{"pageNumber":"627","pageRowStart":"15650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70044452,"text":"sir20125007 - 2013 - Groundwater hydrology and estimation of horizontal groundwater flux from the Rio Grande at selected locations in Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2003-9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T14:59:36","indexId":"sir20125007","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5007","title":"Groundwater hydrology and estimation of horizontal groundwater flux from the Rio Grande at selected locations in Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2003-9","docAbstract":"The Albuquerque, New Mexico, area has two principal sources of water: groundwater from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system and surface water from the San Juan-Chama Diversion Project. From 1960 to 2002, groundwater withdrawals from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system have caused water levels to decline more than 120 feet in some places within the Albuquerque area, resulting in a great deal of interest in quantifying the river-aquifer interaction associated with the Rio Grande.\n\nIn 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began a detailed characterization of the hydrogeology of the Rio Grande riparian corridor in the Albuquerque, New Mexico, area to provide hydrologic data and enhance the understanding of rates of water leakage from the Rio Grande to the alluvial aquifer, groundwater flow through the aquifer, and discharge of water from the aquifer to the riverside drains.\n\nA simple conceptual model of flow indicates that the groundwater table gently slopes from the Rio Grande towards riverside drains and the outer boundaries of the inner valley. Water infiltrating from the Rio Grande initially moves vertically below the river, but, as flow spreads farther into the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer, flow becomes primarily horizontal. The slope of the water-table surface may be strongly controlled by the riverside drains and influenced by other more distal hydrologic boundary conditions, such as groundwater withdrawals by wells.\n\nResults from 35 slug tests performed in the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer during January and February 2009 indicate that hydraulic-conductivity values ranged from 5 feet per day to 160 feet per day with a median hydraulic-conductivity for all transects of 40 feet per day. Median annual horizontal hydraulic gradients in the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer ranged from 0.011 to 0.002.\n\nGroundwater fluxes through the alluvial aquifer calculated by using median slug-test results (qm<sub>slug</sub>) and Darcy's law ranged from about 0.1 feet per day to about 0.7 feet per day. Groundwater fluxes calculated by using the Suzuki-Stallman method (qm<sub>heat</sub>) ranged from 0.52 feet per day to 0.23 feet per day.\n\nResults from the Darcy's law and Suzuki-Stallman flux calculations were compared to discharge measured in riverside drains on both sides of the river north of the Montaño Bridge on February 26, 2009. Flow in the Corrales Riverside Drain increased by 1.4 cubic feet per second from mile 2 to mile 4, about 12 cubic feet per day per linear foot of drain. Flow in the Albuquerque Riverside Drain increased by 15 cubic feet per second between drain miles 0 and 3, about 82 cubic feet per day per linear foot of drain.\n\nThe flux of water from the river to the aquifer was calculated to be 2.2 cubic feet per day per linear foot of river by using the median qm<sub>slug</sub> of 0.09 feet per day at Montaño transects west of the river. The total flux was calculated to be 6.0 cubic feet per day per linear foot of river by using the mean(qm<sub>heat</sub>  of 0.24 feet per day for the Montaño transects west of the river. Assuming the Corrales Riverside Drain intercepted all of this flow, the qm<sub>slug</sub> or qm<sub>heat</sub> fluxes account for 18 to 50 percent, respectively, of the increase of flow in the drain. The flux of water from the river to the aquifer was calculated to be 15 cubic feet per day per linear foot of river by using the median qm<sub>slug</sub> of 0.30 feet per day at the Montaño transects east of the river. The flux of water from the river to the aquifer was calculated to be 17 cubic feet per day per linear foot of river by using the mean flux calculated from the Suzuki-Stallman method for the Montaño East transects of 0.34 feet per day. Assuming the Albuquerque Riverside Drain intercepted all this flow, the qm<sub>slug</sub> or (qm<sub>heat</sub> fluxes would only account for 18 to 21 percent, respectively, of the increase in flow in the drain.\n\nThe comparison of these results with those of previous investigations suggests that calculated flux through the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer is strongly scale dependent and that the thickness of aquifer through which river water flows may be greater than indicated by the vertical temperature profiles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125007","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D.R., McCoy, K.J., More, G.J., Worthington, J.A., and Bandy-Baldwin, K., 2013, Groundwater hydrology and estimation of horizontal groundwater flux from the Rio Grande at selected locations in Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2003-9: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5007, vii, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125007.","productDescription":"vii, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"75","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-10-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5007.gif"},{"id":268825,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5007/"},{"id":268824,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5007/SIR2012-5007.pdf"}],"state":"New Mexico","city":"Albuquerque","otherGeospatial":"Santa Fe Group Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.881796,34.946766 ], [ -106.881796,35.218054 ], [ -106.471163,35.218054 ], [ -106.471163,34.946766 ], [ -106.881796,34.946766 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5138656be4b02c509e50c45b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, Dale R.","contributorId":50924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"More, Geoff J.M.","contributorId":94181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"More","given":"Geoff","email":"","middleInitial":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Worthington, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":19450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worthington","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bandy-Baldwin, Kimberly M.","contributorId":23409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bandy-Baldwin","given":"Kimberly M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70044411,"text":"sim3241 - 2013 - Flood-inundation maps for the Flatrock River at Columbus, Indiana, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T13:56:27","indexId":"sim3241","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3241","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Flatrock River at Columbus, Indiana, 2012","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 5-mile reach of the Flatrock River on the western side of Columbus, Indiana, from County Road 400N to the river mouth at the confluence with Driftwood River, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ and the Federal Flood Inundation Mapper Web site at http://wim.usgs.gov/FIMI/FloodInundationMapper.html, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the Flatrock River at Columbus (station number 03363900). Near-real-time stages at this streamgage may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service, which also presents the USGS data, at http:/water.weather.gov/ahps/. Flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relation at the Flatrock River streamgage, high-water marks that were surveyed following the flood of June 7, 2008, and water-surface profiles from the current flood-insurance study for the City of Columbus. The hydraulic model was then used to compute 12 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from 9 ft or near bankfull to 20 ft, which exceeds the stages that correspond to both the estimated 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flood (500-year recurrence interval flood) and the maximum recorded peak flow. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Geographic Information System digital elevation model (derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data having a 0.37 ft vertical accuracy and 3.9 ft horizontal resolution) to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps on the USGS Federal Flood Inundation Mapper Web site, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3241","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Coon, W.F., 2013, Flood-inundation maps for the Flatrock River at Columbus, Indiana, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3241, Maps: 12 Sheets: 17 x 22 inches; Pamphlet: vi, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3241.","productDescription":"Maps: 12 Sheets: 17 x 22 inches; Pamphlet: vi, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3241.png"},{"id":268770,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/"},{"id":268780,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet9_626_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268781,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet10_627_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268771,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/sim3241-pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":268772,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet1_618_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268773,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet2_619_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268774,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet3_620_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268775,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet4_621_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268776,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet5_622_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268777,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet6_623_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268778,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet7_624_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268779,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet8_625_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268784,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet12_629_74ft.pdf"},{"id":268783,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3241/downloads/map_sheets/sim3241-sheet11_628_74ft.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Columbus","otherGeospatial":"Flatrock River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.006,39.1206 ], [ -86.006,39.2745 ], [ -85.793,39.2745 ], [ -85.793,39.1206 ], [ -86.006,39.1206 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713f6e4b02ab8869bff93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, William F. 0000-0002-7007-7797 wcoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7007-7797","contributorId":1765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"William","email":"wcoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044415,"text":"sir20125287 - 2013 - Nutrient concentrations in surface water and groundwater, and nitrate source identification using stable isotope analysis, in the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor watershed, New Jersey, 2010–11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-15T13:02:46","indexId":"sir20125287","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5287","title":"Nutrient concentrations in surface water and groundwater, and nitrate source identification using stable isotope analysis, in the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor watershed, New Jersey, 2010–11","docAbstract":"Five streams in the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor (BB-LEH) watershed in southern New Jersey were sampled for nutrient concentrations and stable isotope composition under base-flow and stormflow conditions, and during the growing and nongrowing seasons, to help quantify and identify sources of nutrient loading. