The Eighty-ninth Stated Meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union was held 30 August-3 September 1971 at Seattle, Washington, under the sponsorship of the University of Washington. Business sessions and social activities were held in the Student Union Building and the University Tower Hotel; papers sessions were held in the Student Union Building. Day-long field trips were taken to Mount Rainier and to the Deception Pass-Fraser River area. Two-day field trips were offered on the weekends preceding and following the meeting, to the coastal area near Westport with an all-day pelagic trip, and to the Olympic Peninsula, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4084067","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., 1972, Proceedings of the eighty-ninth stated meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union: The Auk, v. 89, no. 1, p. 156-170, https://doi.org/10.2307/4084067.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"156","endPage":"170","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4084067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":199668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6603af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230135,"text":"5230135 - 1972 - Comparative Dietary Toxicities of Pesticides to Birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:28","indexId":"5230135","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"152","title":"Comparative Dietary Toxicities of Pesticides to Birds","docAbstract":"This report presents measurements of the lethal dietary toxicity of 89 pesticidal chemicals to young bowhites, Japanese quail, ring-necked pheasants, and mallards. Toxicity is expressed as the median lethal concentration (LC 50) of active chemical in a 5-day ad libitum diet. LC 50's and associated statistics are derived by methods of probit analysis. Endrin consistently was the most toxic chemical while aldrin and dieldrin were among the six most toxic chemicals of those tested on all species. In general, organophosphates were less toxic than aldrin or dieldrin and herbicides were of a low order of toxicity. There were obvious inconsistencies in the relative sensitivity of the four species to various chemicals.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"1429_Heath.pdf","usgsCitation":"Heath, R., Spann, J.W., Hill, E.F., and Kreitzer, J., 1972, Comparative Dietary Toxicities of Pesticides to Birds: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 152, iv, 57.","productDescription":"iv, 57","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112138,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822009785171?urlappend=%3Bseq=529"},{"id":202623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae616","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heath, R.G.","contributorId":104999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heath","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spann, J. W.","contributorId":93435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spann","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kreitzer, J.F.","contributorId":57170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitzer","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5230123,"text":"5230123 - 1972 - Bibliography on methods of analyzing bird banding data, with special reference to the estimation of population size and survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:26","indexId":"5230123","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"156","title":"Bibliography on methods of analyzing bird banding data, with special reference to the estimation of population size and survival","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., 1972, Bibliography on methods of analyzing bird banding data, with special reference to the estimation of population size and survival: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 156, 13.","productDescription":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112144,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924055486843?urlappend=%3Bseq=373"},{"id":202813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626477","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230257,"text":"5230257 - 1972 - Mammals imported into the United States in 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:23","indexId":"5230257","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"161","title":"Mammals imported into the United States in 1970","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Paradiso, J., and Fisher, R., 1972, Mammals imported into the United States in 1970: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 161, 62.","productDescription":"62","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112149,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015077573254?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":202578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a06f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paradiso, J.L.","contributorId":50634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paradiso","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, R.D.","contributorId":62967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230272,"text":"5230272 - 1972 - Woodcock status report, 1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230272","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"153","title":"Woodcock status report, 1971","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Clark, E., 1972, Woodcock status report, 1971: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 153, 47.","productDescription":"47","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112140,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015077582479?