An atomic absorption spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of seven metal ions in the hydroxylamine extract of soils and sediments. Mn, Fe, and Zn are directly determined in the aqueous extract upon dilution. Co, Ni, Cu, and Pb in a separate aliquot of the extract are chelated with APDC (ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate) and extracted into MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) before determination. Data are presented to show the quantitative recovery of microgram levels of Co, Ni, Cu, and Pb by APDC-MIBK chelation-extraction from synthetic solutions containing as much as 2,000 ug/ml (micrograms per milliliter) Mn or 50 ug/ml Fe. Recovery of known amounts of the metal ions from sample solutions is equally satisfactory. Reproducible results are obtained by replicate analyses of two sediment samples for the seven metals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Chao, T.T., and Sanzolone, R.F., 1973, Atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of microgram levels of Co, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil and sediment extracts containing large amounts of Mn and Fe: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 6, p. 681-685.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"685","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314179,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e03ce4b039675d005def","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162011,"text":"70162011 - 1973 - Archaeocycas and Phasmatocycas - new genera of Permian cycads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-11T14:45:44","indexId":"70162011","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Archaeocycas and Phasmatocycas - new genera of Permian cycads","docAbstract":"The generic names Archaeocycas and Phasmatocycas are introduced for two previously announced but unnamed new genera of Early Permian plants; these taxa are regarded as early stages in the cycadean lineage. The names arc formalized with diagnoses, illustrations, and type designations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Mamay, S.H., 1973, Archaeocycas and Phasmatocycas - new genera of Permian cycads: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 6, p. 687-689.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"687","endPage":"689","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314181,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e03ce4b039675d005dec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mamay, Sergius H.","contributorId":103263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mamay","given":"Sergius","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162052,"text":"70162052 - 1973 - Fluorescent spectroscopy, a technique for characterizing surface films","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T14:28:47","indexId":"70162052","displayToPublicDate":"1973-11-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluorescent spectroscopy, a technique for characterizing surface films","docAbstract":"A relationship is established between fluorescent spectra obtained by using a light path through the liquid solution and the fluorescent spectra obtained by a direct reading of surface reflection (remote sensing). A brief review of quantum fundamentals provides the necessary information to conclude that \"see-through\" and reflectance spectra are identical in wavelength response. Many floating films contain fluorescent materials; thus fluorescent spectroscopic techniques were used to obtain the fluorescent spectra of lube oil, crude oil, and
lignosulfonie acid in an effort to detect, identify, and quantify these representative fluorescent materials in water solutions. For each material tested the emission maximum was established. The emission maximum was then held constant while the absorption spectrum was recorded and the absorption maximum established. The complete spectral curves are presented.
Stevens Type F water-level recorders have been modified to measure changes in the distance between two points, with amplification of up to 10 times. Such recorders are capable of measuring strains of 10-5 and possibly 10-6 over 10-m distances when corrections are made for frictional effects and temperature. In two field experiments, one on Kilauea Volcano in Hawaii, and the other on the San Andreas fault in central California, measurements by the recorders agree well with those by several different methods for the same episodes of ground deformation. Equipment for the entire system costs about $300 and requires 1 to 2 man-days for installation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Duffield, W.A., and Burford, R.O., 1973, An accurate Invar-wire extensometer: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 5, p. 569-577.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"569","endPage":"577","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"1","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91ade4b0518e354dd11b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duffield, W. A.","contributorId":71935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010110,"text":"70010110 - 1973 - Earthquake-induced structures in sediments of Van Norman Lake, San Fernando, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:39:06.859742","indexId":"70010110","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake-induced structures in sediments of Van Norman Lake, San Fernando, California","docAbstract":"The 9 February 1971 earthquake in the San Fernando Valley damaged the Lower Van Norman Dam severely enough to warrant draining the reservoir. In March 1972 the sediment deposited on the reservoir floor was examined to determine whether the 1971 earthquake had induced sediment deformation and, if so, what types. A zone of deformational structures characterized by small-scale loads and slightly recumbent folds associated with the 1971 earthquake was discovered, in addition to two older zones of load structures. Each of the zones has been tentatively correlated with an historic earthquake.