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of total nitrogen, ammonia, nitrate plus nitrite, organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and orthophosphate, and for nitrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios. Concentrations of total nitrogen in the five streams appear to be related to land use, such that streams in subbasins characterized by extensive urban development (and historical agricultural land use)—North Branch Metedeconk and Toms Rivers—exhibited the highest total nitrogen concentrations (0.84–1.36 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in base flow). Base-flow total nitrogen concentrations in these two streams were dominated by nitrate; nitrate concentrations decreased during storm events as a result of dilution by storm runoff. The two streams in subbasins with the least development—Cedar Creek and Westecunk Creek—exhibited the lowest total nitrogen concentrations (0.16–0.26 mg/L in base flow), with organic nitrogen as the dominant species in both base flow and stormflow. A large proportion of these subbasins lies within forested parts of the Pinelands Area, indicating the likelihood of natural inputs of organic nitrogen to the streams that increase during periods of storm runoff. Base-flow total nitrogen concentrations in Mill Creek, in a moderately developed basin, were 0.43 to 0.62 mg/L and were dominated by ammonia, likely associated with leachate from a landfill located upstream. Total phosphorus and orthophosphate were not found at detectable concentrations in most of the surface-water samples, with the exception of samples collected from the North Branch Metedeconk River, where concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 0.09 mg/L for total phosphorus and 0.008 to 0.011 mg/L for orthophosphate. Measurements of nitrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios of nitrate in surface-water samples revealed that a mixture of multiple subsurface sources, which may include some combination of animal and septic waste, soil nitrogen, and commercial fertilizers, likely contribute to the base-flow nitrogen load. The results also indicate that atmospheric deposition is not a predominant source of nitrogen transported to the BB-LEH estuary from the watershed, although the contribution of nitrate from the atmosphere increases during stormflow. Atmospheric deposition of nitrate has a greater influence in the less developed subbasins within the BB-LEH watershed, likely because few other major sources of nitrogen (animal and septic waste, fertilizers) are present in the less developed subbasins. Atmospheric sources appear to contribute proportionally less of the overall nitrate as development increases within the BB-LEH watershed. Groundwater samples collected from five wells located within the BB-LEH watershed and screened in the unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system were analyzed for nutrient and stable isotope composition. Concentrations of nitrate ranged from not detected to 3.63 mg/L, with the higher concentrations occurring in the highly developed northern portion of the watershed, indicating the likelihood of anthropogenic sources of nitrogen. Isotope data for the two wells with the highest nitrate concentrations are more consistent with fertilizer sources than with animal or septic waste. Total phosphorus was not detected in any of the wells sampled, and orthophosphate was either not detected or measured at very low concentrations (0.005–0.009 mg/L) in each of the wells sampled.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125287","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Barnegat Bay Partnership","usgsCitation":"Wieben, C.M., Baker, R.J., and Nicholson, R.S., 2013, Nutrient concentrations in surface water and groundwater, and nitrate source identification using stable isotope analysis, in the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor watershed, New Jersey, 2010–11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5287, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125287.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5287.png"},{"id":268792,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5287/"},{"id":268793,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5287/support/sir2012-5287.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Barnegat Bay;Little Egg Harbor","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.56,38.93 ], [ -75.56,41.36 ], [ -73.9,41.36 ], [ -73.9,38.93 ], [ -75.56,38.93 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713fbe4b02ab8869bffa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieben, Christine M. 0000-0001-5825-5119 cwieben@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-5119","contributorId":4270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieben","given":"Christine","email":"cwieben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nicholson, Robert S. rnichol@usgs.gov","contributorId":2283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Robert","email":"rnichol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044414,"text":"ofr20131028 - 2013 - Mapping bedrock surface contours using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method near the middle quarter srea, Woodbury, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T14:05:56","indexId":"ofr20131028","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1028","title":"Mapping bedrock surface contours using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method near the middle quarter srea, Woodbury, Connecticut","docAbstract":"The bedrock surface contours in Woodbury, Connecticut, were determined downgradient of a commercial zone known as the Middle Quarter area (MQA) using the novel, noninvasive horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio (HVSR) passive seismic geophysical method. Boreholes and monitoring wells had been drilled in this area to characterize the shallow subsurface to within 20 feet (ft) of the land surface, but little was known about the deep subsurface, including sediment thicknesses and depths to bedrock (Starn and Brown, 2007; Brown and others, 2009). Improved information on the altitude of the bedrock surface and its spatial variation was needed for assessment and remediation of chlorinated solvents that have contaminated the overlying glacial aquifer that supplies water to wells in the area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the town of Woodbury, Connecticut","usgsCitation":"Brown, C., Voytek, E.B., Lane, J.W., and Stone, J.R., 2013, Mapping bedrock surface contours using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method near the middle quarter srea, Woodbury, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1028, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131028.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":467,"text":"New England Water Science Center Connecticut Office","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131028.gif"},{"id":268786,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1028/"},{"id":268787,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1028/pdf/ofr2013-1028_brown_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Woodbury","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.267336,41.508527 ], [ -73.267336,41.612696 ], [ -73.145155,41.612696 ], [ -73.145155,41.508527 ], [ -73.267336,41.508527 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713f9e4b02ab8869bff9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Craig J.","contributorId":104450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Craig J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voytek, Emily B. 0000-0003-0981-453X ebvoytek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0981-453X","contributorId":3575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Emily","email":"ebvoytek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stone, Janet Radway jrstone@usgs.gov","contributorId":1695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet","email":"jrstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Radway","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044413,"text":"sir20125188 - 2013 - Metal prices in the United States through 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T14:10:09","indexId":"sir20125188","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5188","title":"Metal prices in the United States through 2010","docAbstract":"This report, which updates and revises the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) (1999) publication, “Metal Prices in the United States Through 1998,” presents an extended price history for a wide range of metals available in a single document. Such information can be useful for the analysis of mineral commodity issues, as well as for other purposes. The chapter for each mineral commodity includes a graph of annual current and constant dollar prices for 1970 through 2010, where available; a list of significant events that affected prices; a brief discussion of the metal and its history; and one or more tables that list current dollar prices.  In some cases, the metal prices presented herein are for some alternative form of an element or, instead of a price, a value, such as the value for an import as appraised by the U.S. Customs Service. Also included are the prices for steel, steel scrap, and iron ore—steel because of its importance to the elements used to alloy with it, and steel scrap and iron ore because of their use in steelmaking. A few minor metals, such as calcium, potassium, sodium, strontium, and thorium, for which price histories were insufficient, were excluded.  The annual prices given may be averages for the year, yearend prices, or some other price as appropriate for a particular commodity. Certain trade journals have been the source of much of this price information—American Metal Market, ICIS Chemical Business, Engineering and Mining Journal, Industrial Minerals, Metal Bulletin, Mining Journal, Platts Metals Week, Roskill Information Services Ltd. commodity reports, and Ryan’s Notes. Price information also is available in minerals information publications of the USGS (1880–1925, 1996–present) and the U.S. Bureau of Mines (1926–95), such as Mineral Commodity Summaries, Mineral Facts and Problems, Mineral Industry Surveys, and Minerals Yearbook. In addition to prices themselves, these journals and publications contain information relevant to prices, which has been helpful in the preparation of this publication.  Prices in this report have been graphed in 1992 constant dollars to show the effects of inflation as measured by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, a widely used measure of overall inflation in the United States. These prices are not tabulated, but a table of the deflators used is given in an appendix. Constant dollar prices can be used to show how prices that producers receive would have less purchasing power.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125188","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Metal prices in the United States through 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5188, vi, 206 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125188.","productDescription":"vi, 206 p.","numberOfPages":"214","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":389,"text":"Minerals Commodity Section","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125188.gif"},{"id":268789,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5188/"},{"id":268790,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5188/sir2012-5188.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713fae4b02ab8869bffa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042367,"text":"70042367 - 2013 - The response of soil organic carbon of a rich fen peatland in interior Alaska to projected climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T21:11:45","indexId":"70042367","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The response of soil organic carbon of a rich fen peatland in interior Alaska to projected climate change","docAbstract":"It is important to understand the fate of carbon in boreal peatland soils in response to climate change because a substantial change in release of this carbon as CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> could influence the climate system. The goal of this research was to synthesize the results of a field water table manipulation experiment conducted in a boreal rich fen into a process-based model to understand how soil organic carbon (SOC) of the rich fen might respond to projected climate change. This model, the peatland version of the dynamic organic soil Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (peatland DOS-TEM), was calibrated with data collected during 2005–2011 from the control treatment of a boreal rich fen in the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX). The performance of the model was validated with the experimental data measured from the raised and lowered water-table treatments of APEX during the same period. The model was then applied to simulate future SOC dynamics of the rich fen control site under various CO<sub>2</sub> emission scenarios. The results across these emissions scenarios suggest that the rate of SOC sequestration in the rich fen will increase between year 2012 and 2061 because the effects of warming increase heterotrophic respiration less than they increase carbon inputs via production. However, after 2061, the rate of SOC sequestration will be weakened and, as a result, the rich fen will likely become a carbon source to the atmosphere between 2062 and 2099. During this period, the effects of projected warming increase respiration so that it is greater than carbon inputs via production. Although changes in precipitation alone had relatively little effect on the dynamics of SOC, changes in precipitation did interact with warming to influence SOC dynamics for some climate scenarios.