which has since been removed by erosion and is thus sparsely represented in the batholith. Furthermore, we suggest that this early Miocene phase of arc volcanism, which postdates Eocene and Oligocene backarc magmatism and pre-dates middle Miocene to recent Chile Ridge backarc magmatism, reflects a return to normal arc volcanism along the Patagonian margin following a cessation due to ridge subduction and subsequent slab window migration. New geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar data from a basaltic dike in the Sierra Baguales, which crosscuts the Cenozoic stratigraphic section, records plateau magmatism ∼16 Ma associated with incipient Chile Ridge slab window volcanism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2020.101751","usgsCitation":"VanderLeest, R.A., Fosdick, J., Leonard, J.S., and Morgan, L.E., 2020, Detrital record of the late Oligocene – Early Miocene mafic volcanic arc in the southern Patagonian Andes (~51 °S) from single-clast geochronology and trace element geochemistry: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 138, 1001751, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2020.101751.","productDescription":"1001751, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113443","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2020.101751","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FN6J0L","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Argon data for Southern Patagonian Andes"},{"id":376475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina, Chile","otherGeospatial":"Patagonian Andes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.3984375,\n -56.75272287205735\n ],\n [\n -65.21484375,\n -56.75272287205735\n ],\n [\n -65.21484375,\n -39.368279149160124\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n -39.368279149160124\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n -56.75272287205735\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"138","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanderLeest, Rebecca A.","contributorId":229447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanderLeest","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fosdick, Julie C","contributorId":229448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fosdick","given":"Julie C","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leonard, Joel S","contributorId":229449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":41647,"text":"Arizona State University,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, Leah E. 0000-0001-9930-524X lemorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-524X","contributorId":176174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Leah","email":"lemorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211483,"text":"70211483 - 2020 - Examining the mechanisms of species responses to climate change: Are there biological thresholds?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T16:23:57.002172","indexId":"70211483","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T11:18:26","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Examining the mechanisms of species responses to climate change: Are there biological thresholds?","docAbstract":"Climate-change-driven shifts in distribution and abundance have been documented in many species. However, in order to better predict species responses, managers are seeking to understand the mechanisms that are driving these changes, including any thresholds that might soon be crossed. Leveraging the research that has already been supported by the Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center and its partners, this project used the latest modeling techniques combined with robust field data to examine the impact of specific climate variables, land use change, and species interactions on the future distribution and abundance of species of conservation concern. Moreover, this project documented biological thresholds related to climate variability and change for critical species in the Northeastern and Midwestern U.S. Specifically, our objectives were to identify the primary drivers (climate change vs. urban growth) of species distribution changes in the Northeast; examine the nature of species landscape capability change over time to identify potential thresholds; determine how changing temperatures and snowpack characteristics will drive species interactions; analyze the sensitivity of tree and bird responses to the magnitude, variability, periodicity, and seasonality of temperature and precipitation under climate change in the eastern U.S.; and identify how discrete climate triggers such as extreme events will correlate with known biological thresholds. Major outcomes included 1) refining the understanding of the mechanisms that drive projected changes in the distribution of vulnerable populations; and 2) improving how these results are conveyed to stakeholders by identifying understandable responses in the form of thresholds.","language":"English","publisher":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","usgsCitation":"DeLuca, W., Bonnot, T.W., Siren, A., Horton, R.M., Griffin, C.R., and Morelli, T.L., 2020, Examining the mechanisms of species responses to climate change: Are there biological thresholds?, 34 p.","productDescription":"34 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117230","costCenters":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":376805,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cascprojects.org/#/project/4f8c648de4b0546c0c397b43/57b35c6de4b03bcb01039665"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island. 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K.","contributorId":236810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siren","given":"Alexej P. 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Since 2008, federal, state, and provincial agencies and tribal and private organizations have collaborated on bat and white‐nose syndrome (WNS) surveillance and monitoring, research, and management programs. Accordingly, scientists and managers have learned a lot about the hosts, pathogen, and dynamics of WNS. However, effective mitigation measures to combat WNS remain elusive. Host–pathogen systems are complex, and identifying ecological research priorities to improve management, choosing among various actions, and deciding when to implement those actions can be challenging. Through a cross‐disciplinary approach, a group of diverse subject matter experts created an influence diagram used to identify uncertainties and prioritize research needs for WNS management. Critical knowledge gaps were identified, particularly with respect to how WNS dynamics and impacts may differ among bat species. We highlight critical uncertainties and identify targets for WNS research. This tool can be used to maximize the likelihood of achieving bat conservation goals within the context and limitations of specific real‐world scenarios.