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.182.4108.161","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Sims, J., 1973, Earthquake-induced structures in sediments of Van Norman Lake, San Fernando, California: Science, v. 182, no. 4108, p. 161-163, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.182.4108.161.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"163","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218703,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Fernando Valley, Van Normam Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.55700000466528,\n 34.35434419754853\n ],\n [\n -118.55700000466528,\n 34.164579271613164\n ],\n [\n -118.2733799003263,\n 34.164579271613164\n ],\n [\n -118.2733799003263,\n 34.35434419754853\n ],\n [\n -118.55700000466528,\n 34.35434419754853\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","issue":"4108","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a050be4b0c8380cd50c29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sims, J.D.","contributorId":9230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sims","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222227,"text":"5222227 - 1973 - Summer behavior of immature radio-equipped woodcock in central Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T16:06:08.883068","indexId":"5222227","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer behavior of immature radio-equipped woodcock in central Maine","docAbstract":"The behavior of 15 immature American woodcock (Philohela minor) was studied in central Maine during the summers of 1969 and 1970 using radiotelemetry. The monitored birds used a variety of nocturnal sites including old fields, bogs, powerlines, highway medians, woods roads, and fore clearings. Old fields were occupied more often than any other type of opening. Second growth-hardwoods, alders, hardwood-conifers, and conifers were utilized as diurnal cover. Diurnal locations of radio-equipped woodcock averaged 15 m from major breaks in the forest canopy. Four birds were monitored continuously during the day and night to determine periods of activity. Although the birds were active throughout the day, very little activity was recorded after they moved to nocturnal sites. No apparent difference was found in the daily patterns of movement between immature male and female woodcock. Crepuscular movements between diurnal covers and nocturnal areas averaged 332 m. A composite summer range for the 15 woodcock during 183 woodcock-days was 1060 hectares. The data suggest that immature woodcock are quite mobile during the summer and utilize most of the forest openings occurring within 1-3 km of good nesting habitat. Most of these openings are also used for singing grounds by males in the spring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800309","usgsCitation":"Dunford, R., and Owen, R., 1973, Summer behavior of immature radio-equipped woodcock in central Maine: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 37, no. 4, p. 462-469, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800309.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"462","endPage":"469","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"central Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.77637162732846,\n 45.007629838049155\n ],\n [\n -68.77637162732846,\n 44.94640251706676\n ],\n [\n -68.65385775672124,\n 44.94640251706676\n ],\n [\n -68.65385775672124,\n 45.007629838049155\n ],\n [\n -68.77637162732846,\n 45.007629838049155\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunford, R.D.","contributorId":76424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunford","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen, Ray B.","contributorId":42670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"Ray B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001687,"text":"1001687 - 1973 - Land use and prairie grouse population relationships in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T16:23:00.927624","indexId":"1001687","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land use and prairie grouse population relationships in North Dakota","docAbstract":"The relationship between prairie grouse and land use was studied during the period 1964-71. Prairie chickens (Tympanuchus cupido) declined from 48 males in 1964 to none in 1971. Sharp-tailed grouse (Pedioecetes phasianellus) declined from 166 males in 1964 to 57 in 1971. These declines were related to the decline in vigor and eventual loss of Soil Bank habitat on the study area. Two new courtship grounds, established near fields recently retired under the Cropland Adjustment Program, were used by 44 percent of the male sharp-tailed grouse population in 1971. Hay lands on the study area did not support prairie grouse. Pasture lands were of no apparent value to prairie chickens and of limited value to sharp-tailed grouse. Management for prairie grouse should be directed toward developing and maintaining vigorous grass-forb communities on retired croplands and native prairie.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800307","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, L., Klett, A., and Miller, H., 1973, Land use and prairie grouse population relationships in North Dakota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 37, no. 4, p. 449-453, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800307.