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":202659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa27d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, E.R.","contributorId":61522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230251,"text":"5230251 - 1972 - Birds imported into the United States in 1969","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:26","indexId":"5230251","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"148","title":"Birds imported into the United States in 1969","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., and Clapp, R.B., 1972, Birds imported into the United States in 1969: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 148, 99.","productDescription":"99","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112131,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015077583956?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":202935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db612003","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clapp, R. B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230204,"text":"5230204 - 1972 - Distribution of the duck harvest in Canada and the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230204","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"151","title":"Distribution of the duck harvest in Canada and the United States","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Geis, A.D., and Cooch, F., 1972, Distribution of the duck harvest in Canada and the United States: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 151, 11.","productDescription":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112137,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822009785171?urlappend=%3Bseq=511"},{"id":202723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f5a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geis, A. D.","contributorId":72885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooch, F.G.","contributorId":79423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"F.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230205,"text":"5230205 - 1972 - Use of banding data in migratory game bird research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230205","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"154","title":"Use of banding data in migratory game bird research and management","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Geis, A.D., 1972, Use of banding data in migratory game bird research and management: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 154, 47.","productDescription":"47","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822009785148?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":202724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geis, A. D.","contributorId":72885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230115,"text":"5230115 - 1972 - An Analysis of the Population Dynamics of Selected Avian Species--With Special References to Changes During the Modern Pesticide Era","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230115","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":99,"text":"Wildlife Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"No. 1","title":"An Analysis of the Population Dynamics of Selected Avian Species--With Special References to Changes During the Modern Pesticide Era","docAbstract":"The impact of pesticides on the mortality rates and recruitment rates of nongame birds during the last 25 years was evaluated by studying the population dynamics of 16 species. A mathematical model showing the relations between population parameters that yielded stable populations was developed. The information needed for the model included (1) mortality rate schedule (obtained from recoveries of banded birds), (2) recruitment rates, and (3) the age of sexual maturity. The rate of recruitment necessary for a stable population and/or the annual rate of change (increase or decrease) in population levels were estimated. Population parameters were compared to determine whether changes had occurred between time periods (i.e., 1925-45 vs. 1946-65). The great horned owl, red-shouldered hawk, sparrow hawk, osprey, barn owl, Cooper's hawk, red-tailed hawk, great blue heron, blackcrowned night heron, brown pelican, barn swallow, chimney swift, blue jay, blackcapped chickadee, cardinal, and robin were subjected to this analysis. No increase in postfledging mortality rates in any of the species was detected during the last 25 years (since 1945). Since there was no evidence of increased mortality rates it was concluded that accelerated declines in several of the species studied resulted from lowered reproductive success. Mortality rates were found to have decreased in the Cooper's hawk, sparrow hawk, great blue heron, and brown pelican and this was associated with a decrease in shooting pressure. Evidence of lower recruitment rates was found in the brown pelican, osprey, Cooper's hawk, red-shouldered hawk, and sparrow hawk. No changes in recruitment rates were noted in the red-tailed hawk, great horned owl, great blue heron, or barn owl. Information on recruitment rates was not available for comparison with the other species although rates of recruitment essential for a stable population were estimated. This work will provide the basis for making comparisons in future studies. No change in recruitment rates was apparent among species feeding primarily on mammals. Species exhibiting a lowered reproductive success since 1945 were those whose major food items consisted of fish, reptiles, amphibians, or birds. Lowered reproductive success was accompanied by a decrease in eggshell thickness. Other investigators have reported that sparrow hawks and mallard ducks fed a diet of DDE and dieldrin have produced thin eggshells under laboratory conditions, and exhibited a lower, reproductive success. Many of the bird species that have declined are those that consume food in which chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides have been concentrated through a series of transfers along food chains. The chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides are believed responsible.