The El Tatio geothermal field in the Chilean Altiplano contains hydrothermal silica sinter deposits overlaying glacial and volcanic units, providing an opportunity to constrain the timing of deglaciation and volcanic activity in an area with sparse absolute chronologies. We obtained 51 new radiocarbon ages and δ13C values on the organic material trapped in these sinter deposits. Based on the δ13C values, we exclude 29 samples for possible contamination with bacterial mats that incorporate old carbon. We infer that hydrothermal activity initiated ~27 ka ago and has been nearly continuous ever since. The ages of the oldest sinter deposits coincide with ages of moraines that stabilized after the most recent deglaciation. Whereas late Pleistocene sinters are broadly distributed in the field, Holocene deposits are found around active hydrothermal features. Although recent volcanism is absent in the vicinity of El Tatio, persistent hydrothermal discharge implies a long‐lived magmatic heat source.
","language":"English","publisher":"America Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL087908","usgsCitation":"Munoz Saez, C., Manga, M., Hurwitz, S., Salgter, S., Churchill, D., Reich, M., Damby, D., and Morata, D., 2020, Radiocarbon dating of silica sinter and postglacial hydrothermal activity in the El Tatio geyser field: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 11, e2020GL087908, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087908.","productDescription":"e2020GL087908, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107089","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl087908","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"El Tatio Geothermal Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.40087890624999,\n -22.938159639316396\n ],\n [\n -67.87353515625,\n -22.938159639316396\n ],\n [\n -67.87353515625,\n -22.271305748177625\n ],\n [\n -68.40087890624999,\n -22.271305748177625\n ],\n [\n -68.40087890624999,\n -22.938159639316396\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munoz Saez, Carolina","contributorId":225418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz Saez","given":"Carolina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37346,"text":"Universidad de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":199572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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2020 - Quantifying uncertainty for remote spectroscopy of surface composition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-02T13:35:00.39489","indexId":"70210388","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T08:15:42","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying uncertainty for remote spectroscopy of surface composition","docAbstract":"Remote surface measurements by imaging spectrometers play an important role in planetary and Earth science.\nTo make these measurements, investigators calibrate instrument data to absolute units, invert physical models to\nestimate atmospheric effects, and then determine surface properties from the spectral reflectance. This study\nquantifies the uncertainty in this process. Global missions demand predictive uncertainty models that can estimate\nfuture errors for varied environments and observing conditions. Here we validate uncertainty predictions\nwith remote surface composition retrievals and in situ measurements in a field analogue of Earth and planetary\nexploration. We consider rover transects at Cuprite, Nevada, and remote observations by NASA's Next-\nGeneration Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG). We show that accounting for input\nuncertainties can benefit mineral detection methods such as constrained spectrum fitting. This suggests that\noperational uncertainty estimates could improve future NASA missions like the Earth Mineral dust source\nInvesTigation (EMIT) and the Lunar Trailblazer mission, as well as NASA's Decadal Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Investigation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2020.111898","usgsCitation":"Thompson, D.R., Braverman, A., Brodrick, P., Candela, A., Carmon, N., Clark, R., Connelly, D., Green, R., Kokaly, R.F., Li, L., Mahowald, N., Miller, R.L., Okin, G.S., Painter, T., Swayze, G.A., Turmon, M., Susilouto, J., and Wettergreen, D., 2020, Quantifying uncertainty for remote spectroscopy of surface composition: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 247, 111898, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111898.","productDescription":"111898, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115408","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science 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H.","contributorId":225054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas H.","affiliations":[{"id":33607,"text":"University of California Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Turmon, Michael","contributorId":225055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turmon","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41027,"text":"NASA JPL/CalTech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Susilouto, Jouni","contributorId":225056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Susilouto","given":"Jouni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41027,"text":"NASA JPL/CalTech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Wettergreen, David","contributorId":225057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wettergreen","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12943,"text":"Carnegie