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"449","endPage":"453","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489803,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3800307","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129238,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Stutsman County","otherGeospatial":"Kensal Township, Nogosek Township","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-99.2669,47.3268],[-98.8466,47.327],[-98.8392,47.327],[-98.8232,47.3272],[-98.8152,47.3271],[-98.4991,47.327],[-98.467,47.3266],[-98.4677,47.2402],[-98.4685,46.9788],[-98.4412,46.9789],[-98.4396,46.6296],[-98.7894,46.6294],[-99.0379,46.6309],[-99.1616,46.6317],[-99.4122,46.6316],[-99.4498,46.6319],[-99.4477,46.8044],[-99.4476,46.9788],[-99.4821,46.9795],[-99.4824,47.0089],[-99.4822,47.0162],[-99.4821,47.0249],[-99.4826,47.0396],[-99.4827,47.1558],[-99.4801,47.3267],[-99.2669,47.3268]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Stutsman\",\"state\":\"ND\"}}]}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae00f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, L.M.","contributorId":43701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klett, Albert T.","contributorId":34857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Albert","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, H.W.","contributorId":102825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241805,"text":"70241805 - 1973 - Karst hydrology: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T01:07:32.82577","indexId":"70241805","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T20:02:28","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Karst hydrology: A review","docAbstract":"Karst regions of the world are characterized by limestones and other soluble rocks at or near land surface that have been modified by solutional erosion. Such surface features as sinks, long dry valleys, sparse streams, and bare rock and such subsurface features as caverns, arterial solution openings leading to large springs, and a deep water table are typical of karst terranes. These features result in an uneven distribution of permeability in karst systems and surface and subsurface hydrologic conditions that require special hydrogeologic studies. Local high permeability at shallow depth in mature karst regions leads to an ecology associated with a soilless and water-scarce surface environment. Many practical problems result from this high permeability, including: (1) scarcity and poor predictability of groundwater supplies; (2) scarcity of surface-water supplies; (3) instability of the ground; (4) leakage of surface reservoirs; and (5) an unreliable waste-disposal environment.
Interest in karst hydrology has increased greatly in the past decade; this interest has resulted in the international exchange of numerous published reports on local areas and on special topical karst problems. Many of these reports have been used by the authors in preparing this paper, which synthesizes results of many workers and focuses attention on: (1) the development of karst features through hydrologic processes; and (2) hydrologic systems of karst terranes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(73)90034-6","usgsCitation":"LeGrand, H.E., and Stringfield, V.T., 1973, Karst hydrology: A review: Journal of Hydrology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 97-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(73)90034-6.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeGrand, H. E.","contributorId":54571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeGrand","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stringfield, V. T.","contributorId":72369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241587,"text":"70241587 - 1973 - Ophiolites in the earth's crust: A symposium, field excursions, and cultural exchange in the USSR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T19:46:33.381239","indexId":"70241587","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T14:34:22","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ophiolites in the earth's crust: A symposium, field excursions, and cultural exchange in the USSR","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<51:OITECA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Coleman, R.G., 1973, Ophiolites in the earth's crust: A symposium, field excursions, and cultural exchange in the USSR: Geology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 51-54, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<51:OITECA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan","otherGeospatial":"Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 45.90623341840623,\n 48.38558246328847\n ],\n [\n 45.90623341840623,\n 34.7100629338011\n ],\n [\n 70.8940370232086,\n 34.7100629338011\n ],\n [\n 70.8940370232086,\n 48.38558246328847\n ],\n [\n 45.90623341840623,\n 48.38558246328847\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, Robert G.","contributorId":88022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241798,"text":"70241798 - 1973 - Water projects design with inadequate data: Madrid, Spain June 4-9, 1973","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T19:26:34.812407","indexId":"70241798","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T14:14:18","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water projects design with inadequate data: Madrid, Spain June 4-9, 1973","docAbstract":"The Symposium on the Design of Water Resources Projects with Inadequate Data drew 300 participants, representing more than 60 countries. The symposium was planned within the framework of the International Hydrological Decade and was convened by Unesco and WMO. Organization of the symposium was carried out by Unesco and the Spanish National Committee for the IHD in cooperation with WMO and the IAHS. These organizations are to be commended for their efforts toward ensuring the success of the symposium. The efforts of the Spanish National Committee, which handled the many local arrangements, are especially appreciated.