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12041","usgsCitation":"Fan, Z., McGuire, A.D., Turetsky, M.R., Harden, J.W., Waddington, J.M., and Kane, E.S., 2013, The response of soil organic carbon of a rich fen peatland in interior Alaska to projected climate change: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 2, p. 604-620, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12041.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"604","endPage":"620","ipdsId":"IP-042131","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268811,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12041"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713ffe4b02ab8869bffb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fan, Zhaosheng","contributorId":83410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"Zhaosheng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony David","contributorId":46848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turetsky, Merritt R.","contributorId":80980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waddington, James Michael","contributorId":89774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddington","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kane, Evan S.","contributorId":11903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041964,"text":"70041964 - 2013 - Interactions between chemical and climate stressors: A role for mechanistic toxicology in assessing climate change risks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T13:17:00","indexId":"70041964","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions between chemical and climate stressors: A role for mechanistic toxicology in assessing climate change risks","docAbstract":"Incorporation of global climate change (GCC) effects into assessments of chemical risk and injury requires integrated examinations of chemical and nonchemical stressors. Environmental variables altered by GCC (temperature, precipitation, salinity, pH) can influence the toxicokinetics of chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion as well as toxicodynamic interactions between chemicals and target molecules. In addition, GCC challenges processes critical for coping with the external environment (water balance, thermoregulation, nutrition, and the immune, endocrine, and neurological systems), leaving organisms sensitive to even slight perturbations by chemicals when pushed to the limits of their physiological tolerance range. In simplest terms, GCC can make organisms more sensitive to chemical stressors, while alternatively, exposure to chemicals can make organisms more sensitive to GCC stressors. One challenge is to identify potential interactions between nonchemical and chemical stressors affecting key physiological processes in an organism. We employed adverse outcome pathways, constructs depicting linkages between mechanism-based molecular initiating events and impacts on individuals or populations, to assess how chemical- and climate-specific variables interact to lead to adverse outcomes. Case examples are presented for prospective scenarios, hypothesizing potential chemical–GCC interactions, and retrospective scenarios, proposing mechanisms for demonstrated chemical–climate interactions in natural populations. Understanding GCC interactions along adverse outcome pathways facilitates extrapolation between species or other levels of organization, development of hypotheses and focal areas for further research, and improved inputs for risk and resource injury assessments.","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Brussels, Belgium","doi":"10.1002/etc.2043","usgsCitation":"Hooper, M.J., Ankley, G., Cristol, D.A., Maryoung, L.A., Noyes, P.D., and Pinkerton, K.E., 2013, Interactions between chemical and climate stressors: A role for mechanistic toxicology in assessing climate change risks: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 32, no. 1, p. 32-48, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2043.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-037983","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3601417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268748,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2043"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"513713f8e4b02ab8869bff9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, Michael J. 0000-0002-4161-8961 mhooper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-8961","contributorId":3251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Michael","email":"mhooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ankley, Gerald T.","contributorId":67382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ankley","given":"Gerald T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cristol, Daniel A.","contributorId":23039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cristol","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6686,"text":"College of William and Mary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maryoung, Lindley A.","contributorId":62483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maryoung","given":"Lindley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Noyes, Pamela D.","contributorId":102763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noyes","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pinkerton, Kent E.","contributorId":33194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkerton","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70041953,"text":"70041953 - 2013 - Owyhee River intracanyon lava flows: does the river give a dam?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T12:12:05","indexId":"70041953","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Owyhee River intracanyon lava flows: does the river give a dam?","docAbstract":"Rivers carved into uplifted plateaus are commonly disrupted by discrete events from the surrounding landscape, such as lava flows or large mass movements. These disruptions are independent of slope, basin area, or channel discharge, and can dominate aspects of valley morphology and channel behavior for many kilometers. We document and assess the effects of one type of disruptive event, lava dams, on river valley morphology and incision rates at a variety of time scales, using examples from the Owyhee River in southeastern Oregon. Six sets of basaltic lava flows entered and dammed the river canyon during two periods in the late Cenozoic ca. 2 Ma–780 ka and 250–70 ka. The dams are strongly asymmetric, with steep, blunt escarpments facing up valley and long, low slopes down valley. None of the dams shows evidence of catastrophic failure; all blocked the river and diverted water over or around the dam crest. The net effect of the dams was therefore to inhibit rather than promote incision. Once incision resumed, most of the intracanyon flows were incised relatively rapidly and therefore did not exert a lasting impact on the river valley profile over time scales >10<sup>6</sup> yr. The net long-term incision rate from the time of the oldest documented lava dam, the Bogus Rim lava dam (≤1.7 Ma), to present was 0.18 mm/yr, but incision rates through or around individual lava dams were up to an order of magnitude greater. At least three lava dams (Bogus Rim, Saddle Butte, and West Crater) show evidence that incision initiated only after the impounded lakes filled completely with sediment and there was gravel transport across the dams. The most recent lava dam, formed by the West Crater lava flow around 70 ka, persisted for at least 25 k.y. before incision began, and the dam was largely removed within another 35 k.y. The time scale over which the lava dams inhibit incision is therefore directly affected by both the volume of lava forming the dam and the time required for sediment to fill the blocked valley. Variations in this primary process of incision through the lava dams could be influenced by additional independent factors such as regional uplift, drainage integration, or climate that affect the relative base level, discharge, and sediment yield within the watershed. By redirecting the river, tributaries, and subsequent lava flows to different parts of the canyon, lava dams create a distinct valley morphology of flat, broad basalt shelves capping steep cliffs of Tertiary sediment. This stratigraphy is conducive to landsliding and extends the effects of intracanyon lava flows on channel geomorphology beyond the lifetime of the dams.","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/B30574.1","usgsCitation":"Ely, L.L., Brossy, C.C., House, P.K., Safran, E.B., O'Connor, J., Champion, D.E., Fenton, C.R., Bondre, N.R., Orem, C.A., Grant, G., Henry, C., and Turrin, B., 2013, Owyhee River intracanyon lava flows: does the river give a dam?: GSA Bulletin, v. 124, no. 11-12, p. 1667-1687, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30574.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1667","endPage":"1687","ipdsId":"IP-030638","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Owyhee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.61,42.0 ], [ -124.61,46.29 ], [ -116.46,46.29 ], [ -116.46,42.0 ], [ -124.61,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"124","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5135c26ae4b03b8ec4025b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Lisa L.","contributorId":19854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brossy, Cooper C.","contributorId":10303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brossy","given":"Cooper","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"House, P. Kyle","contributorId":60374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kyle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Safran, Elizabeth B.","contributorId":10694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fenton, Cassandra R.","contributorId":58915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"Cassandra","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bondre, Ninad R.","contributorId":7152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bondre","given":"Ninad","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Orem, Caitlin A.","contributorId":60926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":36556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Turrin, Brent D.","contributorId":89867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turrin","given":"Brent D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70044348,"text":"sir20125289 - 2013 - Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system in the Forest County Potawatomi Community, Forest County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T09:18:25","indexId":"sir20125289","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5289","title":"Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system in the Forest County Potawatomi Community, Forest County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The shallow groundwater system in the Forest County Potawatomi Comminity, Forest County, Wisconsin, was simulated by expanding and recalibrating a previously calibrated regional model. The existing model was updated using newly collected water-level measurements, inclusion of surface-water features beyond the previous near-field boundary, and refinements to surface-water features. The updated model then was used to calculate the area contributing recharge for seven existing and three proposed pumping locations on lands of the Forest County Potawatomi Community. The existing wells were the subject of a 2004 source-water evaluation in which areas contributing recharge were calculated using the fixed-radius method. The motivation for the present (2012) project was to improve the level of detail of areas contributing recharge for the existing wells and to provide similar analysis for the proposed wells. Delineated 5- and 10-year areas contributing recharge for existing and proposed wells extend from the areas of pumping to delineate the area at the surface contributing recharge to the wells. Steady-state pumping was simulated for two scenarios: a base-pumping scenario using pumping rates that reflect what the Community currently (2012) pumps (or plans to in the case of proposed wells), and a high-pumping scenario in which the rate was set to the maximum expected from wells installed in this area, according to the Forest County Potawatomi Community Natural Resources Department. In general, the 10-year areas contributing recharge did not intersect surface-water bodies. The 5- and 10-year areas contributing recharge simulated at the maximum pumping rate at Bug Lake Road may intersect Bug Lake. At the casino near the Town of Carter, Wisconsin, the 10-year areas contributing recharge intersect infiltration ponds. At the Devils Lake and Lois Crow Drive wells, areas contributing recharge are near cultural features, including residences.