Mellon University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70210695,"text":"70210695 - 2020 - Assessment of restorative maintenance practices on the infiltration capacity of permeable pavement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-17T13:18:52.619516","indexId":"70210695","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T08:12:56","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of restorative maintenance practices on the infiltration capacity of permeable pavement","docAbstract":"Permeable pavement has the potential to be an effective tool in managing stormwater runoff through retention of sediment and other contaminants associated with urban development. The infiltration capacity of permeable pavement declines as more sediment is captured, thereby reducing its ability to treat runoff. Regular restorative maintenance practices can alleviate this issue and prolong the useful life and benefits of the system. Maintenance practices used to restore the infiltration capacity of permeable pavement were evaluated on three surfaces: Permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Each of the three test plots received a similar volume of runoff and sediment load from an adjacent, impervious asphalt parking lot. Six different maintenance practices were evaluated over a four-year period: Hand-held pressure washer and vacuum, leaf blower and push broom, vacuum-assisted street cleaner, manual disturbance of PICP aggregate, pressure washing and vacuuming, and compressed air and vacuuming. Of the six practices tested, five were completed on PICP, four on PC, and two on PA. Nearly all forms of maintenance resulted in increased average surface infiltration rates. Increases ranged from 94% to 1703% for PICP, 5% to 169% for PC, and 16% to 40% for PA. Disruption of the aggregate between the joints of PICP, whether by simple hand tools or sophisticated machinery, resulted in significant (p ≤ 0.05) gains in infiltration capacity. Sediment penetrated into the solid matrix of the PC and PA, making maintenance practices using a high-pressure wash followed by high-suction vacuum the most effective for these permeable pavement types. In all instances, when the same maintenance practice was done on multiple surfaces, PICP showed the greatest recovery in infiltration capacity.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w12061563","usgsCitation":"Danz, M., Selbig, W.R., and Buer, N., 2020, Assessment of restorative maintenance practices on the infiltration capacity of permeable pavement: Water, v. 12, no. 6, 1563, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061563.","productDescription":"1563, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118229","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061563","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.51248168945312,\n 43.023725588820255\n ],\n [\n -89.30374145507812,\n 43.023725588820255\n ],\n [\n -89.30374145507812,\n 43.159112387154174\n ],\n [\n -89.51248168945312,\n 43.159112387154174\n ],\n [\n -89.51248168945312,\n 43.023725588820255\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danz, Mari 0000-0002-4716-0170 medanz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-0170","contributorId":219227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danz","given":"Mari","email":"medanz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selbig, William R. 0000-0003-1403-8280 wrselbig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-8280","contributorId":877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","email":"wrselbig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buer, Nicolas 0000-0002-4369-8715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-8715","contributorId":204808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buer","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211588,"text":"70211588 - 2020 - Trends in oyster populations in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An assessment of river discharge and fishing effects over time and space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-31T17:33:18.95725","indexId":"70211588","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T08:03:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in oyster populations in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An assessment of river discharge and fishing effects over time and space","docAbstract":"Within the Big Bend region of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, one of the least developed coastlines in the continental USA, intertidal and subtidal populations of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (hereafter referred to as “oyster”) are a critical ecosystem and important economic constituent. We assessed trends in intertidal oyster populations, river discharge, and commercial fishing activity in the Suwannee River estuary within the Big Bend region using fisheries‐independent data from irregular monitoring efforts and publicly available environmental data. We used generalized linear models to evaluate counts of oysters from line‐transect surveys over time and space. We assessed model performance using simulation to understand potential bias and then evaluated whether these counts were related to freshwater inputs from the Suwannee River and commercial oyster fishing effort and landings at different time lags. We found that intertidal oyster counts have declined over time and that most of these declines are found in inshore intertidal oyster bars, which are becoming degraded. We also found a significant relationship between oyster counts and a 1‐year lag on mean daily Suwannee River discharge, but including commercial fishery trips or landings did not improve model fit. It is unclear whether declines in intertidal oyster bars are offset by formation of new oyster reefs elsewhere. These results quantify rapid declines in intertidal oyster reefs in a region of coastline with high conservation value that can be used to inform ongoing and proposed restoration projects in the region.