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO054i010p00935","usgsCitation":"James, I.C., 1973, Water projects design with inadequate data: Madrid, Spain June 4-9, 1973: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 54, no. 10, p. 935-937, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO054i010p00935.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"935","endPage":"937","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","city":"Madrid","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -4.1871958434214775,\n 40.771923696141556\n ],\n [\n -4.1871958434214775,\n 40.16065710816625\n ],\n [\n -3.2646880802895453,\n 40.16065710816625\n ],\n [\n -3.2646880802895453,\n 40.771923696141556\n ],\n [\n -4.1871958434214775,\n 40.771923696141556\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, I. C. II","contributorId":79177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"I.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241835,"text":"70241835 - 1973 - Fusion Relations in the System NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8-KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O and Generation of Granitic Magmas in the Sierra Nevada Batholith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T18:42:26.611793","indexId":"70241835","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T13:34:24","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fusion Relations in the System NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8-KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O and Generation of Granitic Magmas in the Sierra Nevada Batholith","title":"Fusion Relations in the System NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8-KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O and Generation of Granitic Magmas in the Sierra Nevada Batholith","docAbstract":"Chemical analyses of 167 typical specimens indicate that about 95 percent of the intrusive rocks of the central Sierra Nevada contain more than 79 percent normative Ab + An + Or + Qz. If the composition of the lower continental crust is similar to or slightly more felsic than andesite, as seems likely, the system NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8-KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O provides an excellent chemical model for testing various schemes of fusion of the lower crust and crystallization of the resulting magmas. From consideration of this system in conjunction with field and petrographic data, we conclude that the intrusive rocks are best explained by repeated episodes of equilibrium fusion corresponding to magmatic sequences defined by field, petrologic, chemical, and geochronologic data. Fractional crystallization of the crystal-liquid mush generated by equilibrium fusion, coupled with periodic upward or lateral movement of the less crystallized central part of the magma, would produce the characteristic mafic to felsic sequence of intrusion; each mafic to felsic sequence corresponds to a separate equilibrium fusion event. In contrast, a close approach to fractional fusion of the lower crust is inadequate for obtaining most of the plutonic rocks, because rock compositions capable of being produced by this process do not match those observed. Normal amounts of conductive heat from the mantle and from radioactive decay in the crust may have been capable of causing fusion in the deepest parts of a thickened crust under the central part of the Sierra Nevada without the aid of a transient heat source from the mantle, but would have been inadequate where the crust was thin in the western Sierra Nevada. However, upward transport of andesitic and basaltic magmas generated along a Mesozoic subduction zone dipping beneath the Sierra Nevada would have provided sufficient additional heat to make fusion of the lower crust unavoidable. This implies that a major portion of the present batholith must have been derived from the lower crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3181:FRITSN>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Presnall, D.C., and Bateman, P.C., 1973, Fusion Relations in the System NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8-KAlSi3O8-SiO2-H2O and Generation of Granitic Magmas in the Sierra Nevada Batholith: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 10, p. 3181-3201, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3181:FRITSN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"3181","endPage":"3201","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.82025968143948,\n 35.24326084638287\n ],\n [\n -118.85804985053483,\n 35.09271504206025\n ],\n [\n -118.41401536367508,\n 34.87598259909346\n ],\n [\n -117.68655460860712,\n 35.262601864026706\n ],\n [\n -117.22362503720022,\n 35.04632068627053\n ],\n [\n -116.42058394394306,\n 35.239456391314434\n ],\n [\n -115.7592559847903,\n 35.632029320479035\n ],\n [\n -115.90096911889441,\n 36.01504231133271\n ],\n [\n -118.41401536367496,\n 37.9133018912424\n ],\n [\n -119.99175492336838,\n 39.015472729729\n ],\n [\n -119.91617458517948,\n 40.10072924991488\n ],\n [\n -120.3885516988598,\n 40.62622016060595\n ],\n [\n -120.77590093207807,\n 40.94810975435476\n ],\n [\n -121.44667643350454,\n 41.069306243226436\n ],\n [\n -122.02297651219467,\n 40.76947482076346\n ],\n [\n -121.8907109203643,\n 40.4826575628239\n ],\n [\n -122.07966176583642,\n 40.187392575000075\n ],\n [\n -121.16325016529608,\n 38.868510121499924\n ],\n [\n -120.90816652390757,\n 38.18856618033129\n ],\n [\n -120.13346805747159,\n 37.344654210268814\n ],\n [\n -119.31153187966729,\n 36.582240592599646\n ],\n [\n -118.92418264644928,\n 35.99588250525595\n ],\n [\n -118.82025968143948,\n 35.24326084638287\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presnall, Dean C.","contributorId":299499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Presnall","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bateman, P. C.","contributorId":27851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241825,"text":"70241825 - 1973 - Potassium-argon ages of lavas from the Hawi and Pololu Volcanic Series, Kohala Volcano, Hawaii: Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T15:57:44.944593","indexId":"70241825","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T10:46:35","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potassium-argon ages of lavas from the Hawi and Pololu Volcanic Series, Kohala Volcano, Hawaii: Reply","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3485:PAOLFT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McDougall, I., and Swanson, D., 1973, Potassium-argon ages of lavas from the Hawi and Pololu Volcanic Series, Kohala Volcano, Hawaii: Reply: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 10, p. 3485-3487, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3485:PAOLFT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"3485","endPage":"3487","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hawi Volcanic Series, Kohala Volcano, Pololu Volcanic Series","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.67830106594693,\n 20.020203705815604\n ],\n [\n -155.6573441679445,\n 20.024014726799322\n ],\n [\n -155.6323310961352,\n 20.044973690511213\n ],\n [\n -155.60326185051886,\n 20.049419171809546\n ],\n [\n -155.60934611122929,\n 20.066564848942377\n ],\n [\n -155.59920567671196,\n 20.07227965827171\n ],\n [\n -155.58095289458072,\n 20.097676290315263\n ],\n [\n -155.591769358066,\n 20.126877325579244\n ],\n [\n -155.6167824298753,\n 20.145283871741555\n ],\n [\n -155.633007125103,\n 20.149091851927736\n ],\n [\n -155.65599211000892,\n 20.166226613415745\n ],\n [\n -155.7121025143381,\n 20.196683764508776\n ],\n [\n -155.7323833833727,\n 20.207469244642752\n ],\n [\n -155.79998628015477,\n 20.148457195011773\n ],\n [\n -155.8371678733849,\n 20.06211985328227\n ],\n [\n -155.79863422221902,\n 20.049419171809546\n ],\n [\n -155.77362115040975,\n 20.041163177802545\n ],\n [\n -155.77497320834533,\n 20.025920202649303\n ],\n [\n -155.7208908909197,\n 20.026555356133144\n ],\n [\n -155.67830106594693,\n 20.020203705815604\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDougall, Ian","contributorId":104347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":867843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199710,"text":"70199710 - 1973 - Stable isotope and chemical relations during mineralization in the Bodie mining district, Mono County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:03:14","indexId":"70199710","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T10:02:24","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope and chemical relations during mineralization in the Bodie mining district, Mono County, California","docAbstract":"Stable isotope and chemical relations have been determined in a typical epithermal Au-Ag deposit located in the Bodie mining district of California. Analyses were made of altered host rocks, vein minerals, alteration clays, fluid inclusions, modern spring waters, and unaltered rocks of the area.The results indicate that a hydrothermal convection system was set up by the interaction of a cooling shallow intrusion and local meteoric water. The water traveled to depth where it picked up ore constituents and SiO 2 , K, and Rb, without significant shifts in the stable isotope ratios of the water. The altered rocks have equilibrated to various degrees with an ore fluid of constant K/Rb, O 18 /O 16 and D/H ratios. Deposition of ore took place over the approximate temperature range 215 degrees -245 degrees . From C 13 /C 12 ratios of minor calcite, a volcanic source of CO 2 is postulated. The chemical and isotope composition of the ore fluid is strikingly similar to that of modern spring waters in the area.All ore deposition at Bodie took place from essentially isotopically unaltered ground water with delta O 18 = -13ppm and delta D = -98ppm.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.68.6.765","usgsCitation":"O’Neil, J.R., Silberman, M., Fabbi, B., and Chesterman, C.W., 1973, Stable isotope and chemical relations during mineralization in the Bodie mining district, Mono County, California: Economic Geology, v. 68, no. 6, p. 765-784, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.68.6.765.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"784","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono County","otherGeospatial":"Bodie Mining District","volume":"68","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":111576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silberman, M.L.","contributorId":10013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabbi, B.P.","contributorId":208188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fabbi","given":"B.