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., 1972, An Analysis of the Population Dynamics of Selected Avian Species--With Special References to Changes During the Modern Pesticide Era: Wildlife Research Report No. 1, 99.","productDescription":"99","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686838","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5200316,"text":"5200316 - 1972 - Food resources of the California condor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5200316","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":153,"text":"Administrative Report.","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Food resources of the California condor","docAbstract":"Conclusions and Recommendations: Although much of the above information is imprecise and inconclusive, it is evident that the condors foraging habitat is diminishing. Food supply probably is still adequate for free-ranging nonbreeding birds, but could become limited if current land use trends continue. Congregating condors on fewer and fewer acres could be detrimental in other ways. It seems the needs of condors can best be met by maintaining a continuous band of :foraging country throughout the species' horseshoe-shaped range. Public needs for open space and livestock agriculture can also be served by land use zoning, cooperative agreements, easements or other land controls implemented with consideration :for the condors' welfare. Of immediate concern is the declining food situation in the general vicinity of the active condor nests in the Sespe-Piru region. Reproduction is definitely depressed, and the reduced local food supply is the only apparent cause. Predicted future developments can only worsen the situation. A concerted effort should be made immediately to slow the loss of food and foraging area closest to the Sespe Condor Sanctuary including: (1) the Big Mountain-Newhall Ranch regions of southern Ventura County; (2) the arc of grassland around the southern and eastern boundaries of the Sespe Sanctuary; and (3) the Tejon Ranch. Within these areas efforts should be made to increase the amount of condor food by: (1) increasing the amount of livestock, if compatible with proper land use; (2) modifying procedures for disposal of dead livestock, so that more are available to condors; (3) encouraging (subsidizing) ranchers to sacrifice livestock for condor food at certain times o:f the year; and (4) developing a state or Federal supplemental feeding program utilizing cattle, deer or other carrion regularly distributed at close, protected feeding sites. If a convenient food supply is as important to reproduction as it appears, those nest sites closest to the best food source may become most productive and significant in the preservation of this species. These sites, which are in the Piru Creek area, are outside the boundaries o:f the Sespe Condor Sanctuary, but are recognized by the U.S. Forest Service (1971) as extremely important to condor survival. Protective measures recommended in the Forest Service plan should be implemented as soon as possible to preserve this area's usefulness as condor nesting habitat. Food may not be the factor currently limiting condor reproduction. However, the reproductive rate is inadequate to sustain the condor population for long. As food shortage has been shown to limit breeding in many species (Lack 1954, 1966), and as it is something which can be manipulated, it is a logical factor for further study and experimentation.","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","publisherLocation":"Laurel, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S., 1972, Food resources of the California condor: Administrative Report., 18.","productDescription":"18","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae652","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilbur, S.R.","contributorId":53908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5211412,"text":"5211412 - 1972 - Summary of research upon the yuma clapper rail and the masked bobwhite quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5211412","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:20","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Summary of research upon the yuma clapper rail and the masked bobwhite quail","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on Rare and Endangered Wildlife of the Southwestern United States, September 22-23, 1972, Albuquerque, New Mexico","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Department of Game & Fish","publisherLocation":"Santa Fe","collaboration":"OCLC: 1845854 PDF on file: 6881_Tomlinson.pdf","usgsCitation":"Tomlinson, R.E., 1972, Summary of research upon the yuma clapper rail and the masked bobwhite quail, chap. of Symposium on Rare and Endangered Wildlife of the Southwestern United States, September 22-23, 1972, Albuquerque, New Mexico, p. 64-73.","productDescription":"vii, 167","startPage":"64","endPage":"73","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomlinson, R. 