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125289","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Forest County Potawatomi Community","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., Saad, D.A., and Juckem, P.F., 2013, Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system in the Forest County Potawatomi Community, Forest County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5289, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125289.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5289.gif"},{"id":268698,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5289/"},{"id":268699,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5289/pdf/SIR2012-5289_web.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Forest","otherGeospatial":"Forest County Potawatomi Community;Lake Lucerne;Trump Lake;Lake Wabikon;Devils Lake;Lake Metonga","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.070282,45.12732 ], [ -89.070282,45.755068 ], [ -88.398743,45.755068 ], [ -88.398743,45.12732 ], [ -89.070282,45.12732 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5135c26be4b03b8ec4025b30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044796,"text":"70044796 - 2013 - Novel and non-traditional use of stable isotope tracers to study metal bioavailability from natural particles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-29T10:53:03","indexId":"70044796","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel and non-traditional use of stable isotope tracers to study metal bioavailability from natural particles","docAbstract":"We devised a novel tracing approach that involves enriching test organisms with a stable metal isotope of low natural abundance prior to characterizing metal bioavailability from natural inorganic particles. In addition to circumventing uncertainties associated with labeling natural particles and distinguishing background metals, the proposed \"reverse labeling\" technique overcomes many drawbacks inherent to using radioisotope tracers. Specifically, we chronically exposed freshwater snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) to synthetic water spiked with Cu that was 99.4% <sup>65</sup>Cu to increase the relative abundance of <sup>65</sup>Cu in the snail’s tissues from 32% to >80%. The isotopically enriched snails were then exposed to benthic algae mixed with Cu-bearing Fe–Al particles collected from the Animas River (Colorado), an acid mine drainage impacted river. We used <sup>63</sup>Cu to trace Cu uptake from the natural particles and inferred their bioavailability from calculation of Cu assimilation into tissues. Cu assimilation from these particles was 44%, indicating that 44% of the particulate Cu was absorbed by the invertebrate. This demonstrates that inorganic particulate Cu can be bioavailable. The reverse labeling approach shows great potential in various scientific areas such as environmental contamination and nutrition for addressing questions involving uptake of an element that naturally has multiple isotopes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications (American Chemical Society)","doi":"10.1021/es400162f","usgsCitation":"Croteau, M., Cain, D.J., and Fuller, C.C., 2013, Novel and non-traditional use of stable isotope tracers to study metal bioavailability from natural particles: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 7, p. 3424-3431, https://doi.org/10.1021/es400162f.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3424","endPage":"3431","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-044147","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271605,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es400162f"}],"volume":"47","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517f966ce4b0e41721f7a377","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Croteau, Marie-Noële","contributorId":22863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie-Noële","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044391,"text":"sir20135014 - 2013 - Evapotranspiration from marsh and open-water sites at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2008--2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T18:48:19","indexId":"sir20135014","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5014","title":"Evapotranspiration from marsh and open-water sites at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2008--2010","docAbstract":"Water allocation in the Upper Klamath Basin has become difficult in recent years due to the increase in occurrence of drought coupled with continued high water demand. Upper Klamath Lake is a central component of water distribution, supplying water downstream to the Klamath River, supplying water for irrigation diversions, and providing habitat for various species within the lake and surrounding wetlands. Evapotranspiration (ET) is a major component of the hydrologic budget of the lake and wetlands, and yet estimates of ET have been elusive—quantified only as part of a lumped term including other substantial water-budget components. To improve understanding of ET losses from the lake and wetlands, measurements of ET were made from May 2008 through September 2010. The eddy-covariance method was used to monitor ET at two wetland sites continuously during this study period and the Bowen-ratio energy-balance method was used to monitor open-water lake evaporation at two sites during the warmer months of the 3 study years. Vegetation at one wetland site (the bulrush site) consists of a virtual monoculture of hardstem bulrush (formerly Scirpus acutus, now Schoenoplectus acutus), and at the other site (the mixed site) consists of a mix of about 70 percent bulrush, 15 percent cattail (Typha latifolia), and 15 percent wocus (Nuphar polysepalum). Measured ET at these two sites was very similar (means were ±2.5 percent) and mean wetland ET is computed as a 70 to 30 percent weighted average of the bulrush and mixed sites, respectively, based on community-type distribution estimated from satellite imagery. Biweekly means of wetland ET typically vary from maximum values of around 6 to 7 millimeters per day during midsummer, to minimum values of less than 1 mm/d during midwinter. This strong annual signal primarily reflects life-cycle changes in the wetland vegetation, and the annual variation of radiative input to the surface and resulting temperature. The perennial vegetation begins each growing season submerged, emerges from the dead litter mat around late May or early June, reaches a maximum height of about 2.2 meters (m) during summer, senesces in October, and subsequently lodges over, contributing to the dead litter mat from previous years. Hydroperiods last about 5 to 6 months, typically beginning in January or February and ending in July or August, and have a minor influence on the annual ET cycle. These hydroperiods result from lake levels that typically vary about 1.3 m, from around 0.6 to 0.9 m above the wetland surface, to around 0.4 to 0.7 m below the wetland surface. An estimate of 3-year annual wetland ET, made by substituting early- and late-season data measured during 2009 for the missing periods in early 2008 and late 2010, is 0.938 meter per year (m/yr). Daily values of alfalfa-based reference ET (ET<sub>r</sub>) were retrieved from the Bureau of Reclamation AgriMet Web site (http://www.usbr.gov/pn/agrimet/index.html) and are aggregated into biweekly, annual, and 3-year values (for consistency, the 3-year values are also computed using substitute data from 2009 for early 2008 and late 2010). These ET<sub>r</sub> values are computed from weather data measured at the nearby Agency Lake weather station (AGKO), and are based on the assumption that the alfalfa crop is green and vigorous year-round. The 3-year value of ET<sub>r</sub> is 1.145 m/yr, about 22 percent greater than wetland ET. A comparison of 2008–2010 alfalfa and pasture growing season actual ET with wetland ET is made using data from the more distant Klamath Falls AgriMet weather station (KFLO) because actual alfalfa and pasture ET are not computed for the AGKO site. During the 190-day average alfalfa growing season, wetland ET (0.779 m) is about 7 percent less than alfalfa ET (0.838 m). During the 195-day average pasture growing season, wetland ET (0.789 m) is about 18 percent greater than pasture ET (0.671 m). Assuming alfalfa and pasture ET are equal to wetland ET during the non-growing season, annual estimates become 0.997 m, 0.938 m, and 0.820 m from alfalfa, wetland, and pasture, respectively. Wetland crop coefficients (K<sub>c</sub>=ET/ET<sub>r</sub>) are computed at daily, biweekly, and annual time steps. Approximate formulas are given to estimate daily values of growing season Kc, thereby allowing computation of daily growing season ET using ET<sub>r</sub> from the AGKO weather station. Biweekly values of growing season Kc are computed from ensemble average values of ET and ET<sub>r</sub> during the 3 study period growing seasons, and a single, mean Kc is computed for the non-growing season. Together, these provide relatively accurate estimates of biweekly ET during the study (RMSE=0.396 and 0.347 mm/d, r2 = 62 and 0.971 at the bulrush and mixed sites, respectively). A fourth-order polynomial fit of the biweekly growing season values to day of year provides a more automated form of ET computation. Measured ET at the bulrush wetland site during the current study compares very closely with growing-season ET estimated during a study in 1997 at nearly the same location. During the earlier study, ET was measured four times, using eddy covariance for 1- to 2-day periods, and was estimated between measurement periods using a Penman-Monteith model, calibrated to the measurements. Differences between time series of ET from the two studies are similar to interannual differences within the current study. Compared to the 1997 study, the current study measured larger ET rates in early summer and smaller rates in late summer, resulting in very similar growing-season totals. A study conducted in 2000 estimated ET from nearby fallowed cropland, using the Bowen-ratio energy balance method supplemented with Priestley-Taylor and crop-coefficient ET modeling. Seasonal timing of ET from three different crop types varied considerably, but growing-season totals were remarkably similar, at 0.435 ± 0.009 m. Wetland ET measured during the current study, evaluated over the same growing season was 0.718 m, or about 65 percent greater than the fallowed cropland ET. Open-water evaporation from Upper Klamath Lake was measured at two locations during the warmer months of 2008–2010 using the Bowen-ratio energy balance method. Measured rates were in general agreement with those measured in 2003 using the same method. Open-water evaporation and wetland ET were nearly equal during late June through early August, when wetland vegetation was green and abundant. As expected, open-water evaporation consistently exceeded wetland ET during late summer, as wetland ET responded to vegetation senescence while open water evaporation responded to extra available energy in the form of heat previously stored in the lake. Overall, open-water evaporation was 20 percent greater than wetland ET during the same period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation.\r","usgsCitation":"Stannard, D.I., Gannett, M.W., Polette, D.J., Cameron, J.M., Waibel, M.S., and Spears, J.M., 2013, Evapotranspiration from marsh and open-water sites at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2008--2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5014, viii, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135014.","productDescription":"viii, 65 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"78","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2013_5014.jpg"},{"id":268725,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5014/"},{"id":268726,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5014/pdf/sir20135014.