Ground-water mining, the progressive depletion of storage in a ground-water reservoir, has been going on for several years in some areas, chiefly in the Southwestern States. In some of these States a water right is based on ownership of land overlying the ground-water reservoir and does not depend upon putting the water to use; in some States a right is based upon priority of appropriation and use and may be forfeited if the water is allowed to go unused for a specified period, but ownership of land is not essential; and in several States both these doctrines or modifications thereof are accepted, and each applies to certain classes of water or to certain conditions of development.
Experience to date indicates that a cure for ground-water mining does not necessarily depend upon the water-rights doctrine that is accepted in the area. Indeed, some recent court decisions have incorporated both the areal factor of the landownership doctrines and the time factor of the appropriation doctrine. Overdraft can be eliminated if water is available from another source to replace some of the water taken from the affected aquifer. In areas where no alternate source of supply is available at reasonable cost, public opinion so far appears to favor treating ground water as a nonrenewable resource comparable to petroleum and metals, and mining it until the supply is exhausted, rather than curbing the withdrawals at an earlier date.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir347","usgsCitation":"Thomas, H.E., 1955, Water rights in areas of ground-water mining: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 347, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir347.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1955/0347/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30374,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1955/0347/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a897","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Harold E.","contributorId":36116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71579,"text":"tei555 - 1955 - The determination of uranium in ores: separation by ethyl acetate extraction and spectrophotometric determination by the thiocyanate method in acetone-water medium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:46","indexId":"tei555","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"555","title":"The determination of uranium in ores: separation by ethyl acetate extraction and spectrophotometric determination by the thiocyanate method in acetone-water medium","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tei555","usgsCitation":"Feinstein, H., 1955, The determination of uranium in ores: separation by ethyl acetate extraction and spectrophotometric determination by the thiocyanate method in acetone-water medium: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 555, 16 p., 2 fig., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei555.","productDescription":"16 p., 2 fig.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/555/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":90854,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/555/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6685df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feinstein, H.I.","contributorId":61102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14490,"text":"ofr5584 - 1955 - Cowboy tungsten property, Pine Grove Hills, Lyon County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:04","indexId":"ofr5584","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-84","title":"Cowboy tungsten property, Pine Grove Hills, Lyon County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr5584","usgsCitation":"Klepper, M.R., 1955, Cowboy tungsten property, Pine Grove Hills, Lyon County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-84, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5584.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43184,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0084/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43185,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6837e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klepper, Montis Ruhl","contributorId":27431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klepper","given":"Montis","email":"","middleInitial":"Ruhl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":59109,"text":"mf24 - 1955 - Preliminary geologic map of the Uravan quadrangle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-19T12:34:17","indexId":"mf24","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"24","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Uravan quadrangle, Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf24","usgsCitation":"Cater, F.W., and McKay, E.J., 1955, Preliminary geologic map of the Uravan quadrangle, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 24, 26.36 x 31.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf24.","productDescription":"26.36 x 31.51 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0024/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0024/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Uravan Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.75,38.25 ], [ -108.75,38.3675 ], [ -108.61749999999999,38.3675 ], [ -108.61749999999999,38.25 ], [ -108.75,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cater, Fred W. Jr.","contributorId":36988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cater","given":"Fred","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKay, E. J.","contributorId":57040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":15578,"text":"ofr55144 - 1955 - Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15578,"text":"ofr55144 - 1955 - Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping","indexId":"ofr55144","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":35561,"text":"b1043A - 1956 - Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping","indexId":"b1043A","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":35561,"text":"b1043A - 1956 - Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping","indexId":"b1043A","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T19:07:41.954512","indexId":"ofr55144","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-144","title":"Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping","docAbstract":"In the past few years increasing use has been made of aerial photographs for geologic interpretation and mapping within the U.S. Geological Survey. As a specialized technique in interpretation and mapping, however, photogeologic procedures were extensively used (1947-1953) in the Survey's geologic mapping of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 in northern Alaska and in mapping part of the Colorado Plateau of western United States, principally in Utah (1951-present). Photogeologic work was performed by a specialized group of geologists that was organized as the Photogeology Section in June 1953. This group has more recently made studies of northeastern Utah, southern and southeastern Alaska, and central Alaska. Various photogeologic procedures have been used in these studies; some procedures have been modified, and new ones have been developed. It is primarily the purpose of this paper to discuss these procedures. Photogeologic procedures or techniques used outside the Geological Survey are not discussed herein.