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Experimental studies have shown that PCBs have a toxicity to mallards, pheasants, bobwhite quail, coturnix quail, red-winged blackbirds, starlings, cowbirds, and grackles that is of the same order as the toxicity of DDE to these species. Overt signs of poisoning also are similar to those caused by compounds of the DDT group. Toxic effects of DDE and Aroclor 1254 to coturnix chicks were additive, but not synergistic. PCBs containing higher percentages of chlorine are more toxic to birds than those containing lower percentages. PCBs of foreign manufacture contained contaminants to an extent that greatly increased their toxicity. Residues of PCBs in the brains of birds killed by these compounds measure in the hundreds of parts per million. PCBs may have contributed to mortality of some birds in the field. Toxicity to insects of PCBs of different degrees of chlorination is the reverse of the pattern in birds: the lower chlorinations are more toxic to insects. PCBs enhanced the toxicity of dieldrin and DDT to insects. Shrimp are very sensitive to PCBs and most will die as a result of 20-day exposure to a concentration of 5 ppb. PCBs also inhibit shell growth of oysters. Crabs are less sensitive; all accumulate residues to many times the concentrations in the water, and a test with crabs showed that they lost the residues very slowly. Growth of certain species of marine diatoms was experimentally inhibited by PCBs, but algae were not affected. The small marine crustacean, Gammarus, is sensitive to PCBs in concentrations of thousandths to tenths of a part per billion. Exposure to 5 ppb of Aroclor 1254 caused mortality of two species of fish in 14-45 days. Onset of death was delayed and was accompanied by fungus-like lesions. Rainbow trout were quickly killed by terphenyls at 10 ppb under normal oxygen conditions and at 2 ppb with reduced oxygen. Metabolic changes of PCBs have been suggested by environmental observations of different isomeric patterns in animals of different trophic levels. Quantitative differences also are pronounced, with magnifications of hundreds to thousands of times. Laboratory studies have shown no metabolic changes of PCBs by crabs and shrimps, minimal changes by fish, and pronounced changes by birds. PCBs induce microsomal enzyme activity in birds. Exposure to PCBs increased the susceptibility of mallard ducklings to duck hepatitis virus. Offspring of pheasants whose parents received high dosages of PCBs made poor choices in visual cliff tests. Egg production and hatching after pipping also were affected. Migratory restlessness was increased in English robins exposed to PCBs. Long-term studies of the reproductive effects of Aroclor 1254 on mallards and bobwhite quail and of Aroclor 1254 plus DDE on quail showed no significant differences from controls. In studies of chickens, however, egg production and hatchability were impaired by high doses of Aroclor 1254 and by low doses of Aroclor 1242. Statistical evaluations of the role that different chemicals may play in thinning eggshells of brown pelicans showed that DDE residues correlate better with shell thinning than do residues of dieldrin or PCBs, confirming observations with cormorants and white pelicans.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Interdepartmental Task Force on PCBs","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","collaboration":"OCLC: 6261205 ; OCLC: 1165099 ; distributed by NTIS, stock No. COM-72-10419","usgsCitation":"Stickel, L., 1972, Biological data on PCBs in animals other than man, chap. of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Environment, p. 158-172.","productDescription":"vii, 181","startPage":"158","endPage":"172","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c473","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210163,"text":"5210163 - 1972 - The effects of certain pesticides on wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210163","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The effects of certain pesticides on wildlife","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":" Report of the Eighth Northeast Aerial Applicators Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cornell University","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, New York","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., 1972, The effects of certain pesticides on wildlife, chap. of Report of the Eighth Northeast Aerial Applicators Conference, p. 86-95.","startPage":"86","endPage":"95","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666f7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. 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Establecer un sistema de muestreo biologico para detectar los niveles tendencias de los productos quimicos toxicos en un peque?o numero de si tios representativos. 2. Mantener continua vigilancia de la contaminacion ambiental, mediante la seleccion acertadamente dirigida de las zonas afectadas y de las fuentes de contaminacion. 3. Realizar estudios acerca de las poblaciones de animales silvestres, y del exito de los procesos reproductivos de las especies o grupos clayes de animales que se consideran mas gravemente afectados. 4. Preparar recomendaciones para una accion gubernamental de proteccion al hombre, a la fauna silvestre y al medio ambiente. Recomendaciones para la Accion Administrativa: 1. Establecer limites a la tolerancia de los residuos de plaguicidas en los alimentos. Constituye una medida clave para disminuir la contaminacion ambiental. 2. Establecer normas de calidad del agua para las corrientes, represas, la gos y otros cuerpos. Es la segunda medida clave para reducir la contaminacion del ambiente 3. Exigir un tratamiento adecuado de los efluentes industriales, especialmente antes de que se construyan las nuevas plantas. 