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.61,42.0 ], [ -124.61,46.29 ], [ -116.46,46.29 ], [ -116.46,42.0 ], [ -124.61,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5135c269e4b03b8ec4025b28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stannard, David I. distanna@usgs.gov","contributorId":562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stannard","given":"David","email":"distanna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannett, Marshall W. 0000-0003-2498-2427 mgannett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-2427","contributorId":2942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannett","given":"Marshall","email":"mgannett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Polette, Danial J. dpolette@usgs.gov","contributorId":1100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Polette","given":"Danial","email":"dpolette@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":475503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cameron, Jason M.","contributorId":71289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waibel, M. Scott","contributorId":50795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waibel","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spears, J. Mark","contributorId":81946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spears","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70156424,"text":"70156424 - 2013 - Arsenic induced toxicity in broiler chicks and its alleviation with ascorbic acid: a toxico-patho-biochemical study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T11:04:14","indexId":"70156424","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-03T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2026,"text":"International Journal of Agriculture & Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic induced toxicity in broiler chicks and its alleviation with ascorbic acid: a toxico-patho-biochemical study","docAbstract":"<p>To find out toxico-pathological effects of arsenic (As) and ameliorating effect of ascorbic acid (Vit C), broilers birds were administered 50 and 250 mg/kg arsenic and Vit C, respectively alone/in combination. As-treated birds exhibited severe signs of toxicity such as dullness, depression, increased thirst, open mouth breathing and watery diarrhea. All these signs were partially ameliorated with the treatment of Vit C. As-treated birds showed a significant decrease in serum total proteins while serum enzymes, urea and creatinine were significantly increased. Alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase completely whereas proteins, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine were partial ameliorated in birds treated with As+Vit C as compared to As-treated and control birds. Pale and hemorrhagic liver and swollen kidneys were observed in As-treated birds. Histopathologically, liver exhibited congestion and cytoplasmic vacuolation while in kidneys, condensation of tubular epithelium nuclei, epithelial necrosis, increased urinary spaces, sloughing of tubules from basement membrane and cast deposition were observed in As-treated birds. Pathological lesions were partially ameliorated with the treatment of Vit C. It can be concluded that arsenic induces biochemical and histopathological alterations in broiler birds; however, these toxic effects can be partially attenuated by Vit C.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Friends Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Faisalabad, Pakistan","usgsCitation":"Khan, A., Sharaf, R., Khan, M.Z., Saleemi, M.K., and Mahmood, F., 2013, Arsenic induced toxicity in broiler chicks and its alleviation with ascorbic acid: a toxico-patho-biochemical study: International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, v. 15, no. 6, p. 1105-1111.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1105","endPage":"1111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308189,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fspublishers.org/Issue.php?categoryID=118"}],"volume":"15","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dee32ce4b0518e354e07fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khan, Ahrar","contributorId":146836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khan","given":"Ahrar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharaf, Rabia","contributorId":146835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharaf","given":"Rabia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khan, Muhammad Zargham","contributorId":146837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad","email":"","middleInitial":"Zargham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saleemi, Muhammad Kashif","contributorId":146842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleemi","given":"Muhammad","email":"","middleInitial":"Kashif","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mahmood, Fazal","contributorId":146841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahmood","given":"Fazal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118892,"text":"70118892 - 2013 - Characterization and simulation of fate and transport of selected volatile organic compounds in the vicinities of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area and landfill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T17:07:50.146422","indexId":"70118892","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T14:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"chapter":"A","subchapterNumber":"Supplement 6","title":"Characterization and simulation of fate and transport of selected volatile organic compounds in the vicinities of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area and landfill","docAbstract":"<p>This supplement of Chapter A (Supplement 6) describes the reconstruction (i.e. simulation) of historical concentrations of tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and benzene<sup>3</sup> in production wells supplying water to the Hadnot Base (USMCB) Camp Lejeune, North Carolina (Figure S6.1). A fate and transport model (i.e., MT3DMS [Zheng and Wang 1999]) was used to simulate contaminant migration from source locations through the groundwater system and to estimate mean contaminant concentrations in water withdrawn from water-supply wells in the vicinity of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area (HPIA) and the Hadnot Point landfill (HPLF) area.<sup>4</sup> The reconstructed contaminant concentrations were subsequently input into a flow-weighted, materials mass balance (mixing) model (Masters 1998) to estimate monthly mean concentrations of the contaminant in finished water <sup>5</sup> at the HPWTP (Maslia et al. 2013). The calibrated fate and transport models described herein were based on and used groundwater velocities derived from groundwater-flow models that are described in Suárez-Soto et al. (2013). Information data pertinent to historical operations of water-supply wells are described in Sautner et al. (2013) and Telci et al. (2013).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analyses and historical reconstruction of groundwater flow, contaminant fate and transport, and distribution of drinking water within the service areas of the Hadnot Point and Holcomb Boulevard Water Treatment Plants and vicinities, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","publisherLocation":"Atlanta, GA","usgsCitation":"Jones, L.E., Suárez-Soto, R., Anderson, B.A., and Maslia, M.L., 2013, Characterization and simulation of fate and transport of selected volatile organic compounds in the vicinities of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area and landfill, vii, 64 p.","productDescription":"vii, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044282","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291728,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325116,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/lejeune/hadnotpoint.html"},{"id":325117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/lejeune/docs/Chapter_A_Supplement_6.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Hadnot Point, Holcomb Boulevard, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.402008,34.622061 ], [ -77.402008,34.747972 ], [ -77.251546,34.747972 ], [ -77.251546,34.622061 ], [ -77.402008,34.622061 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efc9e4b0fe532be2ddfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, L. Elliott 0000-0002-7394-2053 lejones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7394-2053","contributorId":44569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.","email":"lejones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Elliott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suárez-Soto, René J.","contributorId":11101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suárez-Soto","given":"René J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Barbara A.","contributorId":67810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maslia, Morris L.","contributorId":71952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maslia","given":"Morris","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70045676,"text":"70045676 - 2013 - Modeling lahar behavior and hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T14:57:41","indexId":"70045676","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T14:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Modeling lahar behavior and hazards","docAbstract":"Lahars are highly mobile mixtures of water and sediment of volcanic origin that are capable of traveling tens to &gt; 100 km at speeds exceeding tens of km hr-1. Such flows are among the most serious ground-based hazards at many volcanoes because of their sudden onset, rapid advance rates, long runout distances, high energy, ability to transport large volumes of material, and tendency to flow along existing river channels where populations and infrastructure are commonly concentrated. They can grow in volume and peak discharge through erosion and incorporation of external sediment and/or water, inundate broad areas, and leave deposits many meters thick. Furthermore, lahars can recur for many years to decades after an initial volcanic eruption, as fresh pyroclastic material is eroded and redeposited during rainfall events, resulting in a spatially and temporally evolving hazard. Improving understanding of the behavior of these complex, gravitationally driven, multi-phase flows is key to mitigating the threat to communities at lahar-prone volcanoes. However, their complexity and evolving nature pose significant challenges to developing the models of flow behavior required for delineating their hazards and hazard zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Modeling volcanic processes: the physics and mathematics of volcanism","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139021562.014","isbn":"9781139021562; 9780521895439","usgsCitation":"Manville, V., Major, J.J., and Fagents, S.A., 2013, Modeling lahar behavior and hazards, chap. <i>of</i> Modeling volcanic processes: the physics and mathematics of volcanism, p. 300-330, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139021562.014.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"31","ipdsId":"IP-035264","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275638,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139021562.014"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fa31e5e4b076c3a8d8265a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manville, Vernon","contributorId":70272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manville","given":"Vernon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagents, Sarah A.","contributorId":66152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagents","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199860,"text":"70199860 - 2013 - Uncertainty in assessing the impacts of global change with coupled dynamic species distribution and population models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T14:42:03","indexId":"70199860","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T14:41:55","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty in assessing the impacts of global change with coupled dynamic species distribution and population models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Concern over rapid global changes and the potential for interactions among multiple threats are prompting scientists to combine multiple modelling approaches to understand impacts on biodiversity. A relatively recent development is the combination of species distribution models, land‐use change predictions, and dynamic population models to predict the relative and combined impacts of climate change, land‐use change, and altered disturbance regimes on species' extinction risk. Each modelling component introduces its own source of uncertainty through different parameters and assumptions, which, when combined, can result in compounded uncertainty that can have major implications for management. Although some uncertainty analyses have been conducted separately on various model components – such as climate predictions, species distribution models, land‐use change predictions, and population models – a unified sensitivity analysis comparing various sources of uncertainty in combined modelling approaches is needed to identify the most influential and problematic assumptions. We estimated the sensitivities of long‐run population predictions to different ecological assumptions and parameter settings for a rare and endangered annual plant species (</span><i>Acanthomintha ilicifolia</i><span>, or San Diego thornmint). Uncertainty about habitat suitability predictions, due to the choice of species distribution model, contributed most to variation in predictions about long‐run populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12090","usgsCitation":"Conlisk, E., Syphard, A.D., Franklin, J., Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., and Regan, H., 2013, Uncertainty in assessing the impacts of global change with coupled dynamic species distribution and population models: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 3, p. 858-869, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12090.