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr55144","usgsCitation":"Ray, R.G., 1955, Photogeologic procedures in geologic interpretation and mapping: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-144, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr55144.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418975,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0144/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147759,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0144/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n 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J.","contributorId":57040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":59100,"text":"mf32 - 1955 - Preliminary geologic map of the Calamity Mesa quadrangle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T10:27:38","indexId":"mf32","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"32","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Calamity Mesa quadrangle, Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf32","usgsCitation":"Cater, F.W., 1955, Preliminary geologic map of the Calamity Mesa quadrangle, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 32, 24.41 x 31.65 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf32.","productDescription":"24.41 x 31.65 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358469,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0032/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0032/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Calamity Mesa Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.86749999999999,38.5 ], [ -108.86749999999999,38.6175 ], [ -108.75,38.6175 ], [ -108.75,38.5 ], [ -108.86749999999999,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f97b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cater, Fred W. Jr.","contributorId":36988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cater","given":"Fred","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15759,"text":"ofr55158 - 1955 - Geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15759,"text":"ofr55158 - 1955 - Geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska","indexId":"ofr55158","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":35717,"text":"b1024H - 1957 - A geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska","indexId":"b1024H","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"A geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":35717,"text":"b1024H - 1957 - A geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska","indexId":"b1024H","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"A geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-14T19:06:24.911348","indexId":"ofr55158","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-158","title":"Geochemical exploration for antimony in southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"Preliminary geochemical prospecting by the Geological Survey was carried out in 1952 in muskeg-covered ground at Caamano Point, Cleveland Peninsula, Alaska, in an effort to delimit areas of stibnite concentrations. It was conducted to aid, if possible, a prospecting project of the Defense Minerals Exploration. Samples were collected from soil and decomposed limestone-and-schist bedrock at depths ranging from 18 inches to 60 inches, by means of a pipe with an interior plunger.
Initial sampling was followed by detailed sampling of the areas where the antimony content of the soils consistently averaged more than 300 ppm. These Areas of major soil concentrations were prospected by surface trenching and percussion drilling to depths of 20 feet which proved the existence of stibnite ore. Next a shaft and drifts made in the most favorable area proved disseminated stibnite ore to depths of 60 feet.
This geochemical work of soil sampling to indicate hidden ore bodies in a typical Alaskan muskeg area is believed to be the first application in Alaska of such techniques in active ore exploration. The results show the economic feasibility of such exploration as a first step in extending the known boundaries of mineralized areas, and in directing initial exploration toward the most favorable areas of near-surface ore bodies.
Data are presented to help establish values of soil content of antimony that may be considered as normal in this type of geologic terrain.
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It includes the contents of references 6, 16, and 18 of Virginia Division of Geology Mineral Resources Circular No. 2, dealing with the geology and groundwater resources of the Eastern Shore peninsula.
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G.","contributorId":70751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":16156,"text":"ofr55176 - 1955 - Geologic maps and sections of the Nevada Scheelite mine, Regent district, Mineral County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:13","indexId":"ofr55176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-176","title":"Geologic maps and sections of the Nevada Scheelite mine, Regent district, Mineral County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr55176","usgsCitation":"Stopper, R.F., and Krauskopf, K.B., 1955, Geologic maps and sections of the Nevada Scheelite mine, Regent district, Mineral County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-176, 3 folded paltes :maps ;30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr55176.","productDescription":"3 folded paltes :maps ;30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":45077,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45078,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45079,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45080,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45081,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45082,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0176/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68861b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stopper, Robert F.","contributorId":10818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stopper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauskopf, Konrad Bates","contributorId":65869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauskopf","given":"Konrad","email":"","middleInitial":"Bates","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16559,"text":"ofr55198 - 1955 - Preliminary geologic evaluation of the Chena area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T19:57:39.053257","indexId":"ofr55198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-198","title":"Preliminary geologic evaluation of the Chena area, Alaska","docAbstract":"It seems fitting at this session of the Alaska Science Conference, the first to be held in the Fairbanks area, to give a preliminary summary of the practical results of a geologic investigation of the Chena area east of Fairbanks. 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