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10117","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.F., Pine, W.E., Frederick, P., Becker, S., Moreno, M., Dodrill, M., Boone, M., Sturmer, L., and Yurek, S., 2020, Trends in oyster populations in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An assessment of river discharge and fishing effects over time and space: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 12, no. 3, p. 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10117.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"204","ipdsId":"IP-114295","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456589,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10117","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.51943969726561,\n 28.9913248161703\n ],\n [\n -82.67898559570311,\n 28.9913248161703\n ],\n [\n -82.67898559570311,\n 29.684473609006847\n ],\n [\n -83.51943969726561,\n 29.684473609006847\n ],\n [\n -83.51943969726561,\n 28.9913248161703\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J. F","contributorId":236929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":47565,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pine, W. E","contributorId":236930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pine","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":47565,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frederick, P. C","contributorId":236931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frederick","given":"P. C","affiliations":[{"id":47565,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Becker, Sarah","contributorId":210890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moreno, Marcos","contributorId":195527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moreno","given":"Marcos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dodrill, Michael J. 0000-0002-7038-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-7170","contributorId":206439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodrill","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boone, Matthew","contributorId":202724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boone","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sturmer, L","contributorId":236932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturmer","given":"L","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47566,"text":"University of Florida Extension, Senatore George Kirkpatrick Marine Lab, 11350 SW 153rd Court, Cedar Key, FL 32625","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yurek, Simeon 0000-0002-6209-7915","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-7915","contributorId":216733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yurek","given":"Simeon","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70217880,"text":"70217880 - 2020 - Progress toward a preliminary karst depression density map for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T15:28:09.384114","indexId":"70217880","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T07:44:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Progress toward a preliminary karst depression density map for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Most methods for the assessment of sinkhole hazard susceptibility are predicated upon knowledge of pre-existing closed depressions in karst areas. In the United States (U.S.), inventories of existing karst depressions are piecemeal, and are often obtained through inconsistent methodologies applied at the state or county level and at various scales. Here, we present a first attempt at defining a karst closed depression inventory across the conterminous U.S. using a common methodology. Automated algorithms for extraction of closed depressions from 1/3 arc-second (approximately 10 m resolution) National Elevation Dataset (NED) were run on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) “Yeti” high-performance computing cluster. The full NED was first conditioned to reduce the creation of artificial closed depressions by breaching digital dams at road and stream crossings, using the flowlines and transportation route vectors from the USGS National Map. The resulting depressions were selected according to location within geologic units having the potential for karst, and screened for occurrence in areas of developed land, open water and wetlands, and areas of glacial and alluvial sediment cover. The results were used as the input to create a nationwide depression density map. Our results were compared with karst depression density maps for diverse karst regions within states that have existing closed depression inventories. The individual state-scale maps compared favorably to the results obtained from the method applied universally across the nation and illustrated regional sinkhole hotspots in known areas of well-developed karst. Limitations of the automated method includes false positive depressions resulting from artifacts generated during the computer processing of the elevation models, and inclusion of depressions resulting from non-karst geomorphic processes. More thorough examination of the screening criteria for depressions is required.
Predicting the success of future investments in coastal and estuarine ecosystem restorations is limited by scarce data quantifying sediment budgets and transport processes of prior restorations. This study provides detailed analyses of the hydrodynamics and sediment fluxes of a recently restored U.S. Pacific Northwest estuary, a 61 ha former agricultural area near the mouth of the Stillaguamish River in Washington, USA. Water level, flow velocity, and suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) were measured between 21 March 2014 and 1 June 2015 at breaches excavated in the former flood-protection levee to determine transport patterns and the net sediment budget of the restoration area. SSC within the restoration area was primarily controlled by SSC variability of the nearby main stem Stillaguamish, but coastal processes also played a major role in sediment delivery. Fluvial sediment loading was dominated by runoff events associated with rainfall that lasted hours to a few days. Additionally, the 22 March 2014 SR 530 (Oso) landslide elevated sediment supply to the restoration area and coastal region for several weeks, indicating the importance of distal geomorphic events to coastal sediment