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"858","endPage":"869","ipdsId":"IP-041945","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.9876708984375,\n              32.537551746769\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.08154296875001,\n              32.537551746769\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.08154296875001,\n              33.99347299511967\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.9876708984375,\n              33.99347299511967\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.9876708984375,\n              32.537551746769\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ba92e4b034bf6a7ee117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlisk, Erin","contributorId":149404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conlisk","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franklin, Janet","contributorId":192373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Regan, Helen","contributorId":172483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Helen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70199972,"text":"70199972 - 2013 - SedPods: a low-cost coral proxy for measuring net sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T14:39:58","indexId":"70199972","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T14:39:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SedPods: a low-cost coral proxy for measuring net sedimentation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sediment derived from impaired watersheds is a major stressor to adjacent coral reefs globally. To better understand stresses generated by specific processes and events, many coral reef scientists seek to collect physical samples of settling particles and obtain reproducible information about net rates of sediment accumulation on coral reefs. Yet, the tools most commonly used to gather this information, sediment tube traps, only provide information on the gross accumulation of sediment at a site, in that all particles are effectively trapped within the container, unlike what a coral surface experiences. To address the need for an improved measurement of net particle accumulation on coral surfaces, we propose using recoverable sediment pods (SedPods) that can be constructed from readily available materials for under US $20. These devices are inexpensive, easy to fabricate, and allow for capture of particles over a given time span. The particles can then be used for laboratory analysis and accurate calculation of net accumulation rates on a coral surface proxy. In an experiment in Hanalei Bay, HI, we found that net sediment accumulation on rectangular SedPods was an order of magnitude less than gross accumulation in nearby conventional tube traps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-012-0953-5","usgsCitation":"Field, M.E., Chezar, H., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2013, SedPods: a low-cost coral proxy for measuring net sedimentation: Coral Reefs, v. 32, no. 1, p. 155-159, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-012-0953-5.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"159","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ba93e4b034bf6a7ee119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chezar, Henry hchezar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"Henry","email":"hchezar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":747544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70093206,"text":"70093206 - 2013 - Application and evaluation of electromagnetic methods for imaging saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Seaside Groundwater Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:29:38.903757","indexId":"70093206","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T13:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application and evaluation of electromagnetic methods for imaging saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Seaside Groundwater Basin, California","docAbstract":"Developing effective resource management strategies to limit or prevent saltwater intrusion as a result of increasing demands on coastal groundwater resources requires reliable information about the geologic structure and hydrologic state of an aquifer system. A common strategy for acquiring such information is to drill sentinel wells near the coast to monitor changes in water salinity with time. However, installation and operation of sentinel wells is costly and provides limited spatial coverage. We studied the use of noninvasive electromagnetic (EM) geophysical methods as an alternative to installation of monitoring wells for characterizing coastal aquifers. We tested the feasibility of using EM methods at a field site in northern California to identify the potential for and/or presence of hydraulic communication between an unconfined saline aquifer and a confined freshwater aquifer. One-dimensional soundings were acquired using the time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) and audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) methods. We compared inverted resistivity models of TDEM and AMT data obtained from several inversion algorithms. We found that multiple interpretations of inverted models can be supported by the same data set, but that there were consistencies between all data sets and inversion algorithms. Results from all collected data sets suggested that EM methods are capable of reliably identifying a saltwater-saturated zone in the unconfined aquifer. Geophysical data indicated that the impermeable clay between aquifers may be more continuous than is supported by current models.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysics","doi":"10.1190/geo2012-0004.1","usgsCitation":"Nenna, V., Herckenrather, D., Knight, R., Odlum, N., and McPhee, D., 2013, Application and evaluation of electromagnetic methods for imaging saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Seaside Groundwater Basin, California: Geophysics, v. 78, no. 2, p. B77-B88, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0004.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"B77","endPage":"B88","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038194","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Fort Ord Dunes State Park, Seaside Groundwater Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.830556,36.629722 ], [ -121.830556,36.8 ], [ -121.7,36.8 ], [ -121.7,36.629722 ], [ -121.830556,36.629722 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4d8fe4b0b290850f18f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nenna, Vanessa","contributorId":101982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nenna","given":"Vanessa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herckenrather, Daan","contributorId":69469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herckenrather","given":"Daan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, Rosemary","contributorId":84245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rosemary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Odlum, Nick","contributorId":108390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odlum","given":"Nick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McPhee, Darcy","contributorId":75848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70138531,"text":"70138531 - 2013 - Raman spectroscopy of efflorescent sulfate salts from Iron Mountain Mine Superfund Site, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-19T11:14:06","indexId":"70138531","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":912,"text":"Astrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Raman spectroscopy of efflorescent sulfate salts from Iron Mountain Mine Superfund Site, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Iron Mountain Mine Superfund Site near Redding, California, is a massive sulfide ore deposit that was mined for iron, silver, gold, copper, zinc, and pyrite intermittently for nearly 100 years. As a result, both water and air reached the sulfide deposits deep within the mountain, producing acid mine drainage consisting of sulfuric acid and heavy metals from the ore. Particularly, the drainage water from the Richmond Mine at Iron Mountain is among the most acidic waters naturally found on Earth. The mineralogy at Iron Mountain can serve as a proxy for understanding sulfate formation on Mars. Selected sulfate efflorescent salts from Iron Mountain, formed from extremely acidic waters via drainage from sulfide mining, have been characterized by means of Raman spectroscopy. Gypsum, ferricopiapite, copiapite, melanterite, coquimbite, and voltaite are found within the samples. This work has implications for Mars mineralogical and geochemical investigations as well as for terrestrial environmental investigations related to acid mine drainage contamination.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Larchmont, NY","doi":"10.1089/ast.2012.0908","collaboration":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Sobron, P., and Alpers, C.N., 2013, Raman spectroscopy of efflorescent sulfate salts from Iron Mountain Mine Superfund Site, California: Astrobiology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 270-278, https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2012.0908.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010021","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297364,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2012.0908"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c3fe4b08de9379b36d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sobron, Pablo","contributorId":119593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobron","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047907,"text":"70047907 - 2013 - Drought, deluge and declines: the impact of precipitation extremes on amphibians in a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T14:18:01","indexId":"70047907","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T11:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1026,"text":"Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drought, deluge and declines: the impact of precipitation extremes on amphibians in a changing climate","docAbstract":"The Class Amphibia is one of the most severely impacted taxa in an on-going global biodiversity crisis. Because amphibian reproduction is tightly associated with the presence of water, climatic changes that affect water availability pose a particularly menacing threat to both aquatic and terrestrial-breeding amphibians. We explore the impacts that one facet of climate change—that of extreme variation in precipitation—may have on amphibians. This variation is manifested principally as increases in the incidence and severity of both drought and major storm events. We stress the need to consider not only total precipitation amounts but also the pattern and timing of rainfall events. Such rainfall “pulses” are likely to become increasingly more influential on amphibians, especially in relation to seasonal reproduction. Changes in reproductive phenology can strongly influence the outcome of competitive and predatory interactions, thus potentially altering community dynamics in assemblages of co-existing species. We present a conceptual model to illustrate possible landscape and metapopulation consequences of alternative climate change scenarios for pond-breeding amphibians, using the Mole Salamander, <i>Ambystoma talpoideum</i>, as an example. Although amphibians have evolved a variety of life history strategies that enable them to cope with environmental uncertainty, it is unclear whether adaptations can keep pace with the escalating rate of climate change. Climate change, especially in combination with other stressors, is a daunting challenge for the persistence of amphibians and, thus, the conservation of global biodiversity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/biology2010399","usgsCitation":"Walls, S., Barichivich, W.J., and Brown, M.E., 2013, Drought, deluge and declines: the impact of precipitation extremes on amphibians in a changing climate: Biology, v. 2, no. 1, p. 399-418, https://doi.org/10.3390/biology2010399.