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chesterman, C. W.","contributorId":115850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesterman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241532,"text":"70241532 - 1973 - Tragic base surge in 1790 at Kilauea Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T15:22:30.339332","indexId":"70241532","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T09:43:27","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tragic base surge in 1790 at Kilauea Volcano","docAbstract":"Reconstruction of events surrounding the deaths of a party of Hawaiian warriors in 1790 on Kilauea Volcano suggests that they were killed by a hot, relatively ash-free base surge. Recognition of structures attributable to base-surge deposition in deposits of the 1790 eruption is consistent with this reconstruction.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<83:TBSIAK>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., and Christiansen, R.L., 1973, Tragic base surge in 1790 at Kilauea Volcano: Geology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 83-86, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<83:TBSIAK>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"86","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.29506784761082,\n 19.397141795819522\n ],\n [\n -155.29232126557972,\n 19.393093801863813\n ],\n [\n -155.26159387910508,\n 19.396817960008804\n ],\n [\n -155.2536974557652,\n 19.407180386269957\n ],\n [\n -155.23996454560896,\n 19.407989923021873\n ],\n [\n -155.23721796357768,\n 19.412847058900226\n ],\n [\n -155.2416811593785,\n 19.418027843903758\n ],\n [\n -155.2488909372104,\n 19.4199705957095\n ],\n [\n -155.25472742402695,\n 19.424503592939757\n ],\n [\n -155.25747400605823,\n 19.431140967854546\n ],\n [\n -155.2684603341832,\n 19.431140967854546\n ],\n [\n -155.27532678926133,\n 19.433245444733075\n ],\n [\n -155.28390985810898,\n 19.425960600907473\n ],\n [\n -155.29798609101903,\n 19.414142270630165\n ],\n [\n -155.29506784761082,\n 19.397141795819522\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":867135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, Robert L. 0000-0002-8017-3918 rchris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-3918","contributorId":4412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Robert","email":"rchris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241225,"text":"70241225 - 1973 - Fossil forms of Amentiferae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T13:55:35.00825","indexId":"70241225","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T08:45:09","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1084,"text":"Brittonia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fossil forms of Amentiferae","docAbstract":"Review of the procedures used in determining fossil plant organs indicates that the many Cretaceous records of extant genera of “Amentiferae” based on leaves should be rejected as theoretically unreliable. Palynological data, in combination with some valid megafossil data, indicate that most recognizable members of “Amentiferae” are no older than the later part of the Late Cretaceous. Juglandales appear to be derivatives of the ancient Normapolles complex and unrelated to other “Amentiferae.” A preliminary account of some of the comparative foliar morphology of extant “Amentiferae” indicates that some—particularly Betulaceae and Fagaceae—are closely related to Hamamelidales but that other families—notably Rhoipteleaceae, Juglandaceae, Didymelaceae, and Leitneriaceae—are unrelated to this order.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/2805639","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, J.A., 1973, Fossil forms of Amentiferae: Brittonia, v. 25, no. 4, p. 334-355, https://doi.org/10.2307/2805639.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"355","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, Jack A.","contributorId":102474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241224,"text":"70241224 - 1973 - Oxidation during magmatic differentiation, Finnmarka Complex, Oslo area, Norway: Part 2, the mafic silicates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T13:32:00.709923","indexId":"70241224","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T08:21:48","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxidation during magmatic differentiation, Finnmarka Complex, Oslo area, Norway: Part 2, the mafic silicates","docAbstract":"Electron-microprobe analyses are presented for pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite from monzonite, granodiorite, and granite at Finnmarka, Norway. Compositional trends measured in biotite, present in all three rock types, and in amphibole, present in the monzonite and granodiorite, are markedly atypical and are interpreted as reflecting crystallization under progressively more oxidizing conditions. The average Fe/Fe + Mg for biotites from successively more silicic rock types changes from 0.64 → 0.35 → 0.28, and for amphiboles changes from 0.58 in the monzonite to 0.29 in the granodiorite.
Analyses of selected areas within amphibole grains in the granodiorite show marked chemical variations, although single-crystal X-ray photographs are sharp and do not reveal multiple phases. On the basis of 33 such analyses, four coupled substitutions are identified as operative; the most unusual finding is the relation of 1 Ti cation to 4 AlIV cations in the unit cell. Variations within individual amphibole grains of the granodiorite resemble changes noted in evolution of amphibole composition from monzonite to granodiorite and are interpreted as reflecting progressive oxidation.