budgets in small mountainous river systems. Sediment fluxes were controlled by river SSC and tidal dynamics, which set the quantity of water transported into the restoration area. Peak water discharge at the restoration area was about 12% of the river discharge, and peak sediment flux at the restoration area was about 5% of the river sediment discharge, although net sediment import was <1% of the total river load. Although sediment was imported to the restoration area, and inferred rates of accretion appear sufficient to keep pace with present rates of local sea-level rise, full recovery is challenged by significant lost grade from historical subsidence and will likely take decades to centuries. These results have implications for estuary restoration planning globally and indicate the importance of understanding coupled fluvial–coastal processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106869","usgsCitation":"Nowacki, D.J., and Grossman, E.E., 2020, Sediment transport in a restored, river-influenced Pacific Northwest estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 242, 106869, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106869.","productDescription":"106869, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117166","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106869","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RK8H7X","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Oceanographic measurements collected in the Stillaguamish River Delta, Port Susan, Washington, USA from March 2014 to July 2015"},{"id":375454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.86148071289061,\n 47.814076743593624\n ],\n [\n -122.16110229492186,\n 47.814076743593624\n ],\n [\n -122.16110229492186,\n 48.438312142641244\n ],\n [\n -122.86148071289061,\n 48.438312142641244\n ],\n [\n -122.86148071289061,\n 47.814076743593624\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"242","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowacki, Daniel J. 0000-0002-7015-3710 dnowacki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-3710","contributorId":174586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowacki","given":"Daniel","email":"dnowacki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":790572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grossman, Eric E. 0000-0003-0269-6307 egrossman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-6307","contributorId":196610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric","email":"egrossman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210393,"text":"70210393 - 2020 - Temporal and spatial variability of shallow soil moisture across four planar hillslopes on a tropical ocean island, San Cristóbal, Galápagos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-02T12:30:23.389907","indexId":"70210393","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-30T07:23:05","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial variability of shallow soil moisture across four planar hillslopes on a tropical ocean island, San Cristóbal, Galápagos","docAbstract":"Study Region: This paper provides a summary of findings from temporal and spatial studies of soil water content on planar hillslopes across the equatorial island of San Cristóbal, Galápagos (Ecuador). \nStudy Focus: Soil water content (SWC) was measured to generate temporal and spatial records to determine seasonal variation and to investigate how the behavior of surface and near-surface root-zone soil water may support island-wide hydrogeology models. SWC probes were installed at four weather stations in a climosequence to generate a temporal record and spatial surveys of shallow SWC across the selected sites were completed during wet and dry seasons. Temporal differences in SWC were driven by seasonal variations in rainfall and evapotranspiration, while spatial variability remained high during both wet and dry seasons. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity determined by mini-disk infiltrometers was highly variable across the slopes, as were other hydrologic variables. \nNew Hydrological Insights for the Region: The high heterogeneity of soil water and hydrologic characteristics provides a means to explain why little runoff is observed at the study sites: soils do not saturate uniformly across hillslopes, allowing for runoff generated in one part of the hillslope to be conducted into the soil in adjacent parts of the hillslope. The lack of connected surface runoff helps explain how water enters the groundwater system of the island.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100692","usgsCitation":"Percy, M.S., Riveros-Iregui, D.A., Mirus, B.B., and Benninger, L.K., 2020, Temporal and spatial variability of shallow soil moisture across four planar hillslopes on a tropical ocean island, San Cristóbal, Galápagos: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 30, 100692, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100692.","productDescription":"100692, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118110","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100692","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Galápagos","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.52685546875,\n -1.7026302136023004\n ],\n [\n -88.868408203125,\n -1.7026302136023004\n ],\n [\n -88.868408203125,\n 1.2852925793638545\n ],\n [\n -92.52685546875,\n 1.2852925793638545\n ],\n [\n -92.52685546875,\n -1.7026302136023004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Percy, Madelyn S.","contributorId":225062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Percy","given":"Madelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":41033,"text":"UNC Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riveros-Iregui, Diego A.","contributorId":225063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riveros-Iregui","given":"Diego","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41033,"text":"UNC Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benninger, Larry K.","contributorId":225064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benninger","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":41033,"text":"UNC Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}