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"418","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-041780","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology2010399","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277186,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology2010399"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221bee2e4b001cbb8a34ee0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861 wbarichivich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":3697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","email":"wbarichivich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Mary E. 0000-0002-5580-137X mbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5580-137X","contributorId":5688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary","email":"mbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70118256,"text":"70118256 - 2013 - Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-28T10:08:36","indexId":"70118256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T10:00:47","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3416,"text":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen","docAbstract":"To test the effects of altered hydrology on organic soil decomposition, we investigated CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> production potential of rich-fen peat (mean surface pH = 6.3) collected from a field water table manipulation experiment including control, raised and lowered water table treatments. Mean anaerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production potential at 10 cm depth (14.1 ± 0.9 μmol C g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>) was as high as aerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production potential (10.6 ± 1.5 μmol C g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>), while CH4 production was low (mean of 7.8 ± 1.5 nmol C g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>). Denitrification enzyme activity indicated a very high denitrification potential (197 ± 23 μg N g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>), but net NO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub> reduction suggested this was a relatively minor pathway for anaerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production. Abundances of denitrifier genes (<i>nirK</i> and <i>nosZ</i>) did not change across water table treatments. SO<sup>2-</sup><sub>4</sub> reduction also did not appear to be an important pathway for anaerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production. The net accumulation of acetate and formate as decomposition end products in the raised water table treatment suggested that fermentation was a significant pathway for carbon mineralization, even in the presence of NO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub>. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were the strongest predictors of potential anaerobic and aerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production. Across all water table treatments, the CO<sub>2</sub>:CH<sub>4</sub> ratio increased with initial DOC leachate concentrations. While the field water table treatment did not have a significant effect on mean CO<sub>2</sub> or CH<sub>4</sub> production potential, the CO<sub>2</sub>:CH<sub>4</sub> ratio was highest in shallow peat incubations from the drained treatment. These data suggest that with continued drying or with a more variable water table, anaerobic CO<sub>2</sub> production may be favored over CH<sub>4</sub> production in this rich fen. Future research examining the potential for dissolved organic substances to facilitate anaerobic respiration, or alternative redox processes that limit the effectiveness of organic acids as substrates in anaerobic metabolism, would help explain additional uncertainty concerning carbon mineralization in this system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.032","usgsCitation":"Kane, E., Chivers, M., Turetsky, M., Treat, C.C., Petersen, D., Waldrop, M., Harden, J., and McGuire, A., 2013, Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 58, p. 50-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291109,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.032"}],"volume":"58","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f346e4b0bc0bec0a08ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kane, E.S.","contributorId":42275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chivers, M.R.","contributorId":96505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chivers","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Treat, Claire C.","contributorId":96606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treat","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25501,"text":"University of Eastern Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":496617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petersen, D.G.","contributorId":31687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waldrop, M.","contributorId":97436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70157244,"text":"70157244 - 2013 - Tamarisk: Ecohydrology of a successful plant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-31T16:48:33.87161","indexId":"70157244","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tamarisk: Ecohydrology of a successful plant","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter explores the ecohydrology of tamarisk, with particular emphasis on water use, salt tolerance, potential for salinizing flood plains, drought tolerance and rooting depths, and ecological interactions with native plants on western rivers. It presents the working hypothesis that tamarisk is adapted to water stress, with low to moderate water use that tends to replace mesic vegetation when conditions on flow-regulated rivers become unsuitable for those species, rather than as an invasive species that displaces and out-competes native species under all conditions. It includes data on the annualized rates of evapotranspiration, transpiration, and stomatal conductance by tamarisk stands on western US rivers. It also cites the lack of evidence that simply removing tamarisk from a riverbank will improve salinity or allow native mesic vegetation to return.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tamarix: A case study of ecological change in the American West","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199898206.003.0005","usgsCitation":"Nagler, P.L., and Quigley, M.F., 2013, Tamarisk: Ecohydrology of a successful plant, chap. <i>of</i> Tamarix: A case study of ecological change in the American West, p. 63-84, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199898206.003.0005.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026847","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94142e4b05d6c4e5013ad","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sher, Anna","contributorId":112677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sher","given":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953196,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quigley, Martin F.","contributorId":112538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quigley","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953197,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quigley, Martin F.","contributorId":112538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quigley","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193570,"text":"70193570 - 2013 - Faulting within the Mount St. Helens conduit and implications for volcanic earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T10:44:27","indexId":"70193570","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faulting within the Mount St. Helens conduit and implications for volcanic earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">The 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced seven dacite spines mantled by cataclastic fault rocks, comprising an outer fault core and an inner damage zone. These fault rocks provide remarkable insights into the mechanical processes that accompany extrusion of degassed magma, insights that are useful in forecasting dome-forming eruptions. The outermost part of the fault core consists of finely comminuted fault gouge that is host to 1- to 3-mm-thick layers of extremely fine-grained slickenside-bearing ultracataclasite. Interior to the fault core, there is an ∼2-m-thick damage zone composed of cataclastic breccia and sheared dacite, and interior to the damage zone, there is massive to flow-banded dacite lava of the spine interior. Structures and microtextures indicate entirely brittle deformation, including rock breakage, tensional dilation, shearing, grain flow, and microfaulting, as well as gas and fluid migration through intergranular pores and fractures in the damage zone. Slickenside lineations and consistent orientations of Riedel shears indicate upward shear of the extruding spines against adjacent conduit wall rocks.</p><p id=\"p-2\">Paleomagnetic directions, demagnetization paths, oxide mineralogy, and petrology indicate that cataclasis took place within dacite in a solidified steeply dipping volcanic conduit at temperatures above 500 °C. Low water content of matrix glass is consistent with brittle behavior at these relatively high temperatures, and the presence of tridymite indicates solidification depths of &lt;1 km. Cataclasis was coincident with the eruption’s seismogenic zone at &lt;1.5 km.</p><p id=\"p-3\">More than a million small and low-frequency “drumbeat” earthquakes with coda magnitudes (M<sub>d</sub>) &lt;2.0 and frequencies &lt;5 Hz occurred during the 2004–2008 eruption. Our field data provide a means with which to estimate slip-patch dimensions for shear planes and to compare these with estimates of slip patches based on seismic moments and shear moduli for dacite rock and granular fault gouge. Based on these comparisons, we find that aseismic creep is achieved by micron-scale displacements on Riedel shears and by granular flow, whereas the drumbeat earthquakes require millimeter to centimeter displacements on relatively large (e.g., ∼1000 m<sup>2</sup>) slip patches, possibly along observed extensive principal shear zones within the fault core but probably not along the smaller Riedel shears. Although our field and structural data are compatible with stick-slip models, they do not rule out seismic and infrasound models that call on resonance of steam-filled fractures to generate the drumbeat earthquakes. We suggest that stick-slip and gas release processes may be coupled, and that regardless of the source mechanism, the distinctive drumbeat earthquakes are proving to be an effective precursor for dome-forming eruptions.</p><p id=\"p-4\">Our data document a continuous cycle of deformation along the conduit margins beginning with episodes of fracture in the damage zone and followed by transfer of motion to the fault core. We illustrate the cycle of deformation using a hypothetical cross section of the Mount St. Helens conduit, extending from the surface to the depth of magmatic solidification.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30716.1","usgsCitation":"Pallister, J.S., Cashman, K.V., Hagstrum, J.T., Beeler, N.M., Moran, S.C., and Denlinger, R.P., 2013, Faulting within the Mount St. Helens conduit and implications for volcanic earthquakes: GSA Bulletin, v. 125, no. 3-4, p. 359-376, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30716.