Consideration of these data for the mafic silicates, data for the opaque oxides, and the extensive formation of sphene in the granodiorite, has allowed development of schematic reactions and an overall picture of magmatic environment and evolution at Finnmarka. Crystallization apparently took place at PH2o of 1000 bars or less and a temperature of about 700 °C. The trend of oxidation during differentiation is more extreme than any heretofore reported. Amphiboles, as well as biotites, may participate in oxidation reactions and may reflect the oxidation-reduction processes that occurred during magmatic evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/14.3.349","usgsCitation":"Czamanske, G., and Wones, D.R., 1973, Oxidation during magmatic differentiation, Finnmarka Complex, Oslo area, Norway: Part 2, the mafic silicates: Journal of Petrology, v. 14, no. 3, p. 349-380, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/14.3.349.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"380","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","city":"Oslo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 9.44450136393101,\n 60.48564156700684\n ],\n [\n 9.44450136393101,\n 58.87914909434315\n ],\n [\n 11.792558416904313,\n 58.87914909434315\n ],\n [\n 11.792558416904313,\n 60.48564156700684\n ],\n [\n 9.44450136393101,\n 60.48564156700684\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czamanske, Gerald K.","contributorId":104907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"Gerald K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wones, David R.","contributorId":47455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":866588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1013584,"text":"1013584 - 1973 - Effect of overhead cover on growth and survival of channel catfish in circular tanks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-05T16:07:48.270443","indexId":"1013584","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of overhead cover on growth and survival of channel catfish in circular tanks","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[213:EOOCOG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Allen, K., 1973, Effect of overhead cover on growth and survival of channel catfish in circular tanks: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 35, no. 4, p. 213-213, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[213:EOOCOG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"213","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132261,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6255ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, K.O.","contributorId":11552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000183,"text":"1000183 - 1973 - Review of Aquatic oligochaeta of the world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-14T18:23:37.256326","indexId":"1000183","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of Aquatic oligochaeta of the world","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/00028487.1973.10492856","usgsCitation":"Hiltunen, J.K., 1973, Review of Aquatic oligochaeta of the world: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 102, no. 4, p. 850-850, https://doi.org/10.1577/00028487.1973.10492856.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"850","endPage":"850","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129181,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db60421b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiltunen, Jarl K.","contributorId":27820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiltunen","given":"Jarl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013845,"text":"1013845 - 1973 - Phase feeding for catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-05T16:15:01.507223","indexId":"1013845","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phase feeding for catfish","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[195:PFFC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hastings, W., 1973, Phase feeding for catfish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 35, no. 4, p. 195-196, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[195:PFFC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131685,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68662d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, W.H.","contributorId":58969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014469,"text":"1014469 - 1973 - Anthelminthic treatment of channel catfish for tapeworm infections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-05T16:12:16.773328","indexId":"1014469","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthelminthic treatment of channel catfish for tapeworm infections","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[205:ATOCCF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Meyer, F.P., 1973, Anthelminthic treatment of channel catfish for tapeworm infections: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 35, no. 4, p. 205-206, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[205:ATOCCF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"206","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b3f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, Fred P.","contributorId":28642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013757,"text":"1013757 - 1973 - Effect of method of introducing well water on the growth, body chemistry, and incidence of eye abnormalities of juvenile brown and rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-05T16:18:53.59142","indexId":"1013757","displayToPublicDate":"1973-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of method of introducing well water on the growth, body chemistry, and incidence of eye abnormalities of juvenile brown and rainbow trout","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[187:EOMOIW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., Livingston, D., and Hedrick, D., 1973, Effect of method of introducing well water on the growth, body chemistry, and incidence of eye abnormalities of juvenile brown and rainbow trout: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 35, no. 4, p. 187-190, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1973)35[187:EOMOIW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62559d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, Hugh A.","contributorId":12535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Livingston, D.L.","contributorId":8041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hedrick, D.G.","contributorId":63346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241796,"text":"70241796 - 1973 - Bidding and production relationships for federal OCS leases: Statistical studies of wildcat leases, Gulf of Mexico, 1962, and prior sales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T18:45:20.5058","indexId":"70241796","displayToPublicDate":"1973-09-30T13:27:40","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Bidding and production relationships for federal OCS leases: Statistical studies of wildcat leases, Gulf of Mexico, 1962, and prior sales","docAbstract":"The relationships between bids received on wildcat leases issued on federal OCS lands in the Gulf of Mexico from 1954 through 1962 and subsequent drilling on, production from, and relinquishment of these leases were studied. The results provided quantitative answers to questions regarding bidding as prescribed by current laws and regulations. Perhaps the most notable result is the finding that, while leases receiving the most and highest bids tend, on the average, to produce more revenue, such leases tend to produce less revenue per dollar of bonus spent on the lease.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME","conferenceDate":"September 30-October 3, 1973","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, Nevada, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.2118/4498-MS","usgsCitation":"Lohrenz, J., and Oden, H.A., 1973, Bidding and production relationships for federal OCS leases: Statistical studies of wildcat leases, Gulf of Mexico, 1962, and prior sales, Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, September 30-October 3, 1973, SPE-4498-MS, https://doi.org/10.2118/4498-MS.","productDescription":"SPE-4498-MS","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.22018222589315,\n 25.939661161449408\n ],\n [\n -82.1520063313365,\n 23.92886564462475\n ],\n [\n -80.60238259754897,\n 25.273487517137156\n ],\n [\n -82.4341626127254,\n 27.63615600359438\n ],\n [\n -82.45814245433206,\n 29.09601709170086\n ],\n [\n -83.9731336646339,\n 30.41346956411246\n ],\n [\n -85.01203277742766,\n 30.023136587733887\n ],\n [\n -86.0779202813165,\n 30.768295543325607\n ],\n [\n -88.2624169064347,\n 30.81605869171362\n ],\n [\n -90.14963655034168,\n 30.448715084280593\n ],\n [\n -91.97422023879417,\n 30.524520208322286\n ],\n [\n -94.04145034161246,\n 30.368328485453702\n ],\n [\n -95.63244151303587,\n 29.52903931847078\n ],\n [\n -95.65345926243054,\n 29.10595665372\n ],\n [\n -96.82003993588836,\n 28.970052169782164\n ],\n [\n -97.72901814357431,\n 27.919373965617254\n ],\n [\n -98.05211919216634,\n 27.27418867496931\n ],\n [\n -97.82881766682692,\n 26.195413749094598\n ],\n [\n -97.22018222589315,\n 25.939661161449408\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohrenz, John","contributorId":49364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohrenz","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oden, Hillary A.","contributorId":303681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oden","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70205650,"text":"70205650 - 1973 - Shallow structure and geologic development of the Southern Red Sea ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-30T13:38:37","indexId":"70205650","displayToPublicDate":"1973-09-30T13:06:29","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow structure and geologic development of the Southern Red Sea ","docAbstract":"A series of 34 shallow-penetration seismic-reflection profiles made across the Red Sea show that it developed in two main stages. Initially, an early or pre-Miocene uplift and lateral extension resulted in crustal thinning and eventual formation of the main Red Sea Basin. During Miocene time, the Red Sea was isolated from the Indian Ocean but possibly connected with the Mediterranean Sea, which, like the Red Sea, was an evaporite basin at that time. A distinct acoustic reflector (reflector S) in the Red Sea marks the top of the Miocene evaporite sequence and is correlative with reflector M in the Mediterranean, which is similarly identified with termination of evaporite conditions.
In Pliocene time, connection with the Indian Ocean was re-established, the opening to the Mediterranean was closed, and normal marine conditions were resumed in the Red Sea. Sea-floor spreading first started in Pliocene-Pleistocene time, and resulted in the formation of the axial zone of the Red Sea.
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Models derived from gravity data suggest that the crust is about 45 km thick under the south-central Colombian Andes. If this is correct, the crust must thicken southward along the strike of the Andes, as thicknesses of 70 km have been reported in the Andes of southern Perú, Bolivia, and northern Chile by Lomnitz (1962) and James (1971a). Such differing crustal thicknesses may reflect different intensities of tectonic activity, greater crustal thickness indicating more intense or rapid growth of the volcano-plutonic arc or foreshortening of an existing crustal section.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2895:TGPSC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Case, J.E., Barnes, J., Paris Q., G., Gonzalez I., H., and Vina, A., 1973, Trans-Andean geophysical profile, southern Colombia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 9, p. 2895-2904, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2895:TGPSC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2895","endPage":"2904","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Colombia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.40595107873489,\n 0.2126407990776471\n ],\n [\n -76.40595107873489,\n 2.853672648562963\n ],\n [\n -79.08661514123469,\n 2.853672648562963\n ],\n [\n -79.08661514123469,\n 0.2126407990776471\n ],\n [\n -76.40595107873489,\n 0.2126407990776471\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Case, J. E.","contributorId":56625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Jerry","contributorId":303831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paris Q., Gabriel","contributorId":303832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paris Q.","given":"Gabriel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez I., Humberto","contributorId":303833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez I.","given":"Humberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vina, Alvaro","contributorId":303834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vina","given":"Alvaro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}