4. Exigir a los agricultores que en el uso de plaguicidas sigan los consejos tecnicos autorizados y negar a los vendedores el derecho a recomendar productos por su cuenta. 5. Tomar medidas para recoger y eliminar los recipientes y sobrantes de los plaguicidas.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contribucion al Estudio Especial: La Agricultura y la Contaminacion del Medio Abiente de Venezuela.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"Spanish","publisher":"Consejo de Bienestar Rural","publisherLocation":"Caracas, Venezuela","collaboration":"Abril de1972","usgsCitation":"Stickel, L., and Stickel, W.H., 1972, Los plaguicidas y la contaminacion del medio ambiente Venezolano, chap. of Contribucion al Estudio Especial: La Agricultura y la Contaminacion del Medio Abiente de Venezuela., 74.","productDescription":"74","numberOfPages":"74","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640c99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, W. H.","contributorId":23239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5200002,"text":"5200002 - 1972 - Time lapse ecology, Muskeget Island, Nantucket, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5200002","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Time lapse ecology, Muskeget Island, Nantucket, Massachusetts","language":"English","publisher":"MSS Educational Publishing Co., Inc.","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, D., Coppinger, R., and Walsh, R., 1972, Time lapse ecology, Muskeget Island, Nantucket, Massachusetts, 173.","productDescription":"173","numberOfPages":"173","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, D.K.","contributorId":61521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coppinger, R.P.","contributorId":69270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coppinger","given":"R.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, R.E.","contributorId":14924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5200008,"text":"5200008 - 1972 - Swamps, river bottoms, and canebrakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-19T10:56:45","indexId":"5200008","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Swamps, river bottoms, and canebrakes","language":"English","publisher":"Barre Publishers","publisherLocation":"Barre, MA.","usgsCitation":"Meanley, B., 1972, Swamps, river bottoms, and canebrakes, 142 p.","productDescription":"142 p.","numberOfPages":"142","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269697,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/456666"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687eb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meanley, B.","contributorId":43867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meanley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047554,"text":"70047554 - 1972 - Hydraulic testing of hole UA-1-HTH-1, Amchitka Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-19T13:11:24","indexId":"70047554","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T09:10:00","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Hydraulic testing of hole UA-1-HTH-1, Amchitka Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"Total depth of the hole was 1,054 meters (3,458 feet) but, because of borehole erosion and bridging, only about 198 meters (650 feet) of the hole was·hydraulically tested with straddle packers. Some information was obtained on the lower part of the hole by use of the pressure recorders which are used with the straddle packers. The heads below land surface in that part of the hole tested with. straddle packers. ranged from·3.9 meters {12.7 feet) in the ..\ninterval 80.5 to 125. 0. meters (264- to 410 feet), the uppermost zone tested with straddle packers, to 5.1 meters (18.6 feet) in the interval 227.4 to 278.6 meters (.746 to 914 feet), the lowermost part of the hole tested with straddle packers. The composite static water level obtained following a pumping test.was 5.5 meters (18,0 feet). The composite head below 278.6 meters (914 feet), determined from a pressure recorder, was about 12.2 meters (40 feet). The head distribution. indicates a decreasing· head with depth. Water samples were collected from two intervals for chemical, radiochemical, and C-14 analysis. The unadjusted age of water in the interval 183.5 to 234.7 meters (602 to 770. feet) was determined to be 8,410 years, and for the interval 227.4 to 278.6 meters (746 to 914 feet) was 17,880 years. After adjustment the.ages of the waters may be less; however, they would still be. in the thousands of years and the relative difference probably would still be real.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/70047554","usgsCitation":"Ballance, W.C., and Dinwiddie, G., 1972, Hydraulic testing of hole UA-1-HTH-1, Amchitka Island, Alaska, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047554.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277872,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047554/report.pdf"},{"id":276298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047554/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Amchitka","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 178.6158,51.3092 ], [ 178.6158,51.6665 ], [ 179.4688,51.6665 ], [ 179.4688,51.3092 ], [ 178.6158,51.3092 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520a03efe4b0026c2bc11b96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ballance, Wilbur C.","contributorId":50436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballance","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dinwiddie, G.A.","contributorId":49798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinwiddie","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}