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"376","ipdsId":"IP-037093","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","volume":"125","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eade4b0531197b27fe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pallister, John S. 0000-0002-2041-2147 jpallist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-2147","contributorId":2024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"John","email":"jpallist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Katharine V.","contributorId":199542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":13025,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hagstrum, Jonathan T. 0000-0002-0689-280X jhag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-280X","contributorId":3474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044266,"text":"sir20125257 - 2013 - Arsenic concentrations, related environmental factors, and the predicted probability of elevated arsenic in groundwater in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T21:22:56","indexId":"sir20125257","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5257","title":"Arsenic concentrations, related environmental factors, and the predicted probability of elevated arsenic in groundwater in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>Analytical results for arsenic in water samples from 5,023 wells obtained during 1969&ndash;2007 across Pennsylvania were compiled and related to other associated groundwater-quality and environmental factors and used to predict the probability of elevated arsenic concentrations, defined as greater than or equal to 4.0&nbsp;micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L), in groundwater. Arsenic concentrations of 4.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L or greater (elevated concentrations) were detected in 18 percent of samples across Pennsylvania; 8&nbsp;percent of samples had concentrations that equaled or exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency&rsquo;s drinking-water maximum contaminant level of 10.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L. The highest arsenic concentration was&nbsp;490.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L.</p>\n<p>Comparison of arsenic concentrations in Pennsylvania groundwater by physiographic province indicates that the Central Lowland physiographic province had the highest median arsenic concentration (4.5&nbsp;&micro;g/L) and the highest percentage of sample records with arsenic concentrations greater than or equal to 4.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L (59&nbsp;percent) and greater than or equal to 10.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L (43 percent). Evaluation of four major aquifer types (carbonate, crystalline, siliciclastic, and surficial) in Pennsylvania showed that all types had median arsenic concentrations less than 4.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L, and the highest arsenic concentration (490.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L) was in a siliciclastic aquifer. The siliciclastic and surficial aquifers had the highest percentage of sample records with arsenic concentrations greater than or equal to 4.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L and 10.0&nbsp;&micro;g/L. Elevated arsenic concentrations were associated with low pH (less than or equal to 4.0), high pH (greater than or equal to 8.0), or reducing conditions. For waters classified as anoxic (405 samples), 20&nbsp;percent of sampled wells contained water with elevated concentrations of arsenic; for waters classified as oxic (1,530&nbsp;samples) only 10 percent of sampled wells contained water with elevated arsenic concentrations. Nevertheless, regardless of the reduction-oxidation classification, 54&nbsp;percent of samples with low pH (13 of 24&nbsp;samples) and 25&nbsp;percent of samples with high pH (57 of 230&nbsp;samples) had elevated arsenic&nbsp;concentrations.</p>\n<p>Arsenic concentrations in groundwater in Pennsylvania were correlated with concentrations of several chemical constituents or properties, including (1) constituents associated with redox processes, (2) constituents that may have a similar origin or be mobilized under similar chemical conditions as arsenic, and (3) anions or oxyanions that have similar sorption behavior or compete for sorption sites on iron&nbsp;oxides.</p>\n<p>Logistic regression models were created to predict and map the probability of elevated arsenic concentrations in groundwater statewide in Pennsylvania and in three intrastate regions to further improve predictions for those three regions (glacial aquifer system, Gettysburg Basin, Newark Basin). Although the Pennsylvania and regional predictive models retained some different variables, they have common characteristics that can be grouped by (1) geologic and soils variables describing arsenic sources and mobilizers, (2) geochemical variables describing the geochemical environment of the groundwater, and (3) locally specific variables that are unique to each of the three regions studied and not applicable to statewide analysis. Maps of Pennsylvania and the three intrastate regions were produced that illustrate that areas most at risk are those with geology and soils capable of functioning as an arsenic source or mobilizer and geochemical groundwater conditions able to facilitate redox reactions. The models have limitations because they may not characterize areas that have localized controls on arsenic mobility. The probability maps associated with this report are intended for regional-scale use and may not be accurate for use at the field scale or when considering individual&nbsp;wells.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125257","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Health and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Gross, E.L., and Low, D.J., 2013, Arsenic concentrations, related environmental factors, and the predicted probability of elevated arsenic in groundwater in Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5257, viii, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125257.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science 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,{"id":70044264,"text":"ofr20131039 - 2013 - Effects of Chiloquin Dam on spawning distribution and larval emigration of Lost River, shortnose, and Klamath largescale suckers in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T09:54:22","indexId":"ofr20131039","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1039","title":"Effects of Chiloquin Dam on spawning distribution and larval emigration of Lost River, shortnose, and Klamath largescale suckers in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers, Oregon","docAbstract":"Chiloquin Dam was constructed in 1914 on the Sprague River near the town of Chiloquin, Oregon. The dam was identified as a barrier that potentially inhibited or prevented the upstream spawning migrations and other movements of endangered Lost River (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i<) and shortnose (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) suckers, as well as other fish species. In 2002, the Bureau of Reclamation led a working group that examined several alternatives to improve fish passage at Chiloquin Dam. Ultimately it was decided that dam removal was the best alternative and the dam was removed in the summer of 2008. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a long-term study on the spawning ecology of Lost River, shortnose, and Klamath largescale suckers (<i>Catostomus snyderi</i>) in the Sprague and lower Williamson Rivers from 2004 to 2010. The objective of this study was to evaluate shifts in spawning distribution following the removal of Chiloquin Dam. Radio telemetry was used in conjunction with larval production data and detections of fish tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) to evaluate whether dam removal resulted in increased utilization of spawning habitat farther upstream in the Sprague River. Increased densities of drifting larvae were observed at a site in the lower Williamson River after the dam was removed, but no substantial changes occurred upstream of the former dam site. Adult spawning migrations primarily were influenced by water temperature and did not change with the removal of the dam. Emigration of larvae consistently occurred about 3-4 weeks after adults migrated into a section of river. Detections of PIT-tagged fish showed increases in the numbers of all three suckers that migrated upstream of the dam site following removal, but the increases for Lost River and shortnose suckers were relatively small compared to the total number of fish that made a spawning migration in a given season. Increases for Klamath largescale suckers were more substantial. Post-dam removal monitoring only included 2 years with below average river discharge during the spawning season; data from years with higher flows may provide a different perspective on the effects of dam removal on the spawning migrations of the two endangered sucker species.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Martin, B.A., Hewitt, D.A., and Ellsworth, C.M., 2013, Effects of Chiloquin Dam on spawning distribution and larval emigration of Lost River, shortnose, and Klamath largescale suckers in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1039, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131039.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1039.gif"},{"id":268607,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1039/"},{"id":268608,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1039/pdf/ofr20131039.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Chiloquin Dam;Lost River;Sprague River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.6129,41.9918 ], [ -124.6129,43.7136 ], [ -116.4633,43.7136 ], [ -116.4633,41.9918 ], [ -124.6129,41.9918 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5131cdeee4b0140546f53ba5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Barbara A. 0000-0002-9415-6377 barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-6377","contributorId":2855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Barbara","email":"barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, Craig M.","contributorId":14913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044254,"text":"ofr20131013 - 2013 - Nearshore thermal gradients of the Colorado River near the Little Colorado River confluence, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T09:36:04","indexId":"ofr20131013","displayToPublicDate":"2013-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1013","title":"Nearshore thermal gradients of the Colorado River near the Little Colorado River confluence, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2010","docAbstract":"Construction and operation of Glen Canyon Dam has dramatically impacted the flow of the Colorado River through Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons. Extremes in both streamflow and water temperature have been suppressed by controlled releases from the dam. Trapping of sediment in Lake Powell, the reservoir formed by Glen Canyon Dam, has also dramatically reduced the supply of suspended sediment entering the system. These changes have altered the riverine ecosystem and the habitat of native species, including fish such as the endangered humpback chub (<i>Gila cypha</i>). Most native fish are adapted to seasonally warm water, and the continuous relatively cold water released by the dam is one of the factors that is believed to limit humpback chub growth and survival. While average mainstem temperatures in the Colorado River are well documented, there is limited understanding of temperatures in the nearshore environments that fish typically occupy. Four nearshore geomorphic unit types were studied between the confluence of the Colorado and Little Colorado Rivers and Lava Canyon in the summer and fall of 2010, for study periods of 10 to 27 days. Five to seven sites were studied during each interval. Persistent thermal gradients greater than the 0.2 °C accuracy of the instruments were not observed in any of the sampled shoreline environments. Temperature gradients between the shoreline and mainstem on the order of 4 °C, believed to be important to the habitat-seeking behavior of native or nonnative fishes, were not detected.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131013","usgsCitation":"Ross, R., and Grams, P.E., 2013, Nearshore thermal gradients of the Colorado River near the Little Colorado River confluence, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1013, Report: v, 65 p.; Appendix B workbook files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131013.","productDescription":"Report: v, 65 p.; Appendix B workbook files","numberOfPages":"65","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1013.gif"},{"id":268603,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1013/"},{"id":268604,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1013/of2013-1013_text.pdf"},{"id":268605,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1013/of2013-1013_appendix_b/of2013-1013_app_b.html"}],"scale":"400000","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Nevada;Utah","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 114.5,35 ], [ 114.5,37.5 ], [ 110,37.5 ], [ 110,35 ], [ 114.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5131cdefe4b0140546f53ba9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Rob","contributorId":45593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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